Competiton for resources
Praveen Jha,
Center for Economic Studies and Planning
Jawaharlal Nehru University
New Delhi
IDEAs Conference Muttukadu 2012
Land under Investor Claim 2004-Early 2009 (Approved Projects Only)
Ethiopia
Total
land 602,760*
Ghana
Madagascar
Mali
Sudan
Total
452,000*
803,414*
162,850*
471,660*
2,492,684*
3*
6*
7*
11*
184*
400,000
452,500
100,000
109,200
30,000,000*
79,829,524*
291,988,688*
439,600,000*
allocated (ha)
No. of projects 157
approved (over
1000 ha)
Largest
land 150,000
allocation (ha)
Total Investment 78,563,023*
commitments
(US$)
Data source: Country Studies; * denotes incomplete data
919,981,235*
Based on Media reports: Overseas Land Investments to Secure Food Supplies, 2006-09
a. Government to Government
Target Country
Investor Country
Nature of Deal
Democratic Republic of Congo
China (ZTE International)
2.8 million hectare secured for biofuel oil
palm plantation
Ethiopia
India
US $4 billion invested in agriculture,
flower growing, and sugar estates
Kenya
Qatar
40,000 hectare leased for fruit and
vegetable cultivation in exchange for
funding US $ 2.3 billion
Malawi
Libya
Mali
Mozambique
Unknown area of farmland
100,000 hectare secured for rice
China
US $ 800 million investment to expand
rice production from 100,000 to 500,000
metric tons; political opposition to deal
Sudan
Egypt
Land secured to grow 2 million tons of
wheat annually
Continued….
Sudan
Jordan
25,000 hectare secured for livestock and
crops
Sudan
Kuwait
“Giant” strategic partnership; no further
information
Sudan
Qatar
Joint holding company set up to invest in
agriculture
Sudan
South Korea
690,000 hectare secured for wheat
Sudan
United Arab Emirates (UAE)
378,000hectare secured by UAE
Sudan
UAE (Abu Dhabi Fund for Development)
30,000 hectare secured for corn, alfalfa,
and possibly wheat, potatoes and beans
Tanzania
Saudi Arabia
500,000 hectare requested for lease
Tanzania
China (Chongqing Seed Corp)
300 hectare secured for rice
Zambia
China
2 million hectare requested for jatropha
(biofuel)
Cambodia
Kuwait
Land leased for rice
Continued….
Cambodia
Vietnam
100,000 hectare secured for rubber
Indonesia
Saudi Arabia (Bin Laden Group)
Saudi Arabia (Bin Laden Group)
Laos
Vietnam
100,000 hectare secured for rubber
Pakistan
UAE (Abraaj Capital)
324,000 hectare purchased
Philippines
Bahrain
10,000 hectare secured foragrofishery
Philippines
China (Company unknown)
1.24 million hectare; deal put on hold
Philippines
Qatar
100,000 hectare leased
Turkey
Bahrain (Agricapital)
US$500 million agricultural project; may
rise to US$3-$6 billion
Ukrain
Libya
Source: http://ifpriblog.org/2009/04/24/landgrab.aspx
247,000 acres or hectares secured
Government to Private Sector
Target Country
Investor Country
Nature of Deal
Angola
Lonrho (UK)
25,000 hectare leased for rice. Lonrho is
negotiating for a further 125,000 hectare
in Mali and Malawi
Democratic Republic of Congo
Agriculture South Africa (South Africa)
10 million hectares offered to farmers’
union
Ethiopia
Unknown private Investors (Saudi Arabia) Land leased in exchange for US$100
million investment
Madagascar
Daewoo (South Korea)
1.3 million hectare secured for maize
Nigeria
Trans4mation Agritech Ltd (UK)
10,000 hectare secured
Sudan
Jarch Capital (USA)
