SAFE 645 Principles of
Occupational Safety
Overview of Automated
Processes and Equipment
1. Introduction
1.1. Why automate?
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2. Robots defined
• Reprogrammable, multifunctional,
mechanical manipulators devices
designed to move material, parts, tools,
or specialized devices through variable
programmed motions to perform a
variety of tasks.
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2.1. Classification of robots
 Servo robots
 Nonservo robots
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2.2. Classification by robot
path

Point-to-point path

Controlled path

Continuous path
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3. Intrinsic safety built into
Robot design and operation
Hazard Analysis of the robot’s use, programming,
work environment, human error and maintenance
operations.
Encourages a combination of safeguarding
methods using both redundant and back-up
systems.
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4. Hazards associated with
robots
Control Errors
Human Errors
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4. Hazards associated with
robots
• Working Envelope
• Environmental Sources
• Power Systems
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5. ANSI standards on robots
3.4.1. ANSI/RIA R15.06
“Safety Standard for Industrial Robots and
Industrial Robot Systems”
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5. ANSI standards on robots
Four options for safeguarding
robots:

Presence sensing device

Barrier with an active interlock

Perimeter guard
 Awareness barrier
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5. ANSI standards on robots
Safeguarding the Teacher
 A restricted speed of 10 inches per second
should be placed on any part of the robot
during training to minimize injury to the
teacher or programmer.
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5. ANSI standards on robots
Other ANSI requirements for robots
•
moving parts protected
•
minimize the release of stored energy
•
protect the robot from radio frequency and electro magnetic
sources
•
emergency stops
•
operating controls outside working envelope
•
hostage controls
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5. ANSI standards on robots
•
Installation and maintenance of robots
•
Employee Training
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