Virtualization at Work
An Introduction to CHARON products for Value Added Resellers
Dogan Baser / Oct 2011
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
30-61-023-10 p 1
Contents
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DEC computers
Why virtualization
CHARON products overview
Licensing
Support
VMS and Tru64 transfers
CHARON on VMware
Clustering
Benefits
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IT applications are socio-technical systems
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
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DEC computers
PDP
VAX
Alpha
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
Programmable Data Processor
(PDP-11: 16 bit)
Virtual Address eXtension
(32 bit)
Extended VAX
(64 bit)
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PDP-11
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Sold by DEC between 1970 and 1997
First real time process control computer in the industry sold in large quantities
Several bus structures: UNIbus, Qbus, Massbus
Cloned several times in the Eastern Block countries
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Several operating systems by DEC and others:
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RSX-11: Real time process control OS with preemptive task scheduling
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If somebody is still using a PDP-11 today, it is because he could not migrate 
he is in great difficulties
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SM-4, SM-1420, SM-1600, Elektronika BK-0010, DVK, UKNC (Soviet Union)
SM-4, SM-1420, IZOT-1016 (Bulgaria)
SM-1420 (East Germany)
Mera (Poland)
SM-4 (Hungary)
I-102 (Romenia)
– DOS/BATCH, IAS, P/OS, CAPS-11, RT-11, RSX-11, RSTS/E, Ultrix-11
– ANDOS, MKDOS, MONECS, CSIDOS, TRIPOS, MUMPS, Unix V7, BSD, DEMOS (Soviet
Union), TSX-Plus, Rumor (ABB)
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VAX, a legend
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Introduced at October 25th, 1977
Together with Virtual Memory System VMS or OpenVMS
First commercially available 32 bit computer
First installations in Carnegie Mellon University and CERN
Made DEC the #2 computer manufacturer worldwide by 1982
Nightmare of any other computer manufacturer between 1980- 90
Shipped over 500,000 times worldwide
USA DoD prohibited export into Eastern Block
Cloned several times
An entirely compatible family of computers with 100s of models
Sold until 2000
The operating system OpenVMS has outlived its host platform
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Alpha AXP
• Introduced in 1992, end of life in 2007
• 64-bit RISC processor
• OpenVMS, Tru64 UNIX, Windows NT
• Gentoo Linux, Debian GNU/Linux, Slackware, Red Hat, Berkeley
Software Distribution NetBSD, OpenBSD, FreeBSD
• Very large user community
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DEC users, what now?
• Binary translation
• Native migration
• Virtualization
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Binary translation
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From VAX to ALPHA: Using OMSVA
From ALPHA to Itanium: Using OMSAI
Both delivered by Stromasys to HP, freeware
Fastest and most inexpensive solution
Does not need the source code
However, some serious limitations apply, such as the availability of
older languages on the target platform
VMS only
User-mode applications, only
Does not allow for future enhancements on target platform
VAX to Itanium needs two steps
Will impact performance
Not all applications are binary translatable
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Native migration to a new platform
• Produces native application on the target platform
• Almost every application can be migrated
• Partial redesign during migration allows for replacing the
programming language, middleware, user interface and design
• Further development and maintenance on target platform
• May give a performance boost
• However, will take long to implement
• Presents serious risks (time, functionality, QA, re-certification)
• Source code needed
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HW virtualization, the principle
Applications
Layered software
No changes
VAX/Alpha OS
CHARON-VAX or -AXP
VAX/Alpha
hardware
platform
Hardware
Replaced!
Operating System
Host computer
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Virtualization
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Does not need the source code
Replaces old HW by modern HW
No significant migration efforts. Upgrades immediately, quickly, simply
Inexpensive
No risk
Reduces computer footprint, energy consumption and cooling
significantly
• Preserves current investments
– Keeps current applications
– Keeps current business processes, no impact on day-to-day operations
– No re-training, no re-staffing, no re-certification
• Increases performance
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Virtual systems with VMware ESX (same platform virtualization)
Same system
architecture
VM
VM
Same system
architecture
In this environment, the Virtual Machines have the same architecture and instruction set as the hardware host system
Virtual legacy systems with CHARON (cross-platform virtualization)
Applications
Layered Software
In this environment, the Virtual Machines
have a (very) different architecture and
instruction set from the host.
