Stephanie Irizarry
Teaching Learning Strategies SPED
EDU 315-01

 Mnemonic used for reading
 Has 3 parts
 Before, during, and after reading
 9 strategies altogether
 Can be used for the whole class, groups, and for individual students

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“A word, sentence, picture device, or a technique for improving or strengthening memory” (Wolgemuth p. 1)

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“Teachers use the strategy whenever they want students to remember important information.”
 Can be used in all subjects, foreign language vocabulary, spelling, phonics, and spelling.
 Kleinheksel, K., & Summy, S. (2003). Enhancing Student Learning and Social
Behavior Through Mnemonic Strategies. Teaching Exceptional Children ,
36 (2), 30-35. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.

 Letter strategy (ppt focus)
 Keyword strategy
 Pegword strategy
 BECAUSE
Big Elephants Can Always
Understand Small Elephants

 T -Think Before Reading
 Think about:
○ The Authors Purpose
○ What you know
○ What you want to learn

 WWhile Reading
 Think about:
○ Reading Speed
○ Linking Knowledge
○ Rereading Parts

 A - After Reading
 Think about:
○ The Main Idea
○ Summarizing
Information
○ What you Learned

 All Students Benefit from TWA!!

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 T __________ _________
 W __________ _________
 A __________ _________
________
________
________

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Kleinheksel, K., & Summy, S. (2003). Enhancing Student Learning and Social
Behavior Through Mnemonic Strategies. Teaching Exceptional Children ,
36 (2), 30-35. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.
Mason, L. (2004). Explicit Self-Regulated Strategy Development Versus
Reciprocal Questioning: Effects on Expository Reading
Comprehension Among Struggling Readers. Journal of Educational
Psychology , 96 (2), 283-296. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.96.2.283.
Mason, L., Meadan, H., Hedin, L., & Corso, L. (2006). Self-Regulated
Strategy Development Instruction for Expository Text Comprehension.
Teaching Exceptional Children
Search Premier database.
, 38 (4), 47-52. Retrieved from Academic
Wolgemuth, J., Cobb, R., & Alwell, M. (2008). The Effects of Mnemonic
Interventions on Academic Outcomes for Youth with Disabilities: A
Systematic Review. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice (Blackwell
Publishing Limited) , 23 (1), 1-10. doi:10.1111/j.15405826.2007.00258.x.
(2006). TWA + PLANS Strategies for Expository Reading and Writing:
Effects for Nine Fourth-Grade Students. Exceptional Children , 73 (1), 69-
87. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.