100 Years Ago
Life in 1910
compared to
Life in 2010
Background Info 1910
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U.S. was first considered a world power
Population of U.S. – 92,228,496
46 states in the union
Average Salary - $750 / year
Life Expectancy – Males: 48.4 years
Females: 51.8 years
Background Info 2010
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U.S. a world superpower
Population – 281,421,906
50 states in the union
Average Salary – $36.764
Life Expectancy – Males: 75 years
Females: 80 years
Family Life 1910
• Majority of families were Husband + Wife +
Several Children
• Divorce rate was 1 out of 1000 marriages
• Most families lived in rural areas
• Poor lived in inner city tenements (slums)
• Many children worked from the age of 10 to
help support the family
• Many children did not survive to adulthood
• “Children should be seen, not heard.”
Family Life 1910
Family Life 2010
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Only half are traditional families
43% of marriages end in divorce
Divorce = step families, single parent families
Most families live in metropolitan areas
Fewer children (2 or 3)
Children have more rights
No child labor in U.S.
Families are centered around the needs of the
children
Family Life 2010
Single Parent
Families
Minority Families
Children have
more rights and
leisure time.
Predict
What will Family Life be like in
2110?
Housing/Habitat 1910
• U.S. mainly a rural country
• Inner cities filled with poor and immigrants,
plus some very wealthy areas
• Tenements were crowded, dirty, and full of
diseases
• Farms did not have access to electricity, roads,
shops, higher education
• Most homes were simple-large kitchens,
porches, made of wood
Housing/Habitat 1910
Rural
City-Wealthy and Poor
Slum
Factory Town
Typical American
small town home
Housing/Habitat 2010
• U.S. mainly an urban country
• Inner cities a combination of very wealthy and
very poor
• Inner city plagued with crime, gangs
• Most rural areas have access to everything
• New habitat is popular with middle class –
Suburbs
• Suburban homes for families; yards; shopping
Housing/Habitat 2010
Predict
What will Housing and
Habitats be like in 2110?
Government 1910
• President – William Howard Taft (R)
• Democracy
• Important Issues:
– Immigration
– Progressivism
– Labor (unions, child labor)
Government 2010
• President – Barack Obama (D)
• Democracy
• Important Issues
– Economy (esp. unemployment)
– War in Middle East
– Health Care
– Environment
– Taxes
Predict
What will Government be like
in 2110?
Labor/Employment 1910
• 60.7% of workers worked 54-60 hours a week, 6
days a week
• 33.2% of American workers worked in Agriculture
& related industries
• 27.9% of American workers worked in
Manufacturing & Mechanical industries
• Child labor was common and cheap
• Children started working at 7 or 8 years old
• Rise of Labor Unions to stop abuses
• No unemployment benefits, insurance, social
security
Labor/Employment 1910
Factory Scene
Lumberjacks
Coal Miners
Child Labor
Labor/Employment 2010
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Law – 40 hour work week
Growing white-collar jobs (offices)
Child labor restricted
Labor Unions are becoming smaller and weaker
Employers offer benefits such as insurance,
retirement, paid vacation
• Minimum wage set by the states
• Government oversees safety in the workplace
• Losing jobs to China and other countries
Labor/Employment 2010
Unemployment Line
Service Industries
Waiters
White Collar Workers
Chinese
Factory
Workers
Google Employees
Predict
What will Labor and
Employment be like in 2110?
Education 1910
• Only one-third of children were enrolled in
elementary school (children worked)
• Only 10% of teens graduated from high school
• Only 2.7% of young adults graduated from
college (mainly white upper class males)
• Catholic Schools becoming popular
• Schools are segregated legally (white schools
and “colored” schools)
• Quality of education varies from place to place
Education 1910
Classroom in
1910
1910 College Students
Typical 1910 School
Textbook
Education 2010
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Children must attend school until age 17 (in IL)
Public Education is accessible to all areas
High School Graduation Rate: 84.1%
College Graduation Rate: 26.7%
Quality of education varies from place to place
To make public education more reliable and
uniform, standardized testing is used to
measure student progress
• Districts and teachers held more accountable
for student learning
Education 2010
Predict
What will Education be like in
2110?
Civil Rights 1910
• African Americans treated as second-class
citizens (segregated low quality education,
prevented from voting, couldn’t join unions)
• African American literacy rate – 55.5%
• Lynching, Ku Klux Klan active
• Immigrants were discriminated against
• Women not yet allowed to vote
• Native Americans forced into reservations
Civil Rights 1910
Women
demonstrate
for the right
to vote
African Americans
New Immigrants
Native American Reservation
Civil Rights 2010
• Some Civil Rights movements today:
– Gay Rights
– Immigrants (esp. illegal immigrants)
– Pro-Life/Pro-Choice Debate
– Some people fight for animal rights
Civil Rights 2010
Gay Rights
Immigration
Reform
Protesting Animal Cruelty
Abortion
Predict
Who will be fighting for Civil
Rights in 2110?
Commerce/Money 1910
• Mass production/assembly line
• Workers start to make money = buying more
consumer goods
• Most people did not own their own home
• Start of the working middle class
• Upper class invest in stock market
• Banks hold money; open limited hours
Commerce/Money 1910
Wall Street
Assembly Line
San Francisco Bank
Commerce/Money 2010
• Recession (unemployment, foreclosures, no
credit, businesses closing)
• Credit cards are popular
• Debit cards make cash unnecessary
• ATM’s to access money 24 hours a day
• Money in banks is insured by federal
government
• Upper and middle class invest in stock market
Commerce/Money 2010
Predict
What will Commerce and
Money be like in 2110?
