TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Unit Six
Unit Twelve
Unit Eighteen
Unit One
Unit Seven
Unit Thirteen
Unit Nineteen
Unit Two
Unit Eight
Unit Fourteen
Unit Twenty
Unit Three
Unit Nine
Unit Fifteen
Unit Twenty-One
Unit Four
Unit Ten
Unit Sixteen
Unit Twenty-Two
Unit Five
Unit Eleven
Unit Seventeen
INTRODUCTION
Each single word exercise is contained on a three-part
slide. The first slide provides a context for the word
Examine the context and think of words that would fit.
Click to identify the correct choice.
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UNIT ONE
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Unit One
The _____ debate between the two senators bored
some people, but also led to some important
reforms.
(A) invincible
(B) protracted
(C) intractable
(D) retracted
(E) deduced
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• The _____ debate between the two senators
bored some people, but also led to some
important reforms.
• (B) protracted
Unit One
I hardly expected a grown man to become so _____
when I awakened him at three in the morning.
(A) petulant
(B) impetuous
(C) protracted
(D) conducive
(E) provincial
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• I hardly expected a grown man to become
so _____ when I awakened him at three in
the morning.
• (A) petulant
Unit One
Harry may be a good chess player, but he’s not
_____.
(A) petulant
(B) impetuous
(C) intractable
(D) conducive
(E) invincible
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• Harry may be a good chess player, but he’s
not _____.
• (E) invincible
Unit One
When I realized I was wrong, I decided to _____
everything I had said.
(A) protract
(B) intractable
(C) evince
(D) retract
(E) induce
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• When I realized I was wrong, I decided to
_____ everything I had said.
• (D) retract
Unit One
When Mike saw Hugh and Lena talking and
laughing together, he _____ that they were no
longer fighting.
(A) evinced
(B) deduced
(C) induct
(D) conducive
(E) impetuous
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• When Mike saw Hugh and Lena talking and
laughing together, he _____ that they were
no longer fighting.
• (B) deduced
Unit One
Certain kinds of soil are more _____ to growing
prize roses.
(A) conducive
(B) impetuous
(C) petulant
(D) protracted
(E) invincible
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Unit One
Wasn’t it kind of _____ to volunteer for a job you
knew nothing about?
(A) conducive
(B) petulant
(C) impetuous
(D) protracted
(E) intractable
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Unit One
The relationship between the two characters _____
the main themes of the novel.
(A) impetus
(B) protracted
(C) retracted
(D) evinced
(E) deduced
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Unit One
After the accident with the horse, nothing could
ever _____ Albert to go back to the farm.
(A) retract
(B) impetus
(C) induce
(D) deduce
(E) evince
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Unit One
Laughing at someone for having a different accent
than yours makes you seem _____.
(A) petulant
(B) invincible
(C) provincial
(D) induced
(E) conducive
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Unit One
The _____ for his decision to play the violin was
his early love of symphonic music.
(A) invincible
(B) impetus
(C) retraction
(D) induction
(E) petulant
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Unit One
Jamie was so _____ that she refused to move her
car from the sidewalk even when ordered to do so
by the police.
(A) impetuous
(B) intractable
(C) petulant
(D) protracted
(E) invincible
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UNIT TWO
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Unit Two
Discipline at the school is so strict that even minor
_____ bring severe punishment.
(A) excise
(B) epitome
(C) infractions
(D) tomes
(E) compunctions
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Unit Two
A(n) _____ certainly exists between the material
world and the spiritual world.
(A) dichotomy
(B) infraction
(C) tome
(D) anatomy
(E) incisive
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Unit Two
Your _____ wit seems to cut through all the
unnecessary information and get right to the heart
of the matter.
(A) pungent
(B) impetuous
(C) incisive
(D) fractious
(E) concise
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Unit Two
The author’s exhaustive writing on French history
took up several weighty _____.
(A) excise
(B) impetus
(C) tomes
(D) epitome
(E) infractions
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Unit Two
By looking at the _____ of a creature, scientists can
see how it has adapted.
(A) tome
(B) conducive
(C) excise
(D) anatomy
(E) infraction
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Unit Two
If Danielle feels any _____ at all for lying about her
homework, she should go to her teacher and
apologize.
(A) tome
(B) compunction
(C) anatomy
(D) epitome
(E) impetus
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Unit Two
Carol’s constant arguing and yelling made her seem
so _____ that I wondered how anyone could stand
to be around her.
(A) petulant
(B) intractable
(C) fractious
(D) punctilious
(E) pungent
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Unit Two
The right to free speech is guaranteed to all
Americans, and no one should _____ upon it.
(A) induce
(B) incite
(C) deduce
(D) infringe
(E) evince
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Unit Two
A(n) _____ summary of the day’s events will be
enough for me.
(A) concise
(B) conducive
(C) intractable
(D) incisive
(E) punctilious
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Unit Two
Cedric’s friends were always telling him to loosen
up and not be so _____ about details.
(A) provincial
(B) punctilious
(C) protracted
(D) pungent
(E) fractious
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Unit Two
Only a special kind of surgery can _____ the tumor
from the body.
(A) retract
(B) infringe
(C) concise
(D) excise
(E) tome
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Unit Two
The _____ scent of frying onions competed with
the many other smells that filled the restaurant.
(A) petulant
(B) fractious
(C) impetuous
(D) pungent
(E) incisive
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Unit Two
Grace is the _____ of a type of student known as
“well-rounded.”
(A) impetus
(B) epitome
(C) petulant
(D) infraction
(E) excise
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UNIT THREE
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Unit Three
There was a heated debate over whether the cabinet
official had been _____ in his duties when he did
not report the accounting error.
(A) dismissive
(B) motive
(C) dejected
(D) remiss
(E) impulse
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Unit Three
I felt so _____ when I did not get admitted to the
university that I did not leave my room for days.
(A) punctilious
(B) dejected
(C) intractable
(D) dismissive
(E) pungent
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Unit Three
Although the champion golfer was _____ of his
caddy’s suggestions at first, he eventually gave
them a try.
(A) provincial
(B) fractious
(C) dismissive
(D) remiss
(E) dejected
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Unit Three
Suddenly, Henry was seized by the _____ to leap
from the boat.