VAX/Alpha OS
Virtual VAX / Alpha
Hardware Virtualization
Different
System
Architecture
Host Computer
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Inside CHARON
SCSI VAX/Alpha
VAX
disk
Memory
CPU CPU
VAX
Emulator
System bus
interface
VAX/Alpha
VAX
Console
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
Ethernet
SCSI VAX
VAX/Alpha tape
Disk controller
Tape controller
Serial ports
Host system disk
Virtual disk
Tape image
VTxxx
Terminal, etc
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CHARON characteristics
Full hardware compatibility
• Tested with DEC’s diagnostics and architecture tests (AXE)
Operating System independent
• Runs VMS, VAXEln, Tru64 UNIX, Ultrix, NetBSD, etc,
• All versions
Easy to migrate
• No VAX/Alpha binary code changes
• No VAX/Alpha application source code required
• No special host system or VAX/Alpha Operating System drivers
Keep the benefits of current operating systems
• Supports NI clustering, shared disk clustering, shadowing, striping
• DECnet, Ethernet, TCP/IP, LAT…
• VMS security
Add the benefits of modern technologies
• Lower cost of ownership
• Higher performance
• Smaller system footprint
• Faster networking
• More and faster storage, SAN, NAS
• Hardware independency (upgradeable/replaceable host)
• Multiple virtual systems on one host, simple server consolidation
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
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CHARON-VAX history
• Design start: April 1999
• First VMS logon: March 2000
• First customer shipment in September 2000, 10 VUPS
• High-end product : June 2002, 50+ VUPS
• Shared disk clustering: August 2004
• SMP VAX emulators : Sept 2004, 250+ VUPS
• VAX 6660 emulator : Sept 2005, 900+ VUPS
• Can replace any VAX or VAX cluster ever built
• Lightweight and portable
– Developed 100% in C++
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CHARON-AXP history
• Announced and shipping since 2006
• Benefiting from CHARON brand name and established confidence in
the market
• Sales volumes increasing much faster than CHARON-VAX
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CHARON products overview
• Alpha virtualizations
CHARON-AXP/SMA, CHARON-AXP/SMA+, CHARON-AXPstation
CHARON-AXP/3000, /4100, /DS10, /DS20, /ES40, /GS80, /GS160
• Low- to mid-range VAX virtualizations
CHARON-VAX/XM/XL/XK
• High-end VAX virtualizations
CHARON-VAX/66x0
• Real-time or embedded VAX and PDP-11 virtualization
CHARON-TB
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CHARON-AXP products
CHARON-AXP product
Alpha hardware model replaced
Platform (64 bit)
CHARON-AXP/SMA
AlphaServer 2100/300, 2000/275, 1000/266
DEC3000/800, 3000/600, 3000/400
Windows Server 2003 , 2008-R2, 7, XP
VMware vSphere 4.1 (ESXi4.1 update 1)
CHARON-AXP/SMA+
AlphaServer 800, 1200, 4000, 4100,
DMCC/Flexor
AlphaStation 500, 600, DPW, XP900, XP1000
Windows, VMware
CHARON-AXP/4100
AlphaServer 400, 800, 1000(A) , 1200, 2000,
2100, 4000 or 4100
Windows, VMware,
Fedora Core 14, Red Hat Enterprise 6
CHARON-AXP/DS10
AlphaServer DS10, AlphaServer DS15
Windows, VMware, Linux
CHARON-AXP/DS20
AlphaServer DS20, DS25
Windows, VMware, Linux
CHARON-AXP/ES40
AlphaServer ES40
Windows, VMware, Linux
CHARON-AXP/GS80
AlphaServer GS80, ES80
Windows, VMware, Linux
CHARON-AXP/GS160
AlphaServer GS160, GS80
Windows, VMware, Linux
CHARON-AXP/GS320
AlphaServer GS320, GS1280
Windows, VMware, Linux
CHARON-AXPstation
AlphaStation 200, 250, 255
Windows, VMware
PersonalAlpha
Concept demo, free, not for commercial use
Windows, 32 and 64 bit
NCE products
Concept demo, free, not for commercial use
