Mr. Mitchell’s C.P. World History Class
IDEAS AND THE ART
OF THE RENAISSANCE
HUMANISM /
VERNACULAR
AN INTELLECTUAL MOVEMENT OF THE
RENAISSANCE BASED ON THE STUDY
OF THE HUMANITIES, WHICH
INCLUDED GRAMMAR, RHETORIC,
POETRY, MORAL PHILOSOPHY, AND
HISTORY
–THE LANGUAGE OF EVERYDAY SPEECH
IN A PARTICULAR REGION
FRESCO / PERSPECTIVE
PAINTING DONE ON FRESH, WET
PLASTER WITH WATER-BASED PAINTS
ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES USED TO GIVE
THE EFFECT OF 3-DIMENSIONAL DEPTH
TO 2-DIMENSIONAL SURFACES
What characterized the Renaissance?
Where was this the most noticeable?


Secularism and
Emphasis on the
Individual
Intellectual and
artistic
accomplishments of
the period
• The humanities were
created of Humanism’s
basis of studying the
classics (Greece and
Rome)
• The Humanities include
Grammar, Rhetoric,
poetry, moral philosophy,
history
• Medieval writers had
quoted the surviving
classical texts in order to
give authority to their
religious writings
• Humanists wanted to use
classical values to
revitalize their culture.
• They saw the ancient
Greek and Roman writers
as their intellectual
equals.



Known as the father of
Italian Renaissance
humanism
He looked for forgotten
Latin manuscripts and
set in motion a search
for similar manuscripts
in monastic libraries
throughout Europe.
Petrarch also began the
humanist emphasis on
using pure classical
Latin.


Byzantine scholars
provided
knowledge of the
ancient Greek
language
Islamic scholars
served as
transmitters of
ancient Greek
culture.
* Dante Alighieri
* The Divine Comedy is a
long poem describing
the soul's journey to
attain Paradise.
DANTE’S DEATH MASK
* Christine de Pizan
* Pizan denounced the
many male writers who
had argued that women,
by their very nature, are
unable to learn – she said
that women could attain
learning as well as men if
they could attend the
same schools
So more people could read and understand them
*
In de Pizan’s view, which do you think
deserves more credit: a strong body or a
strong mind? Explain
 A Strong Mind
 De Pizan argues that a
person’s gender does
not determine his or
her ability
Why was de Pizan’s assertion that women “have minds
that are freer and sharper whenever they apply
themselves” such groundbreaking idea during the
Renaissance?
 Even though the
Renaissance was a
time of humanism –
women were still
considered to be les
intelligent than men –
De Pizan insistence
that women should
have equal access to
education is a
pioneering concept
Some people believe weakness in one area indicates
weakness in another: Others say weakness in one area
often means strength in another. Which would de
Pizan favor?
 De Pizan seemed
to favor
compensation,
that is, weakness
in on area means
strength in
another area
According to Humanist of the time period,
what was essential for all people to learn?
Identify at least three reasons why this was
important for people to learn the liberal arts
and humanities?
O To learn Liberal Studies (Liberal Arts) history,
ethics, public speaking, grammar, logic, poetry,
mathematics, astronomy, and music
O Liberal studies enabled individuals to reach their
full potential.
O The purpose of a liberal education was to
produce individuals who follow a path of virtue
and wisdom.
O Humanist educators thought that education was
a practical preparation for life. Its aim was to
create well-rounded citizens, not great scholars.
Who pioneered movable type? How did
this invention helped to change the
world?
 Johannes Gutenberg
 As the number of
printing presses
multiplied, the effects
of new technology
were felt in every area
of European life.
What were artists and sculptors attempting to create
during the Italian Renaissance? How was art changing
because of their art?

 Renaissance artists sought
to imitate nature. They
wanted viewers to be
convinced of the reality of
their subjects.
 These artists were
developing a new, humanfocused worldview. To
emphasize this, many
artists painted the human
body.
Who was Tommaso di Giovanni also known
as Massaccio? What were two major things
that he was able to do with his paintings?

