DO NOW
On this day in 1959, the Solomon
R. Guggenheim Museum of
Modern and Contemporary Art
opened in New York City. Describe
a time that you have been to a
museum. If you haven’t been to a
museum, explain why you would
like to visit one.
UNIT 2:
ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA
Land between
two rivers
AGENDA
Recap
of Mesopotamia
GRAPES
Study Guide
REVIEW OF MESOPOTAMIA
o
o
o
o
o
It is located in an area called the fertile crescent in
Western Asia
It has both floods, and droughts- long periods without
rain
Farming was a big part of the economy, they would
grow beans, onions, lettuce, apples, dates, and spices
Farmers would grow surpluses or extra food, this
would lead to the growth of cities and towns
Became wealthy by trading wool from
sheep
6.2.1
THE INVENTION OF AGRICULTURE
CHANGED THE WAY PEOPLE LIVED.


Agriculture (Farming)
Growth of Cities (permanent settlements)

Division of Labor (Specialization)


Trade
Writing and Mathematics
6.2.1
•The Euphrates is to the left
•The Tigris is to the right
6.2.1
TRACE THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL
TECHNIQUES THAT PERMITTED THE PRODUCTION OF
ECONOMIC SURPLUS
What does irrigation mean?
 The following helped agriculture succeed in
Mesopotamia:

Irrigation
 Canals
 Wheel = Plow


These tools helped Sumerian farmers in Mesopotamia:
Plow
 Hoes
 Hand tools

6.2.2
TRACE THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL
TECHNIQUES THAT LED TO THE EMERGENCE OF
CITIES AS CENTERS OF CULTURE AND POWER.
Key
fact to remember:
 Agriculture led to permanent shelter
and farmers traded their surplus (extra)
with others
6.2.2
RELIGION AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN
MESOPOTAMIA
 How

did people know what jobs they had to do?
Most people had the same job as their parents,
except scribes.
 How
many classes were there in the
Mesopotamia Social Structure?
1.
2.
3.
6.2.3
RELIGION AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN
MESOPOTAMIA
 Kings:
Chosen by the gods/goddesses
 Very powerful
 Leaders of both religion and politics
 Upper class

 Priests



Only ones to communicate with the gods/goddesses
Powerful members of society
Upper class
6.2.3
SIGNIFICANCE OF HAMMURABI’S CODE

What city-state was Hammurabi from?

What was Hammurabi’s Code?

How many laws did Hammurabi’s Code have?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Over 400
Almost 300
Over 600
Almost 200
How did Hammurabi communicate his code to his people?

His law code was carved in stone for people to see. The stone was
called a stele and was placed in a ziggurat (holy temple) for
everyone to see
6.2.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF HAMMURABI’S CODE
 Why
was it so important to history for
archeologists to find Hammurabi’s Code?
It tells modern people about daily life,
social class, and the values in Mesopotamia
6.2.4
TRACE THE EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE
AND ITS WRITTEN FORMS
 What
is a scribe?
 What
tools did a scribe use?
 What
was the first type of writing in
Mesopotamia called?
6.2.9
TRACE THE EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE
AND ITS WRITTEN FORMS

Before cuneiform was written in wedged
shapes, it was written in:
PICTOGRAPHS!

What was the writing called that was
developed by Sumerians?
CUNEIFORM!
6.2.9
GRAPES!
 Let’s
complete the GRAPES for Mesopotamia
I
need you to write the GRAPES chart on the left
side of your notebook to fill out!!
 Let’s
talk about the
GRAPES of Mesopotamia!
GEOGRAPHY
Desert
Zagros
mountains
Fertile crescent
2 Rivers: Tigris and Euphrates
Farmland
RELIGION
Polytheism:
many gods
Ziggurats: holy temples
Priests
ACHIEVEMENTS
 Inventions:






Wheel
Plow
Sail
Writing = Cuneiform
Irrigation canals
Calendar
 Created
Great
first empire through Sargon the
POLITICS
Hammurabi’s
code created 282
written laws that governed
society
ENVIRONMENT
Land
between two rivers
Flooding of rivers
Dry, heat
Many cities to trade with
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Three
social classes
 Upper
 Middle
 Lower
Can
you remind me who goes in
each?
ACTIVITY!
Early Humans
Early Humans
Early Humans
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia