Current Bibliographic Trends
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Polish Users Group 2014
Emily A. Burgos
June , 2014
University of Gdańsk
CS Librarian & Project Manager
VTLS Europe
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RDA
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RDA
What is RDA?
Resource Description and Access
Set of cataloging rules
Update of AACR2r 3
RDA is independent from the Marc
format
Based of FRBR and FRAD models
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RDA Implementation Scenarios
Number 3 – Flat file data structure
Number 2 – Linked bibliographic and authority
records
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Number 1 – Relational/Object oriented data
structure
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RDA
Why?
Simplify the cataloging rules
Originally designed to integrate the FRBR model
Address current problems with GMD, SMD (limited)
Designed for a digital environment
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International applicability (not only Anglo-American)
Not tied to a specific format (Marc21, MarcXML,
DubinCore, etc.)
Although Marc21 will have to adapt to RDA since it
adds new fields
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Changes for RDA
Changes in terminology
“Main Entry” is now “Controlled Access Point”
Author is “Creator”
“see reference” is “variant access point”…
“Rule of three” is not used anymore
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ISBD punctuation is not required, only an option
GMD/SMDs are greatly modified. Three new fields
are added: 336 (content type) 337 (carrier type)
and 338 (media type)
“Take what you see and accept what you get”
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Changes in RDA cont.
Bible headings will not include O.T or N.T. but
“New Testament” or “Old Testament.
Latin abbreviations will be abandoned in favour of
natural language phrases:
s.l.: Place of publication 8not identified
s.n. : Publisher not identified
Relator ($e in 100, 110…) is used more often.
264 tag has been added to add more publication
information.
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Special mention
Content Type (336)
The form of communication through which a
work is expressed. Example: text, performed
music…
Media Type (337)
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General type of intermediation device required
to view, play, run, etc., the content of a
resource. Example: audio, video…
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Special mention
Carrier Type (338)
Format of the storage medium and housing of a
carrier in combination with the media type.
Example: audiodisc, videodisc…
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Example of a book description:
336 $a text $2 rdacontent
337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia
338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier
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Special mention
Tag 264
Information in field 264 is similar to information 260.
Field 264 is useful for cases where the content standard
or institutional policies make a distinction between
functions (by using 2nd indicator: 0-Production, 111
Publication, 2-Distribution, etc.
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Changes in RDA Authorities
New fields have been added to the authority
records:
Special coded dates (046 $f)
Associated place (370)
Address (371)
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Field of Activity (372)
Affiliation (373)
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Changes in RDA Authorities (cont)
New fields have been added to the authority
records:
Occupation (374)
Gender (375)
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Family information (376)
Associated language (377)
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RDA Scenario One
What is it?
Linked Records using FRBR model
Use of the FRBR entities:
Work
Expression
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Manifestation
Items/holdings
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RDA Scenario One
Work: Distinct intellectual or artistic creation
A Work contains:
Preferred title (form of work, dates)
Person associated with work (primary,
secondary)
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Notes
Subjects (concept, object, event, place…)
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RDA Scenario One
Expression: Intellectual or artistic realization of the work in
the form of alpha-numeric notation, music, image,
movement, etc. or any combination of such forms
An Expression contains:
Content Type (336)
Language of expression
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Date of expression
Other distinguishing characteristics
Person associated with expression
Notes
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RDA Scenario One
Manifestation: contains the details on the bibliographic
item catalogued: publisher, edition, pages, etc.
A Manifestation contains:
Title proper
Statement of responsibility
Edition statement
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Publication statement
Notes
Media type (337)
Carrier type (338)
Items/holdings attached
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RDA Scenario One
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The “problem”
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FRBR – the solution
Work:
Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone
J.K. Rowling
Subject
Notes on the work
Expression:
In French
In English
In audiobook
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Notes from the translator
Manifestation:
Publisher Mondadori
Publisher Penguin
3rd Edition
Notes from the Publisher
Item:
Barcode: 587234235
Topográfico: JN Row
Notes from that specific item (e.g. donation)
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FRBR Model
Work
Work
Expression
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Manifestation
Item
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RDA
A work “is realized by” by an expression
An expression “is embodied in” a
manifestation
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A manifestation “is exemplified by” an item
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RDA
Let’s see an example in our FRBR database!
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Helpful links
RDA Toolkit: http://www.rdatoolkit.org (requires
subscription)
Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA:
http://www.rda-jsc.org/rda.html
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RDA in Marc: http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC.html
LC Training Materials:
http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/LC%20RDA%20Traini
ng/LC%20RDA%20course%20table.html
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Bear in mind
FRBR can be implemented independently from RDA and RDA
can be implemented independently from FRBR, however
RDA was designed to be integrated together with the FRBR
model.
