Canada’s
Landform
Regions
Landform Region Map
Appalachian Mountains
• This region covers most of
Atlantic Canada – New
Brunswick, Nova Scotia,
PEI and Newfoundland.
Appalachian Mountains
• It is thought they were
formed about 375 million
years ago
• These mountains have
been worn down by ice
and water over the years.
Their typical height is
1000 m.
• The vegetation is a mix of
coniferous and deciduous
forest.
Great Lakes – St. Lawrence
Lowlands
• The Lowlands stretch from
southwestern Ontario along
the Great Lakes and the St.
Lawrence River to the
mouth of the Saguenay
River in Quebec.
• This is Canada’s largest
geographical area
Great Lakes – St. Lawrence
Lowlands
The city of Montreal
•
The city of Toronto
Great Lakes – St. Lawrence
Lowlands
• Farmers grow grapes, peaches, pears and other fruits
Farmland near Toronto
Canadian Shield
• This region is mostly covered with coniferous forests
with a few areas suited for agriculture.
• Covers Central Canada: Saskatchewan, Manitoba,
Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, the Northwest Territories,
and Nunavut.
Canadian Shield
• The rocks of the
Canadian Shield are
about four billion
years old.
• Notice the scratches
in the rock
• They were caused by
glaciers
Canadian Shield
• Boulder field in the Northwest
Territories
• More evidence of glaciers
Canadian Shield
• A boulder in
the Northwest
Territories
• It was
deposited here
by a retreating
glacier
Hudson Bay Lowlands
• The Hudson Bay Lowlands region is a low area
within the Shield
• This area has swamp forests.
• The Lowlands are located in northern Ontario
and Manitoba.
Hudson Bay Lowlands
Hudson Bay Lowlands
Hudson Bay Lowlands
• A forested bog outside Gilliam, Manitoba
Interior Plains
• Is located between the
Shield and the Western
Cordillera
• In parts of the Plains, the
soil is more than 25 cm
deep, which is black earth.
This is ideal for growing
wheat.
Interior Plains
•The Plains cover most
of Alberta, and large
sections of
Saskatchewan,
Manitoba, and the
Northwest Territories.
•
The meandering Red River in Southern Manitoba
Interior Plains
•
The Cypress Hills in Southern Saskatchewan
Interior Plains
•
•
The Qu’Appelle Valley in Southern Saskatchewan
A rare change from the flat landscape in this region
Western Cordillera
•This region is made up
mountain ranges – The
Coast Mountains, the
Columbia Mountains, and
the Rocky Mountains,
separated by plateaus.
•The height of many of
these mountains reaches
over 3000 m.
•This region includes
British Columbia, Yukon
Territory, and part of
Alberta.
•
If you looks carefully, you will also see
glaciers
Western Cordillera
• One of the
large glaciers
found in the
Yukon
Western Cordillera
• A glacier-fed lake in
Jasper National Park
in Alberta
Western Cordillera
• Jasper National Park
• The valley is Ushaped because it
was carved by a
glacier, not the river
you see here
Western Cordillera
• The Coast
Mountains provide
a dramatic
backdrop in this
picture of North
Vancouver, BC
Arctic Lowlands
• Most of the Arctic Lowlands are located in
Nunavut.
• A short growing season allows for only
sparse vegetation of lichens and moss.
Arctic Lowlands
• This is a region of
tundra, a treeless plain,
with a cold, dry climate
and poorly drained soil.
Innuitian Mountains
• In
the Far North, the
Innuition Mountains
have rugged peaks
that rise over 2000 m
with steep sided
valleys.
•
The dramatic cliffs of Ellesmere Island,
Nunavut
Innuitian Mountains
• This area is too
cold for trees to
survive.
•
A glacier and its melt water on
Ellesmere Island, Nunavut
Innuitian Mountains
• Red rocks and barren
landscape on Melville
Island
• Melville Island is
divided between
Nunavut and the
Northwest Territories