Positive Behaviour Support
Plans
Effective design and development
Objectives
• What is Positive Behaviour Support?
• How can plans be made effective ?
• Why might plans fail or not be as effective as
they could be?
• What are effective formats for PBS plans?
• My experiences of PBS planning.
• How should plans be reviewed and maintained?
What is Positive Behaviour
Support?
‘Positive behavior support (PBS) is an
applied science that uses educational and
systems change methods (environmental
redesign) to enhance quality of life and
minimize problem behaviors’
Carr et al (2002)
Sources of PBS (Carr et al 2002)
Applied Behaviour Analysis
Normalisation/ Inclusion Movement
Person Centre Values
Feature of PBS (Carr et al 2002)
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comprehensive lifestyle change
a lifespan perspective
ecological validity
stakeholder participation
social validity
systems change and multicomponent
intervention
• emphasis on prevention,
Characteristics of PBS and PBS
Planning
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Assessment based
Comprehensive
Proactive
Lifestyle enhancement/inclusion
Person Centred Values
Everyday application
Teaching of alternative skills
Bambara and Knoster 1998
Principles underlying effective PBS
plans
• Multiple interventions or support strategies
• Hypothesis based
• Person Centred
• Personalisation
Aspects that should be included in
PBS plans to make them effective
• Antecedent and setting event
modifications
• Teaching of alternative skills
• Consequence interventions
• Lifestyle Interventions
(Bambara and Knoster 2003)
Triadic Approach
• Consultant
• Mediators
• Focus person
(Tharp and Wetzel 1969)
Contextual fit
Congruence between PBS plan and
variables related to:
• Focus person
• People implementing the plan
• Environment and systems
Reasons why PBS plans may fail
• Not comprehensive enough
• Not technically sound
• Poor fit
• Poor implementation
(Bro Morgannwg 2009)
Formats – 13 step model (PRT)
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Behaviours of concern
Who is affected?
Setting conditions
Primary Prevention
Early Indicators
Secondary Prevention
13 steps continued (PRT)
7. Reactive strategies
8. Unresolved risks
9. Post Incident Support
10.How does the plan support community
living?
11.Data collection and review
12.Plan agreement
13 Review date
PBS plan (Bro Morgannwg format) 1
1. Identifiers
2. Pen portrait
3. Behavioural Summary
4. Health needs
PBS plan (Bro Morgannwg format) 2
5. Primary Prevention
6. Secondary Prevention
7. Reactive Strategies
8. Evaluation
What I have found helpful in
practice
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Planning with teams
Matching support to individual teams
Attending to ongoing team needs
Ensuring grasp of theoretical principles
Adequate data gathering and analysis
Create momentum
Regular review
Facilitator knowledge
Clear, understandable language
Audit tools
• PBS checklist
• Goodness of Fit Survey
• Audit Tool for Best Practice