What is phonics?

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TEACHING LETTERS
AND PHONICS
第三期講師班
組員: 劉芳如 曹愛莉 朱敏菁
指導教授:陳純音教授
Acknowledgment
第一期講師班
李智賢校長指導,
組員:郭靜美, 蔡宜靜, 林恆卉, 李美雲
第二期講師班
江翠國小: 江淑惠 集美國小: 李貞儀
老梅國小: 許豐萍 積穗國小: 李美雲
1
Can you read?
2
What is phonics?
•Phonics is the relationships between
_______ and _______ in a language.
(the letter B has the sound of /b/)
3
What is phonics?
•
Most types of phonics instruction
focus on the teaching of letter-sound
relationships, which help readers
map sounds onto spelling, and sound
out the words in reading (Blevins,
2006).
4
Why is phonics important?
Learning phonics will help students
____ and _____.
--Written language can be compared to a code,
so knowing the sounds of letters and letter
combinations will help your child decode words
--Knowing phonics will also help your child
know which letters to use as he writes words.
自然發音 vs 字母拼讀
5
Components of phonics
•Phonics teaching contains the following
components (Blevins, 2006)
explicit introduction of letter-sound
relationship
_________ awareness
blending and _____________ exercises
word-building
repeated readings / controlled text readings
dictation
6
Phonemic awareness
•玩聲音的遊戲
rhymes / word family
sentence  word
word  syllable
alliteration
syllable  phoneme
7
When should phonics be taught?
低年級
中年級
高年級
__ Short vowels
__ long vowels,
__ vowel diphthong
__ r-controlled vowels
___ Consonants
__ consonants digraphs
__ consonant blends
alphabet
8
BEFORE PHONICS
• Alphabet Teaching
--letter names
--letter shapes
-- more activities
9
Letter names
• 能力指標
1-1-1-1 能聽懂辨別英文26個字母的名稱(letter name)
2-1-1-1 能正確說出26個字母的名稱。
2-1-1-2 能依序正確說出26個字母的名稱。
10
Letter names
 Show the letter materials
 Read aloud
--mimic
--repeat
 Students’ response
--whole, group, individual
 Activities
11
Letter names
• Play games
• Sing ABC song
• Chant books
--Letter parade
• Picture books
--Dr. Seuss’s ABC -e-book, song
--Class book
12
More activities
•What else?
字母接龍
碎碎念
倒過來唸
咄咄逼人
心臟病
13
Letter shapes
• 3-1-1-1 能正確辨識印刷體的大寫字母
• 3-1-1-2 能正確辨識印刷體的小寫字母
• 3-1-1-3 能正確辨識印刷體大小寫字母之間對應的關係
• 4-1-1-1 能熟悉字母的筆順
• 4-1-1-2 能在畫有四(或三)線的行間書寫印刷體大小寫字母
• 4-1-1-3 能在僅畫有底線的行間書寫印刷體大小寫字母
17
Letter shapes
Show the letter
Guide writing
--shape, position
Activities
Practice
--Picture books
*different fonts of printed letters
18
More activities
•What else?
毛根/黏土
字母拼圖
書空變化
字母do re me
外框字
19
WHILE PHONICS
• Phonics Teaching
-- Letter sounds
-- words
-- more activities
20
中年級
vowels
consonants
short vowel a (short-a)
b
c
d
f
short vowel e (short-e)
g
h
j
k
short vowel i (short-i)
l
m
n
p
short vowel o (short-o)
qu
r
s
t
short vowel u (short-u)
v
w
x
y
z
Letter Sounds-1 - 能力指標
1-1-2-1及2-1-2-1 能聽辨、唸出英語的子音
1-1-2-2及2-1-2-2 能聽辨、唸出英語的母音
1-1-5-1 能聽辨單字的音節數和重音
2-1-2-3 能唸出英語子音與母音的基本組合
4-1-5-1 能使用字母拼讀法(phonics)中基本常用的規則
來輔助拼寫字詞
5-1-6-1 能瞭解字母與發音的對應關係與規則。
5-1-6-2 能運用字母拼讀法,嘗試將看到的字詞讀出。
5-1-6-3 能運用字母拼讀法,嘗試將聽到的字詞拼出。
22
Letter sounds-1
•Show the letter
(display visual & audio materials)
• Sound it (A, /a/) (call & response)
• Activities
• Practice
--single
--minimal pairs
--sound in words
--words in sentences or context
23
More activities
•What else?
