Fiqh of Prayer-2
Part Seven
Taught by: Hacene Chebbani
Eid Prayer
Tilawah Prostration
Shukr Prostration
Eid Prayer.
• Its Ruling: Three Opinions:
• First Opinion: It is a highly recommended
sunnah prayer. (The choice of Malik and Shafie’)
• Proof: “A Bedouin asked Allah’s Messenger
about his religious obligations, then when he
(pbuh) mentioned the five daily prayers. The
Bedouin said: “Is there any other obligatory
prayer?. He (pbuh) replied: “No, unless you
volunteer.” (B/M)
Continued
• Second Opinion: It is a communal obligation.
• Proof: Umm Attiyah ® said: “We were
commanded to go out for Eid prayer with the
single and menstruating women to witness the
good and the supplications of the Muslims. The
menstruating women were ordered to stay away
from the Mussalah.” (B/M)
• Analysis: The Prophet always performed them
and he ordered people to got out to pray them.
• Second Proof: Analogy: “They are similar to the
other visible symbols of religion like athaan and
Iqamah. These two are communal obligations.”
Continued
• Third Opinion: This prayer is an individual
Obligation (Fard Ayain). (The choice of Abu
Haneefa and Ibn Taymiyah.)
• Proof: the same hadith of Umm Attiyah ®.
• Analysis: It is an individual obligation, because
if it was a communal obligation, then women
should not be commanded to pray it, because
men would have fulfilled this obligation. (Ibn
Uthaimeen believes that this opinion is
stronger.) Allah knows best.
Time and Place
• Its Time:
• “Abdullah ibn Busr ®, the companion of Allah’s
Messenger (pbuh) went out with the people on
the day of Eid ul-Fitr or Eid ul-Adha, and was not
happy about delaying the prayer, saying: “We
would have left by this time. And that was at the
early time of ad-Duha prayer.” (Abu Dawood/Ibn
Majah/others.)
• Note: Ad-Duha prayer can be prayed 15min
after sunrise.
• The time of this prayer ends when the sun
reaches its meridian. (Zawaal Time).
Continued
• Place of Prayer:
• Eid Prayer can be prayed in the Masjid,
but it is preferred to do it out in the open,
because the Prophet (pbuh) used to go
out to pray it, and so did those who came
after him.
• Note: Eid Prayer has no athaan or
Iqamah.
Description of the Prayer.
• Eid Prayer consists of two raka’hs in which there
are twelve takbeers.
• Proof: Aisha ® reported that: “Allah’s
Messenger (pbuh) made the takbeer in al-Fitr
and al-Adha seven times and five times,
excluding the two takbeers of ruku’.”
• Note: There are other numbers of takbeers
attributed to several sahabis.
• We should raise our hands when reciting
Takbeer. Umar ® and his son Abdullah ® used to
do it in Janaza Prayer and Eid Prayer.
Continued
• Recitation of Dhikr after every Takbeera
• Some scholars said that we should say:
‫” هللا أكبر كبيرا و الحمد هلل كثيرا و سبحان هللا بكرة و أصيال و‬
“.‫صلّى هللا على محمد النبي و آله و سلم تسليما كثيرا‬
• Proof: Abdullah ibn Masoud ® used to do
it and he used to advise people to do it.
• There is no proof that Allah’s Messenger
(pbuh) used to do it.
Continued
• The khutbah is After the Prayer.
• Ibn Abbas ® said: “I attended the Eid with the
Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and with Abu Bakr;
Umar and Uthmaan, and they all used to pray
before the khutbah.” (B/M)
• The Recitation of Eid Prayer.
• Allah’s Messenger recited al-A’lah and alGhaashiyah. (M/others)
• He (pbuh) also used to recite Qaaf and alQamar. (M/others)
Sujood at-Tilaawah
Prostration during Quran Recitation
• Its Virtue:
• Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger
of Allah (pbuh) said: “When the son of
Adam recites as-sajdah and then
prostrates, shaytan departs from him and
cries: ‘O, woe! He was ordered to
prostrate and he did, so for him is
paradise. I was ordered to prostrate and I
refused, so for me is the Fire.” (Muslim)
Continued
• Its Ruling: Is it a Prayer or not?