(A) impulse
(B) compel
(C) conjecture
(D) epitome
(E) motive
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Unit Three
During the negotiations, the vice-president of one
company was sent as a(n) _____ to the other
company.
(A) abject
(B) emissary
(C) infraction
(D) impetus
(E) motif
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Unit Three
The _____ for the theft of the statue has not yet
been determined.
(A) induce
(B) tome
(C) motive
(D) excise
(E) impulse
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Unit Three
The baby birds, motherless and unprotected from
the rain, looked _____ and pathetic.
(A) abject
(B) fractious
(C) remiss
(D) protracted
(E) invincible
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Unit Three
If you _____ the student from school for simply
stating her beliefs, you will set a bad example.
(A) excise
(B) abject
(C) deduce
(D) expel
(E) evince
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Unit Three
Some of the children in the play _____ too much,
while others read their lines with no emotion at all.
(A) evoked
(B) deduced
(C) expelled
(D) emoted
(E) excise
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Unit Three
Since the critic has not read the book, anything he
says about it must be considered pure _____.
(A) compunction
(B) impetus
(C) abject
(D) motif
(E) conjecture
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Unit Three
The high winds and cold rain _____ us to postpone
the picnic.
(A) compelled
(B) emoted
(C) conjecture
(D) abject
(E) motif
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Unit Three
The central _____ of despair over lost love in the
opera is introduced when the heroine takes the
stage.
(A) motive
(B) impetus
(C) impulse
(D) motif
(E) tome
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UNIT FOUR
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Unit Four
Maddie seemed _____ to the insults she received in
the press.
(A) dismissive
(B) impervious
(C) fractious
(D) purported
(E) punctilious
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Unit Four
Frank showed his _____ to his boss by allowing
him to speak first.
(A) inference
(B) conjecture
(C) conference
(D) dismissive
(E) deference
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Unit Four
The _____ you have drawn from the suspect’s story
is supported by new evidence we have just
received.
(A) comportment
(B) epitome
(C) induction
(D) inference
(E) deduction
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Unit Four
If the basketball team members work on their
passing, they can _____ some of the problems they
have encountered in the past.
(A) obviate
(B) invincible
(C) deviate
(D) infringe
(E) retract
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Unit Four
A(n) _____ was constructed to carry the train over
the river.
(A) impulse
(B) aqueduct
(C) tome
(D) impetus
(E) viaduct
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Unit Four
The _____ prize employee was discovered loading
his bag with computer equipment from the supply
closet.
(A) inference
(B) dejected
(C) purported
(D) conference
(E) conjecture
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Unit Four
The doctors decided to _____ the surgery until the
patient was strong enough to withstand it.
(A) deviate
(B) proffer
(C) defer
(D) retract
(E) confer
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Unit Four
If the polluting corporations, already great in
number, continue to _____ in this area, the
ecosystem could be severely damaged.
(A) impetus
(B) protract
(C) proliferate
(D) excise
(E) motif
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Unit Four
When I _____ with the other members of the team,
I found we all had different ideas about what to do.
(A) proffered
(B) conferred
(C) deviate
(D) comportment
(E) obviate
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Unit Four
If the travelers decide to _____ from their original
schedule, they may add several days to the trip.
(A) defer
(B) deviate
(C) proffer
(D) excise
(E) obviate
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Unit Four
The tax attorney _____ several documented
transactions to the officials who were investigating.
(A) purported
(B) obviated
(C) proffered
(D) induced
(E) conferred
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Unit Four
Dr. Jones’ _____ in the operating room is never less
than completely dignified.
(A) epitome
(B) compunction
(C) conjecture
(D) comportment
(E) deference
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UNIT FIVE
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Unit Five
The city council does not _____ making any
changes to the existing law.
(A) introspective
(B) arrogant
(C) civility
(D) sycophant
(E) envisage
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Unit Five
George was _____ by nature and would spend
hours alone, lost in thought.
(A) incisive
(B) introspective
(C) retrospective
(D) deference
(E) perspicacious
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Unit Five
The exhibit takes us on a _____ journey through all
the films made by the director in the past thirty
years.
(A) retrospective
(B) retract
(C) invincible
(D) fractious
(E) introspective
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Unit Five
One _____ that has repeated itself is the revolt of
young people against their parents’ music.
(A) epiphany
(B) phenomenon
(C) motif
(D) invincible
(E) apparition
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Unit Five
King William’s _____ was peaceful in death, but
also bore the lines of many years of worry.
(A) impetus
(B) visage
(C) aspect
(D) anatomy
(E) motif
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Unit Five
Lilah’s _____ evening dress was thought by some
to be too slinky and revealing.
(A) punctilious
(B) apparition
(C) impervious
(D) provincial
(E) diaphanous
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Unit Five
Several _____ of the current financial crisis are
misunderstood by the majority of the population.
(A) anatomies
(B) epitome
(C) aspects
(D) phenomena
(E) impetus
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Unit Five
Was this lovely figure before me a dream, a(n)
_____, or a human being?
(A) epitome
(B) visage
(C) tome
(D) apparition
(E) motive
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Unit Five
Suddenly, Rachel was struck by a(n) _____ about
why we lost the game.
(A) epitome
(B) envisage
(C) sycophant
(D) compunction
(E) epiphany
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Unit Five
Ashley believes that saving every penny is _____,
because it will protect her from hard times in the
future.
(A) perspicacious
(B) conducive
(C) provincial
(D) impervious
(E) remiss
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UNIT SIX
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Unit Six
The witness could not _____ exactly where he was
on the night of the murder.
(A) resolute
(B) inherent
(C) diligent
(D) incoherent
(E) recollect
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Unit Six
Although he was many times smaller than his
opponent, the little dog faced the bear with _____
toughness.
(A) diligent
(B) impetuous
(C) resolute
(D) dissolute
(E) concise
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Unit Six
Amy’s dance teacher recommended her as a person
who was _____ enough to practice several hours
each day.
(A) impervious
(B) perspicacious
(C) sacrilege
(D) diligent
(E) dissolute
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Unit Six
Andrew often wondered if the desire to fight was
_____ in his character, since he always seemed to
be arguing with someone.
(A) inherent
(B) adherent
(C) tome
(D) aspect
(E) incoherent
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Unit Six
Some legal documents would be more clear if the
_____ language were made concise.
(A) disparate
(B) punctilious
(C) diffuse
(D) profuse
(E) insoluble
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Unit Six
Do you think selling goods and services in a holy
place is a(n) _____?
