The four most important Antarctic explorers were
probably
Roald Amundsen, Sir Ernest Shackleton, Robert Falcon
Scott,
and Richard E. Byrd. But probably the most famous
explorer of them all is Sir Ernest Shackleton. He was born
on February 17, 1874, and died on January 25, 1922, on
South Georgia Island. When he went to Antarctica for the
first time in 1901-1902 with Robert Falcon Scott , almost
no one had gone there before. He made another trip to
Antarctica in 1907-1909.
In December 1911, the first trip to the South Pole was
made.
It was done by a Norwegian scientist, Roald Amundsen,
who lived from 1872 to 1928. He was the first person to
make it back all the way to his home.
Other scientists could not make it back, and would die
on their way either back to their ship or on their way
back to their homes.
It was surprising to all the people that he made it back
Old Antarctic clothing main purpose was to be
weatherproof and easy to move around in. A
major problem with these clothes was that they
did not allow any moisture to escape. The
problem was that they did not allow any
moisture to escape.
Captain Robert Scott's expedition to the South
Pole in 1911-1912 gave useful info about
appropriate clothing for Antarctica. Scott was
protected from the weather but no moisture
could escape from their clothes. They couldn't
remove any clothing without exposing parts of
themselves, like their hands, to the
ice/snow/wind. This was dangerous because it
was easy to develop frostbite.
These days, most people in Antarctica keep
warm by layering their clothes. Layering keeps
them warm and allows them to take off some
clothes if they are too hot.
Roald Amundsen,
Sir Ernest Shackleton,
Robert Falcon Scott,
Richard E. Byrd.
Douglas Mawson
Frank Bickerton
Old Antarctic clothing main purpose was
to be weatherproof and easy to move
around in. A major problem with these
clothes was that they did not allow any
moisture to escape. The problem was that
they did not allow any moisture to
escape.
In 1911, a British trip was led by Robert Falcon Scott. He
reached the South Pole five weeks after Mr Amundsen.
Instead of using Normal materials, like down parkas and
other Antarctic winter equipment, they used wool. Wool is
not a very heavy material.
When Scott and his crew were leaving and hiking back to
their ship, wearing wool, they stopped for a break about a
mile from their ship. It was so cold that they froze to death.
Scott was born in 1868 and died in 1912, the year after he
went there.
Mr Scott's team died on there way back to their ship because
they were wearing
wool instead of heavy down parkas. Amundsen's team wore
heavy down parkas
and made it back to their homes.
It was a very long and difficult journey, and it took them
almost two years to do it.
They were travelling by foot, on sled, and in their ships for
over 2000 miles!
Sir Ernest Shackleton. He was born on February
17, 1874, and died on January 25, 1922, on South
Georgia Island. When he went to Antarctica for the
first time in 1901-1902 with Robert Falcon Scott ,
almost no one had gone there before. He made
another trip to Antarctica in 1907-1909.
Ernest Shackleton was a famous British Antarctic explorer.
In 1908, Shackleton led his first expedition to Antarctica on
the 'Nimrod' and established a base camp at Cape Royds.
By November 1908, Shackleton and his team had
discovered and climbed the Beadmore Glacier. Mr
Shackleton and his men reached further south than
anyone else before them. Although they were only 180
kilometres from the South Pole, they were forced back by
starvation and terrible weather. Nonetheless, Mr
Shackleton and his team had walked 2,736 kilometres
across the coldest place on Earth. Mr Shackleton was
made famous for his efforts and was knighted by King
Edward the 7th of England.
Frank Bickerton is largely unknown despite his prominent role in
several daring expeditions in the early part of the 20th century.
Bickerton moved to Plymouth as a child in 1895 after his father
drowned at Torcross. His mother died shortly afterwards, but he
continued to live in the city until 1920. Bickerton accompanied Sir
Douglas Mawson's
Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-14) as
engineer and was responsible for the pioneering use of an aeroplane
and wireless telegraphy in the Antarctic.
He also led a three-man sledging expedition which discovered the first
meteorite to be found in the Antarctic.
Bickerton was awarded the prestigious Polar Medal in silver and was
subsequently recruited by Sir Ernest Shackleton for the ill-fated
Endurance expedition. Although he was involved in the preparatory
testing work for this expedition, he eventually decided to fight on the
Western Front - first as a trenches officer and then as an observer and
fighter pilot with the Royal Flying Corps.
He shot down two German aircraft and was credited as being one of the
first men to demonstrate that the Sopwith Camel could be
flown as a night fighter.
Bickerton later farmed in Newfoundland and Africa; led a safari in
Africa; helped to found one of California's most prestigious golf clubs
and fought with distinction with the RAF during World War II.
Frank Bickerton died in Wales in 1954.
http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215022/explorers.htm
http://www.newzeal.com/antarctic/people/famouslist.htm
http://www.south-pole.com/p0000107.htm
http://www.ecophotoexplorers.com/antarctica_explorers.as
http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/discovering/famous/
frank_bickerton.shtml
www.google.com