ENGINEERING STANDARDS
Including Holiday Inn Express in Greater China Region
工程设计技术标准
包含大中华区智选假日酒店
ASIA PACIFIC
DIVISION
亚太区
These Standards are the confidential and propriety property of InterContinental Hotels Group,
and may not be copied or distributed without consent.
此标准为机密文件，洲际酒店集团拥有版权，未经允许不得复制和传播。
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
Section 1 – Summary
第一章 – 概要
1.1 SUMMARY 概要 .................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 COMMON OMISSIONS AND PROBLEMS 常见的疏忽和问题 ................................................... 14
1.2.1
FIRE LIFE SAFETY 消防生命安全 ......................................................................................... 14
1.2.2
MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING 机械、电气和管道 ............................... 16
Section 2 – Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
第二章 – 暖通空调
2.1 AIR CONDITIONING 空调 ................................................................................................................ 24
2.1.1
2.1.1.1
2.1.1.2
2.1.1.3
2.1.1.4
2.1.1.5
2.1.1.6
2.1.1.7
2.1.1.8
2.1.1.9
GENERAL 综述 ........................................................................................................................ 24
Objectives 目的 ......................................................................................................................... 24
System Type Selection 系统类型的选择 .................................................................................. 24
Energy Efficiency 节能效率 ...................................................................................................... 25
Design Criteria 设计标准 .......................................................................................................... 26
Heating & Cooling Loads 供暖及制冷负荷 .............................................................................. 26
Zoning 分区 ............................................................................................................................... 27
Acoustic performance 噪声性能................................................................................................ 28
Design Criteria 设计标准 .......................................................................................................... 29
Ventilation Requirements 通风要求 ......................................................................................... 31
2.1.2
2.1.2.1
2.1.2.2
2.1.2.3
2.1.2.4
2.1.2.5
CHILLED WATER GENERATION 冷却水的产生 ................................................................ 33
General 概要 .............................................................................................................................. 33
Design Criteria 设计标准 .......................................................................................................... 33
Refrigerants 冷冻剂 ................................................................................................................... 34
Efficiency 效率 .......................................................................................................................... 34
Equipment 设备 ......................................................................................................................... 34
2.1.3
HEATING 供热 ......................................................................................................................... 36
2.1.3.1 General 概要 .............................................................................................................................. 36
2.1.3.2 Design Criteria 设计标准 .......................................................................................................... 36
2.1.3.3 Load calculations 负荷计算....................................................................................................... 36
2.1.3.4 Hot Water Boilers 热水锅炉...................................................................................................... 36
2.1.3.5 Steam Boilers 蒸汽锅炉 ............................................................................................................ 37
2.1.3.6 Steam Pressures 蒸汽压力 ......................................................................................................... 37
2.1.3.7 Pipework Design Criteria 管道设计标准 .................................................................................. 37
2.1.3.8 Equipment 设备 ......................................................................................................................... 37
2.1.3.9 Efficiency 效率 .......................................................................................................................... 38
2.1.3.10 Fuel Selection 燃料选择 ............................................................................................................ 38
2.1.3.11 Fuel Storage 燃料储藏 .............................................................................................................. 38
2.1.3.12 Boiler Stacks 锅炉烟囱 ............................................................................................................. 38
2.1.4
2.1.4.1
2.1.4.2
2.1.4.3
2.1.4.4
2.1.4.5
2.1.4.6
SPECIFICATION AND APPLICATION GUIDE 技术规格和应用标准 ................................ 39
General Supply & Extract. Reference is made to separate section 2.2 总供给和排放参见 2.2 39
Fan Coil Units 风机盘管设备 ................................................................................................... 39
Convector Heating 对流式加热器加热 ..................................................................................... 40
Bathroom Heating 浴室供暖 ..................................................................................................... 40
Thermostats 温控器 ................................................................................................................... 40
Air Supply, Return and Exhaust Systems 空气的供应、回收和排放系统 .............................. 40
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TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
2.1.5
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境及能源保护 ..................................... 40
2.1.5.1 Benchmarks 基准 ....................................................................................................................... 40
2.1.5.2 Fancoils 风机盘管 ..................................................................................................................... 41
2.1.5.3 Variable Frequency Drives 变频驱动 ........................................................................................ 41
2.1.5.4 Building Management Systems 楼宇管理系统 ......................................................................... 42
2.1.5.5 Heat Recovery 热量回收 ........................................................................................................... 42
2.1.5.6 Alternative Energy Sources 替代能源 ....................................................................................... 44
2.1.5.7 Chilled Water Storage 冷却水储藏 ........................................................................................... 44
2.1.5.8 Evaporative Cooling 蒸发冷却 .................................................................................................. 44
2.1.5.9 Economiser 节能器.................................................................................................................... 44
2.1.5.10 Commissioning 试运行 ............................................................................................................. 44
2.1.5.11 Chillers 冷却器 .......................................................................................................................... 45
2.1.5.12 Cooling Towers 冷却塔 ............................................................................................................. 45
2.1.6
2.1.6.1
2.1.6.2
2.1.6.3
2.1.6.4
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转及测试 ..................................................................... 46
General 概要 .............................................................................................................................. 46
Water Distribution Systems 水分配系统 ................................................................................... 46
VAV Systems 变风量系统 ........................................................................................................ 47
Building and Energy Management Systems 楼宇和能源管理系统 .......................................... 47
2.2 GENERAL SUPPLY & EXTRACT 一般供风及排风 ...................................................................... 50
2.2.1.
GENERAL 综述 ........................................................................................................................ 50
2.2.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ................................................................................................. 50
2.2.1.1 Duct Design Criteria 风管设计标准 .......................................................................................... 50
2.2.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ............................................. 50
2.2.3.1. Air Handling Units 风量调节单元 ............................................................................................ 50
2.2.3.2. Fan Assisted Variable Air Volume Units 风机协助的可变风量单元 ...................................... 51
2.2.3.3. Variable and Constant Volume Boxes 可变量和定量箱 ........................................................... 53
2.2.3.4. Packaged Self Contained Air Condition Units 成套的自主空调单元 ...................................... 54
2.2.3.5. Reverse Cycle Water Source Heat Pumps 逆流水源热泵 ......................................................... 56
2.2.3.6. Split Cooling Systems/Variable Refrigerant Volume 分体式冷却系统/可变冷凝剂量 ........... 57
2.2.3.7. Centrifugal Fans 离心风机 ........................................................................................................ 59
2.2.3.8. Axial Fans 轴流风机 ................................................................................................................. 60
2.2.3.9. Bifurcated Fans 分流风机 ......................................................................................................... 60
2.2.3.10 Toilet Extract Fan Set – Public Areas 厕所排风机组－公共区域 ............................................ 61
2.2.3.11 Systems 系统 ............................................................................................................................. 61
2.2.3.12 Life Safety Systems 救生系统 ................................................................................................... 63
2.2.3.13 Ductwork 管道工程 ................................................................................................................... 66
2.2.3.14 Access Doors 作业口 ................................................................................................................. 66
2.2.3.15 Dampers 风阀 ............................................................................................................................ 66
2.2.3.16 Flexible Connections 软接头 ..................................................................................................... 67
2.2.3.17 Grilles, Registers and Diffusers 格栅、登记板和扩散器 ......................................................... 67
2.2.3.18 Acoustic Treatment 噪音处理 ................................................................................................... 67
2.2.3.19 Hangers/Supports 吊架和支架 .................................................................................................. 67
2.2.4
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环保和节能 ............................................. 68
2.2.5
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和调试 ..................................................................... 68
2.2.6
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 ...................................................................... 69
2.2.7
SPARE PARTS 备件 ................................................................................................................. 69
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TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
2.3 BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM / BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM
楼宇管理系统/楼宇自动化系统...................................................................................................................... 71
2.3.1.
GENERAL 综述 ........................................................................................................................ 71
2.3.2. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ............................................. 71
2.3.2.1. General 综述 .............................................................................................................................. 71
2.3.2.2. BMS Equipment 楼宇管理系统设备 ........................................................................................ 73
2.3.2.3. Temperature Control Devices 温度控制设施 ............................................................................ 79
2.3.2.4. Electrical Wiring and Materials 电气布线和材料 ..................................................................... 82
2.3.2.5. System Control Types 系统控制类型 ....................................................................................... 85
2.3.2.6. Point Matrix 点阵 ...................................................................................................................... 91
2.3.3.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和调试 ..................................................................... 93
2.3.4.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 ...................................................................... 93
2.3.5.
APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 获准的制造商 .................................................................. 93
2.4 ACOUSTICS 声学................................................................................................................................. 94
2.4.1
GENERAL 一般规定 ................................................................................................................ 94
2.4.2
SOUND BARRIER AND CONSTRUCTIONS 声音屏障和构造 ............................................ 94
2.4.3
MECHANICAL INSTALLATION GENERAL 机械装备概要 ............................................... 96
2.4.4
GRILLES, REGISTERS, DIFFUSERS AND FAN COIL UNITS 格栅，百叶型风口，散流器和风机盘
管装置
.......................................................................... 97
2.4.5
ACOUSTICAL TREATMENT OF DUCT SYSTEMS 管道系统的隔声处理 ........................ 97
2.4.6
EQUIVALENT ISOLATION SYSTEMS 等效隔音系统......................................................... 98
2.4.7
FOUNDATIONS AND VIBRATIONS ISOLATION 基础和隔振 .......................................... 98
2.4.8
WATER NOISE CONTROL 水噪声的控制 ............................................................................ 99
2.4.9
STEAM PIPING SIZING 蒸汽管道系统尺寸的确定 ............................................................ 100
2.4.10
DUCTWORK SIZING 风管系统尺寸的确定 ........................................................................ 100
2.5 TECHNICAL DETAILS 技术细则...................................................................................................... 101
2.5.1
VIBRATION ISOLATION 隔振 ............................................................................................. 101
2.5.2
THERMAL INSULATION AND PIPE IDENTIFICATION 隔热和管道判别 ..................... 101
2.5.2.1. General Workmanship 总的工作质量 ..................................................................................... 101
2.5.2.2. Fire & Smoke Hazard Rating 火灾及烟雾的危险级别........................................................... 102
2.5.2.3. Fire Protection Cladding 防火覆盖物 ..................................................................................... 102
2.5.2.4. Pipework Insulation 管道的隔热............................................................................................. 103
2.5.2.5. Equipment Insulation 设备的隔热 .......................................................................................... 104
2.5.2.6. Protection Against Weather Exposure 针对露天暴露的保护 ................................................. 105
2.5.2.7. Pipework Identification 管道系统的判别 ............................................................................... 106
2.5.2.8. Schedule of Piped Services Identification Colours (MANDATORY) 管道服务对象判别颜色的安排
（强制的）
..................................................................... 107
2.5.2.9. Colours To Be Used 待使用的颜色 ........................................................................................ 107
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TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
Section 3 – Electrical
第三章 – 电气
3.1 INCOMING SUPPLIES AND METERING 输入电源与计量............................................................. 115
3.1.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 115
3.1.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 116
3.1.3. SPECIFICATION AND APPLICATIONS GUIDE 技术说明和应用指导 ............................ 118
3.1.3.1. Incoming Electrical Supplies 输入电源................................................................................... 118
3.1.3.2. Metering 测量 .......................................................................................................................... 119
3.1.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约 ................................... 120
3.1.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置 .......................................................................................... 121
3.1.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常运行和维护 ............................................................ 122
3.2 MV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 中压配电系统.................................................................................... 123
3.2.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 123
3.2.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 123
3.2.2.1. MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ............................................................................................... 123
3.2.2.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 123
3.2.2.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 123
3.2.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明及应用指导 ................................... 124
3.2.3.1. MV Switchgear 开关设备 ....................................................................................................... 124
3.2.3.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 125
3.2.3.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 125
3.2.4. ENVIRONMENT& ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 .................................... 127
3.2.4.1. MV Switchgear 开关设备 ....................................................................................................... 127
3.2.4.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 128
3.2.4.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 128
3.2.5. SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置 .......................................................................................... 128
3.2.5.1. MV Switchgear 开关设备 ....................................................................................................... 128
3.2.5.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 128
3.2.5.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 128
3.2.6. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试 ................................................................... 128
3.2.6.1. MV Switchgear 开关设备 ....................................................................................................... 128
3.2.6.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 129
3.2.6.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 129
3.2.7. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维护 ........................................................................ 129
3.2.7.1. MV Switchgear 开关设备 ....................................................................................................... 129
3.2.7.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 130
3.2.7.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 130
3.2.8. SPARE PARTS 备件 ............................................................................................................... 130
3.2.8.1. MV Switchgear 开关设备 ....................................................................................................... 130
3.2.8.2. MV Cables 中压电缆 .............................................................................................................. 130
3.2.8.3. Transformers 变压器 ............................................................................................................... 130
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3.3. LV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 低压配电系统..................................................................................... 131
3.3.1.
GENERAL 一般规定 .............................................................................................................. 131
3.3.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则 ............................................................................................... 131
3.3.2.1. LV Switchgear 低压开关装置 ................................................................................................. 131
3.3.2.2. Bus Duct Systems 母线管道系统 ............................................................................................ 131
3.3.2.3. Voltage Regulators 电压调节器 .............................................................................................. 132
3.3.2.4. Power Factor Correction 功率因数校正.................................................................................. 132
3.3.2.5. LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆.................................................................................... 132
3.3.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和使用指南 ........................................... 132
3.3.3.1. LV Switchgear 低压开关装置 ................................................................................................. 132
3.3.3.2. Bus Duct Systems 母线导管系统 ............................................................................................ 133
3.3.3.3. Voltage Regulators 电压调节器 .............................................................................................. 133
3.3.3.4. Power Factor Correction 功率因数校正.................................................................................. 133
3.3.3.5. LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆.................................................................................... 134
3.3.4. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维修 .................................................................... 134
3.3.4.1. LV Switchgear 低压开关装置 ................................................................................................. 134
3.3.4.2. Bus-duct Systems 母线导管系统 ............................................................................................ 135
3.3.4.3. Voltage Regulators 电压调节器 .............................................................................................. 135
3.3.4.4. Power Factor Correction Equipment 功率因数校正 ............................................................... 135
3.3.4.5. LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆.................................................................................... 135
3.4. STANDBY POWER SYSTEM 备用电力系统...................................................................................... 136
3.4.1.
GENERAL 一般规定 .............................................................................................................. 136
3.4.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则 ............................................................................................... 136
3.4.2.1. Diesel Generator and Controls 柴油发电机和控制装置 ......................................................... 136
3.4.2.2. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System 不中断电力供应（UPS）系统....................... 139
3.4.3. SPECIFICATIONS & APPLICATIONS GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ....................................... 139
3.4.3.1. Diesel Generator and Controls 柴油发电机和控制装置 ......................................................... 139
3.4.3.2. Prime Power 最初的电力 ........................................................................................................ 140
3.4.3.3. UPS System 不中断电力供应（UPS）系统 .......................................................................... 141
3.4.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约 ................................... 142
3.4.4.1. Standby Diesel Generator 备用柴油发电机 ............................................................................ 142
3.4.4.2. UPS System 不间断电源系统................................................................................................. 143
3.4.5. OPERATION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS 操作和维修说明书 ........................... 143
3.4.5.1. Standby Generator 备用发电机 ............................................................................................... 143
3.4.5.2. UPS System 不间断电源系统 ................................................................................................. 143
3.5. EARTHING AND BONDING 接地和连接.......................................................................................... 145
3.5.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 145
3.5.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 145
3.5.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明以及应用指导 ............................... 145
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3.6. LIGHTING SYSTEMS 照明系统........................................................................................................ 147
3.6.1.
GENERAL 一般规定 .............................................................................................................. 147
3.6.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则 ............................................................................................... 147
3.6.3. SPECIFICATIONS & APPLICATION GUIDE 说明书和应用指南 ..................................... 151
3.6.3.1. Luminaires 灯具 ...................................................................................................................... 151
3.6.3.2. Dimming Systems 调光系统 ................................................................................................... 152
3.6.3.3. Lighting Control Systems 照明控制系统 ................................................................................ 154
3.6.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节能 ........................................... 155
3.6.4.1. Luminaires 灯具 ...................................................................................................................... 155
3.6.4.2. Dimming Systems 调光系统 ................................................................................................... 155
3.6.4.3. Lighting Control Systems 照明控制系统 ................................................................................ 156
3.6.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 ................................................................... 156
3.6.6.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 操作和维护 .................................................................... 156
3.6.7.
SPARE PARTS 备件 ............................................................................................................... 156
3.6.8.
RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURERS 推荐的制造商 ...................................................... 157
3.7. POWER SYSTEMS 电力系统.............................................................................................................. 158
3.7.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 158
3.7.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 158
3.7.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明及应用指导 ................................... 158
3.7.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节能 ........................................... 159
3.7.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和测试 ................................................................... 159
3.7.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维护 ........................................................................ 160
3.7.7.
RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURERS 推荐生产厂商 ...................................................... 160
3.8. GUEST ROOM REQUIREMENTS 客房要求................................................................................... 161
3.8.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 161
3.8.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 161
3.8.2.1. General 概要 ............................................................................................................................ 161
3.8.2.2. Lighting 照明 ........................................................................................................................... 162
3.8.2.3. Power 电力 .............................................................................................................................. 163
3.8.2.4. Communications 通信 ............................................................................................................. 163
3.8.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明以及应用指导 ............................... 163
3.8.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 164
3.8.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试 ................................................................... 164
3.8.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维保 ........................................................................ 165
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3.9. SWIMMING POOL INSTALLATIONS 游泳池安装......................................................................... 166
3.9.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 166
3.9.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 166
3.9.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明和应用指导 ................................... 166
3.10. FOOD PREPARATION AREA INSTALLATION 食品准备区域的安装.......................................... 168
3.10.1. GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 168
3.10.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 168
3.10.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 168
3.11 AIRCRAFT OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS 航空障碍灯..................................................................... 170
3.11.1. GENERAL 一般规定 ............................................................................................................. 170
3.12. SECURITY SYSTEMS 保安系统..................................................................................................... 171
3.12.1. GENERAL 一般规定 .............................................................................................................. 171
3.12.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准.............................................................................................. 171
3.12.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 171
3.12.3.1. System Concept 系统概念 ...................................................................................................... 171
3.12.3.2. Subsystems 子系统 ................................................................................................................. 172
3.12.3.3. Equipment 设备 ...................................................................................................................... 173
3.12.4. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试 ................................................................... 180
3.12.5. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维护 .................................................................... 180
3.12.6. SPARE PARTS 零件.............................................................................................................. 180
3.12.7. APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 合格制造商 .................................................................... 181
3.13. COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA SYSTEMS 通信与数据系统..................................................... 182
3.13.1. GENERAL 一般叙述 .............................................................................................................. 182
3.13.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 182
3.13.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 182
3.13.4. COMMISSIONING AND TESTING 试运行和测试 ............................................................. 183
3.13.5. TELEPHONE STANDARDS 电话标准 ................................................................................. 183
3.14. LIGHTNING PROTECTION 雷电保护........................................................................................... 185
3.14.1. GENERAL 一般叙述 .............................................................................................................. 185
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3.14.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 185
3.14.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 185
3.14.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约 ................................... 186
3.14.5. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试 ................................................................... 186
3.14.6. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 .................................................................... 186
3.15. MASTER ANTENNA TELEVISION AERIAL SYSTEM 共用天线电视的天线系统........................ 187
3.15.1. GENERAL 一般叙述 ............................................................................................................. 187
3.15.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 187
3.15.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 187
3.16. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FUNCTION ROOMS 关于多功能厅的特别规定................... 189
3.16.1. GENERAL 一般叙述 .............................................................................................................. 189
3.16.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 189
3.16.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 190
3.16.3.1. Lighting 照明 .......................................................................................................................... 190
3.16.3.2. Small Power 备用电源............................................................................................................ 190
3.16.3.3. Data/Voice System 数据/语音系统 ........................................................................................ 191
3.14.3.4. MATV System 共用天线电视系统....................................................................................... 191
3.16.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约 ................................... 191
3.17. AUDIO VISUAL SYSTEMS 可视音频系统........................................................................................ 192
3.17.1. GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 192
3.17.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 192
3.17.2.1. Background Music/Paging System 背景音乐/广播系统 ........................................................ 192
3.17.2.2. Local Sound Systems 本地音响系统 ...................................................................................... 192
3.17.2.3. Simultaneous Interpretation System 同声传译系统 ............................................................... 193
3.17.2.4. Conferencing System 会议系统 .............................................................................................. 194
3.17.2.5. Video Presentation Systems 视频演示系统 .......................................................................... 194
3.17.2.6. Staff Paging System 员工呼叫系统 ........................................................................................ 194
3.17.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规范及使用指南 ........................................... 194
3.17.3.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 194
3.17.3.2. Coordination 协调 ................................................................................................................... 195
3.17.3.3. Areas Requiring Sound System Installation 需安装音响系统的区域 .................................... 198
3.17.3.4. Location of Sound System Electronics 音响系统电气设备的位置 ....................................... 206
3.17.3.5. Control Rooms 控制室 ........................................................................................................... 206
3.17.3.6. Emergency and Life Safety Operation 紧急情况生命安全操作 ............................................ 208
3.17.3.7. Standards of Acceptance for Sound System components 音响系统元器件验收标准 ........... 209
3.17.3.8. General Construction Requirements for the Sound System 音响系统总的建筑要求 ............ 209
3.17.3.9. Basic Sound System Performance 音响系统的基本性能 ...................................................... 211
3.17.3.10. Key to Sound System Design Guidelines 音响系统设计大纲的要点 ................................. 212
3.17.3.11. Coordination to Interface to Audio Visual Systems 可视音频系统界面的协调 .................. 214
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3.17.3.12. As-Built Documentation by Contractor 分包商的竣工文件 ................................................ 214
3.17.3.13. Projection Screens 投影屏幕 ................................................................................................ 215
3.17.3.14. Board Rooms, Seminar Theaters and Lecture Halls 会议室、研讨专区和演讲厅 ............. 215
3.18. GENERAL 概述................................................................................................................................. 217
3.18.1. GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 217
3.18.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 217
3.18.3. SPECIFICATION &APPLICATION GUIDE 规定及要求指南 ............................................ 220
3.18.3.1. Labeling 标识 .......................................................................................................................... 220
3.18.3.2. Mounting Heights 安装高度 ................................................................................................... 221
3.18.4. SPARE PARTS 零件 ............................................................................................................... 222
Section 4 – Elevators
第四章 – 电梯
4.1. ELEVATORS 电梯 ............................................................................................................................ 226
4.1.1
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 226
4.1.2
4.1.2.1
4.1.2.2
4.1.2.3
4.1.2.4
4.1.2.5
4.1.2.6
4.1.2.7
4.1.2.8
RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE 其它地方指定的相关工作 ......................... 226
Legal Hoistway and Pit:合法的电梯井道和底坑 ................................................................... 226
Legal Machine Room:合法机房 .............................................................................................. 227
Electrical Service, Conductors and Devices:电器保养、管理和设备 .................................... 227
Standby Power Provision Emergency Generator:备用应急发电机 ........................................ 227
Regulatory Agency Compliance:管理机构遵循的原则.......................................................... 228
Permit, Test and Inspection:许可、测试和检查 ..................................................................... 228
Warranty:担保 ......................................................................................................................... 228
Maintenance 维护 .................................................................................................................... 228
4.1.3
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 229
4.1.4
PRODUCT STANDARDS 产品标准 ..................................................................................... 230
4.1.4.1 Traveling Cables:滑动电缆 ..................................................................................................... 230
4.1.5
ELEVATOR APPLICATIONS 电梯应用............................................................................... 231
4.1.5.1 Preferred Elevator Applications:首选电梯应用 ...................................................................... 231
4.1.5.2 Escalator Applications:电动扶梯应用 .................................................................................... 231
4.1.6
4.1.6.1
4.1.6.2
4.1.6.3
4.1.6.4
ELEVATOR EQUIPMENT STANDARDS 电梯设备标准 ................................................... 232
Acceptable Contractors:获准的承包商 ................................................................................... 232
Traction Machine Room Equipment: 牵引机房设备 .............................................................. 232
Signals:信号 ............................................................................................................................ 232
Intercom And Distress System:对讲器和遇难系统 ................................................................ 234
4.1.7
4.1.7.1
4.1.7.2
4.1.7.3
4.1.7.4
4.1.7.5
4.1.7.6
4.1.7.7
ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS 电梯控制系统 ............................................................. 234
Group Automatic Operation:电梯组自动操作 ........................................................................ 234
Duplex Selective Collective Operation:双选择集体运转 ....................................................... 234
Simplex Selective Collective:单选择集体 .............................................................................. 235
Special Operations:特殊操作 .................................................................................................. 235
Standby Power:备用电力 ........................................................................................................ 235
Fireman’s Emergency:消防紧急状态 ..................................................................................... 236
Card Reader Access, if required:如果需要，配置读卡器 ...................................................... 236
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4.1.7.8 Earthquake Emergency, if required: 如果需要，可配备地震紧急操作按钮 ....................... 236
4.1.7.9 Auto-Return, Hydraulic Elevators only: 自动返回，只适用于液压电梯 ............................. 236
4.1.7.10 Door Hold, Service Elevators only: 门常开，只适用于维修电梯 ......................................... 236
4.1.8
ELEVATOR PERFOMANCE STANDARDS 电梯性能标准................................................ 236
4.1.8.1 Running Speed:运行速度 ........................................................................................................ 237
4.1.8.2 Capacity:容量 .......................................................................................................................... 237
4.1.8.3 Stopping Zone:停靠区 ............................................................................................................. 237
4.1.8.4 Door Opening Time:开门时间 ................................................................................................ 237
4.1.8.5 Door Closing Time:关门时间 ................................................................................................. 237
4.1.8.6 Door Dwell Time; Car Call:开门停留时间；轿厢呼叫 ......................................................... 237
4.1.8.7 Door Dwell Time; Lobby Call:开门停留时间；大厅呼叫..................................................... 237
4.1.8.8 Non Interference Door Dwell Time:非冲突门停留时间 ........................................................ 237
4.1.8.9 Door Nudging Dwell Time:门在轻推后的停留时间.............................................................. 237
4.1.8.10 Door Closing Pressure:关门压力 ............................................................................................ 237
4.1.8.11 Floor to Floor Performance Time:楼层到楼层的运行时间 .................................................... 237
4.1.8.12 Ride Quality:乘坐质量 ............................................................................................................ 238
4.1.8.13 Airborne Noise:空气传播的噪声 ............................................................................................ 238
4.1.9
4.1.9.1
4.1.9.2
4.1.9.3
4.1.9.4
4.1.9.5
ESCALATOR STANDARDS 电动扶梯标准......................................................................... 238
System Description:系统描述 ................................................................................................. 238
Truss and Truss Equipment:构架和构架设备 ......................................................................... 238
Safety Equipment:安全设备 .................................................................................................... 240
Moving Equipment:移动设备 ................................................................................................. 240
Exposed Construction:露天建筑 ............................................................................................. 241
4.1.10 INSTALLATION 安装 ............................................................................................................... 242
4.1.11 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL 现场质量控制........................................................................... 242
4.1.12 ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION AND TESTS 接受检查和测试 ................................................ 242
4.1.12.1 General:概述............................................................................................................................ 242
4.1.12.2 Performance Guarantee:性能保证 ........................................................................................... 243
4.1.13 PURCHASER’S INFORMATION 买方信息 ............................................................................ 244
Section 5 – Plumbing
第五章 – 管道工程
5.1. WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION供水和管道系统................................................................. 250
5.1.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 250
5.1.2.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 性能标准 ................................................................................ 250
5.1.3. WATER QUALITY 水质 ........................................................................................................ 250
5.1.3.1. Quantity 水量........................................................................................................................... 252
5.1.4. SYSTEMS & MAJOR COMPONENTS 系统和主要部件 ..................................................... 252
5.1.4.1. Water pumps 水泵 ................................................................................................................... 252
5.1.4.2. Water Storage 水的储存 .......................................................................................................... 252
5.1.4.3. Water Treatment 水的处理...................................................................................................... 253
5.1.4.4. Domestic Hot Water System 生活热水系统 ........................................................................... 254
5.1.4.5. Laundry Hot Water System 洗衣房热水系统 ......................................................................... 254
5.1.4.6. Kitchen Hot Water System 厨房热水系统 .............................................................................. 255
5.1.4.7. Non-potable Water System 非饮用水系统.............................................................................. 255
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5.1.5. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 256
5.1.5.1. Valves 阀门 ............................................................................................................................. 256
5.1.5.2. Sizing 尺寸 .............................................................................................................................. 256
5.1.5.3. Materials 材料 ......................................................................................................................... 257
5.1.6.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 261
5.1.7. SPACE ALLOCATION 空间分配 .......................................................................................... 262
5.1.7.1. Schedule of Plantroom Area Requirement 机房区要求清单 .................................................. 262
5.1.8.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和测试 ................................................................... 262
5.1.9.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS 操作、维修指南和工具 ... 262
5.2. WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM 软化水系统 ................................................................................ 264
5.2.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 264
5.2.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 264
5.2.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 264
5.2.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 265
5.2.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置 .......................................................................................... 265
5.3. SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM卫浴排水系统............................................................................... 266
5.3.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 266
5.3.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 266
5.3.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 266
5.3.3.1. Piping 管道 .............................................................................................................................. 266
5.3.3.2. Clean-outs 清扫口 ................................................................................................................... 267
5.3.3.3. Ejector Systems 排水系统 ....................................................................................................... 267
5.3.3.4. Venting System 通风系统 ....................................................................................................... 267
5.3.3.5. Plumbing Shaft Drainage 管道井排水 .................................................................................... 267
5.3.3.6. Indirect Waste System 集水沟 ................................................................................................. 267
5.3.3.7. Manholes and Inspection Chambers 检修孔（室） ................................................................ 268
5.3.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 268
5.3.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和测试 ................................................................... 268
5.3.6.
SPARE PARTS 备件 ............................................................................................................... 269
5.4. SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM污水处理系统.................................................................................... 270
5.4.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 270
5.4.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 270
5.4.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION 规格和应用................................................................. 270
5.4.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节约能源保护 ........................... 271
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5.4.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间分配 .......................................................................................... 271
5.4.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 ................................................................... 271
5.4.7.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS 操作、维修指南和工具 ... 272
5.4.8.
SPARE PARTS 备件 ............................................................................................................... 272
5.5. STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM 雨水排水系统.................................................................................... 274
5.5.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 274
5.5.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 274
5.5.3. SPECIFCATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格与应用指南............................................. 274
5.5.3.1. Hard Standing Area Drainage 大面积地面排水...................................................................... 274
5.5.3.2. Manholes and Inspection Chambers 检修孔和检查室 ............................................................ 274
5.5.3.3. Catch Basins 隔栅滤污器 ........................................................................................................ 274
5.5.3.4. Seepage Pits 集水坑 ................................................................................................................ 275
5.5.3.5. Drainage from Roof & Terrace Areas 屋顶和平台排水 ......................................................... 275
5.5.3.6. Drainage from Pitched Roof Areas 斜屋顶区排水.................................................................. 275
5.5.3.7. Syphonic Surface Water Systems 大表面排水系统 ................................................................ 275
5.5.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境与能源保护 ................................... 276
5.5.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置 .......................................................................................... 276
5.5.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 ................................................................... 276
5.5.7.
SPARE PARTS 备件 ............................................................................................................... 277
5.6. GAS 煤气.............................................................................................................................................. 278
5.6.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 278
5.6.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 278
5.6.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 278
5.6.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 278
5.6.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置 .......................................................................................... 278
5.6.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和测试 ................................................................... 279
5.7. COMPRESSED AIR AND VACUUM SYSTEM 压缩空气和真空系统 ....................................... 280
5.7.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 280
5.7.2.
DESIGN CRITRIA 设计标准 ................................................................................................. 280
5.7.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 280
5.7.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 281
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5.8. SANITARY FIXTURES卫生设备........................................................................................................ 282
5.8.1. GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 282
5.8.1.1. Guest Bathroom Sanitary Fixtures 客房卫生设备................................................................... 282
5.8.1.2. Public Toilet Sanitary Fixtures 公众厕所卫生设备 ................................................................ 283
5.8.1.3. Service Area Sanitary Fixtures 服务区卫生设备 .................................................................... 283
5.8.2.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 284
5.8.3.
APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 建议的生产厂商 ............................................................ 284
5.8.4.
SANITARYWARE SCHEDULE 卫生洁具说明 ................................................................... 284
5.9. SWIMMING POOL SYSTEMS 游泳池系统 .................................................................................. 287
5.9.1.
GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 287
5.9.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 287
5.9.3.
SWIMMING POOL SYSTEM CYCLE 游泳池循环系统...................................................... 287
5.9.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 ................................... 292
5.10. MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS 各种辅助系统 ............................................................................. 293
5.10.1. BORE HOLE PUMPS 深井抽水泵......................................................................................... 293
5.10.1.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 293
5.10.1.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 293
5.10.1.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 ............................................................. 293
5.10.2. SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS, SUMPS & SEWAGE EJECTORS 潜水泵、污水坑和排污装置 294
5.10.2.1. Generall 概述 .......................................................................................................................... 294
5.10.2.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 294
5.10.2.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 ............................................................. 295
5.10.3. BOOSTER PUMP SETS & PRESSURE VESSELS 增压泵组和压力容器........................... 296
5.10.3.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 296
5.10.3.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 296
5.10.3.3. Specification and Application Guide 规格和应用指南 .......................................................... 296
5.10.4. CIRCULATION PUMPS 循环泵 ............................................................................................ 298
5.10.4.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 298
5.10.4.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 298
5.10.4.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 ............................................................. 298
5.10.5. STORAGE TANKS & CISTERNS 储水罐和蓄水池............................................................. 298
5.10.5.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 298
5.10.5.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 299
5.10.6. INDIRECT WATER HEATERS/CALORIFIERS & HEAT EXCHANGERS 热水器/热交换器299
5.10.6.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 299
5.10.6.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 299
5.10.6.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 ............................................................. 299
5.10.6.4. Environmental Considerations 环境........................................................................................ 300
5.10.6.5. Space Allocation 空间分配 ..................................................................................................... 300
5.10.7. DIRECT WATER HEATERS 直接热水器 ............................................................................ 300
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5.10.7.1. General 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 301
5.10.7.2. Design Criteria 设计标准........................................................................................................ 301
5.10.7.3. Specification & Applications 规格和应用 .............................................................................. 301
5.11. SUB METERING 分表计量.............................................................................................................. 303
5.11.1. GENERAL 概述 ...................................................................................................................... 303
5.11.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 303
5.11.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................................... 303
Section 6 – Facilities for Travelers with Disabilities
第六章 – 残障游客设施
6.1. FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS WITH DISABILITIES 残障游客设施........................................ 306
6.1.1.
GENERAL 概要 ...................................................................................................................... 306
6.1.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................................... 306
6.1.2.1. Electrical 电气 ......................................................................................................................... 306
6.1.2.2. HVAC 采暖通风与空调 ......................................................................................................... 306
6.1.2.3. Plumbing 管道工程 ................................................................................................................. 306
Section 7 – Fire Life Safety
第七章 – 防火生命安全
7.1 OVERVIEW – ABOUT THESE STANDARDS 总论- 关于这些标准.................................................. 312
7.1.1.
GENERAL 一般规定 .............................................................................................................. 312
7.1.2.
REFERENCE 参考文献 .......................................................................................................... 314
7.2 FIRE PREVENTION 火灾预防 ........................................................................................................ 314
7.2.1.
EXTERNAL IGNITION CONTROL 外部起火的控制 ......................................................... 315
7.2.2. WHEN PROTECTION IS REQUIRED 什么时候需要保护 ................................................. 315
7.2.2.1. Degree of Protection 保护程度................................................................................................ 315
7.2.3.
THERMAL ENERGY SOURCES 热能源.............................................................................. 316
7.2.4.
HUMAN INVOLVEMENT 人为因素 .................................................................................... 316
7.2.5. INITIAL FIRE GROWTH 火灾的初始生成 .......................................................................... 316
7.2.5.1. Fuel for Ignition 会形成起火的燃料 ...................................................................................... 316
7.2.5.2. Decorations 装饰 ..................................................................................................................... 317
7.2.5.3. Special Cases 特殊情况 ........................................................................................................... 319
7.2.6. FIRE DURATION 火灾的持续时间 ...................................................................................... 319
7.2.6.1. Fuel Load Distribution 燃料负荷的分布 ................................................................................ 319
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
7.2.6.2. Time-temperature Curve 时间-温度曲线 ................................................................................ 319
7.3. COMPARTMENTATION 防火间隔................................................................................................... 321
7.3.1.
RATING OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS 结构单元的防火定级 ....................................... 321
7.3.2. TYPE IV CONSTRUCTION 类型 IV 构造............................................................................ 322
7.3.2.1. General 一般规定 .................................................................................................................... 322
7.3.2.2. Columns 柱子 .......................................................................................................................... 322
7.3.2.3. Floor Framing 地板框架 ......................................................................................................... 322
7.3.2.4. Roof Framing 屋顶框架 .......................................................................................................... 322
7.3.2.5. Flooring 地板铺设 ................................................................................................................... 323
7.3.2.6. Roofs 屋顶 ............................................................................................................................... 323
7.3.2.7. Walls 墙壁 ............................................................................................................................... 323
7.3.2.8. Exterior Structural Members 外部结构件 ............................................................................... 323
7.3.3. BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS 楼宇高度和面积 ........................................................ 324
7.3.3.1. Height of Building 楼宇高度................................................................................................... 324
7.3.3.2. Clarification 声明 .................................................................................................................... 324
7.3.3.3. Classification of Buildings 楼宇的分类 .................................................................................. 324
7.3.4. BARRIERS TO FIRE SPREAD 火灾散布的屏障 ................................................................. 325
7.3.4.1. Floors 地板 .............................................................................................................................. 325
7.3.4.2. Fire Walls, Doors and Dampers 防火墙、门和防火阀阻尼器 ............................................... 325
7.3.4.3. Fire Partitions, Doors and Dampers 防火隔墙、门和防火阀 ................................................. 326
7.3.4.4. Corridors Walls, Doors and Dampers 走廊墙壁、门和防火阀 .............................................. 328
7.3.4.5. Exit Stairwell Enclosures 安全出口楼梯间围墙 .................................................................... 328
7.3.4.6. Elevators Enclosures 电梯围墙 ............................................................................................... 328
7.3.4.7. Other Shafts 其它井筒 ............................................................................................................. 329
7.3.4.8. Escalators 自动扶梯 ................................................................................................................ 325
7.3.4.9. Atria 中庭 ................................................................................................................................ 330
7.3.4.10.Attic 顶楼................................................................................................................................. 332
7.3.4.11.Separation of Use Spaces 使用空间的隔离 ............................................................................. 332
7.3.4.12. Separation of Use Group 使用组别的隔离 ............................................................................. 332
7.3.4.13. Other Areas 其它区域 ............................................................................................................. 333
7.3.5. BARRIERS TO SMOKE SPREAD 烟雾散布的屏障 ............................................................ 334
7.3.5.1. Physical Barriers 物理屏障 ..................................................................................................... 335
7.3.5.2. Smoke Management Systems 烟雾管理系统 .......................................................................... 335
7.4. DETECTION, ALARM AND EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION检测，报警和紧急通讯 ........... 336
7.4.1. DETECTION 检测 .................................................................................................................. 336
7.4.1.1. Human Detection 人的检测..................................................................................................... 337
7.4.1.2. Heat 热量 ................................................................................................................................. 337
7.4.1.3. Smoke 烟雾 ............................................................................................................................. 338
7.4.2. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM 火灾报警系统 ................................................................................ 339
7.4.2.1. Emergency Paging and Voice Alarm System 紧急播叫和声音报警系统 .............................. 341
7.4.2.2. Fireman’s Telephone System 消防电话系统 .......................................................................... 341
7.4.2.3. Smoke Management System 烟雾管理系统 ........................................................................... 341
7.4.2.4. Equipment 设备 ....................................................................................................................... 341
7.4.2.5. Fire Alarm System Operation 火灾报警系统的操作 .............................................................. 344
7.4.2.6. Emergency Voice Evacuation Systems Operation 紧急疏散系统的操作 ............................... 348
7.4.2.7. Fireman’s Telephone System Operation 消防队员电话系统的操作 ...................................... 351
7.4.2.8. Pocket Pager Interface 袖珍寻呼机接口 ................................................................................. 351
7.4.2.9. Smoke Management Control System 烟雾管理控制系统 ...................................................... 352
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
7.4.2.10. Lift Interface 电梯的接口 ....................................................................................................... 352
7.4.2.11. Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning 采暖，通风和空调 ............................................. 353
7.4.2.12. Building Management Systems (BMS) 楼宇管理系统 ........................................................... 353
7.4.2.13. Sprinkler/Fire Pump System 喷淋/消防泵系统....................................................................... 353
7.4.2.14. Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳.................................................................................................... 353
COMMISSIONING & TESTING OF FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT 消防设备的试运转和调试
................................................................................................................................................. 354
7.4.3.1. Alarms 报警 ............................................................................................................................ 354
7.4.3.2. System Operation 系统的运行 ................................................................................................ 354
7.4.3.3. Local Action on Alarm 报警的当地作用 ............................................................................... 356
7.4.3.
7.4.4. FIRE DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION 消防部门的通告 .................................................... 356
7.4.4.1. Automatic 自动的 .................................................................................................................... 356
7.4.4.2. Manual 人工的 ........................................................................................................................ 357
7.4.5.
RECORDS AND INSTRUCTIONS 纪录和说明 ................................................................... 358
7.5. ESCAPE ROUTES AND EMERGENCY POWER 逃生路线和紧急电源.......................................... 358
7.5.1.
SUMMARY 综述 .................................................................................................................... 358
7.5.2. ESCAPE SYSTEM COMPONENTS 逃生系统的组成部分 .................................................. 360
7.5.2.1. Exit Access System 安全出口通路系统 ................................................................................. 360
7.5.2.2. Exit Access Capacity 安全出口通路容量 .............................................................................. 361
7.5.2.3. Distance of Travel and Exit Separation 行程的距离和安全出口分离 ................................... 361
7.5.2.4. Exit Protection 安全出口的保护............................................................................................. 362
7.5.2.5. Exit Access Identification 安全出口通路的判别.................................................................... 363
7.5.3. PROTECTED MEANS OF ESCAPE 逃生的保护措施 ......................................................... 364
7.5.3.1. Capacity 容量 ......................................................................................................................... 364
7.5.3.2. Minimum Number of Exits 安全出口最小数.......................................................................... 365
7.5.3.3. Egress Capacity for All Occupancies 所有入住者的撤出容量 .............................................. 366
7.5.3.4. Occupant Load (Population Density)入住客负荷（人口密度） ........................................... 366
7.5.3.5. Horizontal Exits 水平安全出口............................................................................................... 366
7.5.4. MARKING OF EXITS 安全出口标记.................................................................................... 367
7.5.4.1. Protection 保护 ........................................................................................................................ 367
7.5.4.2. Dimensions 尺寸...................................................................................................................... 368
7.5.4.3. Security 保安 ........................................................................................................................... 369
7.5.4.4. Stairwell and Ramp Dimension Requirements 楼梯间和坡道尺寸要求 ................................ 369
7.5.4.5. Exit Discharge System 安全出口排放系统............................................................................. 370
7.5.4.6. Capacity 容量 .......................................................................................................................... 370
7.5.4.7. Location 地点 .......................................................................................................................... 371
7.5.4.8. Enclosure 围墙 ........................................................................................................................ 371
7.5.4.9. Marking of Exit Discharge 安全出口排放的标记 .................................................................. 371
7.5.4.10. Security at Exit Discharge Doors 安全出口排放门处的保安................................................. 372
7.5.5. LIGHTING, MARKING AND EMERGENCY POWER 照明，标记和紧急通讯 ............... 372
7.5.5.1. Lighting 照明 ........................................................................................................................... 372
7.5.5.2. Exit and Directional Signs 安全出口和方向符号 ................................................................... 373
7.5.5.3. Emergency Power Requirements 紧急电力的要求 ................................................................. 373
7.6. FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 灭火系统 .............................................................................. 376
7.6.1.
AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS 自动喷淋系统........................................................ 376
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENT 目录
7.6.2.
HYDRAULICALLY DESIGN SYSTEMS (REQUIRED BY IHG) 液力设计系统（IHG 要求的）
................................................................................................................................................. 376
7.6.3.
PIPE SCHEDULE SYSTEMS 管道计划系统 ........................................................................ 377
7.6.4.
MANUAL SYSTEMS 手动系统 ............................................................................................ 378
7.6.5. SPECFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南............................................. 379
7.6.5.1. Sprinkler Systems 喷淋系统 .................................................................................................... 379
7.6.5.2. Restaurant hood, duct and cooking appliance systems 厨房排烟罩，风管和烹饪器具系统. 382
7.6.5.3. Computer rooms 计算机房 ...................................................................................................... 387
7.6.5.4. First aid fire hose reels (hose racks) 急救消防水龙带架（水龙带架） ................................ 387
7.6.5.5. Hand held fire extinguishers 手持灭火器 ................................................................................ 387
7.6.5.6. Hydrant Systems 消防栓系统 ................................................................................................. 388
7.6.5.7. Standpipes and hose Reels 立式管子和水龙带架 ................................................................... 389
7.6.5.8. Siamese Connections 叉形头连接........................................................................................... 391
7.6.6. WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS 供水要求 ................................................................... 392
7.6.6.1. Methodology 方法 ................................................................................................................... 392
7.6.6.2. Worked Example 工作实例 ..................................................................................................... 393
7.6.6.3. Permitted Deviations 允许的偏差 ........................................................................................... 394
7.6.7.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能量节约 ................................... 394
7.6.8.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 ................................................................... 395
7.6.9.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维修 .................................................................... 395
7.6.10. SPARE PARTS 备件............................................................................................................... 396
7.6.11. APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 核准的制造商 ................................................................ 396
7.6.12. FIRE PROTECTION CHECKLIST 消防检查清单................................................................ 396
7.7. RELATED FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 相关防火要求............................................. 398
7.7.1.
FIRE COMMAND CENTRE (FCC) 消防指挥中心（FCC） ............................................... 398
7.7.2.
DEDICATED ELEVATORS 专用电梯 .................................................................................. 398
7.7.3.
ACCESS 通路 ......................................................................................................................... 399
7.7.4.
SMOKE AND HEAT VENTING 烟雾和热量排出 ............................................................... 400
7.7.5.
TENTS AND TEMPORARY STRUCTURE 帐篷和临时建筑 ............................................. 400
Section 8 – Schematics
第八章 – 图表
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 8 – SCHEMATICS
Section 9 –holiday inn Express in Greater China Region
第九章 – 大中华区智选假日酒店
9.1 INTRODUCTION 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 473
9.2 HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING 采暖，通风和空调 ......................... 473
9.3 ELECTRICAL 电力 ......................................................................................................................... 475
9.4 VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION 垂直运输 ................................................................................ 478
9.5 PLUMBING, DRAINAGE AND GAS 管道，排水及煤气 ............................................................ 479
9.6 FIRE, LIFE SAFETY 消防、生命安全 .......................................................................................... 480
9.7 SECURITY SYSTEM 安防系统 ...................................................................................................... 480
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
1) STANDARDS SUMMARY
标准概要
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1
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
1.0
GENERAL REQUIREMENT 一般要求 ....................................................................................... 3
1.1
SUMMARY 概要 ............................................................................................................................ 4
1.2
COMMON OMISSIONS AND PROBLEMS 常见的疏忽以及问题 ........................................ 14
1.2.1
FIRE LIFE SAFETY 消防生命安全 ........................................................................ 14
1.2.2
MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING 机械、电气和管道系统 ...... 16
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
1.0
GENERAL REQUIREMENT 一般要求
Any deviations proposed from these standards must be submitted, in writing, to IHG designer &engineer,
together with the detailed description of the proposed change, cost implications and reasons for the
deviation. In all cases, submit product and equipment data and samples of alternate products proposed.
必须提交任何与洲际标准不同的偏差表以供洲际设计师或工程师批准，偏差表中应详细描述与
洲际标准偏差的内容，造价影响以及偏差原因。在任何情况下，须提交产品、设备数据以及更
换的产品样品供审核。
Submission of a proposed deviation in no way implies that the deviation will be accepted. No deviations
are to be incorporated in the design without the written approval of IHG.
提交此偏差表并不意味着偏差能够被接受。然而，如果没有洲际的书面批准，任何偏差都不会
被接受。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
1.1
SUMMARY 概要
InterContinental Hotels Group 洲际酒店集团
Engineering Standards for Inter-Continental Hotels Group 洲际酒店集团工程设计技术标准
Summary 概要
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
AIR
CONDITIONING
空调
General 概述
All public areas fully air conditioned. Service areas
ventilation except staff cafeteria, offices. HVAC in
locations with average temp of 13oC >5hrs/yr.
所有公共区域需完全配备空调。除员工餐厅和办公
室外，其他服务区域需通风。暖通空调平均温度设
o
置在 13 C>5 小时/年
Air changes & temperature
换气和温度
As detailed in tables
详见列表
Guest rooms
客房
Moderate climate: 4-pipe overhead fan coil, tropical: 2pipe. Temperature summer: 22oC; winter: 24oC.
Thermostat setting 23oC +/- 3oC.
温和气候地区：4 管制天花风机盘管；热带区域：2
o
o
管制。夏季温度：22 C；冬季温度：24 C。温控器
o
o
设置：23 C +/- 3 C
Fresh primary air/ exhaust: 100m3/h/90m3/h/room
with thermal wheel heat recovery.
主新风/排气： 100m3/h/90m3/h/房间带热转轮热量
回收
Public areas
公共区域
Medium pressure multiple zone variable air volume
systems. 23oC.
o
中压多区域变风量系统 23 C
Swimming Pool – Indoors
室内游泳池
VAV with latent heat recovery. 28oC
o
带潜热回收的变风量系统 28 C
Administration, Telephone
operator & Department head
offices
Minimum fresh air/exhaust + individual fan coils
最小新风/排气 + 独立风机盘管
行政、总机和部门经理办公室
Service areas
服务区域
Laundry 100% fresh air/exhaust. 28oC with spot
cooling.
o
洗衣房 100%新风/排气，28 C 带局部制冷
o
Kitchens Induction hood. 27 C with spot cooling.
o
感应式厨房排油烟风罩，27 C 带局部制冷
Staff cafeteria 员工餐厅
Computer room
电脑房
HVAC. 23oC 暖通空调：23 C
Independent self-contained unit. 21oC (± 1oC), 55%
R.H. (± 5% R.H.)
o
o
独立的全套机组：21 C(±1 C),55%湿度(±5%湿度)
Lift plant rooms
电梯机房
Tropical locations: Self-contained unit, unless supplied
by room exhaust
热带区域：全套设备机组，除非房间提供通风
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4
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Equipment 设备
Chillers
Scroll/Screw/Centrifugal
冷却器–涡旋式/螺旋式/
离心式
Requirements 要求
Where chillers are used, they shall be configured as
follows:
1. Three chillers at approximately 37% each with
minimum one screw type, or
2. In case of larger load, four or more chillers, a
combination of total 110% of design load with
minimum one screw type.
3. In case of smaller load, minimum 2 chillers required
at 67% each, screw type.
在使用制冷机组的地方，制冷机组的配置须按如下
所示：
1. 通常为 3 台，每台承担大约 37%容量，或两大一
小，最少 1 台为螺杆机
2. 大负荷情况，四台或以上的总装机容量为 110%
的设计负荷，最少 1 台为螺杆机。
3. 小负荷情况，最少 2 台，每台承担 67%设计负
荷，为螺杆机。
制冷剂：R134a, 407C，只用无氟制冷剂
Cooling Towers
冷却塔
Cross-flow/ induced draft-2speed fans. Not required
for air-cooled chillers.
交叉流动/包括通风式二管制风扇。无需空气冷却
式冷却器
Boilers - Hot water
锅炉–热水
Cold climate <4oC: 2 hot water units @ 67%; Warm
climate >5oC: 2@50%. of maximum demand.
Diversity: 80%. 94% efficiency or heat pump.
o
寒冷地区<4 C：2 套机组达到 67%最大需求；温暖气
o
候差异>5 C：2 套机组达到 50%最大需求。差异：
80%。94%效率或热泵
Boilers – Steam
锅炉–蒸汽式
2 units @ 100%. 3-pass water tubes boilers.
2 套机组达到 100%最大需求。3 回程水管锅炉
Building Automation
楼宇自动控制
Controlling entire HVAC incl. fan coils, major
plumbing equipment. Specific electrical circuits,
coldrooms & freezers, spec. life safety equipment.
Sub-metering. Interface w. Fidelio.
控制整个暖通空调，包括风机盘管，主管道设备。
特殊电路，冷房和冷藏库，救生设备。辅助计量。
与 Fidelio 系统接口
Fans
风扇
Non-overloading centrifugal fan type. Impellers should
have backward curved blades exc. fan coils.
不超载的离心式风扇形式。除了风机盘管以外叶轮
必须有后曲叶片。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
PLUMBING
管道系统
Water Supply
供水
Water supply shall be reliable and comply with World
Health Organization standards and/or Chinese Code of
《Standards for Drinking Water Quality GB 5749》.
Additional treatment to be non corrosive & non-scale
forming. Unreliable supply backed up by own well,
desalination plant & storage tanks. Capacity: 900
ltrs/room/day. W/o laundry: 750 ltrs/room/day.
供水系统应是可靠的，并符合世界卫生组织标准或
中国标准《饮用水水质标准 GB5749》。额外的处
理必须以非腐蚀和无氧化形式。非固定的备用供应
依靠在自己的水井，脱盐设备以及储水罐。容量：
900 升/房间/天。不包括洗衣房：750 升/房间/天。
Distribution
配置
Max. fixture pressure 4.5 bar per zone and Min
pressure 2.0 bar. Separate pumps for each zone. Direct
feed to lower floors if street pressure is adequate. Submetering all major departments.
最大固定设备压力 4.5 巴/区域。最小为 2.0 巴。
各区配备独立泵。若市政压力充足将直接供给低楼
层。所有主要部门采用辅助计量。
Hardness
硬度
0 ppm for boilers, dishwashers. 50 ppm laundry.120
ppm cooling towers & hot water. 150ppm hot water.
锅炉，洗碗机：0 ppm，：洗衣房 50 ppm，冷却塔
120ppm，热水：150 ppm
Water Treatment
水处理
Dedicated water treatment systems for cooling towers,
boilers, closed circuits heating & cooling
为冷却塔、锅炉、闭合电路式制热和制冷系统配置
专门的水处理系统.
Kitchens
&
Laundry
Effluent
厨房以及洗衣房排水
Grease traps for kitchen effluent. PH correction for
laundry-as required.
为厨房排污水配置油脂分离器。按要求进行洗衣房
的 PH 修正
Hot water
热水
Duplex storage type with circulation pumps. Shell/tube
heat exchangers. Where non-scale forming exterior
plate/frame heat exchangers. General supply: 60 oC.
Dishwasher booster to 80oC. Thermostatic anti-scald
mixing valves in all public areas to limit to 40oC.
双缸蓄水式循环泵。管壳式热交换器。无氧化形成
o
室外板式热交换器。普通供水：60 C。洗碗机增压
o
机：80 C。所有公共区域的恒温防烫伤混合阀都限
o
制为 40 C
Irrigation
灌溉
Sub-surface automatic piping system
地下自动管道系统
Storm drainage
雨水排放
Separate system discharging into storm sewer,
combination sewer as per local situation.
独立系统排至暴风雨下水道，视当地情况联合下水道
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
Materials
材料
Domestic water: copper or stainless steel（PB/PP can
only be used on branches）. Pool, fountains, irrigation:
PVC. Stand-pipe, sprinklers, heating, cooling: BS.
Sewer: Cast iron or PVC (Insulated).
生 活 用 水 ： 铜 或 不 锈 钢 （ PB/PP 管 仅 适 用 于 支
管）。泳池、喷泉、灌溉：PVC。竖管、喷淋、采
暖、制冷：丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(BS)。下水道：
铸铁或 PVC 塑料（需绝缘的）
Sewage Treatment Plant
污水处理设备
As required and/or feasible for recycling.
根据要求以及/或可用于再循环
Bathrooms
浴室
Tub: 3.5 mm steel, white. Showerhead: adjustable
angle, 13 ltrs/min. Thermostatic blenders. Tap: 6
ltrs/min. Toilet: 6/3 ltrs dual flush.
浴盆：3.5 mm 的钢。喷淋头：角度可调整，13 升/
分钟。冷热水混合装置。龙头：6 升/分钟。马桶：
6/3 升双纽式抽水马桶
Gas & Fuel
煤气和燃料
As per local conditions-most feasible supply.
根据当地条件–采取最可行的供给
Swimming Pool
游泳池
Dedicated water treatment. Indoor pool heated to 28 oC.
o
特别的水处理。室内游泳池水温加热至 28 C。
PLUMBING
管道系统
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
7
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
ELECTRICAL
电气
Supply
供应
HV loop to air-cooled transformers load ratio no
greater than 80% of peak demand. High or low voltage
metering-as per local code & best tariff. Power factor
correction.
空气冷却式变压器的负载率不大于 80%。高压或低
压计量，根据当地法规和最佳费用。功率因数修正.
Emergency Power
紧急备用动力
Emergency generator for all life safety systems, lifts,
partial lighting, coldrooms, domestic & sump pumps &
specific other equipment. Fuel, enough for 48 hours.
UPS for all computer equipment.
用于所有的逃生系统、电梯、局部照明、冷库、生
活用水水泵和集水泵以及其他特殊设备的紧急发电
机。燃料足够 48 小时使用量。不间断电源用于所
有电脑设备.
Diesel generator shall be provided with the following
fuel tank capacity:
a. 8 hours capacity or one cubic meter of indoor fuel
tank whichever is suitable, plus
b. 24 hours of outdoor fuel tank where city power
interruption more than 8 hours, or
c. 48 hours of outdoor fuel tank where in a remote area.
A refill fuel port shall be convenience located for fuel
truck access
应急发电机应配置下列柴油容量：
1. 八小时或一立方米室内油箱；
2. 在停电超过 8 个小时的地方，需要外加 24 小时
室外油箱；
3. 在偏远的地方，需要外加不小于 48 小时的室外
油箱
所有以上情况都必须在室外合适的位置安装油罐车
连接口。
Distribution
配置
Sub-metering all major departments & equipment
辅助计量用于所有主要部门以及设备
Guest Rooms
客房
Distribution panel in each room with 5 circuits
每个房间配有 5 路电路的配电盘
Lighting
照明
As per interior designer, IC room & other standards.
Dimming for all public areas except corridors, rooms.
按照室内设计师、集成电路房以及其他标准。除了
走廊、房间以外其他公共区域均需调光
Audio-visual
视听设备
MATV & Sound systems for all rooms, specific public
areas. Pocket paging system.
每个房间和特别公共区域都配备主天线电视以及音
响系统。袖珍寻呼系统
Security
安保
CCTV, Hold-up & burglar alarm, Exit door monitoring
system.
闭路电视、拦截及防盗自动警铃、出口门监控系统
Communication & Data
Systems 通讯和数据系统
See separate standards
详见单独的标准
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
8
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
ELEVATORS
电梯
Guest Elevators
客梯
Adequate number to answer all calls within 30 – 40
seconds for 100% of waiting persons.
足够数量的电梯能在 30－40 秒内回应 100%等候人
群的电梯呼叫
Service Elevators
员工电梯或货梯
Minimum of two (2) units for hotels up to 200 rooms.
Refer to Facilities Area Summary.
200 间客房的酒店至少配备 2 部电梯。参阅设备区
域概要
Banquet
宴会
Firemen's lift
消防梯
Larger elevator to accommodate all guests within 30
minutes and transport exhibition goods (car etc).
大容量电梯以 30 分钟内满足所有客人的需要，并
且能够运送展会物品（车辆等）
As required by local code.
按照当地法规要求
Escalators
自动扶梯
As required by layout.
按照设计图纸要求
Suppression
控制
Fully sprinklered building, concealed quick response
type.
楼宇充分安装隐藏快速响应式喷淋装置
LIFE SAFETY
生命安全
2.5" fire hoses in high rise; low rise at discretion of
IHG
高层设有 2.5"的灭火水龙带，底层则根据洲际酒店
管理集团的决定
Fire extinguishers throughout
各区域都备有灭火器
Kitchen hood: Wet chemical ext. system
厨房排油烟罩：湿式化学灭火系统
Computer room: Pre-action dry sprinkler
电脑房：预动式干式灭火系统
Fire Detection & Alarm
火灾检测及警报
Fully addressable throughout the building. Class A
wiring.
在楼宇内全面定位。A 类配线
Dedicated supervised 3-channel voice alarm system for
high-rise. Can be utilized as sound system.
高层专用监管 3-频道声音警报系统。可用作音响系统
Interfaces with paging systems, BMS, smoke control
systems, elevator recall, other ext. sub-systems, door
hold-open devices
与寻呼系统、BMS（智能建筑自动化管理系统）、
烟雾控制系统、电梯召回及其他延伸子系统、保持
门开启装置接口
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
9
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
Guest rooms: Addressable smoke detector with integral
acoustic alarm
客房：可定位的集成声音警报烟雾探测器
Central Control Room
中心控制室
All high-rise
所有高楼层
Emergency Power
紧急备用动力
Generator for all life safety systems, lifts, telephone
system, lighting: 15% public area, 20% service areas,
100% stairs, exit signs, GM's apartment, doctor's
office, engineering office, generator & switchgear
rooms. Vestibule in each guestroom.
发电机用于所有救生系统、电梯、电话系统、照明
系统：15%公共区、20%服务区、100%楼梯区、出口
标志、总经理房间、医务室、工程部、发电机房和
开关设备房、客房门廊
Non-life safety: sump pumps, domestic water pumps,
refrigeration, computer systems
无救生系统：集水泵、生活用水水泵，冷藏系统、
电脑系统
Emergency Exit Signs
紧急出口标识
Battery back-up – 60 minutes
蓄电电池备用－60 分钟
Smoke Control
烟雾控制
Atrium exhaust
中心排放
Stair pressurization in high-rise.
高层楼梯增压
Guest rooms corridor smoke exhaust via ventilation
system- built to higher standard.
客房走廊烟雾通过通风系统排放–高标准建造
Smoke Doors
防烟门
Can be omitted in fully sprinklered building-unless req.
by local code.
全面配置喷淋的楼宇可以不装，除非当地法规要求
Fire Dampers
防火阀
All fire-rated walls. 2 hours and over.
安装于所有的防火墙。2 小时及以上
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
10
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
能源消耗监控
GENERAL
UTILITY
CONSUMPTION
一般消耗
Electricity
电力
Requirements 要求
Annual consumption shall not exceed per square meter
net area the following in climate zones: Moderate: 145,
Mediterranean: 155, Tropical: 200 KWh/sqm/year.
不同气候地区每平方米净面积年用电量不得超过：
温和气候地区：145；地中海地区：155；热带地
区：200 千瓦时/平方米/年
Peak
demand:
Moderate:
2.5
KW/room,
Mediterranean: 2.7 KW, Tropical: 3.5 KW.
最高需求量：温和气候地区：2.5 千瓦/房间；地中海
地区：2.7 千瓦/房间；热带地区：3.5 千瓦/房间
Energy (net calorific value
& net energy available at
boiler discharge)
能源（在锅炉排放时的低
热值和净能源可供值）
Annual consumption shall not exceed per square meter
net area the following in climate zones: Moderate: 180,
Mediterranean: 140, Tropical: 80 KWh/sqm/year.
不同气候地区每平方米净面积年能源消耗量不得超
过：温和气候地区：180；地中海地区：140；热带
地区：80 千瓦时/平方米/年
District heating peak demand: Moderate climate: 6
KW/room.
区域采暖最高需求量：温和气候地区：6 千瓦/房间
Water
水
Moderate: 560 ltrs/guest, Mediterranean: 600,
Tropical: 900.
温和气候地区：560 升/客人；地中海地区：600/客
人；热带地区：900/人
Air Conditioning
空调
K-factors for wall construction: 0.35; windows: 1.3.
温度 K 因子矫正：墙面建筑 0.35；窗 1.3
Least costly utility selection for chillers, boilers,
heating etc.
冷却器、锅炉、采暖等选择最低能耗的设备
Centrifugal chillers shall have an efficiency of <0. 63
KWh/ton, screw chillers shall have an efficiency of <0.
65 KWh/ton. boilers: 91%.
离心式制冷机效率应达到：<0.63KWh/ton，螺杆式
制冷机效率应达到<0.65KWh/ton：锅炉：91%
Air conditioning systems shall be variable air volume
空调应采用变风量系统
Thermal wheel heat recovery for all systems >10,000
cbm/hr. Indoor pool with latent heat recovery to heat
pool water.
所有系统的热轮热回收>10000 立方米/小时。室内
游泳池带有潜热回收进行游泳池水加热
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
11
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
Chilled water pumps, secondary heating pumps shall
be driven by variable frequency drive controlled
motors.
冷冻水泵、热水二次泵必须为变频控制。
Cooling water pumps shall preferably be driven by
variable frequency drive controlled motors.
冷却水系统优先考虑采用变速驱动.
District heating: air conditioning systems shall be
designed for maximum temp. spread, e.g. 70/50 oC, fan
coils 60/40oC. Hot water heating shall have pre-heating
via recovery from common return.
区域加热：空调系统适合最大温度散播，例如：
o
o
70/50 C，风机盘管 60/40 C。热水加热应当可以通
过公共回路回收进行预热
Building Automation system with detailed energy
control functions.
楼宇自动控制系统具备丰富的能源控制功能
Induced draft cooling towers with variable speed fans,
controlled from chiller for max. efficiency.
变风速强制通风式冷却塔，冷却器控制以达到最大
效率
Steam boilers to have heat recovery from flash steam
in return. Automatic pressure reduction when laundry
off, e.g. 10/2 bar.
蒸汽锅炉具备回收闪蒸蒸气热量。当洗衣停止时自
动减压，例如：10/2 巴
Cogeneration only where feasible & outside service
guaranteed.
只有在可行的且外部服务保证的情况下适用热电联产
PLUMBING
管道系统
Lower floors supplied w. direct street pressure.
低楼层配有直接地面压力
Domestic water pumps variable speed. Max. fixture
pressure 5 bar.
可变速生活用水水泵。最大固定压力 5 巴
Domestic water pumps variable speed. Max. fixture
pressure 5 bar.
可变速生活用水水泵。最大固定压力 5 巴
All toilets 6/3 ltrs dual flush.
所有的厕所 6/3 双钮冲洗式
All sink faucets in rooms, public areas, staff lockers 6
ltrs/min.
所有客房、公共区域、员工更衣室水槽龙头 6 升/分钟
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
12
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
Section 部分
System 系统
Requirements 要求
All showerheads in staff lockers 9 ltrs/min, guest
rooms 13 ltrs/min.
所有的员工更衣室的淋浴头需达到 9 升/分钟，客
房需达到 13 升/分钟
Sub-metering of all major departments
辅助计量用于所有主要部门
Automatic sub-surface irrigation with timers, humidity
sensors.
带定时器、湿度感应器的自动地下灌溉
Water treatment to all open systems to prevent scale
所有开放系统均需进行水处理防止结垢
Water lost to drain from filter backwash shall be
recovered for further treatment to reduce losses by
90%.
水软化处理反冲洗后排放的损失的水应回收做进一
步的处理以降低水的损失至 90%
Laundry: Washing machines w. recovery or tunnel
washers.
洗衣房：洗衣机带废水回收或者管道清洗机
ELECTRICAL
电气
Cheapest electricity tariff. Power factor correction.
最便宜的电费。动力因数修正
Peak demand control via BMS, where applicable
在适用的地方通过 BMS（智能建筑自动化管理系
统）控制最高需求负荷
Lighting: Efficient compact fluorescent in all public
areas, unless decorative effect restricts use.
照明：除了因装饰效果规定使用，所有公共区域应
安装高效紧凑型荧光灯
All corridor lighting to shut off via timers or motion
detectors. Exception: Emergency Exit Signs.
除了紧急出口标志之外的所有走廊照明通过定时器
或动态感测器控制关闭
Motion detectors for public toilets, luggage room, staff
lockers, cafeteria, banquet rooms
公共盥洗室、行李房、员工更衣室、自助餐厅、宴
会厅等地方安装动态感测器
Exterior lighting shall be sodium vapor controlled by
timer/fotocell
外部照明应采用定时器或光电池控制的钠汽灯
Lobby areas adjacent to windows shall have automatic
daylight compensation.
大堂靠近窗户区域应该采用自动日光补偿控制
Sub-metering of all major departments & equipment
所有主要部门以及设备配以辅助计量
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
13
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
1.2
1.2.1
COMMON OMISSIONS AND PROBLEMS 常见的疏忽以及问题
FIRE LIFE SAFETY 消防生命安全
1.
Sprinklers are to be provided in all plantrooms.
所有机房都必须安装喷淋头
2.
All fire rated doors must be certified as to their rating.
所有的防火门都必须经过鉴定确定它们的防火级别
3.
Fire dampers must be installed where air ducts penetrate 2-hr fire rated walls and floor and
must be fitted at the wall floor penetration.
防火阀必须安装于风管渗透级别为 2 小时的防火墙及防火地板，同时必须安装于穿越墙
体或楼板处
4.
Dead end corridors must be maximum 15m in length in existing and new constructions.
现有建筑及新建筑中，袋形走道长度不可超过 15 米
5.
Egress corridors must be minimum 1200mm in width.
出口通道的最小宽度必须不小于 1200 毫米
6.
Exit doors must be minimum 900mm wide.
出口门的最小宽度必须不小于 900 毫米
7.
Fire Stairs must exit at ground level to an area outside the building.
逃生楼梯的出口必须在一楼并通往建筑外的空间
8.
Smoke detectors are required in all areas, including store rooms, pantries and at the top of all
fire stairs.
所有区域都要求安装烟雾探测器，包括仓库、备餐间以及所有消防楼梯的顶端
9.
Smoke detectors to be spaced at 9-10m between adjacent detectors or 1 detector per 85m².
两个相邻的烟雾探测器之间应保留 9-10 米距离，或每 85 平方米安装一个烟雾探测器
10.
25 detectors maximum per zone, all must be addressable.
每个区域最多安装 25 个烟雾探测器，必须是是可定位的探测器
11.
All fire pumps and jockey pumps must have status displayed at fire control room for running,
fault and auto mode.
所有的消防泵和辅助泵必须在火灾控制室显示运转、错误以及自动模式的状态
12.
Guestroom detectors must have a built-in buzzer or audible base.
客房的烟雾探测器必须具备内置式蜂鸣器或音响系统
13.
Common problems with detector locations include: too low from ceiling, too close to supply air
grill, placed in nuisance areas.
常见的探测器安装位置问题包括：天花板过低、太靠近送风格栅、安装在无线电接收干
扰区
14.
All wiring to smoke detectors, heat detectors, speakers must be class A.
所有的烟雾探测器、热量探测器、扬声器必须采用 A 类配线
15.
Evacuation speakers are required in all areas, including public toilets, staff areas, back of the
house offices, boilers rooms, chiller rooms, switchgear rooms, Genset rooms, stores and
elevators.
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
14
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
所有区域必须安装紧急疏散喇叭，包括公共盥洗室、员工区域、后勤办公室、锅炉房、
冷冻机房、配电房、发电机房、仓库以及电梯
16.
Horn type speakers with strobes to be used where ambient noise level is high.
在环境噪音指数较高的地方使用带频闪观测器的角状扬声器
17.
Evacuation speakers to have fire proof back box.
疏散扬声器需配有防火盒
18.
Guestroom sidewall sprinklers to be extended coverage type, quick response.
客房侧墙采用延伸覆盖、快速反应式的喷淋头
19.
Sprinklers are required in bathrooms exceeding 5sqm.
面积超过 5 平方米的浴室要求安装喷淋装置
20.
Test drain to be provided after each flow switch in sprinkler pipework at convenient location.
喷淋装置管道系统里的每个流量开关后适宜的位置安装测试排水管
21.
Combustible ceiling voids over 800mm to have upper layer of sprinklers.
易燃的天花板上空超过 800 毫米需配备高层上喷淋装置
22.
Piping to be hydrostatically tested at not less than 13.8 bars or 3.8 bar in addition to highest
system pressure when system working pressure is 10 bars. (Not to exceed 12 bars)
管道系统应在不低于 13.8 巴的压强下进行流体静水压力测试，或在系统工作压力为 10
巴的最高系统压力以外增加 3.8 巴进行测试（不超过 12 巴）
23.
Fire water reserve should be sufficient for one hour full operation.
消防水储备应该足够一小时的充分工作
24.
Side wall sprinkler is often mounted too low from ceiling (150-300mm maximum).
侧墙喷淋安装位置距离天花板过低（最大距离为 150 毫米–300 毫米）
25.
Jockey pump oversized resulting in main sprinkler pump not operating when a sprinkler is
activated.
过大的管道补压泵导致喷淋装置被激活时主喷淋泵不工作
26.
Hose reels are to be located externally of the fire escape stairs.
消防水龙带放置在消防逃生梯外部
27.
Adjustable fog nozzles are required on hose reels.
消防水龙带上要求安装可调节的喷雾嘴
28.
Computer room to be protected with wet sprinklers.
电脑房要求安装喷淋装置予以保护
29.
Sprinkler isolation construction valves left in system. All valves must be removed or have
tamper proof alarm fitted.
置留在系统中的喷淋装置隔离建筑阀。所有阀门都必须被隔离，否则必须安装防外力入
侵保护警报
30.
Dry pendant sprinkler heads are required in freezers and cool rooms.
冷冻室和冷藏室必须安装干式悬吊喷淋头
31.
Guestroom evacuation speakers must be audible at 72db at the bed head.
客房的紧急疏散喇叭必须安装在床头并达到 72 分贝
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
15
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
1.2.2
MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING 机械、电气和管道系统
1.
Space not sufficient to access and remove AHU filters.
没有足够的空间用以检测或移动空气处理机组过滤器
2.
Plantrooms with refrigerants must have a refrigerant leakage alarm connected to exhaust
system.
有制冷剂的机房必须安装与排气系统相连接的制冷剂泄漏警报
3.
Uninterrupted power supply system required for computers and PABX system.
电脑设备以及专用自动交换分机系统要配备不间断供电系统
4.
Plumbing pipes shall not be placed in computer rooms ceilings.
电脑房的天花板内不得安装水管装置
5.
Water taps shall be provided to external building areas.
提供水龙头供外部建筑区域使用
6.
Kitchen hoods and exhaust duct work to have cleaning access panels and be accessible at every
second floor to roof outlet.
厨房排油烟罩和排气管须有清洁检修面板并且每隔一层可通往顶楼出口
7.
Dimming systems must have spike, surge and voltage regulators to prevent damage to
equipment.
调光系统必须具备电涌（电流，电压）峰值和电压调节器以保护设备不受损害
8.
Boiler exhaust stack waste heat to be used to preheat swimming pool water.
锅炉排气烟囱的废热可以用于游泳池水的预热
9.
Vibration elimination to be provided on all pumpsets.
所有的泵站都具有抑制振动功能
10.
Guestroom fan coil unit to be rated at maximum 32dB on medium speed measured at the
bedhead.
在客房床头位置测试风机盘管机组中速运转时最大噪音值不超过 32 分贝
11.
Elevator lobbies to be provided with air-conditioning.
电梯厅配备空气调节装置
12.
Kitchen and laundry to have spot cooling at 24°C and residual temperature in room not to
exceed 28°C.
厨房和洗衣房的局部冷却（现场冷却）为 24°C 并且室内余温不超过 28°C
13.
Steam boilers and piping to allow for nightly shut-off without having to prime or drain system.
在不影响（或关闭）主系统或排水系统情况下允许夜间时关闭蒸汽锅炉以及管道系统
14.
Fresh air to be ducted to each guestroom.
新风通过管道输送到每间客房
15.
Return air from AHU’s to be ducted back to unit – ceiling plenum return is not acceptable.
空气处理器的回风通过管道输送回机组 – 天花板分风箱系统是不可取的
16.
Guestroom fan coil to revert automatically to low speed and a preset temperature of 23°C in
summer and 21°C in winter upon removal of energy saving card.
移除能源节省卡时客房风机盘管预设为夏季 23°C 以及冬季 21°C 时自动转为低速运转
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
17.
Energy peak demand to be included in Building Automation System as an alarm and control
point.
楼宇自动化系统中应包括能源最高负荷警报及控制点
18.
CFCs and HCFCs are not to be used in any equipment.
任何设备都不得使用 CFCs 以及 HCFCs（氟氯化碳以及含氢氯氟烃化合物）
19.
Distance between outdoor air and exhaust air on roof to be adequate distance apart to prevent
short circuits of air.
屋顶的室外空气和排气之间必须保持足够的间距以防止空气的循环不足
20.
Elevator door width must be 1100mm wide minimum.
电梯门的最小宽度不得小于 1100 毫米
21.
Low level exit signs to be installed in corridors and all exit signs to be illuminated and 2
directional exit signs must be visible from any location.
低楼层必须采用发光出口标志并且安装在走廊里，双向出口指示标志必须安装在明显可
见的位置
22.
Four pipe air-conditioning system to be used in guestrooms and public areas.
客房和公共区域使用 4 管制空调系统
23.
Fan coil unit chilled water valve to shut off when balcony door is open.
当阳台门处于开启状态时，关闭风机盘管机组的冷却水阀
24.
Water consumption sub meters to be installed in kitchens, laundries and major plantrooms.
厨房、洗衣房以及主要的设备房安装分水表
25.
Hotwater dead legs reduced to maintain immediate hot water supply to guestrooms.
减少热水盲管（闲置的水管）以维持客房即热热水的供应
26.
Water hammer arrestors must be installed throughout potable water system.
必须在整个饮用水系统上安装水锤吸收器
27.
Use correct waste pipe material to minimize noise in duct shafts and acoustically treat below
slab.
使用适合的排污管材料将管道竖井的噪音降至最低程度以及层板隔音
28.
Fan coil unit drain to be 25mm dia and properly insulated and sloped to remove water.
风机盘管采用管径为 25 毫米、完全绝缘的排水管，并且倾斜放置以排放废水
Floor wastes in bathrooms to have shower and bath enter above trap to keep trap primed.
浴室淋浴的洒溅废水进入 U 形管存水弯以维持 U 形管通畅
29.
30.
PVC pipe use is limited to the back of the house installations and properly acoustically treated.
PVC 管道仅限在后勤区使用并要求完全隔音
31.
Provide isolation valves in all pipe work, marked and accessible locations.
在所有的管道工程上安装隔离阀并明确标注，并且安装位置须方便
32.
Provide electrical isolation switches at each motor for pump sets and fans.
在所有泵装置和风机装置的马达上安装电子绝缘开关
33.
Ensure enough room is allocated to remove boiler and chiller tubes.
确保留有足够的空间用来移动锅炉以及冷却器管道
34.
All pipe work to be colour painted as per IHG standards and directional arrows included.
依据洲际酒店集团标准，所有的管道必须喷涂颜色并且标明方向指示箭头
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
35.
Provide fresh air requirements based on ASHRAE standards.
根据“美国采暖，制冷与空调工程学会”的标准，要求提供新风
36.
Computer room to be air-conditioned via its own split system.
电脑房的空调提供独立的分体系统
37.
All front of the house light switches to be located in groups in the back of the house adjacent
areas, this includes public toilets and bathrooms. Switches to be located in areas with minimal
staff flow.
所有前台区的照明开关以群组形式安装在邻近的后勤区域，包括公共盥洗室及卫生间。
安装开关的区域要求尽量少的员工进出
38.
Earth leakage circuit breakers to be installed in all wet areas, kitchen, laundries and guestrooms.
30mA in 30ms.
所有潮湿区域如厨房、洗衣房以及客房都要求安装接地漏电断路器，30 米 30 毫安
39.
Telephone to be located in guestroom bathroom, while volume control for TV is optional (it is
required by Chinese 5 star hotel rating). Where installed, voice asynchronous situation between
TV and washroom speaker shall be avoided
客房浴室安装电话，浴室的电视机伴音是可选项（按中国五星级酒店标准要求设置），
如果安装，需要避免卫生间的伴音和客房电视之间声音不同步。
40.
Power factor correction equipment is required to 0.95.
功率因素修正器要求设定在 0.95。
41.
Two separate from independent ring mains are required to supply the hotel, though two
independent transformers and bus tied (interlocked) at the supply side of the hotel’s main
switch.
酒店要求独立环形电路的两个分体的供电，尽管在酒店主开关的供电侧两个独立的变压
器以及总线限制（互锁）
42.
Cat 6 cable to be used for all horizontal running communications and data cable and vertical
runs to be fiber-optic cable.
所有水平连续通讯使用 6 类通信电缆，数据电缆和垂直敷设使用光纤电缆
43.
CO sensors to be used to cycle car park exhaust fans.
环绕停车场的排风扇使用一氧化碳传感器
44.
VSD’s to be fitted to all pump sets where frequency variations are acceptable and conform to
design.
允许频率变化的所有泵站设备都须安装变频驱动器，并遵从设计
45.
Connect all kitchen coolroom and freezer alarms to BMS.
所有的厨房冷藏室和冷冻房的警报器与智能楼宇自动化管理系统连接
46.
Ensure adequate ventilation is allowed to guest room minibars.
确保客房的迷你吧冰箱有足够的通风
47.
Telephone to be provided in all guest lift lobbies (table mounted) and all service lift lobbies
(wall mounted).
所有的客梯厅都须提供桌上型电话，货梯安装壁挂式电话
48.
Provide emergency telephones at health club, gym, pool and spas.
健身房、器械房、游泳池以及水疗提供紧急电话
49.
Provide wall mounted telephones in all plantrooms.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 1 – SUMMARY
所有的设备房提供壁挂式电话
50.
Boilers and pressure vessels to be fully automated with double safety features for unattended
operation.
无人操作模式下，锅炉以及压力容器的完全自动化操作模式必须配有双保险系统
51.
Fire damper required in guestroom exhausts to shaft exhaust riser in 2-hr construction.
客房排气至排气竖井需配备 2 小时防火阀
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19
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2) HEATING, VENTILATION
AND AIR CONDITIONING
暖通空调
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1
AIR CONDITIONING 空气调节装置（空调）......................................................................... 24
2.1.1
2.1.1.1
2.1.1.2
2.1.1.3
2.1.1.4
2.1.1.5
2.1.1.6
2.1.1.7
2.1.1.8
2.1.1.9
2.1.2
2.1.2.1
2.1.2.2
2.1.2.3
2.1.2.4
2.1.2.5
2.1.3
2.1.3.1
2.1.3.2
2.1.3.3
2.1.3.4
2.1.3.5
2.1.3.6
2.1.3.7
2.1.3.8
2.1.3.10
2.1.3.11
2.1.3.12
2.1.4
2.1.4.1
2.1.4.2
2.1.4.3
2.1.4.4
2.1.4.5
2.1.4.6
2.1.5
2.1.5.1
2.1.5.2
2.1.5.3
2.1.5.4
2.1.5.5
2.1.5.6
2.1.5.7
2.1.5.8
2.1.5.9
2.1.5.10
2.1.5.11
2.1.5.12
2.1.6
2.1.6.1
GENERAL 综述 ....................................................................................................... 24
Objectives 目的 ................................................................................................................ 24
System Type Selection 系统类型的选择 ........................................................................ 24
Energy Efficiency 节能效率 ............................................................................................ 25
Design Criteria 设计标准 ................................................................................................ 26
Heating & Cooling Loads 供暖和制冷负荷 .................................................................... 26
Zoning 分区 ..................................................................................................................... 27
Acoustic performance 噪声性能 ...................................................................................... 28
Design Criteria 设计标准 ................................................................................................ 29
Ventilation Requirements 通风要求 ................................................................................ 31
CHILLED WATER GENERATION 冷冻水的产生 ............................................... 33
General 概要 .................................................................................................................... 33
Design Criteria 设计标准 ................................................................................................ 33
Refrigerants 冷媒 ............................................................................................................. 34
Efficiency 效率 ................................................................................................................ 34
Equipment 设备 ............................................................................................................... 34
HEATING 供热 ........................................................................................................ 36
General 概要 .................................................................................................................... 36
Design Criteria 设计标准 ................................................................................................ 36
Load calculations 负荷计算 ............................................................................................. 36
Hot Water Boilers 热水锅炉 ............................................................................................ 36
Steam Boilers 蒸汽锅炉 .................................................................................................. 37
Steam Pressures 蒸汽压力 ............................................................................................... 37
Pipework Design Criteria 管道设计标准 ........................................................................ 37
Equipment 设备 ............................................................................................................... 37
Fuel Selection 燃料选择 .................................................................................................. 38
Fuel Storage 燃料储藏..................................................................................................... 38
Boiler Stacks 锅炉烟囱.................................................................................................... 38
SPECIFICATION AND APPLICATION GUIDE 技术规和合应用指导 .............. 39
General Supply & Extract. Reference is made to separate section 2.2 总供给和排放参考 2.2 节 39
Fan Coil Units 风机盘管设备.......................................................................................... 39
Convector Heating 对流式加热器加热 ........................................................................... 40
Bathroom Heating 浴室供暖 ........................................................................................... 40
Thermostats 温控器 ......................................................................................................... 40
Air Supply, Return and Exhaust Systems 空气的供应、回收和排放系统 .................... 40
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................... 40
Benchmarks 基准点 ......................................................................................................... 40
Fancoils 风机盘管 ........................................................................................................... 41
Variable Frequency Drives 变频驱动 .............................................................................. 41
Building Management Systems 楼宇管理系统 ............................................................... 42
Heat Recovery 热量回收 ................................................................................................. 42
Alternative Energy Sources 替代能源 ............................................................................. 44
Chilled Water Storage 蓄冷系统 ..................................................................................... 44
Evaporative Cooling 蒸发冷却 ........................................................................................ 44
Economiser 节热器 .......................................................................................................... 44
Commissioning 试运行.................................................................................................... 44
Chillers 制冷机 ................................................................................................................ 45
Cooling Towers 冷却塔 ................................................................................................... 45
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试.................................................... 46
General 概要 .................................................................................................................... 46
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Water Distribution Systems 水分配系统 ......................................................................... 46
VAV Systems 变风量系统 .............................................................................................. 47
Building and Energy Management Systems 楼宇和能源管理系统 ................................ 47
2.1.6.2
2.1.6.3
2.1.6.4
2.2
GENERAL SUPPLY & EXTRACT 一般供风及排风 ............................................................... 50
2.2.1
GENERAL 综述 ....................................................................................................... 50
2.2.2
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ................................................................................ 50
Duct Design Criteria 风管设计标准 ................................................................................ 50
2.2.2.1
2.2.3
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ............................ 50
2.2.3.1.
2.2.3.2.
2.2.3.3.
2.2.3.4.
2.2.3.5.
2.2.3.6.
2.2.3.7.
2.2.3.8.
2.2.3.9.
2.2.3.10.
2.2.3.11.
2.2.3.12.
2.2.3.13.
2.2.3.14.
2.2.3.15.
2.2.3.16.
2.2.3.17.
2.2.3.18.
2.2.3.19.
Air Handling Units 风量调节单元 .................................................................................. 50
Fan Assisted Variable Air Volume Units 风机协助的可变风量单元 ............................. 51
Variable and Constant Volume Boxes 可变量箱和定量箱 ............................................... 53
Packaged Self Contained Air Condition Units 成套的自主空调单元 ............................. 54
Reverse Cycle Water Source Heat Pumps 逆流水源热泵 ............................................... 56
Split Cooling Systems/Variable Refrigerant Volume 分体式冷却系统/可变冷凝剂量 . 57
Centrifugal Fans 离心风机 .............................................................................................. 59
Axial Fans 轴流风机 ....................................................................................................... 60
Bifurcated Fans 分流风机................................................................................................ 60
Toilet Extract Fan Sets – Public Areas 厕所排风机组-公共区域 ................................... 61
Systems 系统 ................................................................................................................... 61
Life Safety Systems 救生系统 ......................................................................................... 63
Ductwork 管道工程 ......................................................................................................... 66
Access Doors 作业口 ....................................................................................................... 66
Dampers 风阀 .................................................................................................................. 66
Flexible Connections 软接头 ........................................................................................... 67
Grilles, Registers and Diffusers 格栅、登记板和扩散器 ............................................... 67
Acoustic Treatment 噪音处理 ......................................................................................... 67
Hangers/Supports 吊架和支架 ........................................................................................ 67
2.2.4
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环保和节能 ........................... 68
2.2.5
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和调试.................................................... 68
2.2.6
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 ..................................................... 69
2.2.7
SPARE PARTS 备件 ................................................................................................ 69
2.3
BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM / BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM 楼宇管理系统/
楼宇自动化系统 ........................................................................................................................................... 71
2.3.1.
GENERAL 综述 ....................................................................................................... 71
2.3.2.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ............................ 71
2.3.2.1.
2.3.2.2.
2.3.2.3.
2.3.2.4.
2.3.2.5.
2.3.2.6.
2.3.3.
General 综述 .................................................................................................................... 71
BMS Equipment 楼宇管理系统设备 .............................................................................. 73
Temperature Control Devices 温度控制设施 .................................................................. 79
Electrical Wiring and Materials 电气布线和材料 ........................................................... 82
System Control Type 系统控制类型 ............................................................................... 85
Point Matrix 点阵............................................................................................................. 91
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和调试.................................................... 93
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.3.4.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 .................................................... 93
2.3.5.
APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 获准的制造商................................................. 93
ACOUSTICS 声学 ........................................................................................................................ 94
2.4
2.4.1
GENERAL 一般规定 ............................................................................................... 94
2.4.2
SOUND BARRIER AND CONSTRUCTIONS 声音屏障和构造 .......................... 94
2.4.3
MECHANICAL INSTALLATION GENERAL 机械装备概要 .............................. 96
2.4.4
GRIL(Rev. 2015-01)LES, REGISTERS, DIFFUSERS AND FAN COIL UNITS 格栅，百叶型风
口，散流器和风机盘管装置 ................................................................................... 97
2.4.5
ACOUSTICAL TREATMENT OF DUCT SYSTEMS 管道系统的隔声处理 ....... 97
2.4.6
EQUIVALENT ISOLATION SYSTEMS 等效隔音系统 ....................................... 98
2.4.7
FOUNDATIONS AND VIBRATIONS ISOLATION 基础和隔振......................... 98
2.4.8
WATER NOISE CONTROL 水噪声的控制 ........................................................... 99
2.4.9
STEAM PIPING SIZING 蒸汽管道系统尺寸的确定........................................... 100
2.4.10
DUCTWORK SIZING 风管系统尺寸的确定 ....................................................... 100
2.5
TECHNICAL DETAILS 技术细则........................................................................ 101
2.5.1
VIBRATION ISOLATION 隔振 ........................................................................... 101
2.5.2
THERMAL INSULATION AND PIPE IDENTIFICATION 隔热和管道判别 .... 101
2.5.2.1.
2.5.2.2.
2.5.2.3.
2.5.2.4.
2.5.2.5.
2.5.2.6.
2.5.2.7.
2.5.2.8.
制的）
2.5.2.9.
General Workmanship 总的工作质量 ........................................................................... 101
Fire & Smoke Hazard Rating 火灾及烟雾的危险级别 ................................................. 102
Fire Protection Cladding 防火覆盖物 ............................................................................ 102
Pipework/ductwork Insulation 管道/风管的隔热 .......................................................... 103
Equipment Insulation 设备的隔热................................................................................. 104
Protection Against Weather Exposure 针对露天暴露的保护 ....................................... 105
Pipework Identification 管道系统的判别 ..................................................................... 106
Schedule of Piped Services Identification Colours (MANDATORY) 管道服务对象判别颜色的安排（强
107
Colours To Be Used 待使用的颜色 .............................................................................. 107
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1
AIR CONDITIONING 空气调节装置（空调）
2.1.1
GENERAL 综述
2.1.1.1 Objectives 目的
The objective of air conditioning is to provide comfort to all areas of the hotel for guests as well as
employees in a cost-effective manner. Temperatures and Indoor Air Quality shall be maintained in
accordance with parameters as specified in this section.
酒店空调系统设计的主要目的是为了要在酒店所有地区内，安装最经济合算的空调系统，提供
酒店内的所有客人及酒店工作人员有一个舒适环境。设计温度和室内空气质量应保持在本节规
定的参数范围内。
Guest Rooms 客房
The system shall be capable to satisfy guest’s desired comfort level in the range from 20ºC to 25ºC.
During occupancy the selected temperature shall be constantly maintained 24 hours/ day at any time of
the year - irrespective of external temperature variations. Humidity shall be controlled within a range of
40% up to 65% (tropical) via primary air systems. Fan coils in rooms shall only be required to remove
sensible heat.
空调系统设计应能满足客人一般所期望的舒适温度（20℃至 25℃）。当酒店客人入住期间，不
管室外温度如何变化，空调设计都能在全年昼夜，保持此舒适空调温度。至于室内空气湿度，
应通过中央新风系统的调节，将湿度保持在 40%到 65%（热带地区）范围内。因客房内的客
人，及其他因素所产生的显热，都是经过客房内的风机盘管来调节。
2.1.1.2 System Type Selection 系统类型的选择
There are many factors that affect the choice of air conditioning systems. The design engineer should
make an analysis of all relevant details and ascertain an appropriate solution.
有很多因素影响空调系统的选择。设计工程师应当分析所有的有关细节并且确定适当的方案。
The design engineers shall utilize calculation procedures established by China Codes and/or ASHRAE
and/or CIBSE for determining heating and cooling plant capacities.
设计师应使用中国或 ASHRAE 或 CIBSE 认可的负荷计算软件来计算供冷和供暖机组的容量。
Life cycle cost evaluations shall be made for the central plant. In general, all system selections shall be
based on sound engineering principles and a comparison made between reasonable capital and operating
and maintenance costs.
设计师应对整个中央空调系统机组的运营寿命周期及成本分析。一个系统的选定应当根据明确
的工程原则，同时需要对设备投资和运行费用、维护费用进行比较分析。
1.
Building Automation System （BAS） 楼宇自控系统
The entire air-conditioning plant shall be controlled and supervised by this system as detailed in
section 2.3.
全部空调系统及机组应当采用楼宇自控系统来操作和监视，详情参考 2.3 节。
2.
Guest rooms 客房
In order to provide required indoor air environment unaffected by interference of building
orientation and broad daily temperature fluctuation, the preferred system is 4-pipe fan coils located
in the ceiling void of the room entrance. 2-pipe system is satisfactory for locations with no heating
requirements. Electrical heat is not permitted. Primary air of 100 cbm/hr shall be introduced into
every room (module) & exhausted via the bathroom (90cbm/hr).
为了在过度季温差大时客房可以按需提供采暖或空调，客房入口吊顶内的风机盘管应考虑四
管制。两管制系统仅适用于冬季无需采暖的地方，不允许使用电加热系统。每个标准房需经
过中央送新风系统提供每小时 100 立米的新风量，同时通过中央排风系统，由浴室吊顶排出
每小时 90 立米的风量。
Additional convector heating may be required in front of large windows.
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
若客房对外立面有大玻璃窗的设计，窗前可考虑加装对流散热器。
Bathrooms located adjacent an exterior wall require radiator heating. Interior bathrooms do not. In
moderate climate zones heated towel racks shall be provided, connected to the heating circuit of the
4-pipe system. Where economically feasible they may be electrically heated.
若客房浴室布置靠近外墙，此浴室需要加散热器。不靠近窗的室内浴室则不需要此采暖。在
温带气候地区，客房浴室应配有靠 4 管式系统的热源来加热毛巾架。若用电是比较经济，也
可以采用电加热毛巾架
3.
Public and service areas 客人公众区和服务区
The preferred systems for public areas such as banquet and meeting facilities, restaurants, and
lobby areas are variable air volume (VAV). All other systems should be low pressure constant
volume with variable speed motors except for systems’ motor power lower than 5HP(4kW).
对于客人公共区如宴会厅、会议厅、餐厅和大堂等，空调系统的设计最好是采用能因室内温
度的要求而自动变风量的空调系统（英文：VAV 系统）。其他地区可采用中压定风量空调
系统。但当送风量若超过每小时 3,000 立米时，应采用双速马达风机送风。
Additional convector heating may be required in front of large windows whenever the calculated
winter heat transmission of the room exceeds 450W or 650W where double glazing is provided.
在有大玻璃窗设计的客房里，若通过大玻璃窗的热损失超过 450W，或 650W（双层玻璃窗
设计），为了保持室内温度，窗前需加采暖片。
4.
Computer rooms, Telephone Operator office, and Elevator plant rooms
电脑房、电话室和电梯机房
Independent self-contained units.
应采用独立空调系统。
5.
Shops, departmental offices 商店、商场
Individual fancoils in addition to minimum fresh air & exhaust.
应采用独立的风机盘管空调加最小新风和排风系统。
6.
Laundry and kitchens 洗衣房和厨房
100% outside air. Spot cooling required to 24ºC over all workstations.
应采用全室外新风系统。为了降温，所有员工工作岗位应设岗位送风（送风温度 24℃）。
2.1.1.3 Energy Efficiency 节能效率
General 概要
Air conditioning systems may consume between 30% (moderate climate) up to 50% (tropical) of the
hotel’s total energy costs. All systems shall be designed in an energy efficient manner. Reference is
made to detailed guidance in section 2.1.6.
酒店的空调系统可能要消耗酒店总能耗的 30%（温和气候）到 50%（热带气候）。全部系统都
应当按节能型设计。详细的参考资料见 2.1.6。
Systems with high air volumes above 10,000 cbm/hr shall have heat recovery, where economically
feasible. The thermal wheel is the preferred method of heat recovery for guest room fresh air/ exhaust,
lobby areas, ballrooms, i.e. areas with long operating hours. Where exhaust and supply are remote from
each other run-around coils can be used. The total efficiency of heat recovery system should not be
lower than 70%. Indoor pool systems shall recover latent energy, irrespective of their volume.
高于每小时 10，000 立米风量的系统，只要经济可行，都应当实行热量回收。客房和长时间工
作的大堂、宴会厅等地方的换气，用热回收转轮最为合适。供、排气分开的地方可采用回流盘
管。全热回收效率不能低于 70%。室内游泳池系统必须回收潜热，不管多少。
Note: No air-side heat recovery for kitchen and laundry systems due to grease and lint built-up.
注：由于有油烟和絮状物，厨房和洗衣房的空调系统不必回收热量。
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Benchmarks 基准点
Total annual electricity consumption shall not exceed the following values:
全年总耗电量不得超过以下数值：
Electricity consumption shall not exceed (note: hotels with electric chillers)
耗电量不得超过（注：酒店有电动制冷机）
Moderate climate zone: 145 KWh/sqm/year
温带区 145 千瓦时/平米/全年
Mediterranean climate:
155 KWh/sqm/year
地中海区 155 千瓦时/平米/全年
Tropical climate:
200 KWh/sqm/year
热带区 200 千瓦时/平米/全年
Total annual net energy consumption shall not exceed:
总一年净耗电量不得超过：
Total energy consumption shall not exceed (note: laundry included. W/o: deduct 25%)
总耗电量不得超过（注：此数包括洗衣间，无洗衣间扣除 25%）
Moderate climate zone: 180 KWh/sqm/year. (without laundry: 135 KWh/sqm/yr)
温带区 180 千瓦时/平米/全年（无洗衣间 135 千瓦时/平米/全年）
Mediterranean climate:
140 KWh/sqm/year
地中海区 140 千瓦时/平米/全年
Tropical climate:
80 KWh/sqm/year
热带区 80 千瓦时/平米/全年
Note: see detailed section 2.1.6
注：详细见 2.1.6
2.1.1.4 Design Criteria 设计标准
Outside conditions: 外部条件
The summer air conditioning design outside conditions shall be based on historical average outdoor
temperature with 50 hours none guarantee of dry bulb temperature. The summer air conditioning design
outdoor wet bulb temperature should be based on historical average with 50 hours none guarantee.
夏季空调室外计算温度应采用历年平均不保证 50 小时的干球温度。夏季空调室外相对计算相对
湿度应采用历年平均不保证 50 小时的湿球温度。
The winter air conditioning design outside conditions shall be based on historical daily average outdoor
temperature with 24 hours none guarantee. The outdoor relative humidity should be based historically
lowest month average relative humidity.
冬季空调室外计算温度应采用历年平均不保证 24 小时的日平均温度。冬季空调室外相对计算相
对湿度应采用累年最冷月平均相对湿度。
2.1.1.5 Heating & Cooling Loads 供暖和制冷负荷
1.
2.
The full cooling loads shall be included for individual spaces. Diversity: The grand total calculated
cooling load can be reduced by 20% for guest rooms and 25% for all other areas to obtain the
simultaneous load.
总制冷负荷应当包括各单个空间。差异：对于客房，总制冷负荷可以减少 20%，而对其他地
方可以减少 25%以求得即时负荷。
The central chiller plant shall not be required to operate during the heating season. When ambient
temperature falls below 14oC free cooling shall be used by supplying up to 100% outside air. Any
interior spaces requiring additional cooling shall have independent cooling units or be fed via an
conomizer directly from the cooling tower, where feasible.
在供暖季节，中央制冷机房应当停止工作。当室外环境温度低于 14oC 时应采用自然冷却即
利用户外空气（直到 100%的利用）。可行时，任何内部空间需要进一步冷却时应当通过独
立的冷却装置或者通过与冷却塔直接热交换的经济器。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
3.
The following guidelines shall be used to determine people load:
下列是适用于决定人员负荷的指南：
Ballroom and function rooms: 1.2sqm/persons
宴会厅及功能厅：
1.2 平米/每人
Pre-function foyer:
1 sqm/ person
集合前厅：
1 平米/每人
Restaurants/ Bar:
1.4 sqm/ person
餐厅/酒吧:
1.4 平米/每人
Disco/Assembly:
0.65 sqm/ person
迪士高/集合点：
0.65 平米/每人
Lobby:
5 sqm/ person
大堂:
5 平米/每人
Guest Rooms:
2 persons/ standard room module
客房:
2 人/每标房（定额）
Suites:
6 persons/ standard room module
套间:
6 人/每标房（定额）
4.
Ballroom and Conference Rooms:
宴会厅和会议室:
Lighting load calculations shall include the most demanding lighting set up of multiple use systems.
They shall include spotlights for fashion shows and exhibitions, which are the most demanding
loads.
照明负荷的计算应当包括多种用途的最大照明需要。应当包括时装表演和展览所需的射灯，
因为这里有最大的照明需要。
5.
Guest Rooms:
客房：
Fancoils shall satisfy full load at speed II of III (summer:22 oC, winter:24oC). This will allow for
quick cool-down or heat-up after unoccupied periods and lower/higher temperatures than designed
for. Suites shall have central thermostatic controls for combined room modules.
Presidential and other large special suites shall include cooling loads for additional food &
beverage and audio-visual equipment, not normally supplied in typical rooms. At speed II, dB level
shall not exceed 35db(A).
风机盘管系统应在 II 档时满足总负荷(调速控制共有 III 档)（夏季：22oC,冬季：24oC）。这
样，在长期无客人入住后及房间温度低于/高于设计温度时，客房能迅速制冷或制热。套间
应采用中央型温控器可结合不同房间需求控制。总统间和其他大型特殊套间还应包括由于食
物、饮料、视听装置所需增加的制冷负荷，这些在其他典型的房间通常是不提供的。在 II 速
运转时噪音不得超过 35 分贝。
Winter humidification is not a requirement for most installations. However in areas where the ambient
relative humidity levels are consistently below 40%, humidification should be provided for guest rooms
via primary air systems and any other areas as approved by IHG.
对多数装置来说不需要冬季增湿。然而当周边相对湿度持续低于 40%的区域应当通过新风系统向
客房增湿。其他区域需经 IHG 认可。
2.1.1.6 Zoning 分区
1.
Each separate functional area of the hotel must be served by a separate air conditioning system. The
basic reason is that unused areas can be shut down for energy conservation. A further advantage is that
failure of one system limits the area of involvement and is easier to cope with operationally.
酒店内每一个单独的功能区都应有独立的空调系统。主要的理由就是不工作的区为了节能可
以将系统关闭。还有一个优点就是万一某一个系统出了故障，受影响的范围会小些，操作上
较为方便。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Individual temperature controlled zones shall be provided for each space having distinctive heating
and cooling load characteristics; or function, occupancy, or temperature or ventilation
requirements.
对于在供暖或冷却方面对功能、占用期间、温度、通风等有特殊要求的地区应当划成单独的
温控区。
2.
Non-critical areas such as housekeeping, staff lockers etc may be combined as a single temperature
controlled zone.
客房部、员工更衣室等等可以是单独的温控区。
3.
Computer and elevator plant rooms shall have their own independent self-contained air conditioning
systems. Elevator plant rooms, usually located at rooftop, may also be supplied from conditioned
exhaust air in lieu of dedicated systems.
电脑室、电梯房应当有自己独立的空调系统。电梯房通常位于楼顶，可考虑由空调排风来替
代专用空调系统。
4.
Interior areas, which may require cooling during winter periods, when chillers are off (generally at
ambient temperatures <14oC), could be cooled directly from cooling towers via plate/frame heat
exchangers, depending on ambient temperatures.
需要在冬季制冷的内部区域而冷冻机已不工作（一般室外温度低于 14oC）时，可以采用板
式热交换器通过冷却塔来冷却，这取决于室外环境温度。
5.
Kitchen hoods shall be of the induction type, injecting app.10%-30% (higher volume in tropical
areas) via adjustable nozzles. Temperature shall not drop below 18oC as otherwise oil particles
would condense. Pastry and cold preparation area shall be zoned to maintain lower temperatures of
21oC than the surrounding kitchen, which maintains 27 oC.
厨房排油烟罩应当是诱导吸风型，通过可调节喷口补风 10%到 30%（在热带地区要补多一
些）。补风温度应当不低于 18oC 否则油分子会凝固。饼房和冷加工区应当单独分区以保持
比周围厨房环境较低温度 21oC，厨房保持 27oC。
6.
Laundry fresh air should be ducted to work stations and exhaust from and above equipment.
Flatwork ironers and dryers need to be connected directly to exhaust, which also shall be insulated.
Additional cooling shall be achieved via local recirculating fan coils for spot cooling.
洗衣房的工作间应导入新鲜空气，废气应从设备顶部排走。熨烫和干衣机要和排气管直接相
通，并且要绝热。额外的降温可以通过循环式空调机岗位送风来达到。
7.
Department Head offices in the back-of-house, such as those for Laundry, Engineering,
Housekeeping, Kitchen, Steward, Personnel, Accounting etc. shall have their own dedicated
airhandlers and fan coils (individual rooms) to maintain comfort conditions.
各部门负责人办公室，如洗衣房、工程部、客房部、厨房、管事部、人事部、财务部等都应
在屋内有自己的空气调节器和风机盘管系统以保持舒适的工作环境。
8.
Shops generally have high lighting and people loads, which shall be taken into consideration.
商店通常是灯光集中、人员集中的地方，对这些特点应当加以考虑。
2.1.1.7 Acoustic performance 噪声性能
Reference is made to the following table and relevant acoustic standards in section 2.4.
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
下表列出了一些参考值，有关的声学标准见 2.4 节
2.1.1.8 Design Criteria 设计标准
Room Ambient Temperature and Humidity Design Criteria
房间周边温度和湿度设计标准
Temperature Relative
Temperature Relative
Sound
Summer
Humidity
Winter
Humidity
Pressure
Summer
Winter
夏季温度
冬季温度
Levels 声压
夏季相对湿
冬季相对湿度
度
°C
%
°C
%
NC
Guest Room
22.0
55
24.0
40
30*
客房
Guest Bath
22.0
24.0
35
浴室
Guest Corridor
24.5
60
21.0
40
客房走廊
Guest Service Area
25.5
60
20.0
40
40
客人服务区
Guest Vending Area
25.5
60
20.0
40
40
自动售货机区
Public Spaces
23.0
55
23.0
40
35/40
公众区域
Conference Rooms
23.0
55
23.0
40
30
会议室
Public Toilets
23.0
60
21.0
35
40
公共盥洗室
Retail Shops
23.0
60
21.0
35
35
小卖部
Health Club:
健身房
Office 办公室
23.0
55
21.0
40
40
23.5
60
22.0
40
35
Changing Rooms 更衣室
55
25.0
40
35
Sauna Rest Area 桑拿休息区 23.5
23.5
55
21.0
40
35
Massage Area 按摩区
23.5
55
21.0
40
35
Exercise Room 体操房
Indoor Swimming Pool
(See Note)
29.0
60
29.0
60
40
室内游泳池（见注）
Hotel Offices
23.0
60
21.0
50
40
酒店办公室
Department head offices in
service areas (Laundry,
Housekeeping, Chief
Engineer, Personnel, Cost
Control, Purchasing, IT,
23.0
60
21.0
35
40
Steward etc)
服务区内部门经理办公室
（洗衣房、客房部、总工程
师、人事、财务、采购、
IT、管事部等）
Computer Room **
23.0
55
21.0
35
40
电脑房
Entrance Vestibules
18.5
入口门厅
Fire Stairs (Exterior)
12.5
消防梯（外部）
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Temperature
Summer
夏季温度
Kitchen/Pantries (See Note)
厨房/备餐室（见注）
Pastry
糕点
Kitchen Preparation & Finishing
厨房加工和出菜
Roomservice
客房送餐部
Chef’s office
厨师长办公室
Laundry (See Note)
洗衣房（见注）
Valet (See Note)
茶水室（见注）
Housekeeping
客房部
Employee Dining
员工餐厅
Employee Locker & Shower
Areas
员工更衣箱及淋浴区
Maintenance Work Shops
维修间
Telephone Switchboard Room
总机房
Telephone Equipment Room
电话机房
Radio and TV Equipment
视听设备
Elevator Machine Room
电梯机房
Storerooms:
储藏室:
General and Bulk 一般和杂物
Wine (red) and Beverage
葡萄酒和饮料
Mechanical Plant
机房
Equipment Rooms
设备室
Engineer Control Room
工程控制室
Enclosed Garages
室内车库
Temperature
Winter
冬季温度
°C
Relative
Humidity
Summer
夏季相对湿度
%
°C
Relative
Humidity
Winter
冬季相对湿度
%
27.0
-
18.5
-
50
21.0
-
20.0
-
50
21.0
-
20.0
-
50
23.0
23.0
23.0
23.0
Sound
Pressure
Levels 声压
NC
28.0
-
20.0
-
50
28.0
-
20.0
-
50
25.5
60
21.0
35
45
24.0
60
21.0
35
40
25.5
-
21.0
-
45
26.5
-
18.5
-
45
23.0
-
21.0
-
30
23.0
-
21.0
-
35
23.0
-
21.0
-
45
30.0
-
18.5
-
45-50
26.5
20.0
-
18.5
18.5
-
-
30.0
-
18.5
-
-
30.0
-
18.5
-
-
23.0
60
24.0
35
45
30.0
-
12.5
-
60
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.1.9 Ventilation Requirements 通风要求
Minimum
Room Air Change
Per Hour
每小时房间最低空
气交换量
Guest Room Primary Fresh Air
Exhaust: 90 m³/hr
客房新风
排风量 90 立方米/
小时
Guest Room
客房
Guest Room Suites
客房套间
Lobbies
10
大堂
Public Corridors
5
公共走道
Rentable Shop Area
10
出租商铺区
Barber/Beauty Shop
15
理发美容店
Restaurants
12
餐馆
Bars/Cocktail Lounge
15
酒吧间
Night Club
15
夜总会
Prefunction
10
宴会前厅
Ballroom
15
宴会厅
Function/Meeting Rooms
15
多功能厅/会议室
Entertainers Dressing Rooms
10
化装室
Translation Booths
10
同声翻译室
Secretarial Service
6
文秘处
Offices
6
办公室
Public Toilets
15
公共盥洗室
Exercise Room
12
体操房
Dressing Rooms
12
更衣室
15
Massage Rooms 按摩室
Enclosed Swimming Pool
10
室内游泳池
Kitchen/Pantries
For Load
厨房/备餐
根据负载
Bakery Finishing Area
For Load 根据负载
焙烤区
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
Minimum Outdoor Air
最低室外空气
Per Person 每人
Per Unit 每单元
l/s/person
l/s/m²
升/秒/人
升/秒/平米
12.5 =
100 m³/hr/room
100 立方米/小时
/每房
25 - 2per room
Module 定额
每间客房 25 - 2
6 persons
6人
0.75
-
0.15
-
0.5
12
4.5
7
-
15
-
15
-
7
-
7
-
10
-
5
-
5
-
-
0.25
10
-
-
3.5
-
0.25
5
-
7
-
0.25
-
-
-
-
31
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Food Preparation Area
食物切配区
Laundry
洗衣房
Valet
茶水间
Housekeeping
客房部
Public Telephones
公用电话
Telephone Switchboard
总机室
Telephone Equipment
电话设备
Executive Dining Room
行政级餐厅
Food Storerooms
食物储藏室
General Storerooms
总仓
Mechanical Plant
机房
Generator Room
发电机房
Transformer Room
变压器房
Electric Switchboard Room
配电房
Engineering Shops
工程部
Employees Locker Rooms
员工更衣室
Cleaners' Closets
清洁工柜
Pool Equipment Room
设备房
Fan Rooms
风机房
Garbage Sorting Room
垃圾分类处
Ice Machine Rooms
制冰机房
Guest Floor Linen Storage
客房楼层布草储藏
Projection Room
投影室
Garage Space/Car Park
停车场
Elevator Machine Room
电梯机房
Computer Room
电脑房
Control Room
控制室
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
For Load 根据负载
-
-
20
-
-
25
-
-
12
-
-
10
5
-
10
10
-
For Load
根据负载
12
-
1
7
-
6
-
0.75
4
-
-
20
-
-
20
-
-
20
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
25
4
-
-
12
-
-
20
-
-
6
-
-
12
-
-
12
-
-
6
-
-
25
5
-
6
-
-
For Load
根据负载
For Load
根据负载
For Load
根据负载
-
-
-
24(total)
总量
24(total)
总量
-
32
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.2
CHILLED WATER GENERATION 冷冻水的产生
2.1.2.1 General 概要
The Hotel's refrigerant plant shall be of the central chilled water type. The refrigerant units shall be of
the scroll, screw or centrifugal compressor type. Absorbers may be used if operating costs are lower.
Life cycle cost calculations shall be prepared to evaluate the feasibility of the most appropriate solution.
The selection shall be based upon the availability and reliability of utilities and their costs, local service
quality, redundancy factors, future expansion plans, and annual cooling load profile. Care shall be taken
to ensure that year-round comfort conditions can be maintained as specified in sections 2.1.1&2. In
moderate climate zones low loads must be satisfied economically during spring and autumn periods,
when simultaneous heating and cooling is required in 4-pipe systems. The system must have the
ultimate approval of IHG.
酒店制冷机房应当是中央水冷型。制冷机应当是旋转式、螺杆式或离心式压缩机。如果运行费
用低，可以使用吸收式制冷机。应该计算设备使用寿命以评估选用的设备是否是最佳选择。选
择应当基于设备的现实性和可靠性以及它们的价格，当地的服务质量，设备容量冗余，将来的
扩展和年冷负荷容量。当在温和地带采用 4-管系统同时要求供暖和制冷时，应当注意确保能按
2.1.1 和 2.1.2 规定的那样全年保持舒适的条件，满足春秋季低负荷的要求。系统必须得到 IHG 的
最终批准。
2.1.2.2 Design Criteria 设计标准
Selecting Type and Capacity 选择类型和容量
The size of the cooling load will partially dictate which type shall be selected. The following table
illustrates this.
制冷负荷的大小部分地支配了类型的选择。下表说明这一点
Table 2.1.2.2A
表 2.1.2.2A
Compressor Type
压缩机类型
Nº of Machines
机组数目
Screw
螺杆式
Screw/Centrifugal
螺杆式/离心式
Screw/Centrifugal
螺杆式/离心式
Two
2
Three
3
Four
4
% Capacity
each
单机容量
百分数
67
37
Remark
备注
小负荷情况
In case of small load.
至少一台为螺杆机
At least one screw type
In case of larger load, four or more
chillers, a combination of total 110% of
design load with minimum one screw
type.
大负荷情况，四台或以上的总装机容
量为 110%的设计负荷，最少 1 台为
螺杆机
Consideration should be given to possible additional chilled water demand from kitchen refrigeration
equipment, water-cooled ice machines on guest room floors, and any other requirements unique to the
particular hotel. They should have separate cooling towers unless year-round air conditioning provides
cooling towers continuously in operation.
应当考虑到如厨房冷冻设备、客房层水冷制冰机及酒店特殊需要而额外产生的制冷的要求。除
非全年的空调能保证冷却塔连续运转，否则它们应当设单独的冷却塔。
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33
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.2.3 Refrigerants 冷媒
The chillers shall be using refrigerants, which have the least impact on the ozone layer as well as global
warming. CFCs shall not be used.
制冷机的冷媒，应对臭氧层无影响也不能影响全球变暖。不能用 CFC 类冷媒。
Compressed 压缩类型
Scroll 涡旋式
Scroll 涡旋式
Refrigerant 冷媒
R410A
R407C
Output 输出
<20kW
20-200kW
Screw/Centrifugal 螺杆/离心式
R134A，R123(To be approved by
IHG）
>200kW
2.1.2.4 Efficiency 效率
Centrifugal refrigeration units shall provide a cooling capacity at an approximate electrical Integrated
Part Load Value (IPLV) of 0.55 kW per ton.
离心式冷冻机的冷却能率应按电力的综合部分负荷值（IPLV）约为每吨 0.55 千瓦。
IPLV. Reference is made to ARI 550/590-2011, according to the formula:
IPLV 的参考值见 ARI 550/590-2011，计算公式如下：
IPLV = 1/(0.01/A+0.42/B+0.45/C+0.12/D).
A = 1% - 100% load at condenser temperature 29.4 oC in KW/ton
冷却水温度为 29.4oC 时的负荷的 100%，单位为每冷吨千瓦
B = 42% - 75% load at condenser temperature 23.9oC in KW/ton
冷却水温度为 23.9oC 时的负荷的 75%，单位为每冷吨千瓦
C = 45% - 50% load at condenser temperature 18.3oC in KW/ton
冷却水温度为 18.3oC 时的负荷的 50%，单位为每冷吨千瓦
D = 12% - 25% load at condenser temperature 18.3oC in KW/ton
冷却水温度为 18.3oC 时的负荷的 25%，单位为每冷吨千瓦
2.1.2.5 Equipment 设备
1.
Air Cooled Condensers 风冷冷凝器
Each condenser section shall have multiple condenser fans, direct driven, with three phase TEFC
motors having permanently lubricated bearings. Fans should be upward discharge and are to be
provided with wire mesh guards/bird screens. Condenser coils should be polyester coated at the
factory to protect against a damaging environment. All motors should be complete with power
factor capacitors to 0.95.
所有冷凝器都应有复式冷凝扇，直接驱动，用具有永久润滑轴承的三相 TEFC 马达。风扇应
上出风或侧出风并配备有金属保护网。冷凝器的盘管应当有出厂时安装的聚酯外壳防护。所
有马达的功率因素应到 0.95。
2.
Cooling Towers 冷却塔
To prevent spread of legionella bacteria special care shall be taken regarding its location relative to
the prevailing wind and hotel system’s fresh air intakes. Automatic water treatment shall include
dosing pumps and automatic blow-down.
为防止罗马军团细菌的传播应当特别注意它相对于经常的风和酒店系统引入新风的位置。自
动水处理应包括剂量泵和自动吹离装置。
Cooling towers are to be multi-celled (one for each chiller). The cooling tower should be of the
induced draft type. ‘Blow through’ type should only be used when there are space restrictions or
acoustic problems. Induced draft is preferred due to its higher efficiency and fume velocity. The
towers should be constructed of materials best suited for the ambient conditions at the location.
Motors are to be located out of the air stream. The cooling towers should be rated to satisfy the
cooling load, all inefficiencies occurring in cooling towers and consideration for future additional
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34
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
loads. A 10% safety factor should be added. The approach shall be <4ºC in locations with >5,000
cooling hours otherwise can be up to 6ºC.
冷却塔应当是多单元的（每一组冷却塔对应一台制冷机）冷却塔应为诱导通风型。吹透型只
能当空间受限制或由于噪声问题才采用。优先考虑诱导通风型是因为它有较高的效率和排风
速度。冷却塔的材质应当适用于当地周边环境。马达应当安装在气流以外的地方。冷却塔应
当能满足冷却负荷需求、冷却运行中出现的不利情况以及加来可能额外增加的负荷等因素，
同时应考虑 10%的余量。如果冷却塔运行时间超过 5000 小时，逼近度应小于 4oC，其他情
况逼近度可以升到 6oC
Cooling towers must be located where the generated noise and moist discharge air will not be
objectionable (or recycled) and where not readily visible to hotel guests. The preferred location
would be on the high roof of the guest tower, remote from the boiler flue.
冷却塔的噪声和排放的湿空气不会引起项目当地的异议，也不能在客人容易看见的地方。优
先的位置是在客房主楼房顶上面，远离锅炉房烟道。
Consideration should be given to using closed circuit cooling towers particularly if it is intended to
use the condenser water in conjunction with a free economiser cooling cycle or heat recovery.
如果冷却塔用于冷冻机冷却水和免费冷却系统或热回收系统的连接，应当考虑使用闭式冷却
塔。
3.
Pumps 水泵
The pumps for primary and secondary cooling distribution shall be of the centrifugal type. The
following table illustrates the type of centrifugal pump to be used in corresponding applications.
一次泵和二次泵应当是离心式的。下表列出可应用于相关情况的离心泵类型
Table:2.1.2.5A
表 2.1.2.5A
Circuit 线路
Flow Rate 流量
≥83 l/s 升/秒
<83 l/s 升/秒 以及>25 l/s
升/秒
≤25 l/s 升/秒
Low Flow Rate
小流量
Condenser
water
冷却水
Chilled Water
冷冻水
Secondary
Water
二次水
Low Flow Rate
低流量
Horizontal
Split Case
卧式水平分壳
Horizontal
end-suction
case
卧式端吸
Vertical Split
Case
立式分体
-
Horizontal Split
case
卧式水平分壳
Horizontal endsuciton case
卧式端吸
-
-
-
-
Vertical Split
Case
立式分体
-
Vertical Split
Case
立式分体
-
-
Close Coupled
紧密耦合
Vertical Split
Case 立式分体
Chilled water pumps shall be driven by variable frequency drive controlled motors.
Cooling tower condensing pumps shall preferably be driven by variable frequency drive controlled
motor
冷冻水泵必须为变频控制。冷却水泵优先考虑变频控制。
Pumps shall be designed and guaranteed for continuous or intermittent service when operating at
design speed at any point over the full range of the pump curve. This shall be achieved without
overheating the motor or bearings, without exceeding the nominal horsepower of its motor and
without producing noise audible in any area of the building outside of space in which it is installed.
Pumps shall be designed and tested at 1.5 times the scheduled working pressure.
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35
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
在额定运行速度下，如果水泵运行工况超过了其运行曲线上任何一个点，水泵应确保还能持
续或间歇工作。此时，马达或轴承不得过热，不得超过马达的铭牌功率，不得对水泵安装区
域以外的环境产生噪音。水泵的试验压力应该为工作压力的 1.5 倍。
4.
2.1.3
Pressurisation Units 增压设备
The chilled water and heating systems shall be provided with independent pressurisation.
冷却水和供暖系统要有独立的加压单元
HEATING 供热
2.1.3.1 General 概要
The preferential choice of the boiler plant is for a mixed installation type. The heating and domestic hot
water should be generated from hot water boilers operating at a maximum of 93°C.
锅炉房的优先选择是混合安装型。供暖和家用热水应由最高可达 93oC 的热水锅炉产生
Alternatively, hot water shall be generated through the use of heat pumps which also provide free
cooling to adjacent areas.
作为替代，热水可以通过使用热泵产生，该热泵是相邻地区为自然冷却所用。
The steam requirements of the hotel, such as for the laundry, valet and kitchens should utilise highpressure steam generators or boilers, operating at 860kPa. Steam boilers for laundry and kitchens may
also satisfy hot water and other heating requirements in locations with little or no winter heating. Local
district heating shall be used in lieu of boilers where available.
酒店所需的蒸汽，在洗衣房、茶水房，厨房等处应当采用高压蒸汽发生器或锅炉，工作压力达
到 860 千帕。洗衣房和厨房的蒸汽锅炉也可以满足一些不需冬季取暖或取暖要求不高的地区的热
水供应和其他供暖要求。城市的供暖有可能的话可以替代锅炉。
2.1.3.2 Design Criteria 设计标准
Selection of boiler capacities shall be based on the 1% winter design temperature of the location using
the last 10-year weather-bureau statistics.
选择锅炉的容量应当基于当地气象局最近 10 年 1%冬季设计温度的统计资料。
2.1.3.3 Load calculations 负荷计算
Total calculated load shall be reduced by 25% for all public and service areas and 20% for guest rooms
in order to obtain simultaneous heating loads.
总的计算负荷应当比公众和服务区的负荷低 25%，比客房的负荷小 20%以得到同时的供暖负
荷。
Guideline for laundry demand is app. 7.5 kg linen/room/day, requiring 2.5 kg steam/kg.
按洗衣房指南需要约为每日每房 7.5 公斤亚麻布，每公斤需要 2.5 公斤蒸汽。
A typical 300-room hotel would daily consume 300*7.5*2.5 = 5,625 kg steam. The corresponding fuel
consumption is app. 430 litres.
典型的 300 个房间的酒店每天要消耗 5,625 公斤蒸汽。对应的燃料消耗约为 430 升。
Typical total hot water consumption figures for hotels are 200 litres/day/guest (33% of total), which
includes public and service areas, laundry and pool.
典型酒店热水消耗量为每人每天 200 升（总量的 33%），包括公共区和服务区、洗衣房和水池
2.1.3.4 Hot Water Boilers 热水锅炉
Winter Design Temperature 冬季设计温度
< + 4°C (40°F)
> + 5°C (41°F)
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
Nº of Boilers 锅炉数
2 @ 100% 2 台各 100%
2 @ 67% 2 台各 67%
36
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.3.5 Steam Boilers 蒸汽锅炉
Design Temperature 设计温度
All temperatures 所有温度
Nº of Boilers 锅炉数
2 @ 100% 2 台各 100%
2.1.3.6 Steam Pressures 蒸汽压力
Equipment Type 设备类型
Laundry Equipment 洗衣设备
Valet Equipment 服务间设备
Kitchen & Dishwashing Equipment 厨房和洗碗设备
Hot Water Heaters 热水器
Pressure (kPa) 压力（千帕）
860
490
210
35-70
2.1.3.7 Pipework Design Criteria 管道设计标准
Water velocities within piping shall be based on the following table:
管内水流速度基于下表：
Type of Services 服务类型
Velocity (m/s) 速度（米/秒）
1.0 to 3.0
General Service 一般服务
0.9 to 2.1
City Water 城市供水
1.8 to 4.6
Boiler Feed 锅炉供应
1
Pump Suction & Drain Lines 水泵抽排管
2.1.3.8 Equipment 设备
1.
Boiler Plant 锅炉房
The preferred hot water design is of the packaged 3 or 4-pass Scotch-Marine type wet back boiler.
Burners may be gas/oil depending upon the cost and availability of fuels (see fuel selection).
Combination gas-oil system is required where gas is available. Where gas burners are installed, the
gas train shall include two safety valves.
锅炉应该是整体装配的、3-4 回程 Scotch-Marine 型湿背锅炉。根据燃料价格和燃料可靠性
（见燃料一节），燃烧器可以是燃气或燃油的，如果有燃气，应采用油气混合系统。在安装
燃气燃烧器的地方，燃气阀组应有两个安全阀。
2.
Steam Plant 蒸汽房
The preferred high-pressure steam plant is the Scotch-Marine type 3 or 4-pass design. The boiler
shall be of wet back construction. Boilers shall be of welded construction throughout. Plant shall
be supplied with packaged type automatically controlled de-aerator unit, which shall be complete
with transfer pumps and boilers feed pumps (one for each boiler), plus a standby pump. Water tube
boilers with steam produced inside coils are not acceptable due to their excessive coil failures.
优先考虑的高压蒸汽房是 Scotch-Marine 型 3 或 4 回程设计。锅炉应为湿背型结构。锅炉应
当是焊接的。锅炉房应有整体装配的自动除氧装置，该装置应和传输泵，锅炉给水泵（一台
锅炉配一台给水泵）外加一台备用泵配套。不接受盘管式蒸汽锅炉。因为它们过度的损坏盘
管。
3.
Controls 各种控制
The combustion controls shall include ignition control, starting and stopping of the failure control.
Burners shall be microprocessor controlled and fully modulating, capable of handling any load
from 20% to 100% of boiler capacity. Parameters such as CO, CO 2/O2 shall be monitored in the
flue-gas to modulate fuel/air ratio accordingly to maximum efficiency. Where boilers are supplying
steam to laundry and kitchen(s), they shall be equipped to operate automatically at two pressure
levels.
燃烧控制包括点火控制，失败控制的启动和停机，燃烧器必须由微处理器控制和充分可调制
的，能够掌握 20%到 80%锅炉容量的任意负荷。一氧化碳、二氧化碳和氧气的参数应当在
烟道瓦斯中监测以保证按最大效率调制烟道/空气比例。在锅炉向洗衣房和厨房供汽的地
方，这些锅炉应当装备成能自动在两种压力卧式下工作。
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37
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.3.9 Efficiency 效率
The combustion efficiency of the boilers should not fall below 91% of the net calorific value of the fuel
throughout all firing ranges. Radiation losses shall not exceed 0.5%. Consideration should be given to
select boilers with blue-flame and low NOx burner technologies.
在整个燃烧期间，锅炉燃烧效率不得低于 91%的净热值。辐射损失不得超过 0.5%。选择锅炉时
应当考虑兰色火焰和低氧氮化合物的燃烧器工艺。
Condensate return from laundry shall include flash steam recovery to pre-heat domestic hot water via
flash steam vessel and dedicated heat exchanger.
从洗衣房回收的高温冷凝水应通过闪蒸罐进行热回收，以预热生活热水。
2.1.3.10 Fuel Selection 燃料选择
The Design Engineer shall investigate alternative fuel options. A cost-benefit analysis shall be carried
out to determine the most appropriate choice of fuel. The evaluation must include such items as
government restrictions, local restriction, fuel company supply restrictions, security of fuel supply,
length of time required for fuel delivery, capacity of fuel trucks, gas pressure and quality fluctuations
etc. It is essential that the selected fuel must be readily available throughout the entire year.
设计工程师应当调查燃料的替代方案。应当进行成本-收益分析以确定最适宜的燃料。评估所包
括的项目有政府的限制、地方的限制、燃料公司的供应限制、燃料供应的安全问题、燃料发送
所需时间、燃料车的能力、瓦斯压力和质量波动等等。重要的是所选的燃料全年内必须容易弄
到。
2.1.3.11 Fuel Storage 燃料储藏
In the case of oil, the normal required storage capacity is one week. If there is potential for a problem
of delivery, larger storage capacity shall be required. Fuel oil shall be stored in tank, preferable below
grade in a location near the boiler plant and remote from the front entrance of the hotel.
对于油料，正常的储存量应当是一周。如果有供应上的隐患，就需要更大的储存容量。燃料应存
在锅炉房附近而远离酒店大门的埋地油罐内。
The tanks should be double wall fibreglass construction. The tanks should be installed over pea gravel
on concrete foundations in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Tanks should have integral
ribs.
油罐必须是双层罐壁的玻璃纤维结构。油罐必须按照制造商的指示安装在有混凝土基础的卵石
层上。油罐必须有整体制造的肋边。
An annular space between the primary and secondary shall be provided in order to allow for free flow
and containment in case of leakage from the primary tank. Tanks shall be provided with monitoring
fittings, both at the primary and secondary tanks.
在一级和二级油罐之间要有一环形空间当一级罐漏油时考虑自然流和遏制。一、二级油罐都要
配有监测配件。
Provide remote reading at the Building Engineer’s office via the building automation system. The fully
automatic electronic fuel oil tank gauging and leak detection panel shall provide continuous indication
of oil level for each tank, overfill protection, monitoring of annular spacing and monitoring of piping
system/overflow alarm.
应当通过楼宇物自动化监测系统在楼宇物工程师办公室配备远程阅读系统。全自动电子燃料油
罐表和漏油探测板应能保证不间断的指示每只油罐的油料液面，高液位警戒，环状空间的监测
和管路系统/溢流警报的监测。
2.1.3.12 Boiler Stacks 锅炉烟囱
Boiler stacks must be carefully sized for the total simultaneous capacity of the plant and other fuel fired
devices in order to maintain reasonable flue gas velocities for the fuel being burned, the firing
equipment and the available draft. Multiple flues may be required in some installations because of
equipment location or types.
锅炉烟囱的尺寸应按照厂房总体同期容量和他种燃料的点火装置仔细测定，目的在于保持燃烧
的燃料、点火设备和可得的排放的合理的烟道瓦斯速度。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.4
SPECIFICATION AND APPLICATION GUIDE 技术规和合应用指导
2.1.4.1 General Supply & Extract. Reference is made to separate section 2.2
总供给和排放参考 2.2 节
2.1.4.2 Fan Coil Units 风机盘管设备
The fan coil unit should be of blow through type. The fans should be centrifugal, forward curved,
double width, galvanized housed, directly connected to extended motor shaft. The motor should be
permanent split capacitor type, with thermal overload protection and sealed lubrication. The motor
wiring should include a quick disconnect for easy fan board removal. Water coils should be four-row
split types. The required cooling and heating capacity of the fan coil shall be achieved at medium speed.
Setting the fan coil to high speed allows quick cool down or heat-up.
风机盘管单元应当是吹透型。风扇必须是离心式的，前向叶轮式，双重宽度，镀锌铁皮外壳直
接和马达延伸轴连接。马达应是永久分离壳体电容型有防过热保护和封闭润滑。马达绕组应有
一个快速断开以易于移走风机板。水回路应是 4 排分离型。风机的需求供冷供热容量应在中速
时达到。将风机盘管设在高速允许快速冷却或升热。
Electric resistance heating coils are permitted where heating requirements are minimal and electricity
costs low. Coils should include high limit thermal cut-outs.
在极小供暖要求和电力成本低的地方允许用电阻加热线圈。线圈应包括高度限制热切割。
Double construction insulated drain pan should be included with each fan coil. Foam insulation is not
acceptable and should be fibreglass. The fan coil unit valve package must be also installed above an
appropriate drain pan.
每一台风机盘管都应有双重绝热结构的排水盘。泡沫绝热是不可接受的，应当用玻璃纤维。风
机盘管的阀组应当安装在排水盘上方的适当位置。
Where there is both, heating and cooling requirement, the preferred system is a four-pipe type. The fan
coil units should have independent heating and cooling circuits with separate control valves on each.
在同时有供暖和供冷需求的地方，优先考虑四管制系统。风机盘管要有独立的供暖和供冷回
路，控制阀也应各自独立。
A two-pipe system is suitable in buildings with no heating requirements.
2 管系统只限于无供暖需求的楼宇使用。
The second preference for fan coil units with cooling and heating requirements is the two pipe
changeover system (using a separate zone for each exposure up to a maximum of four) with an auxiliary
electric heating coil for intermediate seasons where simultaneous heating and cooling is required.
对具有冷却和供暖需求的风机盘管单元第二优先方案是两管转换型（每个方位一个单独区，最
多可有四个）在有需要同时供冷或供热的过渡季节，可设置辅助电加热装置。请以 2.1.2.1 章节
为基准。
Of least preference is the two pipes chilled water system with electric heating coil sized for the heating
load of the room. This system should only be used in areas with mild heating season or where electric
utility tariff structure results in a lower operating cost than other fuel sources. IHG must approve the
proposed system.
最不优先考虑的方案是带电热盘管的两管制水系统，电热盘管用于承担房间热负荷。这个系统
只适用于只需要少量供暖的季节或电价相比其他燃料费用低的地方。采用此系统需经过 IHG 的
批准。
All fan coil units shall have strainers ahead of controls. Coils require vent and drain. Air filters shall be
accessible for easy removal.
所有风机盘管在控制阀前都要设过滤器。盘管需要设排气阀和排水装置。空气过滤器应当易于检
修和移除。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.4.3 Convector Heating 对流式加热器加热
Supplementary heat in the form of a baseboard convector under the window of a typical guest room is to
be used whenever the calculated winter heat transmission of the room exceeds 450W, unless insulating
glass is used, in which case the above allowable transmission load can be increased to 650W. The need
for heat in rooms other than typical guest rooms (eg, rooms below the roof, etc) will be determined as a
function of the need for heat in the typical room outlined above.
当一间典型客房计算的冬季热传导超过 450 瓦时可在房间窗户下设对流散热器以补充热量，如
果用了隔热玻璃，上述允许的热传导负荷可以增加到 650 瓦。其他类型房间（如房顶下的房
间）的需热量可看作上述典型房间需热量的函数来确定。
2.1.4.4 Bathroom Heating 浴室供暖
Where the guest bathroom is located on an exterior wall, bathroom heating will be provided for all
hotels when the winter design temperature is below 16°C.
在客房浴室挨着外墙的地方，当冬季设计温度低于 16oC 时，应保证向全酒店的浴室供暖
Bathroom heating shall be designed to maintain 24°C, taking into account the various heat transmission
losses as well as the guest room ventilation air which is exhausted through the bathroom.
考虑到各种热传导损失和客房通风（经过浴室排气），浴室供暖应当设计为保持 24oC。
A finned convector located under the window or a section of finned tube radiator with enclosure located
under the bathroom lavatory should provide heating or provide heated towel rack.
在窗户下面装有翅片的热空气循环对流加热板或在浴室马桶下面埋入的一段有翅片的管状辐射
器应能保证取暖及加热毛巾架。
2.1.4.5 Thermostats 温控器
Wall mounted thermostats for guestrooms shall be combination cooling/heating thermostat with on-off
switch and 3-speed fan control. When setting temperature a red/blue dial indicator shall be used to
select heating or cooling. Controls for radiators in front of windows (where installed) shall be interfaced
with the room thermostats.
客房墙上安装的恒温器应当是同时具有供冷/供热控制功能，带有开关和三速风扇控制。设定温
度时应当使用红兰指示灯选择制热或制冷。如窗户前安装辐射器它的控制器应和客房恒温器接
口。
2.1.4.6 Air Supply, Return and Exhaust Systems 空气的供应、回收和排放系统
Each separate functional area of the hotel must be served by a separate air conditioning. The basic reason is
that unused areas can be shut down for energy conservation. A further advantage is that failure of one
system limits the area of involvement and is easier to cope with operationally. Rooms serving similar
functions, such as meeting rooms, can be combined if each zone can be controlled separately.
酒店的各个功能区必须由各自的空调系统来服务。基本的理由是不工作的区为了节能，可以将
该区的系统关闭。另外一个好处是当一个系统出故障时，受影响的区域会小些，操作上要简单
些。相似功能的房间，如会议室，如果每个房间能独立控制的话，系统可以合并。
Except for primary air and exhaust systems with constant 100% air volumes (such as guest rooms,
laundry or kitchens), the preferred type is medium pressure variable air volume systems. Where
conventional low pressure, constant volume air supply and return systems are used, they shall have as a
minimum two-speed motors.
除了需要经常供应和排出 100%风量的客房、洗衣房或厨房，其他地区的空调优先考虑中压可变
风量系统。对于常规的低压、定风量送回风系统，至少需要双速马达控制。
2.1.5
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
2.1.5.1 Benchmarks 基准点
Total annual electricity consumption shall not exceed the following values:
年总电力消耗不得超过以下值：
Electricity consumption shall not exceed (note: hotels with electric chillers)
电力消耗不得超过（注：酒店有电制冷）
Moderate climate zone: 145 KWh/sqm/year
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
温和气候区：145 千瓦时/平米/全年
Mediterranean climate:
155 KWh/sqm/year
地中海区：155 千瓦时/平米/全年
Tropical climate:
200 KWh/sqm/year
热带区：200 千瓦时/平米/全年
Typical full operating hours for hotels are: 5,000-5,500 hrs/ year. Therefore, maximum peak demand
shall be calculated as follows:
酒店的满负荷运转是一年 5000 到 5500 小时。因此，需求的最大峰值应当计算如下：
Annual consumption (net area * benchmark)/ full operating hours.
全年能耗（净面积*基准）/满负荷运转小时
Total annual net energy consumption shall not exceed:
全年 电力净消耗不得超过：
Total energy consumption shall not exceed (note: laundry included. W/o: deduct 25%).
全年 电力净消耗不得超过（注：包括洗衣，否则扣除 25%）
Moderate climate zone: 180 KWh/sqm/year. (without laundry: 135 KWh/sqm/yr)
温和气候区：180 千瓦时/平米/全年（无洗衣 133 千瓦时/平米/全年）
Mediterranean climate:
140 KWh/sqm/year
地中海区：140 千瓦时/平米/全年
Tropical climate:
80 KWh/sqm/year
热带区：80 千瓦时/平米/全年
Figures relate to the net available energy available at the boiler outlet and equal to the amount otherwise
supplied via a district heating source. Typical full operating hours for hotels are 2,000-2,500 hrs/ year.
The higher values are valid for hotels with absorber chillers and laundry. Maximum demand,
determined by the engineers, shall not exceed these figures and is calculated as follows:
上述净能耗数值是锅炉装机容量或市政供热系统的供应量。典型的酒店满负荷操作时间为 2000
到 2500 小时/一年。较高的数值是指有吸收式制冷机和有洗衣房的酒店。由工程师确定的最大需
求量不得超过上述数字。这些数字是按下列公式计算的：
Total annual consumption/ full operating hours. If in excess IHG approval is required.
总全年耗能量/满负荷操作小时数。如果超过了就需 IHG 的批准。
2.1.5.2 Fancoils 风机盘管
Motors shall have split capacitor.
马达应当有分体电容。
Induction units are not a IHG standard for luxury hotels. Self-contained units have a short equipment
life and are less efficient than fan coils.
对于豪华酒店而言，诱导式单元不是 IHG 标准。自主的单元设备使用期短并且比风机盘管效率
低。
Consideration should be given to interface of fan coils via the BMS system. This serves the purpose of
controlling vacant rooms' air conditioning and power supply to lights as well as monitoring comfort
conditions during occupation. In addition, All guestroom thermostat shall be configured with 2ºC dead
band and user adjustment range shall be limited to 23ºC ± 3ºC.
应当考虑通过楼宇管理系统接入风机盘管。其目的在于控制空房间的空调系统和灯光能源和监测
有人入住时的舒适条件。此外，所有客房温控器必须设定 2ºC 的死区。客人能调节的温度范围须
限定在 23ºC ± 3ºC。
2.1.5.3 Variable Frequency Drives 变频驱动
Secondary circuit pump motors shall be variable frequency drives to maintain constant pressure. Two-way
valves shall be used to modulate flow at coils.
二次泵的马达应当是变频驱动以维持设定压力。应采用二通阀作为盘管水流调节。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.1.5.4 Building Management Systems 楼宇管理系统
All systems shall be controlled by the BMS system and incorporate the following energy conservation
functions:
所有系统都应由 BMS 系统控制并包含有下列节能功能：
 Supply air reset from specific load demands
按照特定的需要改变送风量
节能器的控制（回风/排风的比例）
 Optimum start/stop
最优启/停控制
 Dead zone control (21-24ºC)
死角区控制（21-24OC）
 Time of day, day of week, holiday programming
每日时数，每周日数，假日等的程序控制。
 Outside air control in accordance with actual people load for larger systems (CO2-air quality
monitoring)
大系统中按实际人数控制新风量。
 Supply heating water reset in accordance with outside temperature changes
随着外界温度的变化调节热水供应。
 Chilled water reset based on monitoring selected area's comfort conditions
按照区域舒适条件调节冷冻水。
 TRAV control (terminal regulated air volume)
末端调节风量的控制
 VAV fan matching and supply fan control
可变风量风机的匹配和供风风扇的控制。
 2-or multiple speed motor control of CAV systems
定风量系统的 2 速或多速马达的控制。
 Peak demand control, where applicable
在可能出现的地方，控制需求峰值。
 Staggered restart of fans, pumps etc. after power failures
停电后，风扇、水泵等的依次重启动。
2.1.5.5 Heat Recovery 热量回收
Heat recover should be used for all systems with large air volumes (>10,000m³/hr) and long operating times
such as guest rooms and lobbies.
所有大风量的系统（>10,000 立米/小时），长期工作的客房和大堂，都应有热量回收
The merit of each heat recovery system shall be evaluated either individually or in combination with others,
depending on the design approach.
应当根据设计途径，单独地或和其他系统一起评估每一个热量回收系统的优点
1.
Air to Air 空气到空气
 Thermal wheel: app.: 75% efficiency
除温转轮效率约为 75%
 Run-around-coil: app.: 40% efficiency (winter only)
环路盘管效率约为 40%
Heat recovery from kitchen and laundry exhaust is not recommended because grease and lint clogs up
recovery coils fast, thus reducing air volumes and efficiency.
不提倡从厨房或洗衣房回收热量，因为油污和絮状物会很快堵塞盘管，从而减少风量和降低
效率。
Thermal Wheels 热转轮
Thermal wheels should be utilised where economically feasible. Volumetric capacities should range
from 450ls-1 to 30m³s-1, face velocities should be limited to 2-4ms-1.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
在经济上可行的地方都要用热转轮。处理的风量范围在 450l/s 到 30l/s，表面风应限制在 24m/s。
Advantages of thermal wheels are (i) reduction in energy consumption, hence costs, (ii) reduction in
necessary installed capacity, hence reduced costs , (iii) a reduction in environmental pollution and (iv) a
reduction in humidification, less water is used.
除温转轮的优点是(i) 减少能耗及成本(ii) 需要时减少装机容量，也就是节约成本 (iii) 减少环境
污染 (iv) 减少增湿，需水减少。
However the disadvantages are (i) the initial capital costs of the product, (ii) the additional plant area,
(iii) an increase in fan power requirement and (iv) the maintenance of the unit.
但缺点是(I)产品要初始投资(ii)需额外的面积(iii)增加风机能量需求(iv)需养护。
Heat recovery shall be provided for units > 10.000m³/hr and with long operating times. Typical feasible
systems are fresh air/ exhaust for guestrooms, lobbies, large ballroom and function rooms. Indoor
swimming pools shall have latent heat recovery, irrespective of size.
对于容量超过 10,000 立米/小时并长时间操作的单元应当保证热量回收。典型的可行的系统是
在客房、大堂、大宴会厅和功能厅是新风/排气。室内游泳池不管尺寸大小，都要有潜热回
收。
2.
Air to Water 空气到水
Latent heat recovery from indoor swimming pools for heating pool water and reducing ventilation
requirements (heat pump).
从室内游泳池回收的热量用于加热池水和减少通风要求（热泵）。
Heat recovery from boiler flue gas may only apply to inefficient old boilers in existing buildings.
从锅炉烟道瓦斯回收的热量只能用于供应已有楼宇物的低效的老式锅炉。
Recovery of Steam and Condensate Energy
蒸汽回收和冷凝液能量
Flash steam recovery from laundry condensate.
从洗衣房高温冷凝水回收闪蒸蒸汽。
3.
Water to Water 水到水
Refrigeration cooling circuit for pre-heating hot water.
冷冻器冷却回路用于热水的予加热。
Chiller condenser circuit for pre-heating hot water. Note: Separate circuits within chiller may reduce
its efficiency if load profile insufficient.
冷凝器的冷凝回路用于热水预加热。备注：如果负荷容量不足，制冷机中设置此热回收回路
会降低制冷机能效。
Recovery of Waste Heat from Engine Driven Generator Exhaust
来自引擎驱动发电机排放的废热回收
4.
Co-generation 热电联产
Co-generation or combined heat and power plant (CHP): the simultaneous generation of electricity and
heat. They now achieve an overall efficiency of 88% relative to the net calorific value. Over 50% of
the input energy is recovered from the jacket water and exhaust.
热电联产：同期产生电力和热量。相对应于净能量数值他们可以得到的总效率为 88%。超过
50%的投入能量能从缸套水和排放中回收。
Feasibility: as a rule of thumb, if the cost of 3 kWh is at least 30% more than the cost of one litre of fuel
or one cubic metre of gas. Payback period shall not exceed 5 years.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
可行性：根据经验，3 千瓦时的电力成本至少要比一升燃料或一立方米燃气的成本高出
30%。回报期不能超过 5 年。
They must be sized and operated in accordance with the hotel’s heating (not electric) requirements.
Rejecting excess heat via cooling towers shall not be permitted, as otherwise efficiency & payback
would quickly drop. CHP plants shall only be considered where local maintenance is guaranteed.
他们必须按照酒店的取暖（而不是电力）要求安排和操作。通过冷却塔释放过量余热是不允
许的，否则效率和回报都会急剧下降。只有在当地维护得到保证的情况下才考虑采用热电联
产系统。
Where installed consideration should be given to utilise CHP plants as required emergency power
supply.
当需要应急电力供应时，应当考虑安装热电联产系统。
5.
Recovery of Energy in Air or Water and Transfer to Air or Water 气或水的能量回收和转换
 Heat pumps
热泵
2.1.5.6 Alternative Energy Sources 替代能源
Alternate energy sources can be:
替代能源可以是：
 Solar heating. Not economically feasible with present technology. Improved recovery rates, decreased
capital costs and much higher energy cost may justify such an investment in the future.
太阳能取暖。以目前的技术经济上不可行。在将来，改进回收率、降低基建投资和很高的能
源成本有可能证实他的投资。