An RDA database can contain FRBR and non-FRBR records
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VTLS offers scripts to identify
and FRBRize those records
that can be FRBRized.
You can FRBRize and unFRBRize the records in your
database at any time.
VTLS offers the possibility to create “Superworks”
You have the option to revert the FRBR tree
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Implementation Example
Jewish Public Library de Montréal:
//catalog.jewishpubliclibrary.org:9011/
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (Mexico):
http://uanl.vtlseurope.com/
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Questions?
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BIBFRAME
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Polish Users Group 2014
Emily A. Burgos
June , 2014
Gdansk, Poland
CS Librarian & Project Manager
VTLS Europe
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BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME Initiative is:
The future of bibliographic description
the web
networked world
To integrate with and engage in the wider information comunity
(not only libraries)
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http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/
http://bibframe.org/
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BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME Initiative tries to:
Differentiate clearly between conceptual content and its
physical/digital manifestation(s)
Unambiguously identify information entities (e.g., authorities)
Expose relationships between and among entities
Create a new way to represent and exchange bibliographic
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data – that is, replace the Machine Readable Cataloging
(MARC) format
But the scope is broader
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BIBFRAME
Contracted with Zepheira the development of the model (May
2012)
Also Zepheira’s tasks:
Develop prototype services and tools to enable
experimentation
Create a roadmap for moving forward toward refinement,
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redevelopment, or alternative approaches
https://zepheira.com/
Early experimentation started Oct-Nov 2012
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BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME Model:
conceptual/practical model
For detailed bibliographic description,
For other cultural materials,
For those who do not require such a detailed level of
description.
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There are four high-level classes, or entities, in the BIBFRAME
Model:
Work,
Instance
Authority
Annotation
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BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME Model Elements:
Work: identifies the conceptual essence of something
Instance: reflects the material embodiment of a Work
Authority: identifies a thing or concept associated with a
BIBFRAME Work or Instance
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Annotation. provides a new way to expand the
description of a BIBFRAME Work, Instance, or Authority
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BIBFRAME
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BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME Model Vocabulary
Key to the description of resources.
Defined set of classes and properties.
A class identifies a type of BIBFRAME resource (like a MARC field
might bundle a single concept);
properties serve a means to further describe a BIBFRAME resource
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(much like MARC subfields more specifically identify aspects of the
concept)
http://bibframe.org/vocab/
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BIBFRAME
Difference between MARC and BIBFRAME
MARC bundles everything neatly as a record and duplicates
information accros multiple records
The BIBFRAME Model relies on relationships between resources
(W2W, W2I, W2A…) and the use of controlled identifiers for things
(VIAF, etc.)
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MARC employs these ideas already but BIBFRAME seeks to make
these aspects the norm rather than the exception
Ultimate goal: make BIBFRAME the entry point to a web of data
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BIBFRAME
Is it ready yet?
No, the model and its components is still in discussion and
development
Tool to convert MARC to BIBFRAME
http://bibframe.org/tools/ (example: 9698343)
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Expectation: we will have dual systems for a long time
Early Experimenters
British Library, George Washington University, Princeton
University, Deutsche National Bibliothek, National Library of
Medicine, OCLC, and the Library of Congress.
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BIBFRAME
They are looking to increase their groups of implementers right
now.
Testbed:
http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/implementation/testbed.html
BIBFRAME listserv
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Example of the German National Library
https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?query=lady+of+secret+devotion
&method=simpleSearch
Recommended reading: http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/marcldreport-11-21-2012.pdf
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BIBFRAME
Requirements to implement BIBFRAME
Ability to support linked records
Ability to support the BibFRAME data model
Ability to support BibFrame records and traditional MARC
records. XML and Marc need to coexist (MMS)
Ability to display hierarchic records (like FRBR)
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A navigation and visualization system that allows users to see
the links between entities and navigate them.
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BIBFRAME
VTLS linked data implementations
VTLS has four implementations using linked data
FRBR – implemented at several locations
ISAD – International Standard Archival Data
RDA – using FRBR model
BibFrame – using ISAD model (in progress)
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BIBFRAME
WHY ISAD?
FRBR is too rigid
Only four levels
Items can be attached only to lowest level
Cannot skip levels
ISAD hierarchy is very flexible
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As many levels as you like …. This allows for easy
changes if required in the future
Items can be attached to any level
Can skip levels if required
Flexibility is important as BIBFRAME is still evolving
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BIBFRAME
Example
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BIBFRAME
Zoom-in view
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BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME view
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BIBFRAME
Viewing an instance record
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BIBFRAME
Viewing an annotation linked to an instance
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BIBFRAME
Linked Data Visualization
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