NANOTECHNOLOGY IN HOME FURNISHINGS KEY TERMS MEMS – three dimensional objects that perform a mechanical function, whose dimensions are between 1 to 100 micrometers Nanoparticle – a particle of material at the nanoscale Nanotechnology – a material or structure purposefully manufactured with dimensions between 1 and 100 nanometers to leverage the unique properties it has at that size Silver ion – technically speaking, a silver ion is an atom of silver that is missing one electron www.silver-collids.com Thermopile – a MEMS device that measures heat UNIT OBJECTIVES 1. List the benefits of nanotechnology. 2. Name appliances that use nanotechnology. 3. Name housing building materials that use nanotechnology. 4. Describe how nanotechnology is being integrated in small kitchen appliances. 5. Explain how nanotechnology is used in lighting. 6. Describe how paints use a nanoguard. 7. Explain how windows use nanotechnology. 8. List expected salaries for skilled nanotechnology workers. 9. List Oklahoma schools offering courses in nanotechnology. WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY? Carpets don’t stain Furniture doesn’t fade Paint doesn’t chip Windows are always clean Surfaces are germ-free APPLIANCES • MEMS sensors are increasingly being integrated to make appliances smarter, such as a thermopile, which is a non-contact temperature sensor • MEMS thermopiles are used in cooktops to help regulate temperature by monitoring the temperature of the pan. When pans are removed, the energy transfer stops and the burner is slightly warm http://www.shopwatchbuy.com/chinese-laundry---cool-it--white---footwear-pid760509 • Silver ions released during wash/rinse cycles • Sterilizes clothes without hot water or bleach • MEMS pressure sensors help regulate water pressure http://www.monstermarketplace.com/appliancesand-accessories/wf448aap-dv448agp-we357a7p • A MEMS pressure sensor is used as part of the soil-sensing function in dishwashers, which determines the appropriate amount of water necessary to clean the dishes. This function can be a significant water saver. http://homeappliances.wordpress.com/2010/06/25/electrolu x-dishwasher-2/ • Microwaves rely on a MEMS thermopile to monitor the temperature of food as it’s being cooked to help regulate the brief on/off cycle. It also allows food to be http://www.spavensdirect.co.uk/store_details.php?prdID=2 defrosted and cooked at 17 the same time. • Refrigerators that have automatic ice cube makers use a MEMS thermopile that detects when the water is frozen to drop the cube into the ice bin http://www.premiumapp.com.au/productpages/liebherr/keknv5056 .html SHEETS Wrinkle Resistant Stain Resistant Repels Water http://www.wrinklefreesheets.org/ HOUSING BUILDING MATERIALS Concrete that repels water that results in less stains Coating on decking that protects the surface from moisture, stains, scratches, and UV rays Insulation that can be used in places besides the attic and walls, such as around doors and windows • Handrails, faucets, door knobs, and light switches use silver ions to remain germ-free. http://www.acetogo.com/blog/2010/10/25/plumbingsupplies-and-fixtures/ FURNITURE • Furniture has nanotechnology-based coatings to make it stain resistance, fade resistance, and scratch resistance. http://www.leathersectionalsblog.com/palliserleather-sectionals/palliser-vermillion-leatherfurniture-94/ SMALL KITCHEN APPLIANCES Non-stick coating on glass bakeware Plastic containers have nanoparticles embedded in them to make foods stay fresh longer Toasters use MEMS thermopile that measures the temperature of the bread’s surface to determine doneness LIGHTING • Light bulbs used a MEMS-based cooling chip that decreases the temperature of the bulb, which results in lights that use less energy, last longer, and offer a better quality light. PAINTS • Paints use a nanoguard that makes them more water resistant, decreasing the chance of mildew; a harder finish that is less prone to chipping; exterior paints that are dirt resistant http://www.archithings.com/behr-paints-introduces-premium-plusultra-interior/2009/05/17/behr-paint-premium-plus-ultra-interior WINDOWS • The use of nanoscale materials make windows more heat resistant • The nano-coating reacts with sunlight to break down dirt http://www.solarexpectations.com/products.html Nanotechnology is a young and growing field An estimated two million skilled nanotechnology workers will be needed worldwide by the year 2015 – one million of them in the U.S. Graduates are receiving salary offers up to $55,000 per year with a two-year degree Graduates with a baccalaureate degree can expect salary offers up to $65,000 per year Students who choose to continue their education can expect salary offers of $100,000 OKLAHOMA SCHOOLS OFFERING COURSES Oklahoma City Community College Oklahoma State University Oklahoma University Tulsa Community College Tulsa University REFERENCES • • • • • • www.azonano.com www.nanoshop.com www.nanotechproject.org www.fda.gov Richard Booker and Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology for Dummies, Indianapolis, Indiana, 2005. Marlene Bourne, A Consumer’s Guide to MEMS and Nanotechnology, Scottsdale, AZ, 2007. This module is one of a series designed to introduce faculty and high school students to the basic concepts of nanotechnology. Each module includes a PowerPoint presentation, discussion questions, and hands-on activities, when applicable. The series was funded in part by: The National Science Foundation Grant DUE-0702976 and the Oklahoma Nanotechnology Education Initiative Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the Oklahoma Nanotechnology Education Initiative.