400,000 hectare in Southern Sudan with
local army commander
Source: http://ifpriblog.org/2009/04/24/landgrab.aspx
Private Sector to Private sector
Target Country
Investor Country
East Africa Agribusiness (Ethiopia)
Dubai World Trading Company 5,000 hectare secured in joint
Khorol Zerno (Russia)
Nature of Deal
(UAE)
venture for Tea
Hyundai (South Korea)
10,000 hectare secured in company
takeover; Hyundai has plans to
purchase another 40,000 hectare in
Russia by 2012
Source: http://ifpriblog.org/2009/04/24/landgrab.aspx
Government to unknown (Private)
Target Country
Investor Country
Nature of Deal
Cameroon
Unknown company (China)
10,000 hectares secured for rice production
Egypt
Jenat (Saudi Arabia)
10,000 hectares secured for barley, wheat, and
livestock feed
Ethiopia
Flora EcoPower Germany
13,000 hectares secured for biofuel crops;
contract farming arrangement
Ethiopia
Sun Biofuels (UK)
Land secured for jetropha (biofuel )
Mozambique
Skebab (Sweden)
100,000 hectares secured for biofuel crops
Mozambique
Sun Biofuels (UK)
Land secured for jetropha (biofuel)
Tanzania
CAMS Group (UK)
45,000 hectares purchased for sweet sorghum
(biofuel)
Tanzania
Sun Biofuels (UK)
5,500 hectare secured for jetropha (biofuel)
China
Goldman Sachs (USA)
10 poultry farm purchased for US$300 million
and pig farms purchased for between $150
and $200 million
Continued….
Brazil
Mitsui (Japan)
100,000 hectares secured for soybeans
Ukrain
Morgan Stanley (USA)
40,000 hectare purchased
Ukrain
Landkom (UK)
100,000 hectare leased
Russia
Alpcot Agro (Sweden)
128,000 hectare secured
Russia
Trigon (Denmark)
100,000 hectare secured
Russia
Black Earth Farming (Sweden)
331,000
subsidiaries
Source: . http://ifpriblog.org/2009/04/24/landgrab.aspx
hectare
secured
under
Land Acquisition in Asian Countries
Target Country
Investor Country
Nature of Deal
Cambodia
Kuwait
Land leased for rice
Cambodia
Vietnam
100,000 hectare secured for rubber
Indonesia
Saudi Arabia (Bin Laden Group)
Saudi Arabia (Bin Laden Group)
Laos
Vietnam
100,000 hectare secured for rubber
Pakistan
UAE (Abraaj Capital)
324,000 hectare purchased
Philippines
Bahrain
10,000 hectare secured for agro-fishery
Philippines
China (Company unknown)
1.24 million hectare; deal put on hold
Philippines
Qatar
100,000 hectare leased
Turkey
Bahrain (Agricapital)
US$500 million agricultural project; may rise
to US$3-$6 billion
Ukraine
Libya
Source: . http://ifpriblog.org/2009/04/24/landgrab.aspx
98,800 hectares leassed
A Profile of land Acquisition by India
Investor Name/
Company Name
Region/Country
Investment Type
Land Transfer
(Area in Hacters)
Ruchi Soya Industries
Gambella and Benishangul
Gumaz States (Ethiopia)
Soybean, Bio-fuel seeds
152,649
White Field
SNNPR (Ethiopia)
Cotton
10,000
BHO
Gambella (Ethiopia)
Edible oil Crops, Bio-fuel
seeds
27000
Sannati
Dimi District in Gambella
(Ethiopia)
Rice
10000
Verdanta
Gambella (Ethiopia)
Tea and spice plantations
5,000
Shamporji
B/Gumuz (Ethiopia)
Pongamia (Bio fuel)
50,000
CLC (Spentex)
B/Gumuz & Amara (Ethiopia)
Cotton
25000
Karuturi Agro Products PLC
Gambella (Ethiopia)
Palm cereals, rice & Sugar
cane
340,000
Offer to Indian Firms
Senegal
Group of Punjabi Farmers
Ethiopia
148,263
Rice
100,000
Continued…
Karuturi Agro Products PLC
Varun Agro Ltd.
