Organic Chemistry 2 — Functional Groups & Structures
Transcribed from handwritten reference sheet
#
Name
Structure / Formula
1
Ethylene
C₂H₄ (C=C double bond)
2
Acetylene
C₂H₂ (C≡C triple bond)
3
Ammonia
NH₃
4
Acetylide
≡:⁻
5
Sodium Amide
NaNH₂
6
Geminal Dihalide
R₂CX₂ (two halogens on same carbon)
7
Vicinal Dihalide
RCHX-RCHX (halogens on adjacent carbons)
8
Quinoline
Benzene fused with pyridine (N in 1-position)
9
Alkenyl Cation
R₂C⁺ (carbocation on alkene carbon)
10
Alkenyl Halide
R-CX=CR₂
11
Enol
R-C(OH)=CR₂
12
Ketone
R-C(=O)-R'
13
Carbonic Acid
HO-C(=O)-OH
14
Allylic Carbocation
R₂C⁺-CH=CH₂
15
Allylic Carbanion
R₂C⁻-CH=CH₂
16
Allylic Free Radical
R₂C•-CH=CH₂
17
N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS)
Cyclic imide with Br on N; O=C-N(Br)-C=O
18
Succinimide
O=C-NH-C=O (five-membered cyclic imide)
19
Potassium Hydrogen Sulfate
KHSO₄
20
Acrolein
CH₂=CH-CHO
21
Dimethyl Fumarate
H₃CO₂C-CH=CH-CO₂CH₃ (trans)
22
Maleic Anhydride
O=C-O-C=O fused five-membered ring (cis)
23
Dimethyl Maleate
H₃CO₂C-CH=CH-CO₂CH₃ (cis)
24
Benzene
C₆H₆ (aromatic ring)
25
Toluene
C₆H₅-CH₃
26
Naphthalene
Two fused benzene rings
27
Bromobenzene
C₆H₅-Br
28
Nitrobenzene
C₆H₅-NO₂
29
p-Xylene
1,4-dimethylbenzene
30
Benzaldehyde
C₆H₅-CHO
31
Benzoic Acid
C₆H₅-COOH
#
Name
Structure / Formula
32
Styrene
C₆H₅-CH=CH₂
33
Acetophenone
C₆H₅-C(=O)-CH₃
34
Phenol
C₆H₅-OH
35
Anisole
C₆H₅-O-CH₃
36
Aniline
C₆H₅-NH₂
37
Phenyl–
C₆H₅-R (substituent)
38
Benzyl–
C₆H₅-CH₂-R (substituent)
39
Potassium Permanganate
KMnO₄
40
Sodium Dichromate
Na₂Cr₂O₇
41
Indene
Benzene fused with cyclopentene
42
Pyridine
Six-membered aromatic ring with one N
43
Pyrrole
Five-membered aromatic ring with N-H
44
Furan
Five-membered aromatic ring with O
45
Thiophene
Five-membered aromatic ring with S
46
Isoquinoline
Benzene fused with pyridine (N in 2-position)
47
Indole
Benzene fused with pyrrole
48
Benzo Furan
Benzene fused with furan
49
Benzothiophene
Benzene fused with thiophene
0