Connectivity in the Digital Age
Bob Frankston
http://www.Frankston.com
PSTN  INFRASTRUCTURE
PARADIGMS SHIFTED
Bits, The New Infrastructure
 Must address the cause not the symptoms
 Bits decouple services from the transport
 Bits are an alphabet with no value in themselves
 Value is External  New funding model
 Infrastructure is a proven model
 Roads (The road system is an emergent property)
 Home Infrastructure  Community Infrastructure
We Contribute Infrastructure
From Tenants to Owners
With Home After 1995
Broadband, Cellular, PSTN
 No Fees, Ownership
 Monthly Fee per Device
 Zero marginal cost
 Never pay off finance fee
 Can use bits any way
 Dictate meaning of bits
 Peripherals and innovation
 Apps
 Extend to community
 Unbilled bits are dead bits
 Local Infrastructure
Transition Happens
 Container Shipping
 Goods to packets.
 Private pikes to public roads
 Business community to community funding
 Advertising
 Supports services that aren’t profit centers
 USPS stamps on UPS boxes till 1970’s
Stuck in 19th century?
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Single distribution system for electricity.
Bits aren’t consumables with intrinsic value.
Distribution system, not sharing. % as “bits”
How is this model sustainable in a real market?
No wonder DSL is in violation of Moore’s law!
The network needn’t know which passengers are part of a team.
Using Infrastructure
 Edge-to-Edge forced the issue
 VoIP without QoS
 Decoupling markets  Hypergrowth
 Use of consumer infrastructure (home)
 Access Connectivity!
 Local is exciting and 100% “Internet”
 One “Internet” inside & outside
Doing Our Own Infrastructure
 Marked-based native funding model
 Extends home and campus infrastructure
 Commons like roads and sidewalks
 Reduced costs by avoiding limits of pipes
 Stable funding model with aligned incentives
 Transformational, zero marginal cost:
 Creates opportunity
 Medical services, public safety, cost savings
Making a Fresh Start
 Regulation to Markets
 Native funding for each service
 9-1-1  direct connectivity
 Voice is an app
 Trust is social not a service
 Services are local and global
Scrap Pile
 The following slides are a scrap pile that may
be mined in the future
Transition
 The PSTN retirement is a symptom
 Shifting the business model
 Analog: Service providers own infrastructure
 Digital: Bits enable a common infrastructure
 Stable market-based model
 Infrastructure own locally and regionally
 Services are diverse and funded natively
 From Regulation to Markets
Overview
 From burden of the “PSTN” to Connectivity
 Services using the network not in the network
 No network services  new funding model for net
 Layers to Decoupling (bits, relationships)
 Infrastructure is geographically local
 Just exchange bits, services are external
 Funded like roads
 Needs very little regulation
 Infrastructure is an enabler.
After the PSTN
 PSTN: Provides burdened paying for ”wires”
 Connectivity decouples:
 How we get services
 How we pay for the “wires”
 Use native business models
 Neighbors work together for infrastructure
 Any provider can provide services
 9-1-1 et al without legacy of the 1950’s
Conclusion
 New paradigms, not virtual PSTN
 Generativity of BOYI (Infrastructure)
 Regulation  Markets
 Local ownership of infrastructure
 Global availability of services
 Transitions
 Private Pikes to Public Roads
 Opportunities rather than promises
The Concept of the PSTN
 Telegram as design point
 Intelligence in Network SS7
 Services are provided
 Providers cover costs
 Sell services/messages
 Path is a Pipe
 (Naïve) Trust as a service
Understanding bits
 The alphabet for information
 The universal solvent
 Are not consumed
Who will Deploy
 Local Implications
Bits, not “Internet”
 Used as basic infrastructure
 Meta Devices
 Policies for lights
 Safety Monitoring and Compliance
 Local video
 Not about Access
 Peer connectivity
 Not tied to a path
It’s about Business
 Classic Telecom
 Value is in the network
 Funded by selling service
 Digital World
 Value is external
 Value created doesn’t fund the network
 Divestiture
From Regulation to Markets
 Markets can now provide “telephony”
 Decoupling vs. lock-step engineering
 Escape QoS et al
 Playing out divestiture and bits from the 70’s
 From “Trust Ma Bell” to “Trust is Social”
 Enabling Hypergrowth
Bits Change the Rules
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No “wired” vs. “wireless”
Not Consumed
Inverse relationship between value and quantity
Services decoupled from bit-exchanging
 Skype
 Over-the-Top
 Cellular over IP
 Path independent
 Tethering
 Wi-Fi offloading
Decouples Business Models
 Services
 Charge for value
 Level playing field
 Over all networks, not just one’s own
 Physical infrastructure
 Funding by taxing externalities
 Removes cost/complexity of billing/settlement
 “Broadband” all same so why till?
Why the PSTN?
 Funding model, provider model
 Phone numbers
 Universal Service
 Emergency Services (911)
 Municipal info (311)
 Authentication and Caller-ID
 Billing
 QoS
Dynamic Infrastructure
 Public safety
 if your in #oslo and are ok, try not to use your
phone. #bombeoslo #osloexpl #utøya
(Virtual) PSTN and More
 SIP Trunking?
 Cellular of IP
 Gateways into home
 Starting at the edge
 Tunneling
 Car software upgrade
Bugaboos
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Networks
Providers
Lesson of search DNS  Single Bar
Trust and Zombies Ahead
No Single Hop
Funding like putting stamps on UPS boxes
DSL vs. Line cards
SS7
Congestion and Limits
Infrastructure Funding
 Avoids needing elements to be profit center
 Like advertising liberates Google
 Aligned Incentives vs. Regulation
 Good Stuff Cheap
Free “Wi-Fi”
 Public use
 Emergency use
 Bits are bits
Crises
 Modems in the 90’s
 Funding Broadband Deployment
 Wi-Fi offload for Cellular
 Global Crossing failure
Networking Start at Home
 Connecting devices in the home & campus
 DLNA
 Light Switches
 Intranets [sic]
 Municipal services
 Once we have connectivity
 Use for “offload”
Transition
 Incremental from the edge
 Home networks
 Community: MDU, Development, Cities, Regions
 Interconnect models
 Aggregate purchasing
 Tunneling and Virtual Communities
Business in Transition
 Decoupling from Cable
 NBCU
 TWG
 Telecom
 New Services
 BHR problem
Divestiture
 Because of digital
 Structural Separation
 Wholesale/Retail – same model for different
businesses.
 Spectrum Auctions on Steroids