Utilisation of lake, river or sea water for condenser cooling may be appropriate for hotels located
nearby such sources.
如酒店靠近湖泊、河流或者大海，可利用这些水源来冷却冷凝器。

Wind and water energy are generally not economically feasible with the exceptions listed above for
water.
风能和水能一般来说经济上并不可行，上述这些水源除外。
2.1.5.7 Chilled Water Storage 蓄冷系统
Chilled water storage is applicable only if high electricity peak demand charges and low night tariffs are
applied. Sufficient space for storage containers must also be available. Size of chillers will also be reduced
(smaller equipment).
只有在白天电力峰值高电价，晚间电力低电价的地方才考虑采用蓄冷系统。如采用此系统，需要
考虑有足够的地方设置蓄冷水箱。制冷机的尺寸可能因此会减小（设备尺寸会小些）。
2.1.5.8 Evaporative Cooling 蒸发冷却
Desert coolers are not permitted because of the danger of biological fouling (Legionnaire’s disease).
Cooling in this mode shall be assessed on a case by case basis.
考虑到生物污染（军团病），不允许采用蒸发式冷却系统。如采用此系统，须逐个对项目进行评
估。
2.1.5.9 Economiser 节热器
During winter periods cooling towers can be used for direct cooling without the operation of chillers.
Feasibility applies if sufficient cooling loads are available and the outside temperature drops below 10oC.
冬季冷却塔可以用来直接冷却而不需要启动冷却器。如果有足够的冷却负荷并且室外温度降到
10oC 以下（采用节热器）是可行的。
2.1.5.10 Commissioning 试运行
Proper commissioning procedures of the building's mechanical, systems are an important requirement to
achieve energy efficiency. This does not only ensure that all systems are in perfect working order, but also
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that all specified capacities and efficiencies are being achieved. For example, unbalanced water and air
systems require the equipment to run longer and harder to maintain comfort conditions. Wrong adjustments
or incomplete system functions result often in penalties on comfort and energy bills.
要达到高能率，重要的要求是对楼宇的机械和系统采用合适的试运行程序。这不仅能保证所有系
统完美的工作，而且能达到所要的规定容量和效率。例如，不平衡的水气系统会要求设备运转更
长时间并且更加难以保持舒适的条件。错误的调整和系统功能的不完整会在舒适和能源帐单上遭
到惩罚。
2.1.5.11 Chillers 制冷机
1. Select the cheapest energy source: evaluate centrifugal versus absorption.
选择最便宜的能源：对离心式机组和吸收式机组进行评估比较。
2.
Condenser water temperatures should be as low as possible to optimise chiller efficiency. Chiller
shall control condenser water temperature to optimise its efficiency.
冷凝器水温应尽可能的低以优化效率。制冷机应控制冷凝器水温以优化它的效率。
3.
If cooling becomes necessary in winter for computer rooms or other internal loads, evaluate
requirement for separate smaller packaged reciprocating unit. The smaller chiller may be more
economical to run than large chillers with large pumps. Consider separate self contained units
(split/DX), unless sufficient internal loads justify a small chiller.
如果在冬季电脑房或其他内部负荷需要制冷，应对小型分体式往复式机组进行评估。小的制
冷机组相比带大的水泵的大型制冷机组运行更节能。除非充分的内部负荷能证明需要小的制
冷机，否则应考虑独立系统（分体式/直接蒸发式）。
4.
Centrifugal chillers' efficiencies shall not be more than 0.63 KW per ton of refrigerant capacity.
Scroll & screw units' efficiencies shall not be more than 0.65Kw per ton over the entire load range.
离心式冷却机的效率不得超过 0.63 千瓦（每吨冷凝剂）。卷筒或螺旋式的效率不得超过
0.65 千瓦（每吨整个负荷范围冷凝剂）。
5.
Each unit shall have a Kwh meter and temperature sensors in chilled and condenser water supply
and return piping installed.
每个单元应有电度表，在冷却机和已安装的冷凝水供水和回水管路上要有温度传感器。
6.
They shall be connected to the BMS system to constantly indicate operating efficiency.
他们应当连接到楼宇管理系统（BMS）以经常显示操作效率。
2.1.5.12 Cooling Towers 冷却塔
1. IHG standard is multi-celled induced draught type with variable speed motors to control
temperature. Forced draught towers use more energy and are only permitted if space for induced
draught towers is not available.
按 IHG 标准是多单元诱导通风型、带变频马达以控制冷却水温度的冷却塔。机械通风型需
要更多能量，只有当没有诱导通风冷却塔的空间时才准许使用。
2.
The approach shall be 3ºC in tropical and subtropical locations. In other climate zones it shall not be
more than 5ºC.
在热带或亚热带逼近度是 3oC，而在其他气候区则不超过 5oC。
3.
Consideration shall be given to provide free cooling via plate heat exchangers/closed circuit cooling
tower during winter periods.
应当考虑在冬季通过板式热交换器或封闭式冷却塔自然冷却。
4.
Closed circuit cooling towers for free-cooling should be considered.
应当考虑用封闭式冷却塔自然冷却
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2.1.6
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试
2.1.6.1 General 概要
The ease with which systems may be commissioned is often dependent on the level of planning that occurs
at the design stage and the standards to which the works are executed.
对一个系统监理的难易常常取决于设计阶段的计划和实施该工程的规范。
Air Systems 空调系统
Particular attention shall be paid to the following:
特别注意以下各点：

The selection of ductwork components, configuration and layout which ensure that the system is as
inherently stable and self balancing as possible
选择管道工程的组件，配制和布局以保证系统尽可能的固有稳定和自我平衡。

The selection of fans with duty points on a stable part of the fan curve and capable of producing
between 110 and 115% of the design flow against the estimated index branch resistance
风机额定工作点的选择应在风机曲线的稳定范围内，并能有 110%~115%的设计流量余量，以
抵消预计支管阻力对系统的影响。

Good ductwork design and installation
好的管道工程设计和安装。

Having the correct type of damper in the necessary positions. Grille and diffuser dampers shall not be
used for any purpose other than fine adjustment of terminal volume flow rates
在需要的位置有正确类型的风阀。格栅和散流器自带的风阀不得用于除了微调末端风量速度
外的其他用途。

Adequate space for access to all plant and equipment
为所有的机房和设备，要留足够的空间。

Careful consideration of the sitting of test holes in ductwork and the provision of ductwork
configuration that facilitates accurate flow rate measurement
仔细考虑风管工程测试孔的设置和管道工程配制的规定，以方便准确流速的测量。
2.1.6.2 Water Distribution Systems 水分配系统
Particular attention should be paid to the following:
特别注意以下各点：
 The selection of pipework components, configuration and layouts which ensure that the system is as
inherently stable and self balancing as possible
选择管道工程的组件，配制和布局以保证系统尽可能的固有稳定和自我平衡。

Pipe sizing that provides adequate velocities to ensure accurate flow measurement and prevention of
static air pockets but not excessive velocities which may give rise to noise generation and erosion of
system components
确定管子尺寸既保证足够的速度以确保准确的流量测量和防止净止的气泡，又不过速使噪音
上升和管件腐蚀。

The selection of pumps with duty points on a stable part of it's characteristic and capable of producing
between 110 and 115% of the design flow against the estimated index branch resistance
选择水泵其值勤点应处于水泵特征线的稳定部分并能产生设计流量的 110 和 115%以应付支阻
抗的估算指标。

Adequate facilities to enable the system to be flushed, vented and drained properly
要留足空间使系统的冲刷、排气和排水能恰当进行。
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
Adequate space for access to all plant and equipment, especially adjacent to flow measurement and
regulating devices and pressure/temperature test points
为了所有的车间和设备的作业，要留足通道，特别是与流量测量和调整设施，压力/温度调试
点相邻的通道。

The proper selection, sizing, positioning and installation of flow measurement and regulating devices
恰当选择，定尺寸，定位和安装流量测量和调整设施。
2.1.6.3 VAV Systems 变风量系统
Particular attention should be paid to the following:特别注意以下各点：
 The provision of full and proper design information in particular the extent of factory calibration and
site testing of terminal units, diversity patterns and tolerances for regulations and test results
保证有充分和适当的资料特别是工厂口径的范围和末端单元的现场测定，调整和调试结果分
布模式和公差。

Good ductwork design and installation
优良的管道工程设计和安装。

The use of straight duct connections between branch ducts and VAV terminal units to ensure uniform
air flow
用直管连接支管和 VAV 末端单元以确保气流均匀。

The careful selection of grilles and diffusers and the avoidance of those with differing characteristics on
the discharge from VAV terminal units
仔细选择格栅和扩散器，避免那些使 VAV 末端流量改变性质的设施。

Fan and VAV terminal unit selection
风机和 VAV 末端单元的选择。

Adequate space for access to all plant and equipment, the provision of suitable test points and proper
means of access to these
为了所有的车间和设备的作业，要留足空间，要保证适宜的调试点位置和这些点的适宜作业
手段。
2.1.6.4 Building and Energy Management Systems 楼宇和能源管理系统
Particular attention should be paid to the following:
特别注意以下各点：
 The interaction with other systems such as fire and security systems and plant with integral controls e.g.
boilers and chillers
同其他系统，如防火、安全系统的相互关系及厂房和综合管理例如锅炉房，冷却房的关系。

The documentation of control requirements in a format that is comprehensible to the controls designer,
contractor, installer, commissioning engineer and end user is essential
提供为控制设计师、承包商、施工人、任务工程师和最终用户都能理解的关于控制要求的文
件是至关重要的。

The provision of "manual" switch positions to enable plant commissioning
保证手动按钮的位置，确保工厂的 监理。

The agreement at an early stage with all parties, in particular the end user, of mnemonics used to
identify points on graphic screens and the presentation of graphic information
同各方，特别是同最终用户达成的，用以在图解屏幕上识别的点及图解信息的表达的早期的
备忘协议。
Flushing, Cleaning and Chemical Treatment 冲刷、保洁和化学处理
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The HVAC Contractor shall thoroughly clean and flush all water distribution systems prior to the
commencement of any commissioning:暖通空调承包商在完成任何任务前应彻底打扫和冲洗所有水分配系统。
Immediately after the cleaning and flushing procedure has been completed the system shall be chemically
treated with passivators, biocides and corrosion inhibitors.
在保洁和冲洗流程完成后，紧接着用钝化剂、杀虫剂和阻蚀剂进行化学处理
Cleaning of Air Distribution Systems 空气分配系统的打扫
The HVAC Contractor shall thoroughly clean all ductwork, internally and externally and all equipment and
components by vacuuming and wiping prior to the fixing of any grilles, diffusers or other terminal devices.
暖通空调承包商在固定任何格栅、扩散器或其他末端设施前应当用吸尘和擦抹彻底打扫全部内、
外部管道工程和所有设备和组件。
The ductwork systems shall be "blown through" in sections by the isolation of branches using volume
control or fire dampers, in a logical manner, with the system fan or fans running.
在支管隔离的情况下启动风扇用控制风量或灭火调节器的办法适当地按节‘吹透’管道系统
Handover of Air and Water Distribution Systems 空调和水系统的交工
The HVAC Contractor shall test, demonstrate and certify the cleanliness of all systems prior to handing
them over to the Commissioning Specialist.
暖通空调承包商在将系统交付给任务专家前，应当调试，展示并确认系统的清洁度。
Remedial Works 补充工程
The HVAC Contractor shall remedy any faults, errors or omissions reported to him by the Commissioning
Specialist with all due haste so as not to delay the progress of the commissioning.
暖通空调承包商应当适时补救任何监理工程师提出的过失，过错或遗漏以免延误任务的进程。
Design Information 设计资料
The designer shall provide all necessary design information to enable the Commissioning Specialist to
undertake his duties. This information shall include:设计者应向任务专家提供所有必须的设计资料以便任务专家执行任务。这些资料允当包括：

Design drawings showing the layout of the system in relationship to the building and other engineering
services
关于 系统布置同楼宇和其他工程项目关系的设计图

Fully detailed and quantified schematic diagrams of all distribution systems
所有分配系统的详细和合格的示意图

Schedules of major plant, equipment, components and terminal devices
主要厂房、设备、组件和末端设施日程表。

Control system logic diagrams and philosophy
控制系统逻辑图和基本原理。
The following additional information, which may not be available until after the appointment of the HVAC
Contractor, shall also be provided where applicable:
下列附加资料，在指定暖通空调承包商以前可能拿不到，也要尽可能提供：

Electrical diagrams of associated plant and equipment
厂房和设备的电路图
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
Control system diagrams
控制系统图