Transportation 1910
• Horses, trains, boats, and walking were still
main methods of transportation
• Automobiles were just coming out; most
people did not own one (too expensive)
• In a few years, Model T will become affordable
• Airplane was just invented, not practical yet
• In the cities, trolleys and streetcars run by
electricity got people around town
• People lived near work
Transportation 1910
Titanic
Riverboat
Trolley
Transportation 2010
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Global transportation faster—airplanes
Trains and boats still used for cargo and people
Commuter trains between city and suburbs
Buses and electric trains in the cities (subways)
Most people own a car
Cars causing environmental problems
(pollution, oil spills, concrete invading natural
areas)
• Space exploration
Transportation 2010
Predict
What will Transportation be
like in 2110?
Communication 1910
• People had more face-to-face conversations
(visits)
• Telephone invented, but not widespread
• Letter writing for long distance communication
• Government Postal Service delivered mail
• Overseas and ship-to-shore telegraphs (Morse
code)
• Radio just invented, not in use yet
Communication 1910
Telephone
Operators
at a
switchboard
Old Telephone
Letter Writing
Early
Radio
Station
Telegraph Machine
Communication 2010
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Face-to-face conversations unnecessary
Instant communication/always in touch
Cell phones with texting and Internet
Computers with Internet-communicate with
the world
• Instant messaging, Facebook, Skype, blogs,
wikis, chat rooms…
• Television, radio
• Satellites for TV, radio, and phones
Communication 2010
Predict
What will Communication be
like in 2110?
Fashion 1910
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Formal and conservative compared to today
Becoming less elaborate than in the past
Women’s hemlines higher-ankles showed
Men-jacket, tie, starched shirt collars
Both men and women wore hats
Boys wore short pants until teenagers
Girls wore shorter dresses until teens
Women’s hair arranged swept up and back
Men used oil in hair and grew mustaches
Fashion 1910
Moustache
Bathing Beauties
Hard to Care For
Hair Worn
Up
Hats, Furs,
Feathers,
Umbrellas
Fashion 2010
• Clothes becoming more informal overall
• Clothes make a statement about your
personality
• Easy to care for fabrics
• Variety of fashion styles and hair styles are
acceptable
• More skin showing on females is acceptable
• Tattoos, hair coloring, make up, cosmetic
surgery are all becoming the norm
• Celebrities influence fashion
Fashion 2010
Predict
What will Fashion be like in
2110?
Warfare 1910
• World War I broke out in 1914
• War had become more mechanical
• Soldiers no longer marched to battle in
formation
• Soldiers dug trenches to escape artillery fire
• Machine guns and tanks were new
• Poison Gas was used = Gas masks
• Airplanes first used for reconnaissance, then to
drop bombs on the enemy
Warfare 1910
Machine
Gun
Tank
Trench Warfare
Gas Mask
Warfare 2010
• Warfare is less personal
• Can kill the enemy from far away (missiles,
bombs, drones, satellite guidance)
• Airplanes, tanks, ships, artillery, soldiers still
used in war
• Nuclear weapons available, not used
• Geneva Convention-Rules of War
• Terrorism a new kind of warfare-innocent
victims
Warfare 2010
Unmanned Drone
Predict
What will Warfare be like in
2110?
Health/Medicine 1910
• Infectious diseases were the most common
causes of death (tuberculosis, influenza)
• Crowded cities and dirty conditions
contributed to infections
• Germ theory of infection discovered
• Vaccinations were being developed
• Garbage disposal and clean water supply
became crucial to public health
• Food safety an issue
Health/Medicine 1910
Operating Room
Making
vaccine
Tuberculosis
Hospital
Elixirs were
sold to cure
anything
Syringe in 1910
Health/Medicine 2010
• Today’s causes of death: Heart Disease, Cancer
• Infectious diseases controlled by antibiotics
• Poor eating habits and other bad habits
(smoking) are affecting our health
• Vaccines prevent many diseases
• Early detection helping people survive cancer
• Diagnostic tests find diseases earlier
Health/Medicine 2010
Predict
What will Health and
Medicine be like in 2110?
Sports 1910
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Baseball is the most popular spectator sport
Automobile racing just began
Football was played with very little padding
Tennis
Boxing
Horse Racing
Sports 1910
Football Player
First Indy races in 1910
Ty Cobb,
Pitcher
Olympic Athlete
Jim Thorpe
Sports 2010
• More competitive and intense
• Many sports from 1910 are still popular today
• Athletes may be paid millions of dollars to play
sports
• Entire television networks are devoted to
showing sports all the time
• College sports are becoming more popular to
watch
Sports 2010
Predict
What will Sports be like in
2110?
Celebrities 1910
Silent Film Star
Charlie Chaplin
Helen Keller
Actors Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford
were the Brad and Angelina of 1910
Celebrities 2010
Predict
What kinds of people will be
celebrities in 2110?
Innovations 1910
Panama Canal was being
built. Opened in 1914.
Ford Model T, the first
affordable car
Fingerprints used as
identification
Innovations 2010
Steve Jobs introduces
the iPad
3-D Television
Nissan Leaf, 100% electric car
Predict
What kinds of new
innovations will there be in
2110?
Your Assignment
• A partner will be randomly chosen for you.
• You and your partner will be assigned one of
the 100 Years topics.
• Think about how that topic has changed in the
past 100 years. This will help you think of how
it might change in the next 100 years.
• Create a mobile of that topic depicting 2110.
• One side will be a visual; the other side uses
words to describe the future for your topic.
• You will have 2 class periods to work.