In the Beginning: Science and Genesis 1-11 “If the foundations are destroyed, what can the righteous do?“ Psalm 11:3 Geologic Column Coconino Sandstone Bioturbation? Hermit Shale Pierre-Paul Grasse, Chair of Evolution at the Sorbonne “Naturalists must remember that the process of evolution is revealed only through fossil forms. A knowledge of paleontology is, therefore, a prerequisite; only paleontology can provide them with the evidence and reveal its course or mechanisms.” Standard 15: Diversity and Evolution of Living Organisms Evolution is the fundamental concept underlying all of biology and is supported by multiple forms of scientific evidence. Benchmark 15.1: Explain how evolution is supported by the fossil record… Darwin on Transitional Fossils: “But as by this theory innumerable transitional forms must have existed why do we not find them embedded in countless numbers in the crust of the earth?” “the case at present must remain inexplicable and may be truly argued as a valid argument against the views here entertained.” What Does the Fossil Record Say? Fossil Record Millions of Years Ago 540 650 Classic Cambrian Critters… Opabinia…Five-eyed Oddity Anomalicaris Hallucigenia Examining the Evidence Actual Data Time (540 mya) Supposed Tree of life Cambrian Sudden appearance of Precambrian complex creatures created after their kind Darwinian (Gen 1:24-25) Model Morphology The Great Fossil Mystery Darwin predicted that the fossil record would abound with transitional fossils, but we find… Two Great Facts of the Fossil Record: New types appear abruptly – Abrupt Appearance New types stay the same – Stasis Crab Abrupt Appearance Stasis Horseshoe Crab Abrupt Appearance Stasis Turtles Abrupt Appearance Stasis Starfish Abrupt Appearance Stasis Shrimp Abrupt Appearance Stasis Sea Horse Abrupt Appearance Stasis Bee Abrupt Appearance Stasis Dragon Flies Abrupt Appearance Stasis Bats Abrupt Appearance Stasis Jelly Fish Abrupt Appearance Stasis Fossil Fish 2 02083 Zeramaroo: Tigabit Hawish Stephen Jay Gould, late Harvard paleontologist: “The extreme rarity of intermediate forms persists as the trade secret of paleontology.”