Scaffold User in Construction
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These materials have been developed based on applicable federal laws and regulations in place at the time the materials were created. The program
is being provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute and is not intended to provide OSHA compliance certification,
regulatory compliance, a substitute for any "hands on“ training required by applicable laws and regulations, or other legal or professional advice or
services. By accessing the materials, you assume all responsibility and risk arising from the use of the content contained therein.
©2010 Grainger Safety Services, Inc.
Learning Objectives
Objectives:
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OSHA Standard for Scaffold
users, 29 CFR 1926.454(a)
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Procedures for dealing with
Hazards
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Proper use of scaffolds
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Proper material handling
Agenda
Agenda:
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Overview
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Scaffold types
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Terminology
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Associated hazards
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Proper use
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Your responsibilities
►Section 1
Overview
of the Issue
Scaffold Use in Construction
Scaffold prevention:
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4500 injuries annually
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50 deaths annually
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$90 million in workdays
Categories
Three major scaffolds:
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Supported
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Suspended
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Other
What does OSHA have to say?
Key elements:
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Fall protection, fall arrest systems
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Guardrail height
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Crossbracing, midrails and footings
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Platforms, guying ties, and capacity
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Training
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Inspections
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Erecting and dismantling
The Competent Person
Duties include:
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Select and direct employees
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Determine safe work conditions
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Training
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Inspections
The Qualified Person
Duties include:
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Design and load scaffold
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Training
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Design rigging for suspension
scaffolds
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Design platforms less than 36”
Engineer
Must design:
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Direct connection of mason’s multi-point
adjustable suspension scaffolds
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Pole scaffolds over 60 feet tall
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Tube and coupler scaffolds over
125 feet tall
Employee Training
Training includes:
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Electrical, fall, and falling objects hazards
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How to deal with hazards
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Proper use of scaffolds
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Maximum intended load
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Other pertinent information
►Section 2
Types of
Scaffolds
Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:
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Over 25 different types in use
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Most common include fabricated,
supported frame or system
scaffolds
Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:
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Plasterers’, decorators, and large area scaffolds
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Bricklayers square scaffolds
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Horse scaffolds
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Form scaffolds
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Roof bracket scaffolds
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Outrigger scaffolds (one level)
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Pump and window jack
scaffolds
Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:
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Step, platform and trestle ladder
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Single point adjustable suspension
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Two point adjustable suspension
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Catenary scaffolds
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Float (ship) scaffolds
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Interior hung scaffolds
Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:
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Needle beam scaffolds
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Multi-level suspension scaffolds
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Mobile scaffolds
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Repair bracket scaffolds
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Stilts
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Tank builder scaffolds
Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:
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Many different scaffolds in workplace
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Choice is based on work to be performed
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Erection done only b trained professional
►Section 3
Scaffold
Terminology
Scaffold Terminology
Terminology:
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What is a scaffold?
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What is a platform?
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What is a brace?
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What is a stair tower?
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What is a runner, ledger or
ribbon?
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What is a bearer?
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What are mud sills and base
plates?
Scaffold Terminology
Terminology:
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What is a scaffold Competent Person?
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What is a scaffold Qualified Person?
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What is the Maximum Intended Load?
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What is a Rated Load?
►Section 4
Hazards Associated
with Scaffold Use
Hazards Associated with Scaffold Use
Hazards:
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Electrical hazards
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Fall hazards
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Falling objects
Electrical Hazards – Overhead Power Lines
Clearance for insulated lines:
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<300v = minimum 3 feet
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300v to 50kv = minimum 10 feet
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>50kv = 10 feet + .4 inches for
each kv over 50
Clearance for non-insulated lines:
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Less than 50kv = minimum 10
feet
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>50kv = 10 feet + .4 inches for
each kv over 50
Fall Hazards
Protection:
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Install guardrails
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Employ use of harness and
lanyard (personal fall arrest
system)
Fall Hazards
Guardrail systems:
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Height between 38 and 45
inches
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Withstand 200 pounds of force
Falling Objects Protection Systems
Falling objects protection:
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Hard hats
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Toe boards
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Safety screens or guardrails
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Debris nets, catch platforms, or
canopy structures
►Section 5
Proper Use of
Scaffolds
Proper Use of Scaffolds
Basic ground rules:
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Never overload scaffolds
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Always inspect scaffolds prior to use
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Repair, replace, or remove from service
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Competent or qualified individual supervises the
erection, installation, repair, or relocation of
scaffolds
Basic Safety Issues for Work on Scaffolds
Be aware of:
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Weather conditions
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Debris
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Makeshift devices to gain height
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Ladders in use on platforms
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Load within capacity of scaffold
What is Wrong with this Picture?
What do you think of this scaffold design?
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Planks not cleated or secured
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No guardrails
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Greater than 14 inch gap between scaffold and
building
What is Wrong with this Picture?
What do you think?
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No midrails
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No toeboards
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No mesh
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Safety lines not tied to proper
anchorage
►Section 6
Your
Responsibilities
Your Responsibilities
You should:
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Understand power lines within 10 feet
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Appropriate scaffolding inspection
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Properly install mud sills and base plates
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Guardrails and platforms secured in place
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Conditions of decking or planks
Your Responsibilities
Also:
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Know the maximum intended
load for each unit
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Know debris removal policy while
on scaffolds
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Monitor weather conditions
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Worker training