(A) comportment
(B) conjecture
(C) epiphany
(D) sacrilege
(E) infraction
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Unit Six
The medicine made Sean talk so fast he was _____;
none of his friends could understand what he was
saying.
(A) impervious
(B) incoherent
(C) dissolute
(D) inherent
(E) perspicacious
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Unit Six
The birds regularly eat seemingly _____ material
like tough bark and stones.
(A) effusive
(B) insoluble
(C) incoherent
(D) imperative
(E) dissolute
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Unit Six
DJ was never a(n) ______ of the “every man for
himself” philosophy; he always tried to help others.
(A) tome
(B) aspect
(C) emissary
(D) adherent
(E) sacrilege
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Unit Six
While one of the twins was quiet and thoughtful,
the other was _____ and energetic.
(A) effusive
(B) diaphanous
(C) profuse
(D) incoherent
(E) imperative
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Unit Six
Before anyone could say that I was leading a
reckless, _____ existence, I had an experience
which forced me to sober up.
(A) resolute
(B) sacrilege
(C) insoluble
(D) dissolute
(E) disparate
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Unit Six
Ben expressed _____ regret for hitting the fence
with his car, but he still had to pay for it.
(A) profuse
(B) diligent
(C) impulsive
(D) effusive
(E) resolute
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UNIT SEVEN
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Unit Seven
The basic _____ of the community may be
undermined by the prolonged garbage collectors’
strike.
(A) proficient
(B) restitution
(C) infrastructure
(D) construe
(E) constructive
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Unit Seven
When Avram learned he was responsible for the
damage to the store, he offered his services there as
_____.
(A) stature
(B) restitution
(C) excise
(D) impetus
(E) retrospective
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Unit Seven
Until you become a _____ marksman, you
shouldn’t go shooting outside the range.
(A) proficient
(B) facile
(C) constructive
(D) diligent
(E) resolute
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Unit Seven
Many experts _____ the Prime Minister’s remarks
as meaning he will make changes in his economic
policy.
(A) deviate
(B) construe
(C) infringe
(D) emote
(E) expound
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Unit Seven
Tim’s essay impressed his teacher because it was
complex rather than _____.
(A) remiss
(B) resolute
(C) facile
(D) proficient
(E) destitute
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Unit Seven
Though Maggie has not been in our club for a year,
her high _____ in our opinion has not changed.
(A) infrastructure
(B) epitome
(C) impulse
(D) stature
(E) motif
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Unit Seven
If he had an audience, Alton could _____ for hours
upon the glories of ancient Rome.
(A) expel
(B) induce
(C) deduce
(D) expound
(E) resolute
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Unit Seven
The painter specializes in cheap _____ of great
masterpieces.
(A) aspects
(B) motives
(C) apparitions
(D) statures
(E) facsimiles
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Unit Seven
The new hockey coach insists that our comments to
each other be _____ and positive, rather than
vicious and insulting.
(A) constructive
(B) facsimiles
(C) destitute
(D) factotum
(E) proponent
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Unit Seven
The tornado left many members of the
impoverished community completely _____.
(A) dejected
(B) remiss
(C) destitute
(D) facile
(E) incoherent
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Unit Seven
Although I am no _____ of raising taxes, I don’t see
any other way of obtaining money for our schools.
(A) proponent
(B) emissary
(C) motif
(D) detractor
(E) sycophant
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UNIT EIGHT
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Unit Eight
My _____, good-natured little brother is a favorite
of his teachers.
(A) docile
(B) complacent
(C) tempered
(D) placebo
(E) ingratiate
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Unit Eight
Rather than trying to _____ herself with her new
coworkers, Maxine earned their respect by doing
excellent work.
(A) construe
(B) indoctrinate
(C) infer
(D) ingratiate
(E) intemperate
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Unit Eight
Lester was just beginning to grow _____ about his
grades when he encountered the most difficult math
test he had ever seen.
(A) placid
(B) intemperate
(C) diligent
(D) complacent
(E) gratuitous
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Unit Eight
Although many children find the first day of school
scary, their nervousness is _____ by the excitement
of new people, sights, and sounds.
(A) expounded
(B) ingratiated
(C) tempered
(D) intemperate
(E) complicated
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Unit Eight
Awarding an “A” in math to everyone would only
be a(n) _____ for the students; it wouldn’t lead to
real academic improvement.
(A) placebo
(B) adherent
(C) ingrate
(D) visage
(E) tome
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Unit Eight
Penny didn’t follow a particular religious _____
because she couldn’t decide which one was right.
(A) tome
(B) doctrine
(C) docile
(D) placebo
(E) excise
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Unit Eight
Since he had no opponent in the election, the
candidate’s campaign ads seemed rather _____.
(A) intemperate
(B) gratuitous
(C) remiss
(D) complacent
(E) placid
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Unit Eight
If the political party cannot _____ its youngest
members with its core values, how will it win the
election?
(A) intemperate
(B) ingratiate
(C) indoctrinate
(D) infer
(E) destitute
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Unit Eight
I was amazed at the _____ Theo showed when
faced with all kinds of temptations.
(A) temperance
(B) temper
(C) doctrine
(D) placebo
(E) stature
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Unit Eight
Mary didn’t want to seem like a(n) _____, so she
graciously thanked her aunt for the sweater.
(A) placebo
(B) docent
(C) emissary
(D) motif
(E) ingrate
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Unit Eight
The _____ expression of the moose as it stared into
the window was very different from the hysterical
expression of the human staring back.
(A) destitute
(B) gratuitous
(C) placid
(D) docile
(E) resolute
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Unit Eight
The _____ conditions on the top of the mountain
made it difficult for anyone to survive.
(A) remiss
(B) indoctrinate
(C) docile
(D) gratuitous
(E) intemperate
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UNIT NINE
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Unit Nine
With the help of my friends, I not only got through
a(n) _____ situation, but I also learned from it.
(A) insoluble
(B) inflexible
(C) voluble
(D) inherent
(E) adverse
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Unit Nine
When the new computer system crashed because of
a virus, we had to temporarily _____ to an old one.
