Chapter 1 Computational Thinking and Computer Culture
 1.1 Computer Culture in the Information Age.
 1.2 Computer Culture Education and Computational Thinking
 1.3 Overview of Information Technology
 1.4 Power of Thinking in the IT Era
1.1 Computer Culture in the Information Age
Key Learning Objectives
• Understand the development status of information locally and internationally.
• Understand the concepts of information Society and social informatization.
• Master the relation and connections between information and data.
• Learn the basic methods of data processing.
• Understand the characteristics of computer culture in the information age.
Contents
01
Overview of Information Technology
02
Information Society
03
Social informatization
04
Data processing in the information age
05
Computer Culture
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
1. Overview of Information Technology
Information technology (IT) is about
using computers and networks to gather,
process, and share information. This
technology impacts all aspects of life,
from business to healthcare, education,
and government.
Internet
E-commerce
Online Banking
Medical Information Management
E-Government
Smart Agriculture
……
E-office (Paperless Office)
Academic management system
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
1. Overview of Information Technology
National Informatization Development Strategy (2006–2020)
Main Line
Fundamental Goal
IT drives
progress
Build a strong
networked
nation
Three Key Focus Areas
Enhance information development capabilities
Improve the level of informatization application
Optimize the information development environment
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
1. Overview of Information Technology
Information Technology production tools
Computer Science and Technology
Communications Technology
Network Technology
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
2. Information Society
Agricultural Society
Industrial Society
Information Society
Information society: a new type of society based on electronic information technology, with information
resources as the basic development resources, information service industries as the basic social industries,
and digitalization and networking as the basic means of social interaction.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
2. Information Society
The impact of informatization on the economy and society
Economic Globalization
Economic Development
Social Development
Global Village
Economic Globalization
Capital Globalization
Production Globalization
Productivity Drive
Industrial Structure
Market Size
Industrial Scale
Social Impact
Labor Force
Information Technology
Information Industry
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
3.Social informatization
In the process of comprehensive informatization of economic life, other areas of human social life
have also gradually utilized advanced information technology to establish various information networks; at
the same time, they have vigorously developed content related to people's daily lives, continuously enriched
people's spiritual and cultural life, and improved the quality of life.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
3.Social informatization
Production Tools
Informatization
Social informatization level
Social Productivity System
Informatization
Social Life
Informatization
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
3.Social informatization
1
Four
Transformations
(四化)
4
Intelligence: Refers to the adoption of intelligent technologies, such as AI
and machine learning, in various sectors.
2
Electronics: The transition of processes and systems to electronic
formats, like digital systems and e-commerce.
3
Globalization: This represents the increasing interconnectedness
and interdependence of global economies and societies.
Decentralization: A shift away from centralized control, embracing
distributed systems (e.g., blockchain).
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
3.Social informatization
1
Four
Characteristics
(四性)
4
Comprehensiveness: Systems and processes are becoming increasingly
integrated and interconnected.
2
Competitiveness: The need for innovation and competitive advantage
in a globalized, digital world.
3
Openness: Systems and platforms are becoming more open and
collaborative, promoting shared knowledge and resources.
Transparency: The importance of openness, data visibility, and clear
processes in the digital era.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
3.Social informatization
1
Development
Directions
(发展方向)
Digitization: The process of converting information and services into
digital formats for better access and use.
2
3
Networking: The emphasis on creating robust networks that connect
systems and individuals globally.
Intelligence: Again, referring to the integration of intelligent technologies
into various processes and services.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
Data
A general term for all media that can be input into a computer and processed by computer programs.
It refers to numbers, letters, symbols, analog quantities, and other forms that can be input into an
electronic computer for processing and carry specific meaning.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
The meaning of data is referred to as the semantics of data, and data cannot be separated from its semantics.
For example, 93 is a piece of data:
•
Semantics 1: The grade of a student in a computer course
•
Semantics 2: The weight of a person
•
Semantics 3: The number of students in the Computer Science class of 2023
•
Semantics 4: …
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
Information
Data that has been processed into a specific form. The data from a source is the sum of information and
data redundancy. Therefore, the relationship between data and information is similar to that between
raw materials and finished products.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
Data
Data
carried by
Information
represented as
Information
Information
Information
contains
expressed in
meaning
Data
Data
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
Example 1:
RAW DATA (All Emails)
📧📧❌📧❌📧❌
|
v
PROCESSING (Spam Filter)
|
v
INFORMATION (Important Emails)
📧📧📧
Example 2:
RAW DATA (thousands of repetitive
weather sensor readings)
📧📧❌📧❌📧❌
|
v
PROCESSING (Redundancy Removed)
|
v
USEFUL INFORMATION]
(e.g., "Sunny, 24°C,
No Rain Today"
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
Characteristics of Information
Dependency
Shareability
Timeliness
Transferability
Storability
Identifiability
Processability
Objectivity
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
4. Data Processing
•
•
•
Data processing is the sum of data collection, storage, retrieval, processing, transformation, and transmission.
It includes both numerical and non-numerical data, involving the classification, organization, encoding,
storage, retrieval, and maintenance of data.
It centers on handling data through the use of software.
Equipment structure
Time allocation
Spatial distribution
CPU work
Interactive processing
Multitasking
Single-pass processing
Centralized
Distributed
Real-time processing
Time-sharing processing
Batch Processing
Offline processing
Online Processing
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
5. Computer Culture
Culture: Culture is both connected to physical things and exists beyond them. It helps share information and
knowledge, influencing many aspects of human society — including how people work, learn, produce, and
live. Culture has key qualities such as being widespread, easy to share, educational, and deeply impactful.
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
5. Computer Culture
Computer Culture: As a form of culture, it has changed the ways humans produce, work, learn, and live.
What are the uses of computers in your major?
第1节 信息化时代的计算机文化
5. Computer Culture
Widespread Computer Education
Computer lecture
Master computer programming languages
Scientific Thinking
Section Summary
This section introduces computer culture in the information age. Global informatization is
developing rapidly. As one of the key tools for information production, computers play a vital
role in information development and serve as the primary tool for processing information. The
so-called information society is a new type of society based on electronic information
technology and centered on information service industries. Social informatization is a new
technological revolution based on and marked by the widespread application of computer
information processing technology and transmission methods. In the information age, data
processing permeates every aspect of social production and life. Computers are now more than
just data processing tools; as a new culture, they have become an integral part of people's lives,
profoundly impacting their lives while also presenting unprecedented challenges.