Windows, VMware. Linux
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Feature overview
CHARON-AXP/
SMA(+)
4100
DS10
DS20
ES40
GS80
GS160
1
2
1
1
2
4
8
No (Yes)
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
1 (4)
2/4
1
2
4
8
16
8 (16)
GB
2 / 32 GB
32 GB
32 GB
32 GB
64 GB
128 GB
Ethernet (DE435, DE450, DE500) support
Yes
Yes
Yes
(2 fixed)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
SCSI adapter (KZPBA) support
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
(2 fixed)
Yes
Yes
(1 fixed)
Yes
(1 fixed)
FibreChannel adapter (KGPSA) support 1)
Bypass
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Maximum number of adapters supported
(Ethernet, SCSI and FibreChannel)
20
3-17
6
8
10
28
28
IDE support
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
FDDI support
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
6.1 (6.21h3)
6.2-1h3
7.1-2
7.1-2
7.1-2
7.2-1h1
7.2-1h1
3.2 (4.0B)
3.2C
4.0F
4.0F
4.0F
4.0G
4.0G
Virtualized hardware
Number of Alpha CPU’s in base license
Additional Alpha CPU’s
Maximum number of Alpha CPU’s supported
Maximum supported Alpha memory
Earliest OpenVMS version
Earliest Tru64 version
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CHARON-VAX products (x86)
Product
Platform , 32 or 64 bit
VMS
Memory
May replace
CHARON-VAX/XM
• Windows Server 2003 ,
2008-R2, 7, XP
• VMware vSphere 4.1
(ESXi4.1 update 1)
• Fedora Core 14, Red Hat
Enterprise 6
4.5 (*)
128 MB
VAX-11,/xxx, µVAX I, II, 2000, 3300,
3400, 3500, 3600, 3800, 3900, 3100-85,
VAXstation I, II, 8xxx, 2000, 3100-38, 48,
76, 4000 -30, 60, 200, 300, 400,
VAX 3100-10, 20, 30, 40,
6000-210, 310, 410-430, 510, 520
CHARON-VAX/XM Plus
Windows, VMware, Linux
4.5 (*)
128 MB
µVAX3100-90, 95, 96, 98
VAX 4000 -100, 105, 500, 600, 700, 705,
VAXstation 4000 models 90, 96. 98
VAX 6000, models 440-460, 530-560
CHARON-VAX/XK Plus
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
256 MB
like XM+ with large memory
CHARON-VAX/XL
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
512 MB
like XM with large memory
CHARON-VAX/XL Plus
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
512 MB
like XM+ with large memory
CHARON-VAX/6610 +
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
1 GB
Large SMP VAXes with single CPU (6000,
7000, 9000, 10000)
CHARON-VAX/6620 +
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
2 GB
with 2 CPUs
CHARON-VAX/6630 +
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
2 GB (**)
with 3 CPUs
CHARON-VAX/6660 +
Windows, VMware, Linux
5.5-2
2 GB (**)
Up to maximum # of CPUs
CHARON-TB
Windows
4.5 (*)
512 MB
Like XM, for VAXes with non-standard HW
(*) Memory size depends on the CPU emulated
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
(*)
(*)
(*)
(**) 3GB memory on 64 bit Windows
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CHARON-VAX on OpenVMS IPF
Product
Platform
Earliest VMS
version supported
Emulated
Memory Size
May replace
CHARON-VAX/3198 for
OpenVMS Integrity
OpenVMS
V8.3-1H1
or higher
5.5-2h4
512 MB
VAX3100 -80, -85, -90,
-95, -96, -98
VAX4000 -96, -98
CHARON-VAX/4705 for
OpenVMS Integrity
OpenVMS
V8.3-1H1
5.5-2h4
512 MB
VAX4000
CHARON-VAX/6610 Plus
for OpenVMS Integrity
OpenVMS
V8.3-1H1
5.5-2h4
1 GB
Large SMP VAXes with
single CPU
CHARON-VAX/6620 Plus
for OpenVMS Integrity
OpenVMS
V8.3-1H1
5.5-2h4
3 GB
Large SMP VAXes with
two CPUs
CHARON-VAX/6630 Plus
for OpenVMS Integrity
OpenVMS
V8.3-1H1
5.5-2h4
3 GB
Large SMP VAXes with
three CPUs
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
-300 ,-400,
-500, -600,
-700, -705
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Which CHARON-VAX to Use ?
