By: Sean Godfrey
At the time Somalia was crumbling due to civil
war, mainly between the drug lords, and
widespread famine
 Operation Restore Hope was put into place by
George H.W. Bush to help reestablish order in
Somali (Dec. 1992- May 1993)
 Operation Continue Hope was put into place
May 4th 1993 by Bill Clinton
 Somali people were already angry at U.S. forces
for a failed attempt at killing Mohamed Farrah
Aidid which resulted in 60 dead Somalis
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Part of Operation Gothic Serpent
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Mission changed aster 2 Black Hawk
helicopters got shot down
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October 3rd & 4th, 1993
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Mogadishu, Somalia
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Somali civilians and militia
Pakistan forces
Malaysia forces
United States:
 Delta Force
 Army Rangers
 Navy Seals
 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment
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Plan to capture the Somali warlord Mohamed
Farrah Aidid and other high profile targets
Plan was to assault a building by planting
Delta force operators on the roof to secure
the building while four platoons of Army
Rangers surrounded the building
Commanded by Gen. William F. Garrison
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A/MH-6 Little Bird helicopters
MH-60L Black Hawk helicopters
Condor armored personnel carriers
Humvees
M48 Tanks
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The mission was beginning to become
delayed when humvees to extract captives
from the building arrived late
The mission ultimately changed to a rescue
mission once two Black Hawk helicopters
were shot down (Super 61 and Super 64)
Michael Durant, pilot of Super 6-4 was taken
captive and released after 11 days
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Super 64 was over run by Somali forces
Trapped pilots in Super 61 were saved after
an rescue teams arrived late that night and
into the early morning hours
Constant raids by Little Bird
helicopters protected them
through the night
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American
 18 killed
 73 wounded
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Somali
 Estimates range from 100-300 killed
 Estimates range from 1,000-3,000 wounded
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United Stated would completely withdraw
from Somalia by March 31st, 1994
Many citizens were frightened and scared by
the images they had seen of soldiers bodies
being dragged through the streets
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This mission failed because of the two
helicopters being shot down by RPG’s
Another possible reason was that during the
time of the mission, Somali men would chew
Khat, which was believed to make them more
willing to fight

Hostage Crisis in Iran (1979-1981)
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November 4th, 1979 – January 20th, 1981
Mob of students (called Imam’s disciples)
took over U.S. embassy in Iran
Held 66 original hostages for then released 14
Held the remaining 52 hostage for 444 days
Operation Eagle Claw (Jimmy Carter)
was a failed attempt at rescuing
the hostages
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Yes an No
It did capture the people in the original
building
It took longer than expected and turned into
a dangerous rescue mission that cause
several casualties and deaths
Overall successful but with exceptions
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Yes and No
Somali resistance was expected but not in
such large number
Could have always planned ahead for
possible blockades
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Todd Blackburn falling 70 feet from a
helicopter an being severely injured
The delay of the humvees due to Somali
blockades
The helicopters being shot down (this is the
most probable cause but the others could
have also led to this)
No it wasn’t, U.S. forces were severely
outnumbered and were basically fighting an
entire city to saved a couple
pilots
 It was necessary to
attempt because you
never leave a fellow
soldier behind
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My primary source was an article covering the
U.S. involvement in Somalia and Operation
Restore Hope
I believe that this gives insight to my topic
because it includes quotes from that period
of time about my topic
Information
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http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:MHWRfb92nAJ:www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/navy/pmi/somalia1.pdf+did+somalia+oppose+operation+restore+hope&
hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShNSxwhEMOYT-hqvhDJqBSlwBNjsHuwD2wtlsaoISrkSYB1L94njYRlJ0I6v2VS0-Yo39CCegA32e4sRxvbqh83S9_L48V8RNK3gwiB7iBn07iK3PRjSkl4tCRKwllPwHlSpe&sig=AHIEtbSouv0YbB3tx_haeSYRo1mfjunUow
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http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01864/american/mission.html
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http://www.militaryfactory.com/battles/battle_of_mogadishu.asp
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http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/somalia/somalia.htm#p24
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http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:V_51oiA60XYJ:www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs5/5116/5116p.pdf+khat&
hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgdyb63c7Ba9GwzD8EiE5jYJqTQKfaQ1UEIYcJkIzbFDc7OqTR4qbIrhiBwggTPu8XIYH_QlNmADrWcX5rE3uG9lzTrFKNMZhqBtDPKXXksBFSIO75q0oSVAe1a56mmlBitWP&sig=AHIEtbTjGcXiYM897QM1_HQYGc71ISTVKA
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http://www.historyguy.com/iran-us_hostage_crisis.html
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http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/restore_hope.htm
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http://www.helis.com/featured/eagle_claw.php
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gothic_Serpent
Pictures
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http://www.knowledgerush.com/wiki_image/c/c4/Black_Hawk_Down_Super64_over_Mogadishu_coast.jpg
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http://www.celebritysentry.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/1304606713-37.jpg
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http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2784/4464020860_3bd03d5c0e.jpg
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http://www.the-reel-mccoy.com/movies/2002/images/BlackHawkDown3.jpg
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http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2007/03/21/mog372.jpg
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http://cdn-english.alshahid.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/dead-somalis.jpeg
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http://moblog.net/media/c/r/i/crickson/military-graveyard.jpg
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http://www.nato.int/kfor/media/photos/2002/big/b020311b.jpg