故事聯想
Tic-Tac-Toe
字母小卡
轉盤
拉拉書
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Online Resources
•Letter by letter
•Singing, chanting,
•Blending
•Consonants— beginning & ending
(kidzone) (Amy’s)(more on
youtube)
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
b
c, k
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
高年級-1
Long vowels
Vowel
diphthongs
R-controlled vowels
long vowel a_e (long-a)
long vowel ee (long-e)
long vowel i_e (long-i)
long vowel o_e (long-o)
long vowel u_e (long-u)
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高年級-2
consonant digraphs
consonant
blends
voiced th / unvoiced th
bl / pl
wh / ph / ng
dr / tr / fr / gr
ch / sh
sk / sp / st
29
Letter Sounds-2 - 能力指標
1-1-2-1及2-1-2-1 能聽辨、唸出英語的子音
1-1-2-2及2-1-2-2 能聽辨、唸出英語的母音
1-1-5-1 能聽辨單字的音節數和重音
2-1-2-3 能唸出英語子音與母音的基本組合
4-1-5-1 能使用字母拼讀法(phonics)中基本常用的規則
來輔助拼寫字詞
5-1-6-1 能瞭解字母與發音的對應關係與規則。
5-1-6-2 能運用字母拼讀法,嘗試將看到的字詞讀出
5-1-6-3 能運用字母拼讀法,嘗試將聽到的字詞拼出。
30
Letter Sounds-2
• How to teach
Show the word & Say it
(Show the picture)
Decode (split & blend)
Sound it
Activities
black
bl-a-ck
More activities
•More Activities for phonics
-vowel team-oa, ai, ea, ay
-vowel team-ea
-Song-Apples and Bananas
- decodable text
32
POST PHONICS
• Sight words
-- window wall
-- Dolch sight words
• understanding
--Picture books
33
Conclusion-1
•Every child has his own
learning pace and preference,
so there is “no definite” way
to teach anything, including
phonics.
34
Conclusion-2
•Where there are words,
there are chances for
teaching phonics!
(語撲滿)
35
References
1. 教育部北區英語教學資源中心
2. 南投縣國小英語輔導團補救教學補充教材
http://163.22.168.6/~ntctenglish/
提供「字母加油站」、「Sight Words加油站」等補充教材,
含錄音檔。
3. Starfall
http://www.starfall.com
提供不同學習階段的學習活動,寓教於樂,包括有趣的字母學
習動畫、後續的評量活動、字母拼讀練習、字母讀本、進階讀
本等。可愛生動的動畫設計,以及清晰的音效,非常受學生喜
愛。
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References
4. Kizclub http://www.kizclub.com/
提供豐富的字母和字母拼讀學習單,童謠和故事,以及實用的
教具設計,不但是很好的課堂教學資源,也可以作為學生在家
延伸學習的教材。
5. LearnEnglishKids
http://learnenglishkids.britishcouncil.org/
網站內容豐富,動畫活潑可愛,包括字母、字彙、句型、 故事、
歌謠韻文、遊戲活動、教學資源等,能提供各種語言程度學生
的學習。
6. 新北市國小英語輔導團
http://tesag.ntpc.edu.tw/web/1english/default.asp
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References
7. Electric
Company
http://pbskids.org/electriccompany/
8. Between the Lions http://pbskids.org/lions/
9. Reading A- Z http://www.readinga-z.com/
10. Phonics
from A- Z : A Practical Guide (by
Blevins, Wiley)
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