Byzantine Empire
Part II
The Christian Church
Objective
• Compare and Contrast the Eastern Orthodox and Roman
Catholic Churches.
• Explain why the Great Schism of 1054 happened.
Lets read to learn more about
the Eastern Orthodox Church!
• Read pages 64-65 in your History Alive textbook.
• Answer the questions in your notes packet.
What was the relationship between religion
and government in the Byzantine Empire?
What was the relationship
between religion and
government in the Byzantine
Empire?
• Religion and government were closely linked.
The emperor was believed to be both the head
of the government and the living representative
of Jesus Christ.
How did the Eastern Orthodox Church play a
central role in the daily life of Byzantines?
How did the Eastern Orthodox
Church play a central role in
the daily life of Byzantines?
• Most people attended church regularly
and received sacraments at every stage of
their lives. Monasteries and convents
cared for the poor and sick.
ActivInspire Flip Chart
COMPARING THE ROMAN CATHOLIC
AND EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCHES
Hagia Sophia (pg. 65)
*built during the reign of Justinian
*Largest of Justinian’s 25 new churches
*built in 5 years
*Also known as the Church of Holy Wisdom
*became a mosque when Constantinople fell to the Turks *Today is a museum
*height – 180 feet
*diameter – 107 feet
*dome contains 40
stained glass
windows at it’s
circumference.
*Mosaics – pictures
made of pieces of
colored glass or
stone inlaid in
plaster. These
glittered in the
daytime.
*plain exterior symbolizes earthly life
*ornate interior symbolizes heaven
*size, thick pillars and open spaces show Roman influence
*intricate and ornate design shows Eastern (Asian) influences
Icons
• A type of religious
image or object.
• Let’s read more to
learn about the role
icons played in the
church. (pg.65)
Icons – pictures of
important Christians or
events. They take the form
of murals, wooden panels
or mosaics.
Catholic Church
*Catholic is Latin for
“Universal”
*Masses conducted in Latin
*Pope is the supreme
religious leader
*Clergy does not marry
WEST
Orthodox Church
*Orthodox is Greek for
“Correct Belief”
*Masses conducted in
Greek; Bible translated
into various languages
*Patriarch appointed by
the Byzantine Emperor
*Bishops don’t marry, but
priests can
EAST
Time to find out more!
• Why did the Schism of 1054 take place?
• Read pages 66-67 in your History Alive
textbook and answer the questions in
your note packet.
Why did Byzantine emperor Leo
III forbid the use of icons in 730?
Leo III believed that people were wrongly
worshiping the icons themselves.
How did the pope react to Leo’s
order?
• Pope Gregory III excommunicated the emperor.
• Excommunicate: Kick out of the church!
What event in 800 increased tensions
between the east and west?
• In 800, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne , the
king of the Franks, as Holy Roman emperor. This
outraged the Byzantines, who felt they were the
rightful rulers of the Roman Empire.
How did the relationship between the Eastern Orthodox
Church and the Roman Catholic Church change in 1054?
How did the relationship between the Eastern
Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic
Church change in 1054?
• In 1054 a schism, or formal division,
resulted in the Eastern Orthodox Church
and the Roman Catholic Church becoming
two separate Christian churches.
In the west, icons
were respected
Icons – pictures of
important Christians or
events. They take the form
of murals, wooden panels
or mosaics.
In the east, icons
were used, but many
disapproved of them
The Schism of 1054
Catholic Church
*Catholic is Latin for
“Universal”
*Masses conducted in Latin
*Pope is the supreme
religious leader
*Clergy does not marry
WEST
1. Christians in the Holy
(Western) Roman Empire
used icons because few
people could read.
2. Some people in the
Byzantine Empire
disapproved of showing
devotion to icons.
3. The controversy
continued for years. It
was one of many conflicts
between the Church in the
east and in the west.
4. In 1054, the Christian
Church split into two
churches forever
Orthodox Church
*Orthodox is Greek for
“Correct Belief”
*Masses conducted in
Greek; Bible translated
into various languages
*Patriarch appointed by
the Byzantine Emperor
*Bishops don’t marry, but
priests can
EAST
Can we recognize more details in the song?
Exit Slip:
Answer the following questions:
1. Describe a difference between the
Roman Catholic and Eastern
Orthodox churches.
2. What was the Great Schism of
1054? Why did it happen?
Use complete sentences!