Fan and pump performance curves
风机和水泵特征曲线。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.2
GENERAL SUPPLY & EXTRACT 一般供风及排风
2.2.1
GENERAL 综述
The following systems are to be provided for the hotel complex. All public areas fully air-conditioned.
Service areas fully ventilated and heating and/or cooling as per tables 2.1.1.7 & 2.1.1.8 shall be
provided depending on climate zone. Toilet extract, general kitchen and kitchen hood extract, locker
room extract and boiler room/machinery room supply and extract. Other systems shall be provided as
stated elsewhere in the text or as required for the specific hotel. Minimum air change rates shall be as
stated in the design criteria in tables 2.1.1.7 & 2.1.1.8.
酒店综合体应配备以下系统。所有公众区域全部空调。服务区全通风，取暖和冷却（见
2.1.1.7，2.1.1.8）按不同气候区提供。厕所排放，厨房和油烟机排放，衣物室排放和锅炉房/机器
房供应和排放。文章提到的或特色酒店需要的其他需要提供的系统。最低换气速度（见
2.1.1.7，2.1.18 设计标准）
2.2.2
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
2.2.2.1 Duct Design Criteria 风管设计标准
The following maximum duct design velocities are to be used in the design of ductwork systems.
Where a range is indicated, it is intended to represent velocities over a range of flow volume.
设计管道系统时采用下列最大管道设计流速，有幅度的地方，意思是表达一定范围的流量。
Metres/Secon 米/秒
Low Pressure Systems 低压系统
7.5
Main Duct 主管道
5.0
Primary Branch 一级支管
2.0-3.5
Secondary Branch 二级支管
5.0
Guest Room Risers 客房竖管
13.0
Medium Pressure Systems 中压系统
8.0-9.0
Kitchen Grease Exhaust 厨房油烟排放
8.0-9.0
Laundry Exhaust 洗衣房排放
2.5
Cooling Coils 冷却盘管
4.0
Heating Coil 加热盘管
1
Filters 过滤器
The following maximum friction losses are to be used in conjunction with the velocities noted above.
下列最大摩擦损失值同上述速度值联合运用。
Pascals/metre 帕斯卡/米
1.0
Low pressure systems 低压系统
3.3
Medium pressure systems 中压系统
2.2.3
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
2.2.3.1. Air Handling Units 风量调节单元
General: 一般规定
Each of the units should be constructed as a double skinned unit comprising of 25mm thick foam filled
panels of extruded aluminium in a pentapost framework arrangement with the corners connected with
glass reinforced nylon mouldings or similar.
每一个单元应建成双层的内含 2.5 毫米厚的挤压铝板作五边框架排列其转角处用玻璃尼龙或类似
模制件连接的单元。
Each unit should include all required components such as filter section, pre heat coil, coiling coil, reheat coil, supply fan, silencers and initiate/discharge plenums. These individual components much
comply with tier particular specifications.
每个单元应包含所有需要的组件如过滤段、预热回路、冷却回路、重热回路、供气风扇、消声
器和发动/排出机构。所有单个的组件都必须遵守分层排列的特别规格。
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The double skin panels should consist of an approved expanded polyurethane foam insulation
sandwiched between two galvanised sheet steel panels. The insulation should not be less than 25 mm
thick and have a mean density of 50 kg/m³. The two steel skins should be 0.6 mm thick.
双层外壳应由夹在两层镀锌薄钢板间的聚亚安酯泡沫隔热板做成。隔热板厚度应不小于 2.5 毫米
，其平均密度为 50 千克/立米。两层薄钢板的厚度应为 0.6 毫米。
The panels should be fixed to the frame with stainless steel screws using a nylon bush to bridge the
panel sandwich. Each panel to framework joint should be sealed with low density PVC foam gasket.
The panel/gasket/framework assembly should give an air tight seal. The air leakage from the unit should
not be greater than that specified for the distribution ductwork.
隔热板应当用不锈钢螺栓固定在框架上，用尼龙衬套穿越夹心层。框架上的每一块板都要用低
密度泡沫 PVC 填料密封。隔热板/填料/框架组合应当不透气密封。从单元漏气不得超过分配管道
系统所规定的界限。
The unit should be complete with a base frame fabricated from 3 mm galvanised steel section with cast
aluminium corners. The base frame corners should incorporate a flange and hold to provide the unit with a
bolt down position in each corner. The base frame is to be fitted with additional anti-vibration mountings.
单元应和由 3 毫米镀锌钢条，转角为铸铝的基框做成一整体。基框的四角应当做入凸缘用螺栓固
定单元。基框进一步由防振安装来调整。
2.2.3.2. Fan Assisted Variable Air Volume Units 风机协助的可变风量单元
Unit casing to be constructed from galvanised sheet steel, suitably braced to meet acoustic performance
and prevent drumming. Twin return air inlets should be located either side of centrally positioned
primary air spigot to ensure efficient mixing of the primary and return air streams, to give a temperature
variation in the mixed air stream of less than 10% of the initial temperature differential.
单元外壳由镀锌钢板造成，适当地系紧以应付音响及防止敲响。双重回风进口应当放在处于中
间的新风的套管的两侧以保证新风和回风流的有效混合，使得混合气流的温度变化小于初始温
度差示的 10%。
The unit casing should have an insulated access panel with keyhole slots retained by 6 MB fixings. The
access opening should allow removal of the fan without disturbing the duct connections.
单元外壳应当有带有孔槽的，用 6MB 定位的隔热作业板。作业开口应允许在不干扰管道连接情
况下卸去风扇。
Provide temporary filter media on the twin induction ports mounted in a suitable frame fitted to the unit
casing.
在单元框架上安装的双重进气口上要有临时性的过滤器。
The unit is to be lined with 50mm thick high-density insulation.
单元要用 50 毫米厚的高密度隔热瓦衬砌。
Fan: 风机
Fans should be forward curved double inlet centrifugal type having a dynamically balanced impeller
with a direct drive motor suitable for speed control.
风机应当是前向叶轮双入口离心式有动力平衡叶轮和直接驱动电动机以控制速度。
Each unit casing should contain a single fan scroll, which should be flange mounted. Multiple fans in
single units are not acceptable.
单元外壳应有风机卷筒并用法兰固定。单独的单元不许用多重风机。
Fan motors should be resiliently mounted to the fan scroll. Fan scroll should be manufactured from
galvanised sheet steel. Fan motors should be suitable for 230 Volt 50 Hertz single-phase electric supply
and have an automatic reset and thermal overload protection device. The motor should be of the
permanent split capacitor type and have lubricated for life bearings.
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风机电动机应当弹力安在风机卷筒上。风机卷筒应由铸锌钢板制成。风机电动机应适应 230 伏
50 赫兹单相电力供应并有自动重启动和热力超负荷保护装置。电动机应是永久分层电容型并且
终生润滑轴承。
Electrical connection to the fan should be by a single quick release plug having shrouded pins.
对风机的电力连接应是单个的带护罩别针的快速插头
A speed controller should be provided to enable the fan speed to be adjusted between maximum and
minimum limits in a stepless manner by a control signal from the BMS controller.
要有速度调节器使风机速度能按照建筑物管理系统的调节器发出的控制信号在最大和最小范围
内无级调整。
The speed controller should be matched to the fan motor to ensure stable operation. A minimum voltage
stop should be provided to ensure the motor cannot be set in a stall mode. The speed controller should
incorporate a ‘soft start’ feature to enable the fan to run at full speed for a short period on start up to
ensure correct fan rotation.
速度调节器应同风机电动机相匹配以保证稳定的操作。应设立一个最低停机电压以避免电动机
失速。速度调节器应包括软启动功能以保证开机时风机短时间全速运转直到达到需要的风机转
速。
A 24 volt ac relay should be provided to enable the BMS to switch the fan on and off.
应有一个 24 伏的交流继电器使建筑物管理系统能开/关风机。
A lockable electric supply isolator should be provided mounted on the unit electric enclosure. The
isolator should be sized to the full electrical demand including any reheat load and meet current IEE
Regulations.
应在单元的电力部分安装有一个可锁的电力供应绝缘体。该绝缘体应具有满足电力满负荷的尺
寸和满足电流的 IEE 调节。
Damper and Damper Actuator: 风阀和风阀驱动器
A primary air control damper and actuator should be provided to vary the air quantity in response to a
control signal from the BMS giving pressure independent control. The damper will be a single blade,
centrally pivoted in plastic bearings, to minimise maintenance requirements.
应提供新风调节风阀和促动器以按照楼宇管理系统（BMS）压力控制器给的信号改变空气质
量。风阀是一个单片，轴装在塑料轴承上，以减少养护的的需求。
The single blade control damper should have an edge seal suitable for temperatures up to 50ºC. Damper
leakage at shut off should not exceed 0.5% of rated flow at an inlet pressure of 500 Pa.
单片调节风阀有边封能耐 50oC 高温。风阀关闭时渗漏不能超过入口压力为 500 帕时的率定流的
0.5%。
The damper should be located inside the unit and drive shaft extended to the actuator mounted inside
the electrical enclosure.
风阀应处于单元的内部，伸向促动器的驱动桥应安装在电力部分的内部。
The actuator should be of the rotary type designed to be indefinitely stalled against end stops and
suitable for 24V ac. The actuator should incorporate a manual override facility and have a maximum
running time of 120 seconds from damper open to damper closed position.
促动器应当是设计成旋转式的可以无限期的拖延最终停机，适用于 24 伏交流电。促动器应包括
一个手动超越工具其从风阀开启到风阀关闭的最大运转时间为 120 秒。
Primary Air flow and Induction Port Sensor: 新风流量和诱导口传感器
A multi-point flow sensor should be provided in the primary air inlet. The sensor should average the
readings and generate a differential pressure output proportional to the mean velocity in the inlet spigot.
新风入口应安装有多点流量传感器。传感器将读数平均，生成一个差示压力输出值，同进口龙
头的平均速度成正比。
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Each sensor should be constructed from aluminium tubes. The sensor to be connected to the flow
transducer by plastic pressure tubing having a UL94 VO rating.
每个传感器由铝管制成。传感器用 UL94VO 级压力塑料管同流量换流器连接。
The primary air inlet spigot and sensor should be sized for a maximum inlet velocity of 10m/s.
新风进口龙头和传感器的尺寸应适应最大进口速度为 10 米每秒。
Electric Heater: 电加热器
Where called for electric heater should be fitted as an integral part of the terminal box.
电热水器：需要电热水器的地方，应当适合作为末端箱的一个组成部分。
Heater elements should consist of 80/20 nickel chrome resistance wire fitted in 8.5mm diameter 304
grade stainless steel tubes filled with granular magnesium oxide. The elements should be mounted on a
galvanised sheet steel plate for ease of replacement.
热水器电池应含有 80/20 镍镉电阻丝装在直径为 8.5 毫米的 304 级不锈钢管内并充以氧化锰粉
末。电池应装在镀锌薄钢板上以便于更换。
An automatic reset high temperature cut out set at 50ºC and brass earth stud should be mounted on the
element mounting plate.
在电池安装板上同时安装有自动重启 50oC 高温断开和黄铜接地销。
The surface temperature of the elements should not exceed 400ºC under the specified air flow
conditions.
电池的表面温度在特定的气流条件下不得超过 400oC
Electric connection to the elements should be via threaded terminals, washers and nuts. Heaters should
be fully wired and tested by the terminal box manufacturer to meet IEE Regulations.
同电池的连接应通过螺纹末端、垫圈和螺帽。电加热器应当连好线并经末端箱制造商调试以达
到 IEE 规定。
Heaters should not be energised until the minimum heating air volume has been established by the DDC
controller via a total volume velocity sensor located downstream of the terminal box mounted in the
airway of the secondary silencer.
在经由处于装在二次消声器空气道里的终点箱的下游的总流量速度传感器的 DDC 调节器建立最
小加热容量之前，加热器不得赋能。
Heaters should be fully wired and complete with safety circuits including hard-wired pressure switch
interlock on fan operation and safety fuses.
加热器应当充分连线，和包括硬线压力按钮风机操作联锁和安全保险丝的安全线路做成一体。
2.2.3.3. Variable and Constant Volume Boxes 可变量箱和定量箱
Provide low terminal pressure units. Unit casings should be galvanised steel complying with acceptable
construction standards with sandwiched thermal and sound attenuating rigid insulation. Thermal and
acoustic insulation material should be rated for low flammability.
提供低末端压力的单元。单元的外壳应是符合建筑标准，有能降热和降声夹心的刚性绝缘物的
镀锌钢板。热、声绝缘材料应当是低燃性级别的。
Leakage through the unit casing should be less than 3% of design volume at 1000 Pa inlet pressure.
经单元外壳渗漏应小于 1000 帕进口压力时的设计流量的 3%。
Terminal units should be pressure independent and should be capable of reset of air volume within ±
5% of required air flow (as determined by the space thermostat) regardless of changes in system air
pressure. A "flow cross" averaging volume sensor, scanning not less than four quadrants of the air inlet
should be incorporated within the unit and should provide control pressure for the lps reset actuator.
Separate differential pressure taps should also be provided for airflow measurement. Each terminal unit
should be provided with a flow chart attached. Maximum and minimum lps setting should be factory set
but should be capable of easy readjustment at the site. Terminal units should be capable of operating as
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described above at inlet static pressures between 12.5 Pa and 750 Pa. Units should be selected to operate
at a static pressure loss through the unit between 12.5 Pa and 125 Pa (maximum).
末端单元应当不受压力的干扰并能在要求的空气流（由空间恒温器确定）上下 5%重新设置风量
而不受系统空气压力变化的影响。在单元内应当组合进一个能扫描空气进口的四个扇面以上的
均衡流量传感器为重启动促动器提供控制压力。为测量气流应当设有单独的差示压力出气口。
在每一个末端单元应当附有一张流量卡。最大和最小流量设置应在工厂里设定但要易于在现场
重调整。末端单元应能当进口静压力在 12.5 帕和 750 帕之间时操作。单元应当选择当静压力损
失在 12.5 帕和 125 帕（最大）之间时能操作的。
The terminal unit manufacturer should provide actuator and accessories to adjust airflow valve within
maximum and minimum limits as determined by the space thermostat.
末端单元制造商应当提供促动器和配件以在空间恒温器规定的最大、最小范围内调整气流阀。
The VAV or CV units manufacturer should submit guaranteed sound power level ratings by octave
bands. These ratings should list the unit sound power generation with the VAV or CV unit installed
within the test chamber. The sound power generation should be listed for an upstream pressure of 750
Pa, 500 Pa, 250 Pa and minimum water gauge with a downstream pressure of 0.0 Pa water gauge.
Neither the manufacturer nor the specific unit selection will be approved until such data has been
submitted.
变流量和定流量单元的制造商应当提交保证声力水平等级的声音波段。这些等级应当列出测试
棚内有变流量和定流量单元时的声功率形成。应当列出当上游压力为 750 帕、500 帕、250 帕且
水表读数最小而下游压力为 0 时水表读数的声功率形成。没有这些数据，制造商和修中的单元
都不会得到批准。
Sound power shall be measured in accordance with ADC (Air Diffusion Council) Standard 1062-R.3, or
the equivalent International Standards Organisation (ISO).
声功率应按 ADC（空气扩散理事会）或 ISO（国际标准组织）的标准测量。
2.2.3.4. Packaged Self Contained Air Condition Units 成套的自主空调单元
Packaged self-contained air conditioning systems should have the following built-in components:
成套的自主的空调系统应具备下列内装的组件。
Fan Section: The fans should be of the centrifugal design, double width, double inlet and should be
dynamically and statically balanced. The complete balanced assembly should provide a maximum
vibration level of 2mm in any plane. The shaft should be heavy-duty steel with self-aligning ball
bearings. The drive package should consist of belts and pulley to achieve variable speed adjustment
within the acceptable limits of the motor horsepower. The fans should be located to draw air over the
coil to ensure even air distribution and maximum coil performance. All fans to be independently
isolated from the unit enclosure.
风机节段：风机应是离心式、双倍宽、双进口且动态和静态平衡。完全平衡的组合的任一平面上
的最大振动水平为 2 毫米。轴应是有能自动对齐的滚珠轴承的重型钢材。驱动包应包含有皮带和
滑轮以调节允许范围内的电动机马力。
Chilled Water Coil: The chilled water coil should be constructed of copper tubes with mechanically bonded
aluminium fins to provide efficient heat transfer. The water circuit should be designed to distribute water
into the entire coil face area. The entire coil assembly should be mounted in a stainless steel condensate
drain pan.
冷却水盘管：冷却水盘管应由铜管制成并有机械结合的铝翅片以保证有效的热传导。
Condensate Drain: The condensate drain pan is to be mounted at an angle within the unit to aid complete
drainage. Condensate pans are to be provided with factory assembled and wired condensate pump with all
the necessary controls. The condensate pump to be constructed of a material that will not rust during the life
of the unit.
冷凝水排放：冷凝水的排放盘安装在单元内成一个角度意在完全的排水。冷凝水盘应当配备工厂
组装的并连接所有的控制器的冷凝水泵。冷凝水泵由不锈材料制成。
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Filters: The filter chambers should be an integral part of the system. The filters should be serviceable
without shutting down the system and be fully accessible from the front of unit without the use of ladders or
special riggings. They should be the deep pleated filters with an efficiency rating of not less than 35% EU4
(based on Eurovent 4-5) and manufactured from fully fire retardant synthetic fibre.
过虑器：过虑室是系统的组成部分。过虑器应当运行正常不会导致系统停机，能够从单元正面靠
近而不需要梯子或专门的装备。过虑器必须是多褶的，效率等级不低于（EU4）的 35%，它们应
由阻燃的合成材料制成。
Disconnect Switch: Disconnect switch should be provided for each unit and should be built-in as an integral
part of the unit. The disconnect switch should be completely operable from the outside of the unit and have
exterior stainless steel trim for appearance.
切断开关：每个单元都要配备切断开关而且应是单元内的组成部分。切断开关应能从单元外部进
行操作，要有不锈钢的显露部分。
Cabinet and Frame Construction: The unit is to be made of tubular steel construction. The steel panels are to
be provided with insulation of sufficient density to project the system and reduce noise transmission. Access
panels are to be provided with key operated quarter turn fasteners for routine serving. The unit panels are
fitted with seals to prevent air loss and to keep noise levels to a minimum.
小柜和框架的制作：单元应由管钢制作。应配备带致密的隔离层的钢控制板固定系统和减少噪
音的传输。正常的运行要有带 90o 转角的紧固器的操纵台。单元操纵台应当封死防止空气损失并
使噪音降到最低水平。
Controller: The units are to be provided with a microprocessor based controller with plug-in modules.
The controller should control and monitor temperature, humidity, and airflow and air cleanliness. The
sensing elements for dry bulb temperature and relative humidity should be located in the return air
stream. The controller and electronic control system should be serviceable by the front of the unit. The
control panel should be isolated from the conditioned air stream. Each component circuit should be
individually fused.
控制器：单元应配备插入模式微处理器控制器。控制器要控制和监测温度、湿度、汽流和空气
洁净度。干球温度和相对湿度感应元件应安放在空气回流中。控制器和电子控制系统应在单元
前面运行。控制台应同空调气流隔离。每一个组件的线路都要有单独的保险丝。
The monitoring system should allow for monitoring and programming as a minimum the following
space conditions:
监测系统至少要能监测和程控下列空间状况：
Temperature (ºC)
Temperature Setpoint
Relative Humidity (%)
Humidity Setpoint (%)
温度
温度的设置点
相对湿度
相对湿度的设置点
Provision for password protected adjustment of the setpoint conditions are to be provided for security
reasons.
为了安全起见，应作出能调整设置状况密码的规定。
The control system should monitor the unit operation and activate an audible and visual alarm by LEDs,
in the event that any of the following factory preset alarm conditions occur:
控制系统要监测单元的操作并当下列因素的予设警报出现时激活音响和视屏警报
High Temperature
Low Temperature
Loss of Supply Air
Dirty Filters
温度高
温度低
供气损失
过滤器污垢
All alarm features should be wired to volt-free contacts to allow for remote units monitoring/shutdown.
所有的警报器应为 0 电压连接以便单元的远程监测和关闭。
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Flow Switch: A flow switch is provided and will activate the alarm system and/or shutdown the unit
should the chilled water supply be interrupted. The switch is to be factory wired and mounted in the
chilled water valve compartment.
气流开关：配备气流开关，当冷却水供应遇到干扰时，激活警报系统或关闭单元。气流开关应
在工厂连接并安装在冷却水阀隔间内。
All chilled water valves and piping within the units are to be fully insulated to ensure full system
capacity and prevent condensation.
单元内所有冷却水阀和管道应当隔热以保证全系统的功能和防止凝结。
If the conditions dictate a heating requirement in the associated area, a hot water coil or electric heating
coil should be sized accordingly.
如果有状况在某个地区需要加热，应当考虑用热水盘管或电热盘管。
2.2.3.5. Reverse Cycle Water Source Heat Pumps 逆流水源热泵
General: 一般规定
Each unit should comprise a thermal and acoustic lined, zinc coated sheet steel chassis enclosing the
following items:
每个单元应当有一个隔热隔音衬砌，镀锌薄钢板底架，包含下列项目：
Twin double (vertical units) or single double (horizontal units) inlet centrifugal type recirculating air
fans/fan, directly coupled to a 3 speed electric motor of the permanent split capacitor type with sealed
for life bearings.
二重双进口（垂直单元）或一重双进口（水平单元）离心型循环风扇，直接同 3 速永久电容型
封闭轴承电动机连接。
Air to refrigerant heat exchanger (air coil) constructed from copper tube with mechanically bonded
aluminium fins and expansion through capillary.
由带铝翅片铜管制成，经由毛细管膨胀的空气/冷凝剂热交换器（空气盘管）。
Copper (tube-in-tube) coaxial or multi plate water to refrigerant heat exchanger.
同心铜管或多平板水/冷凝剂热交换器。
Rotary type refrigerant compressor supported on anti-vibration mountings and suitable for permanent
split capacitor operation contained in a sealed, sheet steel enclosure to isolate it from the air path.
防振安装和适用于封装在薄钢板内，同空气隔绝的永久分层电容的旋转型冷凝剂压缩机
Washable recirculation air filter accessible for removal.
能装卸的可洗的空气过滤器。
Each unit should have in built protection controls including HP cut out and low limit water thermostat,
automatic reset defrost thermostat and thermal current overload switches on compressor and fan motor.
Where a condensate pump is fitted a high condensate level sensor should be included.
每个单元应内装保护控制器，包括电源切断、低水位恒温器、自动除霜恒温器、压缩机上的热
流过载按钮和风机。装备冷凝泵的地方，应包括一台冷凝水高水位传感器
Horizontal units should be suitable for fitting in the void above a suspended ceiling. Each unit should be
supplied complete with factory fitted support angles and rubber spring anti-vibration mountings.
水平单元适合安装在顶棚上。每个单元应同支撑托座和橡胶弹簧防振座架整装一起。
Connections: 连接
Each unit should be supplied complete with flexible water connection hoses, terminating with
compression fittings. There shall be provided suitable isolating valves on the water inlet and outlet and a
flow setting/regulating device on the return pipe.
每个单元要同软水管一体连接，要有高压另件。在进、出水口要配备合适的隔离阀，在回水管
要有流量设定/调节设施。
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The unit should be supplied with a flexible condensate drain tube for the Contractor to connect to a
suitable drain line fitted below the level of each unit.
每个单元要配备软排冷水管以便承包商将水引向单元下方的排水渠。
Control: 控制
Each unit should be capable of operating independently or in a master/slave group scheme of up to 10
units in conjunction with a Temperature Limited Series IV Controller. Each controller should
incorporate on-off switch, fan speed selector and temperature control adjustment, unit available and
fault LED indicators, a fault reset and liquid crystal display (LCD) showing the operational state of the
unit. It should also include a comprehensive diagnostic facility which can be accessed to determine the
status of the unit and be fitted with a thermostat sensor designed to maintain the temperature selected by
automatically controlling the compressor and reversing valve to operate in either cooling or heating
modes as required.
每个单元应能单独运行或总计划 10 台以内同温度控制器第四系列联合运行。每台控制器应有开
关、风机速度选择器、温控调节器、单元可行和错误显示屏，错误重启和显示单元运行状态的
液晶显示。还应包括综合诊断设施用以确认单元状态，用保持选定温度的恒温传感器调整，和
逆向阀以按需要按制冷或供暖模式运行。
Horizontal unit will have a controller, complete with remote location mounting, suitable for surface or
semi-recessed installation and an extension cable.
水平单元的控制器，同适合地面或半隐蔽安装的远程定位装置，和一条电缆一体。
These units should only be utilised when given permission by IHG.
这些部件只有得到 IHG 的批准方能采用。
2.2.3.6. Split Cooling Systems/Variable Refrigerant Volume 分体式冷却系统/可变冷凝剂量
Factory assembled packaged self-contained DX air conditioning units, with discharge airflow pattern to
suit application, should be provided.
应当配备工厂组装成套的带有排气方案以便应用的自主 DX 空调单元。
Each room unit is to be complete with a remotely mounted condenser unit.
每个房间单元要有配套的远程控制的冷凝单元。
The fins on the condenser coils are to be coated with an epoxy vinyl finish for protection.
冷凝器盘管的风扇要有环氧乙烯保护壳。
The packaged self-contained DX air conditioning system should have the following built-in
components:
成套的自主 DX 空调系统应有以下内装的组件：
Refrigerant Circuit: 冷凝剂回路
Refrigerant circuit, should be complete with solenoid valves, liquid line filter dryers, suction line filters,
moisture indicators, expansion valves, hermetic compressors with line service valves, gauge
connections, and full operating refrigerant charge.
同螺线阀组成一体的冷凝剂回路，过滤器液线干燥器，过滤器吸入线，湿度指示器，膨胀阀，
带线路运行阀的密封压缩机，仪表接头，以及满负荷操作冷凝剂充料器。
Evaporator Coil/Casing: 蒸发器盘管/外壳
Evaporator coil/casing should be a circuited 6-row aluminium fin, copper tube, coil with stainless steel
drain pan.
蒸发器/外壳为 6 排铝翅片，铜管，不锈钢排水盘盘管的回路。
Refrigerant lines should be run between the room mounted and the remote mounted condensing unit.
All insulation to comply with relevant statutory requirements.
冷凝剂线路应在安装好的房间和远程安装的冷凝单元间运行。所有的绝缘须符合相关法规。
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The centrifugal fan should be dynamically and statically balanced and supported by self-aligning ball
bearings. They should be arranged for pull-through operation and be driven by an open drip-proof
motor, with an adjustable motor base. The drive package should be two-belt, variable pitch, sized for
200% above the fan motor horsepower.
离心式风扇应是动态和静态平衡的，由自动对齐滚珠轴承支撑。它们应能拉动操作，由带可调
电动机底座的防滴电动机驱动。驱动包应是双带、可变螺距、规格为风扇电动机马力的 200%。
Filter chambers should be an integral part of the system. Filters should be to Eurovent 4 standards and
should be serviceable from either end of the unit.
过滤器室应是系统的组成部分。过滤器应适合 Eurovent4 标准并能从单元的两端运作。
A condensate pan should be provided with factory assembled and wired condensate pump of a nonferrous construction with all necessary controls. The pan should be stainless steel construction with nonferrous connections and fully insulated.
冷凝盘应当同工厂组装的非铁质的带控制器的冷凝泵配备在一起。冷凝盘本身是不锈钢的带非
铁质接头和完全隔热的。
A solid state electronic control system should be of plug-in modules and should contain no moving
parts. The system should be provided in a factory wired electric control centre. The temperature controls
should have only one adjusting and sensing point for the room conditions. The sensing elements for dry
bulb and humidity should be located in the return air stream. The electric control centre and electronic
control system should be serviceable by raising a hinged door on the front of the unit. This panel should
be isolated from the conditioned air stream. Each component circuit should be individually fused. The
system should have the facility to be operated remotely via the BMS, if required.
固定的电子控制系统是插入式的而没有活动的部分。该系统应当在电子控制中心装备。温度控
制对每个房间应当只有一个调节和感应点。干球和湿度感应元件应当放在蒸汽回路中。电子控
制中心和电子控制系统应在单元前方铰链接合小门提升时运行。控制台应当隔热。每一部分的
电路应当有单独的保险。如有必要，系统应当有通过建筑物管理系统进行遥控的设施。
A disconnect switch should be provided for each unit and should be built-in as an integral part of the
unit.
每个单元要配备内装的断开按钮并成为系统的组成部分。
The system should have pilot indicator lights to indicate need to change filters.
系统要有提示需要更换过滤器的指示灯。
The system should monitor by means of factory installed and calibrated equipment (audible alarm,
indicator lights, and silencer switch) the following control conditions:
系统通过工厂安装的并且率定的仪表，如可视警报、指示灯、消声按钮等，监测以下各种控制
状况：
Return Air Temperature
High Temperature
Loss of Supply Air
Dirty Filters
Return Air Humidity
回收空气温度
高温
供风损失
过滤器污垢
回收空气湿度
Each system should also include one set of contacts for BMS interface, which should indicate if any of
the above safeties are in alarm for auxiliary alarm connections. Sensing devices for these alarm
conditions should be field adjustable to meet the required design conditions of the installation.
每个系统应包括一组同建筑物管理系统接口的接触点，它们会在上述安全设施有警时指示同辅
助警报连接。只些警报的传感器应当能在现场调整以满足装备的设计要求。
All four sides of the unit should have insulated panels.
单元四周应有隔热板。
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The unit should be designed so that the control system and electrical circuitry can be serviced and/or
checked while the system is in operation without disturbing air flow and performance.
单元应按控制系统和电力线路能在系统运转时运行或进行检查而不打乱风量和行为来设计。
If the refrigerant system has a number of internal evaporator units, consideration shall be given to the
benefits of utilising a Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) system. The design engineer shall submit an
analysis.
如果冷凝剂系统有许多内部蒸发单元，应当考虑采用冷凝剂变量系统（VRV）。设计工程师应
当提供有关分析。
The VRV system shall be equipped with a compressor with inverter control, capable of changing the
rotating speed to follow variation in cooling load.
VRV 系统应配备能改变旋转速度的逆向控制压缩机以适应制冷负荷的变化。
。
If refrigerant system is installed into a false ceiling a full leak detection system shall be required.
如果冷凝剂系统安装在假天花板上，需要有测漏系统。
If any refrigerant system has a heating requirement, heat pump models shall be utilised.
如果任何冷凝剂系统需要加热，要采用热泵。
IHG must give their consent to any refrigerant-based cooling/heating system.
采用任何一种基于冷凝剂的冷却/加热系统都必须得到 IHG 的同意。
2.2.3.7. Centrifugal Fans 离心风机
All fans should be of the non-overloading centrifugal fan type. Impellers should have backward curved
blades.
所有风机都应是非超负荷离心型。叶轮应当是后叶片型。
The capacities of the fans should be in accordance with the fan schedule, as illustrated by the design
engineer. Fans should have direction of rotation, discharge direction, and arrangement to suit space
conditions.
风机容量应按照设计工程师制定的风机计划。风机应当有旋转方向、出流方向和适应空间条件
的安排。
Fan housing should be rigidly built and braced. Where fan scroll is 475mm or more or where required
by the design engineer, an access door with frame and gasket should be provided. All access doors
should be so fabricated that the inner surface is flush with the inside of the scroll.
风机房应当坚固和有支撑。当风机卷筒超过 475 毫米或工程师有要求，应当配备带框架和衬垫
的作业窗口。所有的作业窗口都是预制的，内部表面同卷筒内部齐平。
All fans should be guaranteed to fulfil the requirements as specified by the design engineer. The fan
manufacturer should furnish for approval for each fan, certified sound power ratings with an octave
band analysis and also the volume-pressure kilowatt characteristic curves from shut-off to free air
delivery.
所有风机都应满足设计工程师提出的要求。风机制造商要提供每一台风机的证明，证明声力等
级和音阶带分析，还有从关机到自然送风的容积压力千瓦特征曲线。
Impellers should have ample strength. They should be statically and dynamically balanced to avoid
vibration and should have blades to secure quiet efficient operation.
叶轮要足够坚固。它们应当是静态和动态平衡避免振动的，还应有叶片保证平稳有效的运行。
All fans should be factory-coated with one coat of primer and one coat of machine enamel. The interior
of all fans and all fan wheels should be painted as per manufacturer’s standards. All fans should be
provided with galvanised steel inlet guard screens. Inlet guard screens should be of such design that
they will not reduce the inlet area of fan beyond the maximum reduction permitted by the fan
manufacturer to guarantee the fan performance.
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所有的风机都应在工厂上漆，一层底漆，一层机械抛光。风机内部和所有风机轮应按制造商标
准上漆。所有的风机应配备镀锌钢板入口保护屏。入口保护屏不应超过制造商承诺的最大允许
缩小量而缩小风机入口面积。
2.2.3.8. Axial Fans 轴流风机
The fan casing and fan plates should be manufactured from mild steel.
风机框和风机板应由低碳钢制造。
The fan casing and flanges should have a minimum thickness of 3.0mm for fans up to and including
1000mm diameter, with thickness of 5mm for larger diameters. Flanges should be integral with casing
and should be provided with boltholes for connection. The casing assembly, complete with flanges,
should be hot dip galvanised after manufacture.
对于直径 1000 毫米以下的风机，壳体和法兰至少厚 3 毫米，直径超过 1000 毫米的风机，壳体
和法兰厚度为 5 毫米。
An external terminal box should be provided, as standard, on long case fans. Short case fans will have a
terminal box on the motor only.
按规定，在长壳体风机外部要配备终端箱。对于短壳体风机，只需在电动机上有终端箱。
The fan blades should be aerofoil section, high-pressure die cast from aluminium alloy. Al blades will
be examined by x-ray before machining. The fan impeller hub and clamp-plate should be cast in
aluminium alloy and should be examined by x-ray before machining to ensure sound casting.
风机刀片的断面应是机翼型，由铝合金高压压铸。所有刀片机械加工前要经过 X-光透视。风机
叶轮的壳盖和夹板由铝合金压铸，机械加工前要经过 X-光透视。
The pitch angle of the fan should be individually adjustable. The fan should be of the variable pitch
angle or controllable pitch angle design. The supplier should be able to provide evidence that the
impeller has been adequately stressed for running at the highest speed.
风机的倾角应能独立调整。风机应有多种倾角或可控制倾角设计。供应商应证明叶轮在高速运
转时有足够的应力。
The impeller should be balanced to G3.6 or better as defined in ISO 1940/1:1986 (6.3 mm/s peak to
peak or 4.5mm/s rms).
叶轮按 ISO 1940/1：1986 达到或优于 G3.6 平衡（6.3 毫米/秒峰/峰或 4.5 毫米/秒 RMS）。
The aerodynamic design of the fan should be such that the maximum power required by the fan occurs
within the normal working ranges, ie, it has a non-overloading characteristic.
风机的空气动力学设计应使风机最大功率要求在正常工作范围内出现，即无超载特性。
The fan should be suitable for frequent starting applications and for continuous operation in ambient
temperatures ranging from -43°C up to +63°C.
风机应能适应经常开机和环境温度从-43oC 到+63oC 时连续工作.
Fan motors should be at the totally enclosed, squirrel cage induction, continuous duty, and variable
torque type.
风机的电动机应属于全封闭、鼠笼感应，连续荷载和可变转矩型。
Flexible connectors should be provided where indicted by design engineer and should be fabricated
from neoprene coated fibreglass type NCA/S.
在设计工程师指定的地方要配备预制的带玻璃纤维外衣的氯丁象胶 NCA/S 型软接头。
2.2.3.9. Bifurcated Fans 分流风机
The fan casing should be manufactured from mild steel. The fan casing should have a minimum
thickness of 3.0mm on fan sizes up to 600mm and a minimum of 5.0mm for larger fans. Flanges should
be integral with, or welded to, the casing and should be provided with bolt holes for duct connection.
The casing assembly, complete with flanges, should be hot dip galvanised after manufacture. An
external terminal box should be provided, as standard, on all fans.
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风机壳应由低碳钢制造。风机直径小于 600 毫米时，机壳最小厚度为 3.0 毫米，大些的风机，机
壳厚度为 5.0 毫米。法兰应和机壳做成一整体或焊接到机壳。法兰应钻有螺孔以连接管道。壳体
总成，包括法兰，制造后应当淬火电镀。对所有风机，都应配备外部终端箱。
The fan impeller hub should be cast aluminium alloy with a cast iron insert or adapter and should be
examined by x-ray before machining to ensure sound casting.
风机叶轮壳盖由铝合金铸成带铸铁塞子或接头。为保证高质量的铸造，在机械加工前必须通过
X-射线检验。
The pitch angle of the fan blades should be individually adjustable. Fans operating between the
temperatures of 205°C to 232°C should have their impeller drilled and pinned. Tips of the fan blades are
to be machined to ensure close tip clearance inside the casing.
风机叶片的倾角应能各自调调节。当风机在 205oC 和 232oC 时运行，叶轮要钻孔和上销。叶片
末梢要机械加工以保证在壳体内合缝。
The supplier should be able to provide laboratory evidence that the impeller has been adequately
stressed for running at the highest speed supplied.
供货商要能提供证明，证明叶轮在高速运转时有足够的应力。
The impellers should be balanced to G6.3 or better as defined in ISO 1940/1:1986 (6.3mm/s peak to
peak or 4.5mm/s rms).
按 ISO1940/1：1986（峰对峰 6.3mm/s 或 rms 4.5mm/s）叶轮应达到或优于 G3.6 平衡。
Fan motors should be of the totally enclosed, squirrel cage induction, continuous duty, variable torque
type.
风机电动机应属于全封闭、鼠笼感应，连续荷载和可变转矩型。
The aerodynamic design of the fan should be such that the maximum power required by the fan occurs
within the normal working range, ie, it has non-overloading characteristics.
风机的空气动力学设计应使风机最大功率要求在正常工作范围内出现，即无超载特性。
The motor should be isolated from the main air stream in a tunnel, which extends to one side of the
casing. The motor is cooled by ambient air drawn into the tunnel and passed over the motor carcass by a
fan mounted on a shaft extension at the tail of the motor. The motor is sealed from the air stream by the
use of a shaft seal.
电动机应同机壳一侧的风洞内主气流隔离。电动机由安装在电动机延伸轴尾部的风机将风洞的
冷风导入，经过电动机骨架上方进行冷却。通过轴封将气流同电动机隔开。
Inlet and outlet wire guards should be provided where indicated by design engineer.
在设计工程师指定的地方，配备进口和出口线保护。
2.2.3.10. Toilet Extract Fan Sets – Public Areas 厕所排风机组-公共区域
These should consist of two statically and dynamically balanced double inlet, double width, forward
curved fans, rigidly mounted on heavy gauge steel plate with vibration isolation mounts.
要有两套静态和动态平衡的双进口、双宽度、前倾叶风机，坚固地安装在防振钢板上
Duplicate set (run and standby) with H/O/a switches, run and trip lights and auto changeover located in
local MCC.
双套（运行和备用）机组，H/O/a 按钮，运行指示灯，自动切换。
Casings should be manufactured from galvanised sheet steel or aluminium alloy and should be suitable
for a ducted inlet and outlet application. Each unit should be supplied with non-return dampers. The
casings should be internally lined with sound-absorbing insulation.
机壳应由镀锌薄钢板或铝合金制造并方便于管道进口和出口。每个单元要有不可逆风阀。
2.2.3.11. Systems 系统
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2.2.3.11.1
Guest Room Bath Extract 客房浴室排放
The design engineer should take great care in the design of the guest room exhaust system to
preclude any transmission of sound from bathroom to bathroom, via the ductwork. It may be
necessary to install cross-talk attenuation or acoustic lining. Required air quantity per room
module: 85m³/hr. Extract fans to be centralised and located at rooftop.
设计工程师在设计客房排风系统时要特别小心杜绝任何声音通过管道从一间浴室传到另一间
浴室。可能要安装对讲衰减器或消声衬垫。 每个房间风量模数为 85 立米/小时。要中央排风
扇并且安装在顶棚内。
2.2.3.11.2
Guestroom Toilet Extract 客房厕所排放
The design system should take great care in the design of the toilet extract system, to preclude any
transmission of sound from toilet to adjacent toilets. It may be necessary to install cross-talk
attenuation or acoustic lining. Toilet extract fans to be located at rooftop, not individual units in
bathroom.
设计系统在设计时要特别小心厕所排气系统的设计。杜绝厕所间的声音传递。可能要安装对
讲衰减器或消声衬垫。厕所排放风机应安放在顶棚内，浴室内不能放单独的单元。
2.2.3.11.3
Laundry Extract and Supply 洗衣房排放和送风
The system should be capable of removing lint, heat, odour and vapour at the source. Extract grilles
should be located within the ceiling adjacent to each heat-emitting item. The discharge should be at
the top of the building. Consideration should be taken when locating this discharge, in particular, it
should be in the direction of prevailing wind. The laundry extract should be insulated. Necessary
precautions should be made in the design of the system to protect the ductwork from moisture build
up, ie, the duct should be pitched back to a drain adjacent to the source of the moisture generation.
A ducted system of filtered air supply is required in all cases.
系统应能从源头上消除絮状物、热量、臭气和蒸气。排放隔栅应安放在散热项目上面的顶棚
内。应通过房顶释放。释放的位置要考虑，即要顺风。洗衣房的排房要隔热。在系统的设计
阶段要预警防止管道受潮，即管道应引向湿源附近的排水沟。在所有的情况下，都要有供应
过滤空气的引导系统。
2.2.3.11.4
Valet Extract and Supply 服务间供、排气
The requirements of the valet system are as for the laundry system stated above. However, the
exhaust system should operate at a higher air change rate in order to dissipate the extra heat
produced.
对服务间供、排气系统的要求和上述对洗衣房排放和送风系统一样。但排放系统要求有更高
的空气交换率以驱散多余的热。
2.2.3.11.5
Kitchen Extract and Supply 厨房供、排气
Kitchen range hood extract should be built of 2mm black iron or 2mm stainless steel. All joints in
such ducts should be welded and water tight. All 90° turns should be made with 5-piece minimum
mitred elbows and all 45° turns with 3 piece minimum mitred elbows.
厨房排烟罩由 2 毫米厚的铁或不锈钢制成。所有的接头都应焊接和不漏水。直角转弯处至少
要有 5 个斜接弯头，而 45 度转弯处则要有 3 个斜接弯头。
Ductwork exposed to air of high moisture content should be stainless steel. The duct should be
pitched back to drain adjacent to the source of the moisture generation.
暴露在高湿度空气中的管道要是不锈钢的。管子应当导向湿源附近的排水沟。
Access panels (with cliplock fasteners) for cleaning must be provided at distances not exceeding 3
meters. The use of volume control dampers and turning vanes should be eliminated.
配备的带紧固器的保洁操纵盘应不超过 3 米。
Any ductwork passing through waterproof wall or roof construction should be provided with
counter-flashing.
管子穿过防水墙或房顶要配备反充水器
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Fire dampers must not be used in extract systems.
在排放系统中不准用挡火墙。
Kitchen ventilation systems should be designed so that the kitchen will operate at a negative
pressure level relative to adjacent areas.
厨房通风系统的设计要能使厨房在比相邻地区压力小的情况下运行。
All horizontal ductwork should be of pan construction (no seems on bottom) with all transverse
joints welded on bottom and sides.
所有的管道都应是盘状结构。所有接头焊在底部或边上。
Range hoods may require a direct connected, make-up air supply. Supply is to be 100% outdoor air,
filtered and not less than 18°C. A fire damper should be installed at points of connection.
成排的油烟罩需要直接连接以供应空气。供应的空气必须是 100%的室外空气。经过过滤且
不能高于 18oC。 在连接点要安装挡火板。
Location and size of kitchen hoods shall be detailed and specified by the food service consultants,
and incorporated in the construction documents by the architects/engineers.
厨房油烟机的位置和大小要请食物顾问详细规定，并且包括在建筑师/工程师准备的建筑文
件中。
All food service areas are to be maintained at an operating temperature of 28°C year round, except
for the following areas, which require special temperatures:
食品运作区应保持工作温度为全年 28oC，除非有下列特殊温度要求的地方：
Food preparation area 备餐区
Chefs office 厨师长办公室
Room service office 客房服务办公室
Stewards office 管事部办公室
Finishing area 出菜区
Chocolate room 巧克力房
21°C
22°C
22°C
22°C
21°C
21°C
Exhaust hoods over cooking equipment are to be of the engineered induction type. Hoods are to be
provided with exhaust and make-up air connections. Make-up air shall be supplied via adjustable
nozzles around the hood’s perimeter to a minimum of 10% up to 30% in tropical & subtropical
locations. Supply air temperature shall not fall below 18 oC.
灶具上端的排油烟罩应为吸入式。罩上要配备补、排气接头。补气通过可调节的分布在油烟
罩四周的喷管供应，在热带和亚热带地区至少为 10%到 30%。供应的空气温度不得低于
18oC.
2.2.3.11.6
Car Park Extract and Supply 停车场的供风和排风
The ventilation for car parks should be as local codes require. However, a minimum of six air
changes per hour should be provided or cycled according to CO. Variable speed drives should be
considered.
停车场的通风按当地规定。但是，每小时 6 次或根据一氧化碳含量换气要有保证。应考虑变
速驱动。
2.2.3.12. Life Safety Systems 救生系统
The following protective systems are to be included (the quantities stated for each life safety system
as per NFPA codes. Actual quantities should be as local codes dictate). See also separate section 7
on Life Safety Systems later in this guide.
下列保护系统应包括进去（按 NFPA 的规定的救生系统量，实际量按地方规定）。参阅本指
南第 7 章节救生系统。
2.2.3.12.1
Atrium Smoke Exhaust 门厅烟雾排放
Whenever building design includes an atrium, smoke exhaust fans shall be provided in order to
remove the smoke from the atrium to the atmosphere.
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只要建筑物设计里有门厅，就要配备排放烟雾的风机将烟雾从门厅驱向大气。
Smoke exhaust fans shall remove air from the top of the atrium. Atria with a volume of less than
17,000m³ are to have a smoke exhaust at the ceiling capable of exhausting 6 air changes/hr. If
volume exceeds 17,000m³, 4 air changes/hr shall be required. The volume of the atrium shall
include the atrium volume proper as well as that of the adjacent spaces, which are open to the
atrium.
排烟扇从门厅房顶将烟雾排出。小于 17,000 立米的门厅在顶棚要有一个能排除每小时 6 次
的空气交换。如果体积超过 17,000 立米，需要每小时 4 次空气交换。门厅体积包括门厅和
相邻空间。
Fifty percent of the exhaust air volume shall be supplied at the lowest floor of the atrium.
排出总量的 50%应供应到门厅底层。
Activation of the smoke exhaust fans shall be by smoke detectors within the atrium and adjacent
spaces, suppression system activation or by manual fire alarm station.
排烟机的激活靠设在门厅和邻近空间的烟雾探头，激活系统以及人工火警站。
Starters for atrium exhaust fans shall be “hand-off-automatic” type with spring return.
门厅排烟扇的启动应是带弹簧的自动型。
2.2.3.12.2
Stair Pressurisation (IHG AP does not generally require stairwell pressurization for buildings under
25 meters unless required by local authorities.)
楼梯增压（IHG AP 对 25 米以下楼房一般不要求楼梯井压力传送除非地方上要求。）
Where required stair pressurisation system should be designed to maintain .10 kPA static pressure
(or as local regulations dictate) in the stairwell with all doors closed. With the three (3) doors
furthest from the point where the pressurisation air is introduced into the stair enclosure open, the
system should be capable of maintaining .013kPA static pressure (or as local regulations dictate).
If unable to maintain static pressure with the doors open, the minimum velocity through the door
openings should be 2.03m/sec.
楼梯增压系统的设计要能维持楼梯井所有的门关闭时 10 千帕静压（或按地方规定）。当离
承压空气引入点最远处的三个门开启时，系统要能维持.013 千帕静压（或按地方规定）。如
果门开时不能维持静压，通过开启的门的最低风速应为 2.03 米/秒。
In order to achieve these conditions, the system should be designed as follows:
为达到以上条件，系统应如是设计：
In stairwells serving buildings twelve (12) floors or less in height, the pressurisation air should be
introduced at a single point at the top or the bottom of the stairwell. When the stairwell is thirteen
(13) floors or greater in height, the air should be introduced at two locations, one at the top of the
stairwell and the other located at the bottom or two-thirds of the way down from the top. The fan
type best suited for this type of service is a manually adjustable pitch vane axial fan.
当建筑物楼层低于 12 层时，压力传送的空气应从楼梯井顶部或底部一处引入。楼梯井高于
13 层时，空气从两处引入，一处在顶部，另一处在底部或从顶部朝下三分之二途中。最好
的泵型是手动可调叶片间距轴流泵
The fan or fans should be sized to deliver a minimum of 11,325 l/sec plus an additional 141.5l/sec
per door to account for leakage.
风机大小应能至少送风每秒 11325 升加上每座门每秒 141.5 升的漏风。
Relief vents must be provided form the stair enclosure into the building to maintain the desired
static pressure when the doors are closed. Each relief vent should be provided with a barometric
backdraft damper and fire damper or fire dampers in accordance with local code requirements. The
total area required for the relief vent assembly can be determined using the following formula:
从楼梯井到楼宇要配备通气孔以维持门关闭时必要的静压。每个通气孔上要按地方规定配备
回排风阀压力计和防火档板。用下列公式计算通气孔的组合面积：
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Total Area = Total Pressurisation Supply Air - Total Leakage Air
3.8m/sec x 1000
总面积=（总压力传送量-总漏风量）/ 3.8 米/秒*1000
In addition to the relief vent openings, the stair enclosure should be provided with an automatically
controlled emergency relief vent with a louvre and automatic damper directly to the outdoors. The
emergency relief or relief’s in the case of two fans should be located at the furthest point or points
form the input of the pressurisation supply air. The size of this opening should be 5.1 sqcm per
cubic meter of stairwell volume. The damper shall be normally closed and open automatically when
subjected to a temperature of 57°C or to a rise at the rate of 10°C per minute.
除了通气孔，楼梯井应配备自动控制的紧急通气口，由百页窗和自动档板直接送到户外。由
两台风机组成的紧急释放口应设在离压力供风口最远点。开口的大小应为楼梯井体积每立米
5.1 平方厘米。风阀通常关闭，当温度达到 57oC 时或升温率为每秒 10oC 时自动打开。
In lieu of providing the emergency relief, a stair pressurisation fan capable of reversing its direction
may be installed. The control for the fan in the exhaust mode (reversing switch) shall be located at
the Fire Command Centre
在备有紧急疏散的场所，要安装一台逆向的楼梯增压风机。
Note: it should be noted that the successful operation of any stair pressurisation system is
dependant on the proper construction of the stair enclosure. Stair enclosures must be relatively
airtight, the space between the bottom of the doors and the sill plate must not exceed .95cm.
注：应注意楼梯增压系统的成功运转有赖于楼梯井的恰当建造。楼梯井应当相对密闭，门下
端同底板的空隙不得超过 0.95 厘米。
A smoke detector is to be installed in the intake of each fan. Action shall be to shut off the fan
when smoke is sensed. Smoke detectors are to be provided under electrical.
在每台风机进口处安装一只烟雾探头。当有烟感时能关闭风机。烟雾探头是电动的。
Activation of the stair pressurisation fan shall be by smoke detectors in corridors, suppression
system activation or by manual fire alarm station.
激活楼梯增压系统靠在走廊里的烟雾探头，激活系统或人工报警点
Starters for stair pressurisation fans shall be “hand off automatic” type with spring return.
楼梯增压风机的启动应是带弹簧的自动型。
2.2.3.12.3
Guest Corridor Smoke Exhaust 客房走廊排烟
In countries that require this, a vent riser shall be located as centrally as possible within each zone
of the guest corridor. Mechanical exhaust fan(s) shall be located on the roof. Fire dampers shall be
positioned behind exhaust grille(s) on each floor.
在有此需要的国家，通风口应安放在客房走廊每个区的中央。机械排风扇应放在顶上。防火
阀应放在每层排气隔栅的后面。
The required air changes are six times the volume of the largest corridor. The system can be
combined with the general exhaust. Automatic actuators open the dampers of the affected corridor
and close all others. Supply air must be shut off.
气体置换量是最大走廊量的六倍。本系统可以同总系统合并。自动激励器开启受影响走廊的
风阀并关闭其他的风阀。供气必须切断。
Activation of the system shall be by smoke detectors within any corridor, which shall start the
fan(s), starters for guest corridor exhaust fans shall be “hand off automatic” type with spring return.
系统由任一个走廊的烟雾探头来激活，开动风扇。客房走廊的排烟扇的启动应是带弹簧的自
动型。
2.2.3.12.4
Air Handling Systems Life Safety Requirements 空气调节系统的救生需求
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
A photoelectric type smoke detector (supplied under the electrical section and installed by this
section) shall be located in the suction side of each:
光电型烟雾探头（电器节讲供货，本节讲安装）应安放在下列各处的吸收一侧：
- supply fan 供气风扇
- return fan 回风风扇
- exhaust fan (except kitchen grease hood exhaust and laundry exhaust, where high temperature
heat detectors are required).
排气扇（不包括厨房油污罩和洗衣房的排放，在那里需要高温热探头）。
When an alarm condition is sensed, the detector shall shut the system off and indicate an alarm
condition at the smoke detector panel. System keyed override shall be located in fire control room.
发生警报时探头应关闭系统，并在烟雾探头控制板上显示警报。系统主要的过载仪表应安放
在火灾控制室。
2.2.3.12.5
Life Safety Alarm Panel Interface 救生警报控制板的接口
The BMS shall interface with the lift safety alarm panel described in the electrical section. The
interface shall be provided and installed by this section. See section 7 for life safety interfaces.
楼宇管理系统同救生警报控制板的连接在电器节叙述。
2.2.3.13. Ductwork 管道工程
All ductwork, except where otherwise specified, should be in conformance with acceptable international
standards.
除有特殊规定，所有管道要和同公认的国际标准接轨。
A 25mm diameter test hole with removable seal should be provided on the entering and leaving side of
each heating coil, in the discharge duct of each fan and in each main branch duct.
在每个热盘管的进出口，风机的排水管，重要的支管都应配备直径为 25 毫米的带可拆封口的调
试孔。
Access doors as specified in article ‘access doors’ should be provided in the ducts for access to fusible
link dampers, acoustic louvre dampers or other controls.
如下节所述，在管道应配备作业窗口以便作业保险连接风阀，音响百页窗风阀或其他控制，
Al hanger inserts should be of the type as approved and described in article ‘Hangers/Supports’.
吊架应为‘吊架和支架’一节所批准和描述的类型
2.2.3.14. Access Doors 作业口
Provide raised access doors and frames to permit inspection, operation and maintenance of all valves,
controls, fire dampers, automatic controls dampers, filters, bearing, traps or other apparatus concealed
within the ductwork systems. All such doors in insulated ducts should be double panel insulated of not
less than 2-mm, galvanised steel. All access doors should have sponge rubber gaskets around their
entire perimeter and be held in place with cliplock fasteners.
为了视察、运行、养护所有阀门、控制器、防火挡、自动控制风阀、过滤器、轴承和管道工程
有关的构件，需要作业口和支架。隔热管道中的作业口都应是双层隔热、厚度不小于 2 毫米的
镀锌钢板。作业口四围应有海棉橡胶衬垫并用紧固器夹牢。
Access doors into ducts should in general be 450mm x 450mm or larger, except where duct sizes
prohibit. Access doors should be located every 3 metres, this is to facilitate cleaning of ductwork.
管道的作业口一般大于 450 毫米 x 450 毫米，除非管子尺寸不允许。作业口每 3 米一个以方便管
道工程的保洁。
2.2.3.15. Dampers 风阀
Volume control dampers should be at the quadrant type of heavy construction, pivoted to turn easily and
provided with approved operating and locking devices, mounted an the outside of the duct in an
accessible place. Multi-blade volume control dampers should be provided in all ducts above 1000mm x
300mm or equivalent.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
流量控制风阀应当是重型扇面型的，易于中轴旋转并在管子外部易操作的部位配备有运行和锁
定设施。 多页流量控制风阀应当配备在 1000 毫米 x300 毫米以上的管子上。
Fire dampers should be installed in all ducts (except kitchen extract system) piercing the fire rated shaft
walls or floors. Fire dampers must comply with service department requirements.
防火风阀应安装在除厨房排放系统以外的所有穿过火警炉墙或地板的管子上，防火风阀要符合
运行部门的要求。
2.2.3.16. Flexible Connections 软接头
Fan connections, both at inlet and discharge, should be made with flexible material so as to prohibit the
transfer vibration from fans to ductwork connecting thereto. Flexible connections should be made with
flame retardant, vinyl coated, woven fibreglass fabric.
风机进出口的接头要用柔软材料做成以限止振动从风机传向与之连接的管道。软接头应由不易
燃的、乙烯外包的、布纹玻璃纤维织物制作。
The flexible connections should be approximately 150mm long and held in place with heavy metal
bands or double hemlock security attached so to prevent any leakage.
软接头应约为 150 毫米长，固定在重金属弯头或双重折边以防泄漏。
Temperature rating of flexible connectors should be suitable for rating of fan.
软接头的温度认定应适合风机的认定。
2.2.3.17. Grilles, Registers and Diffusers 格栅、登记板和扩散器
All grilles, registers and diffusers should be furnished with matt enamel finish. Colour should be as
selected and approved by IHG. All volume controls exposed to view should be painted black.
格栅、登记板和扩散器应在抛光完成前装好。颜色由 IHG 选择和确定。所有暴露在外的流量控
制都要漆成黑色的。
A schedule should be prepared and samples submitted of all grilles, registers and diffusers before they
are ordered for installation. The schedule should clearly indicate all sizes, model numbers, volume
throws and other physical characteristics as appropriate.
格栅、登记板和扩散器的样本和草图在下达安装命令前都要准备好。草图上要清楚标出所有的
尺寸、编号、体积和其他物理特性。
All side wall outlets should have individually adjustable horizontal face bars and vertical rear bars.
Except for guest rooms, all air supply outlets should be fitted with opposed blade dampers or as
approved.
所有的边墙出口要有独立的可调节的水平面板和垂直的里板。除客房以外，所有的供气口都要
有对折叶片风阀或其他认可的东西。
All return and exhaust grilles and registers should be of the fixed horizontal bar type to match supply
grilles and should be provided with integral opposed blade dampers.
所有回风和排气格栅和登记板是固定水平板型以对应供气格栅和应当配备组合的对折叶片。
2.2.3.18. Acoustic Treatment 噪音处理
Where required to produce acceptable sound levels, conventional supply ductwork and return ductwork
should be installed with acoustic linings or attenuation.
凡是对音响水平有要求的地方，供气管和折返管安装时要有隔音衬里或消声。
Required length of acoustic treatment should be reviewed and established by a qualified acoustic
consultant.
噪音处理的长度应由有资质的音响顾问审查和确立。
2.2.3.19. Hangers/Supports 吊架和支架
All hangers and supports for ductwork, except where otherwise specified, should be in conformance
with acceptable international standards.
所有管道吊架和支架，除有特殊规定之外，应当同公认的国际标准接轨。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.2.4
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环保和节能
Fans should not be selected on the basis of manufacturer’s ‘nominal’ ratings. Each such piece of
equipment must be examined from the standpoint of noise production and maximum efficiency at the
selected operating level. For this purpose, the operating curves of the equipment must be made available
to the design engineer.
风机不能按制造商的铭牌标准来选择。每一种设备都要从选定的运行水平时生产噪音和最大效
率角度进行检验。为此，应让设计工程师知道设备的运行曲线
Centrifugal fans should be of the non-overloading type fan wheels should have backwardly curved or
air-foil blades.
离心风机不能超载，风机转轮应有后向或机翼叶片。
Variable speed drives should be installed on all motors over 4KW. NEMA premium efficiency motors
should be used on all fans and pumps.
所有超过 4 千瓦的电机需安装变速驱动器。所有的风机和泵需安装国际电气制造协会（NEMA）
优质高效电机。
2.2.5
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和调试
General 一般要求
The ease with which systems may be commissioned is often dependent on the level of planning that
occurs at the design stage and the standards to which the works are executed.
系统实行试运行的难易常常取决于设计阶段计划的水平和执行什么样的标准。
Particular attention should be paid to the following:要特别注意以下各点：

The selection of ductwork components, configuration and layout which ensure that the system is as
inherently stable and self balancing as possible
管道工程组件、配置和布局以保证系统牢固、平稳和能够自行平衡。

The selection of fans with duty points on a stable part of the fan curve and capable of producing
between 110 and 115% of the design flow against the estimated index branch resistance 风机选在风机
曲线稳定段并能产生设计流量的 110%到 115%以抵消估算的支线阻力。

Good ductwork design and installation
优良的设计和安装

Having the correct type of damper in the necessary positions. Grille and diffuser dampers should not be
used for any purpose other than fine adjustment of terminal volume flow rates
在需要的位置有正确型号的风阀。格栅和扩散器不得用于除微调终端风量以外的其他目的。

Adequate space for access to all plant and equipment
为机器和设备的作业留足通道。

Careful consideration of the siting of test holes in ductwork and the provision of ductwork configuration
that facilitates accurate flow rate measurement.
仔细考虑调试孔在管道中的的位置，以及管道配置规定以便于正确测量流量。
DOCUMENTATION 文件
The Commissioning Specialist should make a written report, including certification, where applicable, at
each and every stage of the commissioning procedure with the assistance from the specialist manufactures
commissioning staff.
试运行专家应在试运行过程的每一个阶段，在制造专家试运行组协助下，写出报告，包括可能的
证件，
These should include the following:-报告应包括以下内容
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING











System design commissioning report
系统设计试运行报告
Post installation report
安装报告
System Cleanliness report
保洁报告
System commissioning report
系统试运行报告
Pre-commissioning check lists
试运行前检查表
Electrical inspection report
电气视察报告
Electrical motor and controls performance records
电动机和控制器性能记录
Setting to work check lists
工作安排列表
Plant performance test sheets
机器性能调试表
Distribution System balance test sheets
分配系统平衡调试表
Environmental condition records
环保条件记录
The commissioning specialist should submit to the Designer, for approval, sample documentation,
indicating style and content with the method statement.
试运行专家应向设计者提交说明方法、格式和内容的文件样本供审批
Commissioning Report 试运行报告
Once commissioning has been completed the Designer should present a final commissioning report to the
Client.
经过试运行之后设计者应向客户提交最终试运行报告
2.2.6
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护
Three sets of operating and maintenance instruction manuals covering completely equipment starting
sequences, operation, maintenance, automatic controls and listing of all spare parts shall be furnished to
IHG. In additional, one set of operating and maintenance instructions for each mechanical equipment
and fan room shall be neatly laminated in permanently translucent plastic and hung where directed.
Three sets of lubricating charts and manuals for each item of equipment shall be furnished to IHG.
应向 IHG 提供三套运行和维护手册，完整的包含设备的启动顺序、运行、维护、自控和备件
表。一套说明机械设备和风机房的运行和维护的指南简洁地做成半透明塑料片挂在指定的地
方。三套关于设备的每个项目的润滑卡和手册应提交给 IHG。
2.2.7
SPARE PARTS 备件
The engineer shall specify a requirement for spare parts to be furnished by the HVAC contractor. The
number and type of spare parts shall relate to the type of equipment specified and to the availability of a
supply. The following list represents a minimum standard. The engineer shall enlarge upon this list as
required by local conditions.
工程师应向暖风空调承包商指定备件的要求。备件的数量和类型应和设备类型相关并且易于供
应。下表是最低的标准。工程师应根据当地条件增加内容或数量。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Equipment 设备
Local Manufacturer 当地生产
Imported 进口
HVAC Units
1 set belts for each unit, 10%
filter replacement each size
暖通空调单元
每个单元一套带子，更换 10%
的各种尺寸过滤器
1 set belts for each unit, 1 adjustable
shelf for each unit, 20% filter
replacement each size.
每个单元一套带子，一只架子，
每种尺寸过滤器更换 20%
HVAC Control
暖通空调控制
5% thermostat replacement
更换 5%的恒温器
10% thermostat replacement
更换 10%的恒温器
All HVAC starters
所有暖通空调启动器
1 set contacts each type
每种类型一套接触器
2 set contacts each type
每种类型 2 套接触器
tractors and relays
1 magnetic coil each type, 1%
heater replacement
收缩物和继电器
每种类型一只磁回路，更换
1%的加热器
2 magnetic coils each type, 2 heater
replacement, 2% pilot light
replacement
每种类型 2 只磁回路，更换 2 只
加热器，更换 2%指示灯
Insulation
隔热
2% replacement each type
每种类型更换 2%
5% replacement each type and size
每种类型和尺寸更换 5%
Central control panels
None
中央控制台
无
10% replacement pilot light and
switches.
更换 10%的指示灯和开关
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.3
BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM / BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM
楼宇管理系统/楼宇自动化系统
2.3.1.
GENERAL 综述
A building management system (BMS) is required by IHG. The operators workstation and associated
equipment shall be located in the Engineering control room. Building automation and control systems
shall control and/or monitor systems such as air handling units, chillers, boilers, pumps, cooling towers,
elevators and miscellaneous electrical and plumbing points.
IHG 需要楼宇管理系统（BMS）。运行者工作站和辅助设备应安放在工程控制室。楼宇自动化
和控制系统要控制和监测的系统有：空气调节单元、冷冻机、锅炉、各种泵、冷却塔、电梯和
各种各样水电点。
Automatic controls must be provided for all public and hotel systems. A totally direct digital control
(DDC) system with electric actuation of control valves and dampers is the preferred type. A DDC
system utilising pneumatic control of valves and dampers is not acceptable.
所有公众和酒店系统都应配备自动控制。最优先的类型是带有电传动控制阀和风阀的总数码控
制系统（DDC）。不接受采用空压控制阀门和风阀的 DDC 系统
There shall be preference to systems, which support open protocol, ie, BACNET.
支持 BACNET 协议的系统将被优先考虑。
2.3.2.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
2.3.2.1. General 综述
The building management and control system shall control and/or monitor the following systems:
楼宇管理和控制系统控制和监测下列系统：

Air handling systems: including, but not limited to, single and multiple zone 100% outdoor air
ventilation systems, and constant and variable volume air conditioning systems. All fan coil units, those
in guest rooms and other rooms.
空气调节系统：包括，但不限于，单区或多区的 100%的室外通风系统和定量、变量空调系
统。客房和其他房间的风机盘管单元。

Central utility plant: including chillers, boilers, chilled and condenser water pumps, cooling towers, etc.
(Note: Chillers and boilers shall be provided with their own operating controls. Interface points shall be
provided for remote monitoring and setpoint adjustment via BMS system).
中央使用机器：冷冻机、锅炉、冷冻和冷却水泵等等（注：冷冻机和锅炉有各自的运行控
制。接入点应能由 BMS 系统遥测和调整设置）。

Plumbing/fire protection: miscellaneous monitoring and alarm points as described herein and in the
Plumbing Standard
管子工/防火：本文和管子工标准提到的各种各样的监测和警报点

Electrical: miscellaneous monitoring and alarm points, corridor, back-of-house and exterior lighting
control as described in the Electrical section of the IHG engineering standard.
电气：如 IHG 工程标准电气章节所描述的各种监测和警报点，走廊、房后、室外照明控制。

Elevators: alarm point monitoring as described in the elevator section of the IHG engineering standard
电梯：见 IHG 工程标准电梯节所描述的警报点监测。

Refrigeration/Cold Rooms/Deep Freezers: Remote temperature indication.
冰冻/冷房/冰柜：遥测温度。

Submetering: each electrical metering point as described in the Electrical section of the IHG
engineering standard.
分表；电表点见 IHG 工程标准电气节
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
Water and Gas Flow Metering: each water and gas flow metering point as described in the Plumbing
section of the IHG engineering standard.
水表和瓦斯表：水表和瓦斯表设置点见 IHG 工程标准有关管道章节。
Automatic controls must be provided for all public and hotel space systems. Sensors should, generally, be located in the spaces they control. Return air sensors are only to be used where specified
herein, or as approved by IHG.
在所有的公众和酒店的空间系统都要配备自动控制。一般来说，传感器应当安放在他们控制
的地方。回收空气的传感器只有当特别规定或 IHG 批准的地方才用。
All building automation equipment and automatic controls should be the responsibility of one
manufacturer.
所有楼宇自动化设备和自动控制应由同一个制造商负责。
Guest room fan coil unit valves controls and thermostats shall be electric. Visible thermometers and
numeric setting points are not to be provided on thermostats. Where economically feasible,
consideration should be given to monitor and control guest room fan coil units via the central BMS
system, and interface the system with the Front Office Management Information System. The BMS
system energy conservation software should start/stop the fan coil units monitor space temperature,
and fan alarms and adjust thermostat set points of each fan coil unit based on check-out and checkin information transmitted from the Management Information System. Start/stop and set point
override capability should be provided within the guest rooms for hotel staff.
客房风机盘管单元阀门和恒温器应当是电动的。恒温器并不配备可视的温度计和众多的设置
点。只要经济可行，应当考虑通过中央 BMS 系统监测和控制客房风机盘管单元，并将系统
的节口同管理信息系统的前方办公室连接。BMS 系统的节能软件应启动/停止风机盘管单元
监测温度，风机警报和按照管理信息系统传递的客人退房和入住信息调整风机盘管单元的恒
温器设置点。酒店职员要能启动/停止和设置客房超载点。
Fan coil units should be provided with unit mounted digital controllers. The controller should be
capable of being connected to a communication network for remote control and monitoring.
Interlocks with window positions should also be considered in tropical and subtropical countries.
风机盘管单元要配备数码控制器。控制器要同通讯网络连接以便遥控，在热带和亚热带国家
要考虑窗户联锁的监测
Temperature controls should operate at a suitably low, DC voltage through a transformer located on
the unit. Each unit should be complete with modulating valves with electromagnetic actuator. The
temperature sensor should be located in the room device. Where possible, the siting should be
obvious and not subject to direct solar radiation (refer to typical room layout).
温度的控制应通过单元的变压器直流低压运行。每个单元应和带电磁驱动器的编码阀做在一
起。温度传感器应安放在房间设施中。只要有可能，起居处要醒目不能直接受太阳辐射（见
典型房间布置）。
Automatic control of the unit should be arranged with a ‘dead zone’ to prevent simultaneous
heating and cooling within any single space served. Radiators for baseload heating in front of
windows should be integrated into the fan coil controls.
单元的自动控制要安排一个‘死区’以防止在单独地方同时加热和制冷。窗户前面底热用的
辐射器应当组合进风机盘管控制。
The wall mounted controller should incorporate the three (3) speed control, off and automatic
(auto-off-1-2-3) switch, a liquid crystal display of room temperature, and temperature control,
adjusted to 23°C +/- 3°C, and should be located as indicated in the standard room layouts enclosed.
墙体安装的控制器应同（三速控制、断开、自动）（自动-断开-1-2-3）开关组合在一起。房
间温度的液晶显示，将温度调整到 23oC+/-3oC 的温度控制，应当按房间布置标准安放。
The controller facia should not incorporate a backlight to avoid nightime disturbance of guests.
控制器仪表板不能装背灯以免夜间干扰客人。
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Under its normal, manual mode of operation the unit should run on medium speed (assuming this is
the speed at which the units meets its design loads), although guests will be able to switch the unit
to high or low speed.
在正常运行时，单元应当中速运行（设定为达到设计负荷的速度），虽然客人会将单元速度
调高或调低。
Under automatic control the fan should operate on medium speed and maintain desired room
temperature by modulating the control valves.
在自动控制下风机应当中速运行并通过控制阀的调整保持适宜的室温。
The fan coil unit should be selected so that adequate access is provided to the side on which the
valve package and controller are located. Similarly, the unit should not penetrate the wall between
the vestibule and the bathroom. The designer should ensure that all parties involved in the project
pay due attention to sealing of the return air plenum from which the fan coil unit is to draw the
recirculation air.
应当选择这样的风机盘管单元，即在阀门包和控制器一侧有足够的作业空间。同样的，单元
不得穿透前厅和浴室的隔墙。设计者应当确保设计的各方都注意封闭风机盘管单元用于循环
的回收空气。
Complete shop drawings are to be submitted for approval by the design engineer prior to starting
field installation. Such drawings should give a complete description of all equipment, controls,
operating sequences, control wiring diagrams, etc. Finish of all room sensors should be subject to
approval of IHG.
在现场安装之前，整套图件要提交设计工程师批准。图件要有设备、控制、运行顺序、控制
线路图等等的完整说明。房间传感器的完工要有 IHG 的批准。
After completion of the automation and control installation, the manufacturer should regulate and
adjust all sensors, control valves, damper motors, etc, and place the entire system into complete
operating condition subject to the approval of the Owner's representative(s). Complete instruction
should be given to the operating personnel.
自动化和控制安装完毕，制造商应调整和调试所有的传感器、控制阀、风阀电动机等等并将
整个系统置于完全运行状态由业主代表批准。整套指南应交给操作人员。
2.3.2.2. BMS Equipment 楼宇管理系统设备
An operator’s work station located in the Engineer's Control Room or as directed, shall function as the
primary means of overall system control and monitoring. The following components shall be mounted on
the console:
操作员工作站应放在工程师控制室或指定的地方其作用是系统控制和监测的主要手段。下列部件
应安装在控制台上：






PC based network computer
PC 网络计算机
Colourgraphic monitor
彩色监视器
Logging and alarm, receive only printer
记录和警报，只收打印机
Report generation printer
书写打印机
External modem
外设调制解调器
Desk mounted direct line telephone for communications with the life safety system personnel.
通向救生系统人员的台式直通电话机
The network computer shall use the latest windows operating system and the fastest and largest hard drive
available on the market. It shall have the capacity for modem connection.
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网络计算机应安装最新的 windows 操作系统，最大最快的硬盘。能用于连接调制解调器的容量
。
There will be significant upgrading of equipment required to match the progress in BMS technology.
The latest equipment must be purchased in all cases.
随着 BMS 系统工艺的进步，设备要显著升级。任何情况下都应当购买最新的设备。
Audio tone generator to activate on reception of an alarm. Audio tone should be capable of being
enabled or disabled on operator command.
收到警报时应激活音响器。音响器要能按操作员的指令启用或撤消。
Network computer keyboard, mouse and monitor should be the primary means of operator access to the
system. They will provide the operator interface for control of the entire system. Hard copy of the
display will be transferred at the operator’s request to the alarm and logging printer. To communicate
with the direct digital control system, the operator shall input via the keyboard or mouse a command
along with a proper identification of the system.
网络计算机的键盘，鼠标、显示器是操作员对系统作业的主要手段。应为操作员配备为控制整
个系统的接口。打印件按照操作员的要求传给警报和记录打印机。同直接数码控制系统通信，
操作员应在键盘上或利用鼠标输入指令和系统识别符。
Receive only printer should be provided for all hard copy output, including alarm reporting, system
logging and program development.
包括警报报告、系统记录、程序开发等的打印件输出要配备只收打印机。
This printer should be capable of colour coded output, indicating the priority of each print out, ie, red
for alarm signals.
这种打印机要能输出彩色字符，突显输出字符的优先，例如红色代表警报。
The printer shall be capable of supporting the software installed.
打印机要支持安装的软件。
A digital display clock should display on the monitor at all times. Provision for manually resetting it
shall be provided. It should be a 24-hour real time clock and seven-day calendar to provide data for
logging.
数码显示时钟应随时呈显在显示屏上，应允许人工调整时间。它应当是 24 小时实时时钟及周历
以便作记录。
The network computer shall be capable of remote communication through a dedicated auto dial-out/auto
answer dial in modem.
网络计算机应能通过自动拨号、自动应答解调器实行远程通讯。
The external modem should be Hayes compatible, and shall be capable of interface with the network
computer through a standard EIA RS232-C connection. Speed/data communication rate shall be 56
Kbps minimum. An operator accessing the system via a modem shall be capable of executing all
commands permissible by his access level. Modem communication shall at no time interfere with the
operation and performance of the network computer or the direct digital field control units.
外接的调制解调器要同 Hayes 兼容，通过标准接头 EIA RS232-C 同网络计算机连接。速度至少
为 56K 字节。用调制解调器在系统上作业的操作员必须会执行各种指令。解调器同网络计算机
和工地直接数码控制单元运行和性能的通讯联络不得中断。
Software passwords shall allow automatic functions of the system to continue, but prevent unauthorized
tampering with any keyboard push buttons while the network computer is unattended. This shall not
disable the scanning or alarming functions. When the network computer is in operation, it shall
continuously store in memory alarm functions transmitted from the local direct digital control (DDC)
units regardless of what software programmes are currently operating. On a loss of power to the
network computer or communication with the DDC units, the DDC units shall store their respective
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alarm function in memory. On return of power and communication, the DDC units shall transmit their
alarms to the network computer.
软件密码允许系统的自动功能继续但防止网络计算机无人时非授权的损害性击键。这样做不应
招致扫描或警报功能的撤消。当网络计算机运作时，不管当前运作的是什么程序，必须不断储
存从当地直接数码控制（DDC）发过来的警报功能。为了防止网络计算机断电或中断同 DDC 的
联络，DDC 本身应当储存有关的警报功能。恢复供电和通讯后，DDC 应当将他们的警报传送给
网络计算机。
The network computer keyboard and colour-graphic flat screen display shall be the primary means of
operator access to the system. Providing the operator interface for the entire system.
网络计算机的键盘和彩色平面显示器是操作员的系统操作的主要手段。要给操作员提供整个系
统的所有接口。
Network computer software should be user friendly and run under the latest revisions of Windows
software, with pull-down menus, pop-up windows, on-line help, etc.
网络计算机软件必须是用户友好并在 WINDOWS 最新版本下运行，要有下拉菜单、突显窗口、
在线帮助等等。
Network computer software should include a fully implemented and operational colour graphic software
package, which shall minimise the use of a typewriter style keyboard through the use of a mouse. The
software package should contain a library of standard symbols and templates of typical configurations,
which should be used for the owner/operator, generated graphics. A graphic should provided for each
system, indicating all field devices with dynamic data displayed. In addition a graphic should be
provided for each floor plan indicating room temperatures. Alarm conditions should be indicated by a
change in colour of the equipment in alarm. Each graphic shall indicate if a system is in manual or
automatic mode.
网络计算机的软件应包括彩色制图软件包，它能用鼠标，少用键盘。软件包应包括标准符号集
合和典型配置模块，业主/操作员可以用来制图。每个系统要有一张图，表明所有的现场设施和
显示动态数据。此外，每一楼层要有一张图，标明房间温度。报警的设备要改变颜色表示有
警。每张图都要标出该系统是人工还是自动模式。
Network computer software should include operator definable report generation. Reports shall include,
but not be limited to, energy usage, alarm status, trend logs, and point status.
网络计算机应包括操作员生成报告软件。报告应包括，但不限于，能源利用、警报状态、趋势
记录和点状态。
Network computer software should include user pages, which allow an operator to define technical
equipment data sheets, create messages, define maintenance instructions, etc.
网络计算机软件应包括用户页，以便操作员定义技术设备表，生成信息、定义维护指示等等。
Network computer software shall contain a trend logging feature consisting of:
网络计算机软件应包含趋势记录特征包括：

Operator selected variables (eg, temperatures) displayed simultaneously or individually with operator
adjustable parameters.
操作员选择的变量如温度以操作员可调节的参数同时或单独显示。

Operator adjustable time intervals (15 seconds, 1 minute, 1 hour, daily, monthly).
操作员可调整的时间间隔（15 秒、1 分、1 小时、每日、每月）

Continuous storage of totalized points or groups for archive on hard disk.
在硬盘上将汇总点或组不断存档
The DDC system shall consist of a network of microprocessor based direct digital control units. Each
DDC unit shall perform all specified control and monitoring functions independently. Failure of one
control unit shall have no effect upon any other unit in the network. The DDC units shall communicate
with each other and a network computer located at the operator workstation.
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DDC 系统由基于微处理机的直接数码控制单元网络组成。每个 DDC 单元应独立行使特定的控
制和监测功能。某一个控制的故障不应对网络中其他控制产生影响。DDC 单元之间应互相联
系，网络计算机安放在操作员工作室
Communications between the DDC units and the network computer shall be by way of a network communications cable.
DDC 单元，网络计算机之间的联络靠网络联络电缆。
The operator, through the network computer, shall have the ability to monitor DDC application and
sensor data, override set points and schedules, set and reset control points and download programmes to
the local DDC units. The network computer is to be furnished fully programmed and debugged.
操作员通过网络计算机应能监视 DDC 的应用，传感数据、超载设置点和计划表，设置和重设置
控制点，下载程序到地方 DDC 单元。网络计算机要完全程序化和清除错误。
Field monitoring and control for the DDC system shall be by stand-alone field programmable,
microprocessor based DDC units, which shall provide the following:
DDC 系统在现场的监视和控制要靠在现场的程序化的，基于微处理器的 DDC 单元，他们要保
证：

Monitoring and control of the facility automation and control systems
监视和控制设施的自动化和控制系统

Specified software functions
特定的软件功能

Specified energy management functions
特定的能源管理功能
Each direct DDC unit should control, a maximum three (3) central air conditioning systems. In addition,
direct DDC units should be dedicated to the chilled water, condenser water and hot water systems. The
system should be configured so that the loss of a control unit will not result in loss of an entire system for
those systems associated with the chilled water, condenser water and hot water systems. Where this
arrangement cannot be implemented, additional DDC units should be provided as required. The DDC
control units should be located in the Mechanical Equipment Room.
每座直接 DDC 单元应控制不多于三套中央空调系统。此外直接 DDC 单元还要用于冷却水、冷
凝水和热水系统。系统应配置成整个系统不应因某一控制单元的故障而导致整个系统对连接冷
却水、冷凝水和热水系统的故障。当做不到这一安排时，应按需要提供额外的 DDC 系统。DDC
控制单元应安放在机械设备室。
DDC units should be housed in a key locked metal cabinet and should have battery backup for memory
and real time clock for 72 hours minimum, with automatic restart and battery recharge.
DDC 单元应放在上锁的小间，要有备份电池和至少 72 小时的能自动重启和电池充电的实时时钟
A field programming unit, either as an integral part of the DDC control unit or as a portable hand-held
terminal, and required software shall be provided to allow programming and operator interface of field
DDC units. The operator shall be capable of performing any of the following functions:
要配备一个现场编程单元（可以是 DDC 控制单元的组成部分或手提终端）和必要的软件以便现
场 DDC 单元的编程和与操作员连接。操作员要能运作下列功能




Display the status of any point
显示任何点的状态
Change set points
改变设置点
Command points on or off, with feedback verification
命令各点开与关，带反馈确认
Enable or disable existing points
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














现有点功能的启用或撤消
Report status of all points in the system
报告系统各点的状态
Report all failed points
报告现场各点
Report all points being trended (90 minimum trend intervals)
报告各点趋势（90 分钟间隔）
Report all points being totalized
报告各点总计
Report command priority of all points
报告各点的优先指令
Report all points in alarm status
报告警报状态各点
Add a new point
增设新点
Modify an existing point
修改现有点
Remove an existing point
撤消现有点
Copy an existing point
复制现有点
Adjust control settings (proportional band reset rate, etc.)
调整控制设置（重设比例等）
Initiate energy management programs
启动能源管理程序
Define control algorithms via standard function blocks and without the knowledge of computer
language
按标准函数表，不用计算机语言，.定义控制算法
Acknowledge alarms
识别各种警报
View equipment operating time in hours
按小时观察设备运作时间
Each DDC unit or network control module should communicate with each other and the network computer
through a software "token passing" protocol. If a control unit or the network computer fails, all other
devices on the communications network shall be notified of the failure and the communications network
shall automatically adjust to reflect this failure. When the failed control unit(s) or network computer reestablishes communications, all other devices on the network shall be notified and normal
communications shall resume.
各 DDC 单元或网络控制模型间要互通信息并通过“标志通过”软件同网络计算机联络。如某一
控制单元或网络计算机出现通讯故障，应将故障通报给所有其他设施，通讯网络应自动调整反
应故障。当现场的故障控制单元或网络计算机重建通讯，所有其他设施应得到通报并恢复正常
通讯。
Communication between unitary controls should be through a peer to peer protocol or polling protocol
at a minimum speed of 9600 baud.
单元控制间的通讯应通过点对点协议或投送协议，其最低速度为 9600 波特。
The DDC units shall store system alarms in memory on loss of communication with the network
computer, or a loss of power to the network computer. When power or communication is restored, the
DDC units shall transmit the stored alarms to the network computer.
DDC 单元应将同网络计算机中断联络或断电的系统警告存储，当电力或通讯恢复后，DDC 单元
应将储存的警告传送给网络计算机。
The BMS system shall interface with the fire protection alarm panel described in the Electrical Section
of the IHG engineering standard.
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SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
楼宇管理系统应同 IHG 标准电气节叙述的防火报警平台连接。
The DDC unit shall be capable of performing the following minimum energy management functions:
DDC 单元应能完成下列能源管理功能：




Supply air reset from specific load demands
按特定的负荷要求重设供气
Economiser control
节电器控制
Optimal start using an adaptive algorithm to prevent the need for manual adjustment of parameters
用适配算法作最优化启动防止人工调整参数
100% return air start-up phase prior to physical occupancy
在有形的占有之前，100%的回收空气启动阶段




















Warm-up mode
加热模式
Cool-down mode
制冷模式
Intermediate season (dead zone) control
过度季节（死角区）的控制
VAV fan matching and supply fan control
可变风量风扇的调整和供风风扇的控制
Trending of system variables at DDC or network computer
DDC 或网络计算机系统变量的趋势
Short term data storage
短期信息储存
Totalization of system variables
系统变量的汇总
Time of day, week and holiday programming
每日、每周及假日的时间规划
Supply water reset
供水重设
Duty cycling
交接班
Adjustable staggered restart
可调整的依次启动
Client tailored programmes
客户定做的程序
Peak Demand Control for electricity and district heating where high demand charges are applied
在高电价的地方控制电力和地区加热的高峰需求
Night setback for selected heating or cooling circuits and air handlers
对选择的加热或制冷电路和空气调节器实行晚间调低
Dynamic control strategies
动态控制战略
Indoor air quality control for areas with large changes in occupancy in order to reduce outside air
requirements, eg, lobby, function rooms serving more than 100 people, etc.
对入住变化很大的地方实行室内空气质量控制以减少对室外空气的要求，例如在大堂、100 人
以上的功能厅等
Display of real time efficiency of chillers and boilers
显示冷冻机和锅炉的实时效率
Multiple chiller automatic start/stop
多重冷冻机的自动开启和关闭
Automatic control (open/close) of steam supply to laundries and kitchens
向洗衣房和厨房供应水蒸汽的自动控制（开/关）
Automatic recording of degree-days
自动记录积温
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

Guest room fan coil controls interface with front desk PMS (Property Management Systems)
客房风机盘管控制同物业管理系统（PMS）前台的连接
Pocket Paging System 随身呼叫系统
A pocket pager interface shall be provided to accept alarm signals originating from the Building
Automation System (BAS), either directly or via the building telephone system, to achieve the desired
indications on pocket pagers. The BAS provider must coordinate with the designers of the paging and/or
telephone systems to ensure the proper signals are originated and received. Each alarm signal should be
given two codes: Priority and type of trouble/equipment code.
配备随身的呼机接收楼宇自动化系统（BAS）发来的警告信号，直接或通过楼宇电话系统从记录
人那里得到需要的提示。BAS 供货商应同呼机设计者或电话系统协调以保证恰当信号的产生和接
收。每一个警告信号要有两种码：优先度和问题/设备类型码。
System Points: 系统的点
The minimum requirement for remote points, which shall be transmitted to the operator workstation for
display alarm and/or specified operation are listed herein for guidance only. Other points may be
required depending upon the intended operation of the Hotel for its location or the "System Control
Types" listed herein. Operator defined "Special Instructions" shall be simultaneously displayed with the
alarm. Number of alarms shall be recorded at the network computer by alarm type and system for
further analysis. The network computer software shall be configured so that nuisance alarms shall be
suppressed when failures occur (ie, power loss, communication loss, DDC unit malfunctions, etc.
向操作员传送警报或特殊运行信号的最少遥测点数在此列出，仅供参考。其他点视当地酒店运
行趋势或如表所列的‘系统控制类型而定。操作员确定的‘专门准则’应同警告同时显示。警
告的次数按类型和系统应在网络计算机上作记录以便作进一步分析。网络计算机的软件应配置
成当出现故障时能抑制干扰警报（例如，停电，联络中断，DDC 单元功能失调等等。
Conformance tests should be performed with actual “as-built” components and systems to the greatest
extent practical. Where “as-built” tests are not practical or where the “as-built” condition does not fully
match possible future configurations of the system as specified, a comprehensive “bench test” shall be
performed with components, subsystems, systems configurations and environments that match all
design specifications.
整合调试要用真实部件和系统以达到最大程度的符合实际。当‘真实’调试不符合实际或‘真
实’条件同系统所规定的可能的未来配制不相符合，应对符合设计规格的部件、子系统、系统
配置和环境等进行综合性的‘逐级调试’
Provide complete documentation of all component and system tests prior to Owner acceptance and
turnover of components or systems. In addition, the Owner reserves the right to review all test
objectives, test prints and test cases, and witness all preoperational tests. Provide the Owner with a
comprehensive schedule detailing the perpetration of testing documentation and the conduct of all
component or systems tests.
在业主验收和交工前提交所有部件和系统调试的全套文件。此外，业主有权视察所有的调试目
标、调试点、调试内容和试车证明。要给业主提交一张关于调试文件编写和所有部件和系统调
试行为的综合详表。
Warrant that all components, subsystems and systems will perform their specified function from the
date of turnover and commercial operation through the useful life of the systems. In the event
components fail for any reason, including Year 2000 issues, be responsible to repair, replace and
reimburse the Owner for all costs associated with the component, subsystem or system that failed to
perform the specified function.
要保证所有部件、子系统、系统从交工之日开始并在系统工作年限内进行商业运转将能合格地
完成预定的功能。
2.3.2.3. Temperature Control Devices 温度控制设施
 Automatic Control Valves 自动控制阀
All automatic control valves shall be single seated globe valves and shall have equal percentage flow
characteristics, unless specified otherwise. The valves should be quiet in operation and fail-safe in
either normally open or normally closed position in the event of control failure. All valves should be
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
capable of operating at varying rates of speed to correspond to the exact dictates of the controllers and
variable load requirements. The valves should be capable of operating in sequence when required by
the sequence of operation. All control valves shall be sized by the Control Engineer or the Contractor
and shall be guaranteed to meet the heating and cooling loads as specified. All control valves shall be
suitable for the pressure conditions and shall close against the differential pressures involved. All
control valves shall have throttling guides and renewable seats and discs. Valve operators shall be
electric spring return type, capable of a 30 second travel from full open to full close and full close to
full open. Body pressure rating and connection type (screwed or flanged) shall conform to pipe
schedule. Control valve operators shall be sized to close against a differential pressure equal to the
design pump head plus 10 percent. Where pressure and flow combinations exceed ratings for
commercial valves and operators, industrial class single seated valves and operators or double
seated valve with a maximum leakage rate of 0.1% of rated valves capacity shall be provided.
所有的控制阀都是单一的球形阀，除非有专门的规定，都有等百分比特性。运行时阀门应当
静音而且出现故障时不管处于正常开启或正常关闭位置都有自动防止故障功能。所有阀门都
应能在不同速度时运行以准确反应控制员的指令以及不同的负荷要求。阀门应能按依次运行
的要求顺序运行。所有的控制阀应由控制工程师或承包商定尺寸并应保证符合既定的供热和
制冷要求。所有的控制阀要适应承压的条件并紧密对付差分压力。所有的控制阀都应有风门
引导和可更新的阀座和阀碟。阀门操作器应是电动的弹簧回复型，从全开到全闭，又从全闭
到全开能有 30 秒的行程。阀体压力变化和连接的类型（螺旋或法兰）应符合管道计划。控
制阀的尺寸要能紧密对付等于设计气泵压头加 10%的差分压力。当压力和气流组合超过商业
阀和运行器时，应提供工业级的单座阀和运行器或其最大泄漏率是率定阀门容量的 0.1%的
双座阀。
Single seated valves shall have a maximum leakage rate of 0.01% of CV(kV) (flow coefficient).
单座阀的最大泄漏率为流量系数（CV）的 0.01%
Steam control valves should be single seated type with equal percentage flow characteristics.
Reheater and water heater valves shall be normally closed type. The valve discs should be
composition type with bronze trim for steam pressure up to 105 kPa and should be of stainless steel
for steam pressures above 105 kPa. Whenever the steam flow rate is such as to require a single
valve larger than 65 mm, there shall then be installed two valves in parallel which should operate
sequentially. Low-pressure 105 kPa steam valves shall provide tight closure at a pressure at least 70
kPa higher than the normal, maximum operating pressure.
蒸汽控制阀应是单座型等百分比特征。复热器和水热器的阀门应是正常关闭型。阀碟应是复
合型，青铜边缘耐蒸汽压力 105 千帕，不锈钢也是耐蒸汽压力 105 千帕。当蒸汽流量大到需
要单阀直径超过 65 毫米时，应平行安装两台阀依次运行。105 千帕以下低压汽阀应能当压
力比正常、最大运行压力高出 70 千帕时保持紧密。
Hot water control valves shall be single seated type with equal percentage flow characteristics.
When used on reheaters, they should be as specified under system control types. The valve discs
should be composition type with bronze trim.
热水控制阀应是单座型等百分比流量特征。用在复热器上时，应符合系统控制类型规定。阀
碟是都青铜边的复合型。
Fan coil unit water control valves should be flare fitting motorized valves. Control valves for dual
temperature operation should include a built-in aquastat. Valves should be furnished complete with
flare nuts. Manufacturer should furnish ten spare valves.
风机盘管单元的水控阀门应是电动型阀门。双重温度运行的控制阀应有内装的水温调节器。
阀门应和喇叭口螺帽一起安装。制造商应准备 10 座备用阀。

Motorized Valves 电动阀门
All motorized valves, where shown on the drawings or specified herein, shall be high performance
butterfly type with lug ends. Motorized valves used in on/off services shall be furnished with electric
piston operators, and open and closed limit switches. Valves should fail in their last position upon loss
of electric power. Motorized valves used in modulating services should have electric spring return
actuators. Valve body shall be carbon steel with 316 stainless disc, 17-4 pH stainless shaft. Seat and
seal material should be Teflon. The valves shall be provided with speed control devices (adjustable) to
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
prevent the valve from too rapid a closure rate. Body pressure rating and connection type construction
shall conform to fitting and valve schedules. The electric operator shall be provided with an external
position indicator. Valves shall be full-bodied, full lug type only (wafer type or semi-lugged valves will
not be permitted). Valves should be bolted from both ends of the flanges. Valves should be capable of
bubble tight double dead-end closure with either upstream or downstream flange removed at the valve
full rated pressure.
所有的电动阀门，图件所示或本文规定的，都应是高性能蝶型能拖拉的。用于启闭的电动阀
应装有电活塞操作杆和开启、关闭限止按钮。停电时阀门应不在最后的位置。用于调节的电
动阀应有电弹簧调节器。 阀体是碳素钢，阀碟是 316 不锈钢，17-4pH 不锈钢轴。底座和密
封材料是特氟隆。阀门应当配备可调速度控制设施防止阀门过快的关闭。阀体压力和连接型
的结构应相吻合并符合阀门工作表。电操作器要配备外部指示器。阀门必须是整体的、整拉
的（不许用薄片型和半拉型阀。阀门必须用螺栓同法兰栓紧。当上下游法兰在阀门完全充压
时移动，阀门两端不能冒泡。
All motorized valves should be provided with manually operated hand-wheels for overriding the
operator in both emergency and normal operation.
所有的电动阀都应配备手动轮在紧急和正常运行时超载运行。

Damper Operators 风阀调节器
All damper operators shall be electric spring-return type such that damper will fail-safe upon
interruption of electric power. The failure position shall be as specified or as required to suit job
conditions. Dampers shall be capable of a 30-second travel from full open to full closed and full closed
to full open. The operators shall be capable of operating in sequence when required by the sequence of
operation. The operators should have external adjustable stops to limit the stroke in either direction.
The operator linkage arrangement should be such as to permit normally open or normally closed
positions of the dampers as required.
风阀调节器应是电弹簧型，风阀可以在电力中断时自动防止故障。故障位置应当按规定或按
需要以适应职业条件。风阀从全关到全开应有 30 秒的行程。调节器当需要按顺序运行时应
能按顺序运行。调节器应有外部可调掣子以限止任何方向的撞击。调节器的连接安排要允许
按需要处于正常地开或关的位置。
A sufficient number of damper operators shall be installed to operate single and multiple damper
sections smoothly and in unison at the maximum rated static pressure and air velocity, and to provide
the close-off torque required to meet damper leakage criteria. Provide auxiliary drive shafts with pillow
block bearings and bearing support brackets rigidly attached to the damper frame assembly on damper
banks more than one damper section wide.
要安装足够多的风阀调节器以稳定运行单个或多个风阀段且在最大静压和风速时保持调和，
并且保证关闭的转矩符合风阀防泄漏标准。提供辅助的带轴枕轴承的驱动轴，，轴承的支撑
托架要以一节风阀的宽度牢牢地固定在风阀框架上。

Dampers 风阀
1. Dampers, which require opposed blade action:
需要对置叶片行动的风阀：
* Dampers in modulating service such as outdoor air, return air and exhaust air dampers in airconditioning systems.
空调系统的有调节任务的风阀如室外空气、回收空气、排放空气的风阀
* Outdoor air intake, exhaust air, and recirculation air dampers in ventilation systems, which are
under modulating control.
通风系统的有调节控制的室外空气供应、排放空气和循环空气风阀
2. Dampers, which require parallel blade action:
需要平行叶片行动的风阀
* Dampers in two position service such as outdoor air intake and exhaust air dampers in ventilation
systems which are under two-position control
双重控制通风系统的双重任务风阀如室外空气供应和排放空气的风阀
* Fan discharge dampers
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
*
3.
风扇流量风阀
Floor isolation dampers in supply and return air ducts
供风和回风管道的地板隔离风阀
The bearings shall be nonferrous sleeve type. The frames shall be of 89 mm x 13-mm channel iron
with welded corners and stiffening members to form a rigid assembly. Dampers should have both
blades and frames galvanized. All dampers should have stainless steel blade end seals, and the
edges of the blades should be crimped with neoprene seals to interlock in order to prevent leakage
when dampers are closed.
轴承应是非铁套筒式。框架应是 89 毫米 x13 毫米槽铁，转角焊接，带支肋以形成牢固的
结合。风阀的叶片和框架都要镀锌。所有风阀要有不锈钢的叶片尾端密封，叶片的边缘
要用氯丁象胶卷曲以防风阀关闭时漏气。
2.3.2.4. Electrical Wiring and Materials 电气布线和材料
 Provide wiring between thermostats, aquastats and unit heater motors, all control and alarm wiring for
all control and alarm devices for all Sections of the Specifications and wiring for all break-glass stations.
在恒温器、水温自动调节器和单元加热电动机之间要布线，各段所有控制和警告设施之间布
线，所有脆弱站点要布线。

Provide primary voltage power supply to every direct digital control unit, CRT, network computer,
transmission power supply, annunciator modules, modem, intercom module, printer and to other
devices as required in this Section. Ensure that the entire central building automation system and all
peripheral devices, alarms, etc, shall be operative under emergency power conditions in the building.
Provide power supplies in conduit and single core LSF cable from available spare circuit in emergency
panelboards.
向每个直接数码控制单元、阴极管、网络计算机、供电线路、公告模板、调制器、联络模
板、打印机和本节提到的各项设施提供基本能源供应。确保整个楼宇自动化中央系统和所有
外围设施、警报器等等在楼宇电力紧急情况时能运行。提供电力供应线导线管和从紧急控制
板线路中的备用单芯 LSF 电缆

Provide status function conduit and wiring for equipment described under this Section.
提供本节设备的状态功能导线管和布线。

Provide conduit and wiring between the DDC system panels and the temperature, humidity, or pressure
sensing elements, including low voltage (under 100 volt) control wiring and coaxial cable in conduit.
在 DDC 系统同温度、湿度、压力感应元件、低压控制之间布线和有导线管的同轴电缆。

Provide conduit and control wiring for devices described in this Section.
提供本节设施导线管和控制布线

Provide conduit and signal wiring between motor starters in motor control centres and high and/or low
temperature relay contacts and remote relays in multiplexing panels located in the vicinity of motor
control centres
提供在电动机启动器同电动机控制中心，高、低压温度继电器、电动机控制中心附近多重诊
断控制板的遥控继电器之间的导线管和布线

Provide conduit and wiring between the network computer, electrical panels, metering instrumentation,
indicating devices, miscellaneous alarm points, remotely operated contactors, and direct digital control
unit, as shown on the drawings or as specified.
提供图上标出的或特别规定的网络计算机、电力控制板、仪表、指示设施、各种警报点、遥
控接触器、直接数码控制单元之间的导线管和布线

Provide control and signal conduit and wiring between the DDC system and the chiller control panels,
and all control and signal wiring between the chillers and their local control panels.
提供 DDC 系统同冷却控制板之间的导线管和布线以及冷冻机同现场控制板之间的所有控制和
信号布线。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
All conduits shall be as described within the Electrical Section of the IHG engineering standards.
所有的导线管都要符合 IHG 工程标准电气节的规定。
Wires and cables shall be as follows: 电线和电缆
 Single Conductor (primary voltage/a.c.): 1.5 mm2 (or equivalent) stranded copper with 600 volt
insulation colour coded in accordance with local wiring regulations, for use in conduit. Larger size
cables shall be provided where necessary to limit the voltage drop to 2.5%. 1.5 mm2 shall be used for
instrument heat tracing feeders.
单导线（基本电压/交流）1.5 平方毫米（或相当于）铜线 600 伏绝缘、按当地标准彩色标
志。为防止电压下降达 2.5%，要用大规格电缆。1.5 平方毫米电线用于仪表探热馈线。

Signal Cables (4-20 mA Analog): 信号电缆
For Use in Areas Other than Air Plenums: 2/C 1.0 mm2 (or equivalent) shielded and multi-pair 0.75
mm2 (or equivalent) individually shielded.
在强制通风以外的地区：2/C1.0 平方毫米（或等量的）屏蔽线和多对 0.75 平方毫米（或等量
的）单独屏蔽
For Use in Air Plenums: Plenum type Teflon insulated, 2/C 1.0 mm2 shielded and multi-pair 1.0 mm2
individually shielded.
在强制通风的地区：强制通风型特富隆绝缘，2/C1.0 平方毫米屏蔽和多对 1.0 平方毫米单独
屏蔽
NOTE: The cables listed above have conductors with 300-volt insulation ratings. Similar cables with
600-volt insulation ratings must be provided for any cable terminating within or occupying an
enclosure containing conductors operating at a voltage greater than 230 volts (ie, 400 volt
motor starter enclosure)
.注： 上述电缆有 300 伏绝缘电线。类似的电缆（600 伏绝缘）应提供给末端是内含工作电
压高于 230 伏的电线（例如 400 伏的电动机启动器附件）的附件。

Alarm, Digital Input/Output and Control Cables (24-volt ac):
警报、数码输入/输出和控制电缆（24 伏交流）
For Use in Areas Other Than Air Plenums: 2/C 1.0 mm2, and multi-pair 0.75 mm2.
在强制通风以外的地区：2/C1.0 平方毫米，和多对 0.75 平方毫米。
For Use in Air Plenums: Plenum type Teflon insulated, 2/C 1.0 mm2 and multi-pair 0.75 mm2.
在强制通风的地区：强制通风型特富隆绝缘，2/C1.0 平方毫米和多对 0.75 平方毫米

Larger gauge cables shall be provided where necessary to limit the voltage drop to 1.2volts.
较大规格电缆应提供给需要的地方以限止电压降到 1.2 伏以下
NOTE: The cables listed above have conductors with 300 volt insulation ratings. Similar cables with
600 volt insulation ratings must be provided for any cable terminating within or occupying an
enclosure containing conductors operating at a voltage greater than 250 volts (i.e., 400 volt
motor starter enclosure).
注：
上述电缆有 300 伏绝缘电线。类似的电缆（600 伏绝缘）应提供给末端是内含工作电
压高于 250 伏的电线（例如 400 伏的电动机启动器附件）的附件。

RTD Wiring: 电阻温度计布线
For Use in Areas Other than Air Plenums: 3/C 1.0 mm2.
在强制通风以外的地区：3/C1.0 平方毫米。
For Use in Air Plenums: Plenum type Teflon insulated 3/C 1.0 mm2.
在强制通风的地区：强制通风型特富隆绝缘，3/C1.0 平方毫米
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

DDC Communications Cables: DDC communications wiring between the local control units and the
network computer shall be 1.0 mm2 shielded cable, and shall be run in trays where available, otherwise
in approved raceways.
DDC 通信电缆：地方控制单元和网络计算机之间的 DDC 通信线应当是 1.0 平方毫米屏蔽电缆，
应当有托盘或电线管。
Tags for wires and cables shall be clip-sleeve type nonmetallic wire markers or equivalent.
电线和电缆的标签应是套夹型非金属线。
For conduit fittings, conduit hangers and supports, terminal junction boxes, expansion joints, sleeves
and wiring devices, comply with local wiring regulations.
导线管接头、导线管吊架和支撑、末端线盒、扩展连接、套筒和布线设施参照当地布线规
则。
Electrical Wiring Installation 电线的安装
 All wiring in Mechanical Equipment Rooms, communications or electrical closets shall be in approved
raceways (cable tray, conduit, etc). Open wiring strung above ceilings shall be plenum rated cable,
bundled together and protected from mechanical damage. Wiring shall be independently supported
from the building structure with bridal rings and clips. The supporting of wiring from mechanical
ductwork or piping is not acceptable.
所有在机械设备室、通信或电气间的布线都应放在正规的电线管（电缆盘、导线管等）内。
顶棚上明线只能是强制通风级的电缆，捆绑在一起，不受机械损害。布线应用指环和夹子单
独支撑在楼宇结构之外。用机械管道或管子是不允许的。

Cables for primary voltage a.c. wiring and low level signal wiring (ie, 4-20 mA analog) shall always be
run in separate raceways.
基本交流电压的布线电缆和低水平信号布线（类似 4-20 毫安）永远安设在不同的电线管内。

Use liquid tight flexible metal conduit, 20mm minimum size, for making connections at instruments
and devices mounted on piping or vessels or on equipment subject to vibration.
用最小 20 毫米不漏的软金属管作工具和设施的连线，安装在管道或器具上或设备上会引起振
动。

Low level signal wiring home runs to local control stations may be by means of multi-pair cables. The
number of pairs in such cables shall be uniform throughout the installation, and in general, there shall
be at least 20% spare pairs in each such cable.
低水平的信号线回转到地方控制站可以用多对电缆。电缆的对子数在安装工程中应当一致，
通常在每根电缆至少有 20%的备用对子。

Primary voltage a.c. circuits used for control and instrumentation shall be taken from panelboards
connected to the emergency power distribution system, with the exception of circuits powered from
motor starters. Panelboard and circuit breakers shall be provided under the Electrical Section, but the
wiring and raceway materials and installation for ATC system power requirements shall be furnished
under this Section.
用于控制和工具的基本交流电压线路应从控制盘连到紧急电力分配系统，除非线路由电动机
启动器供电。在电力站应当配备控制盘和线路切断器，但对 ATC 系统的电力需要，布线和线
管材料和安装应按本节布置。

Primary voltage a.c. circuits used for control and instrumentation shall be dedicated to the ATC system
and shall not be used for any other purposes.
用于控制和工具的基本电压交流线路应当服务于 ATC 系统，且不能用于其他目的。

Conduits shall be run exposed in mechanical spaces, concealed in occupied space, and parallel or
perpendicular to structural members or architectural features.
导线管应暴露在机械空间，在有人的空间隐藏，平行或垂直结构部件或建筑物。
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SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

Bends in conduit shall not have a radius less than six (6) times the diameter of the conduit, nor bend
导线管转弯处半径不得小于导线管直径 6 倍，转角也不能超过 90 度并且遵照当地布线规则。

Provide junction boxes or pull boxes as required and necessary to avoid excessively long runs or too
many bends between outlets.
按要求和需要提供接线盒或拉线盒以避免出口间不必要的长线或过多的转弯。

Fittings in conduit containing multi-conductor cables shall be oversized to accommodate 3 times cable
bending radius for 90 degree bends and 4 times bending radius for straight runs.
多导线电缆的导线管的接头尺寸应当大一些，对 90 度的转弯要容纳电缆弯曲半径的 3 倍而对
直线段为弯曲半径的 4 倍。

Conduits shall be offset where they enter surface mounted equipment. Wiring installed in panels and
other enclosures shall be neatly looped and laced.
当进入安装好设备的表面，导线管应当分支迂回。安装在控制板和其他部件的布线应当紧凑
打环和用带子束紧。

Conduit runs, which extend from the interior to the exterior of a building, shall be sealed to prevent the
circulation of air. This shall be accomplished by the installation of sealing fittings.
从楼宇内部通向外部的导线管段应当密封防止空气的循环。这要靠安装密封接头来完成。

All signal wires shall be tagged with their wire designations and all signal cable pairs shall be tagged
with their service designations where terminated at devices and in terminal boxes.
所有信号线要标明达到点，所有信号电缆对子要标明终端设施服务点和终结线盒。

Wires shall be terminated with insulated spade type lugs on screw terminals. Soldered connections shall
only be made at instruments where no other means of termination is practical.
电线终结处要有带螺旋终端的绝缘铲形焊片。只有当没有其他实用方法时，才用锡焊合。

Perform continuity testing for all wiring installed.
已布的线要进行连续性调试。

Control raceways shall not be hung from electrical raceways or attached to ceiling grid hanger wires.
控制电线管不能吊在电力电线管上或附着在吊顶线上。

No 300 volt insulated wiring shall terminate within or occupy any enclosure containing conductors
operating at a voltage greater than 300 volts. This particularly applies to any analogue or digital I/O
wiring entering 230-volt motor starter enclosures or motor control centres.
不允许 300 伏的绝缘线终止或占据内含大于 300 伏的导线的围体内。这特别适用于任何模拟
的或数码的进入 230 伏电动机启动器围体或电动机控制中心的输入/输出线。
2.3.2.5. System Control Type 系统控制类型
The basic control sequences which follow are to be used as a guide for the type of operation desired.
Variations are to be expected depending upon the individual system being designed. Refer to relevant BMS
schematics for these systems characteristics.
遵循的基本的控制顺序被用来作为理想运行类型的指南。由于每个设计系统不同，偏离是可以预
期的。以下参阅有关的 BMS 系统关于系统特性的纲要：
1.
Ventilation: 100% outdoor air with duct heating coil (single zone)
通风条件：100%室外空气带管道加热盘管（单区）
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper closed and heating coil valves shall be closed.
风机关闭：室外空气风阀关闭加热盘管阀门应当关闭。

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. Temperature sensor in fan discharge duct controls heating coil
valve to maintain discharge temperature
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
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风机启动：室外空气风阀打开。风机流出管的温度传感器控制加热盘管阀门以保持排放
温度。

Low temperature switch on leaving side of heating coil stops fan when air temperature drops below
set point, through time delay relay.
当温度下降等于设置点，通过时延继电器，加热盘管出口端的低温开关关掉风机

Pressure switch at fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
风机进口的压力开关停止过大吸收压力的风机
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.2
参见图 N°2.05.2
2.
Ventilation: 100% outdoor air with duct heating coils (multi-zone)
通风条件：100%室外空气带管道加热盘管（多区）
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper closed and heating coil valves closed.
风机关闭：室外空气风阀关闭加热盘管阀门关闭。

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. For each heating coil, a submaster sensor on leaving side of
coil, reset by a room sensor, controls heating coil valve to maintain adjustable room temperature.
风机启动：室外空气风阀打开。对于每个加热盘管，在盘管出口一侧一只子传感器，由
房间传感器重启，控制加热盘管阀门以保持可调的房间温度。

Low temperature switch on leaving side of each heating coil stops fan when air temperature drops
below set point, through time delay relay.
空气温度降至设置点，通过时延继电器，每个加热盘管出口一侧的低温开关关闭风机

Pressure switch at fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
风机进口的压力开关停止过大吸收压力的风机

Pressure switch at fan discharge starts fan on high discharge pressure (where required).
风机出口的压力开关销定高出流压力风机。
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.3
参见图 N°2.05.3
3.
Ventilation: 100% outdoor air with preheat and reheat coil in unit
通风条件：100%室外空气，单元有预热和重热盘管
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper, reheat coil valve closed and each preheat coil valve under control of
individual temperature sensors on leaving side of each preheat coil section.
风机关闭：室外空气风阀，重热盘管阀关闭，每个预热盘管阀由安在每个预热盘管段出
口一侧的单独的温度传感器控制

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. Sensor on leaving side of preheat coil controls preheat coil
valve to maintain adjustable leaving temperature. Sensor in fan discharge duct controls reheat coil
valve to maintain discharge temperature.
风机启动：室外空气风阀开启。预热盘管出口一侧的传感器控制预热盘管阀以保持可调
的出口温度。风机出流管的传感器控制重热盘管阀以保持流量温度。

Low temperature switch on leaving side of preheat coil stops fan when air temperature drops below
set point, through time delay relay.
当温度降至设置温度，通过时延继电器，预热盘管出口一侧的低温开关关闭风机。

Pressure switch at fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
风机入口的压力开关停止过大吸收压力的风机。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.4
参见图 N°2.05.4
4.
Ventilation: 100% outdoor air with preheat coil in unit and reheat coils in ducts
通风条件：100%室外空气，单元预热盘管和管道重热盘管
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper closed, reheat coil valve closed and each preheat coil valve under
control of individual temperature sensors on leaving side of each preheat coil section.
风机关闭：室外空气风阀关闭，重热盘管阀关闭，每一个预热盘管阀受每一预热盘管段
出口一侧单独温度传感器的控制

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. Sensor in fan discharge duct controls preheat coil valve to
maintain discharge temperature. For each reheat coil, room sensor controls reheat coil valve to
maintain adjustable room temperature.
风机启动：室外空气风阀开启。风机出流管道的传感器控制预热盘管阀以保持最低出流
温度。客房传感器控制每一个重热盘管阀以保持可调房间温度。

Low temperature switch on leaving side of preheat coil stops fan when air temperature drops below
set point, through time delay relay.
当温度降至设置温度，通过时延继电器，预热盘管出口一侧的低温开关关闭风机。

Pressure switch at fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
风机入口的压力开关停止过大吸收压力的风机。

Pressure switch at fan discharge stops fan on high discharge pressure (where required).
风机出口的压力开关关闭高出流压力风机。
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.5
参见图 N°2.05.5
5.
Air Conditioning: 100% outdoor air, constant volume with cooling coil and reheat coil.
空调条件：100%室外空气，定流量，冷却盘管和重热盘管
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper closed, cooling coil valve and reheat coil valve closed
风机关闭：室外空气风阀关闭，冷却盘管阀和重热盘管阀关闭

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. Submaster temperature sensor in fan discharge duct, reset by
room temperature sensor, shall control heating coil valve and cooling coil valve in sequence, to
maintain room temperature. Room humidity sensor shall also operate cooling coil valve for
dehumidification to maintain a maximum of 50% relative humidity. The temperature or humidity
sensor calling for the most cooling shall position the cooling coil valve.
风机启动：室外空气风阀开启。由客房温度传感器重设的风机出流管道的子温度传感器
应依次控制加热盘管阀和冷却盘管阀以保持客房温度。客房湿度传感器也应运行冷却盘
管阀以除湿并保持最大 50%的相对湿度。进一步冷却用的温度湿度传感器应当对冷却盘管
阀定位。

Pressure switch at fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
风机入口的压力开关关闭过大吸收压力的风机。
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.6
参见图 N°2.05.6
6.
Air Conditioning: 100% outdoor air, constant volume with preheat, cooling and reheat coil(s) sequence.
空调条件：100%室外空气，定流量，有预热盘管、冷却盘管和重热盘管顺序。
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper closed, cooling coil valve, and reheat coil valve(s) closed, and each
preheat coil valve under control of individual temperature sensors on leaving side of each preheat
coil section.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
风机关闭：室外空气风阀关闭，冷却盘管阀和重热盘管阀关闭，在每一个预热盘管段的
出口一侧的单独的温度传感器控制每个预热盘管阀。

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. Preheat coil valve under control of temperature sensor on
leaving side of preheat coil. For each reheat coil, a room temperature sensor shall control respective
reheat coil valve and cooling coil valve in sequence, to maintain room temperature. Room
humidity sensor shall also operate the cooling coil valve for dehumidification to maintain a
maximum of 50% relative humidity. The temperature sensor or humidity sensor calling for the
most cooling shall position the cooling coil valve.
风机启动：室外空气风阀开启。预热盘管出口一侧的温度传感器控制预热盘管阀。对每
一个重热盘管，客房温度传感器依次控制对应的重热盘管阀和冷却盘管阀以保持室温。
客房湿度传感器也应运行冷却盘管阀以除湿并保持最大 50%的相对湿度。进一步冷却用的
温度湿度传感器应当对冷却盘管阀定位。

Low temperature switch on entering side of cooling coil stops fan when air temperature drops
below set point, through time delay relay.
当温度低于设置温度，通过时延继电器，冷却盘管进口一侧的低温开关关闭风机。

Pressure switch at supply fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
供风风机入口的压力开关在过大吸收压力时关闭风机。
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.7
参见图 N°2.05.7
7.
Air Conditioning: Constant volume, fixed minimum outdoor air with cooling coil and reheat coil(s).
Return air ducted to supply unit.
空调条件：定流量，固定室外空气，冷却盘管和重热盘管。回收的空气通向供风单元。
 Fan Off: Outdoor air damper closed, cooling coil valve and reheat coil valve(s) closed.
风机关闭：室外空气风阀关闭，冷却盘管阀和重热盘管阀关闭。

Fan On: Outdoor air damper open. For each reheat coil, a room temperature sensor shall control
respective reheat coil valve and cooling coil valve to maintain room temperature. A room humidity
sensor shall also operate the cooling coil valve for dehumidification to maintain a maximum of
50% relative humidity. The temperature sensor or humidity sensor calling for the most cooling
shall position the cooling coil valve
风机启动：室外空气风阀开启。对每一个重热盘管，客房温度传感器依次控制对应的重
热盘管阀和冷却盘管阀以保持室温。客房湿度传感器也应运行冷却盘管阀以除湿并保持
最大 50%的相对湿度。进一步冷却用的温度湿度传感器应当对冷却盘管阀定位。

Provide cool-down switch to close outdoor air damper to permit system operation under full
recirculated mode for periods of non-occupancy.
配备降温开关以在无人居住时关闭室外空气风阀，达到系统在全内循环模式运行

Pressure switch at supply fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
供风风机入口的压力开关在过大吸收压力时关闭风机。

Pressure switch at return fan stops fan on high discharge pressure.
回收风机的压力开关在高出流压力时关闭风机。
Refer to drawing 2.05.8
参见图 N°2.05.8
8.
Air conditioning: Constant volume, variable outdoor air with preheat coil, cooling coil and reheat coil.
空调条件：定流量，变室外空气，预热盘管、冷却盘管和重热盘管。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

Supply Air and Return Fans Off: Outdoor air damper, spill air damper and return air damper closed,
cooling coil valve and reheat coil valve closed, each preheat coil valve under control of individual
temperature sensors on leaving side of each preheat coil section.
供风风机和回收风机关闭：室外空气风阀，溢出空气风阀和回收空气风阀关闭，冷却盘
管阀和重热盘管阀关闭，在每一个预热盘管段的出口一侧的单独的温度传感器控制每个
预热盘管阀。

Supply and Return Fans On: Outdoor air dampers open to minimum position, return air damper
opens, preheat coil valve under control of sensor in leaving side of preheat coil. During winter
operation submaster sensor in fan discharge duct, reset by room thermostat, shall control, in
sequence, preheat coil valve, variable outdoor air, return air dampers, cooling coil valve and reheat
core valve to maintain room temperature. In summer operation submaster sensor, reset by room
thermostat shall control in sequence preheat coil valve, cooling coil valves and reheat coil valves to
maintain room temperature. A summer-winter enthalpy switch shall switch the system from winter
to summer operation. Room humidity sensor shall also operate cooling coil valve for
dehumidification to maintain a maximum of 50% relative humidity. The room temperature sensor
or humidity sensor calling for the most cooling shall position the cooling coil valve.
供风风机和回收风机开启：室外风阀开到最小位置，回收风阀开启，预热盘管阀受预热
盘管出口一侧传感器的控制。冬季运行时，由房间恒温器重设，风机出流管道的子传感
器依次控制预热盘管阀、变量室外空气、回收风阀、冷却盘管阀、重热盘管阀以保持室
温。夏季运行时，由房间恒温器重设、风机出流管道的子传感器依次控制预热盘管阀、
冷却盘管阀和重热盘管阀以保持室温。一只夏/冬焓开关应当变换系统从冬季运行到夏季
运行。客房湿度传感器也应运行冷却盘管阀以除湿并保持最大 50%的相对湿度。进一步冷
却用的温度湿度传感器应当对冷却盘管阀定位。

Low temperature switch on entering side of cooling coil shall stop both supply and return fans
when temperature drops below set point, through time delay.
当温度低于设置温度，通过时延继电器，冷却盘管进口一侧的低温开关关闭供风和回风
风机。

Pressure switch at supply fan inlet stops fan on excessive suction pressure.
供风风机入口的压力开关在过大吸收压力时关闭风机。

Provide warm-up/cool-down switch to close outdoor dampers and open return air dampers to
permit system operation under full recirculation mode for periods of non-occupancy.
配备升、降温开关以关闭室外风阀，开启回风风阀以在无人居住时关闭室外空气风阀，
达到系统在全内循环模式运行

Spill damper is controlled by static pressure set point.
溢出风阀由静压设置点控制。
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.9
参见图 N°2.05.9
9.
Air Conditioning: Variable volume, preheat and cooling coils, variable volume boxes with heating coil.
空调条件：变流量，预热和冷却盘管，带加热盘管的变量盒。
 Supply and Return Fan Off: Outdoor air, spill air and return air dampers closed, cooling coil valve
closed, supply fan and return fan inlet vanes to minimum position. Each preheat coil valve under
control of individual temperature sensors on leaving side of each preheat coil section.
供风风机和回收风机关闭：室外空气风阀，溢出空气风阀和回收空气风阀关闭，冷却盘
管阀关闭，供风风机和回风风机进口风扇处于最小位置，在每一个预热盘管段的出口一
侧的单独的温度传感器控制每个预热盘管阀。

