Mr. Raymond
Domestic Policy
Domestic policy, also known as public
policy, presents decisions, laws and
programs made by the government, which
are directly related to all issues and activity
within the country.
Domestic policy is the set of laws and
regulations that a government establishes
within a nation's borders. It differs from
foreign policy, which refers to the ways a
government advances its interests in world
politics.
Domestic policy covers a wide range of
areas, including business, education,
energy, health care, law enforcement,
money and taxes, natural resources, social
welfare and personal rights and freedoms
Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy
How a nation treats other nations is called foreign
policy. It is a kind of blueprint for the way a nation
deals with other nations of the world. Foreign policy
involves economic, political and military issues. The
way foreign policy is conducted is of major importance
to the domestic and international concerns of a nation.
The United States Constitution divides foreign policy
powers between the President and the Congress so
that both share in the making of foreign policy. The
executive and legislative branches each play important
roles that are different but that often overlap. Both
branches have continuing opportunities to initiate and
change foreign policy. The interaction between them
continues indefinitely throughout the life of a policy.
The president was given the task of dealing with
foreign policy through the Constitution in Article II,
Section 2. Early in the presidency of George
Washington, the Cabinet position of Secretary of State
was created. The secretary of state is the major adviser
to the president about international relations.
Foreign Policy
There are four key goals of America’s foreign policy for dealing with other nations.
 1) National Security – this is the nation’s # 1 goal and all government policies are
used to obtain this goal.
 2) International Trade – trade with other countries is vital for economic prosperity
and to create markets for American products and jobs for our citizens.
 3) Promoting World Peace – promotes peace to ensure national security and trade.
 4) Promote Democracy Around the World – helps to protect basic human rights
and encourages peace, which promotes our nation’s security.
Foreign Policy
The president and the White House assistants work with a large foreign-policy
bureaucracy within the executive branch that includes: the State Department, the
Department of Central Intelligence (CIA), and National Security Council. They help
with foreign affairs and carry out presidential decisions.
President – Foreign Policy
1) The president is the chief diplomat and commander in chief.
Congress – Foreign Policy
2) Congress is given the power to declare war, prohibit
certain military actions, and spend or withhold money for
defense.
Congress & President
The President and Congress have several methods they use to influence other nations
and carry out our American foreign policy:
1) Creating Treaties and Economic Agreements
a) A treaty is a formal agreement between the governments of 2 or more
countries.
Example: One of the most important treaties we have is NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization).
It is a mutual defense agreement between the US, Canada, and nations of Europe.
The Senate must approve a treaty by 2/3 votes.
Congress & President
 Example: One of the most important treaties we have is NATO (North Atlantic
Treaty Organization).
 It is a mutual defense agreement between the US, Canada, and nations of Europe.
 The Senate must approve a treaty by 2/3 votes.
No Nukes
*Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT)
International agreement intended to
prevent the spread of nuclear
technology. The U.S., Britain, the Soviet
Union, and 59 other countries signed it in
1968. The three major signatories agreed
not to assist states lacking nuclear
weapons to obtain or produce them; the
nonnuclear signatories agreed not to
attempt to obtain nuclear weapons in
exchange for assistance in developing
nuclear power for peaceful purposes. In
1995, when the treaty was due to expire,
it was extended indefinitely by a
consensus vote of 174 countries at the
United Nations.
President - Ambassadors
2) Appointing Ambassadors
a) An ambassador is an official
representative of a country’s government.
b) The president appoints about 150
ambassadors who must be approved by
the Senate.
c) We only send ambassadors to
countries that we recognize with legal
governments.
Foreign Aid
3) Foreign Aid – money, food,
military assistance, or other
supplies given to help other
countries.
The use of foreign aid has had
its controversy. The controversy
lies in the spending as to how
much money should be spent
abroad on foreign policy goals
instead of here at home.?
International Trade
4) International Trade
a) The President can make agreements with other nations
about which products may be traded and rules for such
trading.
b) Trade sanctions – punish another country by imposing
trade barriers.
c) Embargo – an agreement among a group of nations
that prohibits them all from trading with a target nation.
d) Tariffs – a tax on an imported good.
e) Approve or deny membership into international trade
groups such as –
Trade Organizations
• NAFTA – North American Free
Trade Agreement – eventually
will eliminate all barriers to trade
among the US, Canada, and
Mexico
• WTO – World Trade
Organization – Oversees trade
among nations by negotiating
trade rules and provides help to
countries trying to develop their
economies.
Military Force
5) Military Force – as commander in chief, the president
may use military force to carry out some
foreign policy.
