Bret Rush
PBI - Gordon Representative
Indiana & Illinois
Today’s agenda
• * A few things to think about…
• * Weeds & Herbicides.
• * New Formulation Technology
• * Questions ??
2 Ft. of Snow!
It’s coming !!
When do I apply Post-emerge
Herbicides
• The weed must be actively growing in
order to get control.
• Depending of the weed species in your
lawn you may need to make an early
spring application to control overwintering annual and perennial weeds
• Common early spring weeds include:
– Dandelions, Clover, Chickweed, Henbit, and
Mallow
When do I apply?
(cont.)
• Summer is generally not a good time for weed control.
The hot dry conditions of summer causes the weeds to
quit growing in order for the plant to conserve moisture.
Also the turf may be stressed by these conditions.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
These weeds are best controlled with a late spring
application-- not summer:
Knotweed
Spurge
Purslane
Plantains
Oxalis
and others
Broadleaf Herbicides
and how they work
• Different herbicides work well on specific weeds
– 2,4-D has superior control on dandelions and plantain.
– While MCPP (Mecoprop) provides strong clover, chickweed
and black medic control.
– Dicamba has excellent control on knotweed.
When reacted together under the proper conditions, these
three herbicides become stronger and more effect on more
weeds than if use separately or just mixed together.
1. Understand the weeds you
deal with
• Lifecycles
• Perennial
• Annual
– Winter
– Summer
• Biennial (not many in turf)
Perennial Weeds
• Dandelion*
• White clover*
• Broadleaf plantain*
• Creeping Charlie
(Ground Ivy)
• Wild violet
• Mouse-ear chickweed*…
• Best time for control of
perennial weeds?
Fall
Life cycle of an annual weed
Plant
Dead
dies
Seed
Plant
sets
seed
Seedling
Plant
flowers
Life cycle of a winter annual weed
Summer
Dead
Fall
SeedGermination
Plant
sets
seed
Spring
Winter
Winter Annuals
• Common chickweed*
• Henbit
• Common mallow
• Corn speedwell…
• Best time for control
– Fall
Life cycle of a summer annual weed
Plant
Dead
dies
Spring-Summer
Fall
SeedGermination
Plant
sets
seed
Seedling
Plant
flowers
Spring-Summer
Summer Annuals
• Prostrate spurge*
• Prostrate knotweed**
• Black medic
• Yellow woodsorrel
• Common purslane
• Best time for control
– Spring/Early Summer
3. Ester vs. Amine
Ester Formulations (Oil based)
• Faster
• Better in cool weather
• Increased volatility
Amine Formulations (Water Based)
• Slower
• Better in warm weather
• No volatility
High & low volatile esters
• High Volatile Esters
• 2,4-D ethyl ester
• 2,4-D butyl ester
• 2,4-D iso-butyl ester
• Low Volatile Esters
• 2,4-D ethyl hexyl ester
• 2,4-D iso-octyl ester
Amine (Water based)
Trimec on 5-10-2013
Sprayed on 5-4-2013
Soil Temp: 40⁰
Air Temp: 37⁰
Ester (Oil based)
SpeedZone on 5-10-2013
Sprayed on 5-4-2013
Contains Carfentrazone
Soil Temp: 40⁰
Air Temp: 37⁰
Trimec 992 on 5-10-2013
Sprayed on 5-4-2013
(Air Temp: 37⁰F, Soil Temp 40⁰F)
SpeedZone on 5-10-2013
Sprayed on 5-4-2013
Trimec 992 on 5-15-2013
Sprayed on 5-4-2013
SpeedZone on 5-15-2013
Sprayed on 5-4-2013
3 gals./1,000 sq. ft.
1 gal./1,000 sq. ft.
Which applies MORE
herbicide??
SAME RATE:
Per 1,000 Square Feet
??
Call
someone
Follow label directions
Low Volume
1 gallon/1,000 sq. ft.
or 44 gallons/acre
High volume
3 gallon/1,000 sq. ft.
or 132 gallons/acre
Do you use backpacks?
Low volume-flat fan
Higher Volume – Hollow
cone
Flat fan nozzles should only be
held in a stationary position
while spraying.
Attached to a
backpack
sprayer
What happened?
Slide of Spray Techniques Used For Training of Applicators
Glyphosate mis-application
Spray wand turned sideways
“swinging arm motion” resulting
In a zig zag pattern.
