Chapter 10
Urban, urban origions,
urbanization
10.01 The condition in which the population of
the largest city in an urban system is
disproportionately large in relation to the
second- and third-largest cities in that system is
called:
1. centrality
2. primacy
3. counterurbanization
4. overurbanization
5. reurbanization
10.01 The condition in which the population of the largest city in an
urban system is disproportionately large in relation to the secondand third-largest cities in that system is called:
1. centrality
2. primacy
3. counterurbanization
4. overurbanization
5. reurbanization
Explanation: According to the rank-size rule, the largest city in an
urban system should have a population twice that of the secondlargest city. When the largest city is much larger, such as Buenos
Aires in Argentina—which is ten times the size of the second largest
city—the condition is known as primacy and the city as a primate
city.
10.02 A city that serves as a link between one
country or region and others because of its
physical situation is called a:
1. colonial city
2. primate city
3. world city
4. gateway city
5. shock city
10.02 A city that serves as a link between one
country or region and others because of its
physical situation is called a:
1. colonial city
2. primate city
3. world city
4. gateway city
5. shock city
10.03 Which of these is one of the four
fundamental aspects of the role of towns and
cities in human economic and social
organization?
1. mobilizing function
2. decision-making capacity
3. generative functions
4. transformative capacity
5. all of the above
10.03 Which of these is one of the four fundamental
aspects of the role of towns and cities in human
economic and social organization?
1. mobilizing function
2. decision-making capacity
3. generative functions
4. transformative capacity
5. all of the above
Explanation: All of these factors make towns and cities
essential elements in human economic and social
organization.
10.04 In broad terms, the first independent
urbanism, or growth of cities, began in
Mesopotamia and the Nile valley at about what
time?
1. 7000 BC
2. 3500 BC
3. 100 AD
4. 800 AD
5. 1300 AD
10.04 In broad terms, the first independent urbanism, or
growth of cities, began in Mesopotamia and the Nile
valley at about what time?
1. 7000 BC
2. 3500 BC
3. 100 AD
4. 800 AD
5. 1300 AD
Explanation: Mesopotamian cities, such as Ur, and
Egyptian cities, such as Thebes, were formed around
this time or shortly thereafter.
10.05 Which of these cities began as an
ecclesiastical or university center?
1. Canterbury and Cambridge
2. Urbino and Bellinzona
3. Cologne and Mainz
4. Falkland and Toulouse
5. all of the above
10.05 Which of these cities began as an ecclesiastical or
university center?
1. Canterbury and Cambridge
2. Urbino and Bellinzona
3. Cologne and Mainz
4. Falkland and Toulouse
5. all of the above
Explanation: Canterbury began as an ecclesiastical
center, while Cambridge owes its origins to its university.
The other towns began as defensive strongholds or as
administrative centers.
10.06 Which of these regions has the highest
percentage of its population living in urban
areas?
1. South Asia
2. East Asia
3. Australia
4. Africa
5. Eastern Europe
10.06 Which of these regions has the highest
percentage of its population living in urban areas?
1. South Asia
2. East Asia
3. Australia
4. Africa
5. Eastern Europe
10.07 A city in which a disproportionate part of
the world’s most important business is
conducted is called a:
1. shock city
2. gateway city
3. colonial city
4. world city
5. megacity
10.07 A city in which a disproportionate part of the
world’s most important business is conducted is called a:
1. shock city
2. gateway city
3. colonial city
4. world city
5. megacity
Explanation: Some world cities today are New York,
London, and Singapore.
10.08 In which of these regions is the urban
population annual growth rate the greatest?
1. Western Europe
2. Eastern Europe
3. Russia
4. North America
5. Africa
10.08 In which of these regions is the urban population
annual growth rate the greatest?
1. Western Europe
2. Eastern Europe
3. Russia
4. North America
5. Africa
10.09 In which of these regions is more than
20% of the urban population living in cities of 5
million or more people?
1. North America
2. Africa
3. Oceania (includes Australia)
4. Europe
5. Asia
10.09 In which of these regions is more than 20% of the urban
population living in cities of 5 million or more people?
1. North America
2. Africa
3. Oceania (includes Australia)
4. Europe
5. Asia
10.10 In 1980, and in projections for 2010, which
of these cities is the world’s largest in terms of
population?
1. New York
2. Tokyo
3. London
4. Mexico City
5. Shanghai
10.10 In 1980, and in projections for 2010, which of
these cities is the world’s largest in terms of population?
1. New York
2. Tokyo
3. London
4. Mexico City
5. Shanghai
Explanation: Tokyo is, and is expected to remain, the
world’s largest city, with a population of 28.5 million in
1980 and an estimated population of 35.8 million in
2010.
10.11 The growth of population in metropolitan
central cores, following a period of decline in
population, is known as:
1. counterurbanization
2. reurbanization
3. splintering urbanism
4. deindustrialization
5. overurbanization
10.11 The growth of population in metropolitan central
cores, following a period of decline in population, is
known as:
1. counterurbanization
2. reurbanization
3. splintering urbanism
4. deindustrialization
5. overurbanization
Explanation: This trend is being driven by both new
immigrants moving into urban areas, and by “Baby
Boomers” seeking urban, rather than suburban,
lifestyles.