• The majority of scholars believe that sujood attilawah is a prayer that requires some conditions
to be accepted, like ritual purity, facing the qiblah
and all the other conditions of Salah.
• A group of scholars believe that this sujood is
not a prayer. It does not start with takbeer or
ends with Tasleem. (This is the choice of Ibn
Hazm and Ibn Taymiyah.) Therefore, it can be
done without tahara and we do not have to face
the qiblah.
Continued
• At times Ibn Umar ® would do sujood attilawah without having tahara. (Ibn Abee
Shaybah with an authentic chain)
• Ibn Uthaiymeen believes that the second
opinion is stronger.
continued
• Is it an obligation to perform sujood
at-Tilawah? Two Opinions:
• First: it is an obligation to make this sujood (Abu
Haneefa/Ibn Taymiyah/others.)
• Proofs: Ayah: “O You who have believed, bow
and prostrate and worship your Lord and do
good- that you may succeed. (sajdah)” 22/77
• Ayah: “And when the Quran is recited to them,
they do not prostrate. (sajdah)” 84/21
continued
• Second: This sujood is not wajib, it is only
recommended. (The three Imams.)
• Proofs: Hadith: “Zayd ibn Thaabit ®
recited surah an-Najm to the Prophet
(pbuh) and did not perform sujood.” (B)
• Analysis: If sujood was wajib, the Prophet
would not have kept quiet about Zayd
missing the sujood.
Continued
• 2nd Proof: “Umar ® recited surah an-Nahl on the
minbar. When he reached the verse of sujood,
he went down, performed sujood and people did
the same thing. Next Friday, he recited the same
surah but he did not prostrate. He explained that
Allah did not make it compulsory to prostrate
unless we wish to do so.” (B)
• Analysis: Umar ® did not prostrate in front of a
big group of sahaba and no one said anything
which means that this sujood is not wajib.
• Conclusion: The second opinion is very
strong.
Notes
• 1- There are 14 places of sujood at-tilawah in
the Quran.
• 2- The one who is listening to the reciter is
supposed to make sujood with him, but not the
one who hears him without intending to listen.
• 3- This sujood has no takbeer or tasleem except
in the salah where we have to recite the takbir
before and after. (One opinion in the Hanafi
school of thought.)
What do we Say in this Sujood?
•
•
•
•
•
•
The regular tasbeeh )‫(سبحان ربي األعلى‬
Second Option:
)‫ اللهم اغفر لي‬،‫(سبحانك اللهم ربنا و بحمدك‬
Third Option:
)‫(سجد وجهي للذي خلقه و شق سمعه و بصره بحوله و قوته‬
Which means: “My face is prostrated to
the One Who created it and brought forth
its hearing and its sight by His Might and
Power.” (Abu Dawood/Tirmithi/others)
Do we Recite Sajdah in a Silent
Prayer?
• A group of scholars believe that it is
Makrouh (disliked) to recite a surah that
requires sujood at-tilawat in a silent prayer.
• The Second Opinion: It is not disliked to
recite it in a silent prayer, but if the Imam
thinks that people will be confused about
his sujood, then he should avoid making
sujood. (This opinion is stronger).
Sujood ash-Shukr
(The Prostration of Gratefulness)
• It is preferred for Muslims to perform sujood,
whenever they receive blessings, or they are
saved from some trials, or they receive some
good news. This is called Sujood ash-Shukr.
• Hadith: “When anything came to the Prophet
(pbuh) which pleased him or he received good
news, he would prostrate thanking Allah, The
Most Blessed, The Most High.” (Ibn Majah/Abu
Dawood)
Notes.
• 1- Sujood ash-Shukr has the same rulings
of Sujood at-Tilawah.
• 2- Sujood ash-Shukr can not be performed
during the regular prayer.
Allah Knows Best.