Post WWI Social Change
1919-1929
American Presidents
• Woodrow Wilson 1913-21
• Warren G. Harding 1921-23
• Calvin Coolidge 1923-29
• Herbert Hoover 1929-33
The Black Star Line
1919
• Race riots erupt in Chicago and other cities. Marcus Garvey launches the
first of his Black Star Line ships for the Universal Negro Improvement
Association. This was the back to Africa movement.
1920
The 18th Amendment takes effect instituting prohibition.
19th Amendment
1920
The Jazz Age
1923
Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington
Jack Dempsey
World Heavyweight Champion
1919-1926
Women in Politics
Ma Ferguson
Governor of Texas 1925-35
The Scopes Monkey Trial
John Scopes
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The Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes and commonly
referred to as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was a famous American legal case in 1925 in which a high
school teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it unlawful
to teach human evolution in any state-funded school.[1] The trial was deliberately staged in order to
attract publicity to the small town of Dayton, Tennessee, where it was held. Scopes was unsure
whether he had ever actually taught evolution, but he purposely incriminated himself so that the case
could have a defendant.
Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality. The trial
served its purpose of drawing intense national publicity, as national reporters flocked to Dayton to
cover the big-name lawyers who had agreed to represent each side. William Jennings Bryan, threetime presidential candidate, argued for the prosecution, while Clarence Darrow, the famed defense
attorney, spoke for Scopes. The trial publicized the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy, which
set Modernists, who said evolution was not inconsistent with religion,[2] againstFundamentalists, who
said the word of God as revealed in the Bible took priority over all human knowledge. The case was
thus seen as both a theological contest and a trial on whether modern science regarding the creationevolution controversy should be taught in schools.
The trial is perhaps best known today for serving as the inspiration for the play, Inherit the Wind,
and the movie of the same title
Gertrude Caroline Ederle (October 23, 1905 – November 30, 2003) was an
American competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world recordholder. In 1926, she became the first woman to swim across the English
Channel.
Charles Lindbergh
• Completed the first trans-Atlantic flight. New York to Paris
Lindy
Flappers were a "new breed" of young Western women in the 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their
hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior.
Flappers were seen as brash for wearing excessive makeup, drinking, treating sex in a casual
manner, smoking, driving automobiles, and otherwise flouting social and sexual norms.[1] Flappers had
their origins in the liberal period of the Roaring Twenties, the social, political turbulence and increased
transatlantic cultural exchange that followed the end of World War I, as well as the export
of American jazz culture to Europe.
Lillian Gish
Movie Star