 His frescoes are the first
masterpieces of Early
Renaissance
 Human figures in medieval
paintings look flat, but
Masaccio's figures have
depth and "come alive."
 By mastering the laws of
perspective, Masaccio could
create the illusion of three
dimensions, leading to a
new, realistic style.
The Tribute Money
What were two major developments used
by Florentine Painters during the 15th
Century?

One development
stressed the
technical side of
painting
Investigation of
movement and
human anatomy.
Lorenzo De Medici
“The Magnificent” –
clever politician
Generous patron of
the arts
Represented the
Renaissance Ideal
PATRON - A person
who provides
financial support for
the arts
Medici family Coat of
Arms






He constantly desired
glory
He got very angry with
anyone who equaled him
He wanted to equal and
compete with all princes
He founded a university in
Pisa
His gifts caused his
expenses to multiply
He was on the verge of
bankruptcy and borrowed
money from his friends
Sandro Botticelli
First Major Artistic
Genius under
Lorenzo De Medici
His art often is said
to epitomize the first
modern views of the
spirit of the
Renaissance
Painted the first
major works of art
that defined the
Italian Renaissance
Adoration of the Magi
Painted (1475-1476)
La Primevera
Painted (1477-78)
What city-state was Lorenzo de
Medici from?
Siena
Modena
Naples
Florence
The Papal States
Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)
Quotes from Leonardo Da Vinci
“All of our knowledge has its origins in our
perceptions”
“Wisdom is the daughter of experience”
“The greatest deception men suffer is from their
own opinions”
“The worst evil which can befall the artist is that his
work should appear good in his own eyes”
“It had long since come to my attention that people
of accomplishment rarely sat back and let things
happen to them – they went out and happened to
things”
Leonardo Da Vinci
Renaissance artists who made legendary
works of art which included the Mona Lisa
and the Last Supper
His talents extended past just painting – he
encompassed a number of areas which
included botany, anatomy, optics, music,
architecture and engineering
HE IS KNOWN AS THE RENAISSANCE MAN BECAUSE HE
HAD A WIDE RANGE OF TALENT IN MANY AREAS
List 4 of Leonardo’s Traits that
Vasiri praised?

 Personal Beauty
 Grace
 Ability in many fields
 Personal Strength
 Charm
A C C O R D I N G TO VA S I R I , W H Y D I D
L E O NA R D O O F T E N FA I L TO F I N I S H
MANY THINGS.
 Leonardo felt that his hands
could not execute his mind’s
creative ideas
By Berlinger
Lucca (1228??)
By Da Vinci (1508)
Vitruvian Man (1490)
How did Da Vinci’s attention to
anatomy reflect Renaissance
ideals?


His sketches reflected
the Renaissance
impulse to portray the
human figure and the
natural world more
realistically than had
been accomplished in
the past
This intense study is
shown in the Realism
of the Mona Lisa
Why was the prior at Santa Maria Delle
Grazie church upset with Leonardo?


He wanted
Leonardo to work
faster
Leonardo explained
that people of
genius are really
doing the most when
they are working the
least since they are
thinking through
artistic ideas and
perfecting concepts
*LEONARDO DIED BELIEVING THAT HE HAD
OFFENDED GOD AND MAN BY NOT USING HIS
TALENTS TO THE FULLEST. --- WHY DO YOU
THINK HE FELT THIS WAY? DO YO AGREE WITH
HIM?
Michelangelo
Full Name – Michelangelo Buonarroti
He was a genius, sculptor, engineer, painter,
architect and poet
He created a number of masterpieces
including designing the dome of the St.
Peter’s Cathedral and the drawing of the
ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo’s Pieta (1499)
Pieta (1547-1555)
Designed in (1547)
Raphael --1483-1520
Full name Raphael
Santi (Urbino)
Legendary artists who
blended Christian and
classical styles
He is most known for
his tender portrayals of
the madonna as well as
his painting the School
of Athens
(1502-3)
The Transfiguration by Raphael
(1516-1520)