Inducto- Deductive
Method =
Inductive Method +
Deductive Method
What is INDUCTIVE METHOD???
‫استقرائ طريقہء ترريس‬
A Child Observes a rising of sun and
getting of darkness after the setting of sun
This He Observes everyday…
CONCLUSION:
“The Sun Rises Everyday
And Also Sets Everyday”
A Child
Eats Green
Apple
EVERYTIM
E and Feels
its sour
taste.
CONCLUSION:
ALL THE
GREEN APPLES
ARE SOUR IN
TASTE
INDUCTIVE METHOD
Principles:
Maxims : proceeding from
 Concrete to Abstract,
Particular to general,
Example to formula.
 Direct Experiencing.
Conclusions are based
on repetition at many times.
• Child concludes after each observation.
•Child generalizes after many observations
EXAMPLES:
CONCLUSION:
A child measures each and every
triangle and concludes that,
“Sum of angles in every triangle
is equal to 180 degrees”
1)Example
(a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
(3+2)(3+2)=5x5=25
3x3+3x2+2x3+2x2=9+6+6+4=25
Similarly,
For all cases with different values of a &b.
It is concluded that,
With every letter,
(x+y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2
(p+q)2 = p2 + 2pq + q2
(m+n)2 = m2 + 2mn + n2
CONCLUSION:
He Generalises that,
(1st Term+2nd Term)2 =
st
2
st
nd
(1 Term) + 2 (1 Term)(2 Term) +
(2nd Term)2
2)Example:
a) Simple Interest of Rs. 300/- for 1 years at
4% p. a.
4% means 4/100
S.I=4X300/100=12
b) Simple Interest of Rs. 400/- for 3 years
at 5% p. a.
Simple Interest= 400x3x5= Rs. 60
100
c) Simple Interest of Rs. 600/- for 4 years
at 3% p. a.
Simple Interest= 600x4x3= Rs. 72
100
WHAT WILL BE A CONCLUSION???
generalization:
Simple Interest = Principle x rate x time
100
i.e.
S.I. = p x r x t
100
MERITS:
 Scientific Method
 Content becomes crystal clear to
students , as they develop on
their own formula/ laws / Principle
 Based on Actual Observation and
Experimentation .
--------------------------------- Thinking is
Logical
 Suitable for beginners
 Increases Pupil – Teacher
Relationship
 Home Work is reduced.
‫‪DEDUCTIVE‬‬
‫‪METHOD‬‬
‫استخراجي طريقہء‬
‫ترريس‬
A child is told “The Sun Rises Everyday
And Also Sets Everyday!”
This fact child verifies by daily
observation
“ALL THE GREEN APPLES ARE
SOUR IN TASTE”
The child may be told that he should
never eat the green apple because they
are sour.
Afterwards he may verify this facts by
tasting green apples.
principles:
Maxims : Proceeding from
•Abstract to Concrete,
• General to Particular,
• Formula to Examples.
 Students are given
formula/rules/laws/princ
iples directly .
 They solve problems
using them.
1)EXAMPLES:
•Students are told that the sum
of angles(3) in a triangle is
180degrees.
• Then the students verify the
same .
•Students will conclude that
“sum of angles of triangle is
equal to 180 degrees”
2)Ask Students to solve the following
problems:
( c+ d )2 ,( x+ y )2 ,( i + j )2
FORMULA was given to them.
Then Students solves those Problems On The
basis of following formula:
(1st Term+2nd Term)2 =
(1st Term)2 + 2 (1st Term)(2nd Term) + (2nd
Term)2
3)The Teacher may announce that today
he is going to learn Simple Interest. He
will then give the relevant formula. i.e.
S.I. = p x r x t
100
And Asks the Student to solve the
Problem based on this formula
MERITS:




Time Saving Method
Suitable to all topics
Suitable to all Students
Glorifies Memory.
------------------------------ Useful at Revision Stage
Enhances Speed and
efficiency
 Mostly Used at Higher Stage
level

DEMERITS:
 Unpsychological Method
 No Originality and Creativity
 Blind Memorization
-------------------------------- Educationally Unsound.


Students are Passive Learners.
Reasoning is not clear
WHICH METHOD?
There can be no induction without deduction and no
deduction without induction.
 Inductive approach is a method for establishing rules
and generalization, and also deriving formulae.
 Deductive approach is a method of applying the
deduced results and for improving skill and efficiency in
solving problems.
 Hence a combination of both inductive and deductive
approach is known as “Inducto-deductive approach” is
most effective for realizing the desired goals.