United Nations – Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
Soon after the United Nations was formed, its members agreed on a list of
people’s basic rights. In December 1948, the UN adopted the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights. The declaration was made up of 30 separate
articles, or statements, that define specific human rights that all people
should have.
http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
http://www.un.org/Pubs/CyberSchoolBus/untour/index.html
Non-Governmental - Organizations/International NonGovernmental Organizations
Non-governmental organization (NGO) are legally constituted organizations created
by natural or legal people that operate independently from any form of government.
The term originated from the United Nations, and normally refers to organizations
that are not a part of a government and are not conventional for-profit businesses. The
number of NGOs operating in the United States is estimated at 1.5 million
NGO’s – Red Cross
The American Red Cross exists to provide compassionate care to those
in need. Our network of generous donors, volunteers and employees
share a mission of preventing and relieving suffering, here at home and
around the world
• Disaster Relief
• Life Giving Blood
• International Relief
• Health Care
http://www.redcross.org
End of Course
1. Which of the following policies below establishes a set
of laws and regulations that a government develops
within a nation's borders?
a.
b.
c.
d.
foreign policy
administrative policy
legal policy
domestic policy
End of Course
Which organization first formed in 1863 in Geneva,
Switzerland, by five men who wanted to organize volunteers
who could help wounded soldiers during wartime?
A. The United Nations
B. The World Health Organization
C. The World Bank
D. The Red Cross Society
End of Course
Which organization first formed in 1863 in Geneva,
Switzerland, by five men who wanted to organize volunteers
who could help wounded soldiers during wartime?
A. The United Nations
B. The World Health Organization
C. The World Bank
D. The Red Cross Society
End of Course
What is one important global issue facing nations of the
world?
A. the need for more consumer goods in developed nations
B. the falling price of energy worldwide
C. the overabundance of food in developing nations
D. the lack of food in developing nations
End of Course
Because nongovernmental organizations provide relief after
a natural disaster, they usually depend on which of the
following?
A. volunteers and private donations
B. The United Nations
C. The European Union
D. Presidents from many world nations
End of Course
Which of the following is true because the International Committee of the
Red Cross is a nongovernmental organization?
A. They serve people in need on both sides of the war.
B. They only serve people in need for the government side they are on.
C. They serve people in need once the president of one side of the war
agrees for assistance.
D. They only serve people in need in neutral countries.
End of Course
Why do nations depend on one another?
A. They want to remain friendly with all nations.
B. The United Nations requires that they do so.
C. They want to protect their own industries.
D. They need or want things from other nations.
End of Course
1. Which of the following policies below establishes a set
of laws and regulations that a government develops
within a nation's borders?
a.
b.
c.
d.
foreign policy
administrative policy
legal policy
domestic policy
End of Course
Which of the following terms below describes how one
nation treats another nation?
a.
foreign policy
b.
domestic policy
c.
interventionism
d.
isolationism
End of Course
Which of the following terms below describes trade
measures with an effort to punish another nation by
imposing certain barriers?
a. embargo
b. trade sanctions
c. foreign aid
d. executive agreement
End of Course
Which of the following is the basic goal of United States
foreign policy?
a.
b.
c.
d.
national security
economic strength
creating allies
taking down enemies
End of Course
Which of the following statements describes why foreign aid
can be a controversial component as a tool of foreign policy?
a. Foreign aid helps countries that American citizens do not care to help.
b. Foreign aid is money being spent abroad and not at home.
c. United States citizens would prefer to use military force instead of
foreign aid to resolve the problem quicker.
d. United States citizens believe it does not accomplish international
peace and unity.
End of Course
Why is promoting democracy an important goal for our nation’s
foreign policy?
a. Nations that share our ideals share our goals and values.
b. Democracy should be at the heart of every government
system.
c. Our enemies never share our democratic views.
d. Democracy and foreign aid are interconnected in foreign
policy.
End of Course
Why are embargoes an effective tool of foreign policy?
a. It helps the citizens in the enemy nations.
b. It is a peaceful solution to deal with enemy nations.
c. It saves the United States money.
d. It creates alliances.
End of Course
Which of the following is an example of a nongovernmental
organization (NGO)?
A. United States Army
B. International Committee of the Red Cross
C. European Union
D. United Nations
End of Course
. Which of the following describes a nongovernmental organization?
A. a group that works to solve problems around the world and is not
connected to any government
B. an organization that is formed between governments
C. a group that works to solve problems in a country with the
assistance of the government
D. an organization that only deals with certain countries around the
world
End of Course
Which of the following organizations describes a group of
countries in Europe and North America that have signed a
treaty agreeing to protect each other in case of an attack?
A. United Nations
B. United States Coalition
C. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
D. The European Union