(A) subvert
(B) evolve
(C) retrospective
(D) revert
(E) introspective
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Unit Nine
Rather than using the appropriate legal channels,
Sid tried to _____ information from members of the
city council.
(A) facile
(B) retort
(C) docile
(D) adverse
(E) extort
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Unit Nine
One of the more _____ teachers kept talking even
after the bell rang, and his students were forced to
stay and listen.
(A) vocative
(B) tortuous
(C) voluble
(D) adverse
(E) intemperate
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Unit Nine
The audience had the pleasure of watching a good
opera _____ into a truly spectacular one.
(A) extort
(B) revert
(C) evolve
(D) deflect
(E) subvert
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Unit Nine
I try to be open-minded rather than _____ when it
comes to the subject of love.
(A) intemperate
(B) tortuous
(C) inflexible
(D) remiss
(E) adverse
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Unit Nine
A quick, sarcastic _____ silenced the journalist who
had asked an inappropriate question.
(A) revert
(B) evolve
(C) extort
(D) subvert
(E) retort
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Unit Nine
Our small, agile boat could easily navigate the
_____ curves of the river.
(A) adverse
(B) tortuous
(C) evolve
(D) facile
(E) docile
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Unit Nine
By varying the _____ on a particular word or note,
a singer can bring many different meanings out of
the same song.
(A) intemperance
(B) placebo
(C) inflection
(D) voluble
(E) doctrine
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Unit Nine
The reasoning behind the budget disaster was so
_____ that no one could begin to untangle it.
(A) convoluted
(B) sacrilege
(C) inflexible
(D) introspective
(E) tortuous
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Unit Nine
In an attempt to _____ the election results, the
crooked politician threw away several boxes of
ballots.
(A) retort
(B) subvert
(C) evolve
(D) revert
(E) extort
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Unit Nine
You will not always be able to _____ criticism
away from yourself.
(A) subvert
(B) evolve
(C) deflect
(D) revert
(E) extort
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UNIT TEN
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Unit Ten
When Josie’s mother _____ her for coming home
late, Josie hung her head in shame.
(A) exonerate
(B) reproved
(C) culprit
(D) onerous
(E) approbation
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Unit Ten
I was given the _____ job of dealing with a huge
crowd of impatient and complaining customers.
(A) approbation
(B) onerous
(C) criminal
(D) culpable
(E) adverse
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Unit Ten
The _____ in the cookie theft is probably between
three and six years old.
(A) mea culpa
(B) tome
(C) incriminate
(D) onus
(E) culprit
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Unit Ten
Do the defendant’s lawyers hope the new testimony
will _____ their client?
(A) decriminalize
(B) incriminate
(C) extort
(D) reprove
(E) exonerate
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Unit Ten
Some people argue that we should _____ speeding,
but others think we should make the laws tougher.
(A) incriminate
(B) decriminalize
(C) recrimination
(D) exonerate
(E) culpable
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Ten
The principal felt that the boys were habitual _____
and should be expelled from school.
(A) reprove
(B) recriminations
(C) reprobates
(D) approbation
(E) decriminalize
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Unit Ten
Jesse refused to state publicly what _____ he had
included in the angry letter to his boss.
(A) decriminalize
(B) exonerations
(C) approbations
(D) recriminations
(E) mea culpas
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Ten
The _____ of the judges’ panel meant a lot to the
nervous young dancer.
(A) solicitation
(B) incrimination
(C) approbation
(D) reprobation
(E) exoneration
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Unit Ten
Just being present when an accident occurs doesn’t
make you _____ for that accident.
(A) incriminate
(B) onerous
(C) diligent
(D) culpable
(E) reprove
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Unit Ten
Philip now carries the _____ of defending his
brother’s good character.
(A) onus
(B) reprobate
(C) tome
(D) reprove
(E) motive
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Unit Ten
My father said that my guilty expression _____ me
more than anything else.
(A) onus
(B) incriminated
(C) mea culpa
(D) culpable
(E) reprobate
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Ten
When I saw that my actions had caused a fight
between my friends, I thought to myself, “____.”
(A) culpable
(B) mea culpa
(C) onus
(D) incriminate
(E) reprobation
Back to Table of Contents
UNIT ELEVEN
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Unit Eleven
Although she looked _____ when I suggested
climbing the fence, Lizzie went along with the plan.
(A) incredulous
(B) indubitable
(C) dubious
(D) credulous
(E) fallacious
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Unit Eleven
The _____ you displayed when your friends were in
danger shows me how loyal you really are.
(A) fidelity
(B) redoubtable
(C) dubious
(D) confide
(E) diffident
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Unit Eleven
I hope that Andrew will not _____ in Jeff, since Jeff
has a reputation for spreading other people’s secrets
around.
(A) credit
(B) exonerate
(C) infringe
(D) confide
(E) reprove
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Unit Eleven
The army was facing its most _____ foe, a force
almost three times bigger than itself.
(A) redoubtable
(B) fallacious
(C) credible
(D) indubitable
(E) diffident
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Unit Eleven
That the evidence was falsified now seems _____.
(A) resolute
(B) diffident
(C) fallacious
(D) credulity
(E) indubitable
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Unit Eleven
Dr. Leary’s more _____ patients are sometimes too
shy or nervous to ask questions about their health.
(A) dubious
(B) fallacious
(C) onerous
(D) incredulous
(E) diffident
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eleven
The _____ which you showed to the car salesman
will make him think he can overcharge you.
(A) credible
(B) indubitable
(C) redoubtable
(D) incredulous
(E) credulity
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eleven
Do not try to undermine my point with _____ logic
and unreliable evidence.
(A) credible
(B) incredible
(C) redoubtable
(D) incredulous
(E) fallacious
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eleven
The detective thought the witness’ story was _____
enough.
(A) diffident
(B) fallacious
(C) dubious
(D) indubitable
(E) credible
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eleven
Until I fell in love with someone who was totally
uninterested in me, I really didn’t think I was
_____.
(A) fidelity
(B) fallacy
(C) fallible
(D) credence
(E) credible
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eleven
How much _____ do you give to the flashy stories
you see on the local news?
(A) credence
(B) motive
(C) fallacy
(D) fidelity
(E) aspect
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Unit Eleven
Although the salesman’s pitch was convincing, it
was based on a _____.
