Collaborative Possibilities for CalWater2
James Campbell
Naval Research Laboratory
Monterey, CA
23 April 2014
NRL Monterey Aerosol Group Members and Expertise
Anthony Bucholtz
James R. Campbell
Cynthia A. Curtis
Edward J. Hyer
Elizabeth A. Reid
Jeffrey S. Reid
Annette L. Walker
Douglas L. Westphal
Radiative measurements, tactical decision aids
Cloud and aerosol Lidar
Products, distribution, transitions
Satellite data quality, biomass burning
Field deployments, data analysis
Aerosol microphysics, radiation and observability
Global dust sources, operators
Global and regional aerosol modeling
Coastal Facility for Atmospheric Research (CFAR)
Purpose:
• Operational testing of NRL-MRY's atmospheric
instrument suites prior to deployment.
• Long-term measurements in a coastal marine
environment for model validation.
• Reference 'standards' for validation and
calibration of field instruments.
CFAR Rooftop Observation Deck
‘First Light’ on 29Dec2013
NREL site
Coastal Facility for Atmospheric Research (CFAR)
Instrumentation
- MPLNet Lidar
- Time-height distribution of:
- aerosols and clouds
- aerosol optical depth (estimate)
- 523 nm eye-safe lidar; night and day
- Polarization-sensitive (pending)
- Weather Stations, IR Hygrometer/CO2,
and Visiometer
- Surface met conditions
- Lateral Visibility
- Gas Monitors (Ozone and SO2)
- Mass concentrations
- AERONET Sun Photometer
- Aerosol particle sizing
- Aerosol Optical Depth: 340, 380, 440,
- Aerosol size distribution and
500, 675, 870, 940, and 1020 nm
concentration at surface
- High daytime temporal resolution
- Aerosol Particle Samplers
- Potentially multiple instruments
- Mass concentrations and physical
- Solar/IR/UV Radiometers
properties
- Total, Direct, Diffuse Solar Radiation
- Aerosol Particle Scattering and Absorption
at surface
- Downwelling IR irradiance at surface
- Downwelling UV at surface
All instrumentation is deployable
- Ceilometer
- Cloud base heights
CFAR Lidar Profiling of Asian Dust
Instrument will become polarization-sensitive in FY15
Still, without depolarization, dust scattering is very distinct in lidar measurements
Aerosol/Cloud Airborne Measurement Capability
Utilization of CIRPAS Aircraft
* Run by NPS in partnership with Cal Tech
Development of Stabilized
Platform/Radiometer Package
* Full complement of instrumentation to
support atmospheric and oceanographic
research:
- Met: T, P, RH, dropsondes
- Cloud/Aerosol: size, concentration,
composition
- Radiation (in development): up and
downwelling solar/IR flux, AOD
• Eliminates one of the biggest sources
of error and the most time-consuming
data reduction step in airborne
radiometer measurements
• Platform level to within +/- 0.02 deg
CIRPAS Twin Otter
Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS)
The U.S. Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) is an
operational global aerosol transport model used to forecast visibility
conditions for fleet operations and motivate basic research.
http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol
6-day forecasts every 6 hours of
global sulfate, SO2, dust, smoke
and sea-salt mass concentrations.
Grid: .33°x.33° degree; 25 sigma
levels to 100 mb
NAAPS Support and Source Product Development
FLAMBÉ: Global Fire Emissions in Near Real Time
• Active Fire detections from NASA/Geostationary Satellites
• 4,000/day from MODIS-Terra
• 8,000/day from MODIS-Aqua
• Hourly estimates of carbon, trace gas, and particulate emissions
• Reid, J. S. et al.: Global Monitoring and Forecasting of Biomass-Burning Smoke:
Description of and Lessons from the Fire Locating and Modeling of Burning Emissions
(FLAMBE) Program, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and
Remote Sensing, 2, 144-162, 2009.
• Hyer, E. J., and Chew, B. N.: Aerosol transport model evaluation of an extreme smoke
episode in Southeast Asia, Atmos. Environ., 44, 1422-1427, 2010.
NRL Monterey Dust Source Database
• Using Machine Learning to identify active global dust sources at
1 km2 resolution
• Combined MODIS and multi-spectral geostationary algorithms
used to identify active dust regions
•
Walker, A. L., M. Liu, S. D. Miller, K. A. Richardson, and D. L.
Westphal (2009), Development of a dust source database for
mesoscale forecasting in southwest Asia, J. Geophys. Res.,
114, D18207, doi:10.1029/2008JD011541.
International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction:
Formalizing the Aerosol Prediction Community
•
After an initial 2010 Monterey meeting, aerosol
forecast system developers meet annually under the
ICAP umbrella.
•
Developers do not officially speak for their lab or
make commitments, but rather gather discuss
problems and best practices.
•
ICAP allows developers to speak as a community and
make scientific recommendations.
•
“Ticket to Ride” is a global aerosol model running at
least quasi operationally or a global satellite data
provider.
•
Current model members: BSC, ECMWF, JMA, NASA
GMAO, NOAA NCEP, NRL, UKMO
•
ICAP has made significant headway in convincing
international agencies to expend resources on
aerosol forecasting problems.
EUMETSAT