Dimensions of eTransformation
Ms. Ana Hol
Prof. Athula Ginige
AeIMS Research Group
School of Computing and Mathematics
University of Western Sydney, Australia
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
1
Need for Change
Information
Age
Change Driven by ICT and IS
Hindrances to change
- Lack of knowledge
- Limited funds
Consequences of not investing
- Not being competitive
- Markets going overseas
(Lawson 2005, Ginige 2001)
Change – eTransformation Journey
Investment into ICT and IS
(Hammer & Champy 2001; Toffler, 1990)
Aim: Identify Dimensions of eTransformation Journey
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
2
Models of Organisational Change
Nolan’s Six
Stages of
Growth
Predominately looking into ICT, Tasks and Processes. Dimensions
change from stage to stage.
Earl’s
Stages
Model
Looks at mapping of IT direction to business plan with managers
support. Dimensions change from stage to stage.
Sutherland &
Galliers
Stages
Structure and Strategy focused. Dimensions change from stage to
stage.
Internet
Based B2B
Stages
Looks at use of Internet to support some of the Internal Business
Processes. Dimensions remain constant from stage to stage.
SOGe
Focus around External Processes. The model also looks into Staff,
Systems, and Strategy. Dimensions remain constant from stage to
stage.
Road Map
Focused around both Internal and External Processes. Looks
comprehensively into ICT progress. Dimensions remain constant
from stage to stage.
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
Search for eTransformation Dimensions
7S Model
Other Models
Strategy
7 Steps to Business Crisis Management Model
7Es Strategic eTransformation Model
Earl’s Stages Model
Sutherland & Galliers Stages
SOGe
Structure
Cycle of Organizational Development Model
Sutherland & Galliers Stages
Staff
7 Steps to Business Crisis Management Model
Earl’s Stages Model
Skills
7 Steps to Business Crisis Management Model
Nolan’s Six Stages of Growth
Style
7Es Strategic eTransformation Model
Nolan’s Six Stages of Growth
Earl’s Stages Model
Shared Values
7 Steps to Business Crisis Management Model
Systems
The Drivers for the Advanced Organisation Model
7Es Strategic eTransformation Model
Nolan’s Six Stages of Growth
Earl’s Stages Model
Internet Based B2B Stages
SOGe
eTransformation Road Map
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
4
eTransformation: A Staged Process
Stage 0
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
External Processes
No
Website
Interactive Site
Process Sophistication
Internal Processes
External
Processes
Basic Website
E-Commerce
Site
Convergence
New
Processes
Effective
Organisation
Effective Team
Effective
Individual
Internal
Processes
No
Computer
ICIAFS
2008
ICIAFS –– Sri
Sri Lanka,
Lanka 2008
4
Our Study
• 17 CEOs / Managing Directors of SMEs
• Semi structured interviews conducted
• Questions based on 7S Model (Waterman et al. 1980)
Structure
Systems
Strategy
Shard
Value
Skills
Style
Staff
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
6
eTransformation: A Staged Process
Stage 0
External Processes
No
Website
Stage 1
6 SMEs
7 SMEs
Stage 3
Stage 4
4 SMEs
External
Processes
Basic Website
Interactive Site
Process Sophistication
Internal Processes
Stage 2
E-Commerce
Site
Convergence
New
Processes
Effective
Organisation
Effective Team
Effective
Individual
Internal
Processes
No
Computer
ICIAFS
2008
ICIAFS –– Sri
Sri Lanka,
Lanka 2008
8
Structure
Structure
Tasks &
Processes
Systems
Tasks &
Processes
Style
IT Tools &
Systems
Staff
Skills
eTransformation Dimensions
eTransformation Dimensions Derived
from
Strategy
Strategy
7S Model
Management &
employees
perspectives
values, beliefs,
goals, skills,
knowledge
Shared Values
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
8
S1 – companies
S2 – companies
S3 – companies
S4 – companies
Strategy
strict guidelines,
mechanical
strategy
moderately
centralised
control
strategies:
differentiation,
uniqueness, focus
innovation, breadth
clearly defined
strategy
(selections from
S3)
Structure
bureaucratic,
strict division of
labour
focused
bureaucracies
basic networked
structures, flexibility
networked, flexible
and dynamic
Tasks
and
Processes
task automation
use IT to speed
up current
processes
focus on
transactional
efficiency, new
processes
organisations with
the abilities to adapt
to the changing
environment
using KM to
create, change
and adapt new
tasks and
processes
IT Tools
access to stand
alone computers,
use internet, email productivity
software
making use of
Networks
scheduling
and collaborations
tools, VPN and
FTP
enterprise wide
applications use:
CRM tools, tracking
tools
enterprise wide
collaboration tools
use: tools
integrated
into applications
IT Systems
static website,
office and
document
management
systems
Interactive website,
operational level
systems
eCommerce website,
TPS, ERP, KMS
emerging,
organisations have
IS department
convergence, ISs
at all levels across
all functional
areas, CRM, ERM,
DSS, ESS, KMS,
TPS
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
IT Tools & Systems
- IT Tools
- Tool Users
- Internet
- Website
- IT Support
- IT Systems
- Security
Strategy
- The Environment
- Plans & Visions
- Customers
- Products & Services
- Employees
- Goals
Structure
- Centralisation / Decentralisation
- Functions / Divisions
- Formalisation
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
Tasks & Processes
- Nature of Tasks
- From Tasks to Processes
- Task & Process Streamlining
- Task & Process Integrations
10
eTransformation Journey
Strategy
Tasks &
Processes
Change Acceptance
Structure
IT Tools &
Systems
ICIAFS – Sri Lanka, 2008
11