Supply and Return Fan On: A time delay switch should permit return air damper to open, then the
minimum outdoor air damper shall open and the fans shall start. Preheat coil under control of a
sensor on the leaving side of the coil. In summer operation a thermostat in fan discharge duct shall
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
control the preheat and cooling coil valve to maintain scheduled supply air temperature. In winter
operation the thermostat shall control in sequence variable outdoor damper return air damper
preheat coil continue valve and cooling cool control valve to maintain schedules supply air
temperature.
供风风机和回收风机开启：时延继电器使回收风阀开启，然后，室外风阀开到最小位
置，各风机启动，预热盘管阀受预热盘管出口一侧传感器的控制。夏季运行时，风机出
流管道的恒温器控制预热和冷却控制阀以保持计划中的供气温度。冬季运行时，恒温器
依次控制变量室外空气风阀、回收风阀、预热盘管持续阀、冷却控制阀、以保持计划中
的供气温度。

A static pressure sensor, located midway in the supply duct, shall control the inlet vanes of the
supply and return air fans. Return air volume shall vary compatibly with the supply air volume.
在供气管道中途的静压传感器控制供气和回收空气风机的进口风扇。回风量与供风量须
十分兼容。

A static pressure transmitter located in the supply fan discharge duct shall measure fan discharge
static pressure. If the fan discharge static pressure exceeds its set point, a high limit controller shall
在供风风机出流管道上的静压传送器要测定风机排放的静压。如果风机排放的静压超过
设置点，高限控制器要减少供风风机容量以保持风机排放压力在高限设置点。

A room temperature sensor shall control each interior variable volume box damper motor to
maintain an adjustable room temperature. For each variable or constant volume box with reheat
coil, a room sensor shall control, in sequence, damper motor on the box and normally closed reheat
coil control valve to maintain adjustable room temperature. The reheat coil valve shall close when
all fans are stopped.
室温传感器控制每个内部变量盒风阀电动机以保持可调节的室温。对于每个带重热盘管
的变量或定量盒，房间传感器要依次控制盒上风阀电动机和通常关闭的重热盘管控制阀
以保持可调节室温。当所有风机关闭时，重热盘管风机阀应当关闭。

A summer-winter enthalpy switch shall switch the system from winter to summer operation.
一只夏/冬焓开关应当变换系统从冬季运行到夏季运行。

A differential switch in each intake plenum shall stop fans on excessive suction pressure.
在每一处装在强制通风进口的差分式开关当过大吸收压力时应当关闭风机。

Provide warm-up/cool-down switch to close outdoor air and spill air dampers and open return air
dampers to permit system operation under full recirculation mode for periods of non-occupancy.
配备升、降温开关以关闭室外空气风阀、溢出空气风阀，开启回风风阀以在无人居住
时，达到系统在全内循环模式运行
Refer to drawing Nº 2.05.10
参见图 N°2.05.10
10. Exhaust Fans Sequence 抽排风机顺序
 Fan Off: Discharge damper closed.
风机关闭：出流风阀关闭

Fan On: Discharge damper open.
风机启动：出流风阀开启

High temperature sensor or smoke detector on suction side of fan stops when air temperature rises
above 51°C (125°F).
o
o
当空气温度上升超过 51 C(125 C)时风机吸收一侧的高温传感器或烟雾探头关闭
11. Lighting Control 照明控制
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Corridor, back-of-house areas and exterior lighting shall automatically be controlled by the DDC
system, based on time of day schedule or an astronomic software programme. The DDC system shall
activate digital outputs to lighting panels to turn on various lighting zones. Refer to Electrical Section
of the contract Specifications for quantity and location. The lighting panels shall be provided for in the
latter. Provide 10% spare digital outputs.
走廊、房后和室外照明要由 DDC 系统通过时延计划表或天文学软件程序自动控制。DDC 系统
应激活数码输出到照明控制盘以开启各种照明区。照明的量和位置参阅规格合同的电气节。
稍后要配备照明控制盘。要提供 10%的备份数码输出。
Primary Chilled and Hot Water Systems: 基本的冷却和热水系统
When two-way valves are used at equipment, a differential pressure control, piped to sense the supply
and return line pressures, shall control a bypass water valve to maintain a constant differential pressure
between the supply and return lines.
当设备中适用双向阀时，安在管线上感受供、回线压力的差分压力控制应当控制一个旁路水
阀以保持在供应和回收线之间的一定差分压力
2.3.2.6. Point Matrix 点阵
Provide DI, DO, AI & AO matrix for approval of IHG.
提交数码输入、数码输出、模拟输入、模拟输出供 IHG 批准
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
排
风
扇
Exhaust
Fans
Packaged Air Conditioning Unit
空
调
单
元
包
X
X
X
X
X
Notes: 注：
1. Provide high temperature thermostat for all air systems where smoke detectors are not
provided.
在没有探头的地方给所有的通风系统配备高温恒温器
2. Provide alarm annunciation at operator work station.
为总机台配备警报信号器
3. Provide high and low limit alarm annunciation at operational work.
为总机台配备上下限警报信号器
Fan Status DI① 风机状态
Fan Excessive Suction Pressure (2) DI② 风机多余吸收压力
Fan Excessive Discharge Pressure (2) DI③风机多余排放压力
Low Temperature Thermostat (2) DI④ 低温恒温器
High Temperature Thermostat (1) (2) DI⑤ 高温恒温器
Summer/Winter Switch DI⑥ 夏季/冬季开关
Warm-up/Cool-Down Switch DI⑦加热/降温开关
Smoke Detector (1) (2) DI⑧ 烟雾探头
Fan Start/Stop DO① 风机开启/关闭
Safety Shutdown DO② 安全关机
Outdoor/Discharge Dampers DO③ 室外/排放风阀
Preheat Coil Discharge Temperature (3)AI①预热盘管排放温度
Reheat Coil Discharge Temperature (3)AI②再加热盘管排放温度
Supply Air Temperature (3) AI③ 供风温度
Return Air Temperature (3) AI④ 回风温度
Static Pressure – Discharge (3) AI⑤ 静压 – 排放
Static Pressure – End of Duct (3) AI⑥ 静压 – 管道末端
Space Temperature AI⑦ 空间温度
Dampers (Outdoor, Return and Spill)AO①风阀（室外、回风和溢
Inputs
输入
DIGITAL
数码
Outputs
输出
Inputs
输入
ANALOG
模拟
出）
Preheat Valve AO② 预热阀
Chilled Water Valve AO③ 冷冻水阀
Reheat Valve (Heating Valve) AO④ 再加热阀（加热阀）
Inlet Vanes AO⑤ 入口风扇
Variable/Constant Volume Terminal Unit Damper AO ⑥
变/定流量终端单元风阀
X
X
Outputs
输出
Common Malfunction (2) J① 常见故障
Alarms 警
报
Scheduled Start/Stop P① 预定开启/关闭
Preheat Coil Low Limit Control P② 预热盘管下限控制
Economiser Cycle (Summer/Winter) P③ 节能器循环（夏季/冬
季）
Warm-Up/Cool-Down P④ 升温/降温
Discharge Temperature Control P⑤ 排放温度控制
Reheat Coil Control P⑥ 再加热盘管控制
Static Pressure Control P⑦ 静压控制
Static Pressure High Limit Control (Variable Air Volume)
静压上限控制（变风量）
Safety Shutdown P⑧P⑨ 安全关机
Supply/Space Temperature ResetP①② 供风/空间温度设定
Variable Air Volume Terminal UnitP②③ 变风量终端单元
Variable Air Volume Terminal with ReheatP ③ ④
带有再加热的变风量终端
Constant Volume Terminal Unit P④⑤ 定风量终端单元
Consistent Volume Terminal Unit with ReheatP ⑤ ⑥
带有再加热的定风量终端单元
Programs
程序
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SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.3.3.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和调试
The commissioning and testing of the BMS shall be carried out by a qualified expert. A detailed method
statement for each component to be commissioned shall be approved by the design engineer.
BMS 的试运行和调试应由合格的专家进行。对每一项要试运行的项目的详细的方法叙述都要由
设计工程师批准。
2.3.4.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护
Three sets of operating and maintenance instruction manuals covering completely equipment starting
sequences, sequences, operation, maintenance, automatic controls, pumps, compressed and refrigeration
equipment and listing of all spare parts shall be furnished to IHG. In additional, one set of operating and
maintenance instructions for each mechanical equipment and fan room shall be neatly laminated in
permanently translucent plastic and hung where directed. Three sets of lubricating charts and manuals
for each items of equipment shall be furnished to IHG.
三套运行和维护指导手册包含全部设备启动顺序、次序、运行、维护、自动控制、各类泵、压
缩的和冰冻设备和备件表应当提交给 IHG。此外，一套关于每一种机械设备和每个风机房的运行
和维护指导手册用半透明塑料塑封并挂在指定的地方。三套关于设备每一项目的润滑表和手册
也应提交给 IHG。
2.3.5.
APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 获准的制造商
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Landis and Staefa
Honeywell 霍尼韦尔
Johnson Controls
Siemens 西门子
Tour Andover Controls
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.4
ACOUSTICS 声学
2.4.1
GENERAL 一般规定
A reasonably low sound level throughout the guest area of a hotel is of paramount importance to its
acceptance as an establishment of quality. Of equal importance is the desired degree of privacy provided
by a low level of sound transmission between adjoining rooms or spaces, especially when such
adjoining areas are producing noise levels of substantially different intensities.
对于一家高质量的酒店来说极其重要的是在其整个客人区域的噪声应该降低到合理程度。同等
重要的是通过减小相邻房间或场所之间低微的声音传送水平来达到所需的私密性，特别是在有
些场所会产生充分不同强度的噪声时。
While the sound produced by agencies outside the hotel and by the occupants of various adjoining areas
within the hotel must be considered, and controlled by proper sound deadening construction and sound
absorbing materials, the vibration and noise resulting from the operation of building mechanical and
operative equipment and installations can be even more disruptive and pervasive when such
installations are not properly designed and installed.
除了必须考虑酒店外部各种介质以及酒店内部各个相邻区域居住者所产生的噪声以及必须使用
合适的噪声隔离构造和噪声吸收材料加以控制之外，由建筑机械和运行设备和装备所造成的振
动和噪声在这类装备设计和安装不妥当时甚至更具有更严重的破坏性。
Accordingly, it is essential that architects and engineers keep this need constantly in mind in designing
the hotel, and utilize the services of acoustical consultants to insure that proper design standards are
followed. Specifications shall provide that the Owning Company has the right to have acoustical
performance of any part of the hotel construction verified in the field by an acoustical consultant of his
choice, and that cost of such tests and of any remedial work required shall be borne by the responsible
contractor if the work tested fails such tests.
因此，重要的是建筑师和设计师们在设计酒店时应该经常将这一需要牢记在心，并且利用声学
顾问公司的服务来保证能够遵循妥当的设计标准。规范中应该规定业主公司有权自己选择声学
顾问在其领域中校验酒店构造中任何部分的声学性能，并且如果不能通过这些校验时，这些试
验的费用和任何所需纠正措施的费用应该由施工承包商负责来承担。
2.4.2
SOUND BARRIER AND CONSTRUCTIONS 声音屏障和构造
1. Partition, floor and ceiling constructions shall provide for speech privacy so that normal
conversation is inaudible in adjoining rooms (although shouting may be audible and partially
intelligible). Such constructions shall have the following installed minimum sound transmission
class (STC) values as defined, or as required by the building code of the country or local
government, whichever is greater:
隔墙，楼板和天花板的构造应该能提供讲话的隐私从而正常的会话在相邻房间内是听不到的
（虽然大声叫喊可能被部分听到）。这类构造应该具有下列指定的最小声音传送等级
（STC）数值，它们是由国家的或地方政府的建筑法规所确定或要求的，视二者何者为大：
Guest room - guest room 客房-客房
STC-50
Guest room - corridor 客房-走廊
STC-50
Fan Rooms 风机房
STC-54
Refrigeration/boiler rooms 制冷机/锅炉房
STC-60
adjoining occupied spaces 相邻的居住场所
Operable or Folding partitions 可移动的或折叠式隔墙
STC-46
(include pass doors, and all flanking installations)（包括通行门，以及侧面安装在内）
(Note: Above operable or folding partitions to be manufactured to meet minimum sound
transmission value of STC-50).
（注：上述可移动的或折叠式隔墙要按照 STC-50 的最小声音传送数值制造）。
2.
Floor Slab Construction Over and Under MER Fan Rooms, separating from occupied spaces, 15cm
minimum thickness 367kg per m² reinforced stone concrete.
同客人场所分开的 MER 风机房上面和下面的楼面板构造，15cm 最小厚度 367kg/m2 的加强
石头混凝土。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
3.
Floor Slab Construction Over and Under Major MER Space of Boiler Room and Refrigeration
Room, Chiller Rooms separating from occupied spaces, 20cm minimum thickness 489kg per m²
reinforced stone concrete.
同客人场所分开的锅炉房和冷藏房，冷冻机房主要 MER 场所上面和下面楼面板构造，20cm
最小厚度 489kg/m2 的加强石头混凝土。
4.
Floor Slab Construction under Kitchen, Dance and High Sound Level Music Areas - Floating Floor
Construction, 10cm reinforced concrete slab resiliently supported by isolation systems providing
5cm air space, on top of 15cm reinforced concrete slab.
客人场所在厨房，跳舞和高噪声级别的音乐区域-浮动地板构造下面的楼面板构造，10cm 钢
筋混凝土板由可以提供 5cm 空气间隔的隔音系统来支撑在 15cm 钢筋混凝土板的顶部。
5.
Wall Construction between guest rooms shall, as a minimum, be equivalent to one of the
following:
客房之间的墙壁应该等于下列内容之一，作为最低要求：
a)
12.7cm thick stone concrete wall (or 15cm thick if structural), poured-in-place or precast. If
precast, top, bottom and end joints shall be completely filled and sealed. Total minimum
weight to be 230kg per m².
12.7cm 厚的石头混凝土墙（或 15cm 厚的，如果结构上允许），就地浇注或预浇注的。
如果是预浇注的，则其顶部，底部和端部的接合处都应该填满和密封。最小总重量应该
是每平方米 230kg。
b) 10cm thick masonry block plastered both sides with minimum 15mm plaster. Total minimum
weight of finished partition to be 230kg per m² for FSTC 50, 176kg per m² for STC 47.
10cm 厚的石砖两面都涂以最少 15mm 的灰泥。对于 FSTC50 的完工隔墙其最小总重量
应是每平方米 230kg，对于 STC47 为每平方米 176kg。
c)
10cm thick dry wall construction consisting of double layers of 13mm gypsum wallboard on
each side of 50mm metal studs with infill of 38mm fireproof sound attenuation blanket and
top, bottom and end joints completely sealed on both sided with an approved acoustical
sealant. (Vertical joints of the double layer are to be staggered).
由双层13mm石膏墙板组成的10cm厚干墙构造，其每一侧带有50mm金属双头螺栓内填38mm耐火及衰减声
音垫板，而且其顶部，底部和端部接合处两侧都用核准的声音密封剂完全密封。
d) All outlet boxes in partitions shall be offset horizontally from those on opposite side of the
partition by a minimum of 20cm, with all joints sealed and an uninterrupted layer of sound
attenuation blanket between.
隔墙上所有开关盒应该最少从隔壁墙面一侧上的那些盒子水平偏移 20cm（避免背靠
背），所有接合处都加密封并且在其之间要有一层不中断的衰减声音用的垫板。
6.
Doors - guest room entrance door shall be 44mm thick solid core wood doors, snugly fitted,
gasketed and with drop seals to attain a minimum rating of STC-35. Doors connecting between
room shall be tightly fitted, double solid core wood, gasketed with threshold drop-seals, minimum
STC-43. All other doors, except labelled fire doors, shall be equipped with rubber silencers, or
mutes. The Architects must detail the door frames on the door and frame schedule to show the
proper installation of the gaskets in a secure manner so that any specially rebated frames are
included in contract documents without question.
门 - 客房入口门应该是 44mm 厚的实心木门，配合贴切，装配有衬垫并带有自动下垂式密封
条以获得最小的 STC-35 等级。连通房的门应该配合紧密，双重实心木制，装配有衬垫并带
有自动下垂式密封条，最少 STC-43。除了标记为防火门的之外，所有其它的门都应该配备
橡胶隔音条。建筑师们必须考虑门上的门框架和框架安排的细则来表明衬垫是以可靠的方式
妥当安装的，从而在合同文件中毫无疑问地包括了任何特殊要求的框架。
7.
Movable Partitions - solid pressure seals all four sides; STC-50 construction barriers above and at
ends of all flanking partitions, acoustical lining all ductwork servicing separable spaces.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
可移动的隔墙 - 全部四侧都有坚固的压力密封；在所有侧面隔墙上方和端部为 STC-50 构造
屏障，服务于可分开场所的所有管道都加隔声衬里。
Partition manufacturer shall guarantee acoustical performance of his product, and construction
contractor shall guarantee highest quality of partition installation and adjoining work to assure
compliance with above standards.
移动隔墙的制造商应该保证其产品的声学性能，而建筑承包商应该保证有最高质量的隔墙安
装和相连的工作从而保证符合以上标准。
8.
Ceilings and all surface materials shall provide acceptable acoustical performance in all public
spaces, bars, restaurants, banquet rooms, etc. Treatment in each case shall be carried out by an IHG
approved Acoustical Consultant and Interior Designer.
天花板和所有表面材料都应该能在一切公共场所，酒吧，餐厅，宴会房等内提供可以接受的
声学性能。各种情况下的处理都应由洲际酒店集团核准的声学顾问和室内设计师来执行。
9.
Any exterior activity, (barbecue or other F&B), areas shall be located to avoid noise disturbance to
guest areas and neighbouring properties.
任何外部活动，（烧烤或F&B），应设置在避免给客人和邻近房屋造成噪声干扰的区域。
10. All partitions shall extend from floor to underside of slab, or equivalent sound barriers shall be
provided above hung ceilings. Mechanical penetrations shall be acoustically treated (sound baffles
or attenuators).
全部隔墙都应该从楼面延伸到楼板的下侧，或者应该在悬挂的天花板之上配备等效的隔声屏
障。机械式穿透应该经过声学处理（噪声挡板或衰减器）。
2.4.3
MECHANICAL INSTALLATION GENERAL 机械装备概要
1. All building equipment (plumbing, heating, ventilating, air conditioning, electrical and elevators)
including piping and ductwork shall be designed and installed to produce sound pressure levels
within occupied spaces not to exceed the following NC curves as explained in the latest issue of the
ASHRAE Guide & Data Book.
所有楼宇内的设备（管道工程，采暖，通风，空调，电气和电梯）包括管道系统和风管在内
都应该设计和安装得使它们在居住区域内所产生的声压水平不超过下列在 ASHRAE 指南及
数据手册最新版本中说明的 NC 曲线图表。
Guest Rooms (speed II of III)
NC-27* (Max 32dB) at bedhead
客房（III 种速度中的第 II 速度）
NC-27*（最大 32 分贝）在床头处
Guest Bathrooms 客房浴室
NC-35
Public Rooms 公共房间
NC-35-40
Meeting Rooms/Board Rm/Ballrooms 会议室/董事会房间/舞厅
NC-35
General Admin Offices 一般管理办公室
NC-40
Private offices 私人办公室
NC-35
Computer Rooms 计算机房
NC-40
Kitchens/Laundry 厨房/洗衣房
NC-50
Garage 车库
NC-60
Service Work Areas 服务工作区域
NC-45
Tele Conference Rooms 电话会议室
NC-30
*Note: measured at bedside 注：在床侧测得
2.
All such building equipment, including piping, ductwork, linen and rubbish chutes, shall be so
installed that its operation causes no objectionable structure-borne noise or vibration transmission
to occupied spaces. Isolation hangers, pads, insulation layers, air spaces will all be required in
different cases. Each potential source of vibration must be reviewed and means of isolation
specified.
所有楼宇内的这类设备，包括管道系统，风管，布草井道在内，都应该设计得使它们的运行
不对居住场所造成讨厌的结构噪声或传输振动。在不同的情况中全都需要隔离托架，垫板，
隔离层，空气间隔。必须检查每一种潜在的振动源并对隔振措施加以规定。
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2.4.4
3.
All building equipment including towers, fresh air intake, spill or exhaust louver faces or gratings
shall be so designed and installed that they result in no objectionable noise transmission to
adjoining properties or neighbours, and conform to local codes and regulations.
所有楼宇内的设备包括各种塔楼，新鲜空气入口，溢出或排气天窗工作面或格栅应该设计和
安装得使它们不对邻近的房屋或邻居造成讨厌的噪声传输，并且应该符合当地法规和规章
4.
All hotel operating equipment, including mechanical plant, engineering maintenance, kitchen and
laundry equipment, shall produce noise levels in their respective areas not to exceed 90dB,
measured on an A scale.
所有的酒店运行设备，包括机械设备，工程维护，厨房和洗衣设备，在它们各自区域内所产
生的噪音水平都应该不超过 A 级上测得的 90dB（分贝）。
GRILLES, REGISTERS, DIFFUSERS AND FAN COIL UNITS
格栅，百叶型风口，散流器和风机盘管装置
1. The maximum permissible sound power levels in octave bands of grilles, registers, diffusers and
fan coil units shall be as follows:
格栅，百叶型风口，散流器和风机盘管装置的最大以倍频程计的允许噪声功率水平如下：
Maximum PWL re 10-12 Watts
-12
最大功率级依照 10 瓦特
Octave Bands 倍频程 NC-35
1
62
2
56
3
49
4
46
5
43
6
42
7
41
8
42
2.4.5
NC-40
66
60
54
51
48
47
46
47
NC-45
68
63
58
56
53
52
51
52
NC-50
70
66
62
61
58
57
56
57
2.
Manufacturers shall be required to submit to the Architect's representative guaranteed sound power
level data in octave bands of grilles, register diffusers and fan coil units operated at low, medium
and high speeds.
应该要求制造商向建筑师代表提交关于在低，中，高速度下运行的格栅，百叶型风口，散流
器和风机盘管装置的有保证的以倍频程计的噪声功率水平数据。
3.
Grilles, registers, diffusers and fan coil units shall be tested in accordance with Ashrae Standard
36B-63.
格栅，百叶型风口，散流器和风机盘管装置应该按照 ASHRAE 标准 36B-63 进行测试。
4.
Should the Owning Company desire that fan coil units or terminal devices be checked for Company
conformance to the above acoustical performance, the cost of such tests will be paid by the Owning
Company if the equipment conforms. Otherwise, the cost of such test and costs of corrective
measures shall be borne by the Contractor.
如果业主公司希望风机盘管装置或终端装置按照公司要求进行核查以符合上述声学性能，如
果该装置合格则这类测试费用将由业主公司支付。否则，这类测试的费用和纠正措施的费用
应该由承包商承担。
ACOUSTICAL TREATMENT OF DUCT SYSTEMS 管道系统的隔声处理
1. Acoustically line with 25mm thick, 0.68kg glass fibre duct lining the following:
带有 25mm 厚，0.68kg 玻璃纤维风管隔音衬里如下：
a)
All conditioned air ductwork within mechanical equipment spaces, but not less than 7.5 meters,
from fan outlet.
所有空调风管应该在机械设备区域内，机械离风口不小于 7.5 米。
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b) A minimum distance of 6 meters upstream of all toilet exhaust fans.
所有厕所排风机上游最少 6 米距离。
c)
A minimum distance of 6 meters upstream of all supply air fans.
所有供气风机上游最少 6 米距离。
d) Downstream of all exhaust fans, or return air fans, except kitchen and laundry systems, a
minimum distance of 6 meters.
除了厨房和洗衣房系统之外，所有排风机，或回风风机的下游，最少 6 米距离。
e)
2.
Supply and return ductwork in function rooms equipped with folding or operable partitions as
required to control sound transmission during simultaneous usage of the divided spaces.
在配备有折叠式或可移动式隔墙的多功能厅内，供风和回风管系统在各个分隔场所同时
使用时要求控制噪声传输。
In certain conditions, packaged factory-built sound traps may provide more effective sound control
than acoustical lining, or may be economically advantageous. Such determination shall be made by
the acoustical engineer in consultation with the mechanical designer.
在某些情况下，成套的工厂制造的隔音器可以比隔音衬垫能提供更有效的噪声控制，或者可
以更经济。这种决定应该由声学工程师会同机械设计师协商做出。
2.4.6
EQUIVALENT ISOLATION SYSTEMS 等效隔音系统
For equipment mounted on slabs on grade, requirements may be less stringent, as determined by
acoustical consultant and approved by IHG Technical Services Department.
对于安装在混凝土厚板上的设备，要求的严格程度可以低一些，这是由声学顾问决定的并由 IHG
技术服务部批准的。
2.4.7
FOUNDATIONS AND VIBRATIONS ISOLATION 基础和隔振
a) All equipment, piping, etc., shall be mounted on or suspended from approved foundations and
supports, all as specified herein, as shown on the drawings, or as required.
所有的设备，管道系统，等都应该安装在经过核准的基础和支承之上或悬挂于其下，全部按
照本标准的规定，如同图纸上所示，或按照要求。
b) All concrete foundations and supports (and required reinforcing therefore) will be provided by
other Trades. Furnish shop drawings and templates for all concrete foundations and supports, and
shall furnish for setting all required bolts and other appurtenances necessary for the proper
installation of his equipment. All such work shall be shown in detail on the shop drawings, which
drawings shall be submitted to the Architect showing the complete details of all foundations,
including the necessary concrete and steel work, vibration isolation devices etc.
所有的混凝土基础和支承（以及因此所需要的钢筋）都将由其它行业提供。对所有的混凝土
基础和支承应该备有车间图纸和模板，并且还应该配备为了妥当安装其设备所需的全部螺栓
和附属件。所有这类工作都应该详细地表示在车间图纸上，这些图纸应该提交给建筑师，其
上表明了所有基础的全部细则，包括必须的混凝土和钢材工作，隔振装置等在内。
c)
All floor mounted equipment shall be erected on 4 inch high concrete pads over the complete area
of the equipment, unless specified to the contrary herein. Wherever hereinafter vibration
eliminating devices and/or concrete inertia blocks are specified, these items shall, in all cases, be in
turn mounted upon raised concrete pads unless specified to the contrary herein.
所有安装在地面上的设备都应该竖立在 4 英寸高的遍及设备全部面积的混凝土垫板上，除非
本标准中另有相反规定。一旦下文中规定了消振装置和/或混凝土惯性块，除非再有相反规
定，则在所有情况下，这些项目就应该依次安装在突起的混凝土垫板上。
d) Mounting systems and components of the isolation mounting shall not be resonant with any of the
forcing frequencies of the supported equipment or piping. Mounting sizes shall be determined by
the mounting manufacturer and mounting shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's
instructions.
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隔振装备各个系统和组成部分的安装不应该同所支承的设备或管道系统中任何一个强迫振动
频率发生共振。安装的尺寸应该由固定装置的制造商决定而且该固定装置应该按照制造商的
说明书进行安装。
e)
All mounting systems exposed to weather and other corrosive environments shall be protected with
factory corrosion resistance. All metal parts of mountings (except springs and hardware) to be hot
dip galvanised. Springs shall be cadmium plated and neoprene coated. Nuts and bolts shall be
cadmium plated.
所有暴露于大气和其他腐蚀性环境的固定装置系统都应该实验工厂的抗腐蚀措施加以保护。
固定装置的所有金属零件（除了弹簧和五金件之外）都要进行热浸镀锌。弹簧应该镀镉和涂
上一层氯丁橡胶。
f)
Where supplementary steel is required to support piping and/or ductwork, this steel shall be
designed to provide a maximum deflection of 2.032mm at the midspan under the supported load.
The piping shall be rigidly supported from the supplementary steel and the supplementary steel
isolated from the building structure by means of isolators described in Paragraphs entitled "support
of Piping and Boiler Breeching - Mounting Type XI".
当需要补充钢材来支承管道系统和/或输送管道时，这种钢材应该设计成在支承负荷的情况
下其跨度中点处的最大挠度为 2.032mm。管道系统应该由补充的钢件刚性地支承，而且该补
充钢件应该使用标题为“管道系统和锅炉部件的支承- XI 型固定装置”那一节中所述的隔
振器同楼宇的结构相隔离。
g) Where steel spring isolation systems are described in the following specifications, the mounting
assemblies shall utilise bare springs with the spring diameter not less than 0.8 of the loaded
operating height of the spring. Each spring isolator shall be designed and installed so that the ends
of the spring remain parallel during and after installation. The spring specified minimum deflection
from loaded operating height to spring solid height shall be 50% of the rated deflection. The
maximum motion of any resiliently supported equipment at start-up or shutdown shall be 1/4 inch.
Approved resilient lateral restraints shall be provided as required to limit motions in excess of 1/4
inch.
在下面的技术规格中叙述了钢弹簧隔振系统，固定装置的装配件应该利用的赤裸弹簧其弹簧
直径不小于弹簧具有负荷时运作高度的 0.8。每个弹簧隔振器应该设计和安装成能够使弹簧
的两端在安装时和安装之后都保持平行。从弹簧的负荷运作高度至弹簧的实心高度所规定的
弹簧最小挠度应该是额定挠度的 50%。任何经过静音支承的设备在启动或停止时的最大运动
应该是 1/4 英寸。应该根据要求配备经过核准的静音侧向抑制器来限制超过 1/4 的运动。
h) Guarantee that the work as installed under this Section of the Specifications will not result in the
transmission of objectionable noise or vibration to any occupied parts of the building, and take full
responsibility for any necessary modifications of this equipment, or of the foundations and supports
for the same, necessary to secure this result.
应该保证按照本节技术规格进行安装的工作将不会把讨厌的噪声或振动传输到楼宇的居住部
分，并且对本设备所需的任何修改承担全部责任，对基础和支承亦同样如此，必须保护这一
结果。
2.4.8
WATER NOISE CONTROL 水噪声的控制
a) Where flush valves are specified, generally for public toilets only, they shall be equal to Sloan
Royal Quiet Flush Valves, Model 110 for water closets, Model 186 for urinals. Piston type will not
be considered.
一般只对公用厕所规定使用冲水阀，它们应该等于斯隆高级静音冲水阀，型号 110 用于抽水
马桶，型号 186 用于小便池。不考虑使用活塞型的。
b) Pipes shall be sized to provide maximum water velocities as follows:
管子的尺寸应该确定得可以通过下列最大水速：
Pipe Sizes 管子尺寸
Up to 50mm
小于 50mm
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Maximum Velocity 最大速度
0.6 m/sec 米/秒
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65 to 100mm 65 至 100mm
125 to 200mm
125 至 200mm
250 to 300mm
250 至 300mm
355mm and up
355mm 及以上
c)
0.8 m/sec 米/秒
1.5 m/sec 米/秒
2.5 m/sec 米/秒
3.0 m/sec 米/秒
All piping in the hotel, especially in mechanical shafts, chases and suspended ceilings contiguous to
guest rooms and public spaces shall be so installed that it is neither in contact with nor rigidly
fastened to structural or architectural elements of the building. All such piping including domestic
water, chilled water and condenser water must be properly supported in resilient pads of approved
type.
邻近于客房和公共场所的所有管道系统，特别是在机械井筒，造型和吊天花内的，都应该安
装得既不和楼宇的结构或建筑单元相接接触也不与之刚性地固定在一起。所有这类管道系统
包括对内用水，冷冻水和冷凝器水的在内都必须支承在经过核准的有弹性的衬垫上。
All pipes penetrating building walls must be installed in steel pipe sleeves, with fibre glass packing
between the pipe and the sleeve to insure against trans-mission of any vibration from the pipes to
the walls. Where steel tubs are used, in places where cast iron is not readily available, the tub must
be set in a sound deadening bed.
所有穿透建筑物墙壁的管子都必须安装在钢管套中，在管子和管套之间具有玻璃纤维封装来
确保任何振动不从管子传递到墙壁上。如果铸铁浴缸不容易得到而使用了钢板浴缸，浴缸必
须安装在隔音材料的基床上。
2.4.9
STEAM PIPING SIZING 蒸汽管道系统尺寸的确定
Steam Piping Sizing shall provide for a maximum velocity of 25 m/sec.
蒸汽管道系统尺寸的确定应该可以提供25米/秒的最大速度。
2.4.10
DUCTWORK SIZING 风管系统尺寸的确定
Ductwork sizing shall provide maximum air velocities as follows:
风管系统尺寸的确定应该可以提供如下的最大速度：
Air Capacity 空气容量
Up to 1700 m³/hr
1700 to 至 17,000 m³/hr
Over 17,000 m³/hr
小于1700立方米/小时
1700 至 17,000 立方米/小时
大于 17,000 立方米/小时
Exceptions: Kitchen and Laundry Exhaust
例外情况：厨房和洗衣房排水管
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4 m/sec 4米/秒
6 m/sec 6 米/秒
7 m/sec 7 米/秒
8m/sec 8 米/秒
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2.5
TECHNICAL DETAILS 技术细则
This section of the HVAC standard incorporates all subjects not mentioned elsewhere, or which have
been considered, but not in its entirety.
本节 HVAC（采暖，通风和空调）标准说明的是别处未曾提及的，或是曾经提到过但并不完整的所
有主题。
Where indicated these standards should apply to all aspects of design work, and must not be departed
from.
所说明的这些标准应该适用于设计工作的所有方面，而且必须不违反它们。
2.5.1
VIBRATION ISOLATION 隔振
1. Anti-vibration Mountings: 隔振装置
General: 概要
The mountings/hangers shall be provided with a positioning or restraining device, which will
prevent the equipment position changing if its load changes; for example, during draining down of
the equipment or other maintenance.
减震器或减震吊杆应该配备有一个定位或限制装置，可以防止设备的位置因负载变化而变
动；例如，在将设备排水排空或其它维修时。
The device shall consist of a stud passing through an oversize hole with a nut and lock nut
providing restraint. A fibre or neoprene washer shall be fitted between nut and restraining member,
leaving a clearance of at least 1mm. The Design Engineer must approve alternative methods of
restraint.
这个装置应该由一根穿过特大孔的双头螺栓组成，后者带有一个提供限制作用的螺母和锁紧
螺母。纤维制品或氯丁橡胶的垫圈应该配备在螺母和限制件之间，保留至少 1mm 的间隙。设
计工程师必须对限制装置的替代方案予以批准。
All mountings shall provide the static deflection, by the Design Engineer specified. Mounting
selection shall allow for any eccentric load distribution or torque reaction, so that the design
deflection is achieved on all mountings under the equipment, under operating conditions.
所有的减震装置都必须通过设计工程师的规定具有一个静态变形量。减震装置的选择应该允
许任何偏心负荷的分布或扭矩的反作用力，从而在设备运行条件下，所有减震装置可以达到
设计的变形量。
Ensure that all mountings offered are suitable for the loads, operating and environmental conditions
which will prevail. Particular attention shall be paid to mountings, which will be exposed to
atmospheric conditions to prevent corrosion.
应该保证所有的减震装置都适合于它们所承受的负荷，运行情况和环境条件。应该特别注意
那些将暴露于大气条件下要防止腐蚀的减震装置。
All mountings shall be colour coded, or otherwise marked, to indicate their load capacity, to
facilitate identification during installation.
所有的减震装置都应该具有颜色编码，或者另行标记，来指明其负荷容量，有助于安装时的
判别。
2.5.2
THERMAL INSULATION AND PIPE IDENTIFICATION 隔热和管道判别
2.5.2.1. General Workmanship 总的工作质量
Before applying insulation all surfaces shall be free of dust, grease and foreign matter. Insulation shall
not be applied to any pipe duct or equipment until the required pressure testing has been completed,
systems are proved for tightness and any painting or trace heating required has been applied.
在进行隔热之前所有的表面都应该没有灰尘，油脂和外来物。任何管道或设备都应该在完成所
需的压力测试、系统已经完成密封性测试和油漆工作，以及跟踪加热之后才能进行隔热。
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All pipework insulation, facings, vapour barriers and finishes shall be continuous and sealed through
floor and wall sleeves, hangers, supports and attachments.
所有管道的绝热层，饰面，防潮层和面漆在通过楼板和墙壁套管，吊架，支承和附加装置时应
该是连续的和密封的。
Where pipework penetrates walls, partitions, floor slabs, etc, the space between them and the sleeve
shall be packed for the full depth of the penetration with an approved fire resistant material and sealed
with non-hardening mastic.
在管道穿透墙壁，隔墙，楼板等的场合，它们同套管之间的空间应该在全部穿透深度上使用核
准的耐火材料封装并且用永不硬化的胶泥密封。
2.5.2.2. Fire & Smoke Hazard Rating 火灾及烟雾的危险级别
• The insulation material shall be of limited combustibility.
隔热材料应该是阻燃的。
•
Submittals of insulation and accessory materials shall include a written certification that the
material being submitted for approval meets the above criteria.
提交隔热材料和附属材料时应该包括一份书面证明在内，证明该材料经过核准达到以上标准。
•
Repair and/or replace insulation damaged and/or removed during the course of the Works and until
final acceptance.
在工作过程中或最终验收之前应该将损坏的和/或取下的隔热材料修复和/或更换。
2.5.2.3. Fire Protection Cladding 防火覆盖物
• Where required within the specification or detailed on the drawings, services shall be enclosed with
a fire protection cladding material providing the level of fire rating indicated.
当技术规格或图纸上细则之内有要求时，服务内容应该包括提供具有指定防火级别的防火覆
盖材料在内。
•
The fire protection cladding shall provide the level of fire rating required, taking into account the
service for which the cladding is designed.
防火覆盖物应该具备设计服务目的所需的防火级别。
•
The fire protection material shall have been tested in accordance with BS476: Part 24.
防火材料应该按照 BS476：第 24 部分进行过测试。
•
The fire protection material shall have an inherent structural strength and be capable of retaining
shape and resistance to heat transfer throughout the period of exposure to fire.
防火材料应该能在暴露于火的整个期间具有固有的结构强度并能够保持形状和抵抗热量的传
输。
•
Generally all services shall be protected on all sides. Where an adjacent slab or wall is conveniently
placed to form one side of the enclosure it may be utilised, subject to its fire rating being as that of
the required enclosure, being adequately connected and sealed between that wall or slab and the
enclosure.
通常所有服务对象在全部侧面上都应该受到保护。当邻近的板层或墙壁被方便地放置从而形
成它可以利用的围墙的一侧时，其防火级别应该同所需的围墙一样，而且在该墙壁或板层同
围墙之间进行恰当的连接和密封。
•
The service support system and drop rods shall be fire protected to the same standard as the service
to which they are supporting.
服务对象支承系统和下降杆的防火保护应该和它们所支承的服务对象同一个标准。
The recommendations of the manufacturer shall be strictly adhered to in constructing the fire
cladding enclosures.
在施工防火覆盖围墙时应该严格坚持制造商的建议。
•
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
•
Before applying fire protection cladding, ensure that all surfaces are free of dust, grease and foreign
matter. The cladding shall not be applied to any service or equipment until the required pressure
testing has been completed and the system approved for tightness.
在采用防火覆盖物之前，应该保证所有表面都没有灰尘，油脂和外来物。应该在所需的压力
测试已经完成和系统紧密性获得核准之后才能对任何服务对象或设备施加覆盖物。
•
Sections of fire cladding shall be left down, or removed, for purposes of commissioning and
balancing of the system, and replaced upon completion of these works. The Commissioning
Contractor shall identify the sections of ductwork that are required to be exposed.
为了系统试运转和平衡的目的，防火覆盖物的各个部分应该移去，或取下，但是在这些工作
完成之后就应该复原。调试工作的承包商应该判明管道中需要暴露的各个部分。
2.5.2.4. Pipework/ductwork Insulation 管道/风管的隔热
• LPHW Heating:
• LPHW 加热：
To be insulated with fiber glass insulation H & V Pipe Sections, having a nominal density not less
than 48kg/m³, with a factory applied reinforced aluminium foil laminate.
使用 H&V 管子章节中所述的玻璃棉隔热，其公称密度不小于 48 公斤/立方米，并带有工厂
所应用的加强铝箔层。
Thickness generally as follows:
厚度一般如下：
PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (mm) 管子的隔热厚度
HOT FACE TEMPERATURES (ºC) 热面温度(ºC)
PIPE BORE PIPE O.D.
HOT WATER SERVICE (80ºC)
管子孔径
管子外径
热水服务(80ºC)
(mm)
(mm)
mm thickness 厚度
15
21
30
20
27
30
25
34
40
32
42
40
40
48
40
50
60
40
65
76
50
80
89
50
100
114
50
Joints to be securely taped with Idenden type T303, 75mm wide soft aluminium foil tape, or similar
and approved.
接合处要使用 Idenden 型 T303，75mm 宽的软铝箔带，或经过核准的同类物品加以紧捆。
The whole to be further retained in position by light gauge aluminium bands at not more than
450mm centres.
整体要用轻量级的铝带在不大于 450mm 中心处进一步保持就位。
•
Chilled Water/Condenser Water: 冷冻水/冷凝器水
To be insulated with glass mineral wool H & V Pipe Sections, having a nominal density not less
than 100kg/m³, with a factory applied reinforced aluminium foil laminate.
使用 H&V 管子章节中所述的玻璃矿物棉进行隔热，其公称密度不小于 100 公斤/立方米，并
带有工厂所施加的加强铝箔层板。
Attention to be paid to maintaining vapour barrier particularly at termination points, where
insulation edges are to be over-taped and returned to piping surface.
特别要注意保持在终端各点处的蒸气屏障，在那里的隔热材料的边缘要重复捆扎并返回至管
道表面。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Furthermore, where insulation abuts pipe supports, insulation should be taped to all supports to
maintain the integrity of the vapour barrier.
此外，在隔热材料邻接管子支承处，隔热材料应该捆扎到所有支承从而保持蒸气屏障的整体
性。
Thickness generally as follows:
厚度一般如下：
Protection against freezing 抵抗冷冻的保护
OD of Pipe (mm) installation
Insulation thickness (mm) 隔热厚度（毫米）
管子的安装外径（毫米）
Indoor installation 室内安装
Outdoor 室外
21
20
20
27
20
20
34
20
20
42
20
20
48
20
20
60
20
20
76
25
25
89
25
25
Over 89mm and including flat surfaces
25
25
超过 89mm 和包括平表面在内
Prevention of Condensation for Cold & Chilled Water 防止冷水和冷冻水冷凝
Insulation thickness (mm) 隔热厚度（mm）
OD of Pipe (mm)
Water Temperature
Water Temperature
管子外径（毫米）
水温
水温
21
20
25
27
20
30
34
20
30
42
25
30
48
25
30
60
25
30
76
25
30
89
25
30
Over 89mm and including flat surfaces
25
40
超过 89mm 和包括平表面在内
NOTE: If insulation is not manufactured in thickness specified, substitute the nearest, grater
thickness manufactured.
注：如果隔热层不能按照规定的厚度制造，则取代之以最接近的较大厚度制造。
•
Air Duct Insulation
空调风管保温
To be insulated with fiber glass insulation with a factory applied reinforced aluminium foil
laminate. Density of insulation should be no less than 48kg/m3 with 30mm thickness. Maximum
heat conductivity coefficient (K-factor) should be 0.033w/m.k at mean temperature(20℃).
采用离心玻璃棉保温，表面贴有原厂配置的防潮层，防潮层需为双面铝质。保温材料密度不
小于 48kg/m3, 厚度为 30mm，导热系数(K 值)在平均温度 20℃下不大于 0.033 W/m.K。
2.5.2.5. Equipment Insulation 设备的隔热
• Material and Finishes: 材料和最终加工
Lamella glass mineral wool
薄片玻璃矿物质羊毛
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
Density 密度
K Value K 值
24 Kg/m³
0.047 w/mk
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
Rigid insulation board
刚性隔热板
Cylindrical heating calorifiers
and the exchangers.
圆柱形加热器和热交换器
Chilled domestic and hot water
tanks.
冷冻水和热水水箱
Chilled, hot water and heating
pumps.
冷冻水，热水和加热泵
•
48 Kg/m³
0.035 w/mk
50mm thick, 24 kg/m³ density, lamella glass mineral wool
insulation, Class `O' aluminium foil faced. The lamella to be
cut and wrapped around, with longitudinal and butt joints
securely stuck with suitable adhesive and taped with
matching Class `O' tape not less than 100mm wide.
Insulation to be retained in position with aluminium lock type
bands.
50mm 厚，24 kg/m³密度，薄片玻璃矿物棉隔热层，O'级
铝箔贴面。薄片要切开并卷缠住，其纵向的和对缝结合
点要用合适的粘结剂紧紧粘住并用相配的宽度不小于
100mm 的 O’级带捆扎。隔热层用铝的锁型带保持就位。
50mm thick, 48 kg/m³ density, Class `O' faced glass mineral
wool rigid insulation board. Adhere to the tank with suitable
adhesive and with stick pins and speed washers spaced on
300mm centres maximum. Pins spaced not more than 80mm
from insulation joints and from corners of tank. Minimum of
two rows of pins per side of tank. Seal all joints with 100mm
wide Class `O' tape.
50mm 厚，48 kg/m³密度，薄片玻璃矿物棉刚性隔热板。
用合适的粘结剂粘贴在水箱上，并使用杆形销子和中心
相隔最大 300mm 的垫圈。销子的布置相距隔热层结合点
和水箱各个角落不大于 80mm。水箱每边最少要两排销
子。用 100mm 宽的 O’级带子对所有结合点进行密封。
50mm, thick, 48 kg/m³ density, unfaced glass mineral wool
rigid board insulation applied to the inside of aluminium sheet
metal housing with adhesive and secured with stick pins and
speed washers. Details as described hereinbelow under
"Removal Head Insulation".
50mm 厚，48 kg/m³密度，薄片玻璃矿物棉刚性板隔热层
应用于铝板金属壳体的内侧，用粘结剂并用杆式销子和
速度垫圈固定。详细内容描述在本文随后的“移动头的
隔热”一节中。
Removable Head Insulation: 可移动的头部隔热
Removable insulation boxes shall be provided for all equipment such as coolers, chilled and hot
water pumps, strainers, etc, which require access to internal parts for servicing and maintenance.
The insulation box shall consist of an appropriately shaped, 22g aluminium sheet metal housing.
The insulation shall be carefully cut and fitted to the pump or equipment bodies and sealed with
100mm wide Bright Class `O' foil tape to provide a vapour barrier. The enclosure shall be split for
convenient removal and fitted with quick release toggle fasteners to permit easy access to seals
bearings and casing. Lifting eyes or handles shall be provided to facilitate removal. A soft seal shall
be provided at the point of shaft entry into the insulated enclosure. Details of removable, insulated
enclosures for equipment shall be submitted to the Design Engineer for approval.
可以将可移动的隔热箱提供给所有的设备诸如冷却器，激冷水和热水泵，粗滤器，等等，这
些设备需要接近到它们的内部来进行检修和维护。隔热箱应该由一个形状合适的，22g 铝板
金属壳体组成。隔热材料应该仔细地切开和同水泵或设备的本体相配合并且用 100mm 宽的
光亮 O’级箔带进行密封从而可以提供蒸气屏障。为了移动方便起见，外壳应该可以裂开并
配有快速释放式肘形紧固件从而允许接近密封件，轴承和壳体。应该配备吊环或把手以有利
于搬动。在轴进入隔热外壳处应该配备软密封。用于设备的可移动的，隔热外壳的细则应该
提交给设计工程师来获得批准。
2.5.2.6. Protection Against Weather Exposure 针对露天暴露的保护
• Pipework where exposed to weather shall be PIB weatherproof finished as follows:
暴露于露天的管道系统应该按如下进行 PIB 露天保护：
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
In addition to the standard insulation finish specified, pipework shall be finished with
polyisobutylene sheeting. All longitudinal overlap joints to be welded together with suitable
approved solvent. Butt joints to be overlapped by not less than 100mm and securely welded with
suitable approved solvent. All overlaps must be arranged to shed water and prevent the ingress of
moisture.
除了规定的标准隔热处理之外，管道系统还应该使用聚异丁烯护板加以最终完工。所有纵向
的重叠接缝都要用合适的经过核准的熔剂焊接在一起。对头连接点的重叠要不小于 100mm 并
且要用合适的经过核准的熔剂焊接牢固。所有的重叠必须不能积水而且要防止潮气浸入。
Flanges, access doors, accessories and equipment requiring access shall be treated with purpose
made insulated, weather-proofed jackets or enclosures or lined 22 gauge aluminium box with all
joints sealed with silicon, which can be easily removed and replaced.
要求可以接近的法兰，通行门，附件和设备都应该使用专门制成隔热的，防风吹雨打的护套
或外壳或衬里的 22 号厚度的铝盒加以处理，其接缝全部用硅密封，后者很容易除去或更换。
2.5.2.7. Pipework Identification 管道系统的判别
• All pipework systems shall be identified to indicate service, contents of pipework and direction of
flow.
所有管道系统都应该加以判别以指明其服务对象，管道中的介质和流动方向。
Adjacent to each identification bond self adhesive labels having a white background and black
lettering shall be attached identifying the pipeline contents.
一种具有白色背景和黑色文字的自身粘结标签应该黏附于每一个判别标志邻近来说明管路中
的内容。
•
Identification shall be by means of PVC bands for basic colours, safety colours and code
identification colours as follows:
判别标志对于基本颜色来说应该使用 PVC 带子，安全颜色和编码判别颜色如下：
Identification code for refrigeration lines shall include the refrigerant number.
用于制冷剂管道的判别码应该包括制冷剂的号码在内。
•
Additionally direction of flow arrows shall be provided on self adhesive PVC bands adjacent to the
identification bands, arrows shall also be overmarked with letter F or R to indicate flow or return as
appropriate.
此外，在相邻于识别带的自身粘结 PVC 带子上应该具有流动箭头的方向，箭头上还要加上
字母 F 或 R 的记号用来指明向前流动或是向回流动。
•
Identification bands shall be provided at all junctions. Both sides of valves, pumps and equipment
items, each side of wall and floor penetrations, behind defined ceiling and duct access panels and
generally at intervals not exceeding 6.0m along straight runs of pipework.
所有联结点处都要配备判别带。阀的两侧，泵和设备项目，墙壁和楼板穿透处的每一侧，在
确定的天花板和输送管接入板后面以及通常沿着管道直线部分不超过 6.0m 的间隔处。
•
The safety colour and colour code indication bands shall be 100mm wide, between two basic colour
identification bands each of a length of 150mm. The indication shall be at centres of not more than
six metres and adjacent to all valves and items of plant.
安全颜色和颜色码指示带应该是 100mm 宽，位于两条每条长 150mm 的基本颜色判别带之
间。指示带应该位于各个不超过六米的中心处并且相邻于所有的阀和车间的各个项目。
•
Pipe sizes, pipe contents, flow and return (F and R) designation and direction of flow arrows in
black shall be applied on the basic colour identification band.
黑色的管子尺寸，管子内容，向前和向回流动（F 和 R）的标志以及流动箭头的方向都应该
施加在基本颜色判别带上。
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 2 – HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
2.5.2.8.
•
Flow and return (F and R) and direction flow arrows shall be in Black with letters 20mm high on
50mm wide self adhesive tape applied in a continuous band around the pipe insulation.
向前流动和返回流动（F 和 R）和流动方向箭头应该是黑色的带有 20mm 高的字母并且是位
于 50mm 宽的自身粘结带子上，后者则施加于围绕着管子隔热层的一根连续带之中。
•
The safety colour, contents code and colour indication bands shall be applied by means of self
adhesive tape as flow code or equal and approved.
安全颜色，内容码和颜色指示带应该使用和流动码一样或相等的自身粘结带并应经过核准。
•
Pipe contents (eg LPHW) shall be Black lettering 20mm high on 50mm wide clear self adhesive
tape with one set of identification letters per colour code.
管子的内容（如 LPHW）应该是在 50mm 宽干净的自身粘结带上的 20mm 高的黑色文字带有
一套按照颜色码的判别字母。
•
Pipe sizes shall be metric in Black printed lettering 20mm high on 50mm wide clear self adhesive
labels.
管子的尺寸应该是公制的，它是在 50mm 宽干净的自身粘结带上的 20mm 高的黑色打印文字。
•
Provide in the quantity required by the O & M Manuals a chart of the identification used indicating
the duct colour direction of flow for all identified works.
在操作和维修手册所需要的数量中应该提供一张判别图表用来对所有经过判别的工作指出其
输送管的流动方向颜色。
Schedule of Piped Services Identification Colours (MANDATORY)
管道服务对象判别颜色的安排（强制的）
Service 服务对象
1. Fuel Oil : Diesel 燃料油：柴油
2. Hydraulic Oil 液压油
3. Transformer Oil 变压器油
4. Lubricating Oil 润滑油
5. Natural Gas 天然气
6. Electrical 电气
7. Antifreeze 防冻剂
BSM Coolant BSM 冷冻剂
8. Drinking Water 饮用水
9. Heating > 100°C 加热> 100°C
Heating < 100°C 加热< 100°C
10. Pump Cooling Water 泵冷却水
11. Hot Water 热水
12. Drinking Water 饮用水
13. Cold Water 冷水
14. Rain Water 雨水
2.5.2.9.
Basic Colour 基本色
Brown 棕色
Brown 棕色
Brown 棕色
Brown 棕色
Yellow Ochre 赭黄色
Orange 桔黄色
Colour Bands 颜色带
White 白色
Salmon Pink 鲑鱼粉红色
Crimson 深红色
Emerald Green 翠绿色
Yellow 黄色
---
Green 绿色
Violet 紫色
Green 绿色
Green 绿色
Green 绿色
Green 绿色
Green 绿色
Green 绿色
Green 绿色
Black 黑色
Auxiliary Blue 辅助蓝色
Crimson/Blue/Crimson 深红/蓝/深红
Blue/Crimson/Blue 蓝/深红/蓝
White 白色
White/Crimson/White 白/深红/白
Blue 蓝色
White/Blue/White 白/蓝/白
Black 黑色
Colours To Be Used 待使用的颜色
Black 黑色
White 白色
Light Blue 淡蓝
Orange 橙色
Green 绿色
Violet 紫色
Yellow 黄色
Red 红色
00E53
00E55
20E51
06E51
12D45
22C37
10E53
04E53
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
Emerald Green 翠绿色
Salmon Pink 鲑鱼粉红色
Crimson 深红
Yellow Ochre 赭黄色
Auxiliary Blue 辅助蓝
Brown 棕色
Silver Grey 银灰色
Grey 灰色
14E53
04C33
04D45
08C35
18E53
06C39
10A03
10A07
107
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3) ELECTRICAL
电气
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108
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.1
INCOMING SUPPLIES AND METERING 输入电源与计量 ............................................... 115
3.1.1
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 115
3.1.2
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 116
3.1.3
SPECIFICATION AND APPLICATIONS GUIDE 技术说明和应用指导 .......... 118
3.1.3.1.
3.1.3.2.
3.2
Incoming Electrical Supplies 输入电源 ......................................................................... 118
Metering 测量 ................................................................................................................ 119
3.1.4
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约.................. 120
3.1.5
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置......................................................................... 121
3.1.6
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常运行和维护 ........................................... 122
MV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 中压配电系统 ....................................................................... 123
3.2.1.
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 123
3.2.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 123
3.2.2.1.
3.2.2.2.
3.2.2.3.
3.2.3.
3.2.3.1.
3.2.3.2.
3.2.3.3.
3.2.4.
3.2.4.1.
3.2.4.2.
3.2.4.3.
3.2.5.
3.2.5.1.
3.2.5.2.
3.2.5.3.
3.2.6.
3.2.6.1.
3.2.6.2.
3.2.6.3.
3.2.7.
3.2.7.1.
3.2.7.2.
3.2.7.3.
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ...................................................................................... 123
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 123
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 123
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术规格及应用指导 .................. 124
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ...................................................................................... 124
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 125
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 125
ENVIRONMENT& ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护 .................. 127
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ...................................................................................... 127
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 128
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 128
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置......................................................................... 128
MV Switchgear 中压开关............................................................................................. 128
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 128
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 128
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行及测试.................................................. 128
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ...................................................................................... 128
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 129
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 129
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维护 ....................................................... 129
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ...................................................................................... 129
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 130
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 130
3.2.8. SPARE PARTS ....................................................................................................... 130
零配件 130
3.2.8.1.
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备 ...................................................................................... 130
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SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.2.8.2.
3.2.8.3.
3.3.
LV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 低压配电系统 ........................................................................ 131
3.3.1.
GENERAL 一般规定 ............................................................................................. 131
3.3.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则 .............................................................................. 131
3.3.2.1.
3.3.2.2.
3.3.2.3.
3.3.2.4.
3.3.2.5.
3.3.3.
3.3.3.1.
3.3.3.2.
3.3.3.3.
3.3.3.4.
3.3.3.5.
3.3.4.
3.3.4.1.
3.3.4.2.
3.3.4.3.
3.3.4.4.
3.3.4.5.
3.4.
LV Switchgear 低压开关装置 ....................................................................................... 131
Bus Duct Systems 母线管道系统 .................................................................................. 131
Voltage Regulators 电压调节器 .................................................................................... 132
Power Factor Correction 功率因数校正 ........................................................................ 132
LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆 .......................................................................... 132
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和使用指南 .......................... 132
LV Switchgear 低压开关装置 ....................................................................................... 132
Bus Duct Systems 母线导管系统 .................................................................................. 133
Voltage Regulators 电压调节器 .................................................................................... 133
Power Factor Correction 功率因数校正 ........................................................................ 133
LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆 .......................................................................... 134
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维修 ................................................... 134
LV Switchgear 低压开关装置 ....................................................................................... 134
Bus-duct Systems 母线导管系统 .................................................................................. 135
Voltage Regulators 电压调节器 .................................................................................... 135
Power Factor Correction Equipment 功率因数校正设备.............................................. 135
LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆 .......................................................................... 135
STANDBY POWER SYSTEM 备用电力系统 ......................................................................... 136
3.4.1.
GENERAL 一般规定 ............................................................................................. 136
3.4.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则 .............................................................................. 136
3.4.2.1.
3.4.2.2.
3.4.3.
3.4.3.1.
3.4.3.2.
3.4.3.3.
3.4.4.
3.4.4.1.
3.4.4.2.
3.4.5.
3.4.5.1.
3.4.5.2.
3.5.
MV Cables 中压电缆..................................................................................................... 130
Transformers 变压器 ..................................................................................................... 130
Diesel Generator and Controls 柴油发电机和控制装置 ............................................... 136
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System 不中断电力供应（UPS）系统 ............. 139
SPECIFICATIONS & APPLICATIONS GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ..................... 139
Diesel Generator and Controls 柴油发电机和控制装置 ............................................... 139
Prime Power 最初的电力 .............................................................................................. 140
UPS System 不中断电力供应（UPS）系统 ................................................................ 141
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约.................. 142
Standby Diesel Generator 备用柴油发电机 .................................................................. 142
UPS System 不间断电源系统 ....................................................................................... 143
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS 操作和维修说明书 ......... 143
Standby Generator 备用发电机 ..................................................................................... 143
UPS System 不间断电源系统 ....................................................................................... 143
EARTHING AND BONDING 接地和连接 .............................................................................. 145
3.5.1.
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 145
3.5.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 145
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.5.3.
3.6.
LIGHTING SYSTEMS 照明系统.............................................................................................. 147
3.6.1.
GENERAL 综述 ..................................................................................................... 147
3.6.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则 .............................................................................. 147
3.6.3.
SPECIFICATIONS & APPLICATION GUIDE 说明书和应用指南 .................... 151
3.6.3.1.
3.6.3.2.
3.6.3.3.
3.6.4.
3.6.4.1.
3.6.4.2.
3.6.4.3.
3.7.
3.8.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明以及应用指导 .............. 145
Luminaires 灯具............................................................................................................. 151
Dimming Systems 调光系统 ......................................................................................... 152
Lighting Control Systems 照明控制系统 ...................................................................... 154
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节能 ......................... 155
Luminaires 灯具............................................................................................................. 155
Dimming Systems 调光系统 ......................................................................................... 155
Lighting Control Systems 照明控制系统 ...................................................................... 156
3.6.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试.................................................. 156
3.6.6.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 操作和维护 ................................................... 156
3.6.7.
SPARE PARTS 备件 .............................................................................................. 156
3.6.8.
RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURERS 推荐的制造商 .................................... 157
POWER SYSTEMS 电力系统 ................................................................................................... 158
3.7.1.
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 158
3.7.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 158
3.7.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明及应用指导 .................. 158
3.7.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节能 ......................... 159
3.7.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和测试.................................................. 159
3.7.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维护 ....................................................... 160
3.7.7.
RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURERS 推荐生产厂商 .................................... 160
GUEST ROOM REQUIREMENTS 客房要求 ......................................................................... 161
3.8.1.
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 161
3.8.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 161
3.8.2.1.
3.8.2.2.
3.8.2.3.
3.8.2.4.
General 概要 .................................................................................................................. 161
Lighting 照明 ................................................................................................................. 162
Power 电力..................................................................................................................... 163
Communications 通信.................................................................................................... 163
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SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.8.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明以及应用指导 .............. 163
3.8.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 164
3.8.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试.................................................. 164
3.8.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维保 ....................................................... 165
SWIMMING POOL INSTALLATIONS 游泳池安装 ............................................................. 166
3.9.
3.9.1.
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 166
3.9.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 166
3.9.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明和应用指导 .................. 166
3.10.
FOOD PREPARATION AREA INSTALLATION 食品准备区域的安装 ............................ 168
3.10.1. GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 168
3.10.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 168
3.10.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 168
3.11.
AIRCRAFT OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS 航空障碍灯 .............................................................. 170
3.11.1. GENERAL 一般规定 ............................................................................................. 170
3.12.
SECURITY SYSTEMS (REFERENCE TO IHG SECURITY MASTER PLAN DOCUMENT)
171
安全系统（参照洲际安全总体规划要求） ............................................................................................. 171
3.12.1. GENERAL 一般规定 ............................................................................................. 171
3.12.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 171
3.12.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 171
3.12.3.1.
3.12.3.2.
3.12.3.3.
System Concept 系统概念 ............................................................................................. 171
Subsystems 子系统 ........................................................................................................ 172
Equipment 设备 ............................................................................................................. 173
3.12.4. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试.................................................. 180
3.12.5. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维护 ................................................... 180
3.12.6. SPARE PARTS 零件 .............................................................................................. 180
3.12.7. APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 合格制造商................................................... 181
3.13.
COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA SYSTEMS 通信与数据系统.......................................... 182
3.13.1. General 一般叙述 ................................................................................................... 182
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SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.13.2. Design Criteria 设计标准 ....................................................................................... 182
3.13.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 ............................................ 182
3.13.4. Commissioning and Testing 试运行和测试 ........................................................... 183
3.13.5. Telephone Standards - These standards apply to all new and conversion hotels. ... 183
电话标准 - 这些标准适用于所有新建和传统酒店 ......................................................... 183
3.14.
LIGHTNING PROTECTION 雷电保护................................................................................... 185
3.14.1. GENERAL 一般叙述 ............................................................................................. 185
3.14.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 185
3.14.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 185
3.14.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约.................. 186
3.14.5. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试.................................................. 186
3.14.6. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 ................................................... 186
3.15.
MASTER ANTENNA TELEVISION AERIAL SYSTEM 共用天线电视的天线系统 ......... 187
3.15.1. GENERAL 一般叙述 ............................................................................................. 187
3.15.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 187
3.15.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 187
3.16.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FUNCTION ROOMS 关于多功能厅的特别规定 ....... 189
3.16.1. GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 189
3.16.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 189
3.16.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 190
3.16.3.1.
3.16.3.2.
3.16.3.3.
3.16.3.4.
Lighting 照明 ................................................................................................................. 190
Small Power 备用电源 .................................................................................................. 190
Data/Voice System 数据/语音系统 ............................................................................... 191
MATV System 共用天线电视系统 ............................................................................... 191
3.16.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约.................. 191
3.17.
AUDIO VISUAL SYSTEMS 视音频系统 ................................................................................. 192
3.17.1. GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 192
3.17.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 192
3.17.2.1.
3.17.2.2.
Background Music/Paging System 背景音乐/广播系统 ............................................... 192
Local Sound Systems 本地音响系统............................................................................. 192
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SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.17.2.3.
3.17.2.4.
3.17.2.5.
3.17.2.6.
Simultaneous Interpretation System 同声传译系统 ...................................................... 193
Conferencing System 会议系统..................................................................................... 194
Video Presentation Systems 视频演示系统................................................................... 194
Staff Paging System 员工呼叫系统............................................................................... 194
3.17.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规范及使用指南 .......................... 194
3.17.3.1.
3.17.3.2.
3.17.3.3.
3.17.3.4.
3.17.3.5.
3.17.3.6.
3.17.3.7.
3.17.3.8.
3.17.3.9.
3.17.3.10.
3.17.3.11.
3.17.3.12.
3.17.3.13.
3.17.3.14.
3.18.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 194
Coordination 协调 .......................................................................................................... 195
Areas Requiring Sound System Installation 需安装音响系统的区域........................... 198
Location of Sound System Electronics 音响系统电气设备的位置 .............................. 206
Control Rooms 控制室 .................................................................................................. 206
Emergency and Life Safety Operation 紧急情况与生命安全操作 ............................... 208
Standards of Acceptance for Sound System Components 音响系统元器件的验收标准209
General Construction Requirements for the Sound System 音响系统总的建筑要求 ... 209
Basic Sound System Performance 音响系统的基本性能 ............................................. 211
Key to Sound System Design Guidelines 音响系统设计大纲的要点 .......................... 212
Coordination to Interface to Audio Visual Systems 可视音频系统界面的协调 ........... 214
As-Built Documentation by Contractor 分包商的竣工文件 ......................................... 214
Projection Screens 投影屏幕 ......................................................................................... 215
Board Rooms, Seminar Theaters and Lecture Halls 会议室、研讨专区和演讲厅....... 215
GENERAL 概述 .......................................................................................................................... 217
3.18.1. GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 217
3.18.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 217
3.18.3. SPECIFICATION &APPLICATION GUIDE 规定及要求指南 ........................... 220
3.18.3.1.
3.18.3.2.
Labeling: 标识 ............................................................................................................... 220
Mounting Heights 安装高度 .......................................................................................... 221
3.18.4. SPARE PARTS 零件 .............................................................................................. 222
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.1
INCOMING SUPPLIES AND METERING 输入电源与计量
3.1.1
GENERAL 概要
Local options for electricity supply shall be evaluated based on the following:
根据以下标准评估本地的本地的电力供应选择：
 The source, available capacity, limitations, characteristics and historical reliability of the various
options for power supplies.
电源的来源，有效功率，限制，特性，以及多方选择的历史可靠性。
 Metering options for the various supply types.
不同供应模式的测量选择。
 All information necessary to determine the most advantageous tariff structure (eg, reduced off-peak
tariffs, etc).
决定最有优势的价格结构的必要信息（例如：降低非高峰价格，等）。
 The responsibility for the various elements of the incoming electricity supply, including the costs to
the building constructor and hotel operator of those elements provided by the local Electrical
Supply Company (ESC).
输入电流供应的变量因素职能，包括当地电力供应公司提供建筑承包商以及酒店经营者这些
变量因素的成本。
 All information necessary for the proper design of the complete electrical installation (eg, motor
starting limitations, available short circuit MVA, earth loop impedance, etc).
合理设计完善的电力装置所需的全部信息（例如：马达起动限制，有效短路兆安，接地阻
抗，等）。
 Any conditions and/or penalties on the use of standby generators (refer to section 3.4 Standby
Power Systems.
任何使用备用发电机的条件以及/或处罚（参考 3.4 章节 备用动力系统）
 Reliability and local availability of all electrical equipment necessary for each of the supply options,
and adequacy of local maintenance.
每个供电选择和充分的本地维保所必需的电气设备的可靠性和地方的可用性。
 An assessment of the ability of the ESC to undertake and execute their commitment to provide the
necessary engineering works.
电力供应公司承担和完成提供必要工程工作的能力评估。
The Design Engineer should ascertain the local ESC’s is exact requirements as to space, provision of
equipment by the hotel, location of ESC switchgear (including whether internal or external), and all
other special conditions requiring special provision during the design, construction and operation of the
hotel.
设计工程师必须准确了解电力供应公司对于空间，酒店设备供应的规定，当地电力供应公司开
关设备的位置（包括是否是内部的还是外部的），以及所有的在酒店设计，建造，经营过程中
特殊情况要求的特殊设备的准确的规定。
For the purpose of this standard the following definitions are used. 以下定义用于本标准
Extra - low voltage
Not exceeding 55V to earth.
超低电压
对地电压不超过 55V
Above 55V to earth but not exceeding
1000V phase to phase.
Low voltage
对地电压高于 55V 但相间电压不超过
低电压
1000V
Exceeding 1000V phase to phase but not
Medium voltage
exceeding 35kV phase to phase.
中电压
相间电压超过 1000V，但不超过 35 千伏
The Design Engineer in conjunction with the IHG Regional Engineer shall carry out negotiation with
the local ESC, with regard to tariff structure.
设计工程师与洲际酒店集团的区域工程师应当协力完成与当地电力供应公司就价格结构的协
商。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
The Design Engineer shall co-operate fully with IHG in obtaining the above information and shall
ensure that the information is factual and complete and available to IHG as and when required.
设计工程师应当全力配合洲际酒店集团获取上述信息，并且保证获的信息是真实的，完全的，
以及根据要求或被要求是洲际酒店集团是可行的。
3.1.2
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
Unless large capacity LV supplies are locally available, the preferred method of providing the main
incoming electricity supply is for the supplies to be provided direct from the local ESC’s medium
voltage network on to the Hotels MV distribution panel. The supplies would then be sub-divided into
two or more feeds to separate transformers, each feeding a separate section of the Hotels multi-section
low voltage distribution panel. Alternatively, separate MV supplies may be provided to individual substation and summation metered.
除非当地可供应大容量的低电压设备，提供主输入电力供应的首选方式是直接从当地的电力供
应公司的中电压电路网络供应到酒店的中电压配电盘。电源然后再细分成 2 个或多个供应给各
独立的变压器，每个输送到酒店多区域低电压配电盘的独立区域。或者，独立的中电压供电被
分配到各单独的变电站和累加计数器。
The number rating and arrangement of the incoming supplies shall be based upon the following criteria:
输入电源的等级和分配数量应当基于以下的标准：
 Availability and reliability of the local ESC’s MV/LV network
当地电力供应公司的中电压/低电压电网的有效性和可靠性。
 Maximum demand.
最大需求。
 Required redundancy factor.
必要的冗余因素。
 Availability and reliability of locally available equipment.
当地可供设备的有效性和可靠性。
 Ability of local ESC to undertake their section of the works.
当地电力供应公司承担其本区域供电量的能力。
Installed redundancy shall be as illustrated by the following table 3.1.2A
安装的冗余应当根据下表 3.1.2A 以图表示。
Table 3.1.2A
Schedule of Ratings for Electricity Supply Types
电力供应模式的级别计划表
Note: In most cases a single feeder is not acceptable.
注释：在大部分情况下，单一的供电是不可取的。
Supply Type
供电模式
MV
MV
MV
MV
LV
LV
LV
Nº of Supplies
供电数量
1
2
3
4
2
3
4
% Capacity Each
每个能力
100%
100%
50%
35%
100%
50%
35%
% Redundancy
冗余
0%
50%
35%
25%
50%
35%
35%
Table 3.1.2B
Schedule of Electrical Loads for Various Hotel Areas
酒店不同区域电力负荷计划表
Note: Figures exclude heating/air conditioning from central plant
注释：数据不包括加热/中央空调系统
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
Area
Watts/m² (Max)
区域
瓦特/平方米（最大）
Ballroom 宴会厅
60
Exhibition 展示厅
80
Assembly 装配间
50
Main Entrance Lobby 主入口大厅
40
Lobby 大堂
30
Guest Rooms 客房
35
Restaurants 餐厅
75
Meeting Rooms 会议室
40
Coffee Shop 咖啡厅
50
Lounge 沙发休息区域
30
Night Club 夜总会
30
Cocktail Lounge 鸡尾酒吧
30
Bar 酒吧
30
Public Corridors 公共通道
20
Guest Corridors 客人通道
20
Service Corridors 服务通道
10
Foyer 休息室
35
Front Desk 前台
50
Offices 办公室
40
Kitchen 厨房
120
Laundry Work Area 洗衣房区域
130
Valet 熨烫间
130
Housekeeping Area 客房服务区域
25
Work Shop 工作间
25
Service rooms 服务区
25
Machine Rooms 机房
25
Employees Lockers 员工更衣室
15
Storage 储藏室
10
Concessionary Outlets 商铺
160
Telephone Switchboard Room 电话交换机房
30
Toilets (Public)盥洗室（公共）
15
Note: * Based on gas fired kitchen equipment. To be increased for all-electric kitchens
注释：基于燃气厨房设备。使用电气厨房设备时需要加大。
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The electrical load may be initially estimated with the aid of the above table 3.1.2B and must be
confirmed by specific information received from the various design engineers for mechanical plant,
kitchen equipment, etc.
机械设备，厨房设备等的电力负荷最初通过上市表 3.1.2B 预估，并且必须由多位设计工程师通
过收到的详细精确的信息确认
MV and LV switchgear shall be sectionalised with bus section, changeover, or transfer switches so that
the installation, from incoming service to LV switchgear, will provide continuity of service in the event
of failure of a single section of the system, subject to the delay due to the normal operation of
changeover switches.
中电压和低电压的开关设备应由母线分段，转换装置，或转换开关进行分隔，所以万一发生系
统的一个部分断电时，从输入供电到低压开关设备形式的安装可以提供连续不断的服务，取决
于转换开关正常操作形成的延误。
Primary metering of the supply whether MV or LV shall be carried out by the ESC at a position
commensurate with local practice.
无论是中电压还是低电压，初次测量应当有电力供应公司在与实地操作相当的位置进行。
Secondary metering in the form of pulse type meters shall be provided on the incoming LV feeders to
each LV panel section, with separate metering to each rental/concession area.
应当再输入低压馈线到每一个底样配电盘部分用脉冲式仪表进行二次测量，在租赁区域及附属
区域进行单独的测量。
Check metering shall be provided on all sub-mains supplies to the following areas:
应当对以下所有的次级供电进行检测测量：
 Kitchens 厨房
 Refrigeration Machines 冷冻机器
 Mechanical Plantrooms 机械设备间
 Laundry 洗衣房
 Cooling Towers 冷却塔
 Guest Block 客人止步区域
 Sports Club 运动俱乐部
 Food and Beverage Outlets 餐饮店
 Ballroom 宴会厅
In addition to the above, each LV switchgear panel should be fitted with digital multi-meters with
selector switches, although this function may be provided by the secondary meters, providing the
following metering parameters kW, kVA, A, V and Cos Ø.
除上述之外，每一个配电盘应当与带选择开关的数字式万用表安装在一起，尽管该功能可能由
二次测量仪表提供，假设以下计量参数：千瓦、千伏安、安培、伏以及 Cos Ø
3.1.3
SPECIFICATION AND APPLICATIONS GUIDE 技术说明和应用指导
3.1.3.1. Incoming Electrical Supplies 输入电源
 General: 概括
The arrangement of the incoming electrical supply will vary with local practice, supply capacity
and reliability, etc. The following illustrate the more common supply arrangements.
由于当地的条例，供给能力，可靠性的不同，输入电力的分配也相应有所不同。下列图解适
用于普通的电力分配。

Incoming MV Electrical Supply: 输入中压电力
The preferred method of incoming electricity supply to the Hotel is to obtain an MV supply
metered by the ESC, direct from the local distribution network. The supply will consist of multiple
redundant radial feeders from a local ESC network terminating within, or adjacent to, the building
in a dedicated MV switchroom, together with the supply company metering equipment.
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首选的酒店输入电力时获取一个直接从配电网输出的，用 ESC 计量的中压电力。电力是由本
地的 ESC 网络输出到，或接近楼宇内专门的中压配电室的终端的冗余径向馈线组成，并带有
供电公司的计量设备。
The supplies will be rated in accordance with table 3.1.2A to provide the indicated degree of
redundancy such that a failure of a single feeder supply does not result in loss or restriction of
service to the Hotel. It will be necessary to operate bus-tie connections to maintain supplies to
failed sections.
供电将根据表 3.1.2A 进行分级提供指定的冗余级别，这样任何一个独立的馈线供电故障都
不会对酒店服务造成限制或麻烦。
The specification of the ESC switchgear will comply with local standards, but these will be
checked by the Design Engineer for compatibility with the Hotels switchgear downstream
ESC 开关设备的技术规格须遵从当地的标准，但这些标准须经过设计工程师的检查以确保与
酒店下游的开关设备兼容性。

Incoming LV Electrical Supplies: 输入低压供电
When the Hotel consists of multiple low rise blocks, or the availability of a MV supply is restricted,
it may be necessary to operate using multiple low voltage supplies fed from one or more sections of
the local low-voltage network.
当酒店由多个多层楼房组成，或中压供电受到限制，必要的话可能需要从多个本地的低压电
网输出多重低压供电使酒店运作。
Where this is the case, supplies will be rated in accordance with table 3.1.2B for each individual
block or group of supplies, such that failure of a single supply to a block or supply group does not,
subject to re-configuration of the relevant LV panel, resulting in the loss of service to that section
of the hotel installation.
举例来说，将根据表 3.1.2.B 对每个独立的楼房或每组供电进行供电定额，这样大楼中任何
一个单独供电或供电组故障，都不会对酒店服务造成限制或麻烦，取决于相关低压配电盘的
重新配置。
3.1.3.2. Metering 测量
 General: 概括
Primary metering will be provided by the ESC within their section of the switchgear and will be
used for billing of energy use.
初次测量由该区域开关设备的 ESC 提供，并且是用电的帐单依据。
Secondary sub metering will be provided under the project for the use of IHG.
二次辅助测量适用于洲际酒店集团下的项目。

Primary Metering: 初次测量
The metering will consist of registration of kilowatt hours used (kWh), kW maximum demand,
kVA and kVArh, and will operate these measurements on single, dual, or multi-rate tariffs all as
local practice. The metering system will preferably be of the summation type.
测量的登记是由千瓦时（kWh）、最大千瓦（kW）、千伏安以及千乏时组成，并且运作费用
将按照当地执行的单时段、双时段或多级别费率进行计费。
Additional metering parameters may include kVAh and power factor, dependant upon local ESC
practice.
附加的测量参数可能包括千伏安小时，以及动力因素，随当地的 ESC 条例执行。
The Design Engineer will ascertain the ESC’s requirements as to provision and locations of
equipment and will incorporate those requirements within the design.
设计工程师必须确切地知道 ESC 的有关要求，包括设备的规定以及位置，并且在设计中遵从
这些要求。
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
Secondary Metering: 二次测量
Secondary metering will be provided by the project electrical contractor on the incoming LV
supplies to each of the main LV panel sections serving the hotel, and on the supplies to each
retail/concession area.
输入低压供电到供应酒店以及每个小卖部/附属区域的每个主要的低压配电盘二次测量由项
目工程承包商提供。
Secondary metering will be of the pulse type, with provision for output signals to be generated for
remote monitoring by the building management system (BMS).
考虑到用于远程监控的输出信号由楼宇智能化管理系统（BMS）发出，二次测量是脉冲式
的。
Meters will be of the digital multi-meter type and shall provide measurement of kWh, kVAh,
kVArh, Cos , kVA maximum demand (15 or 30 minute reset time m.d. in accordance with the
local ESC metering), phase neutral and phase – phase voltage measurement, and phase current
measurement.
仪表应当是数字式的万用表，并且提供千瓦时、千伏安小时、千乏时度量单位的最大要求
（按照当地的 ESC 测量队定，15 或 30 分钟的重置时间）中线相位，项位对相相位测量，以
及相位电流测量。
Electro- mechanical metering will be used where electronic metering is not readily available.
电动机械测量适用于无法提供电子测量的地方。

Check Sub-Metering: 检查辅助计量
Check sub-metering will be provided on sub-main supplies to LV switchpanels and panelboards
feeding the following areas:
检查辅助计量适用于次级电力供给的用于以下区域的低压配电盘以及仪表板









Kitchens 厨房
Refrigeration Machines 冷冻机器
Mechanical Plantrooms 机械设备间
Laundry 洗衣房
Cooling Tower Plant 冷却塔设备
Guest Block 客人止步
Sports Club 运动俱乐部
Food and Beverage Outlets 餐饮部
Ballroom and Function Suites 宴会厅以及功能套房
Check sub-metering will preferably be of the pulse type with provision for output signals to be
generated for remote monitoring by the BMS. Meters will be of the digital multi-meter type and
shall provide measurement of kWH, kVAh, kVA maximum demand (15 or 30 minutes reset time as
applicable) and kVArh.
考虑到输出信号由 BMS 的远距离监控发出，检查辅助计量更适合脉冲式的。仪表应当是数字
式的万用表，并且提供千瓦时、千伏安小时、千乏时度量单位的最大要求（可适用 15 或 30
分钟的重置时间）以及千伏安小时（视在功率）。
Electro-mechanical meters without BMS connections will be used where electronic meters are not
readily available.
不与 BMS 系统连接电动机械式的仪表可用于那些无法提供电子仪表的地方。
3.1.4
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约
Supplies: 设备
i) Electricity consumption shall not exceed:
电力消耗应当不超过：
Moderate climate zone:
145 KWh/sqm/year
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温带地区：
145 度/平方米/年
Mediterranean climate:
155 KWh/sqm/year
地中海气候：
155 度/平方米/年
Tropical climate:
200 KWh/sqm/year
热带气候：
200 度/平方米/年
Full operating hours for hotels are: 5,000-5,500 hrs/ year.
酒店完全运行时间：5,000-5,500 小时/年
Therefore, maximum peak demand shall be calculated as follows: Annual consumption/ full
operating hours.
所以，最大负荷要求应当按照以下计算：每年消耗/完全运行时间
ii) Assess whether alternative fuels would be better suited for types of load (eg, gas for cooking).
评估是否替代的燃料更适合负荷类型（例如：用燃气烹饪）。
iii) Include energy saving features such as lighting control systems to minimise energy use.
包括能源节约作用，例如照明控制系统将用电降到最少。
3.1.5
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
Supplies:设备
Space allocation for electrical supply equipment will vary with:
供电设备的空间配置将随如下因素变化：
 Type of incoming supply (MV or LV, overhead or underground).
输入供电的模式（中电压或是低电压，高空还是地下）。
 Switchgear and transformer types used by the ESC.
电力供应公司使用的开关设备和变压器类型。
 Location of switchgear (internal or external).
开关设备的摆放位置（室内的还是室外的）。
The Design Engineer will contact the ESC to ascertain exact spacial requirements for their MV
switchgear, but in the absence of more accurate information, the following table 3.1.5A may be used as
a guide for switchgear up to and including 15kV:
设计工程师必须联系电力供应公司已确定准确的中电压开关设备的空间要求，但是当缺乏准确
信息时，下表，3.1.5A 可作为最大到 1.5 千伏（包括 1.5 千伏）开关设备的空间要求指南：
Table 3.1.5A 表 3.1.5A
Space Allocation for ESC MV Switchgear (up to 15kV)
电力供应公司中电压开关设备的空间配置（最大到 1.5 兆伏安）
Switchgear Content
Area Required (m²)
开关设备目录
需要的空间（平方米）
Minimum Size
29m² (approx 6.5 x 4.5)
最小尺寸
29 平方米（大约 6.5 x 4.5）
2 Nº incoming service breaker sections
2 Nº 输入服务断路器区域
1 Nº bus switch sections
1 Nº 母线开关区域
2 Nº feeder breaker sections.
2 Nº 馈电断路器区
Each additional section
Add 2m² to increase room length
每增加一个的区域
增加 2 平方米以增加房间长度
It may be assumed that if LV supplies only are provided these will terminate direct into the hotel LV
switchroom(s).
可以假设如果只有低电压供应，这样可以中止直接进入酒店低电压配电室。
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20% spare space should be provided for future expansion.
为将来的扩充预留 20%的空间。
The following table 3.1.5B may be used as a guide for space requirements for ESC transformers.
下表 3.1.5B 是电力供应公司变压器空间要求指南。
Table 3.1.5B 表 3.1.5B
Space Allocation for ESC’S Transformers (up to 1.5 MVA)
电力供应公司变压器的空间配置（最大到 1.5 兆伏安）
Nº of Transformers
Dimensions (m)
变压器数量
尺寸（米）
1
5 x 4 x 3.0h
2
10 x 4 x 3.0h
3
15 x 4 x 3.0h
3.1.6
Area (m²)
面积（平方米）
20
40
60
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常运行和维护
Supplies:设备
Operating and maintenance of supplies will be the responsibility of the local ESC.
设备的日常运行和维护是当地电力供应公司的职责。
Metering:测量
Primary Metering: 初次测量
Operating and maintenance of primary metering will be the responsibility of the local ESC.
初次测量的运行和维护是当地电力供应公司的职责。
Secondary and Check Sub-Metering: 二次和检查辅助计量
Secondary and check meters will be included on the regular maintenance schedule and their operation
checked on a weekly basis. Re-calibration will be carried out at minimum of one year intervals. Failed
meters, CT’s, and VT’s shall be replaced from stock immediately their failure is noted.
二次和检查计量包括定期的维护计划，以及每周的运行检查。至少每年进行一次校准。时刻注
意计量的故障，一旦发生故障，应当马上从仓库进行更换。
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3.2
MV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 中压配电系统
3.2.1.
GENERAL 概要
For the purpose of this section, it is assumed that the incoming electrical supply is provided at medium
voltage.
本章节的适用于假设输入供电是中压的。
For the purposes of this standard, medium voltage (MV) is defined at greater than 1000V ac but not
exceeding 35 kV.
本标准适用于中压范围在高于 1000 伏，但不超过 35 千伏。
The Design Engineer will refer to the survey carried out under section 3.1, incoming Supplies and
Metering, and ascertain from the Local Electrical Supply Company (ESC), the configuration and
characteristics of the proposed incoming supply.
设计工程师应当参考第 3.1 章节中实施的调查，输入电力及测量，并从当地电力供应公司获得
有关输入供电的配置和特性的准确信息，
Wherever possible, provide redundancy of supplies as illustrated by section 3.1 Table 3.1.2A.
无论哪里可能，按照第 3.1 章节的表 3.1.2A 所列提供冗余供电。
In some areas, the hotel may be required to supply equipment to be taken into the ownership of the ESC.
在某些地方，会要求酒店将提供的设备作为电力供应公司的所有物。
The MV distribution system will be designed in accordance with all applicable local standards.
However, where local standards are incomplete or not sufficiently up to date to be applicable to the
proposed equipment, reference will be made to British, IEC or US standards which will be used as a
minimum.
中压配电系统的设计须依照所有当地可适用的标准。如果当地标准不完善或者不适用于最新的
设备，可参考英国，国际电工委员会，或美国的标准作为最低标准。
3.2.2.
3.2.2.1.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备
Where available an MV service will be obtained from the Local ESC. The service should provide for
redundancy of supplies on to an MV switchgear panel configured as a multi section board with each
incoming supply separated by a bus section switch to enable maintenance of supply in the event of
failure of one of the incoming services.
可从当地的电力供应公司获取中压服务。服务应当提供冗余供电到多区域盘的中压配电盘上，
每个输入供电有总区域开关独立分开，使能够在发生任何一个供电故障时进行维修。
The type of switchgear utilised should be the latest state-of-the-art type locally available at the time of
design, and should be of the sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) dielectric type.
使用的开关设备须是设计时当地可提供的最先进的型号，并且应当是 SF6 绝缘型。
Oil immersed switchgear will not be used under any circumstances.
在任何情况下都决不允许使用油浸式开关设备。
3.2.2.2.
MV Cables 中压电缆
Medium voltage cables will be run totally segregated from all other services on separate cable ladder, or
in segregated conduits.
中压电缆须与其他供电电缆割离，独立适用电缆架，或在隔离的管路中。
3.2.2.3.
Transformers 变压器
Transformers should be of the air cooled dry type utilising non-PCB type insulation. Cast resin type with
air natural, air forced (AN/AF) cooling is preferred. Oil filled transformers will not be permitted.
变压器应是风冷型干式的，使用非印刷电路板型绝缘的。树脂型自然空气冷却，强迫空气冷却
是首选的。冲油式变压器是不允许的。
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Internal transformers should be arranged within the structural enclosure to limit structure-borne and airborne noise to a maximum of NR38 in occupied spaces, and will be free of pure tones. Pure tones are
defined as a sound level in any one third octave band which is greater than 5 dB above the adjacent one
third octave bands, in the range 45-11,200Hz.
内部变压器应当被安装在建筑罩内，使被占用的空间的结构噪音和空气噪音限制在最大 NR38 的
范围内，并避免纯音。纯音是指在任何三分之一八音阶倍频带中比邻近三分之一八音阶倍频带
高 5 分贝的声音级别，范围在 45 – 11,200 赫兹之间。
3.2.3.
3.2.3.1.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术规格及应用指导
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备
Where MV switchgear is provided by the Hotel, it should be of the SF6, vacuum filled, or air-insulated
types. Oil-filled switchgear will not be used. IHG preference is generally for the SF6 type.
酒店提供的中压开关设备应当是 SF6 型，真空充气，或空气绝缘式的。不可使用冲油式开关设
备。洲际酒店集团有限选择 SFT 式的。
Where space is limited, or MV switchgear is located on upper levels of the building, vacuum type
switchgear should be used.
在空间有限，或者中压开关设备安置在高层的大楼里，应当适用真空充气式开关设备。
MV switchpanels should be of free standing, sectionalised construction, with front access to all devices.
A metering section should be included to provide indication of the following parameters: V, A, kW,
kVA, Cos Ø.
中压配电盘应当是独立式的，可建筑物通用的，有前入口通往所有装置的。计量剖面应当提供
如下的计量参数：伏、安培、千瓦、千伏安以及 Cos Ø。
Incoming supplies will terminate at the MV distribution switchgear in isolating devices consisting of a
fault-make and break disconnect, with earthing switch on both incoming and outgoing sides with
mechanical interlocked operation.
输入电力进入由一个故障发生和断路器组成的绝缘设备中的中压配电箱，在输入和输出两侧都
带有带机械联动装置操作的接地开关
The device will be suitable for operation on the supply voltages and fault levels applicable at the
location.
设备适用于在供给电压下运行以及错误级别适合的位置。
Switchgear protection will be provided by both upstream and downstream devices.
开关设备保护由上行设备和下行设备共同提供。
Opening and closing of circuits breakers will be achieved by releasing the stored up energy of a
compression spring.
通过释放压缩弹簧的储藏能量来开启和关闭电路断路器。
Closing should be achieved by operation of an external fold away handle. Opening/tripping should be
achieved by operation of shrouded push button on the face panel of the device.
通过进行对外部的折叠式操纵的操作进行关闭。打开/释放应当通过操控设备面板上的有罩按钮
来完成。
Earthing switches will be provided for earthing of the incoming service circuit breaker on both ‘supply’
and ‘load’ sides of the device.
在输入供电电路断路器 “供电”及“负荷”的两侧装有饥接地开关以供给地使用。
The device door will be mechanically interlocked to prevent the door being opened when the contacts
are closed and the earth switch is not in the earthed position.
设备门是机械互锁，防止接触器关闭以及接地开关没有设置在接地位置时门被打开，
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The earth switch will be mechanically interlocked with the ESC’s incoming feeder circuit breaker to
prevent its operation when the feeder is ‘live’.
接地开关是带 ESC’s 输入馈线断路器的机械互锁，这样可以防止馈线在活动状态时误操作。
Bus section circuit breakers should operate essentially as the above isolating devices, except that
mechanical interlocking will operate with the incoming isolating device.
总线电路断路器原则上是作为上述设备的隔离设备，除非机械（集中）联锁与输入绝缘设施共
同运行。
The bus section breaker will include a mechanical interlocking system to prevent closure of the bussection switch when either load-side earthing switch of the incoming feeder isolating device is in the
earthed position.
总线断路器应当包括一个机械（集中）联锁，以防止当接地开关符合端 或输入馈线个绝缘设施
处于接地位置时，总线开关关闭。
Outgoing MV circuit breakers should operate as the above incoming devices but shall incorporate
adjustable tripping facilities for over-load, short-circuit and earth fault. Earthing switches will be
provided only on the load side of the breaker and interlocked so that they can only be closed when the
breaker is open.
输出中压电路短路其应当与上述输入设备一样操作，当应连有可调整的过载，短路，以及姐弟
故障脱离装置。只有在断路器的负载侧提供接地开关并连锁，这样只可在断路器开启状态时关
闭它们。
3.2.3.2.
MV Cables 中压电缆
Medium voltage cables should consist of stranded copper conductors, semi-conducting layer, screen,
cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation, bedding, steel wire armoured (aluminium wire armoured
for single core cables) and PVC or LSF sheathed. Cores should be identified throughout by phase
numbering of semi-conducting tape. Cables are to be rated at a voltage equal to, or higher than the
system voltage at which they are to be operated. Where possible, MV cables are to be installed as a
single section. Where this is not possible, cables must be jointed to manufacturers specification, by
qualified jointers with a minimum of three years practical experience of MV cable jointing. Only heat
shrink joints with mastic filled outer sheaths may be used.
中电压电缆应由标准筒导体，半导体层，屏蔽物，交联耦合聚乙烯（XLPE）绝缘，基床，钢线
护层（单芯电缆线适用铝线护层），以及 PVC 或 LSF 套管。全部交联应当由半导体带的相好标
示。电缆的额定值应当等于或高于其操作系统得额定电压。在可能的地方，中压电缆可以作为
独立部分安装。在无法安装的地方，电缆的连接应当按照制造商的技术规格，采用至少可以用
于中压电缆连接 3 年的合格的连接头。只可使用带填胶式外护罩的热收缩连接。
Cable terminations for MV cables must not be rated at less than 11kV or 15kV as applicable.
中压电缆的电缆终端最小额定不可低于 11 千伏，应该是 15 千伏。
Terminations will be to the cable manufactures specification and will preferably be of the heat shrink
type. Where a choice of joint or termination type is available, the joint/termination will be to the highest
quality available, or suitable for the most arduous location.
终端应根据电缆制造商的技术规格，且更适宜于热收缩型的。在可选择连接或终端的地方，应
适用最高质量的连接/终端，或适用于最坏的环境。
3.2.3.3.
Transformers 变压器
Transformers should be provided as a unit sub-station package incorporating:
变压器应当被作为一个成套（单元）变电所组件一并提供:
 Interlocked MV primary on-load fault break, shunt-trip operated isolating device. The interlock
shall prevent access to the transformer cubicle while it is energised.
连锁中压初次装载故障断路，并联跳闸造作绝缘设备。连锁装置用于防止在充电时进入变压
器室。
 Dry type MV/LV distribution transformer, complete with cooling fans.
干式中压/低压分配变压器，包括冷却风扇。
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

Outgoing LV air circuit breaker.
输出低压气动（电路）熔断器。
A close coupled LV switchboard may be included when available in the locality.
如现场有的话，可提供临近的联结低压开关。
The transformer primary isolating device should be of similar specification, as those used in the MV
switch panel. Shunt tripping devices will respond to restricted earth and manual knock-off button
operation.
原压器的隔离装置应与在中压配电盘使用的规格相似。并联跳闸装置对限制性接地以及人工停
止按钮操作其反应。
The primary device must be key interlocked with its corresponding MV breaker to control operation of
the isolating device and breaker earth switches. It will only be possible to access the transformer cubicle
once the respective feeder is earthed.
一次装置必须是钥匙连锁的与中压断路器相应的，用以控制隔离设以及接地断路开关的控制。
Transformers shall be of the cast resin dry type air cooled rated for a minimum of 750 kVA as dictated
by building load and locally available equipment.
应当是风冷型树脂浇注干式变压器，根据楼宇负荷以及局部可用设备的要求最小额定是 750 千
伏安。
A minimum of 2 Nº transformers should be provided to each hotel site to provide redundancy in the
event of failure of a single supply. Each transformer should feed a section of the LV switchboard, with
normally open bus section switches interconnected to allow for one incoming supply to feed both
switchboard sections in the event of failure of the other supply.
每个酒店场所必需提供至少 2 个变压器，以防单个供电出现故障时可提供备用电力。每个变压
器应当供有低压开关盘，带有正常开口总线区域开关并互相连接，以允许当一个供电出现故障
时，另一个输入电力同时供应两个开关盘。
Electrical transformers must be configured in pairs with each load ratio no greater than 80% of peak
demand.
变压器需成对配置，并且负载率不应高于 80%.
*Note: in locations where transformers cannot be replaced within 6 hours during which time emergency
power is provided as defined in section 3.4.
注释：在 6 小时内无法替换的变压器的地方，在这段时间内应当依照章节 3.4 的详细说明提供紧
急电力。
The transformer primary will be suitable for operation at the distribution medium voltage pertaining in
the hotel locality, and arranged for 3 phase 3 wire.
原变压器适用于在酒店地区分配中压分配操作，并安排 3 相 3 线。
The transformer secondary will be suitable for operation at the local normal mains low voltage
pertaining to the hotel locality, and arranged for 3 phase 4 wire operation at 50Hz or 60Hz, as locally
applicable.
副电压适用于在酒店地区固有的本地标准主低压操作，并根据本地要求，安排 3 相 4 线，50 赫
兹 – 60 赫兹。
Transformers should have a vector grouping of delta/star Dy n-11 unless local supply conditions dictate
otherwise. The neutral shall be earthed to the main substation earth bar. See section 3.5 entitled
(“Earthing and Bonding”).
除非当地供电情况另外规定，否则变压器应具有一个 delta/star Dy n-11 的向量分组。中性物
质应当接地至主分电站的接地棒。详见第 3.5 章节（“接地与连接”）
The primary winding will be complete with taps at ±2½% and 5% of primary voltage, wired and
selected by off-load links conveniently arranged on the front of each transformer. It will only be possible
to gain access to the transformer section to select different tappings once the MV isolator and LV
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incoming air circuit breakers are in the open position. This interlocking should be effected by a castell
key arrangement or approved equal as described under section 3.2.3.1.
原线圈包括±2½%的活拴以及 5%的原电压，由下载链接选择并连线，并方便地安装在每一个变压
器上。只有党中压隔离装置以及低压输入气动（电路）断路器置于开启位置时，它才有可能进
入变压器部分选择不同的螺栓。这个连锁装置应当由一个一钥二锁式（castell key）切换装置
操控，与第 3.2.3.1 章节描述的安排和许可相同。
The basic insulation level (BIL) will be 90kV. The completed transformer will be constructed for 6%
impedance at the maximum temperature rating.
基本隔离级别是 90 千伏。完整的变压器在最大温度额定值时应造有 6%的阻抗。
The transformer core will be constructed from double insulated, high quality, cold rolled, grain
orientated silicon iron core laminations, arranged for low core losses, suitably braced to withstand all
electrical stresses produced during the transformer operation. Noise level should be no more the 58dBA
at 1 metre.
变压器的铁心应当造有双重绝缘，高质量，冷轧，晶粒取向，硅钢迭片结构中心，低损耗，适
于低档变压器运作过程中产生的所有的电子压力。1 米内的噪音级别不得高于 58dBA。
Transformer cooling will be air natural up to 100% of its kVA and air forced (AN/AF) by the use of
close coupled fans for loads in excess of 100% of its rated kVA. Minimum overload capacity will be
35%. Each transformer winding will be complete with hot-spot thermocouples and all controls to control
the operation of these fans. Volt-free changeover alarm contact will be provided for transformer high
temperature, wired to the building management system. A hot-spot winding temperature indicator will
be provided for each transformer affixed to the enclosure and visible externally. Maximum winding
temperature will be in accordance to the manufacturers requirements at a ambient of 35°C.
变压器的冷却是自然风冷到其 100%的电压，以及强迫风冷，利用临近的连接风扇达到 100%的额
定电压。最小负荷电容是 35%。每个变压器的线圈包括热点热电偶以及控制这些风扇的所有控制
器。无电压转变警报接触点适用于变压器处于高温时，与楼宇管理系统连接。为每个变压器提
供热点线圈温度指示器，贴在罩子的外部可见出。最大线圈温度依照制造商在环境温度是 35 摄
氏度情况下的要求。
The complete transformer and its accessories should be installed in a sheet steel enclosure provided with
all cooling vents and grilles with screens to prevent the ingress of rodents and the intentional or
accidental introduction of any other solid objects. Front and rear doors will be provided suitably castell
key interlocked with the MV and LV circuit isolation devices to allow access to a completely
electrically isolated transformer for inspection and maintenance. Transformer removal should be
possible by skid mounted wheels, jacked into position to allow the transformer to be rolled out through
the front door. Rear doors should be arranged to be fully opening within the constraints of the substation
space provided.
完整的变压器及其附件应当安装在一个具备隔筛的隔栅冷却通风孔钢板罩内，以防止动物的进
入以及防止故意的或意外的其他固体物质的进入。前门和后门应当恰当地提供带中压和低压电
路隔离装置的一钥二锁式（castell key）切换装置连锁，以供检测和维保时可放入一个完整的
电子隔离变压器 。可能的话用装有轮子的滑板移动变压器，抬高到一定位置，可使变压器通过
前门滚动出来。后门应当在变电站的限制空间里能够完全打开。
ENVIRONMENT& ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
3.2.4.
3.2.4.1.