Decision factors:
• Platform
• VMS version to run
• Memory size need
• Performance need
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CHARON licensing
INDIVIDUAL License
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A single instance of a product on one host system
MULTI-INSTANCE License
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One or multiple instances of a product on one host system
The host must provide sufficient resources (= CPU cores, memory, NW cards)
for the total of all instances, plus Windows
All instances of a given product will have the same license characteristics (=
expiration date, number of CPUs and RAM)
NETWORK License
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One or multiple instances of a product on multiple hosts in a network
For all license types
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Unlimited license, or
Yearly license
Price ratios: Unlimited : Initial year : Extensions = 100% : 40% : 40%
Mix of CHARON-VAX and AXP products possible with HASP license keys
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Support
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CHARON product support
– From Stromasys or a Stromasys-certified support organization (SDO)
– GOLD Support: 5 days / 8 hours
– PLATINUM Support: 7 days / 24 hours*
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VMS and Layered Products support
– From HP, as usual
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http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/sri-charon-vax-emulator.html
Tru64 and Layered Products support
– From HP, as usual
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http://h30097.www3.hp.com/stromasys/stromasys-alpha-emulator-sw.html
Oracle support
– From Oracle Corp, as usual
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http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/rdb/charon-vax-097107.html
* Subject to geographical availability
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HP’s VMS and Tru64 transfers
Right to transfer OpenVMS or Tru64 to the Virtual Alpha
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Operating system
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All supported layered products
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Now available through Stromasys
For OpenVMS
http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/sri-charon-vax-emulator.html
For Tru64
http://h30097.www3.hp.com/stromasys/stromasys-alpha-emulator-sw.html
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
30-61-023-10 p 28
Oracle transfers
• No consistent worldwide treatment by Oracle
• Price on VAX and Alpha = f (# of CPUs)
• Price on CHARON =
– Best case:
f (# of Virtual CPUs)
– Worst case:
f (# of host CPU cores)
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
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Oracle transfers
• No consistent worldwide treatment by Oracle
• Price on VAX and Alpha = f (# of CPUs)
• Price on CHARON =
– Best case:
f (# of Virtual CPUs)
– Oracle LMS rule: f (# of host CPU cores * CPLF )
• CPLF = Core Processor Licensing Factor
http://www.oracle.com/jp/direct/processor-core-factor-table-jp-168076-ja.pdf#search="/processor-core-factor-table"
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30-61-023-10 p 30
CHARON on VMware ESXi
• Why two virtualization layers?
– Market requirement for VMware support
– May help fulfilling some corporate data center policy
requirements
– Allows mixing Windows or Linux CHARON with other operating
systems on the same multi-core host
• However, there is a performance price
• Restrictions apply with vMotion
• If non of the above is required, then please use the
multi-instance license feature of CHARON !
