Strategic pest management tactics for
blackheaded fireworm using reduced
risked ovicide/larvicide insecticides
Kim Patten & Chase Metzger
Background:
• In 2015 the Washington Department of Agriculture will most likely
ban the use of OPs on 56% of cranberry beds in WA, due to water
quality issues.
• Alternative reduced risk chemistries for fireworm control have
been getting adopted by the industry, but control hasn’t always
been satisfactory.
Grower survey July 2013 on their satisfaction with Altacor
never used
moderately satisified
very satisified
unsure
• There are a lot of new reduced risk insecticides that we are only
beginning to figure out how to best use.
• Most applications are chemigated on systems with poor uniformity
(DU< 70%) which compromise efficacy
• Our insect pests have a very asynchronous hatch (3+ weeks) which
make insecticide timing more challenging
Project objectives:
• Assess an array of new insecticide for efficacy against fireworm
• Assess duration of field efficacy
• Optimize timing intervals
• Develop more refined IPM program for fireworm management
Blackheaded Fireworm
Rhobobota naevana
2 generations / year
Overwinters as egg
Insecticide efficacy
1st generation BHFW efficacy trials
# alive larvae per sets of 5 sweeps
60
40
20
0
a
b
b
Applied 5/11 assessed 5/13 and 5/20
a
b
2nd generation BHFW efficacy trials
# alive larvae per two sets of 5 sweeps
30
20
a
10
a
a
b
0
Control
Venerate
Grandevo
Danitol
b
Altacor
Applied 7/21 assessed 7/25 & 7/29
larvae size equally distributed between 1 and 5 instar
Duration of field efficacy
Duration of field efficacy – fireworm 2nd generation
Treatments were applied weekly (5/27 to 6/26)
Which applications failed to provide control?
Treatment window
Sweep for efficacy
Duration of field efficacy – fireworm 2nd generation
5 different timings (5/27 to 6/26) – how long do they provide control?
16
Spray dates
a
33 days of control w/ Altacor
19 days of control w/ Intrepid
14
12
ab
10
ab
ab
ab
8
Altacor
6
Intrepid
4
2
# larvae per 5
sweeps on
7/8/2013
0
5/27/2013
300
200
100
0
5/27/2013
c
c
6/6/2013
Plots
swept
for efficacy
6/16/2013
c
6/26/2013
7/6/2013
1
16
1
BHFW adults trap counts
6/6/2013
6/16/2013
6/26/2013
7/6/2013
Container of cranberries treated with Altacor or Intrepid before or after
exposure to fireworm adults and assessed for damaged
DBE - days before exposure
DAE – days after exposure
10 DBE
5 DBE
1 DBE
1 DAE
5 days exposure
5 DAE
10 DAE
% containers with fireworm damage
100
80
a
5 day
exposure
ab
60
Altacor
Intrepid
ab
40
20
ab
b
0
10 DBT
b
b
5 DBT
1 DBT
b
b
1 DAT
b
5 DAT
Data – highly variable
Intrepid applied pre-egg laying – minimal control
Altacor applied pre or post-egg laying - control
b
10 DAT
Optimize timing intervals
replicated trials
Traditional insecticide timing
Timing
window
Timing
window
With new reduced risk insecticides – what is the ideal timing and frequency?
Do you get any ovicidal activity?
Do you get any adulticidal activity?
How long is the duration of field activity?
Pre-hatch application of insecticide for control of 1st
generation BHFW
Treatments applied May 30, 2013 –at early rough neck ~ 1/4” growth; no larvae present
# alive larvae per 5 sweeps
May 6th sweeping
35
30
May 17th sweeping
Treat sweep
a
25
20
15
10
a
31
21.5
5
0
Control
b
b
0
0
Intrepid
b
b
0
0
Altacor
Early timing for 1st generation provides superlative control, even under high pressure
(17 days of control)
# alive fireworm per 10 sweeps
23-Jul
8
3-Aug
Treat sweep
a
6
a
4
2
ab
b
a
ab
a
a
0
Control
Altacor
Intrepid
Cyazypyr
Treatments applied 6/11/12 at first significant moth flight
treat
Total # alive BHFW larvae
# of larvae/ 5 sweeps
50
40
untreated
Delegate
Altacor
Cyazypyr
30
20
10
0
6/24
Treat
7/8
7/22
sweep
8/7
sweep
# alive fireworm per 5 sweeps
16-Jul
50
a
40
23-Jul
Treat sweep
a
30
20
b
10
b
b
a
b
ab
0
Control
Altacor
Intrepid
Cyazypyr
Treatments applied 6/29/12 just prior to egg hatch
Develop more refined IPM program for
fireworm management
• Refinement of trapping
• Use of trap data with GDD models
• Consideration of additional insect pest
• Resistance management
Z traps
IPM timing strategies for control
20 dd
110 dd
145 dd from biofix
A or I
A or I
• Comparison of Apples to Cranberries in the PNW
– 2nd generation Codling moth larvae
• Altacor: ~120 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix
• Intrepid: ~130 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix
– 2nd generation larvae Fireworm larvae
• Altacor: ~110 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix
• Intrepid: ~130 to 140 dd base 10˚C from biofix
How do you overlay an Insecticide to target multiple insects
May
June
July
August
Sept.
Resistance management
Group 18 – Intrepid
Group 5- Delegate
Group 22- Avaunt
Group 28- Altacor, Cyazypr
Summary
• Good field duration
(Altacor>Intrepid≥Cyazypyr>Delegate)
• A fail-proof IPM for fireworm is feasible