MV Switchgear 中压开关设备
Select the type of switchgear on the basis of low maintenance and local availability.
以低保养成本和当地的实用性为原则选择开关设备的类型。
Preferred MV switchgear type is SF6 dielectric type.
首选的中压开关设备是 SF6 绝缘型。
Oil filled switchgear shall not be used due to higher maintenance requirements, spillage and
explosion/fire risk.
因其较高的保养要求，以及油溢出和爆炸/起火的危险，不允许使用冲油型开关设备。
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SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.2.4.2.

3.2.4.3.




MV Cables 中压电缆
Use low smoke and fume (LSF) sheathed cables.
使用低卤低烟型铠装电缆。
Transformers 变压器
Oil filled transformers shall not be used due to the spillage and fire risk of oil.
由于存在着溢出和起火的危险，不允许使用冲油型变压器。
PCB filled transformers shall not be used under any circumstances due to the severe environmental impact of PCB escape.
由于多氯化联二苯泄漏会导致严重的环境污染，任何情况下都不允许使用冲 PCB 型变压器。
Dry-type air cooled transformers shall be used for their low fire risk and low maintenance.
应当使用风冷型干式变压器，因为其低火灾危险和低保养成本。
Select transformer on the basis of low winding losses.
以低绕组损耗为原则选择变压器。
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
3.2.5.
3.2.5.1.
MV Switchgear 中压开关
Space allocation for MV switchgear should be as stated that for Electrical Supply Company MV
switchgear in Table 3.1.5A in section 3.1.
中压配电盘的空间配置依照第 3.1 章节中的表 3.1.5A 中所列的供电公司中压配电盘配置。
3.2.5.2.
MV Cables 中压电缆
MV cables will be run on dedicated cable ladder, or within dedicated conduits.
中压电缆通过专门的电缆架，或在专门的管道里。
3.2.5.3.
Transformers 变压器
Space allocation for indoor transformer chambers is as stated that for Electrical Supply Company
transformer in Table 3.1.5B in section 3.1.
室内变压器房的空间配置依照第 3.1 章节中的表 3.1.5B 中所列的供电公司变压器配置。
Where close coupled LV switchboards are included as a packaged substation, the space requirements
shall be increased as necessary by the project design engineer.
在需要并联的低压配电盘的组合变电站，根据设计工程师的需要增加空间。
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行及测试
3.2.6.
3.2.6.1.
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备
MV switchgear will be factory tested to the manufacturers specification before dispatch to site. After
installation, the switchgear will be commissioned and site tested to the manufacturers specification. Site
testing shall include, but not be limited to:
中压开关设备应在发货前依照产品说明书由工厂进行测试。安装后，须对开关设备进行试运
行，并依照产品说明书进行现场测试。现场测试包括，但不仅限于：






Visual and functional checks including proving of all earth switch interlocks
视觉及功能检查，包括校对所有的接地开关联动装置
High Voltage withstand test to IEC standard or equivalent.
依照国际电工委员会标准或等同的标准进行耐高压测试
Continuity and polarity (phasing) tests
连续性以及极性（相位）测试
CT polarity test
CT 极性测试
CT spill test
CT 泼洒测试
Rephase with “Time fuse link/direct acting trip coil” overcurrent tests: primary and
secondary current injection
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

3.2.6.2.
带“定时熔断连杆/直接作用解扣线圈”的聚相过流测试：初次和再次电流注入
TFL/DAT Earth fault tests: primary and secondary current injection
TFL/DAT 接地故障测试：初次和再次电流注入
Stability and sensitivity tests.
稳定性以及灵敏性测试
MV Cables 中压电缆
MV cables will be factory tested to the manufactures specification before dispatch to site.
中压电缆应在发货前依照产品说明书由工厂进行测试。
After installation the cables will be continuity tested and subject to High Voltage Pressure testing to IEC
standards or equivalent and to manufactures recommendations.
安装后应对电缆进行连续性测试，并依照国际电工委员会标准或等同的，以及制造建议进行高
压测试。
3.2.6.3.
Transformers 变压器
Transformers will be factory tested to the manufactures specification before dispatch to site and retested to manufactures specification after installation.
变压器应在发货前依照产品说明书由工厂进行测试，并在安装后依照产品说明书再次进行测
试。
Site tests shall be carried out in accordance with IEC standard and shall include, as a minimum:
依照国际电工委员会的标准进行现场测试，最基本的测试包括：
 Pressure test MV and LV windings
中压和低压线圈压力测试
 For parallel transformers, check phase rotation is the same for both units.
对于平行的变压器，测试双方相位旋转是否一致
 Verify thermal protection and alarm/trip operation
校验热防护以及警报/错误运行
 Check fan operation and ventilation
检查风机运行以及通风情况
 High voltage insulation tests of MV and LV winding, between windings, phases and earth, all
phases shorted together
中压和低压线圈，线圈间，相位与接地之间，所有短路相的高压绝缘测试
 Check tapping positions after energisation and change as necessary
供能后检查螺栓位置，有必要的话进行调整
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维护
3.2.7.
3.2.7.1.
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备
MV switchgear should be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufactures specification.
中压开关设备应当依照产品说明书进行操作和维保。
As a minimum, the following routine maintenance should be carried out:
以下是最基本的日常保养：
i. Yearly: 每年的



Check switchgear for current operation
检查电流运行开关
Lubricate to manufactures specification
根据产品说明书加润滑油
Check operation of protection system
检查保护系统的运行
ii. 5 Yearly: 每 5 年的

Carry out repeat high voltage withstand test
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
实行防高压测试
3.2.7.2.
i.


3.2.7.3.
i.


MV Cables 中压电缆
Yearly: 每年的
Continuity tests
持续测试
HV pressure tests
高压测试
Transformers 变压器
Weekly: 每周的
Check cooling fan operation and ventilation paths
检查冷却风扇运作，以及通风通道
Check operation of any indicator lamps
检查所有的指示灯的运作
ii. Yearly: 每年的


3.2.8.
SPARE PARTS
零配件
3.2.8.1.








3.2.8.2.
High voltage insulation test
高压绝缘测试
Check operation of isolating device and circuit breaker
检查绝缘设施以及短路开关的运作
MV Switchgear 中压开关设备
6 sets of each rating of fuse rating (whether control or power fuse).
6 套每个级别的额定熔断器（不论是控制熔断器还是电力熔断器）
1 set of each rating/ratio/type of current and voltage transformer.
1 套每个级别/比率/形式的电流和电压变压器
6 sets indicator lamps.
6 套指示灯
3 shunt trip coils.
3 个并联脱口线圈
3 spring release coils.
3 个弹簧安全线圈
3 spare motors.
2 个备用发电机
1 circuit breaker moving portion.
1 个断路开关运作部件
1 set protection relays.
1 套保护继电器
MV Cables 中压电缆
Not applicable
不适用
3.2.8.3.

Transformers 变压器
1 Nº thermal protection unit (2 Nº where multiple transformer configurations are used or
where deliveries are extended).
1 Nº 热防护组（如使用了多个变压器配置，或延长了送电的地方需 2 Nº）。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 3 – ELECTRICAL
3.3.
LV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 低压配电系统
3.3.1.
GENERAL 一般规定
The Hotels low voltage (LV) distribution system will consist of main and sub-main LV distribution
panels, busbar trunking (bus duct) distribution systems, LV distribution cables, voltage regulators and
power factor correction equipment.
酒店的低压（LV）配电系统将由主要的和次主要的低压配电盘，汇流排中继（母线管道）配电
系统，低压配电电缆，电压调节器和功率因数校正设备组成。
The design of the LV distribution systems and associated equipment should be carried out with due
consideration to local standards and practices, building loads, availability of equipment and
type/configuration of the structure.
低压配电系统及其有关设备的设计应该充分考虑当地的标准和惯例，楼宇的负荷，设备的可用
性和结构的类型/配置。
The provision of voltage regulators should be carried out, as necessary, after consideration of the results
of the supply survey required by section 3. 1.
在考虑了章节 3.1 所需的供应调查结果之后，若有需要就应该配备电压调节器。
Provision should be made, for the installation of power factor correction equipment subsequent to the
construction phase of the project. The final design and installation of power factor correction equipment
should only be carried out after a power factor survey of the completed installation, and with due
consideration of any penalty tariffs likely to be incurred from the local Electrical Supply Company
should this facility not be provided.
在本项目的建设阶段的随后就应该做好安装功率因数校正设备的准备。功率因数校正设备的最
终设计和安装只应该在已完工装备的功率因数调查之后进行，并且还应该考虑如果未提供本设
施时当地电力公司可能会做出的处罚费用。
3.3.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则
3.3.2.1. LV Switchgear 低压开关装置
Low voltage (LV) switchgear will include main, sub-main and local distribution panels and motor
control centres.
低压（LV）开关装置将包括主要的，次主要的和当地的配电盘以及电动机控制中心。
Main and sub-main distribution panels will be constructed to BS EN 60439-1 type tested Form 4 to IEC
(or equivalent ANSTI standard) for type of separation and IP31 to IEC529 standard, (or equivalent
ANSTI standard), for type of protection.
主要和次要的低压配电盘，对于分离类型将按照 BS EN 60439-1 类型测试表 4 至 IEC（或相当
的 ANSTI 标准）构成，对于保护类型将按照 IP31 至 IEC529 标准（或相当的 ANSTI 标准）。
Panels should be sized in accordance with the loads and number of outgoing supplies required.
配电盘的尺寸应该根据负荷和所需外发供应的数目来确定。
3.3.2.2. Bus Duct Systems 母线管道系统
Bus duct systems should generally be of the low-impedance, plug-in tap off type, used primarily for
vertical distribution within the hotel building.
母线管道系统一般应该是低阻抗，插入式分接类型，主要应用于酒店楼宇内部的垂直配电。
Non tap-off types should be used for feeders.
非分接类型应该用于馈电器。
The system should be designed taking into account the number, type and electrical loads of supplied
equipment and will provide sufficient spare capacity for a 25% increase in load and number of tap-offs,
after all load factors have been included.
本系统的设计应该考虑到所供应设备的数目，类型和电力负荷，并且应该在包括了所有的负荷
因素之后在负荷和分接的数目上增加提供足够的 25% 备用容量。
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3.3.2.3. Voltage Regulators 电压调节器
Voltage regulators should be provided where the supply voltage is liable to vary from its normal values
by ±5% on a regular basis and where such fluctuations are likely to adversely effect the operation of
hotel equipment.
当供电电压在正规的基础上可能距其正常数值变化5%以及当这类波动可能对酒店设备的运行起
不良影响时就应该配备电压调节器。
3.3.2.4. Power Factor Correction 功率因数校正
Where power factor correction equipment is required, provisions shall be made accordingly, based on
actual and minimum cos  to which it is to be improved to. Ref. Section 3.3.3.4.
当需要功率因数校正设备时，应该按照参考章节 3.3.3.4 有待改进的实际和最小 cos 做好相
应的准备。
Power factor correction equipment, when installed, is to be selected with due consideration to the type
of load supplied and the production and effects of harmonic currents. The desired power factor shall be
maintained automatically.
在安装时，应该考虑所供应的负荷类型以及谐波电流的产生和影响来选择功率因数校正设备。
3.3.2.5. LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆
Main and sub-main LV distribution cables should generally be of the XLPE insulated, steel wire
armoured type with copper conductors, or single core LSF cables run in conduit or trunking.
主要的和次主要的低压配电电缆一般应该是 XLPE 绝缘的，带有铜导线的铠装型钢线，或是套在
导管护套内的单芯 LSF 电缆。
Mineral insulated copper covered (MICC) cables will be used as necessary for life safety systems
supplies.
作为生命安全系统供电的需要，可以使用矿物质绝缘的铜覆盖电缆（MICC）。
Aluminium conductors will not be used.
不使用铝制导线。
3.3.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和使用指南
3.3.3.1. LV Switchgear 低压开关装置
LV switch panels will be of the fused switch or moulded case circuit breaker type, as required by the
design engineer and locally available.
在设计工程师需要并且当地有供应时，低压开关配电盘将是熔丝型开关或铸造盒断路器类型。
The panels will be designed such that, with access covers open, transparent perspex (or equivalent)
covers will remain in place, preventing access to live terminals without the aid of tools. The covers will
facilitate thermal imaging of all terminations to aid detection of loose terminals during routine
maintenance.
配电盘将设计成为在检修盖打开时，透明的塑胶玻璃盖仍旧保持在位置上，可以防止不借助工
具就进入有电的终端。这种盖子将有利于看到全部终端的热成像从而能在日常维修时有助于检
测松开的终端。
Main distribution panels will be sectionalised, with interconnecting bus-section switches provided to
enable re-feeding of panel sections in the event of incoming feeder failure.
主要的配电盘将是可以分段化的，带有配备好的互相连接的母线段开关从而能在输入馈线失效
时使配电盘各段重新馈电。
Essential services circuits will be restricted only to those panel sections provided with alternative
supplies from stand-by generators, to allow for shedding of non-essential load during power failures.
重要的服务线路将只限制于那些配备有由备用发电机交替供电的配电盘各段，从而能在电力故
障时使非重要的负荷脱落。
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Mains sensing relays and transfer switches will be incorporated in essential services panel sections to
facilitate automatic generator starting and loads transfer upon power failure.
主要的探测继电器和转移开关将结合在重要的服务配电盘各段中，从而在电力故障时能有助于
自动的发电机起动和负荷转移。
Local distribution panelboards will be of the MCB type and fitted with lockable covers to prevent
unauthorised interference. All panelboards should be three phase and neutral, except for guest bedroom
panelboards which should be single phase and neutral.
局部的配电屏板将是 MCB 类型的并配备有可锁定的盖子来防止非授权的干扰。所有的屏板都应
该是三相和中性的，除了用于客房卧室的屏板应该是单向和中性的以外。
Miniature circuit breakers (MCB’s) will be of type and fault breaking capacity to suit the particular
installation. Spare MCB’s will be fitted to all unused ways.
微型断路器（MCB）将是故障断路类型并具有故障断路能力以适合于特种装置。在所有的不用路
线上将配备备用的 MCB。
All contactors should be of the mechanically latching type to extend coil life.
所有的接触器都应该是机械锁闭型以便延长线圈的寿命。
3.3.3.2. Bus Duct Systems 母线导管系统
Bus duct will be of 750V low impedance sandwich copper bar type enclosed within a 2mm galvanised
sheet steel housing to IP42 (or equivalent) degree of protection for internal runs. External or damp
locations will utilise resin encapsulated bar enclosed in IP65 (or equivalent) housings.
用于内部各个地点的母线导管将是 IP42 （或相当）保护等级的，封闭在 2mm 镀锌钢板壳体内的
750V 低阻抗夹层铜条型。外部和潮湿地点将使用的是封闭在 IP65 （或相当的）壳体内的树脂
封装的汇流条。
Vertical risers to be of filled sandwich constructions to obviate the need for fire stopping.
升管充有夹层构造可以预防火灾。
Plug in tap-off type bar duct will be used for rising mains, with non-tapping type used for horizontal
runs, switchgear interconnections and feeders.
插入式分接型汇流条的导管应用于上升的主线，而不分接型则应用于水平的路线，开关装置的
互相连接和馈电器。
3.3.3.3. Voltage Regulators 电压调节器
Voltage regulators will be of the motor driven variable transformer type enclosed in free-standing sheet
steel enclosures.
电压调节器将是封闭在自由站立式钢板壳体内的电动机驱动可变变压器型。
The regulators will be rated to operate over the widest range of voltage fluctuations to be expected
regularly in the locality. The speed of response will be slower for larger voltage regulators than for
smaller units, but should not be slower than 8% of rated voltage/sec for the largest units, and should
typically be in the order of 30-40% rated voltage/sec for 100kVA units.
调节器将被额定于能在当地正常期望的最宽广的电压波动范围上运行。较大的电压调节器的响
应速度将慢于较小的装置上的那些，但是对最大的那些装置应该不慢于额定电压/秒的 8%，而且
对于 100kVA 的装置来说一般应该在额定电压/秒的 30-40%级别。
Voltage regulators will be either be installed on the main LV switchpanel or on sub-main panels feeding
voltage sensitive equipment.
电压调节器或者应该安装在主要的低压开关屏上或者在该地给电压敏感设备的次主要屏上。
3.3.3.4. Power Factor Correction 功率因数校正
Provision will be made for the future addition of power factor correction equipment in the form of spare
fused switches or circuit breakers on each section of the main LV switchpanel.
对于将来以备用熔丝开关或断路器形式，在主要低压开关屏的每一段上增加的功率因数校正设
备应该做好准备。
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This provision will be made regardless of any penalties which may, or may not be, imposed by the ESC
for failing to maintain the building load within acceptable tolerances of unity power factor.
不管 ESC 为了不能将楼宇的负荷维持在统一的功率因数容许公差之内可能施加或不可能施加的
任何处罚如何，都应该做好这个准备。
When fitted power factor correction capacitors will be automatically step switched and sized to achieve
a power factor of 0.95 lagging.
在配备好时，功率因数校正电容器将被自动地分级转换并确定大小从而达到 0.95 滞后的功率因
数。
Up to 100kVA rating, units will be switched in 25 kVAr steps above 100kVAr switching will be in
50kVAr steps.
小于 100kVA 额定值，各装置将以 25 kVAr 为一级来转换，高于 100kVAr 的，转换将以 50kVAr
为一级来进行。
Power factor correction equipment will only utilise capacitors specifically designed for power factor
correction.
功率因数校正设备将只利用专门为功率因数校正所设计的电容器。
3.3.3.5. LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆
LV distribution cables will be of the types specified in section 3.3.2.5.
低压配电电缆将是章节 3.3.2.5 中所规定的类型。
When possible, cables will be installed as a single un-jointed section.
在有可能时，电缆将作为单一无接头的部分来安装。
Where joints are unavoidable, cables will be jointed by means of suitably sized resin filled cable joints
to the manufacturers specification. MICC cable joints will be carried out by means of terminating both
cables in a gasketted galvanised conduit box with fixed-base connectors.
在不可避免要有接头时，电缆将由按照制造商规格的大小合适的充有树脂的电缆接头来连接。
MICC 电缆接头是通过将两根电缆的终端放在带有固定基座连接器的镀锌密封导管盒中来实现
的。
Earth continuing will be established across the joints be means of earthing straps, etc.
使用接地带等跨越各接头来建立连续的接地。
PVC insulated distribution cables will not be used. The cable shall be low-smoke non-halogen XLPE
polyethylene insulated
不能使用 PVC 绝缘的低压配电电缆。电缆必须为低烟无卤交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆。
3.3.4.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维修
3.3.4.1. LV Switchgear 低压开关装置
LV switchgear will be operated and maintained to manufactures specification. As a minimum, the
following routine maintenance should be carried out:
低压开关装置应按照制造商的说明书进行操作和维修。作为最低要求，应实行下列例行维修：
Weekly: 每周
 Test all earth leakage trips
测试所有的通地泄漏带
Yearly: 每年
 Operate all circuit breakers and switches
运行所有断路器和开关
 Lubricate to manufacturers specification
按照制造商说明书进行润滑
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


Check operation of all tripping mechanisms
检查所有跳闸机构的操作
Carry out thermal imaging check of panels and lighten any loose connections
进行各控电盘的热成像检查和照亮任何松动的连接
Clean out panels and remove any dust or debris
清理各控电盘以及除去任何灰尘和碎屑
3.3.4.2. Bus-duct Systems 母线导管系统
Yearly: 每年
 Check operation of tap-off switches and circuit breakers
检查分接开关和和断路器的操作
 Lubricate operating parts to manufactures specification
按照制造商说明书润滑各运行部分
 Check and tighten all connections
检查和收紧所有的连接
3.3.4.3. Voltage Regulators 电压调节器
Yearly: 每年
 Check operation of voltage regulators
检查电压调节器的运行
 Check and replace carbon motor brushes as necessary
检查和按需更换电动机碳刷
 Check and tighten all connections
检查和收紧所有的连接
 Lubricate to manufacture specification
按照制造商说明书进行润滑
3.3.4.4. Power Factor Correction Equipment 功率因数校正设备
6 Monthly: 每 6 个月
 Check operation of step switching
检查分级转换的运行
Yearly: 每年
 Full service to be carried out by specialist service engineers only
只应该由专门的检修工程师进行充分的检修
3.3.4.5. LV Distribution Cables 低压配电电缆
Yearly: 每年的
 Carry out insulation resistance test of MICC cables
进行 MICC 电缆的绝缘电阻测试
 Tighten all terminations
收紧所有终端
5 Yearly: 每 5 年
 Carry out insulation resistance test of cables
进行各种电缆的绝缘电阻测试
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3.4.
STANDBY POWER SYSTEM 备用电力系统
3.4.1.
GENERAL 一般规定
This section covers the provision of standby diesel generators and associated automatic control systems
necessary for the automatic start-up of the generator on power failure and transfer of load on to the
generator.
本节覆盖的是准备备用柴油发电机以及在电路故障时为了自动启动发电机和将负荷转移到发电
机上所需的相关自动控制系统。
The section also covers the provision of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems to critical hotel
systems to cover the interim period between power failure and generator start-up.
本节还覆盖了给重要的酒店系统提供不中断电力供应（UPS）系统的准备，从而能在电力故障和
发电机启动之间的过渡时期中提供电力。
Generators shall be sized at 20% spare capacity to cover momentary peak loads as well as future loads.
发电机的大小应该确定在将瞬时峰值负荷以及未来负荷包含在内的 20%备用容量。
It will be necessary to match the generator operation to the type of UPS system to avoid nuisance
shutdown of the UPS. In general the requirement is that any non-linear load to be no more than 60% of
the generator output.
必须将发电机的运行同 UPS 系统的类型相匹配，从而避免 UPS 的错误关断。一般来说应该要求
任何的非线性负荷不应大于发电机负荷的 60%。
Standby generators and UPS systems shall be from recognised manufactures with a minimum of 10
years experience.
备用发电机和 UPS 系统应该从至少具有 10 年经验的经过认可的制造商处获得。
For the purposes of this section, the following load definitions will apply:
为了本节中的目的，将采用以下的负荷定义：
Essential (E) 根本性的
Required for life safety purposes
为了生命安全目的所需要的
Critical (C) 重要的
Essential for hotel operation
对于酒店的运营是根本性的
Other Designated (O) 其它指定的 Desirable for hotel operation but not essential
对于酒店的运营是值得要的但是非根本性的
3.4.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则
3.4.2.1. Diesel Generator and Controls 柴油发电机和控制装置
A standby diesel generator system will be provided, together with all necessary wiring and equipment to
automatically support all essential, critical, and other designated loads in the event of mains’ failure
within 10 seconds.
将提供一个备用的柴油发电机系统，与之一起的还有在主电源故障的 10 秒钟之内自动支持所有
根本性的，临界的和其它指定负荷的全部必须接线和设备。
Upon restoration of the mains, all loads will be automatically transferred back to normal power and the
generator stopped on completion of its cool-down cycle.
在主电源恢复后，所有负荷将被自动转移回正常电力而发电机在完成其冷却循环之后停车。
Siting of the generator room should take into consideration:
发电机房的地点选择应该考虑：
 Configuration and size of plant.
设备的外形和大小
 Ability to route combustion and cooling air to and from external air.
将燃烧气发送到外部大气和从外部大气吸入冷却空气的能力
 Availability of low-cost space.
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低成本场所的可供应性
Routes for generator exhaust to roof area or as required by local codes of practice.
发电机排气到屋顶区域的通路或按照当地法规惯例
Access for fuel deliveries (applicable to storage tank siting).
燃料交付通路(适用于储存容器选地)
Access for servicing and maintenance.
检修和维护的通路
Cable access to LV switchroom.
到低压开关房的电缆通路
The emergency generator power shall be connected to the following equipment:
紧急发电机的电力应该连接到下列设备：
Critical Loads (Minimum Requirements) –
临界的负荷（最低要求）
















Exit access corridor emergency lighting
安全出口通路走廊紧急照明
Guestroom entrance vestibule light
客房入口门廊灯光
Exit signs
安全出口标记
Exit stairwell lighting
安全出口楼梯间照明
Emergency generator and main switchgear room lighting
紧急发电机房和总开关装置房照明
Front-of-the-House and Back-of-the-House emergency lights
酒店前方和后方紧急灯光
Telephone/Computer room lighting, receptacles and air conditioning
电话/计算机房照明，插座和空调
Computer room air conditioning unit, power to UPS, and UPS battery room lighting and
ventilation
计算机房空调机组，供给 UPS 的电力，以及 UPS 电池房的照明和通风
Lighting and power in telephone operator's room, first aid centre and Fire Control Centre(FCC)
and Security Office including CCTV cameras.
电话总机房，紧急救援中心和消防控制中心（FCC）以及安保办公室中的照明和电力，
包括 CCTV 电视摄像机在内。
Aircraft warning light(s)
航空警告灯
Kitchen exhaust hood fans
厨房排气罩风机
PABX switch room power and light PABX
开关房电力和灯光
Smoke exhaust/removal systems where provided
烟雾排放/去除系统如果有配备的话
Exit stairwell pressurization systems where provided
安全出口楼梯间加压系统如果有配备时
One elevator, with automatic switching and manual override for all elevators and/or zones
(must comply with applicable elevator codes/standards)
一台电梯，带有自动转换和手动超越所有电梯和/或地区的装置（必须符合使用的电梯
规范/标准）
Complete fire detection, alarm system, including security alarms
完整的消防检测，报警系统，包括保安报警在内
Complete emergency voice/tone communication system
完整的紧急声音/音调通讯系统
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








Power for magnetic door hold open devices where provided
用于磁性保持门打开装置的电力如果有配备的话
Electric fire and jockey pumps
电动消防泵和连接装置泵
Flood pumps, sump pumps, sewer ejector pumps, and other essential pumps (to be defined by
hotel)
泄洪泵，污水泵，污水排放泵，和其它各种基本的泵（有待酒店决定）
Domestic water supply pumps
酒店内部供水泵
One guest room electric outlet in rooms designated accessible for use by guests with physical
disabilities
在指定为残疾人通行使用的房间内的一个客房电动出口
One Property Management System device/terminal at front desk as well as one at each Food
and Beverage outlet and one Building Automation System device usually located in the
engineers office
位于前台的一个性能管理系统的装置以及每个食品和饮料出口处有一个，还有一个通常
位于工程师办公室中的楼宇自动化系统的装置
Air compressor for dry pipe sprinkler system where provided
用于干管式洒水器系统的空气压缩机如果有配备的话
All powered components of fire suppression systems
火灾抑制系统的全部带电的组成部分
Engineering offices lighting and power
工程技术办公室的照明和电力
20% of general lighting (non essential load, when not operating in emergency)
总照明的 20%（非根本性负荷，当不在紧急情况下运行时）
Where permitted by the authority having jurisdiction, systems or devices deemed desirable or other
operational loads, i.e., non-essential loads, may be powered by the excess capacity provided for
critical loads not being used. Where non-essential loads are to be powered by the emergency
generator, a full load calculation of such equipment shall be made. To avoid problems of
overloading and failure, generator sizing shall take into account the non-essential loads. At no time
shall non-essential loads be permitted to impact generator performance while powering critical
loads. Switching to non-essential loads shall be automatic and based on selective prioritization.
在得到具有权力机构的允许之后，被认为值得要的系统和装置或其它运行性负荷，亦即，非
重要性负荷，可以由供给不在使用的重要负荷的多余容量来供电。如果非重要性负荷有待紧
急发电机供电时，应该进行这类设备的全负荷计算。为了避免超负荷和故障等问题，在确定
发电机的大小时应该把非重要性负荷考虑在内。在为重要负荷供电时任何时候都不允许非重
要性负荷来冲击发电机的性能。切换到非根本性负荷应该是自动的并且应该根据优先选择的
原则进行。
All emergency power sources are to be installed as per the requirements in NFPA 110 and NFPA 70
(latest edition of both) as a minimum; where more stringent local requirements are enforced please
adopt these requirements.
全部紧急电源应该按照 NFPA110 和 NFPA70（两者都应该是最新的版本）中的要求进行安
装，这是最低要求；如果需要按照更严格的当地要求，就请采用哪些要求。
Consideration should be given for additional emergency power capacity to support basic hotel
operational functions for properties in remote or semi-remote areas that are subject to hurricanes,
for example, and may be without power from the local utility system for several days. In locations
with a history of frequent power outages consideration should be given to 100% emergency supply.
Operational functions might include cooking facilities, the domestic water system, limited lighting
and power in the guestrooms, and the like.
对于那些会遭受飓风的遥远或半遥远地区上的不动产，应该考虑增加紧急电力容量来支持酒
店的各种基本的运行功能，例如，可能从当地公用事业的系统中几天得不到电力。在那些历
史上频繁发生电力短缺的地点，应该考虑给以 100%的紧急电源。运行功能可以包括烹调设
施，酒店内部用水系统，客房中有限的照明和电力，诸如此类。
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3.4.2.2. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System 不中断电力供应（UPS）系统
A UPS system should be provided to support power supplies to computer system outlets and electronic
point-of-sale (EPOS) terminals, together with any other critical equipment necessary for operation of the
hotel computer/sales system.
应该配备一个 UPS 系统来支持将电源供应给计算机系统各出口和电子销售店（EPOS）的各终
端，与之一起的还有为了运行酒店计算机/销售系统所必需的任何其它临界设备。
The size of the UPS system must be considered in the final selection of the standby generator system.
UPS 系统的大小必须在备用发电机系统的最终选择中考虑。
3.4.3.
SPECIFICATIONS & APPLICATIONS GUIDE 规格和应用指南
3.4.3.1. Diesel Generator and Controls 柴油发电机和控制装置
Diesel generators will be supplied, fitted with water cooled 4-stoke diesel engines with tropical rated
radiators, (50°C air into air cleaners).
所提供的柴油发电机应该配备有水冷式 4-冲程柴油发动机，并带有用于热带的额定散热器，
（50°C 空气进入空气清洁器）。
Diesel engines will normally be rated for standby duty, but in areas where power failures are likely to be
prolonged (ie, longer than 12 hours), or exceed 400 hours per year in total, engines will be rated for prime
power operation.
柴油发动机通常额定为用于备用工作制，但是在电力故障经常会被延长的区域（即长于 12 小
时），或总计每年超过 400 小时的区域中，发动机将额定为用于最初的电力运行。
Alternators should be rated for prime power operation in all circumstances.
交流发电机应该额定为用于所有情况下的最初电力运行。
The generator should be de-rated for the ambient temperature and altitude pertaining at the project locality.
发电机应该为周围环境温度和项目所在地的海拔高度降低额定值。
The diesel generator should be capable of delivering the required load at 0.8 power factor, at
1500(50Hz)/1800(60Hz) rpm normal full load operation. Fuel oil cooling should be included if necessary.
柴油发电机应该在 1500(50Hz)/1800(60Hz)转/分的正常全负荷运行下，能够以 0.8 的功率因素交
付所需的负荷。如有需要应该包括燃油的冷却在内。
The generator should be fitted with an electronic governor capable of maintaining frequency within ±0.25%
of rated frequency at all loads, with a maximum frequency modulation of one cycle per second.
发电机应该配备有一个电子调速器，它能够在所有负荷下将频率维持在额定频率的±0.25%以内，
其最大频率调制为每秒一周。
The generator should be fitted with all controls, instrumentation, and alarm equipment necessary to enable
automatic starting and shutdown, automatic load transfer from and back to mains’ supplies, and automatic
shut-down with remote alarm on generator systems failure.
发电机应该配备能够进行自动启动和停止，自动将负荷从主电源中转移出来和回去，以及在发电
机系统失效时带有遥控报警的自动关断所必需的全部控制装置，仪表和报警设备。
The diesel generator set should be fitted with a residential type silencer and be mounted on a concrete pad
with vibration isolators to limit noise transmission.
柴油发电机机组应该配备住宅型的消音器，后者应该安装在带有隔振器的混凝土垫板上，从而能
够限制噪声的传递。
Diesel generator shall be provided with the following fuel tank capacity:
a. 8 hours capacity or one cubic meter of indoor fuel tank whichever is suitable, plus
b. 24 hours of outdoor fuel tank where city power interruption more than 8 hours, or
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c. 48 hours of outdoor fuel tank where in a remote area.
A refill fuel port shall be convenience located for fuel truck access
应急发电机应配置下列柴油容量：
1. 八小时或一立方米室内油箱；
2. 在停电超过 8 个小时的地方，需要外加 24 小时室外油箱；
3. 在偏远的地方，需要外加不小于 48 小时的室外油箱
所有以上情况都必须在室外合适的位置安装油罐车连接口。
The generator will start automatically in the event of the failure of supply to any automatic transfer switch
and be ready to accept load within 10 seconds of starting.
在任何自动转换开关的电源发生故障时发电机将自动启动而且在启动的 10 秒钟之内就准备好接受
负荷。
Loads will be transferred to the generator distribution system by means of automatic transfer switches when
the generator reaches its full operating speed. This will necessitate the generator being sized to accept a step
load of 50% (from cold) of the total essential services load or alternatively the essential services loads will
be arranged to be connected in a series of steps to minimise the mechanical stress on the prime mover.
当发电机达到其全部的运行速度时，负荷将通过自动转换开关转换到发电机的配电系统。这就必
须使发电机的大小确定得能够接受总的非根本性负荷 50%（从冷态）的阶梯负荷，或者以一连串
阶梯的方式来连接根本性负荷来使一次电源上的机械应力降至最低。
Automatic transfer switches must be purpose built units fitted with bypass isolation switches. Circuit
breaker configurations will not be accepted.
自动转换开关必须是带有旁通隔离开关的专门制造的器件。不接受断路器的配置。
3.4.3.2. Prime Power 最初的电力
Where generators are required for continuous power generation of the hotel facilities, the following
criteria shall apply. The diesel generator sets shall be sized so that a minimum combination meets total
peak load at a rating of not more than 80%, with at least one full stand-by set available.
当需要发电机连续产生电力供给酒店的设施时，应该采用下列准则。柴油发电机机组的大小应
该确定得能是最小的组合可以在不大于 80%额定值的情况下满足总的峰值负荷，并且有一个充分
备用的机组可供应用。
In case of failure of any one unit, overloading of the other operating sets shall be avoided, as otherwise
total black-out would occur.
在任何一个机组失效的情况下，应该避免其它运行机组的超负荷，否则将会发生总断电。
This can achieved in the following two ways:
下列两种方法可以达到这一要求：
1. The units operating in parallel can carry the load of the failed set.
并联运行的各机组可以携带失效机组的负荷。
2. Load sensing devices would automatically disconnect non-essential loads.
负荷探测装置将会自动地脱开非根本性负荷。
Option (2) should only be chosen if external power supply from the Electricity Company would be
expected at some reasonable future date.
如果可以期望在合理的未来日期内从电力公司获得外部电源，只应该选择方案（2）。
Example: 例子
Peak load: 2.000 KW. Required generator capacity: 2.000/0,8 = 2.500 KW.
峰值负荷：2000 KW. 需要的发电机容量：2000/0,8 = 2.500 KW
Option 1: 3 sets each 1.250 KW in operation plus one stand-by = 4 sets.
方案 1：运行中的 3 套每套 1.250 KW 再加一套备用 = 4 套。
Option 2: 2 sets in operation plus one standby = 3 sets.
方案 2：运行中的 2 套再加一套备用 = 3 套。
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Depending on location, quality of service, ease of getting spare parts, it may be appropriate to size them
smaller and add an additional unit to provide 2 sets of standby.
取决于地点，服务质量，获得备件的容易程度，可以适当地将它们的大小确定得小一些并且增
加一个附加装置来提供 2 套备用品。
Diesel engines shall be low speed 750 RPM, but not more than 1.000 RPM.
柴油发动机应该是低速的 750 转/分，但不大于 1000 转/分。
Generator to be self-regulation brushless type. Compound excitation system with automatic voltage
regulator (AVR).
发电机应该是自调节式无电刷型。复合励磁系统带有自动电压稳压器（AVR）。
Fuel storage shall be sufficient for 48 hours of full load operation, depending on local conditions. Minimum
of two double-lined fibreglass storage tanks are required. Spill, overfill and ground water monitoring shall
be provided.
取决于当地的条件，燃料储存应该足够用于 48 小时的全负荷运行。最少需要两个双重衬里的玻璃
纤维储存罐。应该提供防溢出，过充和地面水的监控。
The following items shall be considered: 应该考虑以下各项
1. All loads shall be balanced.
全部负荷都应该得到平衡。
2. Units must be capable of fully automatic synchronization
各机组都必须能够全部自动同步化。
3. Engines shall be turbocharged.
各发动机应该用涡轮增压。
4. Power factor correction equipment shall not interfere with generator operation.
功率因数校正设备不应该干扰发电机的运行。
5. Design system such that future connection to local grid can be made without major changes.
设计系统可以无需重大改变就能在将来连接到当地高压输电网。
6. Control panels to be installed within separated air conditioned spaces.
需要安装在分开的空调场所之内的控制屏。
7. Air compressors for starting engines to be sized to allow multiple starts (in case of total power outage.
用来启动发动机的空气压缩机，后者大小的确定应该允许作多次启动（在总电源断供情况
下）。
8. Heat recovery from cooling circuit and exhaust to be incorporated to pre-heat hot water or other circuits.
从冷却管路和排放中回收热量，有待于同预热热水或其它管路相结合。
9. Acoustic performance shall not adversely influence hotel and neighbourhood.
声学的（消声的）性能不应该对酒店和邻里产生坏的影响。
10. Spare parts for one year supply to be included.
包括可以供应一年的备件。
11. Service hoist above engines to be included.
包括上述发动机的检修起重机。
12. Cathodic protection on all tank piping to be included.
包括所有容器管道上的阴极保护。
3.4.3.3. UPS System 不中断电力供应（UPS）系统
The UPS will be of the in-line configuration type, comprising rectifier, inverter and battery, under normal
operating conditions.
UPS 应该是线内配置类型，由整流器，变频器和电池组成，处于正常运行条件之下。
The UPS system will be capable of operation in the following modes:
UPS 系统能够以下列模式运行：
Normal Mode 正常模式
During operation the UPS will be used to provide precise regulated and transient-free power to the critical
load. The primary ac source will be used to supply power to the rectifier and battery charger separately via
an isolation transformer. The rectifier will provide regulated dc power to support the inverter while the
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separate battery charger is maintaining the battery bank in a fully charged condition. The inverter will
convert the dc power into regulated ac power for the load.
在运行时，UPS 将被用来向临界性负荷提供经过精密调节的和没有瞬变的电力。一次交流电源将
被用来通过隔离变压器向整流器和电池充电器分别供电。整流器将提供经过调节的直流电源来支
持变频器，而同时分开的电池充电器则将电池组保持在充分充电的状态上。变频器则将直流电变
换为交流电用于负荷。
Emergency Mode 紧急模式
Upon failure of the normal ac power input, the UPS will operate in its battery autonomy mode, whereby the
inverter will automatically be supplied from the battery bank for up to 30 minutes. When the ac power is
restored, input power to the inverter will automatically be supplied from the rectifier while the battery
charger is recharging the battery bank. If the input power does not return, the UPS will automatically shut
itself down, while sounding an audible alarm, when the lower limit of the battery bank is reached.
在正常的交流输入电源失效的情况下，UPS 将以其电池自主模式运行，其中变频器将自动地从电
池组获得 30 分钟以下的电力供应。在交流电源恢复时，变频器的输入电源将自动地从整流器获得
供应而同时电池充电器对电池组再充电。如果输入电源并未恢复，UPS 自身将自动关断，而在到
达电池组的下限时同时响起一个声音报警信号。
Bypass Mode 旁通模式
If UPS failure occurs, a static switch will transfer the load to the ac main power without a break. Retransfer
of the load to the output of the UPS will be manually accomplished. For maintenance purposes, supply and
install make-before break, manually initiated maintenance bypass switches to bypass and isolate the UPS
system without interruption of the load. The system configuration is to be arranged to ensure that makebefore-break operation is correctly phased.
如果 UPS 发生故障，一个静态开关将把负荷不中断地转移到交流主电源。将负荷重新转移到 UPS
的输出将是手动来完成的。为了维修方便起见，提供和安装了事前的断流，手动地发动维修旁通
开关将 UPS 系统旁通和隔离而并不使负荷中断。系统的配置要安排得能保证事前断流操作是正确
定相（定阶段）的。
The UPS will have built-in protection against undervoltage and overcurrent, including voltage and current
surges on the output caused by load transfer.
UPS 针对欠电压和过电压具有装入式保护，包括由负荷转移所造成的在输出上的电压和电流浪涌
在内。
The UPS system will maintain an output voltage within ±0.5% nominal voltage at nominal frequency of
±0.1% for voltage input of +10%, -8% nominal voltage on balanced loads with input frequency in the range
±5% nominal. Power factor at full load will be no less than 0.95 lagging. Batteries will be of the gas
recombination type, sized to provide full power at the end of 10 years with expected degradation to 80% cell
capacity.
UPS 系统对于 10%的电压输入在名义频率±0.1%下将输出电压保持在±0.5%名义电压之内，在平
衡的负荷上-8%名义电压这时输入频率在±5%名义频率范围之内。满负荷下的功率因数将不小于
0.95 滞后。电池是气体重新组合类型，其大小应该确定得在 10 年年终时能提供充分的电力，退
化期望值为 80%电池容量。
3.4.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约
3.4.4.1. Standby Diesel Generator 备用柴油发电机
Ensure maintenance is carried out to a high standard, ensure diesel engine is correctly tuned and adjusted to
reduce exhaust emissions to a minimum.
保证进行过高标准的维护，保证柴油发动机经过正确的性能调整并且调整至可以将排气的排放减
少到最大限度。
Provide load banks for weekly tests or operate at full load at least twice annually if weekly tests are on no
load.
提供负荷储存以便用于每周的测试，或每年至少两次在全负荷下运行如果每周的测试是在无负荷
下进行的。
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Implement improvements in exhaust technology, where feasible economically viable to further reduce
exhaust emissions.
在排气技术上实施改进，这时进一步减少排气排放在经济上是可行的。
Dispose of used lubricants, etc, in an approved manner to minimise pollution. Recycle waste products where
possible.
以经过批准的方式处置使用过的润滑剂来减少污染。若有可能废弃物品可重复利用。
Where possible use a single generator set configuration to reduce fuel consumption.
若有可能，使用单一发电机组的配置来减少燃料消耗。
3.4.4.2. UPS System 不间断电源系统
Take cognisance of latest battery technology and consider implementation of such at time of battery
replacement, to reduce use of heavy metals.
注意最新的电池技术并在更换电池时考虑加以实施，以减少重金属的使用。
Dispose of used lead acid batteries by use of recycling facilities.
利用再循环设施来处置使用过的铅酸电池。
3.4.5.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS 操作和维修说明书
3.4.5.1. Standby Generator 备用发电机
The generator will only be serviced by the manufactures representative or agent, or by an approved
maintenance engineer.
发电机将只能由制造商代表或代理人，或批准的维修工程师进行检修。
Operation and maintenance will be carried out strictly in accordance with the manufactures operation
and maintenance schedules. In addition, fuel, lubricant coolant and electrolyte levels will be checked on
a weekly basis and the set run for a minimum period of one hour preferably at 50% load with start-up by
simulated mains failure.
操作和维修将严格地按照制造商的操作和维修的计划表进行。除此之外，燃料、润滑剂、冷却
剂和电解液的水平（液位）将每周检查一次并且在模拟的主电源失效的情况下进行启动，最好
以 50%负荷至少运转一小时。
Record start-up and run time.
记录启动和运转的时间。
Check operation of all lamps, instruments and switches.
检查所有灯光，仪器和开关的运行情况。
Re-top up any used fuel, lubricant, etc.
重新加足任何使用过的燃料，润滑剂等。
3.4.5.2. UPS System 不间断电源系统
The UPS system will only be serviced by the manufacturers representative or agent.
UPS 系统将只能由制造商代表或代理人进行检修。
Operation and maintenance will be carried out strictly in accordance with the manufactures maintenance
manual and schedules.
操作和维修将严格地按照制造商的操作和维修的计划表进行。
Only simple routine maintenance can be carried out on the UPS module by non-specialist staff. This is
limited to keeping records, cleaning and maintaining the required environment. All other maintenance
will be carried out be the manufactures representative or agent.
在 UPS 模块上非专业的员工只能进行简单的例行维修。这一内容限制于保存记录，清洁和保持
所需的环境。所有其它的维修将由制造商代表或代理人进行。
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Maintenance of battery modules should be restricted to cleaning, and testing battery voltage and
connection resistance. All other maintenance should be restricted to the manufactures approved
representative or agent.
电池模块的维修应该限制于清洁工作，以及测试电池电压和连接电阻。所有其它的维修应该有
经过批准的制造商代表或代理人进行。
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3.5.
EARTHING AND BONDING 接地和连接
3.5.1.
GENERAL 概要
This section covers the provision of earthing and bonding systems throughout the project. The section
does not cover lightning protection which will be the subject of section 3.14, but will be read in
conjunction with that section.
本章节包括了整个项目的接地和连接系统的规定。本章节没有涵盖照明保护，有关信息见 3.14
章节。但在与本章节连接处会提到。
The requirement for earthing and bonding systems will be in accordance with British, European or US
Standards where there is no conflict with local requirement.
接地与连接系统的要求在不与当地要求冲突的前提下遵循英国，欧洲或者美国的标准。
3.5.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
An earthing and bonding system will be provided as required by local wiring regulations.
接地和连接系统按照当地配线规定操作。
Where local wiring regulations are based on US, British or Australian regulations but are superseded by
revision to those regulations, the updated versions of the US, British or Australian regulations should be
used as a minimum standard.
如果当地的配线规定是基于美国，英国或澳大利亚的规定的修订版本，那么必须采用最新版本
的美国，英国或澳大利亚的配线规定作为最低标准要求。
The design engineer should obtain earth loop impedance details for the supply from the local electricity
supply company. If this information is not available, the data will be obtained by testing.
设计工程师应当获取当地电力供应公司供电的对地回线阻抗的详细资料。如果该资料无法获
得，那么须经过测试来获取数据。
Electronic surge protection equipment is to be installed where required to minimise surge damage to
sensitive electronic equipment
必须安装电子过电压保护装置将敏感电子设备的过电压损失降低到最小程度。
3.5.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明以及应用指导
An earthing and bonding system is to be provided, consisting of a main earthing conductor from the
substation earth system to a main earth bar in the LV switchroom, from which a system of earthing
conductors emanates to earth bars associated with each sub-main switchpanel, panelboard and each level
of the electrical rising distribution system.
一个接地和连接系统包括：一个从分接地系统到低压配电室的主接地杆的主接地导体，从接地
导体发射到与每个二级配电盘连接的接地杆系统，配电板以及每个楼层的电力分配系统。
Where supply systems require a separate earth electrode system to be provided, this may consist of
either a dedicated earth electrode array, or the use of the structural piles (if any).
在供电系统要求提供一个独立的接地电极系统的地方，系统包括一个专门的接地电极装置，或
者利用建筑物的桩（有的话）。
The incoming piped services and the lightning protection system are to be securely bonded to the main
earth bar. The lightning protection system may be connected via a test link, if permitted by local codes
of practice.
输入的有线电视，以及照明保护系统必须安全地连接在主接地杆上。如果当地条例允许，照明
保护系统可以通过测试链接来连接。
All main service switch and distribution switchboard equipment, transformers, motors, panelboards and
all related metallic equipment should be effectively earthed in the approved manner, in accordance with
the earthing requirements of the Local Supply and Wiring Regulations.
依照当地供电和配线法规的接地规定，所有的主配电开关，配电盘设备，变压器，马达，配电板
以及相关的金属设备都必须经许可的方式有效地接地。
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The conduit system should be securely bonded to the above-described earthing system. All motor frames
will be bonded and earthed by a suitable earth wire.
管道系统必须安全地与上述系统连接在一起。所有的马达基座都必须用适当的接地线接地。
Joints in earth conductors will not be permitted.
不允许接地导体中有接头。
Test points will be bolted or clamped.
测试点必须用螺钉栓紧或夹住。
Connections between earth conductors and earth electrode systems should be carried out in purpose
made inspection pits sympathetic in design and location, with the architectural requirements of the
project.
根据该项目的建筑要求，接地导体与接地电极之间连接定期在检测孔检测。
All electrodes should be installed in undisturbed ground. The summer water table level should be
measured and the earth electrodes installed reaching below that level, if possible.
所有的电极都应安装在不受干扰的地方。应当测量夏季地下水位，如果可能的话接地电极应安
装在水位以下。
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3.6.
LIGHTING SYSTEMS 照明系统
3.6.1.
GENERAL 综述
The lighting systems for the hotel will consist of luminaires, wiring, and lighting controls to the
common, external and service areas, and specialised areas such as sports facilities. The systems will also
include the emergency lighting system and self-illuminated emergency exit signs.
酒店的照明系统将由公共区域，外部和内部区域以及特殊区域诸如运动设施内的灯具，接线，
和照明控制装置组成。这些系统还包括紧急照明系统和自身-照亮的紧急安全出口的标记在内。
This section does not include lighting to guest rooms and aircraft obstruction lights which are covered,
in detail, in section 3.8 and 3.11 respectively. Also excluded is lighting to concessions, which will be
subject to their own specialised fit-out.
本节并不包括客房的照明和飞行器碍航物灯光在内，后二者分别在第 3.8 和 3.11 节中加以详细
说明。同样不包括在内的还有特许的照明，它们将隶属于它们各自的专门装备。
The Design Engineer will establish the requirements of any local codes of practice or statutory
instruments applicable to the installation, operation, control and energy conservation of lighting and will
incorporate these requirements into his design.
设计工程师将建立适用于照明的安装，运行，控制和能量接应的任何地方性实际法规或法定手
段的要求以及将这些要求结合到其设计之内。
The final approval of the design of the lighting system rests with IHG and the project design team.
照明系统设计的最终批准由 IHG 和项目设计团队决定。
3.6.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计准则
The following design criteria are to be considered as minimum requirements which may be exceeded by
local practices.
下列设计准则是作为最低要求来考虑的，它们可以被当地的惯例所超越。
The design engineer will liaise closely with the Architect, Interior Designer and Specialist Lighting
Consultants with regard to the selection and location of decorative luminaires and effects, both within
and outside the hotel, together with the location of all outlets required to supply movable decorative
lamps.
设计工程师将同建筑师，内部设计师和照明专家顾问紧密联系来选择和定位装饰灯具和效应，
无论在酒店之内或酒店外部，与之一起还要定位供应可移动的装饰性灯具的全部电源插座。
Due to the increasing pressure for energy efficiency, the design engineer will advise the design team to
minimise the use of incandescent luminaires.
由于对能源效率日益增加的压力，设计工程师将会劝告设计团队将白炽灯具的使用减至最低。
Note: Halogen lamps are forbidden in guestrooms (excluding ceiling lights) due to Fire Life Safety
concerns.
注意：出于对消防生命安全考虑，卤素灯禁止用于客房（不包括天花灯）。
The use of high frequency control gear in fluorescent luminaires will become standard practice. Where it
is practicable, the use of dimmable high frequency fluorescent control gear, with related dimming
equipment is to be encouraged, as in the use of automatic lighting controls systems incorporating
presence/absence detectors and auto-OFF manual-ON timed switching to selected areas.
在荧光灯具中使用高频控制装置将变成标准的惯例。在实际可行时，鼓励使用可调光的高频荧
光控制装置，并带有相关的调光设备，在有选择的区域中作为自动照明控制系统来使用，该系
统连接有移动监测器和自动-关闭/手动开动的定时开关。
The following table 3.6.2A provides guidance on illuminance levels and recommended maximum
lighting loads expressed in W/m²:
下表 3.6.2A 提供的是照度级别上的指导意见和以 W/m² 表示的推荐最大照明负荷：
Table 3.6.2A
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Approximate Maintenance Illuminance Levels, Lighting Loads and Recommended Fittings
近似的维持照度级别，照明负荷及推荐装置
Area 区域
Lighting 照 明
Intensity 亮 度
(LUX 勒克斯）
Fitting Type
配合类型
Watts/sqm
(Max) 瓦 特 / 平
方米（最大）
Ballroom 宴会厅
270
I/CF
40 *#
Exhibition 展示厅
500
I/F/HID
50 #
Assembly 集合场所
400
I/CF
40 *#
Main Entrance Lobby 主要入口大厅
150
I/CF
30 *
Lobby 大厅
100
I/CF
20 *
Dinning Room 餐厅
200
I/CF
20 *#
Speciality Restaurant 风味餐厅
200
I/CF
20 *#
Meeting Rooms 会议室
270
I/CF
40 #
Coffee Shop 咖啡厅
200
I/CF
20 *#
Lounge 休闲室
150
I/CF
15 *#
Night Club 夜总会
150
I/CF
30 #
Cocktail Lounge 鸡尾酒吧
200
I/CF
20 *#
Bar 酒吧间
200
I/CF
20 *#
Public Corridors 公共走廊
150
CF
15 *
Guest Corridors 客人走廊
100
CF
10 *
Service Corridors 服务走廊
100
F
10
Foyer 前庭
200
I/CF
30 *#
Front Desk 前台
300
I/CF
30 #
Offices 办公室
400
F
15
Kitchen 厨房
300
F
15
Laundry Work Area 洗衣房工作区
300
F
15
Valet 衣帽间
500
F
20
Housekeeping Area 客房服务区域
300
F
15
Work Shop 车间
300
F
15
Service rooms 检修室
300
F
15
Machine Rooms 机器房
200
F
15
Employees Lockers 员工更衣室
200
F
15
Storage 储藏室
100
F
10
Concessionary Outlets 商铺
Separate Fit-out 分开的装备
50 #
Telephone Switchboard Room 总机房
300
F
15
Toilets (Public) 盥洗室（公共）
150
F/CF/HID
10
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Area 区域
Lighting 照 明
Intensity 亮 度
(LUX 勒克斯）
Fitting Type
配合类型
Watts/sqm
(Max) 瓦 特 / 平
方米（最大）
Exteriors 外部
65
HID
-
Projection Room 放映室
150
I/CF
20
Garage 车库
100
F
10
Discotheque 迪斯科舞厅
150
I/CF
10 #
Guest Elevator Lobbies 客人电梯大厅
150
CF
20 *
Guest Rooms 客房
300
I/CF
40*#
* Includes chandeliers, wall brackets, etc, decorative effect lighting.
包括树枝形装饰灯，墙壁托架灯等等装饰效果照明在内。
# Subject to special lighting effects/local decorative lighting.
服从于特殊照明效果/局部装饰性照明。
I - Incandescent 白炽灯,
F - Fluorescent 荧光灯,
CF - Compact Fluorescent Energy Saving Lamp 紧凑型节能荧光灯
HID - High Intensity Discharge (High pressure sodium, metal halide, etc)
高亮度放电（高压钠灯，金属卤化物灯等等）
External lighting should be provided for all pedestrian and vehicular access routes to the building,
service and car parking areas.
外部照明应该提供给所有通向楼宇，服务区域和停车区域的步行和车辆通行路线。
Road lighting should be in accordance with local codes of practice.
道路照明应该按照地方性实际法规。
Decorative lighting and/or flood lighting should be provided to the major elevations of the building and
to landscaped areas and signage.
装饰性照明和/或泛光照明应该提供给决定的主要立面以及景观区域和标志系统。
All external lighting should be time switch and photo-cell controlled, with manual override switches
being provided in the security office.
所有外部照明应该由时间开关和光电池控制，并带有配备在安保办公室内的手动超越开关。
Separate controls should be provided for the following: 对下列情况应该配备单独的控制装置
 Road, car parking and delivery area lighting
道路，车辆停靠和交货区域的照明
 Pedestrian area lighting and building entrances
步行区域的照明和楼宇入口
 Decorative and flood lighting
装饰性和泛光照明
 Illuminated signs and displays
发亮的标志和显示器
 Underwater pool lighting
水下水池照明
For all Holiday Inn and Holiday Inn Express hotels, allow for 4 power outlets on walls outside main
entry for future connection of lights in new planter boxes that will be located on either side of the entry.
Outlets to be at low level (300mm AFFL with weather proof fitting).
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所有假日及快捷假日品牌酒店在主出入口的外墙上配置 4 个电源插座供将来出入口处任意一边
放置的新盆景中的照明使用。防水防潮电源插口位置设于低处（离地 300 毫米标高处）。
Emergency lighting should be designed to local standards but as a minimum should provide an average
of 10.8lux and, at any point, not less than 1.1lux, along escape routes with a uniformity factor of 0.025.
Other areas to have a minimum of 0.2lux with a uniformity ratio of 0.025. Emergency lighting should be
provided to illuminate all free illuminated exit signs.
紧急照明首先需符合当地标准要求设计；但除当地标准外，作为逃生路线的最低要求应可提供
平均照度达 10.8 勒克斯（lux）及在沿途采用 0.025 的照度均匀值，另外于当中任何点位处不
小于 1.1 勒克斯（lux）。其它区域应最低要求应可提供 0.2 勒克斯（lux）及 0.025 的照度均
匀值。所有不带电源的安全出口标志需紧急照明提供要求照度。
Self illuminated emergency exit signs should be provided, in public areas, above all doors leading to,
and along, escape routes. The signs should be visible from all points within function rooms and
corridors.
在公共区域，在所有导向，和沿着逃生路线的门的上方都应该配备自身照亮的紧急安全出口标
志。从功能室内和走廊上所有地点都应该能看到这些标志。
Emergency exit signs should be provided to back-of-house areas in accordance with local
codes/standards.
按照地方性法规/标准应该对酒店的后方区域提供紧急安全出口标志。
The pattern of the face panels of the self illuminated exit signs should be in accordance with local
regulations.
自身照亮的安全出口标志的面板式样应该按照当地的规章。
Tennis court lighting will be design to the standards of the International Lawn Tennis Association,
‘Club’ standard, as indicate by the following Tables 3.6.2.B for indoor courts and 3.6.2C for outdoor
courts.
网球场的照明将按照国际草地网球协会的标准，“俱乐部”标准来设计，正如下列用于室内网
球场的表 3.6.2.B 和用于室外网球场的表 3.6.2 C 所示。
Table 3.6.2B
Indoor Tennis Court Lighting Standards 室内网球场照明标准
Standard
of
Play/Application
Illuminance
(Em)照度
比赛/应用的标准
(Lux)
Club 俱乐部
400
Plane
of
Measurement 测
量平面
Uniformity
Ratio
Mounting
Height (m)
一致性比率
安装高度
Horizontal
on
court
场地上水平方向
0.8
7 (min)
Reflectance: Floor and back wall 0.2, side walls 0.4-0.6, ceiling 0.6-0.8
反射率：地面和后壁 0.2，侧壁 0.4-0.6，天花板 0.6-0.8
Table 3.6.2C
Outdoor Tennis Court Lighting Standards 室外网球场照明标准
Standard
of
Play/Application
Illuminance
(Em) 照度
Plane
of
Measurement
Uniformit
y Ratio
Mounting
Height (m)
比赛/应用的标准
(Lux)
测量平面
一致性比
率
安装高度
Club 俱乐部
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Over
场地上
court
Over playing area
260
Horizontal
on
ground
地面上水平方向
0.6
180
Horizontal
on
ground
地面上水平方向
0.6
比赛区域上
Squash court lighting will be designed to the standards of the International Squash Rackets Association,
‘Club’ standard, as indicated by the following Table 3.6.2D.
壁球场的照明将按照国际壁球球拍协会标准，“俱乐部”标准来设计，正如下表 3.6.2.D 所
示。
Table 3.6.2D
Squash Court Lighting Standards 壁球场照明标准
Standard
of
Play/Application
Illuminance
（Em）照度
Plane
Measurement
比赛/应用的标准
(Lux)
测量平面
of
Uniformit
y Ratio
Mounting
Height (m)
一致性比
率
安装高度
Club 俱乐部
6
Floor 地板
400
Horizontal on floor
地板上水平方向
Side walls 侧壁
350
Vert on wall
垂直于墙壁
End walls 端壁
400
Vert
on
垂直于墙壁
0.8
wall
Reflectance: Wall 0.6 - 0.8, ceiling 0.6 - 0.8, floor 0.3 - 0.4
反射率：墙壁 0.6-0.8，天花板 0.6 - 0.8, 地板 0.3 - 0.4
Wiring systems will consist of either single core LSF cables in steel conduit, or modular - type wiring
system, as a minimum. Where required by local codes, other types of wiring, such as MICC will be used.
External sports court lighting will be carried out in XLPE/SWA/LSF cable.
接线系统将由在钢导管内的单芯 LSF 电缆，或模块型接线系统组成，作为最低要求。在当地法规
有要求时，其它的接线类型，诸如 MICC 将被使用。外部运动场照明将通过 XLPE/SWA/LSF 电缆来
实现。
3.6.3.
SPECIFICATIONS & APPLICATION GUIDE 说明书和应用指南
3.6.3.1. Luminaires 灯具
Luminaire will be selected to conform with all local standard and will be of the types indicate in Table
3.6.2A.
灯具的选择应该符合所有的地方性标准并且是表 3.6.2A 中所指出的类型。
Fluorescent luminaires in areas containing rotating machinery (eg, kitchen, plantrooms, etc) will be
served from circuits of mixed phase to avoid stroboscopic effects.
在包含旋转机械的区域（如，厨房，车间，等等）中的荧光灯就应该从混合相位的电路中获得
电源从而可以避免频闪效应。
Air handling type luminaires will be provided where ceilings are used as extract plenums.
在天花板用作为抽风式强制通风的场合应该配备空气控制型灯具。
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Decorative luminaries will be selected on the basis of performance, aesthetic requirements, and local
availability, and be agreed with the architect and interior designer.
装饰性灯具将根据性能，美学要求，和当地的可供应性来选择，并且经过建筑师和内部设计师
的同意。
Emergency luminaires will be fitted with battery/inverter packs to give 120-minutes maintained operation
during periods of power failure. Provision will be made for local testing of emergency lighting operation.
Local testing of emergency lighting operation shall be 30seconds monthly and 90 minutes half-yearly.
紧急灯具将配备有电池/倒相器从而可以在电源失效期间给出 120 分钟的维持运行。工程部对应急
照明需进行每月 30 秒及半年 90 分钟的测试。
Emergency luminaires will be connected to the generator-fed essential services section of the distribution
system.
紧急灯具将被连接到配电系统中的发电机馈电根本性服务部分。
Indoor tennis courts will generally be lit by the use of fluorescent luminaires such that their light is
distributed across the court. The luminaires will be fitted with anti-glare baffles or louvres, mounted
behind a clear polycarbonate sheet, and fitted with a suitably sized steel mesh grid to prevent ball
damage.
室内网球场一般使用荧光灯具来照明，这样一来它们的灯光将跨越网球场分布。灯具将配备反
眩光挡板或百叶窗，安装在干净的聚碳酸酯板之后，并且配备有大小适当的钢制筛网格栅来防
止被网球损坏。
Outdoor tennis courts will be lit by pole mounted metal halide luminaires mounted parallel to the side of
the court and arranged to distribute their light evenly across the court. The luminaires will be fitted with
anti-glare baffles and steel mesh grids over polycarbonate sheet panels to prevent ball damage.
室外网球场将被电极安装的金属卤化物灯具照亮，后者安装得平行于网球场的侧边并且排列得使
灯光能均匀地跨越网球场分布。灯具将配备反眩光挡板或百叶窗，安装在干净的聚碳酸酯板之
后，并且配备有大小适当的钢制筛网格栅来防止被网球损坏。
Squash courts will be lit be ceiling mounted fluorescent luminaires mounted in a standard squash court
arrangement. The luminaires will be fitted with a narrow mesh rigid steel grid to prevent ball damage. The
illumination of fully glazed squash courts will be carried out by a specialist designer to avoid disabling
reflections off the glazed surfaces. Luminaires in areas with CCTV coverage will be fitted with fluorescent,
metal halide, or incandescent lamps.
壁球场将被安装于天花板的荧光灯具照亮，后者安装在标准的壁球场布置之中。灯具将配备有狭
窄的筛网格栅来避免被球损坏。充分照亮的壁球场的照明应该有专门设计师来完成从而避免从照
亮的版面发出不恰当的反射。CCTV 覆盖区域内的灯具将配备有荧光灯，金属卤化物灯，或白炽
灯。
3.6.3.2. Dimming Systems 调光系统
 Dimmers for Decoration Lighting: 用于装饰照明的调光器
The lighting of all bars, restaurants, ballroom, lobby and other areas required to be dimmed will be
controlled by a preset Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) type dimming system, a single triac (rated
at 200% rated load) to provide, at all times, symmetrical alternating current output to the lamp loads
controlled. Dimmer assemblies will be factory assembled and wired as a distribution panelboard,
and contain the proper number and capacity of silicon controlled rectifiers mounted on heat sinks,
and printed circuit type control cards containing dimmer bias and curve adjustment controls, as well
as firing and protective circuitry (one per dimmer). An individual thermal/magnetic primary circuit
breaker for each dimming channel and a “control power” circuit breaker will be provided. Dimmer
software will be year 2000 compliant regarding date handling functions.
所有酒吧间，餐厅，舞厅，大厅和其它区域中需要调光的照明将由预先设定的可控硅整流器
（SCR）型调光系统来控制，单一的三端双向可控硅开关元件（额定于 200%额定负荷）可以
在任何时间向所控制的灯光负荷提供对称的交流输出。调光器装配件是由工厂进行装配的并
且接线成为配电屏板，而且包含适当数目和容量安装于散热器上的可控硅整流器，和含有调
光器偏置和曲线调整控制器的印刷电路控制卡，以及开通和保护电路（每个调光器一个）。
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将对每个调光通道提供一个单独的热/磁初级断路器以及一个“控制功率”断路器。调光器
软件在日期操作功能方面是顺从 2000 年的。
Panels will be cooled by free convection. Fans will not be used.
控制屏的冷却将通过自由对流。不使用风机。
Each dimming unit will carry its full rated load indefinitely. The kW dimmer rating will refer to
fluorescent lamp loads. Lighting loads from full rated load to 10 watts load will be controlled in a
stepless output in a range from zero to full voltage.
每个调光装置不确定地携带其全部额定负荷。kW 调光器额定值可参考荧光灯负荷。从全部
额定负荷到 10 瓦特负荷的照明负荷是通过在从零到全电压的一种无级输出的方式来控制
的。
The standard dimming curve shall be square law so that changes of specified magnitude on the
controller will provide an apparent corresponding change in light output. A positive air gap relay
will be included on each dimmer card to ensure open-circuit when the dimmer is OFF.
标准的调光曲线应该是平方律规律的，从而控制器上规定大小的变化将在灯光输出上提供一
个明显的相应变化。在每一个调光器卡上包括有一个正气隙继电器用来保证在调光器关闭
（OFF）时的开路状态。
Regardless of load, the load current and voltage from a dimmer unit will be an alternating output
completely symmetrical with respect to the zero voltage and current axis. There will be no direct
current introduced in the line.
不管负荷如何，从调光器发出的负荷电流和电压相对于电压和电流相位是一种完全对称的交
流输出。在线路中不引入直流电。
Since the output of silicon controlled rectifiers, if unfiltered, will cause fibrillation of commonly
used incandescent filaments, as well as electrical/electromagnetic interference’s in even properly
installed systems, the dimmer will incorporate suitable filtering to make the use of such rectifiers
compatible with such filaments and systems.
因为可控硅整流器的输出如果未加滤波的话，就将造成通常应用的白炽灯丝的纤维化，以及
甚至在妥当安装的系统中的电气/电磁干扰，所以调光器将同合适的滤波作用结合出而使这
类整流器可以同这些灯丝和系统兼容。
The complete system will be capable of withstanding surges of 6000V, 3000A (equivalent to
lighting strikes), without impaired performance.
完整的系统能够承受 6000V，3000A（相等于闪电打击）的浪涌，而不降低性能。
Control and power circuits will be electrically isolated. Insulation breakdown between these
circuits shall be tested at 1500 volts rms. No phase relationship between line and control is required
nor any common reference voltage. Control negative and dimmer neutral will therefore be
independent.
控制和动力电路在电气上是隔离的。这些电路之间的绝缘击穿应该在 1500 伏特均方根值下
进行试验。在电路和控制之间不需要相位关系也不需要任何共同基准电压。
The output voltage curve shall not deviate from a straight line.
输出电压的特性曲线不应该偏离直线。
Dimmer board will have all necessary dimmers, non dimmable circuits, relays, contactors,
contactors for emergency circuits, load circuit breakers, and the preset panel.
调光器板上带有全部的调光器，非调光电路，继电器，接触器，用于紧急电路的接触器，负
荷断路器，和预先设定仪表板。
Each area will be provided with a master control station for the programming of lighting scenes. It
must be possible to programme the scenes both manually without the need for a programming tool,
or alternatively by a Windows based software package.
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每个区域将配备有一个主控制站用来对照明场景进行编程。它必须能够无需编程工具进行手
动的场景编程或者交替地通过视窗软件（Windows）为基础的软件包来进行编程。
The operating software will additionally provide the capability to define time clock schedules.
操作软件可以附加地提供确定时间时钟进度表的能力。
Each area will have a separate wall station for the selection of the pre-programmed scene. Each
station will allow the selection of 8 scenes plus OFF with master raise/lower of the selected scene.
每一个区域将配备有一个单独的壁式控制站来选择经过预先编程的场景。每一个站都可以允
许选择 8 种场景再加上关闭（OFF）所选择场景的主升/降。
The system will incorporate a normal/emergency override switch and ‘sense line’ to monitor the
normal feed and automatically switch to emergency mode on power failure.
系统将结合有一个正常/紧急过度开关和“检测线”用来监控正常的馈电以及在电源发生故
障时自动切换到紧急模式。
All dimmers will be automatically updated with stored information upon dimmer replacement.
Power failure memory will exceed 10 years.
在调光器更换时所有的调光器将带有所储存的信息自动升级。电力故障的储存将超过 10 年

Wall Box Dimmers: 壁盒式调光器
Dimmer switches shall be linear slide type with positive off position. Dimmers shall be capable of
operating at rated capacity without effecting design lifetime. Dimmers shall be voltage regulated so
that a  10% variation in line voltage shall cause no more than a  5% variation in load voltage
when dimmer is operating at 5% light output. Dimmers shall be properly filtered so as not to
interfere with radio or audio visual equipment.
调光器开关应该是带有正向关闭位置的线性滑动型。 调光器应该能够在额定容量下运行而
不影响设计寿命。调光器应该交给电压调节从而线电压中 10%的变化在负荷电压上造成不
大于5% 的变化，这时候调光器是在 5%的灯光输出下运行的。调光器应该经过合适的滤波
因而同无线电或视听设备不相干扰。

Fluorescent Dimmers: 荧光调光器
Fluorescent luminaires fitted with high frequency dimmable control gear will be controlled by
dimmers producing a 0-10Vdc output connected to the control terminals of the luminaire control
gear.
配备有高频调光控制装置的荧光灯具将受到产生 0-10V 直流输出的调光器控制，该输出连接
到灯具控制装置的终端。
3.6.3.3. Lighting Control Systems 照明控制系统
In areas where occupancy is limited or erratic, consideration will be given to the provision of
programmable lighting control system. The system will consist of a multi-channel programmable
controller or Building Management System (BMS) interface unit, (where spare capacity is available on
the BMS), ceiling void mounted plug-in marshalling boxes, floor switching units, presence/absence
sensors, and momentary contact switches.
在居住率有限制或不稳定的区域，应该考虑做好可编程照明控制系统的准备。这个系统由多通
道可编程控制器或楼宇管理系统（BMS）接口器件，（如果备用的容量在 BMS 上可供应用），天
花板空处安装的插入式信号编集盒，楼层开关装置，移动探测器，和瞬时接触开关组成。
In areas where night-time occupancy is low or non-existent on a regular basis, the system will turn off or
reduce lighting at a preset time in the evening, and turn the system back on at preset time in the morning.
在夜间居住率低的区域和正规基础上没有人的区域，该系统将在晚间按预先设定的时间关闭或
减少照明，并在早晨按预先设定的时间将系统转回。
In areas where occupancy is erratic and energy saving can be achieved by turning off or reducing
lighting, the system will operate as follows:
在居住率不稳定以及能量节约可以通过关闭或减少照明来达到的区域，系统将按以下运行：
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Lights turn on by operation of manual momentary contact switch or presence detector. The lighting
being divided across two or more timed control channels.
通过手动瞬时接触开关或存在检测器的操作将灯光转亮。照明可以跨越两个或多个定时控制通
道进行区分。
At pre-set times, the lighting control system will generate an OFF signal to extinguish one channel of
lighting. If the area is occupied, operation of the manual switch or operation of the presence detector,
will restore lighting.
在预先设定的时间，照明控制系统将发出一个关闭（OFF）信号来熄灭一个通道的照明。如果该
区域有人居住，手动开关的操作或存在检测器的操作将使照明恢复。
Second channel generates OFF signal after a delay, to avoid both channels being turned off together.
Again operation of manual switch or presence detector restores lighting if required.
为了避免两个通道都被一起关闭，在一段时间滞后之后第二个通道发出 OFF 信号。如果有需
要，再次通过手动开关或存在检测器的操作使照明恢复。
Tennis and squash court lighting will either be locally manually, controlled or time switched. Tennis
courts will be provided with photocell switch override facility.
网球场和壁球场的照明或者是通过局部手动控制的或者是定时开关的。网球场将配备光电开关
设施。
3.6.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节能
3.6.4.1. Luminaires 灯具
 Avoid the use of incandescent luminaires where possible, using compact fluorescent as an
alternative.
若有可能，避免使用白炽灯具，使用紧凑的荧光灯作为替代。
 Use high frequency control gear in all fluorescent luminaires.
在所有的荧光灯具中使用高频控制装置。
 Include power factor correction capacitors on all discharge type luminaires.
将功率因素校正电容器包括在所有放电型灯具内。
 Use dimmable control gear on fluorescent luminaires where practicable.
如果行得通，在荧光灯具上使用调光控制装置。
 Select lamp types for long life and low energy consumption.
选择寿命长的和能量消耗低的电灯。
 Dispose of discarded lamps in an approved manner to avoid heavy metal contamination of the
environment.
以经过批准的方式处置废弃的灯具从而可以避免重金属对环境的污染。
 Consider the application of ‘lamp life conservancy’. Every 4% reduction in output doubles the
expected life of the lamp.
考虑使用“灯的寿命保护”。输出上每减少 4%就能使灯的期望寿命加倍。
 Consider the use of task lighting with lower background illuminance levels.
考虑使用带有较低背景亮度水平的作业照明。
 Encourage staff to switch off luminaires by locating switches in convenient locations.
通过将开关定位在方便的地点来鼓励员工关闭灯具。
3.6.4.2. Dimming Systems 调光系统
 Utilise dimming systems wherever possible to reduce energy consumption. Preset lightlevels in
accordance with actual occupancy.
一旦有可能就利用调光系统来减少能量消耗。按照实际的居住率来预先设定照明水平。
 Select dimmers whose output is fixed for increasing input voltages to cater for voltages above
nominal.
对于增加输入电压来满足高于常规的电压需要，选择那些输出是固定的调光器。
 Use automatic daylight compensation nearby windows
使用近处窗口的自动日光补偿。
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
Combine with motion sensors to reduce lighting levels
结合移动探测器来降低照明水平。
3.6.4.3. Lighting Control Systems 照明控制系统
 Use lighting control system to turn off luminaires as much as possible. In occupied areas, an
assessment should be made how much ‘nuisance factor’ is acceptable by these operations.
使用照明控制系统来尽可能多地关闭灯具。在有人居住区域中，应该进行对这些操作可以
接受多少“妨害因素”的评定。
 Consider application of overnight lighting reduction in guest corridors. This would ideally involve
the turning off of 50% of lighting fed from non-essential supplies during the hours of low use.
考虑在客人走廊中减少通宵照明的应用。这一点理想地包含在使用率低的钟点里把非根本
性电源光灯的照明关掉 50%。
 Consider the application of photo-cells to switch off or dim luminaires where daylight is available.
在日光可供应用的情况下考虑使用光电来关闭灯具或对其调光。
 Consider the application of motion/presence detectors to turn off luminaires when rooms are
unoccupied.
在房间未住人时考虑使用移动检测器来关闭灯具。
3.6.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试
The dimming and lighting control systems will be tested and commissioned by the manufacturer or his
agent.
调光和照明控制系统将由制造商或其代理人进行测试和试运转。
In addition to operational testing of the luminaires and control systems, the standard installation testing
required by local wiring regulations will be carried out. This testing will include, but not be limited to:
除了灯具和控制系统的运行性测试之外，还要进行地方性接线规章所要求的标准安装测试。这
种测试将包括，但不限于：
 Insulation tests 绝缘试验
 Continuity tests 连续性试验
 Earth loop impedance tests 接地回路阻抗试验
 Polarity tests 极性试验
The results will be recorded and submitted as a section within the installation test certificates.
结果将被记录并作为安装试验证明内的一部分提交。
3.6.6.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 操作和维护
Luminaires should be subject to a programme of planned maintenance, with cleaning and relamping
carried out at regular intervals. Failed lamps and luminaires should be replaced or repaired immediately
upon notification to hotel staff.
灯具应该受限于一个有计划的维修程序，并且按正规的时间间隔进行清洗和重新照亮。失效的
灯和灯具应该按照对酒店员工的通知立即更换和修复。
It should be considered that large numbers of failed lamps is an indication or poor maintenance and,
hence, poor service within a building.
应该考虑到灯大量损坏就表明维护很差，因此说明楼宇内的服务很差。
Dimming systems will be maintained in accordance with the manufactures specification.
调光系统将按照制造商的说明书进行维护。
It should be considered that lighting control systems are not a ‘fit-and-forget’ solution to energy saving
but need regular re-assessment of their operation with respect to changes in room use, working, patterns,
etc.
应该考虑到照明控制系统对于能源节约来说并不是一个“合适-和-忘记”的解答而是需要相对
于在房间的使用，工作，形式中的变化对其运行进行定期的重新评定。
3.6.7.
SPARE PARTS 备件
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The following spare parts should be retained in stock: 在库存中应该保持下列备件
 10% of each lamp type/rating
每种类型灯/额定的 10%
 4 Nº sets of each type of luminaire ballast/control gear.
4 套每种类型灯具的镇流器/控制装置
 4 Nº sets of control fuses for each type/rating of control fuse used in dimmer and lighting control
systems.
4 套使用在调光器和照明控制系统中的每种类型/额定的控制熔丝
 10 Nº of each fuse type/rating used in luminaires fused terminal blocks.
10 个使用在灯具熔丝终端块中的每种类型/额定的熔丝
 1 Nº of each size/rating of dimmer installed.
1 个所安装的每种大小/额定的调光器
 If plug-in type decoders are used in lighting control systems, 30 Nº of each channel decoder plug.
如果在照明控制系统中使用的是插入式解码器，30 个每个通道解码器插头
 5 Nº of each emergency luminaire inverter type/rating
5 个每种类型/额定的紧急灯具倒相器
 5 Nº sets of each type of emergency luminaire battery.
5 套每种类型的紧急灯具电池
 2 Nº of each type of time switch used.
2 个所使用的每种类型时间开关
 2 Nº photo cell switches.
2 个光电池开关
 2 Nº dimmer cards.
2 个调光器卡
The above spares list will need to be increased where items are on extended deliveries.
当各个项目扩大交付时上面的备件清单需要增加。
3.6.8.
RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURERS 推荐的制造商
Luminaires 灯具
 Commercial Type 商用类型
1. Philips
2. GEC
3. Thorn
4. Clipsal

Decorative Type 装饰类型
1. As locally available or required for special effects.
当地可供应的或特殊效果需要的。

Emergency Luminaires/Self Illuminated Signs/ Exit Signs 紧急灯具/自身照亮标志/安全出口标志
1. Johnson
Dimmers 调光器
1. Lutron
2. Strand
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3.7.
POWER SYSTEMS 电力系统
3.7.1.
GENERAL 概要
This section covers the provision of small power outlets, dedicated power supplies to specialist plant
and power supplies to mechanical plant.
本章节包含了小型电力设备，专门设备的专用供电设备以及机械设备的供电设备。
The section should be read in conjunction with section number 3.3 - LV Distribution System.
本章节应当与第 3.3 章节一起阅读 – 低电压分配系统。
The section does not cover power supplies to guest rooms, swimming pools or food preparation areas
which are covered in detail in section 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 respectively. The section also does not cover
retail concession areas, which will be subject to specialist fit-out.
本章节不包括客房，游泳池，或者食品准备区域的供电，这些区域的详细资料将在第 3.8，3.9
以及 3.10 章节中分别提到。本章节也不包括小卖部区域，该区域属于专门配备。
3.7.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
Small power supplies to office and administration areas should be designed to provide for a load of
25w/m². Other areas should be designed to provide for the loads of specialist equipment (subject to a
design load factor), plus a small power load allowance as indicated by the following Table 3.7.2.A.
供应办公室以及行政区域的小型电力设备的配置应当在 25 瓦/平方米。其他区域应设计负担专
业设备（遵从设计负荷系数）的负荷，还须负担下表 3.7.2.A 内所示小型电力负荷。
Table 3.7.2.A
Schedule of general small power loads for hotel areas.
酒店区域通用小型电力负荷计划表
Area 区域
Circulation Areas 流通区域
Plant and Services Areas 设备和服务区域
Laundry and Valet 洗衣房和服务间
Restaurants/F&B Outlets (exc kitchens)
餐厅/餐饮部（不包括厨房）
Sports Club 健身房
W/m²瓦/平方米
5
15
25
10
10
Details of the loads of mechanical plant, kitchen equipment, etc, should be obtained from the design
engineers for those packages, together with sufficient information on their patterns of use to enable an
accurate assessment of their load factor.
机械设备，厨房设备等负荷的详细资料，应当从设计工程师处获得，同时取得足够的使用图形
的信息，以确保准确评估他们的负荷因素。
Small power to be provided in external areas /housekeeping for cleaning and maintenance purposes.
公共/后勤区域需提供电源供清洁和维护用。
Small power and 3 phase supplies provided for exterior function areas.
室外功能区域需提供 3 相供电电源。
In addition to the above an allowance should be made for 25% load growth to each of the above areas.
除了上述之外，在每个上述区域应当允许 25%的额外负荷增长。
Local power distribution panels should include for a minimum of 25% spare ways to provide for future
additional equipment.
本地的配电盘应当允许至少 25%的备用以供将来增加的设备之用。
3.7.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明及应用指导
Socket outlets should be wired in accordance with the normal practice of the host country (ie, ring, or
radial sub-circuit, with or without residual current devices (RCD) protection).
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电源插座的配线应当遵从当地国家的条例（例如：环形，或放射型支点路，带或不带漏电保护
器 RCD）
Items of fixed equipment should be wired on radial sub-circuits.
固定设备应当用放射型电线连接。
Installation should generally be carried out using single core LSF cables run in a steel conduit and
trunking wiring system run flush and concealed within the building fabric. All cables connections for
the fire alarm and detection system must have a minimum 60-minute fire resistance. Other methods are
also acceptable but shall be approved by IHG.
原则上使用铜管包单芯的电缆以及中继电缆系统，安装并隐蔽在建筑物中。用于火灾报警和探
测系统的所有电缆连接必须耐火最少 60 分钟。其他方式须经过洲际酒店集团的认可。
Installation within service and plant areas may be run exposed directly on the surface or on cable trays.
服务和设备区域的安装可曝露在外表，或在线槽上。
Supplies to larger items of fixed plant may be run in surface run exposed XLPE/SWA/LSF cable or
multi-core double insulated cable (dependant upon local practice) cleated or clipped neatly to the
adjacent building surface, or on cable tray.
给大型固定设备供电的，安置在表面的，曝露的 XLPE/SWA/LSF 电缆或多芯双重绝缘电缆（依照
当地的条例）整洁地固定或夹住在靠近楼宇表面，或线槽上。
Surface run MICC with LSF sheath cables may be used for smaller supplies where conduit routes are
difficult.
在管道路线苦难的 情况下，在外表，小型的供电设备可以使用带 LSF 外套的 MICC 电缆
Under no circumstances are XLPE/SWA/LSF, double insulated, or MICC cables to be run buried within
plaster finishes or cast in concrete.
任何情况下都决不允许将 XLPE/SWA/LSF，双重绝缘，或 MICC 电缆埋在石灰里或扔在水泥里面。
3.7.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和节能
 Ensure that all mechanical plant sensors operate accurately in accordance with the system design
parameters.
确保所有机械设备的传感器依照系统设计参数运行准确。
 Avoid the use of PVC insulation due to production of toxic fumes when burned.
避免使用聚氯乙烯绝缘材料
 Cable installed externally should be protected from the sun.
安装在外部的电缆应当采用防晒保护。
3.7.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和测试
In addition to operational testing of the power systems and equipment, the standard installation testing
required by local wiring regulating should be carried out. This testing should include, but not be limited
to:
除了电力系统和设备的运作测试之外，根据当地配线规定必须进行安装测试。这类测试应当包
括，但不仅限于：
 Installation tests
安装测试
 Polarity tests
极性测试
 Earth loop impedance tests
对地环线阻抗测试
 Continuity tests
连续性测试
 Earth leakage device/residual current device operation tests
漏电保护装置运行测试
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All overloads and sensing devices shall be tested for accuracy of operation against their operating
parameters.
所有的超负荷以及传感器都必须针对运行参数进行操作精确度测试。
3.7.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维护
 Operate each switched and circuit breaker at least once every six months.
至少每 6 个月对每一个开关以及断路器进行维护一次
 Tests the operation of earth leakage trips weekly.
每周进行一次漏电保护断路器的运行测试。
 Replace damaged wiring accessories immediately on notification of damage.
一旦得到损坏的通知，立即更换损坏了的配线配件。
 Check and inspect all flexible cable for damage and wear at least once every three months.
至少每三个月检查一次活动电缆的磨损和损坏情况。
 Lubricate and service larger items of equipment in accordance with manufactures recommendations.
遵从制造商的建议对大型设备进行润滑和维保服务。
 All portable appliances should be tested at least at yearly intervals.
所有的手提式工具必须至少每年检测一次。
3.7.7.
RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURERS 推荐生产厂商
Wiring Accessories 配线配件
1. MK Ltd
2. GE
3. Legrand
4. Clipsal – Ulti
5. Gira
6. Schneider
Industrial Type Isolating Switches, Circuit Breakers, etc 工业用绝缘开关，断路器等
1. MEM
2. Siemens
3. ABB
4. GE
5. Schneider
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3.8.
GUEST ROOM REQUIREMENTS 客房要求
3.8.1.
GENERAL 概要
This section covers the provision of lighting, general purpose small power outlets, and wireways for
data/voice telecommunication outlets and TV aerial outlets to guest rooms.
本章节包括了客房的照明，多功能电源插座，数据/语音通讯设施，以及电视天线插座的规定。
The section is to be read in conjunction with the following articles:
本章节应当与一下章节一起阅读：
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.13
3.8.2.
Standby power Systems 备用电力系统
Earthing and Bonding 接地与连接
Lighting Systems 照明系统
Power Systems 电力系统
Communication and Data System 通讯和数据系统
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The following will be provided to each guest room:
以下适用于每一间客房
3.8.2.1. General 概要
The position and finish of all outlets are to be agreed with the Interior Designer. All earthing is to be in
accordance with local wiring regulations and section 3.5.
所有的插座的位置和表面处理都须经过室内装潢设计师的准许。所有的接地必须遵从当地的规
定以及第 3.5 章节。
Additional outlets should be provided as required by interior designer in executive bedrooms. (Ref.
drawing # 3.08.2 & 3)
根据室内装潢师的要求在行政卧室内增加额外的电源插座。（参见图#3.08.2 & 3）
Guest bedrooms should be provided with illuminated (and labelled: MASTER) master switches at the
entrance and at bedside. The system will operate as follows:
客房的门口以及床头旁须提供照明主控开关（并标明：主控）。系统操作如下：
 The master-switch energises all lighting circuits, except night light, bathroom lights, desk lights,
reading lights and balcony lights if provided.
主控开关可控制所有的照明电路，除了夜灯，浴室灯，台灯，阅读等，以及廊灯，如果有的
话。

