Unit 6 Test Review
1) If someone has been tried for and
convicted of a serious federal crime,
to which courts may that person
appeal?
• Supreme Court
• Circuit Court
2) Which kind of judicial decisionmaking acknowledges the power of
judges to promote new social policy
by overturning precedent? (Either
judicial activism or judicial restraint)
• Judicial activism
3) What are the 3 important parts
th
of the 14 Amendment?
• Due process clause
• Definition of citizenship
• Equal protection clause
4) The federal judicial system
encompasses which courts?
• The Supreme Court
• District Courts
• Circuit Courts
5) How long is the term of office
for a Supreme Court justice?
• Life
6) What kinds of cases are
handled in federal courts?
•
•
•
•
Deciding questions on copyright
Government contract cases
Violations of federal law
International trade cases
7) What are 4 types of
jurisdiction?
•
•
•
•
Exclusive
Concurrent
Original
Appellate
8) Why is free press a necessity in the
United States?
• Checks the power of the government
9) A judge, deferring actions to the
legislative and executive branches,
expect for cases that are clearly
unconstitutional, is practicing what
judicial philosophy? (Either judicial
restraint or judicial activism)
• Judicial restraint
10) 5th Amendment Rights include:
•
•
•
•
Habeas corpus
Presumption of innocence
Impartial tribunal
Right of appeal
11) What is judicial review?
• The ability of the judicial branch to review the
actions of the executive and legislative branches.
12) How did the decision of Miranda
v. Arizona impact accused persons?
• Accused people now must be made aware of
their rights
13) What is the intent of the 9th
Amendment?
• The people have additional rights not listed in
the Constitution that cannot be denied.
14) What are the functions of the
judicial branch?
• Interpret laws
• Determine punishments
• Protect citizens
15) What is due process of law? Who
does it protect?
• A fundamental, constitutional guarantee that all
legal proceedings will be fair and that one will be
given notice of the proceedings and an
opportunity to be heard before the government
acts to take away one's life, liberty, or property.
Also, a constitutional guarantee that a law shall
not be unreasonable.
• It protects those who have been accused of
violating a law.
16) What was the decision and
reasoning in Engle v. Vitale?
• Students are not required to pray in school
because of the establishment clause of the
First Amendment.
17) What is judicial restraint?
• Judges defer actions to legislative and
executive branches.
18) What is judicial activism?
• Judges make decisions that may create new
precedents.
19) What is one thing that the two
philosophies have in common?
• Judges interpret the laws and make decisions.
20) Name some situations that the
14th Amendment and “substantive
due process of the law” has
influenced.
• School integration
• College admissions
• Workplace equality