MST Proprietary – Company Confidential
Presentation to Jerusalem Conference 2013
10 Oppenheimer St. Rehovot Science Park, Rehovot 76701. Israel
Office: +972-8-9314606 Website: www. mst-ren.com
MST Proprietary – Company Confidential
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The CPV Wakeup
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CPV Power
tracker
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The Technology – Power block
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What is CPV
 CPV is the technology that uses MJ (multi junction) solar cells
that were originally developed for space application and
concentrated light to reduce the size of the solar cells and thus
reduce cost.
 The industrial MJ solar cells have today an efficiency of 40% and
will reach in about 3 years an efficiency of 45%. In the more
distant future the MJ cells will reach an efficiency of 50%.
 The increase in efficiency of the cells is of great interest because
it reduces proportionally the cost of the CPV system.
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What is CPV
 The light concentration of present systems varies between 500 and 1000
suns. The size of the lenses varies from 30x30 cm to 5x5 cm.
 The high concentration requires accurate tracking of the sun, normally
better than 0.1 deg.
 The tracker is a critical element in the CPV system, because degradation of
tracking will reduce strongly the efficiency of the system.
 The tracker becomes also a significant cost item and its MTBF is critical.
(Mean Time Between Failures)
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CPV Technology
The following are the basics of CPV (Concentrated PV)
Reducing the cell area by replacing expensive semiconductor material
with low cost GLASS lenses.
Employing highly efficient solar cells instead of regular Si solar cells
(40% instead of 20%).
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The Technology – Power Element
Refractive secondary optics.
Novel optical design which yields a >1º acceptance angle.
Special optical bonding.
Integrated solar cell receiver (bypass diode and terminals).
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Resource available to CPV
 Light energy is comprised of two elements: DNI (Direct Normal
Irradiation) and diffusive.
 The resource available to CPV is only the DNI.
 The DNI contains about 80% of the available light energy.
 However, because CPV tracks the sun, it captures all the DNI
available, in contrast to PV fixed systems that capture only part of it.
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Resource available to PV
Silicon PV captures only the normal component of the DNI
and the diffusive light.
 Thus, about 25%-30% of the DNI is lost for fixed latitude
tilted silicon PV systems because of cosine losses.
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Other differences: CPV vs PV
 There are two other major parameters that make a difference
in efficiency between silicon and MJ/CPV systems:
Temperature and Aging
 The typical efficiency reduction of Silicon due to cell
temperature is 0.38%/degK.
 The typical efficiency loss figure for MJ cells is 0.06%/degK
 The efficiency decay over time is comparable
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CPV advantage over PV
From above it is obvious that the CPV has advantage over Fixed
Tilt PV in hot areas, and due to the fact that CPV is tracking the
sun
The following are 5 typical locations where CPV has advantage
over Fixed Tilt PV.
The resource information is from NASA Data Base that collected
the data over a period of 22 years.
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Dimona
Dimona Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
1
2
3
CPV
4
PV Tilted
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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Dimona
Dimona Monthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)
160.0%
140.0%
120.0%
100.0%
80.0%
60.0%
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
1
2
3
TPV/PV Ratio
4
5
Yearly average
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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DeAar, South Africa
DeAar Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
1
2
3
CPV
4
PV Tilted
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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DeAar, South Africa
DeAar Monthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)
140.0%
130.0%
120.0%
110.0%
100.0%
90.0%
80.0%
70.0%
60.0%
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
1
2
3
CPV/PV Ratio
4
5
Yearly average
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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Tibet Plateau
Tibet Plateau Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
1
2
3
CPV
4
PV Tilted
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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Tibet Plateau
Tibet Plateau Monthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)
150.0%
140.0%
130.0%
120.0%
110.0%
100.0%
90.0%
80.0%
1
2
3
CPV/PV Ratio
4
5
Yearly average
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
Hohhot Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
1
2
3
CPV
4
PV Tilted
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
Hohhot Monthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)
150.0%
140.0%
130.0%
120.0%
110.0%
100.0%
90.0%
80.0%
1
2
3
CPV/PV Ratio
4
5
Yearly average
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
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Alice Springs. Australia
TPV/PV =125.4%
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Summing Up
For a DNI of about 2200 kwh/msq/y
the CPV produced energy has an advantage of 20%-23.6%
For a DNI of about 2600 kwh/msq/y
the CPV produced energy has an advantage of about 26%
For a DNI of about 2700 kwh/msq/y
the CPV produced energy has an advantage of about 30%.
The higher the DNI, the larger the advantage of CPV
over Fixed Tilt PV
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Global Solar Irradiance
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Global Solar Irradiance
The following regions are the most favorable for CPV:
South West US, North Mexico,
Chile, North Argentina,
South Africa,
Tibet Plateau, Inner Mongolia,
 Australia,
North Africa
Middle East countries including Israel.
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CPV vs Tilted PV Land Use
CPV requires an area of 8,000msq/MW up to 12,000msq/MW.
Tilted PV requires 20,000 to 40,000 msq/MW
CSP (Thermal Concentrating systems) requires 35,000 msq/MW.
CPV can be installed on hilly areas because it is mounted on a
pole.
PV requires flat areas.
Land is always a rare commodity, and should be used sparingly.
For large installations at the level of a country, a low land area
requirement is a major benefit.
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Additional advantages of CPV
Dual use of land
Lower soiling
Higher productivity. CPV produces 2.6 times more energy per unit
land area than Fixed Tilt PV
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Cost effectiveness of CPV
The CPV systems have reached the stage that large turnkey
solar plants can be sold at a price of $2500/KW.
High quality fixed tilt PV systems are now sold for a price of
about $2000/KW. Having an advantage of 20%-30%, the CPV
installations are as cost effective as the PV systems.
Taking into account the additional advantages of the CPV, it
becomes the system of choice in desert areas and high altitude
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Cost effectiveness of CPV
Moreover, as the efficiency of MJ solar cells increases,
the cost and therefore the price of CPV installations will
reduce proportionally. In addition, as the installation
capacity of CPV increases, the price of components will
decrease as well.
In view of above, we can easily anticipate a reduction of
25% in CPV price in the next 5 years to a price below
$2000/KW. At that stage CPV will be the most cost
effective solar system technology to install in the
relevant territories.
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The CPV demand
The customers learned to appreciate the CPV advantages,
and there is a raising demand world wide to this technology.
The status is that there is a handful of companies that can
supply utility size systems.
Therefore, CPV systems are in high demand and this is
growing
In view of the vast land areas that comply with CPV
capability, this demand will be growing
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The MST CPV Business Model
MST has anticipated the status of CPV and its demand and
followed the following steps:
Developed a high efficiency low cost system
Developed a reliable, low cost, low maintenance cost, high
accuracy tracker that supports the system.
Developed with Kuka and Ortech a Production Line that
allows implementing the technology by anyone who
desires acquiring it.
The Production Line capacity is 75MW/year with 3 shifts.
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Technology licensing Content
 Lines hardware and software.
 Installation and supervision.
 Engineering support.
 Ramp up.
 Training.
 Documentation.
 Technology upgrades.
 Financing.
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The MST CPV Business Model
MST offers its customers complete packages as follows:
Licensing the CPV technology
Turnkey installation of Production Lines to build solar
plants near the area of deployment
Training of personnel to operate the Production Lines.
MST is the only company that proposes such packages.
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