The master switch unit does not control the operation of the air-conditioning, safe, TV, bathroom
mirror heater, door bell, Do Not Disturb indicator or minibar.
主控开关设备不能控制空调、保险箱、电视、浴室镜面加热器、门铃的运行。请不要弄乱指
示器或者小酒吧冰箱。

Note: Interface of the room controller with the HVAC Building Management and Front Office PMS
system controls vacant rooms upon check In/ Out. Ref. HVAC section 2.3.
注释：客房的楼宇采暖，通风和空调管理控制器与前台控制着空房的入住和退房的 PMS 系统
连接。参考第 2.3 章节的采暖通风以及空调部分。

The master switch unit does not disconnect any power sockets within the guest room or bathroom.
This includes the minibar, TV, safe or any power sockets located above or below desks and tables.
主控开关设备并不是与客房或浴室的电源插座分离的。这个包括小酒吧冰箱、电视机、保险
箱或其他安装在台上或台下的电源插座。

Guest room occupancy detection algorithm making use of both motion detector and guest room
door contact shall be used to turn off lights (except night light, bathroom light, etc), reduce fan
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speed, set back air-conditioning temperature set point, etc, to reduce energy wastage when the room
is empty.
客房入住的探测方式需以动态探测器和客房门触点作联合测算；此客房入住探测功能可将照
明关掉（除夜灯及卫生间照明等）、风机盘管风速调低、将温控调回设定点等，以减少客房
不使用时的能源浪费。

A key card switch unit can be used to supply/disconnect power from the master switch.
钥匙卡开关设备可以用于来源与主控开关的供电/断电。

Provide heat pack behind mirror similar or equal to “Monarch” Mist Free mirror in all bathrooms.
提供的镜后加热片与其他所有的“Monarch”与浴室防雾镜一样或类似。
3.8.2.2. Lighting 照明
1 Nº luminaire in the guest room lobby to be 2-way switched between door and bedside table and fed
from essential services supply.
客房门厅的 1 Nº 光源在门和床头柜之间是双控开关，并由应急供电馈给。
Main guest bedroom lighting to be combination of ceiling and wall mounted luminaires and table lamps,
to interior designers requirements. Ref. Drawing #3.08.1.
依照室内装潢设计师的要求，客房的主卧室照明需与顶灯，壁灯以及台灯结合。
Table lamps are to be kept either hard wired from flex outlets plates or fed from non-standard pattern
socket outlets to prevent portable appliances from being connected to lighting circuits – switched via
master. Desk lamp to be switched locally.
台灯可由软电线插座板引出的硬金属线连接，或连接到非标准模式的电源插座以防止其他便携
式电器连接到照明电路 – 通过主控开关。台灯由局部的开关控制。
One weatherproof external bulkhead luminaire will be provided on guest balcony, switched from within
balcony door.
客房阳台装有一个防风雨的舱壁灯，从阳台门的内部控制开关。
Bathroom lighting should preferably consist of compact fluorescent downlights, 1P44 rated, and special
vanity mirror lighting, all switched from bedroom side of bathroom door. Shower cubicle light shall be
waterproof type.
浴室照明更适合由节能荧光筒灯组成，1P44 额定，以及特别的盥洗台镜灯，所有的都从卧室的
浴室门边开关控制。淋浴房的灯必须为防水型的。
Light intensity shall be as follows: 照明亮度应当遵从如下
Table (Desk)/ Bedside lamps
300 lux – measured at table height, 30 cm away from centre of lamp
床头柜灯
fixture.
300 勒克斯 – 离灯设备中心 30 厘米处，台子的高度测量
Standing lamps
300 lux – measured one meter above floor level, 30 cm
落地灯
away from centre of lamp.
300 勒克斯 – 离灯设备中心 30 厘米处，离地面 1 米高度测量
Entrance ceiling lamp
Equivalent to 60 W incandescent or 15 W compact fluorescent.
入口顶灯
相当于 60 瓦的白炽光或者 15 瓦的节能荧光灯
Bathroom light
300 lux at face level - centre of wash basin.
浴室照明
正面水平位置 300 勒克斯 – 盥洗池中心
Note: 300 lux must be achieved at 220 Volts.
注释：必须是 220 伏时达到 300 勒克斯
Halogen lamps are forbidden in guestrooms (excluding ceiling lights) due to Fire Life Safety concerns.
出于对消防生命安全考虑，客房内禁止使用卤素灯（不包括天花灯）。
Interior designer shall ensure that lampshades are translucent to achieve good lighting levels away from
lamps.
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室内装潢设计师应确保灯罩是透明的，以达到即使里灯较远的地方也能有较好的照明水平
Desk and night-table lamp switches shall be integrated into the base of the light fixture. Standing lamps
shall have either a foot switch or an easy to find switch at the head of the stem.
台灯以及床头柜灯开关应当与电灯设备的基座集成在一起。落地灯应当具备脚踏开关或者在灯
杆最前面容易找到的开关
3.8.2.3. Power 电力
Provide 5 Nº twin international socket outlets suitably positioned to provide power for personal
computer, fax machine, TV set, hair dryer, minibar recess (one above and one below worktop), vacuum
cleaner and additional lamps. Provide additional single weatherproof socket outlet on balcony.
提供 5 Nº 双国际电源插座安装在恰当的位置，为个人电脑，传真机，电视机，吹风机，迷你小
酒吧壁龛（一个在上面，另一个仔橱柜下），吸尘器，以及额外的照明。在阳台处提供额外的
单孔防风雨插座
Guestroom desk panel is required on the wall nearby desk with the following combinations:
a. International power receptacles
b. USB charger (2 A).
c. Other design requiring approval of IHG.
客房桌面面板设在墙上靠近桌子的地方，并需具有以下功能：
a. 国际通用插座；
b. USB 充电器（2A);
c. 其他洲际认可的设计
All power circuits shall be Earth Leakage Device (RCD) protected.
所有电源线路必须配备漏电保护装置（RCD）。
Provide power for electric lock and swipe card reader – unless standalone locks are installed.
电子锁以及读卡器的供电 － 除非安装了单机锁
Provide one shaver outlet in bathroom – minimum 450mm away from wash basin.
浴室内的剃须刀插座 － 离面盆至少 450 毫米远
3.8.2.4. Communications 通信
Provide 3 Nº CAT 5E data/voice/broadband outlets in bedroom (writing desk and voice at bedside
table), with extension outlet in bathroom (wall mounted adjacent to WC). Writing desk outlet to be twin
to allow for guest PC modems. Provide TV outlet in bedroom. Guestroom TV linked to washroom
speaker is optional (It is required by Chinese 5 star hotel rating); Where installed, voice asynchronous
situation between TV and washroom speaker shall be avoided. For future digital requirements provide
CAT 5E cable to rear of TV.
在客房的卧室里（写字台和床头柜的语音机）提供 3 Nº CAT 5E 的数据/语音/宽带插头，并插
头延伸至浴室（邻近马桶的壁挂式）。写字台上的数据插头须是双孔的，以供客人电脑调制解
调器使用。在卧室里提供电视机插头。客房电视连接卫生间的伴音是可选项（按中国五星级酒
店标准要求设置），如果安装，需要避免卫生间的伴音和客房电视之间声音不同步。在电视机
背后提供 CAT 5E 电缆，以供将来额外的电子设备需要。
3.8.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明以及应用指导
Each guest bedroom should be fed, (except for the essential services lobby luminaire), from the central
floor distribution panel or riser.
每一个客房都应当从中央楼层配电盘或配电竖管反馈（除了基础服务大厅照明以外）。
The circuits should be paired with an adjacent room circuit and arranged so that 2 circuits serve both
rooms. The circuits should alternate between the bedroom area and bathroom. Upon power failure of
one circuit, the total room will not be blacked out. Maintain phase balancing of the circuits.
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相邻的 2 个房间的电路必须安排在一组，这样可以使 2 条电路服务 2 个房间。卧室和浴室的电
路是可以交替改变的。一旦其中一个电路问题发生电力故障，整个将也不至于会漆黑一片。维
持电路中的相平衡。
Guestroom branch circuiting shall be horizontal, with circuiting routed back to the floor distribution
panel. Vertical circuit distribution is unacceptable.
客房的分电路须是水平的，电路路线须回到楼层的配电盘。垂直电路时不允许的。
The entrance lobby light should be fed with those in other guestrooms, from an essential services
distribution board located in the local electrical riser cupboard.
入口大厅的照明的供电应当与其他客房的供电一样，从位于本地强电井的应急电源配电盘供
应。
The distribution panel should provide the following outgoing circuits: 配电盘应当提供以下输出电路
Earth leakage device/ Current fault protector
漏电保护器/电流故障保护器
Guest bedroom lighting: 2 circuits (10A)
客房卧室照明：2 路电路（10 安培）
Guest bedroom power circuits (16A RCD)
客房卧室电源电路（16 安培）
Fancoil & controls (10A)
风机盘管以及控制（10 安培）
Non-switched consumers such as TV, minibar, socket above desk.
无开关用电设备，例如：电视机、小冰箱酒吧、台上型插座
The consumer units should be fed by fuses from the main panel with a selectivity at least two steps
higher as permitted by local code, such that tripping of an individual bedroom circuit will not cause the
loss of supply to other bedrooms.
用电设备的供电应当使用来自于主配电盘的保险丝；该主配电盘经当地条例允许有至少高 2 阶
的选择性。
Circuit breaker ratings relate to IEC standard sizes. Other standards systems should use nearest
comparable breaker size.
断路开关的额定根据国际电工委员会的标准尺寸。其他的标准系统应当使用最接近的断路器尺
寸。
All accessory boxes should be sited to that there is no cross- talk between rooms caused by back to back
boxes.
其他的附属配电箱应当安置在那些没有因紧挨的配电箱而受到串话干扰的房间之间。
3.8.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
Utilise low wattage energy efficient lighting. GLS type lamps shall not be used. Interface all consumers
switched by master with Front Desk Rooms Management system to control check in/out.
使用低瓦数节能照明。不得使用白炽灯。将所有的由主控开关控制的用电设备与前台的客房入
住/退房管理系统连接。
Central BMS shall monitor/ override fancoil and be interfaced with the above.
中央楼宇智能管理系统应当监控/控制风机盘管，并且与上述接口。
3.8.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试
In addition to operational testing of the systems and equipment, the standard installation testing required
by local wiring regulating should be carried out. This testing should include, but not be limited to:
出了系统和设备的运行测试以外，依照当地条例规定应当实施标准安装测试。这些测试应包
括，但不仅限于如下内容：
(i) Installation tests
安装测试
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(ii) Polarity tests
极性测试
(iii)Earth loop impedance tests
环线对地阻抗
(iv) Continuity tests
连续性测试
(v) Earth leakage device/residual current device operation tests
漏电装置运作测试
All overloads and sensing devices shall be tested for accuracy of operation against their operating
parameters.
所有的超负荷以及传感器都必须针对运行参数进行操作精确度测试。
3.8.6.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 日常维保
 Operate each switch and circuit breaker at least once every six months.
至少每 6 个月对每一个开关以及断路器进行维护一次。
 Tests the operation of earth leakage trips weekly.
每周进行一次漏电保护断路器的运行测试。
 Replace damaged wiring accessories immediately on notification of damage.
一旦得到损坏的通知，立即更换损坏了的配线配件。
 Check and inspect all flexible cable for damage and wear at least once every three months.
至少每三个月检查一次活动电缆的磨损和损坏情况。
 Lubricate and service larger items of equipment in accordance with manufactures recommendations.
遵从制造商的建议对大型设备进行润滑和维保服务。
 All portable appliances should be tested at least at yearly intervals.
所有的手提式工具必须至少每年检测一次。
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3.9.
SWIMMING POOL INSTALLATIONS 游泳池安装
3.9.1.
GENERAL 概要
This section covers the special requirements for lighting, general purpose small power outlets and
power supplies to mechanical plant installation within the hotel swimming pool area, and attached
changing rooms.
本章节包括了照明的特殊要求，多用途小电源插座，以及酒店游泳池区域内的机械设备电力供
应，和配备的更衣室。
3.9.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The electrical installation within the swimming pool area should be designed in accordance with the
local wiring regulations and all applicable local codes of practice and statutory instruments. Where the
standard of the local regulations is exceeded by British, Australian or US regulations, the latter
documents should be used as a minimum standard.
游泳池区域内的所有的电气安装必须遵循当地的配线规定，所有可适用的条例，以及法规规
定。如果英国，澳大利亚，或美国的规定超过了当地的法规，那么应当以最新版本的条例作为
最低标准要求。
Swimming pool and changing area lighting must be corrosion and chlorine resistant and suitable for use
in conditions of high temperature and high humidity.
游泳池以及更衣室区域的照明必须是防腐蚀，防氯的，并且适用于高温高湿度的环境。
Luminaires must be of a type, or located, to avoid excessive reflection from the pool surface to enable
rapid detection of a swimmer in difficulty. The location of luminaires must also be selected to enable
ease of maintenance.
光源必须是防水面反射的，或安装在不容易引起过分水面反射的地方，以确保能够快速发现困
境中的游泳者。光源的位置必须选在易于维保的地方。
Underwater luminaires should be of the 12V wet niche type with individual earthed screen type
isolating transformers located as close as possible to the luminaire. Conduit connections should be
arranged to avoid syphoning or creating a drainage route from the pool. Alternatively fibre optical
lighting can be used with light source remote from pool.
水下光源须是 12 伏的，带防水罩的，带独立的接地屏蔽，并且带有尽可能接近光源的独立变压
器。管线连接应当避开吸水管，或避免影响泳池的排水路线。也可选择带遥控光源的光纤照
明。
The swimming pool lighting installation will be designed in accordance with Australian Standard or
equivalent US standard.
游泳池照明安装设计应当尊从澳大利亚的标准或与之相当的美国标准。
3.9.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 技术说明和应用指导
The distribution panel board serving the swimming pool must be provided with an earth busbar
electrically isolated from the neutral at the panelboard.
给游泳池供电的配电盘必须提供带有接地母带，并与配电盘的中性点绝缘。
All metal pipes, conduits, rails, ladders and extraneous metal work serving the pool area must be solidly
earthed to the panel board earth bar in accordance with local wiring regulations.
依照当地配线规定，所有的金属管，管道，扶手，阶梯，以及游泳池区域内的外部金属工程都
必须牢固地与配电盘的接地棒接地连接。
Electrical switch gear must be located in a locked room without direct access to the pool area.
电子开关装置必须安装在无直接通往泳池区域的更衣室内。
No electrical outlet is to be installed within 3m of the pool edge on the horizontal plane, or 2.5m on the
vertical plane.
在离泳池边水平面 3 米的距离，垂直 2.5 米的距离不得安装电源插座。
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All socket outlets installed within the pool and changing room areas are to be protected with earth
leakage circuit breakers of the residual current device type with a maximum trip rating of 10mA and a
minimum tripping time of 30 m secs, all enclosed in an IP56 (minimum) enclosure.
所有安装在游泳池以及更衣室区域内的插座都必须配有电串流漏电断路器式的漏电断路器，最
大跳断额定值为 10 毫安，最小跳断时间是 30 秒，都带有 IP56 保护罩。
All motors, controllers, etc, serving pool plant are to be provided with earth fault protection.
所有的马达，控制器，服务区设备都备有防故障性接地保护。
All wiring within the pool area should be carried out using single core LSF cable run in flush galvanised
conduit. Under no circumstances will surface conduits be permitted.
游泳池内的所有配线都须采用套有电镀管的单芯的 LSF 电缆。在任何情况下都决不允许适用普
通管线。
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3.10.
FOOD PREPARATION AREA INSTALLATION 食品准备区域的安装
3.10.1. GENERAL 概要
This section covers the provision of lighting, general purpose small power outlets, dedicated power
supplies to specialist plant and power supplies to mechanical plant located within food preparation
areas.
本节涵盖了关于照明、通用电源插座、用于专门设备的电源和给位于食品准备区域内的机械设
备提供电源的规定。
The section does not cover retail concession areas which will be subject to specialist fit-out.
本节未包括隶属于特别设备的零售专属区域。
This section is to be read in conjunction with: 本节应予以下章节关联阅读
Section 3.1 Incoming Supplies and Metering
章节 3.1 进线及计量
Section 3.3 LV Distribution
章节 3.3 电压配置
Section 3.6 Lighting
章节 3.6 照明
Section 7 Fire Life Safety Systems
章节 7 火灾生命安全系统
3.10.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
Small power supplies to food preparation areas should be designed to provide for the loads of specialist
equipment (subject to a design load factor), plus a small power load allowance of 25w/m².
食品准备区域的小型电力供给应（根据设计负荷系数）设计提供给专用设备的负载，并加上每
平方米 25 瓦的系数。
In addition to the above an allowance should be made for 25% load growth to each of the above areas.
除了以上的规定之外，每个区域还应加上 25%的负载增长系数。
Local power distribution panels should include for a minimum of 25% spare ways to provide for future
additional equipment.
本地电力分配控制板应至少包含 25%的空余量以备将来增加的设备用。
In addition to compliance with local wiring regulations, the installation must comply with any locally
applicable food hygiene regulations. Where local food hygiene regulations are non-existent or do not
encompass specific requirements for the electrical installation, British, Australian or US standards will
be used as a minimum.
除了遵守当地的布线规范之外，安装还须遵守任何当地所使用的卫生规定。如果不存在此类的
卫生规定或者其规定的内容内为包含有关电气设备安装的条款，那至少应遵从英国、澳大利亚
或美国的标准。
It should be considered that the areas are likely to be subjected to regular steam cleaning. To allow for
this, wiring accessories, luminaires, etc, should be protected to IP56 standard.
应考虑到这些区域通常会采用蒸汽清洁法。考虑到这一点，布线的附件、泛光灯等需根据 IP56
的标准进行保护。
3.10.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
Wiring within the food preparation areas will be carried out in single core LSF cables run either in
galvanised conduits run flush within the building finishes, or in stainless steel conduit run 25mm clear
of the finished surface. In the latter case, all accessory boxes, trunking, etc, must also be stainless steel
or an inert substance such as glass reinforced plastic (GRP).
食品准备区域内的布线将通过在完成的楼宇内的镀锌铁管内布放 LSF 电缆或者在已完成的表面
上 25 毫米处的不锈钢铁管内布放来实现。在后一种情况下，所有的附件盒、中继信号线等必须
使用不锈钢材料或诸如玻璃强化塑料（GRP）的惰性物质。
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All socket outlets will be of a suitable industrial type pattern and include either screw-lock or twist-lock
plug-top fixing. Socket outlets will be protected by RCDs of 30mA trip setting with a maximum trip
time of 30msecs.
所有插座都应该有合适的材料型号式样并且用螺丝紧固或旋转紧固插销固定。插座须由 30 毫
安、最大保护时间为 30 毫秒的事故保护定值器 RCD 来保护。
Outlets feeding fridge’s and freezers must not be fed via RCDs. To prevent other items of equipment
being connected to such outlets, a non-standard pin-configuration should be used.
给冰箱和冷库供电的插座不能通过 RCD。为了避免其它类型的设备连接至此类插座，应使用一个
非标准的插座配置表。
Circuits feeding cold rooms, fridge’s, freezers, etc, should be regarded as critical loads and fed from the
standby generator supply.
为冷藏室、冰箱、冷库等供电的线路应该视作为重要的负载，并通过备用发电机供电。
Final connections to items of fixed equipment will be via IP56 isolators with flexible LSF sheathed steel
conduit to the equipment. Circuit breakers feeding such equipment will be fitted with earth fault
release.
固定设备的最终连接将通过带可变换的 LSF 覆盖的铁管的 IP56 绝缘体连接至该设备。此类设备
的线路断路器应避免接地故障。
Island type cooking appliances, and plant items such as dough mixers where there is a risk of operatives
becoming trapped in moving parts, should be fed from contractor controlled circuits with local knockoff emergency stop buttons.
烹饪用具和诸如揉面机一类的设备由于存在会卷进东西的危险，应通过带有本地紧急自动停机
按钮的控制线路供电。
Hot water heaters are to be burst-fired thyristor controlled.
热水器应通过半导体开关元件来控制。
Fire alarm detectors and sounders in food preparation areas will be suitable for use in areas subject to
steam cleaning.
食品准备区域内的火灾报警探测仪和蜂鸣器应能适应该区域内的蒸汽清洁的要求。
Where gas supplies are provided, they must be connected via gas solenoid valves with positive push reset buttons, arranged to trip closed on operation of the fire alarm system.
有煤气的地方应连接有主动式重置按钮的煤气螺线阀门，以便由火灾报警系统在适时关闭。
Luminaires installed in cold rooms will be protected to IP56 standard and fitted with low temperature
control gear suitable for use in the temperature range to be found in the particular room.
安装在冷藏室内的灯光应根据 IP56 的标准进行保护措施，并安装有在特殊房间内一定温度范围
内适用的低温控制装置。
All steel workbenches (whether mobile or fixed), metallic items of fixed equipment, etc, must be solidly
bonded back to the local panelboard earth bar. Mobile work benches should be bonded by means of
pigtail flex terminating in a suitable alligator clip for connection to the bench.
所有钢制工作台（无论活动的或固定的）、固定装置的金属件等必须牢固地连接至本地面板上
的接地条。活动式的工作台应通过终端带有弹簧夹的活动式引线连接。
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3.11.
AIRCRAFT OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS 航空障碍灯
3.11.1. GENERAL 一般规定
Aircraft Obstruction lighting shall be required in accordance with local requirements. Helipads shall be
designed and lighted in accordance with local codes.
航空障碍灯应符合当地的要求。直升飞机停机坪也应根据当地的规范设计和安装提示灯。
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3.12.
SECURITY SYSTEMS (Reference to IHG Security Master Plan document)
安全系统（参照洲际安全总体规划要求）
3.12.1. GENERAL 一般规定
This section covers the provision of access control, intruder alarms, hold-up alarms, guard tour, guest
room control, and closed circuit surveillance television (CCTV) systems.
本节包含接入控制、入侵警告、拦截警告、守卫巡视、客房控制和闭路电视监视系统等方面的
规定。
Each of the above systems must be supplied installed, tested and commissioned by specialist system
suppliers.
以上各系统须由专业的系统供应商负责提供、安装、测试和试运行。
This section should be read in conjunction with the following sections:
本节应和以下章节关联阅读：
3.6
Lighting 照明
3.8
Guest Room Requirements 客房的要求
3.12.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
Closed circuit televisions surveillance systems should be designed to local standards, but using
British/European Community/US standards as a minimum.
闭路电视监视系统营根据当地的标准进行设计，但至少应遵守英国/欧盟/美国的标准。
Guard-tower and guest room control systems should be designed in accordance with section 3.13.3 of
this document.
警戒塔和客房控制系统应根据本节中 3.13.3 的内容进行设计。
The above system should be automatically controlled by a master computer located in the security room.
上述系统应由一台位于安全室内的主电脑自动进行控制。
Where compliance with UK, Chinese, Australian or US standards contravenes local standards or
statutory instruments, the matter will be referred to IHG for their final decision.
如果在遵循英国、中国、澳大利亚或美国的标准时与当地的标准或法规相冲突，应将其提交给
IHG 做最终的决断。
3.12.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
3.12.3.1. System Concept 系统概念
The security should be based on the Cerberus LMS modular system. The system should be complete
with subsystems as described. Interface ports should be available to communicate with other systems as
described. It should consist of a three-layer security concept.
安全应基于 Cerberus LMS 模块系统。系统应完全包含下述的子系统。界面接口也应能如所诉的
与其它系统进行通讯。其应该包括一个三层的安全概念。
Subsystem layer: The subsystem layer should include all the local control units, PC’s,
sensors and actuators as described. The subsystems should have complete autonomy within the security
concept, so that field operations and satisfactory level of security can be guaranteed even in case of
failure in the higher levels above.
子系统层：子系统层应包括所有的本地控制单元、电脑、感应器和制动器。子系统在安全概念
内应有完全的自主权，这样才能保证在高一层的操作失败后保证区域操作和安全的保障。
Communication and integration layer: This layer consists of the communication networks and the
communication controllers called gateways. The gateways fulfill three principal tasks:
通讯和整合层：本层包括通讯网络和被称之为网关的通讯控制器。网关主要有以下三大功能：
 Interpret and translate the various communication protocols from the different subsystems.
解释和说明不同子系统的通讯协议。
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
Concentrate the data flow between the upper and lower layers.
集合来自上层和下层的数据流。

Manage the interactions between subsystems. The event-by-control functions, which are initiated in
one subsystem and actuated in another, are linked in this layer.
管理各子系统之间的交互作用。所谓的事件控制功能，即产生于一个子系统而完成于另一个
子系统的功能，就是由这一层来连接的。
3.12.3.2. Subsystems 子系统
Closed Circuit Television System 闭路电视系统
A CCTV system will be provided for constant surveillance of the following areas:
闭路电视系统将对以下区域提供连续的监控功能：
 Parking levels
停车场
 Loading dock
卸货区
 Lobby
大堂
 Hotel front desk
宾馆前台
 Hotel guest elevator lobby
宾馆客运电梯大厅
 Public areas
公共区域
 Employee entrance
员工入口
 Shopping level corridors (where applicable)
购物楼层走廊（可使用的地方）
 Exit stairs with motion detectors
出口处楼梯带动态感应器
 Cashiers room
财务室
General monitoring locations shall be as follows:
基本监控区域如下：
 The main security office of the hotel will monitor all cameras in the hotel.
宾馆内主安全室将监控宾馆内的所有摄像头。
Intruder Detection System (IDS) 入侵探测系统（IDS）
The IDS system should allow detection of unauthorised persons. This shall include installing of alarm
devices at the following locations:
IDS 系统应能探测未经允许进入的人员。这包括在以下地点安装报警装置：
 card reader controlled doors
读卡控制的门
 exit halls and doors from stairwells
楼梯间的出口走廊和门
 hold-up alarm at front desk
前台的拦截警告
 hold-up alarm at head cashiers desk
主出纳台的拦截警告
 hold-up alarm at restaurants
餐厅内的拦截警告
 hold-up alarm at guest safe deposit room
客户贵重物品保险库内的拦截警告
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Card access system 卡接入系统
The card access system should provide access into the back of the house staff entry. It should also serve
as a time and attendance record keeping system for hotel employees. In general, card readers should be
located as follows:
卡接入系统应能提供进入宾馆后部员工入口的功能。同时，它也能提供记录员工出勤的功能。
总的来说，读卡器应位于以下地点：
 Safe deposit room
贵重物品保险库
 Computer room
计算机房
 General cashier
总出纳处
 Employees entrance (to be used for time and attendance)
员工入口（用于记录出勤情况）
Guard tour system 守卫巡视系统
The automated guard tour system will allow regular rounds by the hotel security guard of the hotel
facility. n general, guard tour stations should be located as follows:
自动守卫巡视系统能让宾馆内的安全人员有规则的进行巡视。总体上守卫巡视点应设置在以下
位置：
 All exit doors
所有的出口
 The two most remote stair cases
相距最远的两个楼梯
 Every other floor level in the stairways
每隔一层的楼梯走道
 Guest floor corridors
客户楼层的过道
3.12.3.3. Equipment 设备
General: the following equipment description is representative only.
一般规定：仅下述对设备的描述是有效的。
a.
Host Computer (Can be part of BMS) 主计算机（可以作为 BMS 的一部分）
General: 一般规定
The host computer should have the capacity to monitor and control the entire security system
environment, including field equipment, computing resources, system administrators and operators.
In addition, it should provide a high level of program intelligence and database management
functions in order to effectively integrate the functions and features of the subsystems.
主计算机应能监控和控制整个安全系统，包括现场设备、 源数据计算、系统管理和操作
等。另外，它还能提供高性能的程序智能和数据库管理功能以便能更有效的整合各子系统的
功能和特点。
The integration of the subsystems should not compromise the integrity or performance of the
individual systems. All of the subsystems described must be stand-alone systems that in no way
depend on the host computer for operation.
对子系统的整合应避免对各独立系统的完整性或性能产生影响。上述的各个子系统必须是独
立运行的系统，无论何种情况下都不会借助主计算机进行操作。
The host computer should provide a convenient way to display, archive, print and manage
information created by the subsystems
主计算机应能方便的进行显示、存档、打印和管理源于各子系统的信心。
Hardware: 硬件
From the operating station, the operator can:
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操作员可在操作站进行下列操作：
 Manage field events and treat them according to established procedures.
管理现场的事件，并按事先制订的程序进行处理。
 Send commands to the subsystems and verify their proper operation.
向各子系统发送指令并且确认其是否进行了正确的操作。
 Configure the system and keep it updated with possible modification.
对系统进行配置并且通过合理的修改保持更新。
The operating station should be an industrial type personal computer with the following
components:
操作站应使用含以下配件的工业型个人电脑：
 Standard keyboard
标准键盘
 128 MB (640k) RAM
128 兆（640K）内存
 17” LCD monitor with 256 colour or more adaptor
256 色或以上适配器的 17 寸液晶显示器
 High density floppy disk drive configured as A: 3.5in 1.44MB).
3.5 寸 1.44 兆的高密度软盘驱动器 A
 Serial interface (COM1)
串行口（COM1）
 Hard disk drive “C” with minimum 60 GB capacity
至少 60G 的硬盘驱动器“C”
 DVDR/CDR/CDRW
 Pentium 5
英特尔奔腾 5 芯片
The operating station should be configured with:
操作站应配备有：
 An event log printer for logging events and operator activities.
用于记录事件和操作人员活动的事件记录打印机
 A graphic printer to print out maps and schematics
用于打印图纸和图表的图形打印机。
 An external, audible device to annunciate changing events
用于告知事件变换的外置的、发声的设备
 A report printer to print reports for the archives.
用于打印存档报告的打印机。
Software: 软件
The system should be developed as a security application software. It will be running in a
“windows” environment.
系统应是一种开发专用于安全应用的软件。它应在“windows”环境下运行。
The package should be built around a base module that provides the basic alarm handling and
subsystem management functions, plus all of the security functions required for this application.
软件包应建立在一个基础模块之上，该模块提共基本的警告处理和子系统管理功能。另外，
此项应用中还应包括所有的安全功能。
The base module will take control of the operating station and impede access to certain Window
function features in order to assure a secure and controlled operating system.
基础模块将对操作站实施控制并且阻止外界对此视窗功能特征的进入以确保该操作系统的安
全和可控性。
The base module will be complete with the software packages for the subsystems as described.
基础模块将包含如上所述的子系统的软件包。
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b.
CCTV System 闭路电视系统
Central equipment: 中央设备
The CCTV system will be part of the overall security system.
闭路电视系统是安全系统整体的一部分。
The cameras will be displayed on 2 Nº quad monitors at the security office.
摄像头的监控图像将显示在安全室内的 2 个四阵列监视器上。
If the system is normal, no intrusion is being sensed, a number of pre-assigned cameras will be
displayed in a quad mode on pre-assigned monitors. In an alarm condition, one or a block of
cameras will immediately seize the pre-assigned monitors and display the cameras in the area from
where the alarm originated.
如果系统正常，未检测到入侵情况，一些预先指定的摄像头的图像将显示在对应的四阵列的
监视器上。在有警报的情况下，一个或一组摄像头将立即锁定预先分配的监视器上，将产生
警告所在区域的图像显示在监视器上。
The pre-assigned cameras being displayed in a normal condition may consist of pre-programmed
sequences of selected cameras being displayed on selected monitors. This will be a programming
function, which may be determined at a later date.
那些预先指定的摄像头在正常情况下可能包含一些选定的摄像头在预先安排好的顺序下将监
视图像显示在选定的监视器上。这个编程的功能可能在日后确定。
If an intrusion is sensed, either by an infrared sensor or by movement within the camera range, the
camera associated with that sensor will automatically scan the area, and it will automatically be
displayed on one of the two monitors.
如果检测到了入侵，无论是通过红外传感器或是在摄像头的监视范围内检测到的，与传感器
相关联的摄像头应自动扫描该区域，并且将图像自动的显示在两个监视器的其中之一上。
Codes and standards: 规范和标准
The proposed CCTV equipment shall be designed in accordance with all applicable standard and
specifications, including at least one of the following:
被推荐使用的闭路电视设备应该按照所有适用的标准和规定来设计，至少应遵循以下标准之
一：
UL
Underwriters Laboratories
UL
保险商指定实验室
The video signal produced by the cameras should be in accordance with the PAL standard.
摄像头的视频信号应遵循 PAL 标准。
Main functions of system: 系统的主要功能
The main functions of the system should include:
系统的主要功能应包含：
 Provide freely assignable matrix for connection of cameras and monitors.
为摄像头和监视器的连接提供可自由分配的矩阵
 Provide for processing of user commands, such as manual selection, alarm processing,
acknowledge, reset, etc.
提供用户指令的处理功能，例如手动选择、警告处理、确认信息、系统重起等。
 Processing of external and internal alarm messages, such as commands from intruder system,
video motion sensors, etc.
处理外部和内部警告信息的能力，这些信息包括入侵系统的指令、视频动态传感器等。
 Visual storing of events, digital storage systems and have CD/R/RW.
事件的视觉储存、数据储存系统以及包含有 CD/R/RW。
 Logging of event, printing, history logging.
事件记录功能，打印历史记录的功能。
 Control of external components, annunciators, computer controlled storage systems.
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控制外部设备、警告器 以及计算机控制的储存系统的功能。
The heart of the system will be a matrix/switcher. This will be a rack-mounted powerful computer,
with keyboard and colour monitors.
系统的核心是矩阵开关。这是一个固定在机架上的功能强大的计算机，并配有键盘和显示
器。
Interfaces are provided to allow data communication with monitors, printers, matrix processor, and
the host computer.
界面将用于监视器、打印机、矩阵处理器和主计算机之间的数据通讯。
Necessary input and output cards should be provided for connection to monitors, potential free relay
inputs, outputs and serial interface cards.
一些必要的输入和输出卡将用于连接监视器、电压继电器输入口、输出口和串行卡的连接。
A computer should be provided to record colour inputs to hard drive, and allow playback of full
screen or split screen of up to 16 images on a single monitor.
一台电脑将彩色的输入信号记录在硬盘上，并且能够在一个显示屏上实现全屏或最多 16 屏
的分屏回放。
A video motion detector should be provided to allow alarm and/or automatic switching of selected
cameras.
一个视频动态探测器能发出警报和/或在选定的摄像头之间自动切换。
Camera and accessories: 摄像头和附件
All cameras within the project shall be of only one type for maintenance purposes.
为了便于维护，项目中的所有摄像头应为同一型号的产品。

Indoor Cameras 室内摄像头
Indoor cameras shall be of the 8.4mm interline transfer with CCD pickup device.
室内摄像头应为带电耦合获取装置的 8.4 毫米的插入转换器。
The camera shall require a minimum scene illumination 0.8lux for a usable picture at a
reflective light at F/1.2.
摄像头获得有效图像的最低照度要求为在光圈为 1.2 时反射光的亮度为 0.8 勒克斯。
The camera should be equipped with an automatic gain control circuit to allow clear pictures at
relatively low light conditions.
摄像头应配备自动增益控制电路使其能在相对低亮度的情况下也能获得清晰的图像。
The working temperature should be between -20°C to +55°C.
工作温度范围为摄氏零下 20 度至零上 55 度。
The camera voltage should be 24VAC.
摄像头电压为 24 伏交流。
The pan-and-tilt unit should be of low profile compact design.
摇动和倾斜单元应设计的不引人注意。
The pan-and-tilt unit should be designed for practical indoor operation where space is limited
and for use with discrete enclosures.
摇动和倾斜单元应设计用作实际的室内操作，例如在有限的空间和相分隔的空间内。
It should be possible to rotate and tilt the pan/tilt unit into various pre-programmed positions.
摇动和倾斜单元应能够旋转和倾斜以便能进入预先安排好的位置。

Outdoor Cameras 室外摄像头
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The outdoor camera shall be as above but mounted in an appropriate weatherproof housing.
室外摄像头应如上所述，但安装在一个适于防风雨的位置上。
The pan-and-tilt unit shall be designed to carry the combined weight of the camera and the
associated additional equipment.
摇动和倾斜单元设计中应考虑到其能承受摄像头和相关附属设备的重量之和。
It should be possible to use the camera in an upright or inverted operation.
摄像头应能进行上下或反转运动。
It should be possible to rotate and tilt the pan-and tilt-unit into various pre-programmed
positions.
摇动和倾斜单元应能够旋转和倾斜以便能进入预先安排好的位置。

High-resolution colour monitors: 高分辨率彩色显示器
The monitors should be of high quality and attractive styling, with front panel operating
controls. They should be rack-mounted as required.
显示器应具备高质量和漂亮的造型，并且带有前置的面板操作控制按钮。它们应根据要
求固定安装。
Reliable solid state circuitry will provide a stable picture.
可靠的固态电路设计将能提供稳定的图像。
c.
Video Disk Recorder 图像磁盘录像机
The VDR should store as a minimum up to 50,000 images in digitised format.
图像磁盘录像机应能至少储存五万张数字格式的图像。
It should be possible to provide up to 12 different inputs that can be displayed on the monitor.
它至少应能将 12 路不同输入信号的显示在显示器上。
Hard disk capacity shall be adequate to store images for minimum 14 days. The storage should be in
compresses format.
硬盘容量应足够存储至少 14 天的图像。采用压缩格式予以存储。
The storing of the pictures can be automatic according to a predetermined format, manual any
camera that is desired or event actuated, if there is an alarm in progress.
在产生警报的情况下，从指定的或事件发生处的摄像头图片应能以预先设定的格式自动储
存。
The images should be stored together with a camera identification code, the date and the time.
Retrieval of the images shall be possible within seconds by using the camera code, date or time.
Forward or backward scanning through the images shall also be possible.
储存的图像应包含有摄像头识别码、日期和时间等信息。使用摄像头码、日期或时间便能在
几秒钟内将图像查找出来。图像之间的前向和后向检索也成为可能。
d.
Access Control System 接入控制系统
The ACS system should provide access into controlled areas of the Hotel by authorised persons.
接入控制系统能使有授权的人员进入酒店内受控制的区域。
System concept: 系统概念
There should be one ACS system running under the host PC with two subsystems: one for the Hotel,
and a time and attendance system for hotel employees.
接入控制系统包括运行于主计算机下的两个子系统：一个是用于宾馆，另一个是用于宾馆员
工的出勤记录。
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The ACS system should use the host computer for the alarm processing and event control functions
of the system. This assures a consistent operation of all subsystems in an emergency.
接入控制系统应使用主计算机系统中的警告处理和事件控制功能。这能确保在紧急情况下的
可靠的处理功能。
There will be an administrative PC and terminal located in the Security Command Centre which
will look after the day to day maintenance of the card access system. There should be an event
logger and a report printer.
位于安全指令中心的监控电脑和终端将对卡接入系统进行日常的维护。那里应配备有事件记
录器和报告打印机。
There should be a time and attendance terminal with the T&A controller which will be interfaced
with the door controller.
出勤记录终端将配备有出勤记录控制器，它将作为门控制器的界面。
The ASC system will be a distributed system with door controllers located throughout the building.
One door controller should be provided for a maximum eight (8) single reader doors of four (4)
double reader doors, or a combination thereof.
接入控制系统是一个分散的系统，其门控制器将遍布整个楼宇。一个门控制器将至多提供 4
个双读卡机的门中的 8 个单读卡机门，或者它们的任意组合。
Identification should be by means of personal card. It should be complete with a hologram to
discourage duplication. These cards will be used for all card readers including the time and
attendance readers located at the employee entrance.
个人的卡将被用作认证的工具。卡是由全息技术制作而成的，避免了非法复制。这些卡应能
适用于所有的读卡器，包括在员工进口处的出勤记录读卡器。
The reading principle should be such that an insertion of the card into a slot shall not be necessary.
Reading should take place only on presentation of the ID card to the reading device. The range of
the reading device should be 80mm.
读卡的规则中不一定含有将卡插入插槽的规定。只需将卡放在读卡设备上就能完成读卡的过
程。读卡设备的感应距离应在 80 毫米之内。
It should be possible to enter a duress code via the key pad to the system.
通过键盘应能对系统输入一个限制码。
It should be possible to mould an ID photo and particulars of a card holder onto the ID card.
身份卡上也可以记录下身份照片和卡的持有者的详细信息。
An issue number will be embossed or printed onto the ID card which will have no direct relation
with the coded information in the ID card.
身份卡上也将刻上或印上一个序列号码，但这个号码与身份卡内记录的信息无管。
Two basic pieces of information will be encoded into each ID card:
每张身份卡应记录有连个基本的信息：


The system code which is unique for each system but the same for each card within the
system.
系统码， 此码对每个系统而言是唯一的，但是对于系统中所有的卡而言是一样的。
The ID code which is in the form of a serial number is unique for each individual card.
身份码，此码是一串数字对于每张卡而言是唯一的。
The system should be able to control and monitor at least the following different door types:
系统应至少能控制和监控下列不同的门：
 Wing doors
侧门
 Mantraps
人孔
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


Motorised or non motorises turnstiles
机动式或非机动式的十字转门
Motorises or non-motorised sliding doors or gates
机动式或非机动式的拉门
Overheaded gates at parking ramp entries
停车坡道入口处上的顶部下移式门
Every access-controlled point should be monitored for forced entry.
必须监控每个进入控制点是否有强行进入的情况。
e.
Intruder Detection and Door Entry system (IDS) 入侵探测和门进入系统（IDS）
The IDS system should include detection of unauthorised persons. This should include detection of
persons entering the premises through controlled doors or emergency exits, persons entering
controlled doors of rooms or areas such as mechanical and Maintenance Rooms as well as
movement within public areas such at unauthorised times. The type of detection devices should
include door contacts and infrared detectors.
IDS 系统应包含对未经允许的人员的探测。这包括对人员通过受控制的门或紧急出口进入楼
宇的探测，人员进入诸如机械和维护室之类的房间或区域的受控制的门以及在非授权时间内
在公共区域内的移动等的探测。
The IDS operator terminals are to be located in the Security Command Centre.
IDS 操作终端应位于安全指令中心内。
The IDS system should be designed for high level of tamper immunity with supervised data
transmission lines, and a high level of supervision on the addressable detectors lines. Systems
should have their own dedicated CPU.
IDS 系统的管理数据传输线路应能具有很高的抵御破坏的能力，同时对已分配地址的探测线
路有很高的监督管理能力。系统应有专用的 CPU。
The system should further have a high level of immunity to ambient influences.
Immunity to electrical and electromagnetic influences, special protection against voltage
surges on supply and signal lines.
系统应当对周围环境具有很高的抗干扰性。能够抗电子以及电磁的影响，对供电
和信号新的过电压有特别保护。
The system must be able to differentiate between burglary, hold-up, theft, tamper or duress alarm.
系统应能区别入室盗窃、阻拦、偷盗、篡改或监禁等警告。
In critical areas of the building, an IDS terminal with key pad shall be located besides a card reader.
An access card for the ACS system and a PIN number for the IDS system is required to gain access.
在楼宇中的重要区域内，带键盘输入的 IDS 终端应紧邻读卡器旁边。进入该区域需 ADS 系统
的进入卡和 IDS 系统的密码才可实现。
f.
Grand Tour Sub-system 巡更子系统
The system will have the capability to administer guards’ rounds through a guard watchtower
facility.
系统具有管理守卫巡更瞭望设备的功能。
The Grand Tour facility should allow for the definition of 100 tours, each with up to 80 tour stops.
The system should be capable of managing up to 25 tours concurrently.
巡更设备应能定义 100 条巡更路线，每条路线至多可定义 80 个停留点。
A tour stop may be defined to use a security key switch, detector, access card reader, or dedicated
Watchtower reader.
停留点可以是使用安全钥匙的开关、感应器、进入卡读卡器或专用的瞭望读卡器。
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Tours should be programmable for up to 9 hours duration, with interval between individual stops up
to 1 hour.
设计的巡更的时间最长可至 9 个小时，每个单独停留点之间的时间最长可至 1 个小时。
The system will monitor the progress of each tour and initiate an alarm on the following conditions
for any guard who:
系统将监控每个巡更过程并且当任一守卫出现下列情况时会发出警告：
 Arrives too early at a tour stop
过早到达停留点
 Fails to make an individual stop by the appointed time
在制定时间未到达一个停留点
 Makes a stop out of sequence
未按顺序停留
 Fails to complete the tour within the specified overall time
在制定的时限内为完成巡更
The facility must exist for disabling a guards’ access card in the event of errors on his tour, thus
preventing unauthorised use of a card which has been forcibly obtained from a patrolling guard.
系统设备应能在守卫巡更过程出现错误的情况下使其的进入卡失效，因此这能防止卡从巡逻
的守卫那强行夺取后的非法使用。
3.12.4. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试
Each system will be commissioned and tested by the specialist systems installer in accordance with the
system manufacturer’s specification.
每个系统都应根据系统制造商的规定由专业系统安装人员进行试运行和测试。
3.12.5. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 操作和维护
The system must be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturers/specialist installers’
instructions.
系统应根据制造商/专业安装人员的指令进行操作和维护。
The systems must be maintained and serviced by the specialist installer, or other specialist maintenance
organization, at a minimum of six-monthly intervals.
系统应至少每六个月由专业安装人员或其他专业维护机构进行维护和保养。
All faults recorded must be rectified as soon as a specialist engineer can attend site.
一旦发现有错误记录，专业工程师便应该到场进行修正。
With the exception of infrared lamps to CCTV cameras, the systems are not suitable for maintenance by
the normal hotel maintenance staff.
除了闭路电视摄像头的红外感应灯之外，系统并不适合有普通的宾馆维护人员进行维护。
It must be noted that the local lighting installed where CCTV camera are used must be compatible with
the use of the cameras, of an adequate illuminance level to allow their operation, and maintained to a
high standard.
必须注意的是闭路电视摄像头所用的本地照明系统必须和摄像头相匹配，应对摄像头的运行提供
足够的照度并且进行高标准的维护工作。
3.12.6. SPARE PARTS 零件
Spare parts will generally be stocked by the specialist maintenance organisation. However when this
organisation is located outside the national boundary, and extended delays may be experienced by spares
in clearing national customs operations, the following may be retained in stock:
零件通常由专门的维护机构储存。然而当这种机构位于国外，并且可能在清关时产生延误，则
储存时应遵循以下规定：

1 Nº of each type of security system contact/detector
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

每个型号的系统接触/探测器 1 个
2 Nº spare annunciator of each type used
每种所使用的警告器 2 个
1 Nº spare CCTV camera unit of each type used
每种所使用的闭路电视摄像头单元 1 个
The hotel should retain in stock 6 Nº infra-red lamps for external IR sensitive CCTV units.
宾馆内应存有 6 个的室外红外感应闭路电视单元的红外灯管。
3.12.7. APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 合格制造商
Intruder/Bandit Alarms 入侵/盗抢警报器
1. Chubb Security
2. Honeywell
3. Philips Communications and Security
4. Siemens
5. Tour Andover Controls
CCTV Systems 闭路电视
1. Philips Communications and Security
2. TOA Electronic
3. Chubb Security
4. Siemens
5. Tour Andover Controls
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3.13.
COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA SYSTEMS 通信与数据系统
3.13.1. General 一般叙述
This section covers the provision of a wire-way system for the installation of a combined data/voice
telecommunications system and, specialised power outlets for data terminals. Reference is made to
separate specific standards for above systems.
本章节叙述了用于安装集成数据/语音通讯系统以及数据终端专用电源插座的线缆槽的安装的规
定。上述系统的专门标准已分开叙述。
It is intended that the data/voice wiring be installed by the electrical systems installers, with cable types
being specified by IHG for each project. A specialist system installer should carry out final
terminations to all equipment.
数据/语音的布线一般倾向于由电气系统安装人员负责，每个项目的线缆类型由 IHG 规定。专业
的系统安装人员将完成所有设备的最终安装工作。
For the purposes of this section ‘critical’ power is defined as essential for hotel operation, but not
essential for the safety of the occupants.
本章节中，“重要”电源是被视作对酒店运营必须而对居住者的安全而言未必是必须的电源。
3.13.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
The data/voice communication system should be designed around a minimum of a Category 6 wiring
system to ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A standard, this being the recognised installations standard for data/voice
wiring. The wire-way system should be designed to accommodate the above wiring system and provide
sufficient spare capacity for 25% future expansion.
数据/语音通信系统设计时至少应遵循 ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A 的六类布线系统的要求，这些标准
是公认的用于数据/语音布线的安装标准。电缆槽系统的设计应能使适应上述布线系统，并且提
供至少 25%的冗余以备将来之用。
Fibre optic cable shall be used for the backbone and horizontal cable shall be CAT 6E.
主干网用光纤电缆，水平布线采用 6 类 E 电缆。
Broadband or wireless internet to be provided to entire hotel.
整个酒店内应提供宽带或无线英特网接入。
3.13.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南
The data/voice system wire-ways should consist of an outlet box at each terminal/handset position with
25mm galvanised conduit link to the main data/voice cable trunking system linking back to the
data/telecoms equipment room.
数据/语音系统的电缆槽系统应在每个终端/听筒的位置有一个出线盒，此盒通过 25 毫米的镀锌
管道与主数据/语音中继电缆系统连接，并由此连接至数据/通信设备间。
The conduit system will be run flush within the building finishes except within plant/service areas
where the conduits may be run on the surface. The trunking system will consist of galvanised cable
trunking run concealed within false ceiling voids and telecoms risers. Where required, galvanised cable
trays should be used in risers.
除了在设备/服务区域内管道可以暴露在表面上，管道系统应整齐的排列在楼宇建筑内。中继系
统应包括隐蔽的布放在人工吊顶和通信管道内的中继镀锌管道。
At each point-of-sale and computer outlet provide a twin socket outlet of locally used type, fitted with a
non-standard pin configuration. The socket outlets may be grouped together with up to four twin sockets
on a sub-circuit, and fed from a dedicated local distribution panelboard supplied from the critical
services section of the main low voltage distribution panel.
在每个销售点和电脑插座处提供一对用于当地类型的插槽插座，以备非标准的针脚配置。这些
子线路上的插槽插座最多可以由四对插槽组合在一起，它们来自于主低压分配架上重要服务部
分的的专用本地分配面板。
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A twin socket outlet to the above specification should installed adjacent to each main IT distribution
cabinet located in the main data/telecoms room.
在主数据/通信室内的每一个主 IT 分配箱的旁边应安装一对符合上述规定的插槽插座。
Distribution panel boards for point-of-sale/computer supplies should be provided with an internal
isolated earth bar connected directly to the main earth bar in the LV switchroom. Equipotential bonding
conductors to false ceiling grids and other items of extraneous metalwork must not be connected to the
earth conductors of point-of-sale/computer socket outlet sub-circuits, or to their related panelboard earth
bars.
销售点/电脑处的分配盘应有连接至低电压开关室主接地的内部独立接地排。人工吊顶栅格的等
电位耦合导体和其他外来的金属器件不准连接到销售点/电脑插槽插座处子线路的接地导体处，
也不能连接至与它们相关的控制板的接地棒上。
Conduit sizes refer to internal diameter measurement.
管道的尺寸参照国内的直径测量要求。
3.13.4. Commissioning and Testing 试运行和测试
The commissioning and testing of the data/voice systems should be carried out be the specialist
installation contractor.
数据/语音系统的试运行和测试应有专业安装分包商来进行。
3.13.5. Telephone Standards - These standards apply to all new and conversion hotels.
电话标准 - 这些标准适用于所有新建和传统酒店
Holiday Inn 假日品牌
Each guestroom must provide a minimum of two (2) touch-tone telephones. One telephone is required
at bedside and one is required at the work surface.
每个客房至少应提供两台按键式电话机。一个应位于床头，另一个应位于工作台上。
For all suites, both the nightstand phone and the desk (or work area) phone must be dual lines
telephones wired to the same extensions, with message-waiting list, data port, volume control handset
and an easily understandable custom faceplate. Each phone must allow for two simultaneous
conversations or for one conversation and the simultaneous use of a personal computer or fax machine
to communicate with other systems outside the Hotel or Resort via the telephone system. Electrical
convenience outlets must be easily accessible to the work area. The desk (or work area) phone will
include a speakerphone. Provide trim-line phone in bathroom or toilet.
所有套房的床头和桌子（或工作区域）的电话都必须有两根线连接至相同的分机上，并且有等
待信息列表、数据接口、音量控制钮和简洁明了的面板。每部电话应能同步通话或一路通话的
同时另一路可用于电脑或传真机与酒店或度假酒店以外的系统连接。工作区域内的电气插座应
能方便使用。桌上（或工作区内）的电话应有扬声器。盥洗室或卫生间提供简洁型电话机。
All other rooms are to have single line telephones, as long as high speed internet access is provided.
其它客房提供带高速互联网接入的单线电话。
Crowne Plaza 皇冠品牌
Each guestroom must provide a minimum of two (2) touch-tone telephones. One telephone is required
at bedside and one is required at the work surface.
每个客房至少应提供两台按键式电话机。一个应位于床头，另一个应位于工作台上。
For all suites, both the nightstand phone and the desk (or work area) phone must be dual lines
telephones wired to the same extensions, with message-waiting list, data port, volume control handset
and an easily understandable custom faceplate. Each phone must allow for two simultaneous
conversations or for one conversation and the simultaneous use of a personal computer or fax machine
to communicate with other systems outside the Hotel or Resort via the telephone system. Electrical
convenience outlets must be easily accessible to the work area. The desk (or work area) phone will
include a speakerphone. Provide trim-line phone in bathroom or toilet.
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所有套房的床头和桌子（或工作区域）的电话都必须有两根线连接至相同的分机上，并且有等
待信息列表、数据接口、音量控制钮和简洁明了的面板。每部电话应能同步通话或一路通话的
同时另一路可用于电脑或传真机与酒店或度假酒店以外的系统连接。工作区域内的电气插座应
能方便使用。桌上（或工作区内）的电话应有扬声器。盥洗室或卫生间提供简洁型电话机。
InterContinental 洲际品牌
Each guestroom must provide a minimum of two (2) touch-tone telephones. One telephone is required
at bedside and one is required at the work surface. Both the nightstand phone and the desk (or work
area) phone must be 2-line telephones wired to the same extensions, with message-waiting list, data
port, volume control handset and an easily understandable custom faceplate. Each phone must allow for
two simultaneous conversations or for one conversation and the simultaneous use of a personal
computer or fax machine to communicate with other systems outside the Hotel or Resort via the
telephone system. Data port (Broadband IC connect) and electrical convenience outlets must be easily
accessible to the work area. One wall-mounted handset to be installed beside toilet. The desk (or work
area) phone will include a speaker.
每个客房至少应提供两台按键式电话机。一个应位于床头，另一个应位于工作台上。床头和桌
子（或工作区域）的电话都必须有两根线连接至相同的分机上，并且有等待信息列表、数据接
口、音量控制钮和简洁明了的面板。每个电话都应能允许同时的两路通话或一路通话的同时另
一路可用于电脑或传真机，用于和其他酒店之外系统谁被的通信或者借助其进行通信。数据口
（宽带集成电路连接）和工作区域内的电气插座应能方便使用。洗手间还应安装一台挂墙式电
话。桌上（或工作区内）的电话应有扬声器。
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3.14.
LIGHTNING PROTECTION 雷电保护
3.14.1. GENERAL 一般叙述
This section covers the provision of lightning protection systems throughout the project. The section
does not cover earthing and bonding which will be the subject of section 3.5, but should be read in
conjunction with that section.
本章节叙述了项目中雷电保护的规定。本章节未包含接地和连接方面的规定，这些内容将是 3.5
节的主题，但是这两个章节需关联阅读。
The requirement for lightning protection systems will be the subject of local regulations. Should these
requirements be of a low standard or incompatible with a high quality electrical installation, British,
European or US Standards should be substituted where there is no conflict with local requirement.
雷电保护系统的要求应根据当地的规定。如果这些规定所要求的标准偏低或者与高质量的电气
安装相违背，则英国、欧洲或美国的标准就应该在于当地规定不相冲突的地方作为替代者。
3.14.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
A lightning protection system will be provided whether or not required by local regulations.
无论当地规定与否都需提供雷电保护系统。
Where local regulations are non-existent, or based on US, British or European regulations but are
superseded by revision to those regulations, the updated versions of the US British or European
regulations should be used as a minimum standard.
如果没有相关的当地固定规定，或者虽然规定是基于美国、英国或者欧洲的标准制定的但是做
了修改，则至少应遵守最新版本的美国、英国或欧洲的规定。
If there is a conflict between the local regulations and the updated US, British or European regulations,
the local regulations will take precedence.
如果当地的规定和最新的美国、英国或欧洲的规定相冲突，则以当地的规定为准。
The design engineer should note that in some countries, the use of early streamer emission systems is
prohibited. In other countries, draft legislation is in progress to prohibit and enforce the removal of such
systems. Where either of the two above conditions occur, the design engineer should only use the
Faraday cage or Franklyn Rod type lightning protection systems.
设计人员应该注意到在某些国家禁止利用早期电流辐射系统。在其他的国家，相关法律的草案
正在制定的过程中，以禁止并且强制取消类似的系统。如果出现以上两种情况，设计人员应仅
适用法拉第笼或弗兰克林 罗德型的雷电保护系统。
3.14.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
A lightning protection system will be provided in accordance with the requirements of the standards
referred to in article 3.14.2.
应根据章节 3.14.2 中所述的标准的要求来提供雷电保护系统。
The system will consist of air terminations, down conductors, and earth electrode network.
系统将包括避雷器、连接导体和接地电极网等部分。
Air terminations should either be of the Faraday cage/Franklyn rod type, in accordance with the
previously stated standards, or of the early streamer emission type, where permitted by local standards.
根据先前所述的标准，避雷器可以是法拉第笼或弗兰克林 罗德型的，也可以在当地标准允许的
情况下使用早期电流辐射系统。
Where standards permit, the steel frame or reinforcement of a building may be used as the down conductor
system. However, the design engineer should consider the requirement for exothermic welded bonds
between steelwork sections to ensure a reliable earth path.
如果标准允许，楼宇的钢架或钢筋可以作为下行导体系统。然而，设计人员应该考虑到钢结构
连接处焊接点的发热要求，以确保可靠接地的路由。
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Under no circumstances will anything other than copper down conductors be use where early streamer
emission systems were is installed.
当使用早期电流辐射系统时，只能使用铜作为下行导体。
Earth electrodes should consist of rods, buried plates or strips as recommended by the relevant standards,
or dictated by local conditions. Where individual electrodes are tested and prove to have an insufficiently
low earth resistance to comply with the relevant standards, additional electrodes will be provided to form an
earth array constructed around the primary electrode.
根据相关规定推荐或现场条件的限制，接地电极包括金属棒、埋设用的金属板或条。单独的电极
应经过测试，证明其有足够的低电阻从而符合向关规定的要求，在基础电极周围附加电极将组成
一个接地阵列。
Each electrode or primary electrode in the case of electrode arrays, should be provided with earth test
clamps, located above the finished ground level to enable testing of individual electrodes/arrays.
作为电极阵列的每个电极或基础电极应配备一个高于完工后地表平面的接地测试夹，以备测试
单独电极/阵列只用。
Rod electrodes will consist of extendible molecularly-bonded, steel cored, copper clad rods. The
lightning protection system will be connected to the main earth bar of the earthing and bonding system of
the building. Where the relevant standards permit, this link should incorporate an isolating link at the earth
bar for test purposes.
金属棒电极包括基础结构连接可延伸的、钢芯镀铜的金属棒。雷电保护系统应连接至楼宇接地
和连接系统得主接地棒。如果相关规定允许，还应包含一个在接地棒上独立的连接以备测试只
用。
3.14.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约
Before specification of early streamer emission systems, ensure that adequate facilities are locally
available for disposal of the radioactive source and enclosing structure.
在对早期电流辐射系统作规定之前，应确保当地能提供足够的设备对放射源和保护装置进行处
理。
3.14.5. COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运行和测试
The system should be commissioned and tested in accordance with the relevant standards utilised for
design of the system.
系统应根据适用于系统设计的相关标准进行试运行和测试。
Earth continuity and earth electrode resistance should be re-tested on a annual basis.
接地的连续性和接地电极的电阻应至少每年测试一次。
3.14.6. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护
Re-test annually. Carry out annual visual inspection. Carry out any necessary remedial works.
每年都需进行测试。每年进行一次外观检查。对系统作任何必要的维修。
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3.15.
MASTER ANTENNA TELEVISION AERIAL SYSTEM 共用天线电视的天线系统
3.15.1. GENERAL 一般叙述
This section covers the provision of a master antenna television aerial system together with the
requirements for specialised power outlets for the system.
本章节叙述了共用天线电视的天线系统以及系统专用电源插座要求的规定。
It is intended that the master antenna television aerial system is wired by the electrical systems installer
with final connection being made by a specialist systems installer.
建议共用天线电视的天线系统得布线由电气系统安装人员来完成，并且由专业系统安装人员来
完成最后的连接工作。
3.15.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The master antenna television aerial (MATV) system should be designed to provide the following
output channel relays:
共用天线电视的天线（MATV）系统的设计中应提供下列频道输出：
• All locally available terrestrial TV channels
所有本地的地面电视频道
• A minimum of two FM radio channels.
至少两个调频无线电频道
• Pay Per View Movie system.
付费电影频道
• Two in-house music channels.
两个室内音乐频道
• Satellite television receive only (TVRO) channels, (number to be confirmed by IHG for each
project.
卫星电视接收（TVRO）频道（ 每个项目中的数量由 IHG 确定）
• Provision for room bill review/hotel information system.
提供客房帐单浏览/宾馆信息系统
• Pay TV
付费电视
The system should be arranged so that a single aerial/dish array serves the whole complex.
系统应只用单个天线/碟形卫星天线阵列来满足整个需要。
The wiring system should be designed to accommodate a 25% future expansion.
布线系统设计时应考虑留 25%的余量以备将来扩容之需。
The system should be provided to each lounge area, each guest room, each bar and restaurant, each
function room, the resident managers’ office, health club, staff canteen and the hotel engineers office.
系统应遍布于每个休息区域、每个客房、每个酒吧和餐厅、每个功能室、进驻经理办公室、健
身俱乐部、员工餐厅和酒店工程师办公室。
3.15.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
The aerial location should be selected to provide the strongest and steadiest signal with no observable
ghosting and minimal interference. Construction should be of heavy gauge aluminium or stainless steel.
天线的位置的选择应确保提供最强的和最稳定的信号，并且没有重影和最小的互相干扰。结构
应采用大规格的铝或不锈钢。
The mast and satellite dishes should be bonded to the lightning protection system and designed to
withstand a wind velocity of 100kM/h.
天线杆和碟形卫星天线应连接至雷电保护系统，并且其应设计成能抵御时速 100 公里的强风。
The satellite dish should be provided with all necessary amplifiers, filters, etc and fitted to a motorised
mounting.
碟形卫星天线应配备有必要的功率放大器、滤波器等，并且需按装在可移动的装置上。
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Amplifiers should be of the single channels type rated for 24 hour operation, 365 day per year, and
include two units to operate spare channels. Amplifiers should be suitable for mounting in a 500mm
rack and provided with a suitable power pack unit.
功率放大器可以全年 365 天，每天 24 小时使用，并且有备用。功率放大器应适合于安装在 500
毫米的架子上，并且配备有合适的电力单元
Digital video discs should be rack-mounted capable of 7 day, 24 hour programming for in-house
transmission.
数字视频光盘应 7 天 24 小时的室内编程传送。
Splitter units should be of the reaction type. Tee units should be of the transformer type.
分配器应为感应类型的。变压器的型号应为 T 字单元
The system should be wired in CAT 6 cable run in concealed dedicated conduit or trunking.
系统的布线应适用 6 类线，并布放在隐蔽的专用管道或中继内。
Outlet plate cable terminated behind the television should be a nominal CAT 6 valve, RJ45 and be
provided with a CAT 6 fly-lead for connection to the TV set.
电视后部的电缆出口板应使用 6 类线、RJ45 接线头，并且通过 6 类连接头连接至电视机。
A twin socket outlet, of locally used type will be provided adjacent to each main and local distribution
amplifier position, fed from a local distribution panel board.
一个成对的当地常用的插口插座应紧邻每个主和本地分布放大器处，连接至本地分配控制盘。
If country broadcasts analogue signal, 75 ohm co-axial cable shall be used in lieu of CAT 6.
如果该国使用模拟信号进行广播，则需要用 75 欧姆的同轴电缆代替 6 类线。
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3.16.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FUNCTION ROOMS 关于多功能厅的特别规定
3.16.1. GENERAL 概述
This section covers the special requirements for lighting, small power outlets and data/voice outlets to
be provided in the various function rooms of the hotel. The section does not cover the provision of
audio/visual systems to be provided, which are the subject of section 3.17 Audio/Visual Systems.
本章节叙述了酒店内多功能室的照明、小电源插座和数据/语音插座的特别规定。本章节不包含
视频/音频系统的规定，这些是 3.17 视频/音频系统的内容。
For the purposes of this section, the term “function rooms” includes Ballrooms. Meeting Rooms,
Banqueting Rooms, Lecture Theatres and Exhibition Areas together with their reception areas and
ancillary areas.
本章节叙述中，“多功能室”一词包括舞厅、会议室、宴会厅、演讲厅和展览区域以及它们的
接待区域和从属的区域。
This section is to be read in conjunction with sections: 阅读本章节时结合下列章节
3.3
LV Distribution System 低电压分配系统
3.4
Standby Power Systems 备用电源系统
3.6
Lighting System 照明系统
3.7
Power System 电源系统
3.15
MATV System 共用天线电视系统
3.17
Audio/Visual Systems 音频/视频系统
3.16.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The lighting systems employed in function rooms should reflect the architectural and interior design
requirements for the individual rooms.
功能室内使用的照明系统应能反应建筑和室内设计中对于单独房间的要求。
It should be considered that the rooms will generally be multi-purpose in function and the flexibility of
lighting control should reflect that multiplicity of usage.
应该考虑到这类房间在功能上要求的多样性，因此灯光控制应具有灵活的特性以适合这种使用
上的多样性。
20% of the lighting should be fed from essential services circuits.
20%的照明灯光需要来自应急电源线路。
Larger function rooms such as the ballroom may be required to be sub-divisible, requiring duplication
of outlets to service each section of the room.
诸如宴会厅等大型多功能厅可能会被要求分隔成几个部分，因此每个间隔都需要相同的插座。
Service doors used for food service should be provided with automatic operation controlled by
presence/motion detectors.
用于送餐服务的门应是自动开启的感应门。
Small power outlets should be provided for cleaning purposes as well as provision for band equipment,
audio-visual equipment, table lamps, food warming cupboards, etc.
电源插座应提供用于清洁工作以及乐队设备、视听设备、台灯、食物加热柜等。
Public telephone booths should be provided in the reception areas to function rooms.
多功能厅的接待区域内应配备有公用电话。
Internal telephones should be provide at reception seating areas, all function room service areas,
interpreters lounge (if any), lighting/audio-visible control room and to all small meeting rooms.
在接待处的座位区域、所有多功能厅的服务区域、同声翻译室（如果有）、照明/视听控制室以
及所有小型会议室内都应有内部电话。
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100AMP spare circuit to be provided for all rooms for external use.
所有房间应提供 100 安培的备用电源以备临时外接设备之用。
3.16.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
3.16.3.1. Lighting 照明
Function room lighting should generally consist of ceiling and wall mounted decorative luminaires, with
additional table lamps fed from flush floor socket outlets where the function room is used for dining or
banqueting purposes.
多功能厅的照明通常由安装在天花板和墙壁上的装饰性等功能组成，在多功能厅用作就餐或宴
会的地方还需要连接至埋装在地上的插座的额外台灯。
Where the room is used for banqueting purposes exhibitions, etc, spotlights should be provided to cover
the probable locations of head tables, fashion show runways, orchestra stands, etc. These may be
recessed ceiling mounted (linear power tracks), within chandeliers, or any appropriate location where
they are sufficiently concealed to avoid their detracting from the aesthetic appearance of the room.
如果房间用于宴会、展览等目的，还需配备聚光灯以覆盖主席台、时装表演通道、乐队演奏处等位置。这些等可能埋设在
天花板内（线性轨道电源）、树枝形装饰灯内或任何适合于隐蔽的地方以确保整个房间外观的美观。
Pre-function reception rooms should be provided with lighting track and spotlights for exhibition
purposes.
多功能前厅内应配备有轨道照明和用于展览的聚光灯
The various types of luminaires should be individually switched in sections which correspond to the
likely division of the rooms. Additionally the actual function rooms shall be provided with dimming
facilities to provide a range from <10% to 100%.
对应于可能的每个房间间隔内的不同光源照明灯应能单独通过开关控制。另外，实际的功能室
内应提供亮度调节装置使亮度能在<10%到 100%范围内调节。
Self-illuminated emergency exit signs, fed from essential service circuits, should be provided over the
doors of all emergency exits, throughout the hotel.
由应急线路供电的紧急出口指示灯应安装在酒店所有紧急出口的门那里。
3.16.3.2. Small Power 备用电源
Each divisible ballroom area should be provided with a 125A, three phase and neutral power supply.
每个可分隔的宴会厅内应提供 125 安培、三相带零线的电源。
Each small meeting room should be provided with a 63A three phase and neutral power supply.
每个小会议室内应提供 63 安培、三相带零线的电源。
Each divisible ballroom/function room area and each meeting room should be provided with a minimum
of five twin socket outlets for general purposes use.
每个可分隔的舞厅/功能室的区域和每个会议室内应提供至少 5 对通用插座。
Socket outlets for cleaning purposes should be provided, at regular intervals, at spacings to allow full
coverage of the room with cleaning appliances fitted with 8m leads.
房间内应提供用于清洁工作的插座，插座必须有一定的间隔以给配备 8 米线缆的清洁设备能覆
盖整个房间。
Flush floor mounted socket outlets should be provided at probable head table location in all rooms
likely to be used for dining or banqueting, and all meeting rooms. Where these rooms are also to be
used for dancing (eg, ballrooms) the lid of the socket box should be capable of being screwed shut to
prevent a tripping hazard. All floor mounted socket outlets must be of a pattern to allow the lid to shut
flush with the floor with the plug top in place.
在所有可能用于就餐或宴会的房间内的主席台可能的位置上应提供埋地式的插座。如果这些房
间同时有可能用于跳舞的话（如舞厅），这些插座的盖子应能用螺丝紧固以免造成绊倒的危
险。所有埋地式的插座必须为同一款式，以便插座的盖子的上部在关闭后能与地面平齐。
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3.16.3.3. Data/Voice System 数据/语音系统
Public telephone booths should be provided to the lobbies of all large function rooms, to lobbies serving
groups of small function rooms, and to the interpreters lounge (where applicable).
在所有大型多功能厅的前厅，为几个小型多功能室提供服务的大厅，以及休会议休息厅（如
有）都应设公用电话亭。
Telephone sockets should be provided to the banquet captions position in the banquet kitchen.
宴会厅厨房应提供电话插座。
Internal telephones should be provided to seating areas in function room lobbies, all bars and pantries,
banquet kitchen, lighting/audio visual control room and interpreters/lounge.
功能室大厅的座位处、所有的酒吧和餐具室、餐厅厨房、灯光/视听控制室以及同声翻译室内都
应配备内部电话。
Each divisible ballroom and meeting room should be provided with three ISDN outlets connected to the
central server, and additional three outlets for fax and internet services.
每个可分隔的舞厅和会议室都应提供三根 ISDN 插座，连接至中央服务器，另提供三个插座用于
传真和英特网服务。
3.16.3.4. MATV System 共用天线电视系统
The ballroom should be provided with a link to the MATV system to enable TV or radio broadcast of
ballroom functions over the hotels internal system.
宴会厅应提供至共用电视天线系统的连接，以便可以通过酒店的内部系统对舞厅内的情况进行
电视或无线转播。
3.16.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源节约
Provide light switches for staff when setting up functions rooms, cleaning etc. These switches allow for
minimum lighting levels required for the above purposes, but prohibit the use of full lighting, i.e.
chandeliers, spotlights etc.
提供员工在对功能室进行布置和清洁时照明开关。这些开关将提供针对上述目的的最低照度，
而无需使用所有的灯光，例如装饰灯、聚光灯等。
Provide motion detectors, which automatically shut off unused function rooms after pre-set time delays.
提供动态探测器，它可以在预设时间延时过后自动关闭不使用的多功能房。
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3.17.
AUDIO VISUAL SYSTEMS 视音频系统
3.17.1. GENERAL 概述
This section covers the provision of a background music/paging system, local sound systems to various
hotel areas, simultaneous interpretation systems, conferencing systems, visual presentation systems and
staff paging system.
本节涵盖了以下一些内容：背景音乐和呼叫系统的规定、针对酒店内不同区域的本地音响系
统、同声传译系统、会议系统、视频演示系统和员工呼叫系统。
A specialist audio-visual consultant in conjunction will carry out the final design of the system with the
electrical design engineer and the IHG Design and Engineering staff.
专业的视音频系统顾问将和电气设计工程师和 IHG 设计及工程人员一起完成系统的最后设计。
Each of the above systems must be supplied, installed, tested and commissioned by specialist system
suppliers. No termination of cabling or installation of amplifiers or terminal devices will be permitted until
the building is in the final stages of completion and there is no risk of contamination by dust, paint, etc.
上述系统的供应、安装、测试及调试均需由专业的系统提供商来完成。在建筑物进入最后完成
阶段并且消除灰尘、油漆等污染物之前，布线、放大器以及终端设备的安装未经允许均不得停
止。
This section should be read in conjunction with sections: 本节需和以下章节关联阅读
7
Fire Life Safety Systems 火灾生命安全系统
3.16
Special Requirements for Function Rooms 多功能室的特殊要求
3.17.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The systems must be designed to take into account any applicable special requirements of local
regulations.
本系统设计时必须考虑所有当地标准中的特殊规定。
3.17.2.1. Background Music/Paging System 背景音乐/广播系统
The system should provide background music channels to loudspeaker systems throughout the hotel as
specified in the following section. This system should also provide the means of public address paging
and paging. Where required by local code emergency paging/voice evacuation in override mode shall be
provided in low-rise buildings only. In this case the system must satisfy the higher standards required for
emergency paging systems and be interfaced with the fire alarm system. Such systems must be noninterruptible and all components must be approved for life safety use. High-rise buildings require
dedicated separate emergency paging systems in any case.
系统必须按以下章节中所规定的向遍布宾馆中的扬声器系统提供背景音乐频道。系统还需提供
公共广播系统的方式和广播功能。需本地代码紧急广播/强切语音疏散系统之处仅为低层的建
筑。在这种情况下，系统必须满足紧急呼叫系统所需的更高的标准并且与火灾报警系统在同一
界面上。该系统应该具有免干扰的能力并且所有的元件都必须被证明能终生使用。在任何请况
下，高层建筑都需要专门的分散紧急广播系统。
Where separate emergency paging/voice evacuation systems are provided they shall override audio
systems to be silenced at that time. This shall be achieved an a manner preventing any damage to the
audio equipment upon loss of power and it’s restoration.
装有分散紧急广播/语音疏散系统之处，需在紧急情况下关闭音频系统使其处于无声的状态。但
这必须在一种避免因断电和恢复所产生损坏的方法下进行。
For all Holiday Inn and Holiday Inn Express hotels, background music speakers connected to the lobby
sound zone are to be installed in the arrival porte cochere outside the main entry.
所有假日及快捷假日品牌需在酒店主出入口的门廊处设置背景音乐喇叭并与大堂范围相连。
3.17.2.2. Local Sound Systems 本地音响系统
Separate local sound systems should be provided to the following areas:
分散本地音响系统需在以下地点安装：
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











All meeting and function rooms
所有会议及功能房间
Health club and pool area
健身会馆及游泳池
Night club
夜总会
Main ballroom
主宴会厅
Pre-function area
宴会前厅
Restaurants and bars
餐厅及酒吧
Lobby
大堂
Staff Cafeteria
员工餐厅
Rest rooms
公共卫生间
Retail shops, run by the hotel. Others as agreed with IHG.
宾馆经营的零售店。其他如 IHG 所规定。
Lounges such as on Executive floor
诸如在行政楼层内的酒廊
Club InterContinental Lounge – see IHG for particular details.
洲际俱乐部酒廊 - 详情见 IHG 标准
Each system should be capable of operating on inputs from the following:
所有系统须有处理以下输入信号的能力：
Local microphone (multiple in ballroom for band use)
本地扩音器（宴会厅中为乐队所用的，数量需加倍）
Local music input from compact disk player/DVD
自激光唱机/DVD 机中输入的本地音乐
Hotel background music system
宾馆背景音乐系统
Emergency paging/voice evacuation override
紧急呼叫/语音疏散系统的压制
Video sound channel from control room (ballroom only)
自控制室输出的视频音乐频道（仅供宴会厅使用）
Each sound system should be provided with local volume for each functional area and sections created
by moveable partitions in any combination. The pre-function room should additionally be capable of
connection to the main ballroom system.
对各个功能范围和由可移动的隔离物在组合情况下形成的区域，每个声音系统须提供本地音量
调节功能。
All meeting rooms, ballroom and pre-function areas shall have master controls at the central control
room for projection, light, and sound control.
所有会议室、宴会厅和前厅必须在中央控制室有针对投影、灯光和声音控制的主控制器。
3.17.2.3. Simultaneous Interpretation System 同声传译系统
A simultaneous interpretation system should be provided for Crowne Plaza projects.
皇冠品牌项目须有同声传译系统
The system should conform in all respects to international standard ISO 2603 and link the interpreter’s
booths to rooms specified by the design brief.
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系统必须遵守国际标准 ISO2603 的各方面规定并根据设计大纲的规定连接同声传译员室与各房
间。
3.17.2.4. Conferencing System 会议系统
Each divisible ballroom and meeting room area should be provided with 3 Nº ISDN category 5 cable
outlets, connected direct to the hotel central server, to provide conferencing facilitates both with other
hotel function rooms and external to the hotel.
所有可分割的宴会厅和会议室区域须提供直接连至宾馆中央服务器的 3NºISDN 五类线插座，以
提供与宾馆其他功能房间和外界进入宾馆的会议系统。
3.17.2.5. Video Presentation Systems 视频演示系统
The projection light and sound control room will be arranged to allow direct film or slide
projection into the divisible ballroom areas. To facilitate this two separate motorised
screens should be included, controlled from the control room to allow for projection over
the whole, or half of the ballroom.
投影灯光及声音控制室将被设计为可直接向可分割的宴会厅区域播放电影或幻灯片。为了便于
使用，必须安装两个电动的银幕。控制室必须能控制这些设备能向整个或半个宴会厅投影。
A cueing intercom should be provided between the various head table locations in the ballroom and the
control room.
宴会厅内不同的首脑台和控制室之间须提供用于提示的内部通信联络系统。
Each divisible ballroom and meeting room area should be provided with a video output, connected to the
control room, for the transmission of video channels to be selected from the control room.
每个可分割的宴会厅和会议室区域内须提供连接至控制室的视频输出端口，用于传送控制室所
选择的视频频道。
3.17.2.6. Staff Paging System 员工呼叫系统
A radio frequency (VHF) staff paging system should be provided to instigate an audible ‘bleep’ signal to
portable receiver units upon receipt of a coded radio signal.
一个无线频率（甚高频）员工呼叫系统能使便携式接收单元通过接收编码无线电信号从而产生
一个可闻的“哔”声。
The system should comprise a central/transmitter unit located in the telephone switchboard room,
transmitter aerial, (located to provide good reception by receivers in all parts of the hotel), receiver
storage/battery charger rack, and a minimum of 20 Nº receivers, (exact number to be determined by IHG
project manager, as dependant on size of hotel).
系统须由以下部分组成：位于电话配线间的中央/发射单元、发射天线（布于宾馆各处，用以向
接收器提供良好的接收效果）、接收器储存/充电座、以及至少 20 个接收器（具体数字由 IHG
项目经理根据宾馆规模提供）。
3.17.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规范及使用指南
3.17.3.1. General 概述
 Audio visual systems are required to provide background music, paging, sound reinforcement, and
facilitate presentations for various areas of the hotel. An audio visual systems consultant is typically
retained to provide design and coordination services, prepare the bid and contract documents, assist
in evaluating the bids, review the shop drawings and as-built documents, as well as inspect the work
for compliance with the documents.
视音频系统要求能提供背景音乐、广播、声音加强以及便捷的在宾馆各个区域内进行传送的
功能。一个可视音频系统的顾问将专门从事提供设计和协调职能、准备报价与合同文本、对
报价帮助进行评估、检查店铺平面图和已建文档、以及检查实际与文本是否相符等工作。

This document is intended design guideline for the audio/visual consultant as well as outlining the
necessary systems provisions.
本文档是提供给音频/可视顾问的意向性设计大纲，同时概述了针对系统所作的必要规定。
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
Due to the variation in design of the properties this standard applies to, reflecting the diversity of
architectural design concepts, the needs of the community and guest requirements, deviation from
these standards may be required. Where such deviation is required by the acoustical or visual
environment, the audio/visual consultant shall advise the owner and Inter-Continental Hotels and
Resorts of the nature and impact of the deviation. Deviations should be limited to providing
equivalent or better perceived quality to the guest and should only be pursued in order to maintain
or improve the quality of the systems by cooperation with the architectural features of the property.
基于各种物品的设计变化，此标准适用于：反映建筑设计理念的多样化、社会及客户的需
求、可要求对标准的游离。当这些游离是由于声学的视觉环境的要求，音频/可视顾问须向
顾主、洲际宾馆、自然胜地提供建议，说明游离的影响。游离须仅限于向客户提供相同的或
更好的接收效果并致力于通过与不动产中建筑特性的协调保持或加强系统的性能。

The overall intent is to provide a design of maximum flexibility and quality, while reducing the
amount of user interface required for normal operation to a minimum.
所有的设计目的在于提供最大的灵活性和最好的质量，同时将用于通常操作的用户界面数量
减少至最低。

In the event that any budgetary constraint or condition of existing properties precludes the
provisions described herein, the emphasis shall be placed on those items (loudspeakers, conduit,
cable, equipment space, HVAC and power provisions, etc.) which would disrupt the work of others
if installed at a later time. The approach is to accommodate build out to the standards expressed
herein as well as allow the adaptation to the specific needs of individual properties and the local
market conditions. The goal is to maintain the corporate reputation with respect to the guest
experience as well as the support of meeting and convention planners to provide the means for
professional presentations.
当出现由于预算的限制或已存在的建筑物无法遵循本文的规定的情况时，重点须放在那些可
能因延迟安装而对其他工作产生影响的方面，诸如扬声器、导管、线缆、设备空间、采暖通
风与空调以及电源供应等。方法是在本文所提到的标准之外尽量去适应建筑物的情况，同时
适应个别建筑及本地市场情况的特殊要求。目的是要保持与客户的交流和对于会议及协议策
划者的支持的共同声誉从而能提供专业的表现手段。
3.17.3.2. Coordination 协调

Fit and Finish: 安装及完成
a. Coordinate the location and finish of all devices and equipment which will be visible in public
spaces with the Architect and Interior Designer.
协调仪器和设备安装及其位置，使其在建筑和内部装潢的公共地点可见。
b. Coordinate the location of loudspeaker assemblies, infrared transmitters, etc. with the reflected
ceiling plans to ensure reconciliation with the ceiling configuration and the location of
luminaries, diffusers, registers, sprinklers, etc.
调扬声器、红外发射器等位置，同反射天花板一起协调发光体、扩音器、通风调节设
施、喷淋设施等，确保与天花板的设置协调一致。

Related Work by Others: 其他相关工作
a. Define extent of conduit provisions explicitly within the Audio Visual Bid Documents and
Audio Visual Contract Documents.
在可视音频的投标文件与合同文本中确定所供应的导管的长度。
b. Coordinate specifications requirements with the Electrical Engineer such that the Electrical
Contractor provides the conduit, conventional electrical style back boxes, pull boxes and pull
strings indicated in the Audio/Visual Contract Documents and installs loudspeaker enclosures,
specialty boxes specifically indicated as furnished by the audio visual contractor and projection
screens shown on the Documents.
与电气工程师协调规定及要求，在音频/可视合同文本中规定承包商所需提供的导管、
常规电器盒、拖线盒以及拉线等，并在文本中规定承包商须安装扬声器盒、可视音频承
包商所需的专用盒子以及用于投影的屏幕。
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
c.
Loudspeaker enclosures, projection screens and specialty boxes will be furnished by the
Audio/Visual Contractor to the Electrical Contractor for installation. One exception is the
installation of loudspeaker enclosures within accessible areas which will be performed by the
audio visual contractor in the event that the loudspeaker cabling is installed without conduit.
The electrical section of the specifications should direct the Electrical Contractor to refer to the
electrical section for conduit and back box products except as specifically indicated in the
Audio-Visual Contract Documents and separately reference the technical ground and conduit
termination techniques to preserve integrity of system ground provisions.
扬声器盒、投影屏幕以及专用的盒子由电气承包商安装后，由可视音频承包商负责装
修。唯一的例外是当扬声器盒的安装是在可触及的范围内并且扬声器的布线不需导管
时，此类安装由可视音频承包商负责。电气部分的规定须能指令电气承包商参照导管和
盒子的规定，除了可视音频合同文本以及另外提到的技术接地和用于保护系统接地完成
性的导管终端技术规定。
d.
Coordinate the heat load with the HVAC Engineer at any equipment locations where the
associated heat load is in excess of 1,000 BTU per hour, or where direct connection from
HVAC system to audio visual equipment is required.
与采暖通风与空调工程师协调各个位置的设备所产生的热负荷，凡是超过 1000BTU/每小
时以及直接从采暖通风与空调设备连至可视音频设备处都需要。
Design Provisions: 设计规定
a. Define grounding and shielding requirements within the audio visual bid and contract
documents.
在可视音频投标及合同文本中规定接地及屏蔽的要求。
b. Define portable equipment (patch cables, microphones, assisted listening systems, etc.) that
will be essential to basic operation, to be furnished by the Audio/Visual Contractor. Include
sufficient equipment for the hotel staff to hold department meetings and other internal events.
Provide at least one microphone for each room or room section provided with sound
reinforcement and provide one overhead projector and one slide projector. These items are to
be the property of the hotel and are to be considered separate from the equipment provided by
the audio visual operator (who may be contracted as an outside service).
确定由音频/可视承包商来负责装修基础工程中所需的便携式设备（电子连接线、麦克
风、辅助收听系统等）。确保宾馆员工有足够的设备进行部门间的会议和对外的事宜。
在每个房间或房间格局内确保至少有一个麦克风、声音增强设备、吊顶式的投影仪和幻
灯器。这些设备财产权属宾馆所有，须与可视音频操作商（他们可被认作外部服务供应
商）提供的设备分开。
c. For new properties, provide a list of portable equipment recommended for use with the
specified systems, to be provided by the operator (microphones, portable monitors, projectors,
etc.). For existing properties, review the existing portable equipment and operating procedures
of the audio visual staff and provide remedial recommendations regarding any changes to
equipment or procedure.
对于新增加的设备，提供一份建议对于专门系统使用的便携式设备，由经营者提供（麦
克风、便携式监视器、投影仪等）。对于已有的设备，检查已有的便携式设备和可视音
频员工所用的操作规范，提供修改意见用以对设备或规范进行修正。
d. Review impact of projection screen sizes, reasonable audience sizes, observer sight lines,
projection sight lines, audio visual equipment connection method and location, portable stage
equipment and theatrical lighting provisions at recommended head table or “stage” locations
for meeting spaces with the Owner and Architect and recommend any remedial actions to
coordinate these factors with the design goals of the property.
与业主和建筑师一起检查投影屏幕的大小和效果、可容纳的观众人数、观众的视线、投
影光线、可视音频设备的连接方式和所处位置、便携式的舞台设备以及可能的主席台和
用于会议的“舞台”位置上的剧场灯光的规定，并根据设计要求来协调进行所需的修
改。
e. Review finish materials and surfaces with respect to acoustical considerations directly
impacting audio system performance. This should be considered as a guideline for ballroom
and meeting rooms and as a mandatory design consideration for areas provided with a fixed
seating arrangement.
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f.