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VMS clustering
• NI clusters
– Always possible, mixed or pure
• Shared Disk Clustering, prerequisites
– Ethernet connection for the Lock Manager traffic
– Concurrent accessibility of the storage device
– Identical device designation for the storage device in all nodes
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Tru64 clustering
• Tru64 V4.X and V5.X
– Ethernet connection
– Concurrent access of shared SCSI disks
• Tru64 V4.X
– Production Server (Memory Channel) Clusters currently not
supported
• Tru64 V5.X
– Shared SCSI disks must have identical WWIDs on all nodes
– Memory Channel Interconnect must be replaced with Ethernet
Interconnect, which requires V5.1A
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Why virtualization
• Hardware is end-of-life
• Service costs have increased significantly
• Operational costs (e.g. energy consumption, footprint) are excessive
• Application rewriting and re-certification may be expensive & risky
• Experts and/or application source code not always available
• Automatic binary conversion to OpenVMS/IPF does not always work
• Market expects modern platforms
• Higher performance needs
• Tru64 Unix
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Benefits
• Replace old and expensive HW by modern HW
• Significantly reduce cost of ownership
• Preserve current investments
– Keep current applications
– Keep current business processes, no impact on day-to day operations
– No re-training, no re-staffing, no re-certification
• Extend on new platforms, create room for future growth
• Become HW independent
• Increase performance
• Scalable size and licensing conditions in line with client’s needs
• Upgrade immediately, quickly, simply
• Reduce space needs significantly
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
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Some CHARON-VAX users
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BT, US Dept. of Defense (Pentagon), many Navies, Air Forces and Armies,
Contraves, Dresdner Bank, Bosch, CMC Electronics, GAFSA, Bank Morval,
Ferrero, Ishida, Brittany Ferries, Robotek, Stahlwerk Bous, Alcatel, Lexmark,
many hospitals in USA and Australia, many counties in USA, EDF, Warner
Robbins, Ship Analytics, Vattenfall, Dow Chemical, Bell Group, Janssen
Pharmaceutica, ProQuest Allison, many universities, AKZO Nobel, General
Dynamics, Rolls Royce, GE, P&R, Vodaphone, Philip Morris, Philips, Jaguar,
Opel, British Energy, Elvia, Teijin Dupont, Optus, IASCO, NAMSA, Corus
steel, Samsung, Toshiba, ABB, Raytheon, HP, EST Enerji, Nortel, Scania,
VEBA, BREGA, Swedish Steel, Barco, Oracle, Agfa, Northrop Grumman,
TRW, Airbus, Boeing, Lockheed, Voestalpine, Medisuisse, Migros PK, Spida,
Vibro-Meter, Milano Railways, SBB/CFF, Hitachi, Nikon, Fujitsu, HSBC, EDS,
Thales, Nokia, EADS, Ferrari, Ford, Fidelity … and many others
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
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Some CHARON-AXP users
Europe
 Arma Suisse
 BCC
 BP
 Bundeswehr
 Commerzbank
 Degremont
 Eurofighter
 European Space Agency
 Fugro UK
 Huntsmann Chemicals
 Gallimard France
 GlaxoSmithKline Italy
 Kirchenrat Stuttgart
 Metalli Italy
 Oto Melara
 Philips Medical Systems
 Police Netherlands
 RAF UK
 Stockholm Public Transport
 Urano Germany
Global
 Nikon
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
Americas
 ACSSD
 Brooks Automation
 Bureau of Census
 Cargill
 Catalyst Paper
 Caterpillar
 Cedar Rapids Corn Mill
 Central de Valores Chili
 City of Oklahoma
 Fedex
 General Dynamics
 ITT
 Jefferson Parish Sherriff
 New Brunswick Power
 OSPI
 Penton
 RL Polk
 South Central Power
Australia/New Zealand
 ABC
 St. Vincents Hospitals
 Workcover
 Wyeth Pharmaceuticals
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For more information
Stromasys SA
www.stromasys.com
P.O. Box 156
Product descriptions
1228 Plan-les-Ouates
Application notes
Switzerland
Documentation
Tel. +41 22 794 1070
Utility downloads
Fax +41 22 794 1073
Partner pages
info@stromasys.com
Copyright 2001-2011Stromasys SA
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