(A) fallible
(B) credible
(C) credence
(D) dubious
(E) fallacy
Back to Table of Contents
UNIT TWELVE
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Unit Twelve
The microscope was so powerful that it allowed us
to see things of an almost _____ size.
(A) infinitesimal
(B) infinite
(C) penultimate
(D) primal
(E) novel
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Unit Twelve
The _____ surprise came when we found our dog
was going to have puppies, but the final shock was
that our cat was going to have kittens at the same
time.
Back to Table of Contents
(A) penultimate
(B) ultimate
(C) infinitesimal
(D) innovative
(E) primeval
Unit Twelve
I felt a surge of raw, _____ anger when I saw that
my house had been destroyed.
(A) primeval
(B) primal
(C) novel
(D) innovative
(E) infinite
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Unit Twelve
Early astronomers argued over whether the universe
was _____ or had limits.
(A) infinite
(B) primal
(C) penultimate
(D) innovative
(E) infinitesimal
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
Percy still needs help with his free throws because
he is a basketball _____.
(A) novice
(B) primal
(C) novel
(D) emissary
(E) diffident
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
The general issued a(n) _____ to the enemy
soldiers: they could lay down their weapons or be
fired upon.
(A) fallacy
(B) ultimate
(C) onus
(D) ultimatum
(E) novel
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
The minister warned that the _____ of spiritual
laws cannot be forgotten, even when day-to-day life
becomes difficult.
(A) primacy
(B) primal
(C) definitive
(D) primeval
(E) infinitesimal
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
One _____ solution to the arguments that broke out
at every meeting was to give each club member a
speaking time in advance.
(A) novice
(B) innovative
(C) novel
(D) ultimate
(E) primeval
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
Because Julio is so shy, public speaking seems like
the _____ torture to him.
(A) ultimate
(B) onerous
(C) primal
(D) primeval
(E) penultimate
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
The _____ book on how to make pizza was
written by a man who owned a pizza parlor for
many years.
(A) innovative
(B) definitive
(C) dubious
(D) infinite
(E) credible
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
One of the most _____ uses of technology that I
saw at the computer showcase was a program that
helps blind children learn to read.
(A) primacy
(B) ultimate
(C) innovative
(D) novice
(E) infinite
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Twelve
The statue in the museum was a representation of
a(n) _____ god of fire.
(A) innovative
(B) primal
(C) novel
(D) primeval
(E) ultimatum
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UNIT THIRTEEN
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Unit Thirteen
If the _____ bullet had not hit a wall, someone
could have been seriously injured.
(A) aberrant
(B) errant
(C) egress
(D) circumvent
(E) cursory
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Unit Thirteen
If we meet their demands, the hostage-takers will
give the hostages _____.
(A) degrade
(B) egress
(C) recourse
(D) digress
(E) congress
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Unit Thirteen
Even a(n) _____ glance at the room told the
detective that something had gone horribly wrong.
(A) erroneous
(B) errant
(C) aberrant
(D) cursory
(E) onerous
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Unit Thirteen
Is there any way to _____ the floods that come in
the spring?
(A) convene
(B) circumvent
(C) digress
(D) incur
(E) egress
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Thirteen
A small _____ of local merchants had appeared on
the village green.
(A) congress
(B) incur
(C) cursor
(D) regress
(E) egress
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Unit Thirteen
When the sacred _____ between a ruler and his or
her people is broken, the consequences can be
severe.
(A) congress
(B) precursor
(C) covenant
(D) tome
(E) errant
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Unit Thirteen
The reviewer went so far as to personally _____
many actors, calling them “unfit to take the stage.”
(A) egress
(B) convene
(C) convolute
(D) expound
(E) degrade
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Unit Thirteen
A(n) _____ into the camp of the enemy helped the
soldiers gain valuable information and supplies.
(A) err
(B) egress
(C) incursion
(D) recourse
(E) congress
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Unit Thirteen
When the medical tests showed that Ron was
severely ill, he felt sure the results were _____.
(A) egress
(B) precursor
(C) err
(D) convene
(E) congress
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Unit Thirteen
Compared to the rest of the cells we have collected,
this cell, which is much bigger, seems _____.
(A) aberrant
(B) cursory
(C) convoluted
(D) recourse
(E) onerous
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Unit Thirteen
The judge _______ the court session by pounding
her gavel.
(A) precursor
(B) erroneous
(C) convened
(D) recourse
(E) aberrant
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Unit Thirteen
The horse and buggy was a(n) _____ to our modern
automobile.
(A) egress
(B) precursor
(C) err
(D) convene
(E) congress
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Unit Thirteen
Harriet felt she had no _____ but to go to the police
with her information.
(A) congress
(B) recourse
(C) placebo
(D) fallacy
(E) precursor
Back to Table of Contents
UNIT FOURTEEN
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Unit Fourteen
It would be unfortunate if money were able to
_____ a group that has worked so hard to avoid
endorsing a candidate.
(A) politicize
(B) virtue
(C) virtuoso
(D) pandemic
(E) civilize
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Unit Fourteen
If I cannot _____ my rowdy dogs within a few
weeks, my neighbors are going to start
complaining.
(A) innovate
(B) politicize
(C) civilize
(D) virile
(E) recourse
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fourteen
Patience was a _____ that my grandmother had in
abundance.
(A) virtue
(B) credible
(C) civic
(D) apolitical
(E) errant
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fourteen
The speaker said that greed, like a disease, is _____
in the Western world.
(A) civic
(B) virile
(C) cosmopolitan
(D) virtuous
(E) pandemic
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Unit Fourteen
Do you think the President is charming and
charismatic, or is he a(n) _____ who might
eventually abuse the power he gains?
(A) politician
(B) demagogue
(C) virtuoso
(D) novice
(E) diffident
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fourteen
To what _____ group is this political campaign
appealing?
(A) pandemic
(B) cosmopolitan
(C) virile
(D) demographic
(E) civilize
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Unit Fourteen
To prove that he is _____, a male gorilla will beat
his chest and tear leaves from the trees.
(A) civil
(B) virile
(C) pandemic
(D) virtuous
(E) political
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Unit Fourteen
Oliver, who once considered himself _____, is now
campaigning for governor.
(A) politicize
(B) civil
(C) demagogue
(D) apolitical
(E) pandemic
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Unit Fourteen
To Libbie, taking a limousine uptown felt very
glamorous and _____.