基于声学上的考虑检查会直接影响音频系统性能的材料和表面。这应当作为对宴会厅和
会议室设计的纲要，在有固定座位安排的区域须强制考虑。
In areas where permanent or regular teleconferencing is part of the program, the placement and
acceptability of the surface materials and finishes will be dictated by the acoustical
requirements of the teleconferencing systems. The audio visual consultant and interior designer
will coordinate the efforts to minimize the reverberation in the room as well as eliminate all
detrimental reflections.
在安排中需作永久或经常性电信会议之用的区域，内部安排、表面材料的可行性和最后
完成须由电信会议系统的声学要求来决定。可视音频顾问和内部设计人员将一起协调，
改善房间内的回声和有害的反射。
i. Verify that an appropriate noise criteria has been established.
核实所建立的噪音标准是否合适。
ii. Verify early reflections (within 20 milliseconds of original signal) are enhanced where
practical by guiding the reflected energy towards the audience.
确保早期反射（原声的 20 毫秒以内）在实际传向观众时能得到增强。
iii. Verify medium to late reflections (20 to 80 milliseconds after original signal) are
attenuated by absorptive surfaces chosen for effective reduction of reflections throughout
the speech range.
确保中期与晚期反射（原声的 20 至 80 毫秒）之间的声音被所选的吸附表面所削
弱，从而在演讲的范围内有效的减少回音。
iv. Verify late reflections (more than 80 milliseconds after original signal) are enhanced where
practical. Adjust the amount of absorptive material in the respective areas to adjust the
spectral response throughout the audience after control of medium to late reflections is
resolved.
确保晚期反射（原声的 80 毫秒之后）在实际总能的到增强。调整相关区域内的吸附
材料的使用量以调整中期和晚期之间的反射被控制后听众的收听效果。
ADA Compliance (US only, otherwise per local code):遵从 ADA（仅限美国地区，其他的遵照本地规范）
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
All areas with fixed seating arrangements must be provided with permanent assisted listening
systems, including receivers for use by the guest.
所有安排固定座位的区域须提供永久性的辅助收听设备，包括使用者所用的接收器。
All areas provided with sound reinforcement systems must have assisted listening systems
available upon reasonable notice.
所有包含声音增强系统的区域须合理的考虑到提供辅助收听设备。
Provide assisted listening systems where required by ADA guidelines, at a minimum.
根据ADA的大纲规定，提供起码数量的辅助收听设备。
In areas provided with permanent assisted listening systems, review the cost with the Owner
and Operator to provide sufficient bandwidth/radiating power to accommodate simultaneous
interpretation of up to four languages with the original signal.
在提供永久辅助收听设备的区域，同业主与营运商一起根据成本提供足够多的带宽/传
播能力以适应能根据原声提供多至4种语言的同声传译能力。
Include any portable equipment required for ADA compliance in the list of portable equipment
to be furnished by the contractor or in a list of mandatory equipment to be provided by the
Operator.
根据ADA所列的便携式设备的要求，提供所有的便携式设备。
If permanent infrared systems are provided, provide automatic routing and modulation of
infrared signal at any combinable rooms to synchronize the infrared signal in the combined
areas.
如果提供有永久的红外系统，在所有可组合的房间内提供红外信号的自动路由和调制功
能，以同步可组合房间内的红外信号。
Review the pertinent issues as they impact the specific property of the various technologies,
including impact of fluorescent lighting on infrared systems and lack of privacy and
interference for radio type systems, with the Owner prior to selection of the technology for
assisted listening systems.
检查不同的技术所带来的对特定物品的影响，包括荧光灯对红外系统的影响、缺乏隐私
保护以及对无线电盒带的影响，并且与业主优先选择对辅助收听系统有帮助的技术。
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3.17.3.3. Areas Requiring Sound System Installation 需安装音响系统的区域
NOTE: for purpose of brevity, refer to the end of this section, “Key to Sound System
Design Guidelines” listed elsewhere herein, referring to technical parameters or provisions
common to the areas served.
注意：为了简便起见，请参阅本节最后列出的“音响系统设计大纲的要点”，注意其中关于技
术参数或所服务场地的一般规定。
3.17.3.3.1. Pool Patio and Swimming Pool: 游泳池天井和游泳池
a. Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, F, G, J, L, N, R.
运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，F，G，J，L，N，R
b. Volume control may be located at towel station, snack bar, or other location
designated by the Owner and/or Operator.
音量控制器由业主/运营商指定，可能位于手巾处、小吃间或其他地点。
c. If ceiling is prohibitive for loudspeaker installation, use key design paragraph O and
delete paragraphs B and E.
如果天花板禁止安装扬声器，则运用章节 O，而删除 B 和 E。
d. Underwater loudspeakers may be required by special request of the Owner or operator.
In such event, the loudspeaker device and containing niche will be installed with all
protective devices as specified by the manufacturer. The niche will be provided and
installed by the pool contractor.
水下扬声器的安装须由业主/运营商提出特别要求。在这种情况下，须按厂家的
规定来安装带保护装置的扬声器设备以及存放其的壁龛。壁龛由游泳池的分包
商来负责安装。
3.17.3.3.2.
Public Corridors (no music, only for emergency paging):
公共走廊（无音乐，仅限紧急广播）
a. Indoors: Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, J, L, M, N, P, R.
室内的：运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，J，L，M，N，P，R
b. Outdoors: Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, F, G, J, L, N, R. If no ceiling or other
overhead speaker mounting location is present, use key design paragraph O and delete
paragraphs B and E.
室外的：运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，F，G，J，L，N，R。如果无天花板或现
有的安装吊顶式扬声器的位置，则运用章节 O，而删除 B 和 E。
3.17.3.3.3.
Lobbies: 大堂
a. Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, J, L, M, N, R.
运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，J，L，M，N，R
3.17.3.3.4.
Courtyards and Porte Cochere: 庭院与门廊
a. Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, F, J, L, N, R.
运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，F，J，L，N，R
b. If no ceiling or other overhead speaker mounting location is present, use key
paragraph O and delete paragraphs B and E.
如果无天花板或现有的安装吊顶式扬声器的位置，则运用章节 O，而删除 B 和 E
3.17.3.3.5.
Retail Shops: 零售商店
a. Hotel gift and sundries shop: Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, J, L, M, N, R.
宾馆礼品和杂货店：运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，J，L，M，N，R
b.
Leased retail space, etc.: The owner will indicate on a case-by-case basis if leasespace retail shops are included in the hotel sound system. If so, sound requirements are
the same as for gift shops. Provide a loudspeaker level feed available at the ceiling
space of these areas and size the power amplifier for music systems in the immediate
area to accommodate the load of incorporating these areas into the background music
systems at a later date.
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出租用的零售空间等：如果出租作零售商店的空间包括在宾馆音响系统内，业
主须一一指出，其音响要求同上。在这些空间的天花板上提供用于接驳扬声器
的位置，稍后依据其负载能合并入背景声系统的原则来设计其直接空间内的功
率放大器
3.17.3.3.6.
Rest Rooms: 公共卫生间
a. Use key design paragraphs: A, E, J, L, N, P, R.
运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，J，L，M，N，R
3.17.3.3.7.
Restaurants: 餐厅
a. Fine dining restaurants: Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, K, M. There will be no
paging into the area.
高档的餐厅：运用设计章节中的：A,B,E,K,M。在此区域内，不安排呼叫系统。
b. Casual restaurants: Use key design paragraphs: A, B, G, J, L, M, N, R.
普通餐厅：运用设计章节中的：A，B，G，J，L，M，N，R
3.17.3.3.8.
Health Club: 健身会所
a. Use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, F, G, M, N, O. The Owner will indicate on a
case-by-case basis if a local dedicated audio system or audio-visual system is required
for exercise room. These provisions may include multiple channel wired or wireless
distribution to allow individual guests to listen to different program material via guest
supplied headsets, plugged into the multi-channel receivers or to the wired connection
points at specific equipment. Do not provide a wired connection at any equipment
which could endanger the guest if the cord is entangled in the equipment.
运用设计章节中的：A，B，E，F，G，J，L，M，N，O。如果健身房内需要本地
的专用音频系统或可视音频系统，业主须一一指出。规定包括多通道的有线或
无线分布系统，以便每个客人可以通过接驳客户专用的耳机到多通道接收器或
专用的有线接收设备收听不同的节目。在因电缆缠绕上设备从而对客人可能产
生伤害的地方请勿使用有线链接。
3.17.3.3.9.
Lobby Lounge/Bar: 大厅休息室/酒吧
a. Use key design paragraphs: H, L, M, N, T or A&C, I.
运用设计章节中的：H，L，M，N，T 或 A，以及 C，I
b. Local staff will have the ability to eliminate all recorded music and paging into the
lobby lounge during live performances via locally mounted switch.
在直播节目期间，内部员工可以通过在内安装的按钮来消除所录制的音乐并向
大厅休息室内呼叫。
3.17.3.3.10. "Piano” Bars: 钢琴酒吧
a. The Owner will provide requirements for sound reinforcement of live performers on a
case-by-case basis. Such systems typically include:
业主须一一指出针对现场演奏的声音增强的要求。这些典型的设备包括：
i. A stage oriented, high-level audio system.
舞台导向的高平台的音频系统。
ii. Fold back monitor amplifiers with portable fold back loudspeakers.
折叠反监听功放和移动式反听扬声器。
iii. An input/output panel for XLR type microphone and line level connectors and 1/4
inch phone type monitor speaker connector. Separate conduits will be used to feed
speaker level, line level and microphone level to the input/output plate.
供 XLR 型麦克风使用的输入/输出控制台、水平接头和 1/4 英寸话筒型号监
视器的扬声器接头。分散的导管将从扬声器、线缆和麦克风的位置连接至输
入/输出平台。
3.17.3.3.11. Ballrooms (Including combinable banquet rooms and meeting rooms over 750 square feet
per section):
宴会厅（包括可组合的宴会厅和超过 750 平方英尺的会议厅）
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a.
Ballrooms having divisions which are separable by operable walls will incorporate
sound systems designed to allow each isolated room division to operate as an
independent sound zone. When room divisions are combined, the sound zones must
also be combined.
将那些通过可拆卸的墙壁而形成各个分隔空间的宴会厅的音响设计融合一起使
每个分隔的区域能作为独立的音响空间运作。当空间合并时，那些音响系统也
须合并。
i.
Reinforcement of speech and/or program material within subdivided meeting,
banquet and ballroom areas shall be accomplished by combining room mixer
outputs into dedicated power amplifiers and speakers.
可分隔会议室、宴会厅、宴会厅内的讲演增强系统和/或程序材料须由合
并的房间混响器输出至专门的功率放大器和扬声器。
ii. All combining for rooms in complex configurations shall be executed by easily
designed graphically representative control panels with the ability to combine
rooms by pushing a single button.
复杂的房间组合过程应只需按动便捷设计的控制台上由图形表现简单按钮
来实现。
iii. Where sub-divided rooms are in a simple in-line configuration, combining may
be executed from a lockable or electronically lockable control panel within the
room.
如果可再分的房间简单的呈一直线构造，其组合过程可通过位于房间内的
可锁定或通过电子锁定的控制台来实现。
iv. When subdivisions are combined the local volume controls are to be combined
such that they track each other and manipulation of one control will effect the
change to all combined areas.
当分隔开的空间组合在一起时，其音量控制器也将跟随着组合在一起，从
而对其总一个按钮的操作便会对整个组合空间产生效用。
v.
Combining subdivisions will also initiate a command to each subdivision
selecting the local source(s) as input (as opposed to background music). Upon
selection of background music at any room within the combined group, the
entire group will receive background music programming and the status
indicators will reflect the current input condition.
组合后的空间将同通过选择本地的源作为输入（有别于背景音乐）向每个
分隔空间启动控制。通过选择组合中任一房间的背景音乐功能，整个组合
都将收到背景音乐节目，并且状态指示器将反应现有的输入状态。
vi. The system shall provide for the combination of any number of room divisions
into a single sound system zone without noticeable change in level upon
combination.
系统将在不对现有组合产生影响的情况下，对任意数量的房间组合提供单
一的音响区域功能。
vii. The mixer, equalizer, amplifiers, and speakers of each individual room division
must function as part of a wholly integrated, combined sound system.
Specifically, any microphone or line input source originating within the room
group must be reproduced throughout the combined system. Likewise, line
outputs appearing at input/output patch panels within the room group must
provide the line output of the combined system.
个独立分隔房间的混音器、均衡器、放大器以及扬声器应作为整体合成的
音响系统的一部分运作。特别的，由房间组合内的任一麦克风或线缆输入
所产生的声音源须由组合的系统来传播。同样的，出现在房间组合中输入
/输出控制台上的线缆输出须提供组合系统的输出。
viii. The remote level and source control within any room division in a combined
area shall serve for the combined system.
组合空间内任一独立空间中遥控和源控制功能应能对整个组合系统服务。
b.
Assist the Architect in coordination of the concealed utility access panel detail with
the affected disciplines, including interior design, electrical, structural and fire rating
concerns. This detail is to be incorporated at each wall section as defined by the door
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openings and moveable partition layout at each ballroom section. The concealed
panels are to incorporate power feeds and empty conduit provisions to accommodate
anticipated audio visual and convention activity loads as well as connection points for
telephone, television, fax/data line, and audio visual portable equipment at a
consolidated position. The intent is to reduce the visual disruption as well as provide
power adjacent to the connection point for most equipment. Where budget and interior
design issues accommodate the provision, provide empty 3" to 4" diameter conduit to
a back of house area to allow temporary cabling from room to room as well as to a
location suitable for satellite uplink vehicles for special events. Provide similar empty
conduit to any hang points at appropriate locations to allow temporary cabling for
loudspeakers, stage lighting devices or other suspended equipment with minimal cable
visible to the public.
帮助建筑师将隐藏式的功能接入控制台的细节融入其作用的规范中，包括内部
装潢以及相关的电器的、结构的、防火的标准等。这些细节将如开门和每个宴
会厅空间中可移动空间规划中界定的那样融进墙壁分隔中。隐藏式的控制平台
将包括所提供的电源和空置导管以适应期望中的可视音频系统和在一个统一的
位置连接诸如电话、电视，数据/传真以及便携式可视音频设备等负载。目的在
于减少视觉上的干扰并且能就近为最大数量的设备提供电源供给。如果预算和
内部装潢要求允许，在房屋的后部空间提供空置的 3 寸至 4 寸的导管以便临时
提供房间至房间或因某些重要事件所需的卫星上连车辆线路。在所有悬挂处提
供相似的导管以便临时为扬声器、舞台灯光以及其他悬挂式设备提供线路，从
而尽可能少的对观众产生视觉上的影响。
c.
Where budget and interior design issues accommodate the provision, in conjunction
with the lighting designer, coordinate hang points at appropriate locations to allow
temporary lighting devices, projection screens, loudspeakers, stage draperies and other
items such as decorative banners to be suspended from the ceiling without risking
damage to the moveable partition tracks. Require the contractor to label the hang
points in a permanent manner indicating the maximum acceptable load as determined
by the structural engineer. The initial load at each hang point should be coordinated at
500 pounds with an arrangement that allows for redundant hang points for a given
load with each point sized to handle the load upon failure of the others. As the
structural construction will vary, coordinate the maximum practical load for the hang
points with the structural engineer and Owner for the greatest return for the
construction investment.
如果预算和内部装潢要求允许，与灯光设计人员一起，将悬挂点调整至合适的
位置以便为临时的灯光设备、投影仪器、扬声器、舞台帷幕以及其他装饰用的
横幅提供悬挂的地方，从而避免损坏可移动的导轨。要求分包商悬挂永久性的
标识，说明由结构工程师确定的最大的可承受负重。初始的负重限额定在 500
磅，并能允许承受一定数量的额外负重，以便在其它悬挂点无法承受时悬挂。
由于结构建筑的改变，与结构工程师和业主一起协调每个悬挂点的最大承重，
使其在结构投入中取得最大的收益回报。
d.
For basic sound requirements applicable to each room division having ceiling height
greater than 15 feet, use key design paragraphs: A, D, H, I, J.
对于每个天花板高度高于 15 英尺的房间，基于基本的音响要求，运用设计章节
中的：A，D，H，I，J。
e.
For room divisions having ceiling height less than 15 feet, use key design paragraphs:
A, C, H, I, J.
天花板高度低于 15 英尺的房间，运用设计章节中的：A，C，H，I，J。
f.
Each room division of 1250 square feet or more shall be equipped with an automatic
mixer having at least eight microphone inputs, one main output, and one auxiliary
output.
对于每个 1250 平方英尺及以上的房间，须提供自动麦克风混音器，并至少包括
8 个麦克风输入、一个主输入、一个主输出和一个辅助输出。
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g.
Each room division of less than 1250 square feet shall be equipped with an automatic
microphone mixer having at least four microphone inputs, one line input, one main
output, and one auxiliary output.
对于每个小于 1250 平方英尺的房间，须提供自动麦克风混音器，并至少包括 4
个麦克风输入、一个主输入、一个主输出和一个辅助输出。
h.
Each room division shall be equipped with one line level to microphone level pad,
terminated in the patch bay, adjacent to microphone mixer inputs.
每个房间提供一个连接至话筒的线路平台，终端位于墙板的凹槽中，与麦克风
混音器相邻
i.
Given the above stated minimums, the design should be carefully considered to
distribute microphone inputs in a fashion that best accommodates the likely head-table
positions throughout the room. Microphone inputs will use 3-pin female XLR type
connectors. Line outputs will use 3-pin male XLR type connectors. Where line level
tie lines are provided in lieu of the line output provisions, provide 3-pin female XLR
type connectors. Each wall should have at least two microphone inputs with
predominate head-table positions having at least four inputs normally connected to the
mixer. Wire microphone receptacles to patching jacks adjacent to mixer input patching
jacks with normal connections vertically aligned. Ballrooms with partition
configuration prohibiting service of some head table positions by wall mounted
receptacles without crossing traffic paths should be equipped with floor boxes which
will accommodate two microphone inputs each. Substantially larger ballroom sections
should have a proportional number of floor boxes with a total of four as the likely
maximum.
有了上述最低限度的要求后，设计须仔细考虑如何合理分布麦克风的输入点从
而使房间内的主席台处于可能的最佳位置。麦克风使用 3 针的阴性 XLR 接口。
输出线路使用 3 针的阳性 XLR 接口。当提供有线路输出的场所内含有系在一起
的线路时，提供 3 针的阳性 XLR 接口。每个墙面至少含有两个输入接口，在确
定用于主席台的地方至少有 4 个接口，这些接口都连接至混音器。内嵌式的有
线话筒插座、与普通连接用的混音器内嵌输入插座需垂直放置。在无主席台并
且墙壁上已安装的插座内无交叉路由的宴会厅内，须提供嵌壁式的盒子，每个
合资内至少有两个麦克风输入接口。在较大的宴会厅间隔内需成比例的配备嵌
壁式盒子，至多不超过 4 个。
j.
Each wall mounted input/output panel in a given room division should be equipped
with a line output fed from that room’s mixer output or the combined output of mixers
if in the “combined” configuration. A single gain control in the sound equipment room
will serve all line outputs for a given room division. A level of +4 DBM into a single
balanced input will be possible. The “line outputs” will be wired in parallel from
panel-to-panel in a given room division. Alternately, this provision may be
accommodated by the provision of two line level audio and two video tie lines from
the critical positions to the patch panels at the sound and light control booth.
在特定房间内安装有输入/输出平台的墙壁上需装备有自该房间的混音器连接而
来的输出线路，或者在“组合的”状态下的组合输出线路。音响设备室内的单
个增益控制器控制特定房间内的所有输出线路。每个均衡的输出内有 4DBM 的信
号应该是可行的。“输出线路”将在特定房间内控制板与控制板之间平行的布
放。另外，从重要位置到音响灯光控制室的插座处可提供两根视频线路和两根
音频线路。
k.
Consideration may be required for the possibility of incorporating MATV/VIDEO
cable connectors on the same panel with the sound system connectors. This is not
mandatory, but may be appropriate under certain “high concept” interior designs. In
the event such combinations are used, adequate back-box volume must be provided to
accommodate the necessary MATV splitters and video cable stiffness and
coordination between disciplines must be verified during shop drawing review with
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respect to labeling and mounting provisions as well as conduit entry point to
backboxes. Where appropriate, utilize right angle adapters or connectors to relieve
deformation at connection points.
须考虑将 MATV/VIDEO 线缆接口合并在音响系统接口的相同控制板上的可能性。
这并不是硬性规定，但在一定的“高概念”室内设计中也许是适用的。在使用
这种组合的情况下，须提供足够的盒子数量以用于必要的 MATV 分频器和视频电
缆硬度以及协调在复查商店平面图中有关标签和安装的规定与进入盒子的导管
数量之间的关系。在合适的地方，使用直角适配器以减少连接处的变形。
l.
The owner will indicate on a case-by-case basis if parallel wired audio visual
equipment control lines are required to appear at connectors on the sound system
input/out panels to support hard wired remote control provisions and if whether the
wall mounted input/out panels throughout the ballroom will have a 3-pin male XLR
type connector connected to a dedicated intercom system. These connectors will all be
wired in parallel with an intercom base station at the ballroom remote equipment rack.
The intercom system should include a minimum of two belt-packs, three headsets, and
the aforesaid base station. A two channel intercom system should be provided for
properties having multiple ballrooms.
业主需一一指出，是否平行布放的可视音频设备的控制线需要出现在音响系统
的输入/输出控制面板上接口内以支持硬线的远程控制，是否宴会厅内安装有输
入/输出控制面板的墙壁需安装连接至特定内部通信系统的 3 针阳性 XLR 接口。
这些接口须平行于宴会厅远程控制架上的内部通信系统基站布放。每个内部通
信系统应至少包括两个腰包、三副耳机以及上面所说的基站。双频道的内部通
信系统应能覆盖含有两个宴会厅的空间系统。
m. Review the impact with the Owner and operator of interference from outside sources
for wireless transmission and control equipment.
与业主和运营商一起检查外界可能对无线发射和控制设备产生作用的干扰源。
n.
The designer shall indicate on the sound system plans, and confirm on electrical plans,
a number of AC power receptacles loaded on the sound system’s dedicated power
distribution system. Generally, there should be one such receptacle in the immediate
vicinity of each input/output panel. In the event that dedicated audio visual power
receptacles are deleted as part of “value engineering”, provide for portable isolation
adapters to break audio visual cable ground connection allowing the portable
equipment to be grounded effectively to the safety ground at the receptacle and
maintaining the isolation of the audio visual ground.
设计者需在音响系统计划中指出，并在电气计划中确定专用于音响系统的电力
分配系统所需要的交流电插座的数量。总的说来，在每个输入/输出控制面板处
需要有这样一个插座。当出现可视音频电源插座被作为“价值工程”的一部分
而被去除的情况时，对独立的便携式适配器自可视音频线缆的接地线处断开，
并确保其安全接地，同时也保持可视音频接地的独立性。
o.
All sound system connections at the sound equipment room should occur through 1/4
inch tip-ring-sleeve patch bays. Microphones, microphone mixer inputs and all line
level inputs and outputs should be terminated at the patch bay and should be fully
normalled (i.e., “From” or “To” path is broken when the patch cord is inserted,
depending on which patching jack is used).
所有在音响设备室内的音响系统的连接需通过 1/4 英寸的带头部缠绕的线缆连
接至接线盒。麦克风、麦克风混音器的输入口和所有水平线路的输入输出口都
要连接至接线盒并符合一定的标准（例如，基于何种插口被使用，一旦插入线
缆“自”或“去”的路径将被打通。）
p.
Provide a compliment of distribution amplifiers and parallel connected patching jacks
sufficient to combine ballroom sections in the event of failure of the room combining
system.
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在房屋组合系统无法使用时，给每个房间间隔提供足够的功率放大器和平行排
列的插座。
q.
There will be no paging into the ballroom from outside sources.
来自外部无法向宴会厅内进行呼叫。
r.
Large ballroom prefunction areas will be considered a ballroom division for purposes
of sound system definition except:
大宴会厅准备室应当被看作用于音响设备的区域并且是宴会厅的一部分，除非
i. They will be equipped as described here for room divisions under 1250 square
feet.
分隔区少于 1250 平方英尺的照此装备
ii. Basic requirements will be according to key design paragraphs: A, C, H, I, J.
基本要求根据设计章节中的：A，C，H，I，J
s.
The Owner will indicate on a case-by-case basis if the prefunction area shall allow for
the introduction of paging when not in use as a ballroom division.
业主需一一指出当准备室不作为宴会厅的一部分时，是否需要呼叫装置。
3.17.3.3.12. Meeting Rooms Between 500 & 750 Square Feet (Per Section if Divisible):
介于 500 至 750 平方英尺的会议室（如果可分，是指每个隔间）
a. For basic sound requirements, use key design paragraphs: A, C, J.
作为基本音响要求，运用设计章节：A，C，J
b.
The meeting room should be serviced by an integrated mixer/amplifier having as a
minimum: 4 microphone inputs; 1 line input (for background music); and 1 line output.
The amplifier section should be capable of delivering at least 4 watts to each
loudspeaker in the room when loaded at 75% of its maximum output. The preamplifier
section may be provided as a separate mixer or automatic mixer if cost effective in the
design.
会议室应配备一个混音/放大一体的设备，并至少包含：4 个麦克风输入口、一
个输出口（用于背景音乐）、和一个输出口。功放需有能力在负载为 75%的情况
下，向每个扬声器提供至少 4 瓦的功率。如果考虑设计中的成本效率，前置放
大器应能作为一个独立的混音器或自动混音器。
c.
The microphone and line input level controls should be accessible to the client or staff
working in the room. This may be accomplished by installing the mixer/amplifier in a
wall mounted cabinet within the room or by using remote level controls and mounting
the mixer/amplifier in a main equipment rack. Generally, the location of the mixer
amplifier in such cases will be a matter of value engineering and interior design
coordination.
麦克风和输入线路控制器对房间内的客户或员工来说应该是可接入的。这可以
通过在房间内的墙壁上安装嵌入式的混音/功放器来实现或者将混音/功放器安
装在设备架上，通过遥控来实现。总的来说，在这种情况下，混音/功放器的位
置需由价值工程和室内设计人员来协调。
d.
Divisible meeting rooms in this category must be equipped with the means to combine
the individual room’s independent sound systems. The description for a room
combining system is similar to that for the ballrooms. If wall mounted control panels
are used, to combine the sound systems, the combination should be controlled by
means of a key switch at the control panels to prevent non authorized operation,
otherwise, combination will be by means of a control panel at the main rack.
此类中可分隔会议空间应安装有能组合独立房间音响系统的设备。对于房屋组
合气筒的描述与宴会厅相似。如果组合音响系统用的控制面板安装在墙面上，
组合过程应由控制面板上的一个按钮来实现，以避免未经授权的操作，此外，
组合过程也可以通过主机架上的控制面板来实现。
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e.
Each room should have at least two input/output panels. One panel should be located
at the likely head-table end of each room section, and one at the opposite end. The
inputs, outputs, and use of line level audio and video tie lines and control tie lines
should follow the concepts as described for ballrooms except no intercom system is
required.
每个房间至少有两个输入/输出控制面板。一个面板应处于每个房间内可能作为
主席台的位置，一个处于相对的一面。在没有内部通信系统要求的情况下，输
入口、输出口、音频/视频线的使用，控制线的使用需遵循宴会厅的设置。
f.
There will be no paging into the area from outside sources.
来自外部无法向该区域内进行呼叫。
3.17.3.3.13. Meeting Rooms Under 500 Square Feet: 500 平方英尺以下的会议室
a. For basic sound system requirements, use key design paragraphs: A, B, E, J, M, P, R.
作为基本音响要求，运用设计章节：A，B，E，J，M，P，R
b.
Each room in this category will have the capability of selecting music on, off, and
volume from within the room.
此类房间内应有选择音乐开、关和音量的功能。
c.
When such rooms are part of a divisible group of rooms, a room combining system
will be provided which selects the active volume control for a selected room group.
This switching occurs at the 70.7 volt nominal speaker level. Alternately, these rooms
may be provided with a mixer amplifier and microphone receptacles distributed
throughout the area to provide a single sound reinforcement source available at each
room.
当该房间作为可分隔组合房间的一部分时，应配备房间组合系统使其能对一个
选定的组合选择现行的音量。开关应出现在名义电压为 70.7 伏的平面上。另
外，这些房间内应配备混音/功放器以及分布于房间内的仅用于提供音乐源增强
作用的麦克风插座。
3.17.3.3.14. Entertainment Lounge: 娱乐室
a. Changing trends and the requirement for uniqueness precludes offering a close
definition of what will make up the sound systems for a particular entertainment
facility in a new property. Generally, all equipment used must be of professional
quality, with components such as mixers, amplifiers, turntables, speakers, compact
disc and laser disc players, etc. Shall be produced by major manufacturers and
accepted in the industry as being of very high quality and reliability.
变换的风格和对独特性的要求排除了为特定的娱乐场所提供音响系统相近而考
虑的可能性。总的来说，所有的设备必须是专业级的，包括混音器、功放、电
唱机、扬声器、激光唱机等。这些设备必须由大厂家制造，保有高质量和耐用
性，并为业界所接受。
b.
As support to the main live and/or dance music systems, the entertainment lounge
shall be equipped with a high quality background music system for use during the day
and as distribution of the live or dance music ambiance. For the basic requirements of
this background system, use key design paragraphs: H, K, L, M, T.
为了对主要的现场和/或舞蹈音乐系统提供支持，娱乐室应装有高质量的背景音
乐系统一供使用，并能产生良好的现场或/舞蹈音乐氛围。作为基本音响要求，
运用设计章节：H，K，L，M，T。
c.
The room should be divided into zones for the purpose of volume control.
房间应基于音量控制的考虑分割成不同区域。
d.
The background music system electronics should be located in the same rack with the
main dance and/or live sound systems.
背景音乐系统的电器设备应和主舞蹈和/或现场音乐系统在同一机架上。
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e.
There will be no paging into the entertainment lounge from outside sources.
来自外部无法向娱乐室内进行呼叫
3.17.3.4. Location of Sound System Electronics 音响系统电气设备的位置
 The sound system electronics equipment rack(s) for the central background music system will be
located “back-of-house” for operation by hotel staff.
中央背景音乐系统的音响电器设备架位于“房屋的背部”，由工作人员操作。
a. Generally, this equipment should be in the vicinity of the front desk or PBX room.
总体上，设备应位于前台或 PBX 房间的附近。
b. Alternately, this equipment may be located with the equipment serving the meeting spaces at
the control room.
另外，设备可能位于控制室内用于操控会议空间的设备旁。
c. The equipment rack must be positioned so that it may be serviced front and rear without being
moved.
另外，设备可能位于控制室内用于操控会议空间的设备旁。
d. Equipment and controls which must be available for operation include:
设备和控制器应能包括以下操作功能：
i. Volume, source and combining controls for all zones specified as being controlled from
the central rack.
从中央机架上能控制音量、声音源以及对特定区域的组合控制。
ii. Background music source equipment.
背景音乐源设备。
iii. Music source selection switches.
音乐源选择开关
iv. Patching provisions.
提供插头

The equipment racks for the ballrooms and small meeting rooms utilizing critical controls located at
the rack must be located in the vicinity of these rooms. While the microphone mixing function is
intended to be automatic, a certain amount of back and forth travel for set up and normal operation
by Engineering and/or Audio/Visual staff will inevitably be required. Furthermore, excessively long
wire runs back from the speakers and input/output panels will be avoided by proximity of the racks
to the rooms served.
用于对宴会厅和会议室进行重要操作的设备架应位于这些房间的附近。当麦克风的混音功能
是自动的时候，由工程师和/或可视/音频工作人员在安装时进行一定的前后移动和惯常操作
就是不可避免的。此外，由于机架与房间比较近，就避免了从扬声器和输入/输出控制面板
那里来回的过多的线路。

The sound system electronics for the entertainment lounge will be located in the D.J./mixing booth
and in nearby utility rooms as required. Generally, room equalization, electronic crossovers, and
power amplifiers may be appropriately located away from the D.J. booth. Extreme care should be
exercised when locating sound system racks to avoid immediate proximity to power distribution
transformers and major solid state lighting dimmer panels.
娱乐室的音响系统电器设备将位于 D.J/混音棚，并且一旁需要有设备间。总体上，房屋的均
衡器、电器的交叉线路和功率放大器需合理的位于远离 D.J 棚地方。应极力避免音响系统的
机架放置在靠近电源分配变压器和主固定灯光调光器的附近。
3.17.3.5. Control Rooms 控制室
 Location: 位置
a. In some properties, control rooms are located overlooking the main ballroom, along a wall
opposite the area used for staging. Review alternative locations for control rooms as part of the
design process, if required.
在某些建筑里，控制室位于可以俯瞰宴会厅的位置，在舞台对面的墙壁上。如果有必要
，在设计过程中检查一些其他可以用作控制室的位置。
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b.


The Control Room must be easily accessible from the function room or the ballroom,
preferably via a back-of-house path.
控制室应很容易的与宴会厅或功能室连接，最好通过后门连接。
Windows: 窗户
a. Windows must utilize glass panels of sufficient thickness or other means to provide adequate
restraint to persons falling or leaning against the window.
窗户需采用足够厚度的玻璃材质或采用其他足够的手段避免人员坠落或依靠其上。
b.
Glazing must permit undistorted light transmission and suppress noise transmission. Dual pane
glazing is not acceptable due to adverse affect on projected images.
玻璃的安装必须使光线能毫无失真的通过，而尽量限制声音的通过。为了避免在投影时
产生不良的效果，不允许安装双层玻璃。
c.
Align windows such that the center of the desired projection area is within 3 degrees of
intended projection lens axis. Align and size the opening to accommodate the use of video
projection equipment that requires the projector to be aligned with the bottom or top of image
as well as accommodating the projectors requiring an on axis alignment with the screen.
将玻璃排列在其中心角度位于可能的投影镜头轴线3度的范围内。调整开口的位置和大
小，以适应适用视频投影设备时投影仪与图像的上下对齐以及投影仪与银屏的轴线须一
致的要求。
d.
Windows serving rooms with single image screens should be a minimum of 48 inches wide to
allow the use of follow spotlights. If double image width screens are provided, set the width of
projection openings to accommodate side by side slide projection with a mixed tray of
horizontal and vertical slides at the desired image size. The bottom sill should be no more than
30 inches above finished floor with power and audio visual receptacles adjacent to the opening
for connection of portable equipment. At many ballroom areas, this dimension must often be
much lower to allow the on axis use of projection equipment due to the arrangement of the
entry from the prefunction area into the ballroom occurring under the control room for these
properties. The openings must provide a wide unobstructed view of the stage area to be
controlled from the booth.
房间内供单一图像银屏适用的窗户至少需48英尺宽以便使用跟踪灯光。如果有双图像的
银屏，须将投影窗的每一边都和需要混合投影所需的图像各边相一致。但其底部与地面
的距离应不得少于30英尺，以避免与安装有同便携式设备连接的电源和可视音频插座相
邻。在大多数宴会厅内，这个尺寸要更低一些以便在控制室内从准备室到宴会厅之间可
以使其能在同一轴线上。这个开口需能向控制棚提供一个宽阔而无遮挡的舞台视野以便
于控制。
e.
Where windows serve rooms with a fixed stage location and sufficient access exists to bring
equipment into the control room by other means, and where sufficient depth will allow follow
spot operation, fixed glazing should be considered, with the window tilted at an angle such that
the bottom of the window towards the audience creating an angle of 10 to 15 degrees from
vertical to prevent reflected light from distracting the control room operator as well as direct
the reflected sound energy towards the ceiling, away from the audience. This is not intended to
obviate openings without glazing where noise control is not a concern.
当房间内的舞台位置是固定的并且有足够的方式使设备连接至控制室以及有足够的深度
来操作跟踪灯光时，应考虑安装固定的玻璃，这时玻璃的下部应在垂直位置上向观众倾
斜10至15度以避免反射灯光对控制室内操作人员的干扰，并且将反射的声音折射向天花
板以避免超向观众。当不考虑噪音时，并不意味着要取消该玻璃的安装。
Accessories: 附件
a. Include a house phone for in-house communication.
包含有用于内部通信的电话。
b.
Include a phone with an outside line for technical support communication.
包含有用于技术支持的外部通信电话。
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c.
Include a fax/data quality phone line for modem communication for equipment monitoring,
software manipulation or repair functions.
为调制解调器提供一根传真/数据线路以便于仪器检测、软件控制或维修。
d.
The audio system, video system and lighting system controls must be available at the control
room.
控制室内应包含有视频系统、音频系统和灯光系统的控制设施。
e.
A monitor loudspeaker with input selectable from each of the major elements of the audio
system should be available at the control room.
控制室内应包含有可选择各个主要视频设备输入口的监视器扬声器。
f.
Fluorescent lighting is often provided for this area. Because the broad band light energy from
electronic ballasts may be disruptive to infrared controlled equipment, coordinate the placement
of equipment racks such that the immediate area surrounding the equipment racks is served by
incandescent lighting.
房间内应有日光灯。由于自电子整流器产生的带宽较宽的光能量可能会对红外控制的设
备产生干扰，因此调整设备架的位置以使在其周围由白炽灯照明。
g.
Incandescent lighting on a dimmer must available for use during audio visual functions where
stray light from the control room will disrupt the event.
白炽灯需有调节光亮的开关，以免在使用可视音频系统时会对其产生干扰。
3.17.3.6. Emergency and Life Safety Operation 紧急情况与生命安全操作
A. The sound systems described here are not intended to be used as life-safety systems. Alarms or
emergency paging will occur through other systems specifically designed for such use. The sound
quality and dependability of the equipment specified herein usually substantially exceeds that of the
equipment available that is approved for life safety use. As such, the fire authority may request
access to the systems as a supplement to the approved systems. Such access will be accommodated
on request, however, under no circumstances will equipment that is not approved for life safety use
be the sole means of communication. If the life safety system is interconnected to the audio visual
system, provide all volume controls and sound reinforcement systems with a non interruptible path
for the audio signal to the listener.
这里所叙述的音响系统并不是为生命安全系统所设计的。报警和紧急呼叫将通过其它专用系
统来实现。这里专用的设备的声音设备和可靠性远远超过现有的已被证明可以用作生命安装
功能的设备。同样的，消防部门也会介入此系统作为其补充。这样的介入可以根据要求来协
调，然而，无论在任何情况下未被证明可用于生命安全系统的设备都不可作为单一的通信手
段。如果生命系统与可视音频系统互相连接，所有的音量控制器和声音增强系统都应通过一
条无干扰的路径向听众传播音频信号。
B. Under certain local ordinances, it is required that all non-essential sound systems become
inoperative in the event of a life-safety alarm. The life safety consultant will verify if such
ordinances exist and apply. If so, the audio visual consultant will coordinate with the electrical
engineer to de-energize the power circuits to the equipment rack to comply with the ordinance. In
this circumstance, provide uninterrupted power supplies for all sensitive equipment that would be
damaged by sudden shutdown (it is essential that all output from power amplifiers ceases
immediately in this circumstance) and provide sequential power control to energize the appropriate
equipment in a safe manner when power is restored. To avoid unnecessary cycling of the equipment
as well as preventing shutdown of power at the time of programming of any computer controlled
equipment, if acceptable to the local building officials, the power shall not be disabled during
testing of other alarm circuits until final inspection.
基于某些当地的规定，某些不重要的音响系统在生命安全警告的情况下将不起作用。生命安
全顾问将确认这些规定是否存在和适用。如果适用，可视音频顾问应和电气工程师一起剥离
设备架上的相关电源线路以遵循这些规定。在这种情况下，为所有的敏感设备提供不可间断
的电源，以免这些设备因突然的断电而造成损坏（在这种情况下，切断所有自功放的输出是
十分必要的）并且在电力恢复供应后，在安全的模式下，提供驱动相关设备的持续的电力供
应。为了避免设备的交变负载以及避免在对某些计算机控制的设备进行编程时突然断电，经
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当地的建筑官员同意，直至最后的检查之前对其它警告线路进行测试时，不要中断电力供
应。
3.17.3.7. Standards of Acceptance for Sound System Components 音响系统元器件的验收标准
A. All equipment must be approved by one of the following:
所有的设备都应经以下其中之一的验证：
a. Underwriters Laboratories.
保险商的指定实验室
b. Local municipal testing laboratory.
当地官方的监测实验室
c. Other testing laboratories approved by or required by local building authorities.
当地建筑部门首肯的或要求的其他实验室
B. The audio visual consultant must receive prior authorization before specifying equipment which has
not been approved by one of the above. Additionally, the audio visual consultant must specify
equipment in compliance with any governing code requirements.
可视音频顾问在指定使用未经上述之一部门验证的设备之前需先得到授权。另外，可视音频
顾问须根据每一项控制标准的要求来指定设备。
C. Electronic equipment should be chosen with maximum reliability and facilitation of quick
replacement in the event of system or component failure.
所选用的电气设备应有最大的可靠性，并且在出现故障后能及时更换。
a. This impacts many of the consolidated systems approaches utilizing modular products of
different types (equalizers, mixers, amplifiers, etc.) installed in a common card frame where the
physical configuration of the component is restricted to the manufacturers architecture in lieu
of conventional 19-inch rack mount, independent chassis design.
这将对许多采用不同类型（均衡器、混音器、功放等）模块化产品的统一设备模式产生
影响，这些设备安装在通用的机架上，在那元器件的物理配置将受到独立设计的制造商
的结构的限制，通常的尺寸为 19 英寸。
b. This also applies to virtual products that are software based with the ability to manipulate the
type of device and connection via digital processing of analog input and output ports. If a
consolidated approach is used:
这也适用于一些虚拟产品，诸如基于控制设备的软件和输入输出端口为模拟的但处理过
程为数字化的连接等。如果使用统一的方式：
D. The equipment must be available to and serviceable by several vendors in the area.
设备必须在同一区域内可以从不同的供应商那里供应并提供服务。
E. The equipment function must be easily understood by engineering and lay level operators.
设备功能对于工程和操作人员必须通俗易懂。
F.
The equipment must be based on a platform that is not subject to obsolescence.
设备不允许基于陈旧过时的平台上。
G. The heat and space requirements of conventional equipment must be accommodated.
必须满足通常的设备的散热和空间要求。
H. Select equipment with a favorable minimum two year track record in similar service in a similar
environment. Deviate from this standard only when a technical problem exists with available
products that meet this standard.
最好选择那种在相似环境下提供相似服务至少两年以上记录的相关产品。只有当此类产品的
存在会产生电气问题时，再考虑其它产品。
3.17.3.8. General Construction Requirements for the Sound System 音响系统总的建筑要求
A. In new construction projects the loudspeaker systems will be served by conduit. In existing
properties, the loudspeakers and back boxes installed throughout the property for systems described
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here will be served by conduit or cable approved for direct installation without conduit. Conduit
will be provided in the event of any of the following circumstances:
在一个新的建筑工程中，管道将用于扬声器系统。在已有的建筑内，这里所描述的系统中的
扬声器和盒子的安装将通过管道或者经验证无需管道可直接安装的电缆。管道将用于以下几
种情况：
a. The property requires the use of conduit for all classes of electrical wiring.
建筑物要求对所有的电气布线都使用管道。
b. The amplifier outputs are not rated as Class II.
功放的输出为达到二类标准。
c. The speaker wire will not be accessible for service.
扬声器的线路不足以提供连接。
B. Assuming the above-mentioned restrictions do not apply, speaker wire may be run without conduit
in existing facilities for the purpose of value engineering. If such “open wiring” techniques are used,
the audio visual consultant must specify wire that complies with local fire safety regulations.
如果上述的限制不存在，扬声器的线缆的布放将基于价值工程的考虑在已有设备间不使用导
管。如果采用此种“开放式布线”，可视音频顾问必须确认此种线缆是否符合当地防火安全
的规定。
C. All low and medium level audio signal lines (i.e. microphone and line inputs), and low voltage
control cable must be run in conduit. Microphone level signals, line level signals and loudspeaker
level signals are to be run in separate conduit systems. In the case of stage type systems, it will be
acceptable to run microphone and line level signals in a common “snake” and therefore in the same
conduit if the cable construction is such that any additional crosstalk is reduced to the point where it
does not compromise the audio signal.
所有中低频的音频信号线（例如麦克风和输入线路）以及低压控制线须通过管道布放。麦克
风信号、线缆信号和扬声器信号须分别从管道中布放。在舞台类型系统的情况下，麦克风信
号和线缆信号可以布放在同一“蛇”形管道内，因此在此种管道内互相之间的串扰便不会影
响到音频信号。
D. Specify jacketed cable in a sufficient size to realize less than ten percent power loss in all systems.
Require multiple pair cables to be terminated with heat shrink insulation to keep conductors (and
their respective shield where applicable) paired to the termination point.
指定带外皮防护的电缆的确切尺寸，以使整个系统的功耗小于 10%。要求以热缩绝缘材料封
堵双绞电缆终端，使其导体（以及相关的可用护层）在终结点成对。
E. All ceiling mounted loudspeakers will be provided with enclosures.
所有安装在天花板上的扬声器须备有护套。
F.
All wall mounted receptacles and control panels will be provided with back boxes.
所有墙壁上的插座和控制面板都须装配暗盒。
G. Provide a minimum of two line level audio tie lines and two video tie lines from each group of
equipment racks to the main equipment racks, typically located at the Sound and Light Control
Booth (if provided). These tie lines should be in addition to any music distribution lines and are to
be terminated in patching facilities at each end to allow special program distribution or emergency
equipment substitution. If for budgetary or space constraint, the patching facilities are eliminated
from the provisions at any of the equipment racks remote from the control room, the tie lines are to
be extended to the rear of the equipment rack with ten feet of spare cable to be coiled, bundled,
labeled as to purpose and destination and secured within the rear of the equipment rack for
emergency or expansion use.
自每组设备架上向总设备架至少提供两路音频和两路视频信号线，特别是位于声音和灯光控
制棚的设备架（如果有的话）。这些线路应独立于所有音响布线之外，并且到连接设备为
止，同时每一端都可用于特殊的分布用途或紧急的设备更换。如果限于成本和空间要求，取
消了在远离控制室的所有设备架上所提供的这种连接设备，这些线路必须延伸至设备架的后
部，并且盘有 10 英尺的余长，捆扎好，标上用途和去向，放置在设备架的后部已备紧急使
用或延长线路。
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H. Review the impact with the Owner and the Architect, to provide video and line-level audio
receptacle assemblies within meeting and entertainment areas, interconnecting to patch panel racks
mounted at the Sound and Lighting Control Booth, augmenting the line-level tie-lines between
audio equipment rack locations to support closed circuit video for taping and distribution to
overflow areas, distribution of video images throughout the audience for larger groups via portable
projection equipment or monitors, in-house television channel feed, assisted listening system signal
distribution and teleconferencing activity.
与业主和建筑师一起检查以下项目：音频和视频的插座能在会议室和娱乐场所内安装在一
起；安装在灯光和音响控制室内连接架上的互联情况；增加音频设备架之间的连接线路以用
于支持录像用的闭环视频和向其它区域提供传播；；通过便携式投影设备或监视器向人群传
播视频影响；屋内电视频道；辅助收听系统信号的传播与电话会议。
3.17.3.9. Basic Sound System Performance 音响系统的基本性能
A. All Ballroom sound systems, unless otherwise indicated herein, shall be capable of producing 90 dB
SPL at 4 feet above floor for any seated person from any microphone or line input. The frequency
response should be +/- 5 dB from 100 HZ to 10000 HZ throughout the audience area. The system
shall be free from audible distortion and shall afford easily understandable articulation from any
microphone position.
除了特别提到的之外，所有的宴会厅音响系统都应该能够向每个在座观众在离地面 4 英尺的
高度提供来自任一麦克风和输入信号的 90dB SPL。整个听众区域的频率响应在 100 至 10000
赫兹之间应在±5dB。系统应免受其它音的干扰并且能提供自每个麦克风传来的清晰可辨的
声音。
B. All public space sound systems will be capable of producing 85 dB SPL at 5-1/2 feet above floor
for standing persons. The frequency response should be +/- 7 dB from 100 HZ to 7000 HZ. The
system shall be free from audible distortion and (where paging is required) shall provide easily
understood paging and “pleasant” musical quality from the same system equalization.
所有公共区域内的音响系统能够向站立的听众在 5 英尺半的高度上提供 85dB SPL。频率响
应在 100 至 10000 赫兹之间应在±7dB。系统应免受其它音的干扰并且（在有呼叫系统的地
方）能提供清晰可辨的呼叫音以及从相同系统所传递出的悦耳的音乐。
C. Coordinate placement of loudspeakers in corridors and primary travel paths through lobby areas to
provide a maximum level deviation of +2dB, -4dB from 100Hz to 4000Hz in the direction of travel.
This parameter is to be measured relative to the overall frequency response criteria above. The
desired result is that the listeners do not perceive the level deviation as they travel through the area,
however, the travel path can be in a “fringe coverage” area where high frequency coverage is
compromised equally throughout the travel path.
调整位于走廊和连接大堂的主要通道中的扬声器的位置，使其在通道的位置上能提供在 100
至 10000 赫兹之间最大+2dB -4dB 的频率响应。这一参数也需符合上述的频率响应的规定。
最理想的结果是听众在通过上述区域时感觉不到音响的差别。然而，由于通道可能处在“边
缘覆盖”区域，这时高频信号便会沿着通道而衰减。
D. Appearance and location of panels shall be as follows:
控制面板的位置应遵循以下规定：
1. Input/output panels shall be mounted at the same height as AC power receptacles.
输入/输出控制板应与交流电源插座安装在同一高度。
2. Volume control panels shall be mounted at the same height as lighting controls unless
concealment provisions dictate otherwise. The control labeling must be readable and the
controls readily accessible.
除了指明须安装在隐蔽处，音量开关应和灯光控制器安装在同一高度。控制的标签应清
晰，控制器能随时可用。
3. All panels visible to the public or client should be made from black anodized aluminum plate at
least .125 inches thick, or of similar thickness brushed finish brass, bronze or stainless steel to
compliment the interior design, and engraved with the necessary labeling.
所有对公众和客人可见的面板都应使用至少0.125英寸厚度的黑色镀铝板，或相近厚度
的铜、不锈钢等材料以配合室内装潢的风格，并且进行适当的修饰。
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4.
5.
6.
Panels not normally visible to the public or client may utilize anodized black aluminum or
brushed stainless steel finish.
对公众或客人不经常可见的面板应使用黑色镀铝或不锈钢材料。
Engraved labels will be directly engraved and filled in contrasting enamel.
修饰应直接用差别明显的涂料填充和装饰。
Coordinate receptacles and control panel locations with the wall construction and other
receptacle assemblies and panels as indicated by the Interior Designer on the elevation
drawings. Coordinate and verify the subsequent documentation of the nature and location of all
electrical power provisions for audio visual systems on the electrical plans. Include the
associated grounding, electrical load and demand factor in coordination efforts.
根据室内装饰人员在图纸上的标识调整墙面上的插座和控制面板的位置以及其它所安装
的插座和面板。根据电气设计的计划，在竣工文件上调整并确认可视音频系统的电源原
有和实际的位置。协调工作还包括联合接地、电气负载和需求因素等。
E. Appearance of Loudspeakers 扬声器的外观
1. Distributed speakers will usually be mounted in the accessible areas of the ceiling wherever
possible. Spacing should be arranged to provide even coverage throughout the audience area
while maintaining an aesthetic or unobtrusive relationship with the ceiling architecture and
other elements.
扬声器应安装在天花板可够及的位置上。在保持天花板建筑和其它因素的美学效果或不
产生唐突感觉的情况下，扬声器的空间布置应能保证向听众提供相同的效果。
2. Loudspeaker grilles should be white or painted to match ceiling.
扬声器的护栏应漆成白色或与天花板相近的颜色。
3. For general applications, loudspeaker grilles should be round. However, square grilles may be
the only product available for larger diameter speakers, or where the required integration with
the interior design dictates a square grille. Where available for the given loudspeaker type, and
a square grille is to be selected, specify a grille/enclosure assembly that allows alignment of the
grille to adjacent surfaces after the enclosure is roughed in.
通常情况下，护栏是弯曲的。然而，体积较大的扬声器的护栏可能只有方的，或者内部
装潢要求使用方形的护栏。当对于指定型号的扬声器已经选择了方形的护栏时，确定护
栏/套筒的安装，以使套筒安装后护栏能和邻近的天花板相一致。
4. Coordinate the location of loudspeaker devices with the acoustical environment, layout at
partitioned spaces must accommodate the various room configuration of without disruption of
the sound coverage when the partitions are removed and replaced.
根据声音的环境调整扬声器设备的位置，划定分隔区域的安排须使每个房间的设置在分
隔取走和存在时不影响整个声音的传播。
3.17.3.10. Key to Sound System Design Guidelines 音响系统设计大纲的要点
A. The area shall be covered by distributed loudspeakers serviced by one or more independent power
amplifiers having a nominal 70.7 Volt output.
扬声器的分布应覆盖整个区域，扬声器由一个或多个输出电压为 70.7 伏功放驱动。
B. The loudspeakers shall be 6" to 8" nominal diameter, coaxial type. Each loudspeaker shall be
equipped with a 70.7 volt to 8 OHM line transformer with power taps from .5 to 8 watts and must
be mounted in a back-box.
扬声器直径的应为 6 至 8 英寸，类型为同轴。每个扬声器须配备连接至变压器的 70.7 伏、8
欧姆线路，功率为 0.5 至 8 瓦。扬声器必须安装在暗盒内。
C. The loudspeakers shall be 8" nominal diameter coaxial type. Each loudspeaker must be equipped
with a 70.7 volt to 8 OHM line transformer with power taps from to 15 watts. Loudspeakers must
be mounted in back-boxes of approximately one cubic foot volume.
扬声器的直径为 8 英寸，同轴类型。每个扬声器须配备连接至变压器的 70.7 伏、8 欧姆线
路，功率为 15 瓦。扬声器必须安装在体积大约为一个立方英尺的暗盒内。
D. The loudspeakers shall be 12" nominal diameter coaxial type mounted in a three to four cubic foot
enclosure. Each loudspeaker must be provided with 70.7 volt to 8 OHM line transformer with
power taps of 4 to 60 watts.
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扬声器直径为 12 英寸，同轴类型的应安装在体积为 3 至 4 立方英寸的暗盒内。每个扬声器
须配备连接至变压器的 70.7 伏、8 欧姆线路，功率为 4 至 60 瓦。
E. Loudspeakers of 4" nominal diameter with similar transformer requirements may be substituted for
cosmetic/aesthetic considerations if performance requirements are met. Generally, this substitution
will not be considered value-engineering. Loudspeakers will be mounted in back-boxes.
直径为 4 英寸的扬声器的变压器要求与前相似，在满足性能要求的前提下，这些扬声器可能
基于装饰/美学的考虑而被替换。总的来说，这种替换并不是基于价值工程的考虑。扬声器
将被安装在暗盒中。
F.
Loudspeakers exposed to direct contact with rain, sprinklers, or hosing overspray will have
diaphragms and baffles impervious to water. Utilize stainless steel or plastic loudspeaker grille
products with minimum open area of not less than 40%.
那些直接暴露在雨水、喷淋装置、洒水管下的扬声器应用隔离物阻隔水的溅入。使用不锈钢
或塑料扬声器护栏的产品，其最小开口不应少于 40%。
Loudspeakers exposed to high humidity or foggy environments must be provided with moisture
resistant diaphragms and loudspeaker baffles. Utilize stainless steel or plastic loudspeaker grille
products with minimum open area of not less than 40%.
那些接触高潮湿度或雾气环境下的扬声器应配备防潮的阻隔物和扬声器护栏。使用不锈钢或
塑料扬声器护栏的产品，其最小开口不应少于 40%。
G. The area shall be provided with a dedicated power amplifier.
这些区域应使用专用的功放。
H. The area shall have a dedicated channel of 1/3 octave equalization.
这些区域应使用 1/3 倍频率均衡频道。
I.
The Music for the area shall be selectable between multiple sources at the central sound system
equipment rack. Generally, areas of similar usage will be grouped together for music selection and
switched as a group. The music source shall be licensed and provided in one of the following
formats; outside source licensed broadcast background music (satellite dish or SCA receiver), large
capacity (50 or more discs) compact disc changer with computer control and software, or carousel
type compact disc changers. Advise the operator of royalty requirements in written form at the
beginning of coordination and again within 30 days of scheduled opening.
这些区域的音乐应能从中央音响系统设备架上的多种来源中选择。总的来说，相似用途的区
域应组合在一起进行音乐选择，同时受一个开关控制。 音乐源需通过以下经过允许的方式
来提供：经允许的外来的广播背景音乐源（卫星天线或 SCA 接收器）、由计算机或软件控制
的大容量的（50 张或以上）激光唱机。在协调的初期以及开业的 30 天内，建议运营商用文
字的方式落实版税问题。
J.
The Music for the area will be selectable or changeable by local staff. The music source must be
licensed and provided in one of the following formats; outside source licensed broadcast
background music (satellite dish or SCA receiver), live musicians or carousel type compact disc
changers. Advise the operator of royalty requirements, in written form at the beginning of
coordination and again within 30 days of scheduled opening.
本地员工应能选择和更改区域内的音乐。音乐源需通过以下经过允许的方式来提供：经允许
的外来的广播背景音乐源（卫星天线或 SCA 接收器）、现场演奏者或酒会用的激光唱机。在
协调的初期以及开业的 30 天内，建议运营商用文字的方式落实版税问题。
K. The volume control for the area must be located at the central sound system equipment rack or in an
adjacent non-public location.
此区域内的音量控制应位于中央音响系统设备架上或邻近的非公共的位置。
L. The volume control for the area must be located within the zone for control by local staff.
区域内应有供员工使用的音量控制设备。
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M. If the property is provided with paging, the volume control shall incorporate an override relay
allowing the volume for paging to be independent of the central or local music volume control.
如果建筑物内提供呼叫功能，音量控制设备应合成在压制继电器中，允许呼叫功能的音量控
制能独立于中央或本地的音量控制设备。
N. The area will be equalized with one-third octave band equalization which may be shared with other
areas on the same music and/or paging zone having similar speaker type.
此区域将采用三分之一倍频率均衡模式，使其能和其他区域共享相同的音乐和/或相似扬声
器类型的呼叫区域。
O. Utilize waterproof loudspeakers and enclosures where installed in ground-level planters.
当安装在种植园中时，扬声器应采用防水类型和加装护套。
P. The Owner will define paging function according to one of the following descriptions:
业主应根据以下其中之一的描述来定义呼叫功能：
i. No paging service is required. In this event, do not incorporate Paragraph M.
不需要呼叫功能。在这种情况下，不需要使用章节 M。
ii. Paging will be by telephone operator and/or bell desk.
通过电话接线生和/或台上铃声来呼叫。
iii. Paging in a specific area is required, via local microphone or via the telephone system.
在某些特定的区域需要呼叫功能，通过本地麦克风或本地电话实现。
Q. The area will have a dedicated channel of at least octave band equalization.
区域内至少含有一个倍频率频道。
R. The area may share power amplifiers with other areas on the same music and/or paging zone having
similar speaker type. However, volume control must be independent.
本区域能和其他区域共享相同的音乐和/或相似扬声器类型的呼叫区域共享一个功放。但
是，音量控制必须是独立的。
S.
The loudspeakers will be as described in paragraph C or D.
扬声器如章节 C 或 D 中所述。
T. The power amplifiers will be professional quality for use with direct coupled, low impedance (4 to
8 Ohm) speaker loads.
使用专业的功放器以适应直接耦合的、低阻抗（4 至 8 欧姆）的扬声器负载。
3.17.3.11. Coordination to Interface to Audio Visual Systems 可视音频系统界面的协调
A. Coordinate distribution of programming originating from meeting spaces or live entertainment on
the television systems to the public areas, guestrooms or both.
协调来自会议室或电视系统内现场娱乐节目，将其传播到公共场所、会客厅或两者都有。
B. Coordinate position of television and telephone outlets in meeting spaces, entertainment areas and
other public spaces served by the Audio Visual Systems such that the receptacles are adjacent to the
AV and power receptacles.
在有可视音频系统的会议室、娱乐场所、公共区域内协调电视与电话插座同邻近的电源和
AV 插座的位置。
3.17.3.12. As-Built Documentation by Contractor 分包商的竣工文件
A. Upon completion of installation, the sound contractor must provide property operations with four (4)
sets of as-built drawings and one (1) set of mylar reproducible consisting of:
安装完成后，音响分包商应提供关于对建筑物改动的 4 套竣工图纸和 1 套可复写的聚酯材
料，包括：
a. Single line block diagrams.
单线的方框流程图
b. Schematics, test data and shop drawings of any custom-built electronics and assemblies.
所有按规定安装的电器设备和集线装置的图表，测试数据和店铺平面图。
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c.
d.
e.
f.
Floor and reflected ceiling plans with as-built wiring diagrams.
标有竣工布线图表的地板或反射天花板。
Rack details showing positions of all components.
表明所有设备详情的机架说明。
Settings of all programmed controls, where the marking of the setting at the control is
impractical, copies of all software and copyright release for software that is project specific.
在无法标记控制器设定的地方，设定所有可编程的控制器、标明所有软件的复制件和
软件的版权。
System Operation manuals (four sets required) including manufacturer’s operating manuals
as well as lay-level operating instructions for all systems.
系统操作手册（需要 4 套），包括制造商的操作手册和所有系统的操作指令。
3.17.3.13. Projection Screens 投影屏幕
A. Screen size shall be determined by dividing the distance from the screen to furthest viewer by six
for vertical dimension for single image presentations.
在单一画面的情况下，屏幕大小的垂直尺寸应为屏幕至最远观众距离的六分之一。
B. The screen should be rectangular, twice as wide as tall if possible, in order to accommodate HDTV
and side by side slide formats with minimal lost image area
屏幕形状为长方形，如果可能长应是宽的两倍。此举视为了在播放 HDTV 和幻灯片时，尽可
能多的显示原有的图像。
C. Provide electrically operated screens.
提供电动的屏幕。
D. Controls for the screens should be located at the same level as lighting controls and in any adjacent
or connecting control room if a control room is provided.
屏幕的控制设备应和灯光控制器在同一水平上，如果附近有控制室，应连接到控制室。
E. Screens are to be installed such that the bottom of the open screen is not less than 4' from audience
floor.
屏幕的底部应离地面不少于 4 英寸。
F.
Screens must be built-in and permanent to support primary head table locations. Additional screens
should be available as part of the portable equipment pool to accommodate non-standard
configurations and rear projection requirements.
屏幕应永久固定的位于主席台的位置后。 附加的屏幕应作为便携式设备的一部分以适应非
标准的设置和向后投影的需要。
G. The distance from the screen to the front row of seats is to be at least that required for the top of
screen to be seen from the front row with a maximum upward look angle of 15 degrees above
horizontal.
屏幕与第一排位置的距离应至少满足第一排观众在不大于 15 度仰角的情况下能见到屏幕的
最上端的要求。
3.17.3.14. Board Rooms, Seminar Theaters and Lecture Halls 会议室、研讨专区和演讲厅
A. Review options with Owner with respect to:
与业主就以下相关选项进行检查：
a. Permanent and portable teleconferencing systems.
永久的和便携式电话会议系统。
b. Permanent and portable video projection systems and appropriate data display capability.
永久的和便携式视频投影系统以及相关的数据显示功能。
c. Sightlines, available vertical distance between rows and ADA compliance with slope
requirements for accessibility in seminar theaters and lecture halls.
在研究室和演讲厅内能实现的关于视线、排与排之间的直线距离以及ADA关于坡度的
规定。
d. Provide Assisted Listening Systems at seminar theaters and lecture halls.
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e.
f.
g.
在研究室和演讲厅内提供辅助收听系统。
In seminar theaters and lecture halls with a contiguous writing surface, provide a pathway for
temporary cabling, allowing the networking of the laptop computers of the audience and the
lecturer on a portable basis. Coordinate power provisions for laptop computer power supplies
as well as coordination with telephone system connection points for access to on-line
services.
在研究室和演讲厅内提供座椅邻近的手写板，为临时布线提供路由，为听众和演讲者
的便携式电脑提供方便的网络连接。为便携式电脑提供电源以及为电话系统提供连接
点以便于提供在线服务。
In seminar theaters and lecture halls and board rooms equipped with permanent
teleconferencing, provide a remote control system as well as a compliment of basic A/V
equipment (VCR, Laser Disc Player, C.D. Player, etc.) for presentation use. Provide at least
one RGBS input with a portable adapter system to interface up to 1024 x 768 minimum
resolution Macintosh and EBM platform displays.
在会议室、研究室和演讲厅内提供永久的电话会议系统，提供远程控制系统以及为讲
演用的基本 A/V 设备（录像机、镭射影碟机、激光唱机等）。提供一个至少能支持
1024×768 分辨率的基于 Macintosh 和 IBM 平台的便携式视频输入口。
Ability to connect to outside broadcasting.
可与外部广播相连。
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3.18.
GENERAL 概述
3.18.1. GENERAL 概述
The purpose of this standard is to aid project design engineers to achieve a uniform and consistent
approach in specifying the electrical services installation to produce a safe environment for the
occupants of hotels throughout the world.
本标准的目的是为了帮助项目设计工程师在确定电器安装服务时能保持一致性和连续性，为酒
店内来自各地的居住者提供一个安全的环境。
It is not the purpose of this document to prevent innovative design or the introduction of new technology,
but where this is proposed, exact details of such variations from the standards must be submitted to IHG
for their approval.
本标准的目的并不是为了阻碍创新的设计和新技术的引进，但一旦被提及，这些细节中不符合
标准的部分须经过 IHG 的同意。
Where local governmental codes of practice or statutory instruments require alternative or more
stringent requirements, these must be complied with by the designer. In this case IHG should be notified,
in writing, of any variance from this standard, the reasons for the change, and a full description of the
variations prior to implementation of the changes.
如果当地政府的标准或法令内包含另外的或更为严厉的规定，设计者必须遵从。在这种情况下
需向 IHG 通报不一致的部分，为什么做如此改动，以及在实施这些变化之前对所有的细节的描
述。
The final approval of the design of the electrical installation rests with IHG.
电气安装部分的最终决定权在 IHG。
3.18.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The following table 3.18.2A lists standard abbreviations use throughout the text. Particular technical
abbreviations are explained in the body of the text.
下面所示的表 3.18.2A 列出了文中所需的缩写字母的含义。特殊的技术标准的缩写的含义将在
文章中解释。
Table 3.18.2A - Standard Abbreviations 标准缩写
Abbreviations
Description
缩写
描述
A
Amps
安培
ACB
Air Circuit Breaker
空气开关
ACS
Access Control System
接入控制系统
AN/AF
Air Natural/Air Forced
自然风/强制风
ANSI
American National Standards Institution
美国国家标准组织
AV
Audio Visual
可视音频
BIL
Basic Insulation Level
基本绝缘
BMS
Building Management System
楼宇管理系统
BS
British Standards
英国标准
BSEN
British Standard European Number
英国标准欧洲代码
CCTV
Closed Circuit Television
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Abbreviations
缩写
CIE
Cos 
CT
DAT
dBA
DIN
EIA
EPOS
ESC
FAA
FAA AC
FCC
FDB
GDT
GRP
HV
HVAC
Hz
ICAO
IHG
ID
IDS
IEC
IP
kB
kV
kVA
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Description
描述
闭路电视
Commissione Internationale Electrotechnique (IEC)
国际电器委员会（IEC）
Power Factor
功率因子
Current Transformer
电流变压器
Direct Acting Tripcoil
直接作用的过桥线路
Decibels (A Rating)
分贝
Deutsche Industri Norm
德国工业规范
Electronics Industry Association
电气工业协会
Electronic Point of Sale
电子售银机
Electrical Supply Company
电力供应公司
Federal Aviation Authority
联邦航空局
Federal Aviation Authority Advisory Circular
联邦航空局顾问团
Fire Command Centre
火警指挥中心
Fire Defence Brief
防火纲要
Graphic Display terminal
图形显示终端
Glass Reinforced Plastic
玻璃强化塑料
High Voltage
高电压
Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning
取暖、通风和空调
Hertz
赫兹
International Civil Aviation Organisation
国际民用航空组织
Intercontinental Hotels Group
国际酒店集团
Identity
身份
Intruder Detection System
入侵检测系统
International Electrio-Technical commission
国际电工委员会
Index of Protection
保护索引
kilo Byte
千字节
kilo Volt
千伏
kilo Volt – Amps
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Abbreviations
缩写
kVAh
kVAr
kW
kWh
kWhr
LED
LSF
LSS
LV
mA
MATV
MB
MCB
MCC
MCCB
MCP
md
MICC
MV
MVA
NR
PC
PCB
PVC
RAM
RCD
RRP
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Description
描述
千伏安
kilo Volt Amps – Hours
千伏安小时
kilo Volt Amps (Reactive)
千伏安（无功）
kilo Watts
千瓦
kilo Watt Hour
千瓦时
kilo Watt Hour (Reactive)
千瓦时（无功）
Light Emitting Diode
发光二极管
Low Smoke and Fume
低烟雾
Life Safety System
生命安全系统
Low Voltage
低电压
milli Amps
毫安
Master Antenna Television
主天线电视
Mega Byte
百万字节
Miniature Circuit Breaker
型电路断路器
Motor Control Centre
电动机控制中心
Moulded Case Circuit Breaker
模块断路器
Main Control Panel
主控制面板
Maximum Demand
最大需求
Mineral Insulated Copper Covered Cable
矿石绝缘裹铜电缆
Medium Voltage
中电压
Mega Volt Amps
百万伏安
Noise Rating
噪音分级
Personal Computer
个人电脑
Poly-Chlorinated Bi-Phenol
聚氯乙酚
Poly Vnyl Chloride
聚氯乙烯
Random Access Memory
随机储存器
Residual Current Device
残余电流设备
Remote Repeater Panel
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Abbreviations
缩写
SWA
SF6
TIA
TFL
TV
UL
UPS
V
VDU
VT
W
WC
W/m²
XLPE
Description
描述
远程控制分面板
Steel Wire Armoured
铠装钢缆
Sulphur Hexa Fluoride
六氟化硫
Telecommunications Industry Association
电信工业协会
Time Fuse Link
时间熔断连接
Television
电视
Underwriters Laboratory
保险商实验室
Uninterruptible Power Supply
不间断电源
Volts
伏特
Visual Display Unit
视频显示单元
Voltage Transformer
电压变压器
Watts
瓦
Water Closet
厕所
Watts Per Square Metre
瓦特每平方米
Cross Linked Poly-Ethylene
交联聚乙烯
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions shall apply.
基于本项标准，使用以下定义。
CRITICAL
Necessary for hotel operation but not life threatening
酒店运营必须但不危及生命
ESSENTIAL
Necessary for life safety
生命安全必须
LV
Low voltage (<1000V)
低电压（低于 1000 伏）
MV
Medium voltage (1000V - 35kV)
中电压（1000 伏至 35 千伏）
HV
High voltage (>35kV)
高电压（35 千伏以上）
3.18.3. SPECIFICATION &APPLICATION GUIDE 规定及要求指南
3.18.3.1. Labeling: 标识
All switchgear items, distribution panels, panelboards, rising busbars, etc, should be labeled with their
identification reference, equipment/area served, identification of feeder switch or circuit breaker, and a
warning notice (eg, DANGER - 415V).
所有开关设备、分布的控制面板、仪表板、母排等都必须标明使用信息、对应的设备/区域、馈
线开关/断路器的信息和一个警告标识（如，危险-415 伏）。
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The labels should consist of engraved phenolic laminate and be securely fixed to the equipment
enclosure with screws, bolts or rivets.
标识应有修饰性的石炭酸盘组成并且用螺丝、螺钉、铆钉等牢固的固定在设备外壳处。
All cables should be identified at both terminations and in the case of armoured cabled within 2m of
either side of a change of direction. All conductors should be separately identified at terminations.
Cables should be marked with a proprietary labeling system consisting of numbered ferrules fixed to the
cable by means of a plastic covered metallic band around the cable.
线缆的两端都必须有标识，铠装电缆转弯处的两端 2 厘米范围内也要有标识。所有导体都必须
在终端处分别标识。电缆应该通过一个所有权标识系统来进行标记，此系统通过安装标有数字
的塑料覆盖的金属环在电缆上实现。
Panelboards should be provided with a printed circuit chart retained within a plastic cover fixed inside
the panelboard lid.
仪表板应在其内部安装有塑料覆盖的印刷线路记录纸。
A copy of the main distribution diagram, enclosed in plastic laminate should be wall mounted inside
each switchroom, together with a plastic laminated sheet detailing actions to be taken in the event of
electric shock,
在每个开关室内应配备塑料压膜的分布图表复制图，并且备有一张塑料压膜的单子，写明在遭
受电击的情况如何应对。
All doors to switchrooms, riser cupboards, etc, should be labeled ‘KEEP LOCKED - NO
UNAUTHORISED ENTRY’.
所有通向开关室的门、升降碗橱应贴上：“门已上锁，未经允许不得入内”的标识。
Main distribution switchboards shall have rubber mats installed immediately in front of the switchboard
to protect the user.
为了保护使用者，主分布接线总机前应安装上橡胶垫子。
Emergency equipment such as non-conductive hook, rubber gloves and first aid kit shall be installed at
entry to room.
紧急设备比如不导电的钩子、橡胶手套、急救箱等应安装在房间的入口处。
3.18.3.2. Mounting Heights 安装高度
Standard mounting heights to the centreline of wiring devices, bracket lights, clocks and other electric
outlets above the finished floor should be as follows:
自地板至线缆设备、高架灯光、钟及其他电气插座的中心线的标准安装高度如下：

Convenience receptacles, telephones, radio, microphone and TV outlets
便捷用的插座，电话、无线电、麦克风和电视插座

Wall switches
墙壁上的开关

230mm
Receptacles in service and work areas
1350mm
1220mm
在服务和工作区内的插座

Clock outlets (Back of the house)
2290mm
考勤出口（后勤区）

Decorative wall brackets
1830mm
墙壁架子

Volume controls
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音量控制

Manual dimmer knobs and remote dimmer controllers
手动调光钮和遥控调光控制器

Wall mounted telephones
1220mm
1370mm
壁挂式电话机

Fire alarm pull station
1220mm
火灾警告设备

Thermostats
1500mm
温度调节器

Guest room bathroom fluorescent lighting fixture shall be wall mounted between top of mirror and
ceiling. Two lamps and two circuits shall be included.
客房浴室荧光灯设备应安装于镜子上端和天花板之间的墙壁上，包含两盏灯和两个开关。
All mounting heights should be confirmed with the architect/interior designer.
所有的安装高度都须经过建筑师/室内装潢人员的确认。
3.18.4. SPARE PARTS 零件
Sufficient spares for the cable labeling system should be kept in stock to allow for labeling all
foreseeable future additional cable, together with an allowance for replacement of lost or damaged labels.
应储藏有足够的用于标识系统的零件，已被在可预知的将来为新增加的线缆进行标识，同时以
为了能替换丢失或损坏的标识。
In general, the design engineer should assess the requirement for stocking spare parts in consideration of
the criticality of maintaining operation of plant and the likely down-time to be expected while awaiting
deliveries.
总的来说，设计者应考虑在维持操作和相关的故障时刻，因等待零件的供应而可能造成的危
害。
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SECTION 4 – ELEVATORS
4) ELEVATORS
电梯
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4.1.
ELEVATORS 电梯 ..................................................................................................................... 226
4.1.1
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 226
4.1.2
RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE 其它地方指定的相关工作 ....... 226
4.1.2.1 Legal Hoistway and Pit: 合法的电梯井道和底坑 ................................................. 226
4.1.2.2 Legal Machine Room: 合法机房 ............................................................................ 227
4.1.2.3 Electrical Service, Conductors and Devices: 电器保养、管理和设备 .................. 227
4.1.2.4 Standby Power Provision Emergency Generator: 备用应急发电机 ...................... 227
4.1.2.5 Regulatory Agency Compliance: 管理机构遵循的原则 ....................................... 228
4.1.2.6 Permit, Test and Inspection: 许可、测试和检查 ................................................... 228
4.1.2.7 Warranty: 担保 ....................................................................................................... 228
4.1.2.8 Maintenance 维护 ................................................................................................... 228
4.1.3
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 229
4.1.4
PRODUCT STANDARDS 产品标准 .................................................................... 230
4.1.4.1 Traveling Cables: 滑动电缆 ................................................................................... 230
4.1.5
ELEVATOR APPLICATIONS 电梯应用 ............................................................. 231
4.1.5.1 Preferred Elevator Applications: 首选电梯应用 .................................................... 231
4.1.5.2 Escalator Applications: 电动扶梯应用................................................................... 231
4.1.6
ELEVATOR EQUIPMENT STANDARDS 电梯设备标准 .................................. 232
4.1.6.1 Acceptable Contractors: 获准的承包商 ................................................................. 232
4.1.6.2 Traction Machine Room Equipment: 牵引机房设备 ............................................. 232
4.1.6.3 Signals: 信号 ........................................................................................................... 232
4.1.6.4 Intercom And Distress System: 对讲器和遇险报警系统 ...................................... 234
4.1.7
ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS 电梯控制系统 ............................................ 234
4.1.7.1 Group Automatic Operation: 电梯组自动操作 ...................................................... 234
4.1.7.2 Duplex Selective Collective Operation: 双选择集体运转 ..................................... 234
4.1.7.3 Simplex Selective Collective: 单选择集体 ............................................................ 235
4.1.7.4 Special Operations: 特殊操作 ................................................................................ 235
4.1.7.5 Standby Power: 备用电力 ...................................................................................... 235
4.1.7.6 Fireman’s Emergency: 消防紧急状态 ................................................................... 236
4.1.7.7 Card Reader Access, if required: 如果需要，配置读卡器 .................................... 236
4.1.7.8 Earthquake Emergency, if required: 如果需要，可配备地震紧急操作按钮 ....... 236
4.1.7.9 Auto-Return, Hydraulic Elevators only: 自动返回, 只适用于液压电梯 ............... 236
4.1.7.10Door Hold, Service Elevators only: 门常开, 只适用于维修电梯 ......................... 236
4.1.8
ELEVATOR PERFOMANCE STANDARDS 电梯性能标准 .............................. 236
4.1.8.1 Running Speed: 运行速度 ...................................................................................... 237
4.1.8.2 Capacity: 容量 ........................................................................................................ 237
4.1.8.3 Stopping Zone: 停靠区 ........................................................................................... 237
4.1.8.4 Door Opening Time: 开门时间 .............................................................................. 237
4.1.8.5 Door Closing Time: 关门时间................................................................................ 237
4.1.8.6 Door Dwell Time; Car Call: 开门停留时间；轿厢呼叫 ....................................... 237
4.1.8.7 Door Dwell Time; Lobby Call: 开门停留时间；大厅呼叫 .................................. 237
4.1.8.8 Non Interference Door Dwell Time: 非冲突门停留时间 ...................................... 237
4.1.8.9 Door Nudging Dwell Time: 门在轻推后的停留时间............................................ 237
4.1.8.10Door Closing Pressure: 关门压力 .......................................................................... 237
4.1.8.11Floor-to-Floor Performance Time: 楼层到楼层的运行时间 ................................ 237
4.1.8.12Ride Quality: 乘坐质量 ......................................................................................... 238
4.1.8.13Airborne Noise: 空气传播的噪声 ......................................................................... 238
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4.1.9
ESCALATOR STANDARDS 电动扶梯标准 ....................................................... 238
4.1.9.1 System Description: 系统描述 ............................................................................... 238
4.1.9.2 Truss and Truss Equipment: 构架和构架设备 ....................................................... 238
4.1.9.3 Safety Equipment: 安全设备 .................................................................................. 240
4.1.9.4 Moving Equipment: 移动设备................................................................................ 240
4.1.9.5 Exposed Construction: 露天建筑 ........................................................................... 241
4.1.10
INSTALLATION 安装 ........................................................................................... 242
4.1.11
FIELD QUALITY CONTROL 现场质量控制 ...................................................... 242
4.1.12 ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION AND TESTS 接受检查和测试 ........................... 242
4.1.12.1General: 概述 ......................................................................................................... 242
4.1.12.2Performance Guarantee: 性能保证 ........................................................................ 243
4.1.13
PURCHASER’S INFORMATION 买方信息 ........................................................ 244
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SECTION 4 – ELEVATORS
4.1.
ELEVATORS 电梯
4.1.1
GENERAL 概述
Specifications for vertical transportation installations shall provide that at the time of the completion of
the Hotel and the beginning of its operation, the elevators and/or escalators shall be completely adjusted
and checked out, approved by local authorities and in first class operating condition. Commissioning
reports are to be handed over in accordance with procedures as described in the annex of this section.
垂直运输设备的说明书应该规定：在酒店完工和开始运转时，应完成电梯和电动扶梯的调节和检
查，并得到地方主管当局核准，和使之处在最佳的运转情况中。提交的试运转报告应与本段附录
中所描述的相关手续一致。
All proposals for elevator installations shall include a statement giving full information regarding the
service organization of the manufacturer in the city in which the Hotel is located.
对电梯安装的所有建议将包括一份声明，给出酒店所在城市该厂商服务组织的全部信息。
Tenders shall also include a firm proposal for a full maintenance contract, providing 24-hour, seven-daya-week call-back service, including regular inspection, adjustment and lubrication, and repair and/or
replacement of all mechanical and electrical parts, to maintain elevators in a proper and safe operating
condition once the guarantee period expires.
标书还将包括一份对所有维修合同的公司提议, 提供一天 24 小时、一周七天的回电服务，包括
定期检查、调整和润滑，以及修理和/或更换机械零件和电器零件，以保证电梯在保修期满之
后，仍能在适当和安全条件下运转。
The Elevator Contractor shall guarantee the installation for a period of one year from the date of
acceptance. For the first three months of this guarantee and maintenance period, the Contractor shall
provide continuous standby service.
自合同日起，电梯承包商将提供一年的安装包质期。在此保证和维修期的前 3 个月，承包商将提
供连续的随叫随到的服务。
4.1.2
RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE 其它地方指定的相关工作
4.1.2.1 Legal Hoistway and Pit: 合法的电梯井道和底坑
Clear, plumb, substantially flush hoistway with variations not to exceed 25mm at any point.
清洁、垂直、非常齐平的电梯井道，于任何一点变化均不超过 25 毫米。
Bevel cants not less than 75º with the horizontal on any rear or side wall ledges and beams that project
or recess 20mm or more into the hoistway.
后墙和侧墙的壁架和梁，与水平面相交角度不小于 75º，它们凸出或凹进电梯井道的尺寸大于 20
毫米。
Divider beams between adjacent elevators at each floor, pit and overhead. Building supports not to
exceed deflection of 6mm.
在每一楼层、底坑和顶上，两个相邻电梯之间都有隔梁。建筑支柱的偏差不超过 6 毫米。
Wall pockets and/or structural beams for support of machine, sheave, and dead-end hitch beams.
Support beam deflection shall not exceed 1/1666 of span under static load.
墙洞和/或结构梁用于支撑机器、滑车轮及死钩梁。在静态负载下，支撑梁的偏差不超过跨度的
1/1666。
Hoistway venting or pressurization to prevent accumulation of smoke and gas as required by Local
Building Code.
如果地方建筑法规规定，应为电梯井道建造通风或增压装置，以免烟和有害气体积累。
Hoistway lighting, as may be required by Code.
电梯井道照明，按地方法规要求执行。
Waterproofed pits with sumps.
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要建有污水渗井的底坑。
4.1.2.2 Legal Machine Room: 合法机房
Constant cooling and heating to maintain temperature range between 18°C and 32°C. Maximum relative
humidity 90% non-condensing.
持续制冷和加热以维持温度在 18°C 和 32°C 之间。最大相对湿度为 90%，不会出现凝结现象。
Sufficient lighting as required by Local Code.
应按地方法规要求，有充足的照明。
4.1.2.3 Electrical Service, Conductors and Devices: 电器保养、管理和设备
Lighting and GFCI convenience outlet in pit, machine room and overhead machinery space.
在底坑、机房和顶部机器大厅，应有供照明和漏电保护器（GFCI）的便捷电源插座。
Conduit from the closet hoistway of each elevator group or single elevator to the firefighters’ control
room. Coordinate size, number and location of conduits with Elevator Contractor.
应将来自每个电梯组或单个电梯的封闭电梯井道的管道，接到消防人员控制室。与电梯承包商协
商管道的大小、数量和安装位置。
Single phase copper power feeder to each elevator controller for lighting and exhaust blower with
individual protected, lockable “off,” disconnect switch located in machine room.
将单相铜馈电线接到电梯控制器，以用于照明和排风机。这些排风机有单独保护的、可锁的“断
电”开关功能，与机房里的开关脱离。
Single phase power feeders to machine room elevator group control panel and VGA with single-phase,
protected, lockable “off,” disconnect switch.
将单相铜馈电线接到机房电梯组控制面板和具有单独保护的、可锁的“断电”开关功能的 VGA。
Firefighters’ telephone jack, if required, in car with connection to individual elevator control panels in
elevator machine room and elevator control panel in firefighters’ control room.
如果需要,可将轿厢中的消防队员电话插座,连到电梯机房各个电梯控制面板和消防人员控制室的
电梯控制面板上。
Smoke detection sensor in each elevator lobby, for each group of elevators or single elevator and
machine room to initiate “elevator recall” feature. Elevators shall return to the Ground level, unless the
alarm originates from there, in which case the elevator shall procede to the next floor, which is not in
alarm (as agreed with the local fire department). Provide detector at top of hoistway if sprinklered.
Provide means for service access from outside the hoistway. Provide sensor signal wiring from hoistway
or machine room connection point to elevator controller terminals. Reference is made to section 7 - Fire
Detection and Alarm System.
每间电梯大厅的烟雾探测器，为每个电梯组或单个电梯和机房启动“电梯召回”特性。电梯将回
到底层,除非警报起源于那里。在这种情况下，电梯将召至没有发出警报的下一层(应得到地方消
防部门同意)。如果有喷淋装置，则将探测器安装在电梯井道的顶端。提供从电梯井道外面进行
维修的方法。在从电梯井道或机房接点到电梯控制器终端之间，提供传感器信号配线。详情请参
考章节 7–火灾探测和报警系统。
Means to automatically disconnect power to affected elevator drive unit and controller prior to activation
of machine room overhead fire sprinkler system, and/or hoistway overhead fire sprinkler system.
应提供这样的方法：在激活机房顶部自动喷水灭火系统和/或电梯井道顶部自动喷水灭火系统之
前，自动切断受影响的电梯驱动装置电源。
Power feeder to elevator intercom amplifier located in the elevator machine room.
给电梯机房中的电梯对讲机放大器提供电源。
4.1.2.4 Standby Power Provision Emergency Generator: 备用应急发电机
Standby power of the same voltage characteristics via normal electric feeders to run one elevator at a
time in each elevator group, and/or single elevator unit, at full-rated car speed and capacity.
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提供相同电压特性的备用动力，经普通馈电器，以便在每组电梯，一次运行一部电梯，和/或全
速和满负荷地运行单个电梯。
Emergency or backup lighting (60mins battery) must be provided inside lift car.
在电梯轿箱内应设备用照明(60 分钟电池)。
Conductor from auxiliary form “C” dry contacts, located in the standby power transfer switch to a single
designated elevator control panel in each elevator bank and/or single elevator unit. (Provide a time delay
of approximately 30-45 seconds for pre-transfer signal in either direction.)
将来自备用动力传送开关中的附加“C”干接触导线，接到单独设计的电梯控制面板上。此控制
面板在每个电梯房和/或单个电梯上都有(为任一方向的信号传送提供约 30-45 秒的时间延迟)。
Standby single-phase power to group controller, and each elevator controller for lighting, exhaust
blower, emergency call bell and intercom amplifier.
为群控制器和每部电梯控制器提供备用的单相电力，供照明、排气送风、应急电话铃和扩音器使
用。
Means for absorbing regenerated power during an overhauling load condition, per NEC 620-101.
Elevator will employ SCR drive, presenting a non-linear active load.
在彻底检查负载情况期间，根据 NEC 620-101 规定，提供承受再生电力的手段。电梯将使用 SCR
驱动器，呈现非线性活动负载。
4.1.2.5 Regulatory Agency Compliance: 管理机构遵循的原则
All elevator equipment shall be designed, furnished and installed to comply with all local prevailing
elevator, electrical and building codes, including revisions and/or supplements to the date of the contract.
In the absence of an applicable code, the elevator equipment shall be in accordance with the most
current revision and supplement of ANSI A17.1.
所有电梯设备的设计、提供和安装，都应该遵守所有流行的电梯、电和建筑地方法规，包括最新
的修正和补充条款。在缺乏可适用法规的情况下，电梯设备应符合最新修订和补充的 ANSI
A17.1 相关条款。
Compliance with local prevailing handicap codes is mandatory. Americans with Disabilities Act
Guidelines, ADAG, shall establish design guidelines in the absence of an applicable code.
需强制遵循遵守当地主要的残障法规。美国残障标准，ADAG, 在适当法规缺乏时，应制订指导方
针。
4.1.2.6 Permit, Test and Inspection: 许可、测试和检查
Obtain and pay for any and all permits, licenses, and inspection fees necessary to complete the
installation.
获得任何和所有的许可证、执照和检查证明，并为它们支付费用，是完成安装所必需的。
4.1.2.7 Warranty: 担保
Correct defective material or workmanship which develops within one year from date of final
acceptance of work to the satisfaction of the Hotel at no additional cost, unless due to ordinary wear and
tear, or improper use or care by Purchaser.
从最后接收的日期算起一年内，更新有缺陷的材料或技艺，使它们达到酒店满意的程度，这是不
需要另外付费的。但由于正常磨损、损坏或由购买者不恰当的使用或保护所引起的更新除外。
Defective is defined to include, but not limited to, operation or control system failures, performance
below required minimum, excessive wear, unusual deterioration or aging of materials or finishes, unsafe
conditions, the need of excessive maintenance, abnormal noise or vibration, and similar unsatisfactory
conditions.
缺陷的定义包括, 但并不限于：运转或控制系统失灵、性能低于最低要求、过度磨损、材料或制
成品的不正常退化或老化、不正常的噪音或振动和类似的令人不满意的情况。
4.1.2.8 Maintenance 维护
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SECTION 4 – ELEVATORS
Interim Maintenance: 暂时维护
When one or more elevators are near completion and ready for service, the Purchaser may accept
elevators for interim use and place in service before entire installation of all elevators has been
completed and accepted.
当一部或较多的电梯接近完成和准备投入使用时，买方可能接受这样的条件：在所有电梯
安装、完工和接受之前，这些电梯将处在边使用边维护的状态中。
4.1.2.8.1
During this period Purchaser may pay a mutually agreed amount per elevator for preventive
maintenance. Indicate amount per unit per month with bid.
在这期间，买方可为预防性维护支付双方同意的维修款。每月每部电梯的具体维护费用通
过竞标的方式确定。
User must provide or pay for temporary hoistway and car enclosures; protect installed equipment
and finishes; and pay for all cleaning, repairs, and replacement of materials necessary to restore
elevator to “as-new” condition prior to final acceptance by Purchaser.
用户必须提供或支付临时性电梯井道和轿厢附件；保护安装的设备和它的完美外观；在买
方最后接受之前，支付为使电梯恢复“如新”的所有清洁、修理和更换材料的费用。
4.1.2.8.2
Warranty Maintenance: 保修及保养
Provide preventive maintenance and 24-hour emergency call-back service for period of one year
commencing on date of final acceptance by Purchaser. Maintain elevator machine room, hoistway,
and pit in clean condition.
从买方最后接受之日起，在一年内，提供预防性维修和24小时紧急回电服务。保持电梯机
房、电梯井道和底坑的清洁。
4.1.2.8.3
Contract Preventive Maintenance: 定期维修合同
Quote monthly cost for five year preventive maintenance contract commencing on completion of
the one year period. Submit quote based upon terms and conditions of the preventive
maintenance contract furnished with this specification.
在一年之后，开始执行为期 5 年的定期维修合同，费用按月报价。报价的基础是：本说明
书所提供的定期维修项目和条件。
4.1.3
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
 Guest room passenger elevators are to be located in a central core to provide efficient and flexible
utilisation. The objectives are to provide waiting guests with quick and convenient access to the
elevators all the while enabling management to monitor traffic to and from the guest room floors.
客房乘客用的电梯位于中心部位，以提供有效和灵活的服务。目的是让乘客能更快和更方便
地全部进入电梯，同时，对进出客房楼层的交通也要管理有序。

A traffic analysis shall be made on the basis of the following guidelines.
交通分析将在下列指导方针的基础上进行。
a. Room occupancies by hotel type - persons per room:
按酒店类型分的房间占有率，每个房间的入住人数
Business 商务
1.5
Convention 会议
1.75
Resort 度假胜地
2.0
b.
System handling capacity - 5 minute peak period demand. (% based on 100% occupancy)
系统处理能力-5 分钟高峰期要求(在 100%客满基础上的百分比)
Business 商务
10-12%
Convention 会议
12-15%
Resort 度假胜地
10-12%
c.
Average interval - Two-way morning and afternoon peak periods:
平均间隔 – 在早晨和午后高峰期，双通道
Business 商务
30-40 seconds 秒
Convention 会议
30-40 seconds 秒
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SECTION 4 – ELEVATORS
Resort 度假胜地

Guest Function Elevators: 客人功能电梯
a. Special function occupancies - square meters per person:
2
特殊功能占有率–米 /人
Meeting Rooms 会议室 1.5
Ballroom 宴会厅
2.0
Exhibition 展览厅
2.5
b.

