THE
ALPHABETS
USED BY
TURKS FROM
PAST TO
TODAY
CONTENTS
THE ALPHABETS USED BY
TURKS FROM PAST TO TODAY
DEFINITION OF THE
ALPHABETS
 THE
SIGNICANT WORKS
WRITTEN WITH THE
ALPHABETS
 THE
 REPORT
ALPHABETS
-GOKTURK ALPHABET
-UYGHUR ALPHABET
-CYRILLIC ALPHABET
TYbPK
-ARABIC ALPHABET
-LATIN ALPHABET
TÜRK
THE ALPHABETS USED BY TURKS
Göktürk
VII-IX.
TIME PERIOD centuries
Uygur
Arap
Latin
VIII-XVIII. centuries
XI-XX.
centuries
From the
early XX.
NUMBER OF
THE
LETTERS
38 letters:4
vowels, 26
consonant,
8 agglutinate
18 letters: 4 vowels,
14 consonant
29 letters: 3
vowels, 27
consonant
29 letters:8
vowels, 21
consonant
DIRECTION
OF WRITING
From right to
left, or upside
to downside
From right to left or
upside to downside
From right to
left
From left to
right
BASIC
FEATURES
The letters
are separated
from each
other.There is
“:” between
the words
The letters are
written in a different
way at the
beginning, in the
middle and in the
end
The letters
are written in
a different
way at the
beginning, in
the middle
and in the end
The letters
can be
written apart
or in
handwriting
GOKTURK ALPHABET

Gokturk Alphabet was the first
known Turkish alphabet in the history
of Turkish nations. It was commonly
used by Turks between 7th and 9th
centuries. Because of
a superficial
resemblance to the inscriptions, the
alphabet
Alphabet”
is
also
known
as
“Runic
GOKTURK ALPHABET
Of the 38 characters generally used, 4 are vowels,
26 are consonant, and 8 are agglutinatives. It is necessary
to know or predict these words which have rounded
vowels (o,ö,u,ü).It is written from right to left or upside to
downside.The letters don’t attach with each other and
they are also suitable for writing on stones and objects.
This
alphabet
was
deciphered
by
William
Thomsen,from Denmark. The Kultigin Monument written
in 732 has been accepted as the first written work of
Turkish Literature.
GOKTURK ALPHABET
Tonyukuk
inscription has two
obelisks with four
sides and is also
known
oldest
as
the
work
written in Gokturk
Alphabet.
On these stones,
it is mentioned that how
Gokturks escaped from
slavery of Chinese, how
the
independence
occured
and
war
what
Tonyukuk succeded. The
first inscription is 243cm
and the second one is
217 height. In the first
inscription there are 27
lines in Turkish text with
Gokturk Alphabet
UYGHUR ALPHABET
It is the most important alphabet used
by Turks,after Gokturk alphabet and before the
Arabic Alphabet
From the 8th to 18th century, Uyghur
was spoken far and wide from East Turkistan to
Istanbul.
This
alphabet
was
derived
from
Sogdian Alphabet which was originallay derived
from
the
Aramic.
It
is
possible
that
this
alphabet known as Uyghur was also spoken by
the other Turks.
UYGUR ALPHABET
One of the three works of Kutadgu Bilig was written in
Uyghur Alphabet.
Of
the
18
characters
used,
4
are
vowels,
14
are
consonant. As in Arabic Alphabet, the letters are written in a
different way at the beginning, in the middle and in the end.
Even though Uyghur Alphabet was not appropriate for
writing in Turkish, it was used almost 1000 years. Most of the
works written in Uyghur Alphabet were the texts of Buddhism,
Manichaeism and Christian. This alphabet was also used after
adopting Islam.
TARYAT MONUMENT
Taryat monument,
which
was
pieces,was
Taryat
in
three
found
region.
in
The
monument consisting of
29+1 lines is now in the
History Museum in Ulan
Batur.
ARABIC ALPHABET
Throughout history, Arabian alphabet was the
most commonly used alphabet in the articles translated
to the Turkish Language. Arabian alphabet was probably
used after adopting Islam.
There are still Turkish people who use this
alphabet nowadays. The first community who wrote
Turkish with the Arabic alphabet was Karakhanids.
According to the present data, the first text written
with this alphabet is called “Divan-ı Lügati’t Türk”.
ARABIC ALPHABET
DİVANÜ LÜGATİ’T-TÜRK
Divanü
Lügati't-Türk
was an Arabic Dictionary
written
by
Mahmud
al-
Kashgari between 1072 and
1074.
Besides
being
the
oldest dictionary of Turkish
Language, it was the most
extensive
and
the
most
important
language
piece
about
Turkish.
the
West
Asian
CYRILLIC ALPHABET
After the Arabic alphabet, in writing Ottoman
Turkish and in Turkish language and dialect outside
of Turkey, it was one of the most commonly used
alphabet .
Turks,whom were under the control of former
soviet union, adopted this alphabet by Stalin regime
between 1937 and 1940. Different alphabets were
prepared for each Turk clan. Because of this, 20
cyrillic
alphabet
was
used
among
the
Turks.
However, the tendecy towards changing the alphabet
increased after the collapse of Soviet Union.
CYRILLIC ALPHABET
LATIN ALPHABET
After the alphabet reform made by Atatürk
in 1928, Latin Alphabet is the last alphabet used in
writing Turkey’s Turkish.
Of the 29 characters, 21 are consonant and 8
are vowels. It is written from left to right. The
characters can be written by attaching each other
or not. The characters in this alphabet are different
from the original Latin Alphabet. There are no
characters like "q/Q", "x/X" and "w/W". On the other
hand there are characters like ı, ö, ü, ğ, ç and ş.
LATIN ALPHABET