Spray wand held correctly,
non-swinging arm motion
providing a flat band pattern
Uniform weed or insect control?
Drying Patterns
Flat fan nozzle
turned sideways
using a
“swinging arm
motion”
Initially the
pattern appears
uniform
Drying Patterns
Over application in
others areas can
result in injury.
Zig Zag pattern
is starting to
show
Uneven pattern- under
application can
result in poor
control
Drying Patterns
Over
Application
As the spraying
pattern continues
to dry, under
application
becomes more
obvious.
Uniform weed or insect control?
Boom sprayer – clogged
nozzles
CALIBRATION
CALIBRATION
CALIBRATION
Calibration
Spray Rate
vs
Spray Volume
RATE: Per 1,000 Square
Feet
Current T-Zone
Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC)
• Solvents & emulsifiers are used in
the EC formulation to allow the
formulation to be mixed with water
& form a temporary emulsion in
the spray tank.
• Thus, the milky white appearance
when mixed.
Why a new TZone
• EPA regulations (of course)
– VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds)
– VOCs are “ozone precursors”
– Regulated under the U.S. Clean Air Act
• T-Zone EC has VOCs typical of other
commercial EC-s in the market.
Suspo-Emulsion Formulation
• A Suspo-Emulsion (SE) is used for a
combination of active ingredients with
very different physical properties in one
formulation. The combination of a
suspended solid active(s) & physically
stabilized emulsified oil active ingredients
in a continuous aqueous phase is defined
as a Suspo-Emulsion.
Solid:
(Sulfentrazone)
T-Zone SE Contains
• Suspended solid: Sulfentrazone
• Oil droplets: Triclopyr ester, 2,4-D ester &
Dicamba
– 2,4-D ester is used as the solvent/emulsifier.
• Water
– Becomes the carrier (solvent)
Oil:
(Triclopyr +
2,4-D +
Dicamba)
Solid:
(Sulfentrazone)
Real World Suspo-Emulsions
Benefits of SE Formulation
• Improved Profile
– Lower VOC
• EPA won’t let PBI claim low VOCs (go
figure)
– No solvent
– Reduced Phyto Potential due to
reduced solvent.
– Less odor
• Same Dependable
Performance
• T-Zone EC vs. TZone SE
– The difference
• “SE” on the label
• The concentrated
product will be
milky white.
T-Zone
(EC formulation)
• Same ai Load as Current TZone
– % ai Slightly Less - Due to the
product being slightly heavier
per gallon.
– Lb. ai/gal is the same. Contains the exact
T-Zone
same amount of
active ingredient
per gallon
Tzone SE and Tzone EC
Comparisons
Tzone SE
Tzone EC
% A.I.
# A.I./Gal
% A.I.
# A.I./Gal
19.44%
1.75
21.18%
1.75
Triclopyr Acid
5.55%
0.50
6.04%
0.50
Dicamba
2.22%
0.20
2.43%
0.20
Sulfentrazone
0.66%
0.06
0.73%
0.06
2,4-D Acid
Specific
Gravity
8.98 #/gal
Water-Based
8.26 #/gal
Oil-Based
Labeled for:
Cool-season turf:
• Kentucky bluegrass
• Ryegrass
• Fescues
Warm-season turf (Dormant
turf only):
• Hybrid bermudagrass
• Common bermudagrass
• Zoysiagrass
• Bahiagrass
Target Weeds – Triclopyr
Weeds
* with a sulfentrazone boost for speed
and yellow nutsedge suppression
2X the Triclopyr per
Acre
Effective control of tough
weeds
Triclopyr active ingredient
Company
Product
Rates
(applied)
Triclopyr a.i./acre
Comparison
PBI-Gordon
T-Zone
3.25 to 4.0 pts/acre
0.20 to 0.25
Nearly 2X more pounds on the ground
NuFarm
4-Speed XT
3.0 to 4.0 pts/acre
0.11 to 0.143
--
NuFarm
Cool Power
2.5 to 3.5 pts/acre
0.09 to 0.131
--
NuFarm
Horse Power
2.0 to 3.0 pts/acre
0.10 to 0.143
--
Helena
Battleship III
3.0 to 4.0 pts/acre
0.10 to 0.135
--
JDL/LESCO
Momentum FX2
3.0 to 4.0 pts/acre
0.10 to 0.135
--
• Sizes available
•2 x 2.5 gallon
•4 x 1 gallon
•12 x 1 quart