SUMMATIVE PAPER BASED
SCIENCE GRADE 9
A. Multiple Choices (1,5 point each)
1. The organism that Mendel used in his experiments was ...
A. Corn
B. Rats
C. Pea plant
D. Fruit flies
2. Traits that only appear in the absence of a dominant allele are called ...
A. Dominant
B. Recessive
C. Kodominan
D. Genetics
3. The main purpose of using Punnett square in monohybrid crosses is ...
A. Determining dominant traits
B. Determining the number of chromosomes
C. Predicting possible genotypes and hereditary phenotypes
D. Knowing gene mutations
4. In pea plants, round seeds (B) are dominant against wrinkled seeds (b). If two Bb plants are
crossed, the phenotype comparison of their offspring is ...
A. 3 rounds : 1 wrinkle
B. 1 round : 1 wrinkle
C. 2 rounds : 1 wrinkle
D. 4 rounds : 0 wrinkles
5. A dihybrid cross is a cross that involves...
A. One attribute property
B. Two different properties
C. Many properties
D. One gene only
6. In dihybrid cross, each heterozygous individual produces...
A. 2 types of gametes
B. 3 types of gametes
C. 4 types of gametes
D. 8 types of gametes.
7. Genes can be defined as...
A. Entire DNA molecules in the nucleus of the cell
B. The part of DNA that controls one particular trait
C. Structure where respiration occurs
D. Cell division unit
8. The cells of the human body have 46 chromosomes. This means...
A. 46 chromosomes come from a single parent
B. Each cell has different chromosomes
C. All human cells have the same number of chromosomes
D. 23 chromosomes are inherited from each parent
9. The TRUE statement about sex chromosomes is...
A. Sex chromosomes are only found in males
B. Sex chromosomes do not carry genes
C. Sex chromosomes determine the sex of a human
D. Females have XY sex chromosomes
10. Consider the following statements:
1. Normal humans have 22 pairs of autosomes
2. Sex chromosomes determine gender
3. All human cells have the same number of chromosomes
Which statements are entirely correct?
A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 3
D. 1, 2, and 3
11. Which statement BEST describes Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?
A. Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
B. Organisms change based on their survival needs
C. All individuals within a species are identical
D. The environment directly changes an organism's genes
12. The following examples that are not the result of natural selection are...
A. Finches with beak variations
B. Dark-colored moths in industrial areas.
C. Dogs of a certain breed are the result of cross
D. Cacti with thorn-shaped leaves
13. Two pregnant women have different conditions. Mrs. A maintains her diet and health, Mrs.
B often consumes alcohol. The MOST accurate conclusion is...
A. both fetuses will develop equally
B. Mother B's fetus has a greater risk of developmental disorders
C. mother A's fetus must have been born sooner
D. alcohol only affects the mother, not the fetus
14. The main goal of treatment during pregnancy is ...
A. Accelerating the birth process
B. Determining the sex of the baby
C. Preventing subsequent pregnancies
D. Maintaining maternal health and fetal development
15. Alcohol can affect fetal development because ...
A. Can not pass through the placenta
B. Only impact on mother
C. Can enter the fetal bloodstream.
D. Only takes effect after the baby is born
B. Matching Statements (1,5 point each)
Statement A
1. Individuals carry two different alleles
for a trait.
2. Physically visible traits as a result of
gene expression.
3. The genetic makeup of an individual.
4. Reproductive cells that carry one allele
of each gene pair.
5. A diagram showing all possible
outcomes of a cross.
6. The insect's body color resembles a
leaf, making it difficult for predators to
see it.
7. Individuals within a species do not
have exactly the same traits.
8. Birds with thick beaks are better able
to eat hard seeds when food is limited.
9. Traits that aid survival are passed on to
offspring.
10. A fertilised egg cell
Statement B
a. Genotype
b. Gametes
c. Punnet Square
d. Heterozygous
e. Phenotype
f. zygote
g. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
h. Genes
i. Fetus
j. Adaptation
11. A long, double-helix shaped molecule
that stores the genetic code.
12. The unit of inheritance of traits that
determines a particular character.
13. The baby develops into… in the final
stages of pregnancy.
14. Substances in coffee, tea, and
chocolate that can slow fetal growth.
15. The structure that provides the fetus
with nutrients and oxygen.
k. Caffeine
l. Natural selection
m. Inheritance of traits
n. Placenta
o. Variation
C. Essay Questions
1. Offspring inherit characteristics from their parents when a sperm and an egg fuse together.
a) Name the process that happens when a sperm and an egg fuse together. (1,5 points)
b) The sperm and the egg that fuse together determine the sex of the offspring.
Look at the diagram showing the chromosomes in the sperm and the egg which
determine the sex of the offspring.
2.
3.
Explain why there is a 50% chance of the offspring being male. Use the diagram to help
you……………..(5 points)
c) The offspring produced look similar but not identical to their parents. Explain why the
offspring produced will not look identical to their parents……………..(5 points)
Mrs. Lina is 28 years old and 12 weeks pregnant. She often skips breakfast, sleeps less than
6 hours per day, and lives near a busy road with heavy air pollution.
The questions:
a) Identify two factors in Mrs. Lina’s lifestyle that may affect fetal development.
(3 points)
b) Explain how each factor could impact the fetus. (5 points)
c) Suggest two changes Mrs. Lina should make to support healthy fetal development.
(3 points)
The diagrams show the modern horse and three of its ancestors.
4.
5.
a) What evidence has been used to find out the appearance of the ancestors of the
modern horse?...............(1,5 points)
b) The appearance of the horse has changed over the last 55 million years.
i. Use the diagrams to describe two ways the appearance of the horse has changed.
(1)…………………………………………………………………(1,5 points)
(2)…………………………………………………………………(1,5 points)
ii. A scientist developed the theory of natural selection to explain this gradual change
in appearance.
What is the name of this scientist?...............................................(1,5 points)
In ercis bean plants, the color of yellow (Y) seeds is dominant over green (Y). If
heterozygous plants are crossed with heterozygous plants (Yy × Yy):
a. Explain what is meant by monohybrid crossing.( 3 points)
b. Make a Punnett table from the cross. (5 points)
c. Determine the comparison of genotypes and the phenotypes of their offspring.(7,5
points)
In ercis plants:
Round seeds (R) are dominant against wrinkles (r)
Yellow (Y) color dominant against green (y)
RrYy plants are crossed with RrYy.
a. Explain what is meant by dihybrid crossing. (3 points)
b. Name all the types of gametes that can be formed from the RrYy plant. (5 points)
c. How many genotype combinations are likely to form? (5 points)