(A) apolitical
(B) pandemic
(C) demographic
(D) cosmopolitan
(E) virile
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fourteen
Roger felt it was his _____ responsibility to pick up
litter and sweep the sidewalk in the town.
(A) voluble
(B) apolitical
(C) civic
(D) demographic
(E) cosmopolitan
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Unit Fourteen
Rather than trying to prove she was a ballet _____,
Amelia decided to show the audition judges the
passion she felt for her art.
(A) virtue
(B) emissary
(C) demagogue
(D) virtuoso
(E) civilian
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Unit Fourteen
If Liam and Jane could show _____ to one another
for even a minute, there would be no more fighting
in the house.
(A) virile
(B) pandemic
(C) political
(D) cosmopolitan
(E) civility
Back to Table of Contents
UNIT FIFTEEN
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Unit Fifteen
If you have ever learned a foreign language, you
know that _____ speech is very different from
formal, correct speech.
(A) colloquial
(B) emotive
(C) virile
(D) clamorous
(E) evocative
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Unit Fifteen
The hockey league let the temperature of the ice
_____ the game schedule.
(A) exclaim
(B) equivocate
(C) declaim
(D) dictate
(E) advocate
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fifteen
While I think the writer has some talent, his
language is not _____ of the places he describes.
(A) colloquial
(B) evocative
(C) introspective
(D) clamorous
(E) eloquent
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Unit Fifteen
Having uttered a powerful _____ against his evil
uncle, the prince departed the kingdom.
(A) malediction
(B) covenant
(C) evocation
(D) exclamation
(E) benediction
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Unit Fifteen
Carla gave a(n) _____ speech in honor of the bride,
and everyone applauded.
(A) equivocate
(B) colloquial
(C) eloquent
(D) emotive
(E) virile
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Unit Fifteen
Miss Hutchins, my second grade teacher, never
allowed her students to _____; she wanted a yes-orno answer.
(A) clamor
(B) evoke
(C) declaim
(D) equivocate
(E) advocate
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Unit Fifteen
Tommy’s _____ reveals that he is a trained
Shakespearean actor.
(A) exclamation
(B) locution
(C) benediction
(D) declamation
(E) malediction
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Unit Fifteen
While composing the _____ for the ceremony, the
leader thought carefully about what he wanted to
say.
(A) malediction
(B) declamation
(C) vocation
(D) proclamation
(E) benediction
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fifteen
I am a(n) _____ of child safety, but I also think
children should be given some freedom.
(A) equivocate
(B) advocate
(C) exclaim
(D) dictate
(E) declaim
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fifteen
Lisa heard the _____ wailing of the babies long
before she reached the nursery.
(A) colloquial
(B) clamorous
(C) exclamatory
(D) evocative
(E) eloquent
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Unit Fifteen
On what dull topic must we listen to the professor
_____ today?
(A) evoke
(B) declaim
(C) locution
(D) dictate
(E) advocate
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Fifteen
The radio host’s remarks always struck me as
overly energetic and _____.
(A) declamatory
(B) colloquial
(C) provocative
(D) exclamatory
(E) evocative
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UNIT SIXTEEN
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Unit Sixteen
The _____ of the problem is that my friend and I
fight constantly.
(A) indolent
(B) dolorous
(C) crux
(D) excruciating
(E) fervent
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Unit Sixteen
I know that, being _____, you just want to sit
around and eat potato chips, but you should get
some exercise instead.
(A) fervent
(B) crucial
(C) acrimonious
(D) indolent
(E) doleful
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Sixteen
It is George’s _____ hope that his favorite actress
will answer his letters.
(A) excruciating
(B) dolorous
(C) acrimonious
(D) effervescent
(E) fervent
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Sixteen
The critic found the film so awful that just sitting
through it caused her_____ pain.
(A) fervent
(B) excruciating
(C) acrimonious
(D) acerbic
(E) crucial
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Unit Sixteen
The gloomy colors of the room seemed to _____
the sadness that Joyce felt.
(A) effervescent
(B) declaim
(C) indolent
(D) fervor
(E) exacerbate
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Unit Sixteen
The twins had a really _____ fight, and they hurt
each other’s feelings deeply.
(A) indolent
(B) clamorous
(C) dolorous
(D) acrimonious
(E) excruciating
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Sixteen
When Francoise heard the _____ whistle of a lonely
train, she began to weep.
(A) excruciating
(B) dolorous
(C) acrid
(D) doleful
(E) crucial
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Sixteen
If you are less _____ to the children when they ask
questions, they won’t think of you as grumpy.
(A) acerbic
(B) virile
(C) fervent
(D) eloquent
(E) doleful
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Sixteen
Hilda was amazed at the _____ Tim displayed when
talking about his beloved model trains.
(A) epitome
(B) cosmopolitan
(C) fervor
(D) locution
(E) crux
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Unit Sixteen
It is _____ that we reach the trapped skiers before
the temperature drops.
(A) colloquial
(B) cursory
(C) crucial
(D) indolent
(E) crux
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Unit Sixteen
If the fumes of the factory are so _____ that your
eyes burn, you should stay out of that area.
(A) acrimonious
(B) acrid
(C) punctilious
(D) indolent
(E) dolorous
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Unit Sixteen
I felt such _____ happiness that I seemed to be
floating instead of walking.
(A) acrimonious
(B) crucial
(C) excruciating
(D) effervescent
(E) acrid
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UNIT SEVENTEEN
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Unit Seventeen
A(n) _____ chapter explained some of the medical
terms used in the book.
(A) conscientious
(B) rationale
(C) annotated
(D) disputed
(E) prescient
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Seventeen
My _____ for cutting class and going to the beach
was that it was the first really warm day of the year.
(A) decriminalize
(B) rationale
(C) evoke
(D) dictate
(E) ingratiate
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Unit Seventeen
Fred insisted that the property line ended at the tree,
but his neighbor might _____ the claim.
(A) declaim
(B) congregate
(C) dispute
(D) impute
(E) annotate
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Unit Seventeen
Many people later called the police chief _____ for
beefing up the force prior to the major crime wave.
(A) phenomenon
(B) connotation
(C) impetuous
(D) prescient
(E) rational
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Unit Seventeen
My father believed that even a(n) _____ man could
redeem himself by doing good deeds.
