Role of CBR for Inclusion and Social
Participation of People with Disability in Nepal
Dr. Bishnu Maya Dhungana
Gender, Disability and Development Consultant
Resource Center for Rehabilitation and Development
16-17 December 2012
bima2006@gmail.com
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Inclusion
Inclusion is about involving everyone in society, making sure all
have opportunities to work or take part in social activities
It also means not being excluded by society from doing anything
based on their gender, social status, disability, age, ethnicity,
language and culture etc.
Independent income followed by public exposure is the key
factor for inclusion in the family and in the community…
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Gaps
• Although a small numbers of people with disability started coming
out of their houses, seeking for better opportunities, inclusion and
social participation still remain very low for the majority of people
with disability due to layers of barriers….
• Economic dependent on others mainly on families is the major
factor blocking inclusion and social participation
• Acceptance of disability from oneself, from family members and
from different stakeholders is still a key issue in particular where
CBR Programme or DPOs remain passive and activities oriented…
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Gaps
• Although increased effort has seen in recent years, process of
inclusion and social participation is missing from many CBR
Programmes…
• Some DPOs not understanding real concept of CBR Programme,
still considering it as medical model whereas it has gone to
cover social needs of people with disability for their quality of
life
• There is lack of individual responsibility and contribution but
often blaming the government, I/NGOs and DPOs; forgetting
effort made by them in difficult circumstances…
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Gaps
• Despite significant work proper documentation about CBR
Programme still lacking…
• Regular follow up, monitoring and evaluation lacking… like any
other project CBR programme get evaluated just before donor
phase out…
• Credit and ownership not properly shared… leading frustration to
dedicated people…
• No culture of sharing information on time…duplication of same
activities…. wasted of limited resources…
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Process of inclusion
• Employment/self employment: Needs based training based on local
context… interaction with employers
• Social mobilization and networking
• Acceptance of disability
• Developing and maintaining CBR database
• Active involvement of family members, local government, NGOs
• Sharing credit and ownership; acknowledging people contribution
in CBR events
• Partnership; should go beyond DPOs or related projects
• Making a simple and practical action plan
• Conducting evidence based research
• Timely follow up and monitoring about CBR Programme
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Way forward
• With closed coordination with NGOs and DPOs, the
government should take responsibility of CBR programme
because there is always need of the CBR Programmme for
inclusion
• A strong partnership with INGOs and international donors is
required to sustain CBR Programme because inclusion and
social participation is a long process and resource intensive
• Although CBR Programme is unable to address livelihood
issue for people with disability directly (apart from vocational
training) it should play role of bridge… regular interactions
and orientation, public awareness with public and private
sectors (employers) is required
Inclusion and Social Participation of People
with Disability in Nepal
Way forward
• Effort made by the government, family members and different
stakeholders for the inclusion of people with disability should be
acknowledged in special events of CBR Celebration
• Although resource is always a big issue CBR Programme should
have regular follow up, monitoring because it provides regular
feedback on progress of programme implementation, and the
problems faced… this will help redesigning programme
• Being as user groups, involvement of people with disability
/their DPOs in all stages of CBR Programme is very crucial
while planning programmes and the implementing them
As a individual my role in CBR/Disability
Development
To influence a person per day; depending on
situation; level of understanding…
“Nothing about us without all of us”
Thank you so much!!!!!