ssush 11-12
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My Notes Fill – In Gaps in Your Notes with Mine SSUSH 11 Cues/ Questions Impact of Railroads Notes • • Railroads = single largest business in the US Changed business practices forever • Accounting • Organization • Capital • Immigrant Labor • German & Irish laborers from East to West • Chinese laborers from West to East • Development of the West • Fed Govt granted land to Rail Co. • Rail Co. could sell land for oil production Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 11 Cues/ Questions Notes • Trusts + Monopolies • • Monopoly = company owning most of their competitors • No room for competition • No room for fair wage / prices Trust = Company designed to be in compliance with AntiMonopoly laws • Trust ‘manages’ finances for legally ‘independent’ companies John D. Rockefeller (1839 – 1937) • 1863 – Rockefeller entered the Oil Refining Business • Kerosene • Standard Oil – 1870 • 1879 owned 90% of all Refineries Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 11 Cues/ Questions Trusts + Monopolies Notes • Andrew Carnegie – Steel • Cornelius Vanderbilt & Jay Gould – Railroads • J.P. Morgan – Banking + Finance Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 11 Cues/ Questions Electricity Notes • Thomas Edison • Invented • Electric light bulb • Motion picture camera • Phonograph • Power Grid • Industrial research Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 12 Cues/ Questions Notes • New Immigrants • 1776-1880 • Most immigrants from Western Europe • England • Ireland • Scotland • Germany Beginning 1880s • New Immigrants • Eastern + Southern Europe • Italy • Greece • Slavonic Countries • Mid-East • Poland • Russia Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 12 Cues/ Questions New Immigrants Notes • Ellis Island – immigration processing center • NY • Angel Island – immigration processing center • California • Processing • 3-7 hours • 29 Questions • $25 fee • Name Change in some cases Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 12 Cues/ Questions New Immigrants Notes • Immigrants • Overcrowding led to nativism & crime • Increased demand for agricultural goods • Low-wage labor available to exploit • Cultural gains • Opera • Polka • Pasta • Hamburgers • Frankfurters • kindergarten Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 12 Cues/ Questions Rise of Organized Labor (Unions) Notes • Union = group of workers in an industry or profession who agree to collectively bargain • AFL – American Federation of Labor • Samuel Gompers • Not a Socialist / Communist • Against Striking (in general) • Very Effective Strategies until the G Depression Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 12 Cues/ Questions Rise of Organized Labor (Unions) Notes • Pullman Strike • 1893 • Pullman Place Car Company • Cut Wages • Raised Rents • ARU = American Railway Union • Pres Eugene Debs • President Grover Cleveland = Broke Strike using Military • Debs arrested Summarize @ Each Page Ending SSUSH 12 Cues/ Questions Notes • Battle of Little Big Horn • Sitting Bull – Lakota • George Custer – US • Custer attacks natives • Natives encircle & slaughter US troops • Sitting Bull • Ghost Dance • Shot for refusing to stop dance • Wounded Knee • Sitting Bull’s followers retreat to sacred territory • Massacred by US Army Westward Expansion Summarize @ Each Page Ending