(A) unconscionable
(B) disreputable
(C) clamorous
(D) irrational
(E) rationale
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Seventeen
Natasha feels that if she is _____ about doing her
job, she will make very few mistakes.
(A) conscientious
(B) prescient
(C) irrational
(D) unconscionable
(E) rational
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Unit Seventeen
Some citizens _____ the rougher winds in our town
to the destruction of trees that served as wind
blocks.
(A) denote
(B) rationalize
(C) dispute
(D) impute
(E) annotate
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Seventeen
Although I know my fear of spiders is _____, I
can’t go near them.
(A) unconscionable
(B) prescient
(C) irrational
(D) disreputable
(E) rationale
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Unit Seventeen
The dictionary’s _____ of the word surprised me,
since I’d always thought it had a different meaning.
(A) denotation
(B) epitome
(C) motif
(D) connotation
(E) annotation
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Unit Seventeen
It can be easy to _____ a bad decision if you do not
think about all the consequences.
(A) repute
(B) impute
(C) rationalize
(D) dispute
(E) denote
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Unit Seventeen
It was _____ of Dina to injure a man with her car
and then leave the scene.
(A) unconscionable
(B) irrational
(C) conscientious
(D) disreputable
(E) prescient
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Seventeen
If you know the _____ of that term, you know it is
actually a compliment.
(A) denotation
(B) malediction
(C) annotation
(D) benediction
(E) connotation
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UNIT EIGHTEEN
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Unit Eighteen
The _____ of Chris’ situation certainly made me
feel pity for him.
(A) pathos
(B) anesthetic
(C) tangible
(D) tactile
(E) sentient
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Unit Eighteen
As _____ beings, we have the power to understand
the world around us.
(A) empathetic
(B) presentiment
(C) apathetic
(D) sentient
(E) prescient
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Unit Eighteen
The changes the new boss made in the company
were both abstract and _____.
(A) tangible
(B) tactile
(C) apathetic
(D) presentiment
(E) sentient
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
We explore our environment not only through
vision and hearing, but in a(n) _____ way.
(A) tactile
(B) intact
(C) sentient
(D) pathos
(E) anesthetic
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Unit Eighteen
Although I had a(n) _____ of disaster, I stepped
onto the plane.
(A) prescient
(B) presentiment
(C) tactile
(D) pathos
(E) empathy
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Unit Eighteen
Because Gina has suffered greatly, she can feel
_____ for other people in pain.
(A) sentient
(B) intact
(C) empathy
(D) fervent
(E) sympathy
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
My arm was bruised but _____, and I walked off
the ski slope basically unhurt.
(A) tactile
(B) tangible
(C) intact
(D) doleful
(E) fractious
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
The drug had a(n) _____ effect, and Del began to
lose feeling in his leg.
(A) exclamatory
(B) sympathetic
(C) pandemic
(D) apathetic
(E) anesthetic
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
Drew is anything but _____ about democracy; he
has voted in every local, state, and national election
for ten years.
(A) sentient
(B) empathetic
(C) apathetic
(D) intact
(E) sympathetic
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
The _____ began to shout that he saw the enemy’s
torches in the distance.
(A) advocate
(B) demagogue
(C) sentinel
(D) civilian
(E) emissary
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
The _____ I had for Kip only increased when he
started insulting my friends.
(A) dolorous
(B) anesthetic
(C) tangible
(D) aesthetic
(E) antipathy
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Eighteen
Even though the beautiful old piano doesn’t work, it
has a(n) _____ value.
(A) presentiment
(B) aesthetic
(C) anesthetic
(D) sentiment
(E) evocation
Back to Table of Contents
UNIT NINETEEN
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Unit Nineteen
Although some people feel it is dangerous to be too
_____, others think you should seek knowledge
constantly.
(A) precarious
(B) acquisitive
(C) despondent
(D) requisition
(E) inquisitive
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Nineteen
The priest found himself in a(n) _____ position; he
did not know whom to trust, but he could not keep
the information secret.
(A) despondent
(B) precarious
(C) arrogant
(D) acquisitive
(E) inquisitive
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Nineteen
When France chose to _____ the treaty with
Britain, the British were outraged.
(A) deprecate
(B) correspond
(C) abrogate
(D) dispute
(E) interrogate
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Unit Nineteen
I am afraid that if the police decide to _____ me, I
will not be able to answer their questions.
(A) deprecate
(B) interrogate
(C) correspond
(D) abrogate
(E) inquisitive
Back to Table of Contents
Unit Nineteen
If you would stop screaming _____, maybe we
could talk like civilized people.
(A) imprecations
(B) requisition
(C) despondent
(D) espouse
(E) acquisitive
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Unit Nineteen
When Trina learned that she would not graduate,
she became _____.
(A) arrogant
(B) acquisitive
(C) despondent
(D) precarious
(E) inquisitive
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Unit Nineteen
The relief organization needed to _____ more food
for the hungry refugees.
(A) requisition
(B) correspond
(C) deprecation
(D) inquisition
(E) acquisition
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Unit Nineteen
Marty claims to _____ the founding principles of an
independent political party.
(A) deprecate
(B) correspond
(C) abrogate
(D) espouse
(E) implicate
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Unit Nineteen
Because of her rather _____ nature, Jill tends to
accumulate goods and possessions.
(A) acquisitive
(B) despondent
(C) requisition
(D) inquisitive
(E) precarious
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Unit Nineteen
In what many considered a(n) _____ gesture, the
senator refused to meet with any members of the
committee.
(A) derogatory
(B) inquisitive
(C) precarious
(D) despondent
(E) arrogant
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Unit Nineteen
I demanded an apology for a comment I thought
was _____.
(A) derogatory
(B) despondent
(C) restitution
(D) acquisitive
(E) precarious
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Unit Nineteen
It was Fred’s habit to _____ the achievements of his
noble family because he didn’t want to seem vain.
(A) deprecate
(B) interrogate
(C) equivocate
(D) imprecation
(E) abrogate
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UNIT TWENTY
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Unit Twenty
I could not _____ Parker from entering the beauty
contest, no matter how hard I tried.
(A) admonition
(B) dissuade
(C) conciliatory
(D) pungent
(E) counsel
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Unit Twenty
Do you think Peter’s gift of his favorite toy to KC
was a(n) _____ act, meant to win back his brother’s
favor?