Jikao and Itang Districts of
Gambella (Ethiopia)
Madagascar
(Sofia Region)
Yes Bank
Tanzania
KS Oils
(Kalimathan Region),
Indonesia
Chadha Agro Plc.
(Gugi Zone) Ethiopia
Sterling Group
Argentina
Olam International
Gabon
Olam International
Uruguay
Olam Interational
Argentina
Solvent Extractors
Latin america
Uttam Surotech
Ethiopia
Wheat, Palm, Pulses, Cut 300,000
Roses.
Rice, Corn and Pulses.
232,000
Rice and Wheat
30,000-500,000
Palm Plantation
(130,965 + 210,039)
Sugar Project
100,000
Olive and Peanuts farming
2,000+17,000
Palm Oil
300,000
Dairy Farming
16,000
Peanuts
17,000
Soybean
Planning acquire land
Sugar Factory
US$ 100 million contracts
Continued…
Shree Renuka Sugars
Brazil
McLeod Russel India
Uganda
ACIL Cotton Industries
Brazil, Congo and Ethiopia
MNTC Ltd (state-owned)
Kenya and Tanzania
Sugarcane production
18,000+115,000
Purchased Tea Plantations
US$ 25 million
Announced plans to invest
US$ 15 million
Jay Shree Tea & Industries
Plans to (as of Oct 2010) grow
pulses.
Africa, Brazil, Argentina, Plans to (as of Oct. 2010) set
Indonesia and Malaysia
up farms to cultivate edible oil
and pulses.
Ethiopia
Leased land for floriculture,
(Oromia Region – in Holetta rice, maize, oilseeds and
and near Bako)
pulses.
Rwanda, Uganda
Leased land for tea plantations
India is offered
Senegal
Neha International
Zambia
Adani Group
Neha International
Processed rice, corn, peanuts 150,000
and cotton
Agricultural development
100,000
Features of Disclosed Contracts with Indian Agricultural Companies Operating in Ethiopia
Company
Location
Crops
Land
(hectares)
BHO Bio Products
Plc.
Gambela Region
Cereal, pulses and
edible oils crops
Karuturi
Agro
Products Plc
Gambela Region
Ruchi Agro Plc
Size
Water
Taxes
Rights to Build
Term
27,000
Company has the
right
to
build
dams,
water
boreholes
and
irrigation systems.
Company has the
“right” to provide
power,
health
clinics,
schools,
etc.
25 years
Palm, cereal and
pulses
100,000 hectares
with rights to
conditionally
acquire
another
200,000 hectares
Company has the
“right” to provide
power,
health
clinics,
schools,
etc.
50 years
Gambela Region
Soya beans
25,000
Company has the
right to use water
from rivers or
ground water, to
build dams, water
boreholes
and
irrigation systems
Company has the
right
to
build
dams,
water
boreholes
and
irrigation systems
Exemptions from
taxes on imports of
capital goods and
from paying taxes
on
repatriated
profits.
Exemptions from
taxes on imports of
capital goods and
from paying taxes
on
repatriated
profits.
Company has the
“right” to provide
power,
health
clinics,
schools,
etc.
25 years
Sannati Agro Farm
Enterprisen
Pvt.
Ltd.
Gambela Regional
State, Agnua Zone,
Dima District
Rice and rotational
pulses and cereal
crops
10,000
Company has the
“right” to provide
power,
health
clinics,
schools,
etc.
25 years
Verdanta Harvests
Plc.
Gambela Regional
State, Mezhender
Zone,
Godere
District
Tea and allied
products (spices)
3012
Exemptions from
taxes on imports of
capital goods and
from paying taxes
on
repatriated
profits.
Exemptions from
taxes on imports of
capital goods and
from paying taxes
on
repatriated
profits.
Exemptions from
taxes on imports of
capital goods and
from paying taxes
on
repatriated
profits.
Company has the
“right” to provide
power,
health
clinics,
schools,
etc.
50 years
Company has the
right
to
build
dams,
water
boreholes
and
irrigation systems