(A) conciliatory
(B) incautious
(C) inquisitive
(D) precarious
(E) cautionary
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Unit Twenty
Having given Lionel a(n) _____ about being more
careful, the teacher let him go.
(A) cautionary
(B) epitomize
(C) premonition
(D) persuasion
(E) admonition
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Unit Twenty
If you _____ Reed to seek help with his homework,
he will probably take your advice.
(A) deprecate
(B) reconcile
(C) espouse
(D) persuasion
(E) counsel
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Unit Twenty
I had a terrible _____, and decided to stay home
instead of going to work.
(A) cursory
(B) premonition
(C) pandemic
(D) prescient
(E) admonition
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Unit Twenty
Be _____ when it comes to your personal finances;
try to save money.
(A) dissuasion
(B) tangible
(C) conciliatory
(D) cautious
(E) precautionary
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Unit Twenty
If you can _____ these two opinions, which are so
different, I will be amazed.
(A) correspond
(B) reconcile
(C) persuasion
(D) counsel
(E) dissuade
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Unit Twenty
As a _____, always wear a helmet when you ride
your bike.
(A) premonition
(B) admonition
(C) intact
(D) precaution
(E) dissuasion
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Unit Twenty
I am of the _____ that likes to stay in and read
books; my sister is the sort of person who likes to
go to parties and movies.
(A) counsel
(B) tome
(C) persuasion
(D) admonition
(E) arrogant
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Unit Twenty
A _____ story about not judging people made all of
us rethink our values.
(A) cautionary
(B) tacit
(C) admonition
(D) rationale
(E) premonition
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UNIT TWENTY-ONE
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Unit Twenty-One
The personal ad read, “Looking for another _____
golfer to share many hours on the golf course.”
(A) sapient
(B) insipid
(C) palatable
(D) avid
(E) bibulous
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Unit Twenty-One
Jay is a(n) _____ fellow who can often be found
cheerfully ordering a round of drinks for a group of
complete strangers.
(A) gusto
(B) avarice
(C) sapient
(D) avid
(E) bibulous
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Unit Twenty-One
Lisa found few friends who matched her intellectual
ability, and often despaired of ever coming across
anyone _____.
(A) sapient
(B) conducive
(C) invincible
(D) provincial
(E) petulant
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Unit Twenty-One
After the pep talk, the basketball players went back
to their work with new _____.
(A) benediction
(B) placebo
(C) gusto
(D) crux
(E) onus
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Unit Twenty-One
I remember so much about Paris—the sights, the
sounds, and especially the _____ pleasures.
(A) imperative
(B) palatable
(C) abject
(D) gustatory
(E) impetuous
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Unit Twenty-One
The hiring manager complained that a _____ of
workers made it difficult to find jobs for everyone.
(A) epiphany
(B) glut
(C) imprecation
(D) pathos
(E) sentinel
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Unit Twenty-One
Imagine my surprise when my date turned out to be
exciting and intelligent rather than a(n) _____
drone.
(A) gluttonous
(B) disreputable
(C) avid
(D) insipid
(E) inherent
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Unit Twenty-One
Because of television, citizens of one country may
now _____ freely of the cultures of another.
(A) infringe
(B) defer
(C) imbibe
(D) induce
(E) retract
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Unit Twenty-One
The most important vow a monk takes involves
giving up the pleasures of the world, so Brother
John’s _____ was confusing to everyone.
(A) motif
(B) aspect
(C) glut
(D) avarice
(E) tome
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Unit Twenty-One
Are the candidates’ speeches _____ to you, or do
you find them disagreeable?
(A) credible
(B) derogatory
(C) palatable
(D) punctilious
(E) insipid
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Unit Twenty-One
I was horrified to hear the mistress of the orphanage
call the rail-thin child a _____.
(A) adherent
(B) glutton
(C) culprit
(D) novice
(E) ingrate
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Unit Twenty-One
Teresa traveled the world to develop her _____ and
see what she liked.
(A) palate
(B) motif
(C) demagogue
(D) fallacy
(E) credulity
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UNIT TWENTY-TWO
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Unit Twenty-Two
I was surprised when Suha claimed to find the odor
of _____ milk delightful.
(A) rancid
(B) purported
(C) acerbic
(D) acrid
(E) avid
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Unit Twenty-Two
Contrary to popular belief, pigs are not _____
creatures.
(A) malodorous
(B) insoluble
(C) stagnant
(D) precarious
(E) abject
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Unit Twenty-Two
We hoped our fruit would last for months, but it
began to spoil and _____ in the hot, moist air.
(A) exacerbate
(B) annotate
(C) diffuse
(D) abrogate
(E) putrefy
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Unit Twenty-Two
Brian was afraid that the water gathered in the
sewer would _____ and breed disease.
(A) obviate
(B) proliferate
(C) excise
(D) stagnate
(E) incriminate
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Unit Twenty-Two
The doctors specializing in _____ disorders were
confused by the patient’s inability to smell anything
at night.
(A) olfactory
(B) odoriferous
(C) adherent
(D) gustatory
(E) sapient
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Unit Twenty-Two
Anna said that the scuffle in the street was hardly
_____ of the major brawls that had rocked the town
years before.
(A) remiss
(B) provincial
(C) bibulous
(D) diffident
(E) redolent
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Unit Twenty-Two
When peeled, the fruit has a(n) _____ odor, like
that of old socks.
(A) palatable
(B) fetid
(C) fractious
(D) placid
(E) diaphanous
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Unit Twenty-Two
Scientists studying decomposition delight in _____
matter that other people find disgusting.
(A) fervent
(B) dissolute
(C) sapient
(D) dolorous
(E) putrid
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Unit Twenty-Two
Paul showed the _____ he had felt for years when
he refused to shake my hand.
(A) infraction
(B) dispute
(C) rancor
(D) recrimination
(E) compunction
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Unit Twenty-Two
Our _____ economy seems unable to “wake up,” no
matter what major events occur.
(A) fetid
(B) odoriferous
(C) putrid
(D) rancor
(E) stagnant
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Unit Twenty-Two
Jackson hated having to drink the _____ concoction
of vitamins that his mother prepared.
(A) olfactory
(B) odoriferous
(C) adherent
(D) gustatory
(E) sapient
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