30-40 seconds 秒
System handling capacity: 系统处理能力
A full ballroom is to be transported in the main egress level in a maximum of 20 minutes. If
ballroom is served by a grand stair, 50% exit capacity should be assigned to that stair.
整个宴会厅的客人应在最多20分钟的时间内从主要出口疏散出去。如果宴会厅有大楼
梯，应安排50%的客人从那里出去。
Service Elevators: 服务电梯
As back of house functions such as room service, bell service, and housekeeping are the lifeline of
the hotel, a conservative approach to service elevator quantities should be taken. The higher the
commercial profile of the hotel, the more service elevators should be incorporated.
客房送餐服务、行李服务和客房服务作为酒店后台区域的主要功能是酒店的生命线，酒店的
品牌越高，所需的服务电梯也越多。
There shall be no less than two (2) service elevators and two (2) guest elevators in hotels up to 200
rooms. Where discrepancy occurs, IHG facility programmed will act as the basic to determine the
quantity.
在多达200个房间的酒店中，至少拥有2部服务电梯和2部客用电梯。当出现偏差时，以洲际
酒店集团的面积与设施设计方案为标准。
A larger size service elevator may be required to transport function displays to ballroom or
exhibition rooms.
为了将活动用品或展品运送至宴会厅或展览厅，要求较大的尺寸的服务电梯。

Firemen’s Elevator: 消防电梯
Where local codes require, provide dedicated elevator for firemen use within it’s own compartment.
在地方法规对此有特别要求的地方,应提供专用的、在它自己隔间里运行的消防电梯，供消
防人员使用。

Escalators: 电动扶梯
When reception or special functions are located above or below the Entrance Lobby, escalators may
be considered to accommodate peak traffic conditions and provide positive separation from the
guest elevators for security purposes.
当招待会或特别活动在入口大厅的上面或下面楼层举行的时候,可考虑用电动扶梯来解决高
峰交通问题，为安全起见，积极地将客人从电梯处分流出来。
Escalator Handling Capacity: A full Ballroom is to be transported to the Main Egress Level in a
maximum of 30 minutes. Assume a maximum of 30% of the population will use convenient stairs
or elevators.
电动扶梯处理能力：最多在30 分钟内，将宴会厅里所有人员全部运送到主要出口处，假设
有30%的客人将使用方便的楼梯或电梯。
4.1.4
4.1.4.1
PRODUCT STANDARDS 产品标准
Traveling Cables: 滑动电缆
 Type ET flame and moisture-resistant outer cover. Prevent traveling cable from rubbing or chafing
against hoistway or equipment within hoistway. Provide 2 RG-59 coaxial CCTV cables Belden No.
9259 or approved equal and 20 pairs of shielded communication wires within traveling cable from
car controller to car top.
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应有 ET 型防火防湿的保护外套。防止滑动电缆在电梯井道或电梯井道里面的设备处摩擦或
摩擦生热。提供 2 RG-59 同轴 CCTV 电缆 Belden No.9259 或经核准的同等产品。从轿厢到厢
顶，在滑动电缆里面，应有 20 对屏蔽的通信线。
4.1.5
ELEVATOR APPLICATIONS 电梯应用
4.1.5.1
Preferred Elevator Applications: 首选电梯应用
Application
应用
Guest Room
客房
Room Service
房间服务
Freight
货运
Capacity 容量
Speeds: 速度
Levels 2-3 served
2-3 层服务
Levels 4-12 served
4-12 层服务
Levels 13-22 served
13-22 层服务
Levels 23-32 served
23-32 层服务
Levels 33+
33 层及以上服务
Platform: 平台
Width 宽度
Depth 深度
Entrances: 入口
Width 宽度
Height 高度
Type 类型
1600 kg 公斤
1800 kg 公斤
1800 kg 公斤
1.25 m/s 米/秒
1.25 m/s 米/秒
1.25 m/s 米/秒
1.8 m/s 米/秒
1.8 m/s 米/秒
1.8 m/s 米/秒
2.5 m/s 米/秒
2.5 m/s 米/秒
2.5 m/s 米/秒
4.5 m/s 米/秒
4.5 m/s 米/秒
5.4 m/s 米/秒
5.4 m/s 米/秒
2200 mm 毫米
2000 mm 毫米
2400 mm 毫米
2000 mm 毫米
2200 mm 毫米
2000 mm 毫米
2100 mm 毫米
2000 mm 毫米
1200 mm 毫米
2100 mm 毫米
Center Open
中开门
1200 mm 毫米
2100 mm 毫米
Center Open
中开门
2200 mm 毫米
2100 mm 毫米
Vertical Bi-part
垂直双分
1200 mm 毫米
2100 mm 毫米
Center Open
中开门
2750 mm 毫米
2750 mm 毫米
All duties 全责
All duties 全责






Cab Height: 轿厢高度
To Canopy 到顶盖
2750 mm 毫米
3000 mm 毫米
Compensation: 补偿
Manufacturer’s Standard 1.25 m/s 米/秒
All duties 全责
厂商标准
Whisperflex 通信线
2.5 m/s 米/秒

Rope 绳
3.5 m/s 米/秒

Lock down 锁定速度
+4.0 m/s 米/秒

*For Holiday Inn, Capacity of 1350kg is acceptable.
对于假日品牌，可接受 1350kg 的载重量。
Shuttle/
Ballroom
往返穿梭/宴会厅
1800 kg 公斤
1.8 m/s 米/秒
* Shuttle/Ballroom lift must fit family size car.
往返于宴会厅的轿厢必须足够大，与家用轿车大小相符。
*Services lift capacities are selected based on above and FFE such as mattress moving requirement.
服务电梯的运载能力还需要考虑家具比如床垫的运输需要。
*Car park lift(s) cannot be accessed to guestroom floors.
车库电梯不应到达客房层。
*All above to be decided by IHG designer on projects.
所有以上需要有洲际负责项目的设计师决定。
4.1.5.2
Escalator Applications: 电动扶梯应用
Nominal Step Width = 1000 mm
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Speed = 27 mpm minimum
Incline = 30 degrees
Minimum door width 1200mm
普通梯级宽度=1000毫米
最低速度=27米/分钟
倾斜=30度
最小门宽 1200毫米
4.1.6
ELEVATOR EQUIPMENT STANDARDS 电梯设备标准
4.1.6.1 Acceptable Contractors: 获准的承包商
One of the following manufacturers or approved equal.
下列制造商之一或经核准的其它公司
 EPL KONE 通力电梯公司
 Mitsubishi Elevator Company 三菱电梯公司
 Otis Elevator Company 奥的斯电梯公司
 Schindler Elevator Company 迅达电梯公司
 Thyssen-Dover Elevator 蒂森电梯公司
4.1.6.2 Traction Machine Room Equipment: 牵引机房设备
4.1.6.2.1
Sound Isolation: 隔音
Noise level relating to elevator equipment and its operation shall not exceed NC-35 in the elevator
lobbies, cabs or occupied guest areas.
电梯设备及其运转的噪声水平，在电梯大厅、轿厢或客人众多的区域，将不超过 NC-35。
All readings to be taken three feet off the floor and 3 feet from the equipment.
所有读数都是在离地板和离设备 3 英尺的地方获取。
4.1.6.3 Signals: 信号
4.1.6.3.1
Lobby Call Stations 大厅呼叫站
Custom design at Lobby Guest Elevators.
大厅客人电梯的设计按用户要求进行。
Manufacturer’s standard at all typical levels.
制造商标准全部为典型水平。
“In case of fire do not use lifts” signs to be supplied.
提供“火灾时请勿使用电梯”的告示牌。
4.1.6.3.2
Hall Lanterns: 厅外指示灯
Provide all elevators with adjustable electronic tones. Sound once for up and twice for down. The
minimum advance notification time shall be 4.0 seconds.
为所有的电梯提供可调的电子声音。向上响一次，向下响两次。提前发出通知的最短时间
是4.0秒。
Guest Passenger Elevator custom at main; manufacturer’s standard at typical levels.
通常，客人乘坐的电梯在主要部位；制造商标准为典型水平。
Service elevators to be manufacturer’s standard vandal-resistant design.
服务电梯采用厂商标准的防故意破坏设计。
4.1.6.3.3
Car Position Indicator: 轿厢位置指示器
Provide LED type in each car operating panel.
在每个轿厢操作面板上安装 LED 指示器。
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4.1.6.3.4
Lobby Position Indicators: 大厅位置指示器
Provide digital display indicators on every landing above each elevator door.
在每个电梯门上面，为每个停靠楼层提供数字显示器。
4.1.6.3.5
Floor Passing Tone: 轿厢通过楼层的提示声音
Provide an audible tone of no less than 20 decibels and frequency of no higher than 1500 Hz, to
sound as the car passes or stops at a floor served.
当轿厢经过或停在某层时，提供不小于20分贝和频率不高于1500赫兹的提示声音。
4.1.6.3.6
Lobby Control Panel: 大厅控制面板
Provide color VDU and keyboard in security office.
在安保部办公室内提供彩色视频显示装置（VDU）和键盘。
4.1.6.3.7
Firefighters’ Control Panel: 消防人员控制面板
Locate in building fire control room. Fixture faceplate, No. 4 brushed finish stainless steel,
including the following features for all elevators in this project:
位于大楼的消防控制中心。固定面板，用刷过4号的不锈钢。在这份计划中，所有电梯都
包括如下特征：
Car position and direction indicator (digital-readout or color VDU display type).
轿厢位置和方向指示器(数字读出或彩色VDU显示型)。
Indicator showing operating status of car.
显示轿厢运转状态的指示器。
Wiring to panel.
为面板配线。
Manual car standby power selection switch and power status indicator.
手工轿厢备用电源选择开关和电源状态指示器。
Firefighters’ telephone jack, if required.
如果需要，安装消防电话插座。
4.1.6.3.8
Machine Room Monitoring System: 机房监视系统
Provide off-site remote monitoring capability.
提供远距离监视能力。
Include accumulation of hall call registration information as part of monitoring capability.
Provide memory capacity for at least the preceding five, 24-hour periods, in blocks of 5 or 15minute segments, running hour to hour (i.e., 2:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m.) Provide battery backup to
prevent loss of accumulated data due to loss of normal power.
包括大厅呼叫登记信息的积聚，以此作为监视能力的一部分。提供记忆能力，至少能记忆
前5个呼叫，24小时周期, 呼叫长短为5或15分钟内, 运行时间从某个整点到另一整点(即
下午2:00到下午3:00)。提供电池支持，以防由于普通电力损坏而使积累的数据丢失。
Accumulate information for remote retrieval and use as follows:
用于远距离恢复和使用的积累信息如下：
 Visual and printed summary of hall call registration events by floor, direction, and duration,
totalled in 5 or 15 minute segments during any 60-minute blocks using an internal clock.
按楼层、方向和持续时间，将在任何 60 分钟期间（使用内部时钟），在 5 或 15 分钟时
段中发生的所有大厅呼叫登记事件写成容易读懂的小结，并打印出来。
 Visual and printed summary of hall call registration duration averaged for 5 or 15 minute and
hourly periods.
将 5 或 15 分钟和每小时时段的平均门厅呼叫登记持续时间，写成容易读懂的小结，并
打印出来。
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 Visual and printed summary of percentage of hall calls answered within 30 and 60 seconds in
each minute and hourly period.
以每分钟和每小时为周期，将在 30 和 60 秒内回答的门厅电话的百分比，写成容易读懂
的小结，并打印出来。
 Visual and printed summary of time periods during which individual cars are not in group
operation (operating separately or out of service).
将不在电梯组里操作的个别电梯的时间周期，写成容易读懂的小结，并打印出来(分开
运转或停止运转)。
4.1.6.4 Intercom And Distress System: 对讲器和遇险报警系统
4.1.6.4.1 General: 概述
Each elevator must have a house telephone or intercom that connects directly to the front desk or fire
control center. Calls from the elevator must not be answered by an auto-attendant at any time.
每个电梯都应配备一部内线电话或对讲装置，直接连通前台或消防监控中心。 任何时候均不得
使用自动答话系统接听从电梯拨出的电话
4.1.7
ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS 电梯控制系统
4.1.7.1 Group Automatic Operation: 电梯组自动操作
Three or more elevators in a group.
三台或更多台电梯构成一组。
General: 概述
Provide computer-based control system to perform functions of elevator motion, door control and car
operation through car and landing buttons in conjunction with the supervisory system.
提供以计算机为基础的控制系统，通过与监视系统相连的轿厢和楼层按钮，执行电梯运动、电
梯门控制和轿厢运转。
Hall Call Assignment: 门厅呼叫指派
Car assignment and response time determined by computing relative factors such as distance, service
to previously assigned car and hall calls, car load, direction, door and car motion status, and
coincidence of car and hall calls and time to destination. Continuously compute these factors and
assign best car available to answer call.
轿厢接受指派和响应的时间由下述相关因素确定：如距离、对以前分配轿厢维修和门厅呼叫、
轿厢负载、方向、门和轿厢运动状态,以及轿厢、门厅呼叫和确定目标时间的一致性。不断地
估算这些因素，就能在接到呼叫后很好地分配轿厢工作。
Load Weighing: 负载权重
Provide cars with adjustable load weighing device initially set at 50% of rated capacity; use electronic
load weighing transducer. Device causes car to bypass hall calls. Activation is signaled by constant
illumination of LED in service cabinet.
提供带有可调节负载权重设备的轿厢，最初设定在额定负载的50%，采用电子负载权重传感
器。该装置可使轿厢忽视门厅呼叫。通过维修盒上的LED持久照明，发出信号，使之激活。
4.1.7.2 Duplex Selective Collective Operation: 双选择集体运转
Two elevators in group.
二部电梯构成一组
General: 概述
Provide computer-based control system arranged for Duplex Selective Collective automatic operation.
Provide a parking feature which returns cars when there are no calls in system. Parking floor, main
landing.
提供计算机控制系统，以安排双选择集体的自动运转。提供轿厢停靠特色，在系统中没有呼叫
时，将轿厢召回，使之停靠到主要楼层。
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Operate as Free Car Duplex, park one car at main landing (home car), park other car (free car) at its
last stop above main landing.
像自由并联电梯那样运转, 一个停在基站待命(基梯)，另一个(自由梯)停在基站最近的一层。
4.1.7.3 Simplex Selective Collective: 单选择集体
General: 概述
Provide computer-based control system arranged for Simplex Selective Collective Operation. Operate
elevator from a single riser of landing buttons and from operating devices in car.
提供计算机控制系统，以安排单一选择集体运转。用楼层面板上的按钮操作电梯，或从轿厢的
操作面板上操作电梯。
Operation: 操作
Momentary pressure of one or more car or landing buttons, other than those for landing at which car is
standing, starts car, and causes car to stop at first landing for which a car or landing call is registered
corresponding to direction in which car is traveling. Stops made in order in which landings are reached,
irrespective of sequence in which calls are registered.
按下一个或多个轿厢按钮或楼层停靠按钮,不要按那些不在运转的轿厢按钮，就会启动轿厢，和
使轿厢停在已经登记过停靠呼叫的第一个停靠层，这个停靠层与轿厢正在运行的方向一致。停
靠依次进行，与登记呼叫的次序无关。
4.1.7.4 Special Operations: 特殊操作
Inspection Operation: 检验操作
Key access and top of car station operates elevator at contract speed or 0.5m/s, whichever is less;
provide key switch in service cabinet to activate operation. Mount key access switches in hoistway
entrance frame without faceplates.
打开入口进入轿厢站的顶层，操作电梯以契约速度或 0.5 米/秒运行。如果速度小了，就会将服
务柜中的开关激发到开的状态。将入口开关安装在电梯井道入口处的框架中，上面不加面板。
Independent Service: 独立维修
Provide system to operate elevator from car buttons only, independent of all other operations; activate
operation through key switch in service cabinet.
提供只能从轿厢按钮进行操作的电梯系统，与所有其它的操作无关；通过服务柜中的钥匙开关
来激活运转。
Anti-Nuisance Service: 防损害服务
Provide system by means of load weighing transducer that will cancel all car calls in event that three
times number of car calls are registered as there are passengers in car allowing 68Kg per person.
System using false call answering is unacceptable.
提供依靠负荷权重转换器的系统。这种转换器将在下列事件发生时，取消所有的电话呼叫。即
在轿厢有乘客，允许每人 68Kg，这时，登记的电话呼叫次数达 3 倍时，就取消所有的电话呼
叫。使用虚假的呼叫回答系统是不能接受的。
Disabled Access 残障功能
Provide an additional in-car low level floor buttons as per the governing disabled access codes of the local
authority: - to include Braille audible floor identification.
根据当地有关政府部门的标准，在电梯轿箱内安装低位按钮，包括盲文和楼层到达声响。
4.1.7.5 Standby Power: 备用电力
Operation: 操作
Provide a standby power mode of operation which automatically evacuates all elevators, one from
each Group at a time, with priority to loaded cars, to main landing without responding to car or landing
calls. System subsequently permits manual selection of any elevator with switches and pilot lights in
Lobby Control Station. If any elevator fails to return to its main landing within 90 seconds, it is
automatically disconnected from automatic return feature and left for later manual selection and
evacuation. Standby generator sized to run one elevator from each group simultaneously.
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提供备用电力运转模式，它能自动疏散所有的电梯。每次从每组中疏散一台, 有负载的轿厢优
先, 疏散到主要的停靠楼层,不回应轿厢或楼层停靠呼叫。随后,系统允许用开关和大厅控制台里
的引航灯，人工选择任何电梯。如果任何电梯在 90 秒内无法回到它的主要停靠楼层,它就会与
自动回返机构分离,停在那里，等候下一个人工选择和撤退。 备用发电机的容量允许从每组中
同时运行一部电梯。
Activation: 启动
Initiated by switching electrical feeder to elevator distribution panel, from normal to standby. Provide
pilot light in Lobby Control Station to receive signal from automatic transfer switch and to indicate
AUTOMATIC EVACUATION. After cars have returned to main landing, a second pilot light will
illuminate to indicate MANUAL SELECT. Provide interlocked type pushbuttons for selecting elevator
to operate on standby power. Preselect one elevator by leaving specific switch in selected position.
将馈电线与电梯配电盘之间的开关打开就可启动，从正常状态进入备用状态。在大厅控制站中
提供引航灯，以接受来自自动转换开关的信号和指示自动撤退。在轿厢已经回到主要停靠楼层
之后,第二个引航灯将会点亮，表明人工选择。为电梯提供互锁型按钮以运转备用发电机。在挑
选好的位置上，用一个特殊的开关，来预选一部电梯。
Connections: 连接
Provided in Machine Room; necessary interconnection between Machine Room and Lobby Control
Station provided under this Section.
提供在机房中的连接；在机房和大厅控制站之间，提供必要的互相连接。
4.1.7.6 Fireman’s Emergency: 消防紧急状态
Arrange “elevator recall” to operate under Fireman’s Emergency Operation upon activation of smoke
detectors. Refer to section 4.1.2.3.
安排“电梯召回”，以在烟雾探测器激活时，能在消防紧急状态下运转。参阅第 4.1.2.3 节。
4.1.7.7 Card Reader Access, if required: 如果需要，配置读卡器
Install card reader to gain access to any and all levels as desired. Car calls to designated levels on
tenant security will not register without prior activation from coded card to enable activation of floor
buttons. Feature can be overridden by INDEPENDENT or EMERGENCY SERVICE operation.
安装读卡器，以到达所要求的任何楼层。如果没有编码卡事先激活楼层按钮的话，轿厢到指定
的客房安全层次的呼叫将不会登记。这一功能可通过独立或紧急服务操作跳过。
4.1.7.8 Earthquake Emergency, if required: 如果需要，可配备地震紧急操作按钮
Arrange to operate under FIREMAN’S EMERGENCY OPERATION after activation of a derailment
device. Include collision switch as part of operation.
安排在一个出轨装置激活后，在消防人员紧急状态运转，包括将碰撞开关作为操作的一部份。
4.1.7.9 Auto-Return, Hydraulic Elevators only: 自动返回, 只适用于液压电梯
Provide self-contained battery operated system to automatically return elevator to a preselected landing
or next available landing if the car is below the preselected landing and fully open its doors, upon loss
of normal building power. Elevator automatically returns to normal operation upon resumption of
normal building power.
假设，轿厢在预选停靠的楼层以下，门完全开着，正常的大楼电力又中断了。在这种情况下，
所提供的自维持电池运转系统，能使电梯自动地返回到预先选定的停靠楼层或下一个可以停靠
的楼层。在大楼电力恢复之后，电梯能自动地回到正常的运转状态。
4.1.7.10 Door Hold, Service Elevators only: 门常开, 只适用于维修电梯
Provide push button in main car operating panel, which when activated holds doors in the open
position for a predetermined period of time; include means to adjust time from 5 seconds to one
minute in main controller. Time duration will cancel upon activation of door close button.
在主轿厢操作面板上提供按钮,使电梯门在开态保持一段事先设定的时间；主控制器里还包括调
节时间间隔（从 5 秒到 1 分钟）的手段。当关门按钮激活时，这个时间间隔便取消了。
4.1.8
ELEVATOR PERFOMANCE STANDARDS 电梯性能标准
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4.1.8.1 Running Speed: 运行速度
Traction Elevators = ±1% of contract speed under any loading condition.
在任何负载条件下，牵引电梯的速度为契约速度，误差在±1%之内。
Hydraulic Elevators = ±5% of contract speed under any loading condition.
在任何负载条件下，液压电梯的速度为契约速度，误差在±5%之内。
4.1.8.2 Capacity: 容量
Safely lower, stop and hold up to 125% of rated load.
当负载达到额定负载的125%时，安全程度下降
4.1.8.3 Stopping Zone: 停靠区
The leveling accuracy all traction and hydraulic elevators = ± 6mm under any loading condition.
在任何负载条件下，所有牵引电梯和液压电梯停靠楼层的精度应在±6毫米之内。
4.1.8.4 Door Opening Time: 开门时间
Seconds from start of opening to fully open:
从开始开门到完全打开的时间:
1200 mm 毫米 Center Opening Doors 中开门:
1200 mm 毫米 2-Speed Side Opening Doors2-速边开门:
1.5 seconds 秒
2.5 seconds 秒
4.1.8.5 Door Closing Time: 关门时间
1200 mm 毫米 Center Opening Doors 中开门:
1200 mm 毫米 2 Speed Side Opening Doors2-速边开门:
2.5 seconds 秒
3.0 seconds 秒
4.1.8.6 Door Dwell Time; Car Call: 开门停留时间；轿厢呼叫
The amount of time car/landing doors remain stationary in the open position after responding to a car
call demand to be adjustable between 3.0 and 5.0 seconds.
在回应了轿厢呼叫之后，轿厢门和楼层电梯门的开门状态将保留3.0-5.0秒
4.1.8.7 Door Dwell Time; Lobby Call: 开门停留时间；大厅呼叫
The amount of time car/landing doors remain stationary in the open position after responding to a lobby
call demand to be adjustable between 5.0 and 8.0 seconds.
在回应了大厅呼叫之后，轿厢门和楼层电梯门的开门状态将保留5.0-8.0秒
4.1.8.8 Non Interference Door Dwell Time: 非冲突门停留时间
The amount of time that the car/landing doors remain stationary in the fully open position after the photo
eye beams are momentarily interrupted by transferring passengers shall be a minimum of 3.0 seconds.
When the door beams are interrupted after the initial 3.0 second open time subsequent open times shall
be adjustable between 1.0 and 1.5 seconds.
在摄影机前面的光束被乘客挡住时，轿厢门和楼层电梯门在全开位置的停留时间最短，仅为3.0
秒。在开门3.0秒钟后，门的光束被挡，接下来的开门时间调整为1.0-1.5秒之间。
4.1.8.9 Door Nudging Dwell Time: 门在轻推后的停留时间
The amount of time elapsing before car/landing doors begin to close at reduced speed and torque after
the photo beams have been obstructed shall be adjustable between 20.0 and 25.0 seconds.
从摄影光束被挡住，到轿厢门和楼层电梯门开始以减少的速度和转矩开始关闭前，所需时间为
20.0-25.0秒之间。
4.1.8.10 Door Closing Pressure: 关门压力
Measured with the cat/landing doors having traveled 1/2 to 1/3 of the clear open width shall be 15 kg/ 30
lbs. Maximum.
在轿厢门和楼层电梯门运行到全开的1/2到1/3时，测得的压力最大为15公斤/30磅。
4.1.8.11 Floor-to-Floor Performance Time: 楼层到楼层的运行时间
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Seconds from start of doors closing until doors are 3/4 open (1/2 open for side opening doors) and car in
stopping zone at next successive floor under any loading condition or travel direction (3600mm typical
floor height).
从电梯门开始关闭到轿厢在下一个楼层停靠区将门开到 3/4(边开门，到 1/2)所需时间，不管负载
或运行方向如何(3600 毫米典型楼层高度)，仅为几秒钟。
Traction 牵引电梯:
Hydraulic 液压电梯:
7.0 seconds 秒
10.0 seconds 秒
4.1.8.12 Ride Quality: 乘坐质量
Horizontal acceleration within car during all riding and door operating conditions:
在轿厢里，在整个乘坐期间和各种门操作情况下，横向加速度：
Not more than 10 mg peak to peak in the 1-10 Hz range.
在1-10赫兹范围内，峰到峰之间不超过10毫克。
Acceleration and Deceleration, Traction Elevators:
加速和减速,牵引电梯：
Smooth constant and not more than 1.5m/s/s with an initial ramp between 0.5 and 0.75 second.
在最初 0.5-0.75 秒的乱跳之后，电梯将平稳运行，加速度或减速度不超过 1.5 米/秒/秒。
Sustained Jerk, Traction Elevators:
持续颠簸，牵引电梯:
Not more than 2.4m/second/second squared.
横向和纵向均不超过 2.4 米/秒/平方秒
4.1.8.13 Airborne Noise: 空气传播的噪声
Measured noise level of elevator equipment and its operation shall not exceed 50 dBA in elevator
lobbies and car under any condition including door operation and car ventilation exhaust blower on its
highest speed.
测量的电梯设备和它运转时的噪声水平不超过50分贝。不管是在大厅里，还是在轿厢里，在任何
情况下，包括门的操作和轿厢在最高速通风排气时，噪声都不会超过这个水平。
4.1.9
ESCALATOR STANDARDS 电动扶梯标准
4.1.9.1 System Description: 系统描述
General: 概述
Type: 576mm nominal width between balustrades, preferred width
Step Speed:
90-100
Balustrades:
Cantilevered structural glass
Noise: At 16°C ambient temperature; do not exceed 58 dB operating noise of escalator at a point
504mm above any portion thereof.
类型:
栏杆之间的首选宽度为576毫米。
梯级速度:
90-100
栏杆:
悬臂式建筑玻璃
0
噪声:
16 C环境温度时，任何部位之上504毫米处，电动扶梯运转噪声均不超过58分贝
4.1.9.2 Truss and Truss Equipment: 构架和构架设备
Truss: 构架
Design and construct from structural steel to safely carry entire load of escalator including parts, full
capacity load, weight of exterior balustrade, and truss coverings as shown.
设计和建造结构钢构架，以便能安全承受电动扶梯的全部负荷，包括零件，全负载、外部栏杆的
重量和构架复盖物，如所示的那样。
Truss Extensions: 构架扩展
Provide to suit well length shown and newel or floor plate alignment shown.
提供如图所示的合适长度的扩展构架，栏杆支柱或地板应如所示那样对准。
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Tracks: 轨道
Fabricate from steel, aluminum, or other alloy and of proper rigidity with smooth finished track surface;
install and support to assure proper alignment and smooth operation of running gear under all conditions;
spacing between track supports not to exceed four feet.
用钢、铝或其它合金制造，并具有平滑、坚硬的轨道表面。轨道的安装和支撑要到位，以保证在
各种情况下，运行齿轮的适当对准和平滑运转；轨道支撑间隔不超过四英尺。
Step Drive Units: 梯级驱动单元
General: Design top and lower members to be removable intact from truss. Provide suitable guard at
exposed driving mechanism including chains and sprockets.
一般梯级：设计成顶端和较低的梯级能完整无缺的脱离构架。地暴露的驱动机构，包括链和链轮
齿在内，应提供适当的保护装置。
Top Member: Carry on 2 brackets; rigidly attach to truss to maintain proper alignment of unit.
高层梯级：放在2个支架上，并牢牢地附在构架上，以维持单元的适当对准。
Lower Member: Mount on supporting brackets or pedestals provided with rollers operating on tracks
located at each side of truss. Design and install to automatically maintain proper tension on step chains
by tension weights or compression springs.
低层梯级：安装在支架上或在构架两侧轨道上运转的辊子底座上。设计和安装低层梯级，以便通
过加重或压缩弹簧，在梯级链上自动维持适当的张力
Step Chains: 梯级链
Fabricate step chains from high grade steel links with hardened pins and accurately ground rollers
designed to accurately engage drive sprockets for smooth operation; endless roller type; or locate one on
each side of steps. Make provisions to prevent sagging or buckling of chains and to prevent steps
coming into contact with each other and to maintain substantially constant distances between step axles
of exposed steps. Provide step chain with an automatic tension device at lower landing to maintain
proper step chain tension under varying load conditions.
采用高级钢制造梯级链，并具有坚硬插脚连接和精确的地面滚筒，该地面滚筒能精确地驱动链轮
齿平稳运转；滚筒永无止境；在梯级每一侧都有一个。要预防梯级链的下垂或扣住，阻止梯级相
互接触，在暴露的梯级轴之间要保持有足够的距离，且这个距离不会变化。在较低停靠点，要提
供具有自动张力装置的梯级链，以在负荷改变的情况下，能维持适当的梯级链张力。
Driving Machine: 驱动机械
Worm gear type specially designed for escalator service; provide with accurately machined worm and
gear driven by a moderate speed motor, rated for 50°C. temperature rise, continuous service.
为方便维修电动扶梯，特将驱动机械设计成蜗轮型；用精确的机械螺纹和中速驱动的齿轮提供，
0
额定在 50 C。温度上升,需继续进行修理。
Controller: 控制器
Pushbutton operated, fully magnetic, continuous and reversing type, designed to protect motor against
overload and phase failure. Provide with a circuit breaker or main line switch and located in machine
space.
按钮操作,全磁性、连续和回动型,巧妙的设计可保护马达免遭超载和断相破坏。在机器空间，提
供一个断路器或主线开关。
Lubrication: 润滑
Provide each moving part of escalator installation with self-lubricating bearings having grease gun
connections of a single type. Make points of lubrication readily accessible. Provide automatic chain
oilers with an oiling control which will allow manual turn-on and automatic shut-off after a prescribed
schedule of oiling time. Automatic chain oilers visible and accessible for maintenance from escalator
pits.
为电动扶梯的每个可动部分，安装自维持轴承，且能与单个注油枪连接。使润滑点容易接近。提
供自动梯级链注油壶，这种注油壶允许人工开启，在规定的注油之后，自动关闭。为便于从电动
扶梯坑中维修，注油壶应该放在可以看见和可以接近的地方。
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4.1.9.3 Safety Equipment: 安全设备
General: 概述
Safety devices include following devices and such others as may be included in applicable safety codes
in effect at date of contract. Provide self-resetting type switches and control circuits of escalator so
arranged that after a switch is tripped escalator can be started by starting switch only in UP direction
until safety switch is reset.
安全设备包括如下装置，以及在合同生效之日新的安全法规中可能包含的其它装置。提供自复位
型开关和电动扶梯控制线路，以实现这样的安排：在开关出现差错后，电动扶梯只能在向上的方
向，通过启动开关，使电动扶梯启动，直到安全开关复位为止。
Handrail Safety Device: 扶手安全装置
Provide switches to detect handrail failure or excessive stretch; activation of switch causes escalator to
stop.
提供若干开关装置，以探测扶手失灵或过度伸展；开关激活将导致电动扶梯停止。
Combplate Safety Device: 梳板安全装置
Provide a safety switch which stops escalator if any object is caught between combplate and step where
combplate is lifted 3mm.
如果在梳板和梯级（这里梳板略高3毫米）之间抓到任何物体，提供的安全开关，将使电动扶梯
停下来。
Fault Finders: 故障探测器
Provide a readily accessible electronic fault finding system with memory for each escalator to indicate
source of trouble in the event of a failure of any escalator operating components. Fault finders separately
identify each safety device.
提供一种容易实现的电子故障发现系统。每部电动扶梯都有一个存储器，如果故障是由电动扶梯
的任何部件引起的话，它们就能指出故障来源。故障探测器能分别识别每个安全装置。
Emergency Stop Buttons: 紧急停止按钮
Provide to stop escalator; locate in accordance with code; fabricate pedestal mounted type with matching
materials as directed.
提供紧急停止按钮，以使电动扶梯停止运行；安装位置应与法规一致；制造的基架应与所指出的
材料匹配。
4.1.9.4 Moving Equipment: 移动设备
Steps: 梯级
Design steps and their various parts to permit ready removal without disturbing balustrades or
dismantling any part of chains. Design escalator to permit running of chain without steps.
设计梯级及相应的各种零件，允许方便移动，而不影响栏杆或使梯级链的任何零件分解。设计电
动扶梯，允许运行没有梯级的链。
Step Frames: Fabricate from steel or aluminum; reinforce and brace to carry step treads and maximum
load per step under eccentric loading conditions without distortion; sound deaden steps.
梯级框架：用钢或铝制造；增强和加固梯级踏板，以使每个踏板都能承受最大负载，在偏心负载
情况下，也不会发生畸变；梯级具有隔音功能。
Step Wheels: Design for quiet operation; use type which ensures rotation and prevents flat spots; mount
to prevent tilting and rocking of steps.
梯级轮子：设计梯级轮子，要使其能安静运转；采用的类型，能确保转动和无偏差；要仔细装
配，防止梯级倾斜和摇摆。
Step Treads: 梯级踏板
Square-edged die-cast white metal, cleat type; design to assure a secure foothold and comfortable tread
surface. Space cleats so ends are flush with step risers and those on sides are located for minimum
clearance with adjustable skirt panels. Equip with demarcation indication of manufacturer's standard
design. Steps and risers painted black; sand exposed cleat faces to a natural finish.
方边、压铸白合金夹板型；梯级踏板的设计要保证立足安全和踩在踏板表面上觉得舒服。夹板是
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空心的，这样，端面与梯级支柱齐平。位于两侧的夹板留有最小的间隙，以便调节裙板。备有按
厂商标准设计的划线指示。梯级和立柱漆成黑色；在沙化暴露的夹板表面，再漆上天然末道漆。
Cleated Step Risers: 用夹板加固梯级立柱
Provide with vertical cleats arranged to pass tread cleats on adjacent steps to form an interlocking unit
with minimum clearance. Install steps so they do not rub skirtguards and maximum clearance between
any portion of tread and riser does not exceed code requirements.
提供垂直夹板，让它们通过相邻梯级踏板，以形成间隙最小的互锁单元。这样来安装梯级：不让
它们与裙保护板摩擦，并使踏板的任何部位与立柱之间的最大间隙不超过法规要求。
Handrails: 扶手
Handrail Drive: Traction type with tension device. Handrail receives its motion from escalator's main
drive; connect to escalator so handrail will operate at same speed and in same direction as steps. Provide
handrail wheels with suitable ball or roller bearings having ample means for lubrication.
扶手驱动：张力装置牵引型。扶手接受电动扶梯主驱动器的命令而运动。将扶手与电动扶梯连接
在一起，这样，扶手就会以与电动扶梯相同的速度和相同的方向运转。为扶手轮子提供合适的球
或滚动轴承，并设法保证它们的润滑。
Handrails: Construct of laminated canvas and black colored rubber properly vulcanized. Splice and
vulcanize each handrail to insure a strong and smooth splice, and to operate on formed guides except
when in contact with driving sheaves.
扶手：用层压帆布和经适当硬化的黑色橡胶制造。接合和硬化每个扶手，以保证它们的强度和平
滑接合, 和在已成形的轨道上运转。与驱动滑轮接触的情况除外。
Handrail Wheels and Guides: Arrange so handrail cannot be easily thrown off; provide with
substantially square edges at points of contact with balustrading.
扶手轮和导轨：要这样安排：不能让扶手轻易抛出；在与栏干接触的地方，要提供真正的直角边
缘。
Extended Newel: Design and build so handrail disappears into balustrading at a point difficult to reach.
延长的楼梯支柱：要这样来设计和建造楼梯支柱，在难以到达的地方，应将扶手埋在栏干里面。
4.1.9.5 Exposed Construction: 露天建筑
Balustrades: 栏杆
Extended newel type balustrades without miters on angular corners; deck end to blend smoothly over an
approximate distance of 600mm from its full width down to the width of the handrail guide. Make
certain portions removable to permit access for lubrication and adjustments.
延长的支柱型栏杆在拐弯处没有对角缝；在近似600毫米的范围内，甲板末端平稳地从它的全宽
渐渐降到扶手宽度。某些部分可以移去，为润滑和调整提供通道。
OR 或
Standard-type concentric balustrades without miters on angular corners. Make certain portions
removable to permit access for lubrication and adjustments.
标准型同心栏杆，在拐弯处没有对角缝；使某些部分可以移去，为润滑和调整提供通道。
Deck Covers and Moldings: Fabricate from stainless steel to form flat and even surfaces; conceal
fastenings.
甲板盖和浇铸成型：用不锈钢制造，以形成平坦表面；隐藏系结物。
Skirt Panels: Manufacturer's standard. Rigidly reinforce skirt panels and adjust to a maximum 3mm
clearance with moving steps.
裙板：厂商标准。硬度加强型裙板，与移动梯级之间的最大间隙调节到3毫米。
Plaster Scribe: Provide plaster scribe assembly where decks meet plaster finish of truss and soffits.
石膏合缝：在甲板与构架和拱腹的石膏面相遇的地方，提供石膏合缝装配。
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Interior Panels Glass Balustrade: Glass panels, tempered of 9.5mm thick cantilevered structural glass
without mullions. Panels between working points to be equal size with vertical joints.
内部面板玻璃栏杆：玻璃面板，厚度为9.5毫米的悬臂式玻璃砖，不需要竖框。在工作点之间的
面板与垂直关节的大小相等。
Landing and Floor Plates: 登陆和楼层板
Provide of non-ferrous metal with finish matching steps to cover entire outline of truss and truss
extensions; exposed ferrous metal is unacceptable. Support on truss and truss extension. Design pit
frame to receive a combination pipe and double strand of chain to serve as a safety guard when pit is
open for maintenance. Provide one guard per pit.
提供非铁金属，与最后的梯级相配，以覆盖整个构架和构架延长部分；将黑色金属暴露在外面是
不能接受的。支持构架和构架延长部分。设计底坑框架以接受组合管道和双链，当打开底坑维修
时，作安全防护装置之用。应为每个底坑提供一个防护装置。
Combplates: 梳板
Renewable sections with closely spaced comb teeth arranged so step tread cleats pass between
combplates with minimum clearance. Construct plates to permit ready replacement of damaged or worn
section without disturbing balance of comb.
可更新梳齿很密的片段，安排是这样的：让梯级踏板从具有最小间隙的梳板之间插过去。构成板
允许方便更换损害或用旧了的片段，而不影响梳板平衡。
Starting Buttons: 启动按钮
Provide key operated type at top and bottom landings of each escalator. Locate stop buttons in same
fixture.
在每部电动扶梯的顶部和底部提供操作的键。 将停止按钮放在同样的装置器中。
Shear Guards: 穿过保护
Provide solid guards at intersecting angle of outside balustrade and ceiling or soffit. Guards; glass or
plastic.
在外部栏杆和天花板或下端背面的交叉角处，提供坚固保护。保护材料：玻璃或塑料。
4.1.10
INSTALLATION 安装
 Install all equipment so it may be easily removed for maintenance and repair.
安装所有设备时都要注意：为了保养和修理，这些设备要能方便地移去。

4.1.11
4.1.12
Install all equipment to afford maximum accessibility, safety and continuity of operation.
安装所有设备，要最大限度地保证能够接近、安全和运转的连续性。
FIELD QUALITY CONTROL 现场质量控制
 Install rails plumb and align vertically with tolerance of 1mm in 20m. Secure joints without gaps
and file any irregularities to a smooth surface.
安装栏杆要垂直，垂直度误差：在 20 米范围内，允许误差为 1 毫米。要保证接头处，没有
缝隙，必须将任何不规则的表面锉成平滑的表面。

Static balance car to equalize pressure of guide shoes on guide rails.
静电平衡的电动扶梯，要使保护栏杆上金属包头的电位相等。

Adjust motors, power conversion unit, brake, controllers, leveling switches, limit switches, stopping
switches, door operators, interlocks and safety devices to achieve required performance levels.
调节马达、动力转换单元、刹车、控制器、水平开关、限制开关、停止开关、门控制器、互
锁和安全装置，以达到所要求的性能。
ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION AND TESTS 接受检查和测试
Have Code Authority acceptance inspection performed and complete corrective work.
要接受权威部门的检查，要完全纠正工程方面的错误。
4.1.12.1 General: 概述
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SECTION 4 – ELEVATORS
Furnish labor, materials, and equipment necessary for tests. Notify Consultant 5 days in advance when
ready for final review of unit or group. Final acceptance of installation will be made only after all
field-quality control reviews have been completed, identified deficiencies have been corrected, all
Purchasers information and certificates have been received, and the following items have been
completed to satisfaction of Purchaser and Consultant.
供给测试所必需的劳动力、材料和设备。在准备接受单位或小组的最后评估时，要提前5天通知
相关顾问。只有在完成所有的现场质量评估、纠正所找出的缺点、收到所有买方数据和证书，以
及下列条款得到买方和顾问们的完全同意之后，才会接受这一装置。
Workmanship and equipment comply with specification.
工艺和设备与说明书一致。
Contract speed, capacity, floor-to-floor, and door performance comply with specification.
合同进度、容量、楼层到楼层和门的性能，与说明书一致。
Performance of following are satisfactory: 下列各项性能都令人满意
 Starting, accelerating, running
启动、加速、运行
 Decelerating, stopping accuracy
减速、停车的准确性
 Door operation and closing force
门的操作和关闭力
 Equipment noise levels
设备噪声水平
 Signal fixture utility
信号设备有效
 Overall ride quality
总体乘坐质量
 Performance of door control devices
门的控制装置性能
 Operations of special security operation and floor lock-off provisions.
特别安全操作和楼层锁失效防护。
Test Results: 测试结果
In all test conditions, obtain specified speed, performance times, stopping accuracy without re-leveling,
and ride quality to satisfaction of the Owner and Consultant.
在所有的测试条件下,所得到的指定速度、性能时间、无需再调整的停靠精度和乘坐质量，都使
业主和顾问们满意。
Temperature rise in motor windings limited to 50º Celsius above ambient. A full-capacity, 1-hour
running test, stopping at each floor for 10 seconds in up and down directions, may be required.
0
马达线圈温度上升，限制在比环境温度高 50 C。可能需要进行全负载的运行测试，运行时间 1 小
时，在上升和下降两个方向，在每个楼层停 10 秒钟。
4.1.12.2 Performance Guarantee: 性能保证
Should tests reveal defects, poor workmanship, variance or noncompliance with requirements of
specified Codes and/or ordinances, or variance or noncompliance with the requirements of specification,
complete corrective work to satisfaction of Purchaser and Consultant at no cost:
应该检查已显示出来的缺陷、低劣的工艺、与指定法规和/或法令不一致或未遵守的地方，或者
与说明书的要求、与无条件地纠正错误，并使买方和顾问们的要求不一致或未遵守的地方。

Replace equipment that does not meet Code or specification requirements.
更换不符合法规或说明书要求的设备。

Perform work and furnish labor, materials and equipment necessary to meet specified operation and
performance.
完成任务，并供给满足指定操作和性能所需的劳力、材料和设备。
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
4.1.13
Perform and assume cost for retesting required by Governing Code Authority, Purchaser and
Consultant to verify specified operation and/or performance.
执行并承担政府法规部门、买方和顾问所要求的再测试费用，以核实所指定的操作和/或性
能。
PURCHASER’S INFORMATION 买方信息
Provide three sets of neatly bound written information necessary for proper maintenance and adjustment
of equipment within 30 days following final acceptance. Final retention will be withheld until data is
received by Purchaser and reviewed by Consultant. Include the following as minimums:
在最后接受后的 30 天内，提供 3 套整洁的书面材料，以方便维修和设备调节。直到数据为买方
和顾问们接受为止再付清余款。

Straight-line wiring diagram of "as-installed" elevator circuits, with index of location and function
of components. Provide one set reproducible master. Mount one set wiring diagrams on panels,
racked, or similarly protected, in elevator machine room. Provide remaining set rolled and in a
protective drawing tube. Maintain machine room set with addition of all subsequent changes. These
diagrams are Purchasers property.
直线配线图表，“作为安装”的电梯线路,并附有零件位置和功能的索引。提供一套可复制
的原版磁盘。将一套配线图表安装在电梯机房里支架或类似保护的面板上。提供一个画管，
将剩余图纸卷起来放到里面，以保护图纸。使机房做好准备，随时接受附加装置。这些图表
属买方财产。

Lubricating instructions, including recommended grade of lubricants.
润滑指导,包括推荐润滑油等级。

Parts catalogs for all replaceable parts including ordering forms and instructions.
所有替换零件的零件目录，包括定单形式和用法说明。

Four sets of neatly tagged keys for all switches and control features properly tagged and marked.
四套带有整洁标签的钥匙，所有开关都有。控制装置也要配上标签。

Diagnostic equipment complete with access codes, adjusters manuals and set-up manuals for
adjustment, diagnosis and troubleshooting of elevator system and performance of routine safety
tests.
诊断设备，连同接近编码、调整手册和装配手册，为电梯系统的调整、诊断和故障修理及性
能测试之用。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5) PLUMBING
给排水
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.1.
WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION 供水和管道系统 .................................................... 250
5.1.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 250
5.1.2.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 性能标准 ............................................................... 250
5.1.3.
WATER QUALITY 水质 ....................................................................................... 250
5.1.3.1.
5.1.4.
5.1.4.1.
5.1.4.2.
5.1.4.3.
5.1.4.4.
5.1.4.5.
5.1.4.6.
5.1.4.7.
5.1.5.
5.1.5.1.
5.1.5.2.
5.1.5.3.
5.3.
SYSTEMS & MAJOR COMPONENTS 系统和主要部件 ..................................... 252
Water pumps 水泵 .......................................................................................................... 252
Water Storage 水的储存 ................................................................................................. 252
Water Treatment 水的处理 ............................................................................................. 253
Domestic Hot Water System 生活热水系统 .................................................................. 254
Laundry Hot Water System 洗衣房热水系统 ................................................................ 254
Kitchen Hot Water System 厨房热水系统 .................................................................... 255
Non-potable Water System 非饮用水系统 .................................................................... 255
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ........................... 256
Valves 阀门 .................................................................................................................... 256
Sizing 尺寸..................................................................................................................... 256
Materials 材料 ................................................................................................................ 257
5.1.6.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 261
5.1.7.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置......................................................................... 262
5.1.7.1.
5.2.
Quantity 水量 ................................................................................................................. 252
Schedule of Plantroom Area Requirement 机房区要求清单 ......................................... 262
5.1.8.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试.................................................. 262
5.1.9.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS 操作、维修指南和工具
262
WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM 软化水系统 ......................................................................... 264
5.2.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 264
5.2.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 264
5.2.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 264
5.2.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 265
5.2.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置......................................................................... 265
SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM 卫浴排水系统 .................................................................. 266
5.3.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 266
5.3.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准............................................................................... 266
5.3.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ............................ 266
5.3.3.1.
Piping 管道..................................................................................................................... 266
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SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.3.3.2.
5.3.3.3.
5.3.3.4.
5.3.3.5.
5.3.3.6.
5.3.3.7.
5.4.
5.5.
Clean-outs 清扫口 .......................................................................................................... 267
Ejector Systems 排水系统 .............................................................................................. 267
Venting System 透气系统 .............................................................................................. 267
Plumbing Shaft Drainage 管道井排水............................................................................. 267
Indirect Waste System 集水沟......................................................................................... 267
Manholes and Inspection Chambers 检修孔（室） ........................................................ 268
5.3.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................... 268
5.3.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 ................................................. 268
5.3.6.
SPARE PARTS 备件 .............................................................................................. 269
SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM 污水处理系统 ...................................................................... 270
5.4.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 270
5.4.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 270
5.4.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION 规格和应用 ................................................ 270
5.4.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 271
5.4.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置......................................................................... 271
5.4.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 .................................................. 271
5.4.7.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS 操作、维修指南和工具
5.4.8.
SPARE PARTS 备件 .............................................................................................. 272
272
STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM 雨水排水系统 ....................................................................... 274
5.5.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 274
5.5.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 ............................................................................... 274
5.5.3.
SPECIFCATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格与应用指南 ............................ 274
5.5.3.1.
5.5.3.2.
5.5.3.3.
5.5.3.4.
5.5.3.5.
5.5.3.6.
5.5.3.7.
Hard Standing Area Drainage 大面积地面排水 ............................................................ 274
Manholes and Inspection Chambers 检修孔和检查室 .................................................. 274
Catch Basins 隔栅滤污器 .............................................................................................. 274
Seepage Pits 集水坑....................................................................................................... 275
Drainage from Roof & Terrace Areas 屋顶和平台排水................................................ 275
Drainage from Pitched Roof Areas 斜屋顶区排水 ........................................................ 275
Syphonic Surface Water Systems 大表面排水系统 ...................................................... 275
5.5.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境与能源保护 .................. 276
5.5.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置 .......................................................................... 276
5.5.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 .................................................. 276
5.5.7.
SPARE PARTS 备件 .............................................................................................. 277
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SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
GAS 煤气 ..................................................................................................................................... 278
5.6.
5.6.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 278
5.6.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 278
5.6.3.
PECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ............................ 278
5.6.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 278
5.6.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置......................................................................... 278
5.6.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试.................................................. 279
COMPRESSED AIR AND VACUUM SYSTEM 压缩空气和真空系统 ................................ 280
5.7.
5.7.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 280
5.7.2.
DESIGN CRITRIA 设计标准 ................................................................................ 280
5.7.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 280
5.7.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 281
SANITARY FIXTURES 卫生设备 ............................................................................................ 282
5.8.
5.8.1.
GENERAL 概述 .................................................................................................... 282
Guest Bathroom Sanitary Fixtures 客房卫生设备 ......................................................... 282
Public Toilet Sanitary Fixtures 公众厕所卫生设备 ..................................................... 283
Service Area Sanitary Fixtures 服务区卫生设备 .......................................................... 283
5.8.1.1.
5.8.1.2.
5.8.1.3.
5.8.2.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 284
5.8.3.
SUGGESTED MANUFACTURERS 建议的生产厂商 ........................................ 284
5.8.4.
SANITARYWARE SCHEDULE 卫生洁具清单 .................................................. 284
SWIMMING POOL SYSTEMS 游泳池系统 ........................................................................... 287
5.9.
5.9.1.
GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 287
5.9.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 287
5.9.3.
SWIMMING POOL SYSTEM CYCLE 游泳池循环系统 ................................... 287
5.9.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护.................. 292
5.10.
MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS 各种辅助系统 ....................................................................... 293
5.10.1. BORE HOLE PUMPS 深井抽水泵 ....................................................................... 293
5.10.1.1.
5.10.1.2.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 293
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 293
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SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.10.1.3.
Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 .................................................... 293
5.10.2. SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS, SUMPS & SEWAGE EJECTORS 潜水泵、污水坑和污水排水装置
294
5.10.2.1.
5.10.2.2.
5.10.2.3.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 294
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 294
Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 .................................................... 295
5.10.3. BOOSTER PUMP SETS & PRESSURE VESSELS 增压泵组和压力容器 ......... 296
5.10.3.1.
5.10.3.2.
5.10.3.3.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 296
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 296
Specification and Application Guide 规格和应用指南 ................................................. 296
5.10.4. CIRCULATION PUMPS 循环泵........................................................................... 298
5.10.4.1.
5.10.4.2.
5.10.4.3.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 298
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 298
Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 .................................................... 298
5.10.5. STORAGE TANKS & CISTERNS 储水罐和蓄水池 ........................................... 298
5.10.5.1.
5.10.5.2.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 298
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 299
5.10.6. INDIRECT WATER HEATERS/CALORIFIERS & HEAT EXCHANGERS 热水器/热交换器
299
5.10.6.1.
5.10.6.2.
5.10.6.3.
5.10.6.4.
5.10.6.5.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 299
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 299
Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南 .................................................... 299
Environmental Considerations 环境 .............................................................................. 300
Space Allocation 空间配置............................................................................................ 300
5.10.7. DIRECT WATER HEATERS 直接热水器 ........................................................... 300
5.10.7.1.
5.10.7.2.
5.10.7.3.
5.11.
General 概述 .................................................................................................................. 301
Design Criteria 设计标准 .............................................................................................. 301
Specification & Applications 规格和应用 ..................................................................... 301
SUB METERING 分表计量 ....................................................................................................... 303
5.11.1. GENERAL 概述 ..................................................................................................... 303
5.11.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 303
5.11.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 .......................... 303
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.1.
WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION 供水和管道系统
5.1.1.
GENERAL 概述
Water supply shall be reliable and comply with World Health Organization standards and(see 5.1.3) and
Chinese Code of 《Standards for Drinking Water Quality GB 5749》. Water shall neither be scale forming
or corrosive. If unsatisfactory determine and provide required water treatment and select appropriate piping
materials.
供水系统应是可靠的，并符合世界卫生组织标准（见5.1.3）和中国标准《饮用水水质标准
GB5749》。供水不应有水垢或混蚀。如果达不到满意要求，须增加水处理设备，并挑选适当的给
排水材料。
Mandatory: All water provided to guestrooms must be drinkable/potable.
强制性要求：所有提供给客房的水，必须符合生活/饮用用水标准。
Non-potable water 非饮用水
Where feasible, utilize “grey water (recycled + other) systems to feed toilets, cooling tower, boilers, and
irrigation. Water could be recycled from washbasins, laundry, sauna pools, and bathtubs & showers.
在可行的地方，可采用“中水”(再循环+其它)系统，供厕所、冷却塔、锅炉和浇花使用。来自
洗脸盆、洗衣房、桑拿池、浴缸和淋浴室的水，可以进行再循环。
Grey water systems are encouraged where: 鼓励使用中水系统的地方有：
1. Good quality drinking water is scarce.
缺少质量好的饮用水
2. Gray water sources are readily available, such as sufficient rainfall, lakes, rivers, wells etc.
中水源比较充足, 如雨水、湖水、河水、井水等较多
3. Cost of water & sewerage charges are high.
水费和排污费用较高
4. Subsidies/tax incentives are available from local authorities.
可从地方政府得到补贴，或在税收方面有优惠
5.1.2.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 性能标准
Guestroom water pressure at fixture shall be maintained at 2.0 bar as minimum and 4.5 bar as maximum.
Pressure reduction shall be accomplished by means of separate zones. Hot and cold water equipment,
pumps, controls, distribution piping, etc, should be engineered to minimize system pressure fluctuations.
Submit proposed design criteria for review to IHG. Lower floors can be fed directly from city pressure
where adequate and permitted, i.e. no break-tank required. Hot water shall be available at fixtures in < 5
seconds.
客房给水压力须维持在最小2.0bar，最大不超过4.5bar的范围内。压力的减少通过分隔区域实
现。热水和冷水设备、水泵、控制器、管道系统等，应该仔细安装，以便使系统压力的波动降到
最小。请将提议的设计标准送IHG评估。 在较低的楼层，应直接从市政供水系统接水。如果市政
供水系统的压力足够大，且市政当局同意，即可以不需要储水池。热水应在小于5秒的时间内获
得。
Consumption for the entire building shall not exceed 540 litres/ guest/day including full laundry, pool,
cooling towers etc.
整幢大楼的消费量将不超过540公升/人/天，包括全部洗衣房、游泳池、冷却塔等的用水量在
内。
5.1.3.
WATER QUALITY 水质
Potable water quality: permissible concentrations
饮用水质量：容许浓度
Physical-chemical limits and maximum permissible concentrations in parts per million (ppm)
物理化学制品的限制和最大容许浓度
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Parameter
WHO Stds
China Stds
Desirable Levels
EU Stds
参数
WHO 标准
中国标准
要求的水平
欧盟标准
25
25
6.5-8.5
6.5-8.5
400
400
Temperature (°C) 温度
pH
6.5-9.2
6.5-8.5
Conductivity (mS/m3) 传导率
Chlorides 氯化物
250
250
250
250
Sulphates 硫酸盐
200
250
250
250
450
150
100
50
50
200
175
12
12
0.2
0.2
0.2
1000
1000
1000
1,500
45
20
20
50
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.002
0.001
0.0002
0
0.025
0.001
0.001
0.0001
Hardness (as CaCO3) 硬度
Magnesium 镁
Sodium 钠
250
200
Potassium 钾
Aluminum 铝
Total dissolved solids (TDS)
溶解总固体
Nitrates 硝酸盐
Nitrites 亚硝酸盐
Ammonium 铵
Phenols 苯酚
0.001
Organic chlorine compounds
有机氯化物
Pesticides 杀虫剂
Iron 铁
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
Manganese 锰
0.05
0.1
0.05
0.05
Copper 铜
0.05
1.0
0.05
0.1
Zinc 锌
5.0
1.0
1.0
0.1
Lead 铅
0.5
0.01
0.01
0.04
Cadmium 镉
0.01
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.05
0.05
0.05
Chromium 铬
Mercury 水银
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
Arsenic 砷
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
Cyanides 氰化物
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.05
1.0
1.0
1.5
0.05
0.05
0.01
Nickel 镍
Fluoride 氟化物
1.5
Silver 银
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.1.3.1. Quantity 水量
The total consumption for moderate climate shall not exceed 560 litres/guest/day (410 无洗衣房) and in
tropical climate 900 litres/guest/day for a typical hotel with a total area of app.75 square metre/ room
(60% rooms/ 40% all other areas). Included are all facilities such as full laundry, kitchens, banquet, pool
& health club, employee lockers, and minor irrigation. Not included are large irrigation requirements for
areas >1.000 sqm.
2
对典型的酒店，平均每个房间的总面积约75米 (房间占60%，其它占40%)。在适度气候条件下，
总消费量将不超过560公升/客人/天(410 无洗衣房)，在热带气候条件下，不超过900公升/人/
天。这里包括所有的设备,如全部洗衣房、厨房、宴会厅、游泳池和健康俱乐部、职工更衣间和
2
少量的浇花用水。大于1.000米 的浇花用水不包括在内。
Source
消费类别
Guests 客人
(or per bed 或每床
Resorts & Japan 度假村和日本
Tropical Countries 热带国家
Employees 员工
Restaurant/ Functions 餐厅/会议厅
Laundry 洗衣房
Without recovery 无循环系统
With recovery 有循环系统
Typical production 要洗的衣服量
5.1.4.
Total (h+c)/Person
总量（热水+冷水）/人
230 litres/day 升/天
115 litres/day 升/天
350 litres/day 升/天
300 litres/day 升/天
50 litres/day 升/天
35 litres/cover 升/客
Hot water. Ltr & %
热水用量（公升）
80 litres/day 升/天=35%
40 litres/ day 升/天=35%
140 litres/day 升/天=40%
100 litres/day 升/天=33%
16 litres/day 升/天=33%
14 litres/cover 升/客=40%
25 litres/kg linen 升/公斤布草
15 litres/kg linen 升/公斤布草
7.5 kg linen/occupied room/day
公斤布草/已租出客房/天
4 litres/ kg 升/公斤=16%
2 litres/ kg 升/公斤=13%
SYSTEMS & MAJOR COMPONENTS 系统和主要部件
5.1.4.1. Water pumps 水泵
Pressurization shall be achieved by one or a combination of more than one of the following:
增压将通过如下一种方法或多种方法组合实现：
 House tanks and conventional pumps
储水池和传统水泵
 Mains supply via RPZ (pressure reduced zone) valve arrangement
分区减压阀供水
 Booster pumps of the variable speed type, which maintain constant pressure, are preferred. System shall
include minimum of three pumps rated at approximately, 50% and 50% of required capacity. Pressure
sensor shall be located at the most remote fixtures on the top floor.
宜优先选择变频增压泵。它们能维持恒定压力。系统至少包括 3 个泵，它们分别额定在所需
容量的 50%和 50%。压力传感器将装在顶层最远的用水设备上。
5.1.4.2. Water Storage 水的储存
If the public water system is not a network, which can guarantee availability of water in adequate quantities
and pressures, a reserve supply shall be provided, as follows:
如果公用供水系统不能形成环网话,不就能供应足够的水量和具有足够的压力，则需要建立储水
箱，如下所述。
The water storage capacity can be calculated based on relevant Chinese Codes or the following method of
per person per day.
给水的储存量可以通过中国相关设计规范计算，或者遵循以下升/客人/天的计算方式。
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Based on relevant Chinese Codes, domestic cold water storage capacity is no less than 20% to 25% of daily
peak consumption. For areas with city water supply interruption more than 6 hours in recent years or in a
remote area, the capacity must be increased and approved by IHG.
根据中国相关设计规范，给水储存量不小于最高日用水量的 20%~25%。在最近几年市政停水每次
超过 6 个小时或是偏远地区，储水量应该增加并得到洲际的确认。
The storage tank shall be of minimum two-compartment food grade stainless steel. Water storage of remote
areas should be approved by IHG.
储水箱至少要提供 2 个分隔开的、使用食品级不锈钢材质的蓄水池来储存水。
Base storage capacity on 560 litres/guest/day (moderate climate) and 900 litres/guest/day (tropical) as a
minimum (410/750 litres for hotels without laundry).
基本储存量以 560 升/客人/天(适宜气候)和 900 升/人/天(热带气候)作为最小量计算(对没有洗
衣房的酒店，以 410/750 升/人/天作为最小量计算)。
Unless entire water supply requires treatment, consider storing untreated water in cistern. Exception is nonpotable water; no water that is not potable shall be stored in the building.
除非整个给水系统需要处理,考虑在蓄水池中储存未经处理的水。非饮用水是个例外，在大楼内
不储存任何非饮用水。
Provide dedicated water for Fire Protection (refer to section 7.0 for details).
应提供专用的消防用水(详情请参阅第 7.0 节)。
5.1.4.3. Water Treatment 水的处理
The following hardness levels shall be achieved:
将达到如下的硬度指标
Boilers 锅炉:
0ppm
Kitchens 厨房:
0ppm for dish/ glass washers, coffee machines. Dishwashers may need water
desalinated by a dedicated Reverse Osmosis plant.
0ppm 用于盘杯清洗器、咖啡机。洗碗机可能需要用专门的反渗透设备处理过
的去盐水
Laundry/Kitchens: 50ppm. Hard water can be used for last two rinse cycles in laundry washing machines.
洗衣房/厨房
50ppm，在洗衣机最后的二道清洗过程中，可用硬水
Cooling Towers:
120ppm
冷却塔
Hot water systems: 150ppm
热水系统
150ppm
Laundry effluent shall be treated in accordance with local codes to maintain specified parameters: pH,
alkalinity, and temperature.
洗衣房排出的水将按照地方法规处理，以维持所规定的参数：pH 值、碱度和温度。
Water softeners (sodium zeolite type) shall be provided for scale-forming waters.
硬水须通过软化装置(钠沸石型)软化，。
It is to be noted that water containing a TDS of 1000 mg/l is acceptable for potable use. The TDS must be
evaluated in terms of the impact to equipment and piping systems.
值得注意的是：含有 1000 毫克/升 TDS 的水，可以饮用。须经常根据设备和管道系统情况对 TDS
进行评估。
For salinated water, a desalination plant (Ionics or reverse osmosis (RO)) is required, based on a delivery of
900 liters/guest/day (tropical climate) and with 100% standby capacity. RO plants shall achieve this
performance after one year operation.
对于含盐量高的水，需要经过去盐设备（离子型或反渗透型RO）处理，热带气候以900升/人/天
的消耗量和100%的备用量作为计算基础。反渗透型RO设备可运转1年。
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RO plants shall be equipped with an economizer to reduce electricity consumption by app. 30%.
反渗透型RO机房将配有节水装置，可使电消耗减少30%。
For waters with high values of suspended solids, consider sand filtration.
对含有大量悬浮固体物质的水,应考虑用砂过滤。
Water supply to building shall be neither corrosive nor scale forming. Check Langelier/ Ryznar indexes.
Provide continuous monitoring and treatment facilities, including expendable test coupons in piping
system. For irrigation systems, where untreated water would be suitable, consider separate pumps and
controls utilizing cistern supply directly.
大楼的供水水质既不能有混蚀性，也不应有水垢。 检查 Langelier/Ryznar 指数。提供连续的
监视和处理设备,包括消耗性的给排水系统测试试纸。 浇花系统可用未经处理的水,因此，可考
虑利用专门的水泵和控制系统，直接从储水池取水。
Potable hot and cold water shall be provided to kitchens, staff areas including lockers, bars, guestrooms
– vanity, shower and bath.
适合饮用的热水和冷水将提供给厨房、职工更衣室、酒吧、客房洗脸盆、淋浴器和浴缸等。
Potable water shall be treated with a filter to remove suspended solids, odour and bacteria to 99.9%.
common systems include sand, resin, charcoal/carbon and ultraviolet sterilization. Treated water shall
not be stored and shall be treated between the domestic pump and guestroom.
饮用水将通过过滤器处理，以除去悬浮固体物质、臭味和细菌，除去率达99.9%。一般的系统包
括石英沙、树脂、活性炭和紫外线消毒。处理过的水不再存储，处理将在生活用水泵和客房之
间进行。
5.1.4.4. Domestic Hot Water System 生活热水系统
In order to prevent legionella bacteria domestic water shall be heated to 60°C and blended after the
storage tanks to 52°C. Water for each zone should be heated by storage type heaters or a combination of
instantaneous plate and frame heat exchangers and storage accumulators. Storage requirements for guest
rooms are 30 liters/room. Circulating pumps shall maintain temperature throughout the system.
Temperature drop along piping to the most remote fixtures shall not exceed 3C.
0
0
为防止军团细菌，应将生活用热水加热到60 C，储水箱水温为52 C。对每个分区的水，应采用容
积式加热器，或采用即热板框式热交换器和储存式热积累器组合加热。客房的储存量要求是30升
0
/房间。热水循环泵将用来维持整个系统的温度。在最远的用水设备处的温度下降不应超过3 C。
Ranges or items of equipment should be fitted with thermostatic blenders to ensure safe temperatures
from outlets where required.
热水出水须采用冷热水混合装置，以保证出水口的温度和安全，以免温度过高。
Thermostatic blenders may be included adjacent to draw offs in sensitive areas (eg, disabled toilets,
crèche facilities, etc) where extremely hot water may be considered hazardous.
冷热水混合装置应该安装在残废人厕所，托儿所等处。以保证安全。
Hot water shall be treated via treatment after it leaves the storage tank.
储水箱热水须经过处理。
5.1.4.5. Laundry Hot Water System 洗衣房热水系统
The laundry hot water system should supply 60°C water to all laundry washing machines.
0
洗衣房的热水系统应能向所有洗衣机提供60 C的热水。
Evaluate extent of piping system to determine feasibility and economical practicality of providing
system circulating pump. If required install timer to shut off circulating pump during laundry off-hours.
评估给排水系统的性能，以决定提供系统循环泵的可行性和经济实用性。如果需要，可安装定时
器，以便在洗衣房休息期间，关闭循环泵。
Distribution system should be as described under “Potable Water System”.
管道系统应如“饮用水系统”中所述。
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Where booster systems are required for domestic water systems, strong consideration shall be given to
retaining wherever possible, high volume and demand areas such as laundries on street pressure supply
since normally they are located in the lower portions of the building and required nominal residual
pressures at the equipment.
在生活用热水系统需要加压的地方，要特别注意那些可能需要大量用水的部门，如与市政压力
系统相连的洗衣房，通常处于大楼的较低部位，须考虑设备运转需要的压力。
In the event all water is to be supplied from the cisterns, consideration should be given to providing
dedicated pumps for the laundry. Where street pressure is adequate lower floors shall be fed directly,
provided local authorities do not require break-tanks.
在所有的水都从蓄水池供给的情况下，应该考虑为洗衣房提供专用泵。假定地方当局不需要采用
蓄水池，可以采用市政水，直接将水供给低层楼面。
5.1.4.6. Kitchen Hot Water System 厨房热水系统
The kitchen hot water system should be heated to 66°C and blended to provide 60°C water for all
kitchens.
0
0
厨房热水系统应被加热 66 C，经混合后，将 60 C 的热水提供给所有的厨房。
Water for dishwashers and glass washers requires softened water to zero degrees hardness. Consider
using reverse osmosis plant to obtain desalinated water, where required.
洗碗机和玻璃杯清洗器要求软化过的、硬度为零的水，在需要的地方，可考虑使用反渗透设备，
以去除盐水。
82°C water should be supplied from booster heater furnished under the kitchen equipment contract.
Where steam is available, it may be used to achieve required temperature through heat exchanger
(general contractor responsible for all connections, traps, strainers, valves, etc).
0
82 C的热水须通过厨房专用设备提供，在有蒸汽的地方，可通过热交换器达到所需温度(承包商
负责配置所有的连接接头、疏水装置、过滤装置和阀门等)。
5.1.4.7. Non-potable Water System 非饮用水系统
Water that is not sourced from the local water company mains, ie, is sourced from a borehole or
collected from storm-water shall be defined as non-potable water.
不是从地方自来水公司来的水，而是从深井或从收集暴雨水池中来的水，定义为非饮用水。
This system should be used in the following situations: 本系统应在下列情况下使用
 Where good quality drinking water is scarce.
高质量的饮用水难得
 Where grey water sources are available, such as rainfall, streams, boreholes, springs or lakes (if
permitted by local authorities), etc.
中水源容易得到, 如雨水、溪水、深井水、泉水或湖水(如果地方政府允许)等
 Where charges associated with water supply and sewage disposal are excessive.
在自来水价格和污水处理费用很高的地方
 Where local authorities subsidise grey water systems.
在地方当局给中色系统提供津贴的地方
Review pertinent data in conjunction with IHG when considering extent of application.
在考虑应用范围时，请与IHG一起，评估相关的数据。
Where a non-potable system is utilised, subject to Local Authority approval, it shall supply gardenwatering system (irrigation) only, however, where practicable the system may be used to flush WC’s,
feed cooling towers etc. No accessible taps should be connected to this system.
在使用非饮水系统的地方,应得到地方当局批准。它只提供给浇水使用,但是,如果可行，该系统
可用来供冲洗厕所、冷却塔等所用。
Note: Do not connect potable with non-potable water systems.
注意： 不要将饮用水系统与非饮用水系统连接起来。
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Non-potable water systems should be clearly identified.
非饮用水系统应该有醒目的标记。
5.1.5.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
5.1.5.1. Valves 阀门
Provide control valves at all equipment for risers in accessible locations for maintenance and repair and
drain valves so that each riser and the entire piping system can be drained.
立管所有设备的控制阀门需安装在便于维修的位置上；提供排水阀门，使每个立管和系统都能
排放。
Provide flanged, valved connections at all equipment.
所有设备的法兰，阀门和连接件需完好。
Provide check valves and vacuum breakers on all connections serving potentially submerged inlets.
在用于维修埋藏入口的所有连接器上，安装检查阀门和真空断路器
5.1.5.2. Sizing 尺寸
Pipework should be sized to give adequate flow rates to the fittings as listed in the table below. Account
should be taken for simultaneous usage of fittings as laid out in tables by local design guides (eg,
International Plumbing Code). Maximum velocity should be kept to 2.5m/s.
给排水管道尺寸应足够大，能在下表所列的装置上产生足够的流率。应该考虑根据地区设计指南
（如国际给排水法规），同时使用表中列出的装置。最大速度应保持在2.5米/秒。
Fixture Type2
设备类型
2
Minimum Size Connection
连接器的最小尺寸
Cold 冷
Hot 热
Bathtub4 浴缸
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Bidet 坐浴盆
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Combination Sink & Tray 水槽和浅水池
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Drinking Fountain 自动饮水器
12mm (3/8”)
-
Kitchen Sink 厨房水槽
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Lavatory 抽水马桶
12mm (3/8”)
12mm (3/8”)
Laundry Tray (1 or 2 Compartments) 洗衣池（1 或 2 个隔间）
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Shower, Each Head4 淋浴器，每个淋浴头
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Sink, Service5 (Cleaners) 服务洗涤槽（清洁器）
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
Urinal Pedestal 小便池基座
28mm (1”)
-
Urinal Wall Lip 小便池
15mm (½”)
-
Urinal Stall 小便池
22mm (¾”)
-
Urinal with Flush Tank with automatic flushing device
15mm (½”)
-
15mm (½”)
15mm (½”)
带有自动冲洗装置和水箱的小便池
Wash sink, Circular or Multiple (each set of taps)
洗手槽、圆形或复合型（每套水龙头）
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Fixture Type2
设备类型
2
Minimum Size Connection
连接器的最小尺寸
Cold 冷
Water Closet 厕所
Flush Valve 冲洗阀
Tank 水槽
Hot 热
28mm (1”)
12mm (3/8”)
1.
For supply outlets likely to impose continuous demands, estimate the continuous supply separately and
add to the total demand for fixtures.
对可能要求连续出水的供水口，应分别估计出连续供水量，并将它加到设备的总需求中。
2.
For fixtures not listed, weights may be assumed by comparing the fixture to a listed one, using water in
similar quantities and at similar rates.
对没有在表中列出卫生洁具,应在类似使用条件下与列出设备比较，
3.
Where both hot and cold-water are supplied to a feature. The weights for maximum separate demands
may be taken as seventy-five (75) percent of the listed demand for the supply.
在热水和冷水供应都需要的地方，最大的单独需求可取所列供水量的 75%。
4.
Shower over bathtub included in bathtub sizing.
浴缸上面的淋浴用水应包括在浴缸用水中。
Ignore demands for service (cleaners) sinks, except for hot water supply, and that for the cold water branch
to the fixture itself. Other fixtures, used out of hours, may be treated similarly.
除热水供应外，服务（清洁工人）洗涤槽的用水量可忽略,冷水应算到设备上。其它设备在下班
后的用水量，按类似方法处理。
5.1.5.3. Materials 材料
The materials used in the various piping systems shall be as follows:
各种给排水系统用的材料如下：
Cast Iron Water Pipe (C.I.W.P.) 铸铁水管
Mechanically jointed cast or spun iron, suitable for potable water supply and suitable for high pressures. The
pipework and fittings shall be suitable for burial below ground only.
适合于供应饮用水和高压水。给排水和相关设备适合于埋在地下。
Copper Tubing (C.T.) - (in pressure systems) 铜管-(在压力系统中使用)
Seamless drawn or extruded tubing with lead-free solder joints and non-dezincifiable Fittings or mechanical
joints. Pipework and fittings shall be suitable for use with potable water.
无缝拉制或挤压成型，机制配件。适合于饮用水使用。
Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (P.V.C.). Polybutelyne 聚氯乙烯管 聚乙烯
Rigid, unplasticized, normal impact pipe, with welded, push-fit or mechanical joints suitable for high
pressure supplies. (Acoustic requirements should be noted when PVC is used)
应具有刚性、塑性、成形配件，热熔焊接，用于高压供水(在使用pvc时，要注意声学方面的要
求)。
Steel Pipe (Stl.) 钢管
Steel pipes and malleable iron screwed fittings of medium weight, hot dipped galvanized shall be covered in
water-proof wrappings if buried below ground, to inhibit corrosion.
钢管，如果埋在地下的话，需注意防腐。
Stainless Steel (SS) 不锈钢
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Stainless steel pipework and fittings may be used where high quality finishes are required. Push fit or
mechanical joints shall be suitable for pressures to be imposed on the system.
用在要求较高的场合，成形配件，需与系统压力相适应。
5.1.5.3.1
Piping Schedule 管道材料
Materials for water supply systems shall be selected on the basis of the corrosive or scale forming
tendencies of the water.
供水系统用的材料将根据水的腐蚀或结成水垢的倾向选择。
In general, the following materials should be used. Where water characteristics indicate that less
expensive materials may be satisfactory, a water analysis containing all pertinent information shall be
submitted to IHG for a ruling.
一般说来，应选用下列材料。在水特性提示采用廉价材料就可以满足要求的地方,应将包
含所有相关数据的水分析送IHG供裁决。
Service
服务项目
Cold 冷水
Size
用量
All 全部
Hot 热水
All 全部
Buried cold water supply
埋藏的冷水供应
Standpipe 竖管
All 全部
Sprinklers 喷淋管
All 全部
Fountains (Decorative) 喷泉（装饰性）
Lawn Sprinkler To 草坪洒水装置
All 全部
To 65mm (2½”)
75mm (3”) and Up
All 全部
Material
材料
CT（铜管），SS 不锈钢
管（至少 SUS304 级别)，
PB/PP(1)
CT（铜管），SS 不锈钢
管（至少 SUS304 级别)，
PB/PP(1)
CIWP（铸铁水管），PB
DN≤100,镀锌钢管
DN>100,无缝钢管
DN≤100,镀锌钢管
DN>100,无缝钢管
PVC，PP
PVC，PP
CIWP（铸铁水管）
PVC，PP
Swimming Pools 游泳池
All 全部
Note:
注意：
(1) Cold water supplies to boilers, kitchen and laundry with hardness levels less than 50ppm
should be polybutylene only.
将硬度小于 50ppm 的冷水供给锅炉、厨房和洗衣房时，给排水材料应用聚丁烯。
(2)If chlorine compounds in supply water exceeds 50ppm, SUS316 stainless steel pipe should be
used in hot water system.
若自来水中氯化物含量超过 50ppm,则热水系统不锈钢管应采用 SUS316。
(1) PB/PP can only be used on branches
PB/PP 管仅适用于支管
5.1.5.3.2
Irrigation 浇花
Irrigation sprinkler heads shall be completely made of brass, shall be of the disappearing (pop-up)
type, shall be stationary or rotating action, full or partial circle. They shall be flush with the
ground when not in operation.
浇花洒水装置淋浴将全部用黄铜制成,具有消失(弹出)型,应具有静止或转动会议，可作整
圆或部分圆的转动。在不运转的时候，应与地面持平。
The sprinkler heads shall be connected to the water branch piping, using three elbows and nipples
to form a swing joint. The horizontal nipple shall be at least 200mm in length to provide for
adjustment of sprinkler to grade.
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洒水装置淋浴将连到支线水管上,用三个弯头和三通形成可转接头。水平三通至少长200毫
米，以调节洒水装置的倾斜度。
A preferred alternative system of irrigation is “leaky-pipe” which distributes water below ground
directly to planting beds, trees, etc.
首选的另一种形式的浇花系统是“渗漏管”系统，它直接将地下水管道系统到植被、树林
等地。
Systems shall be zoned, automatically controlled by solenoid actuated diaphragm valves and an
automatic timer. Water should be supplied form the non-potable water system. The system shall
monitor soil humidity and rainfall and irrigate accordingly.
浇花系统将划成许多区域,由螺形管启动的给水调整阀和自动定时器自动控制。所提供的水
形成的是非饮用水系统。该系统能监视土壤湿度、降雨量，并进行适当的浇花。
Pitch piping in areas where pipe is subject to freezing, for drainage purposes.
在给排水容易结冰的地区，可采用螺距管来排水。
5.1.5.3.3
Hot Water Heaters 热水加热器
Each heater shall, as a minimum, be equipped with the following:
每个加热器至少具有如下装备：
 Handhole
人孔
 Vacuum breaker (if copper lined)
温度控制器(如果是铜，连成一线)
 Pressure relief valve
安全阀
 High temperature alarm actuated when water temperature exceeds 66°C. Wired to the
Engineer’s alarm panel.
0
高温报警器。它连到报警面板上，当水温超过 66 C 时自动报警。
5.1.5.3.4
Insulation 保温
General 概述
Insulation shall be installed by Contractors specializing in this type of work.. Materials shall have
fire retardant non-toxic qualities.
保温材料将由擅长于这项工作的承包商负责安装。材料将具有阻燃无毒性质。
All insulation jackets, facings, membrane, adhesives, mastics, coatings and accessory materials
shall be non-hazardous, non-flammable and durable.
所有保温的套管、面料、薄膜、粘合剂、胶合铺料、涂料和辅助材料都是安全、 不易燃
和耐用的。
The ratings for insulation with factory applied jackets or facings shall be on a composite basis of
insulation, jacket or facing, and the adhesive used to adhere the jacket or facing to the insulation.
工厂所用的套管或面料保温等级，应以保温材料、套管、面料以及将套管或面料粘到保温
材料上的综合保温特性为基础。
Hot pipe insulation may be fastened with staples, but all cold pipes must include vapor barrier and
be sealed. For cold piping, insulation shall be sealed off at valves, fittings, flanges and at each 6
meters 0.02w/m°K of continuous run.
0
热水管保温需拴紧，水管，阀门、配件、凸缘等均需保温，每6米0.02w/m K。
Insulation shall be fiberglass, minimum of density. Premolded fittings shall be used, or if
unavailable, mitered sections or built-up blanket insulation shall be used. Hot service application
may utilize insulating cement. On cold water applications, continuous vapor barrier is required.
保温材料采用玻璃纤维。将采用预先成型的配件。如果没有,则采用斜接截面或组合覆盖保
温材料。
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Insulation shall be fastened in concealed locations with aluminum bands or soft annealed wires
and shall be fastened in exposed locations with aluminum bands, 300mm o.c.
注意隐蔽位置部件的保温，和暴露部分的保温，铝皮保护，300mm o.c
Insulation must be carried through or around hangers. For cold pipes, if insulation is carried
around hangers, the space around hanger must be sealed.
吊支架需同时考虑保温，
Insulation exposed to weather must be additionally protected with weatherproof jacketing.
室外管道的保温须采用保护罩保护。
Equipment, such as tanks, shall be insulated with fibre glass board and finished with open weave
glass cloth and finish coats of adhesive.
如水箱,需用玻璃纤维板保温，最后裹上稀松组织的玻璃纤维织物和粘合剂表面涂层。
Thickness of applied insulation must conform to local energy codes.
保温厚度按照地方法规确定。
Insulation Schedule (Minimum Requirements) 保温材料清单(最低要求)
Pipings Material
Foam Insulation Thickness, mm
管道材料
橡塑保温厚度（毫米）
SUBJECT TO DEW POINTS 与露点有关的
Cold Water Mains and Branches
20mm
冷水主管和支线管
Cold Water Risers (Including Pump Discharge)
20mm
冷水管道井立管（包括水泵）
Cold Water Fixture Risers
20mm
冷水立管配件
Cold Water Fixture Branches in Pipe Spaces
20mm
冷水支管平均
Cold Water Fixture Branches, Exposed
20mm
冷水支管平均，暴露的
Cold Water Fixture Branches above Ceilings
20mm
在天花上的冷水支管平均
SUBJECT TO EVALUATION OF WATER TEMPERATURES.
与水温和露点值有关
Hot Water Pipe and Fixture
DN≤50mm, 30mm
DN>50mm,50mm
热水及管配件
Piping Systems Equipment
Density of Fibre Glass Board
给排水系统设备
玻璃板密度
Hot Water Preheaters
38mm at 0.040 w/m²/°K.
热水预热装置
Hot Water Heaters
38mm at 0.040 w/m²/°K.
热水加热器
Cold Water Pneumatic Tanks
Vaporsealed 38mm at 0.040
w/m²/°K.
冷水气压缸
蒸汽密封的
Cold Water Meters
Fibre glass with foil facings, and
with an open weave glass cloth
冷水水表
jacket sealed, 38mm at 0.040
w/m²/°K
具有金属箔饰面和稀松组织玻
璃衣密封套的玻璃纤维，38mm
0.040 w/m²/°K
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5.1.5.3.5
Drain at lowest point 低位排水
Distribution shall be as described under “Potable Water System” (see 5.02 above).
水的管道系统如“饮用水系统”所述(见上面的5.02节)。
Provide piped expansion loops or offsets at approximately 30 meter (100ft) intervals for
expansion purposes.
间隔约30米(100英尺)的地方，需提供膨胀装置，以备热涨冷缩。
Provide air vents at the high point of system and at inversely trapped points.
在系统的高处设置放气，低位设疏水装置和存水弯。
5.1.6.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
Water consumption shall not exceed 410/560 liters/guest for hotels without/with laundry.
对无/有洗衣房的酒店，水的消耗量不超过410/560升/客人。
This can be achieved by incorporating design efficiency as follows:
可以通过利用如下的设计实现：
1. Consider using upstream water flow and pressure control devices such as “JEMFLO” on all faucets.
Restrictor type device mounted downstream from the faucet is not permitted.
建议在水龙上安装上水水流及压力控制装置。不允许在水龙头上安装下水限流型装置。
2. Where city water supply pressure is constant and adequate connect directly to lower floors of
service and public areas. Higher pressure zones shall have their own dedicated variable speed
pumping zone, one for each zone and without the use of pressure reducers. Maximum pressure is 5
bar/ zone.
在市政供水系统压力足够和保持不变的地方，可直接将水连接到服务区和公众区域的低层。
较高压力的地区将有它们自己的专用变速泵 ，每个区域都有一个增压泵，不采用减压器。
最大的压力为 5 巴/区。
3. Fixtures and appliances in guestrooms, public toilets, health facilities, service areas and staff
changing rooms shall limit flow to:
客房、公共盥洗室、健康设施、服务区和员工更衣室的用水设备和器具的流量,将限制在：
Wash basins: 6.8litres/min （by use of flow control or aerator）
面盆：6.8升/分钟（通过水流控制或充气设备）
Showers: 6.8litres/min by use of flow control (maximum 9litres/min)
淋浴：6.8升/分钟，通过水流控制（最大9升/分钟）
Staff showers: 6.8litres/min by use of flow control (maximum 9litres/min)
员工淋浴：6.8升/分钟，通过水流控制（最大9升/分钟）
Toilets: double action levers: 3/6litres/flush or high pressure 6litre/flush
厕所：双重冲水：3/6升/冲水或高压6升/冲水
Urinals: Proximity devices. 2litres/flush (maximum 4litres/flush)
小便池：接近装置：2升/冲水（最大4升/冲水）
4.
Recycle grey water from hand washbasins, bathtubs, sauna basin, laundry etc. for re-use in toilets,
cooling towers and irrigation only. Recover rain.
来自洗脸盆、浴缸、桑拿浴室、洗衣房等的中水，可循环使用，但只能用于厕所、冷却塔
和浇花方面。可利用雨水。
5.
Centralised kitchen operations. Function areas/ restaurants to be served centrally as much as
possible. Avoid multiple outlets with their own kitchen each.
采用主厨房操作，会议区/餐厅应尽可能由中央厨房提供服务。减少多个厨房的用水浪费。
6.
Provide water efficient dish/glasswashers.
提高洗碗机/玻璃杯清洗的用水效率。
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5.1.7.
7.
Water treatment: filter backwash cycles shall be automatic and limit water quantity by recovering
90% of all water. This requires secondary treatment with high efficiency membrane filters and
disinfection to feed back.
水处理：过滤器反冲洗应将自动循环进行，节约和利用全部水的 90%。这要求用高效薄膜过
滤器进行二次处理，并进行消毒和反馈。
8.
Garden irrigation systems shall be automatic, based on moisture content of the soil and tailored to
actual need of selected plants. Programme to function primarily at night. Avoid open spray type
irrigation, as much water is evaporated.
花园浇花系统将是自动的,将根据土壤湿度和所选植物的真实需要进行浇花。浇花应主要安
排在晚上进行。避免采用喷雾型浇花,以免大量的水蒸发。
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
5.1.7.1. Schedule of Plantroom Area Requirement 机房区要求清单
Item
项目
Water meter
水表
Incoming supply
进水
Water storage
水的储存
Salts storage for water treatment
水处理用盐的储存
Space Allocation
空间管道系统
Based on size of meter and valve arrangement
根据水表和阀门大小安排
Based on valve arrangement
根据阀门大小安排
Based on Nº of rooms
根据房间数目安排
Based on specialists requirements/frequency of deliveries, etc
根据专家要求/交付频率等安排
Services voids in ceilings and risers shall be allotted to accommodate water supply to buildings.
在天花板和立管里的空间部位，应安排合适的供水的系统。
5.1.8.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试
All systems should be fully tested and operational prior to turnover to IHG. Copies of all records must
be given to hotel Chief Engineer. Demonstration of system performance and instruction to IHG
personnel shall be included.
在转给IHG之前，应对所有系统进行全面的调试和试运转。所有记录的副本必须交给酒店总工程
师。系统性能的演示和说明也应提交给IHG。
Unless otherwise dictated by Code or authorities having jurisdiction, test piping systems as follows:
除非法规或有司法权的部门有特别规定，给排水系统调试将按如下方法进行：
Test all interior water distribution systems to a pressure of at least one and a half times their normal
operating static or street main pressure. Run test for two hours with no loss in pressure.
调试所有内部的水管道系统系统，其压力至少要高到它们正常运转或市政主水管压力的1.5倍。
在2个小时的调试期间，这个压力不会减小。
Sterilise the water piping system as required by Code or where in the judgement of the Design Engineer
it is required.
按法规要求，或根据设计工程师的判断要求，对水管系统进行杀菌消毒。
5.1.9.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS 操作、维修指南和工具
The Contractor should provide three sets of operating and maintenance instruction manuals, covering
completely equipment starting sequences, operation, maintenance, automatic controls, pumps and
compressors and listing of all spare parts. In addition, one set of operating and maintenance instructions
for each mechanical equipment room shall be neatly laminated in permanently translucent plastic and
hung where directed. Three sets of lubricating charts and manuals for each item of equipment shall also
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be furnished. Furnish a list of manufactures (with manes of local representatives) in order to expedite
ordering of replacement parts.
承包商应提供三套操作和维修指南手册, 包括所有设备启动次序、操作、维修、自动控制、水泵
和压缩机，及所有备件的目录。此外，还要将每个机械设备房的操作和维修指南制成半透明的塑
料薄片，挂在醒目的地方。还要提供三套润滑图和设备中每个部件的手册。再提供一份制造商清
单（包括地区代表的名字），以加快替换零件的订购。
Provide all special tools needed for proper operation, adjustment and maintenance of equipment. Tools
shall include one complete set of high grade wrenches for pumps, compressors and other equipment
furnished in a suitable hardwood or other approved container with lock and two (2) keys. Pasted on
inside cover shall be a list of all tools provided in box.
提供操作、调节和维修设备所需的全部特殊工具。工具中应包括全套高级扳手，以供水泵、压缩
机和其它设备所用。这些工具被放在适当的硬木箱或其它被认可的箱中，上有锁，还配有2把钥
匙。在箱盖里面贴有箱中配备的全部工具清单。
Furnish one pressure grease gun of approved design and size, complete with necessary adapters to fit all
lubricating fittings on installed equipment.
提供一个设计和大小已经核准的压力注油枪, 连同所需适配器。这些适配器能润滑已经安装在
设备上的所有配件。
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5.2.
WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM 软化水系统
5.2.1.
GENERAL 概述
Pressure type zeolite, duplex softeners should be provided where indicated by water analysis and water
supply requirements.
压力型沸石软化装置应能提供水质分析和供水需要。
5.2.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The removal of hard water can be accomplished using a base exchange water softener. The unit should
be automatic operation and rechange using proportional brining with a meter monitoring operation.
采用落地安装的软化水装置可以处理和降低水硬度，全自动控制监测运行，盐水再生的操作过
程，
The extent to which water is softened should be based on softening requirements.
水的软化程度应根据软化要求进行。
The following hardness levels shall be achieved: 水的硬度将达到如下水平
Boilers 锅炉:
0 ppm
Kitchens 厨房:
0 ppm for dish/ glass washers, coffee machines.
0 ppm 用于洗碗/杯机、咖啡机
Laundry/Kitchens:
50 ppm. Hard water can be used for last two rinse cycles in laundry washing
machines.
洗衣房/厨房
50 ppm。在洗衣机的最后二道漂洗过程中，可采用硬水
Cooling Towers:
120 ppm
冷却塔
Other area Cold/Hot water systems: 150ppm
其余区域冷水/热水系统
Note: Dishwashers may need water desalinated by a dedicated Reverse Osmosis plant.
注意: 洗碗机需要的水，需用专用的反渗透设备处理。
Softened water system requires non-return fixtures to prevent backflow.
软化水系统要求采用止回装置，以防止回流。
5.2.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
Equipment shall be as follows: 设备如下
Type of Operation
运转类型
Number of Softening Units
软化设备数量
Diameter Each Unit
每个设备直径
Design Pressure
设计压力
Main Operating Valve
主操纵阀
Tank Construction
水箱结构
Type Main Piping
主管材料
Size Main Piping
主管尺寸
Meters (One Per Unit)
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Automatic
自动
Two (minimum)，
1 个（至少）
Based on maximum 5.4l/s per m²
以每平方米最大值 5.4 公升/秒为基础
10% greater than maximum inlet
比最大入口压力大 10%
Motor operated multiport or hydraulic valve nest
电动或液压阀
Stainless Steel, at least SUS304 grade
不锈钢(至少 SUS 304 级别)
CT or SS(at least SUS304 grade)
铜管或不锈钢管(至少 SUS 304 级别)
Maximum velocity 2.5 m/s
最大流速 2.5 米/秒
Turbine type with auto reset head
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Type of Operation
运转类型
水表（每台一只）
Type Exchange Resin
交换树脂类型
Cubic Feet Resin/Unit
每台所需的交换树脂量
Resin Exchange Capacity
树脂交换能力
Salt
盐
Regeneration
再循环
Shell Height
外壳高度
Brine Saturator Tank
盐水饱和桶
Brine Measuring Tank
盐水测量桶
Brine Piping
盐水管道
Automatic
自动
涡轮型，具有自动复位头
High capacity polystyrene
高容量聚苯乙烯
760mm minimum depth
最小深度为 760 毫米
700,000gr/m³
700,000 克/米³
100 kilos per m³
100 公斤/米³
1 per day, each unit (maximum)
每台设备，每天 1 次（最多）
As required to hold resin with 25% free board above bed.
按要求保存树脂，从底部算起，应留 25%空间
Fibre glass construction - size for one week’s salt.
玻璃纤维结构，大小：够 1 周用盐量即可
Fibre glass construction - size for one regeneration
玻璃纤维结构，大小：够一次再生即可
UPVC
硬聚氯乙烯管
5.2.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
Softening of waters in hard water areas reduced the amount of precipitation and deposition of salts onto
heating elements, etc. This reduced efficiency of heat transfer to systems, which increases energy
consumption and costs. Limit softening to the absolute minimum. Generally, cold water does not have to
be softened, unless extremely hard.
在硬水地区，水的软化可以减少盐在加热元件上沉淀和沉积量。这种沉积减小了系统的热交换
效率，增加了能源消耗和成本。将软化限制在最小程度。一般说来，冷水不必软化, 除非它特
别硬。
5.2.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
Floor space is required for the following items: 下述设备需要的地面空间
Item
项目
Salt storage 盐的存储
Resin tank 树脂桶
Brine tank 盐水桶
O/A softener dimensions O/A 软化器尺寸
Approx Dimensions
近似尺寸
6 pallets 托盘- 3 x 3 x 2m 米 high 高
1 x 1 x 2.4m 米 high 高
1 x 1 x 1.5m 米 high 高
1.2 x 3.2 x 2.4m 米 high 高
The above is based on a large size twin softener delivering 11.4m³/hr however plant size does not reduce
relative to demand.
3
上述要求是建立在尺寸较大的双软化器基础之上的，它能提供11.4 米 /小时的水，机房大小不
应降低相关要求。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.3.
SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM 卫浴排水系统
5.3.1.
GENERAL 概述
The system shall provide for the drainage of all plumbing fixtures, kitchens and laundry equipment, through
piping drained by gravity, connecting into vertical risers and/or a house drain at the lowest level, and thence
into a public sewer or sewage treatment plant. Guestroom floor drains shall in all cases be charged via the
vanity basin. Soil waste shall be kept separate.
所有的卫浴洁具、厨房和洗衣设备排水, 需通过重力排水的管道系统，将排出的水连到立管或底
层住宅排水沟，再从那儿流入公共下水道，或污水处理厂。客房楼层的废水需集中排出，污水需
另行处理。
5.3.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
All horizontal piping should have a uniform slope of at least 1¼° and maintain a minimum velocity of
0.6 meters per second flow. Offsets where unavoidable in the riser greater than 45 degrees require a
relief vent as a vertical continuation of the lowest section of the riser, connecting into the vent riser one
floor above the offset, or may be continued separately through the roof.
0
所有水平管道应有统一倾斜度，至少倾斜 1¼°，保持最小流速 0.6 米/秒。立管接管大于 45
时，要求有一个缓冲透气管至立管最低端，与弯管上面一层的透气立管连接，分别通过屋顶。
The system is single stack drainage system utilizing special fittings and design criteria. All installations
must be designed and installed in strict accordance with Local Authority bylaws.
系统采用立管的排水系统，按照特殊的配件和标准设计。所有的设备安装都必须严格按设计要
求和地方当局的规定执行。
Review local code requirements for oil/gasoline interceptors for indoor parking facilities.
室内停车汽油排放的要求按照地方法规。
Review local code requirements for grease interceptors for Kitchen facilities. Individual grease traps
should be provided at each appliance likely to generate grease-laden waste products. Where individual
grease traps are impractical, a central grease trap, easily accessible for emptying into trucks, shall be
installed. (Typically externally located at loading dock.)
厨房隔油池的要求按照地方法规。每个可能产生油脂废物的器具需配置单个隔油池。在配置单
个隔油池有困难时，应该配置中央隔油池。这样做，有利于清空油脂，装车运走（外卸货平台
特别适合于配置中央隔油池）。
ABS or PVC pipes shall not be used for drainage in guest area due to noise problem. Use ductile iron or
cast iron pipe with mechanical victaulic couplings.
由于噪音问题，客区的排水不得使用 ABS 或 PVC 管。可以使用带机械式费托立克接头的球墨铸
铁管或生铁管。
5.3.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
5.3.3.1. Piping 管道
Minimum sizes of wastes are: 污水管道的最小尺寸
Fixture
Outlet Size
卫浴设备
出口尺寸
Lavatory Basins 洗脸盆
35mm 毫米(1¼”)
Bathtubs 浴缸
42mm 毫米(1½”)
Bidet 坐浴盆
35mm 毫米(1¼”)
Water Closet 厕所
100mm 毫米(4”)
Urinal Bowl 小便池
42mm 毫米(1½”)
All connections from branches to soil risers to be made with a sanitary tee having a sanitary sweep.
在各支线到污水立管之间的所有接头，须采用带有清扫口口的T形三通。
Floor wastes shall be used in all bathrooms and fed from vanity basin to avoid evaporation.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
所有浴室地面上需安装地漏。
5.3.3.2. Clean-outs 清扫口
Provide clean-outs every 15 meters in horizontal piping and at every change in direction greater than 45
degrees. Clean-outs shall be accessible, through removable ceilings, access panels, or by extension to a
finished surface. For example, where drainage piping occurs above high ceiling areas such as Lobbies,
Ballrooms and the like, clean-outs shall be extended to flush type floor clean-out deck plates. Dead-ends
shall be avoided except where necessary to extend a clean-out.
0
在横向管道方面，每隔15米需安装清扫口，在每次方向改变大于45 时，也需同样的清扫口。清
扫口应容易进行维护。例如，在排水管位于高的天花板上面时，如大厅、舞厅等,清扫口就应该
考虑维护和清扫方便，除了需要延长和增加清扫口外，管道应该尽可能防止死角。
5.3.3.3. Ejector Systems 排水系统
Fixtures or drainage piping, located below the invert of the sewer in the street or place of disposal, require a
separate system of piping. Discharge is to be by gravity into an airtight ejector pit, then pumped by
mechanical means into the house drain or as a separate connection to the sewer. Pumps must be in duplicate,
designed to operate alternately, except when one is out of order, and be supplied by emergency power if
available.
污水处理排水管道与市政地下水道系统需分开。在重力作用下，污水进入污水池，污水排放需采
用机械方法将它泵出，与下水道连接。污水水泵设计必须成双，设计成交替运转，除非其中有一
台水泵不能工作，需配置紧急备用动力。
All drainage pumps shall be of the non-clog impeller type, capable of passing a minimum of 65mm
diameter sphere. If the submersible type, it should include a quick pump removable feature to permit easy
removal of pump with dismantling discharge piping
所有的排水泵应采用叶轮型排水泵, 能使最小直径为65毫米的球通过。如果采用潜水泵,它应能
快速被更换，能容易地与排水管道分离。
5.3.3.4. Venting System 透气系统
The sanitary drainage system should be provided with a system of vent piping, which will permit the
admission or venting of air, so that the fixture trap shall not be subjected to a pressure differential of more
than 25mm of water. This can be accomplished in the vertical piping with separate soil and vent risers, or
with an automatic air admittance valve. Branch piping for the systems must be in strict accordance with
local standards. Install relief vents between the soil and vent riser at least every 10 stories. Sizes of vent
risers and branches shall be based on Local Authority guidelines. Branch vent connections to riser shall be
made above the rim of the fixtures. Vent risers shall be connected to adjacent soil riser at the base of the
riser.
卫生排水系统应与透气管道系统一起提供，透气管道允许空气进出,这样，卫生洁具的存水弯就
不会受超过25毫米的压差影响。在垂直管道中，应将污水管和透气管分开来，或者安装一个自动
的空气阀门。系统的支线管道需与地方标准严格一致。在垂直污水管和垂直透气管之间，至少每
隔10层需安装通气管。垂直透气管和支线尺寸将根据地方政府指南决定。支线透气管与立管的连
接应在卫生器具的边上进行。垂直透气管将在立管底部与邻近的污水管相连。
5.3.3.5. Plumbing Shaft Drainage 管道井排水
The bottom level of all mechanical shafts, uninterrupted by intermediate slabs and which terminate above
finished areas and which are sealed against fire, shall be provided with a 50mm drain, piped to a visible
point of discharge.
每层管道间底板需封堵和防火，地面需有一个 50 毫米的地漏排水管，
Access doors should be provided as required for maintenance purposes. Proposed locations of access doors
should be submitted to the Architectural and Engineering Department of IHG for approval, and coordination
with other Trades in the design of reflected ceiling plans. Wherever practical, avoid locating access doors
for Guest Room water riser control valves within Guest Rooms.
管道井应提供检修门，检修门位置的应送 IHG 的技术服务部审批，管道井应与平顶天花设计中的
其它设计协调。应避免将客房立管控制阀门的检修门安装在客房内。
5.3.3.6. Indirect Waste System 集水沟
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
An indirect waste system should be installed to collect discharges from overflow, thermal relief and
pressure relief valves. Upper level plantroom gullies may also be connected to this system. The system
should be routed to discharge over a plantroom gully or sump at the lowest level.
集水沟用以收集溢出的水，以及安全阀排出的水。上层机房的集水沟也可以与其相连。集水沟的
水需集中至最底层的集水坑。
5.3.3.7. Manholes and Inspection Chambers 检修孔（室）
Manholes should be constructed of concrete, brick or pre-cast concrete block, tapered to a cast iron frame
and cover. Where manhole cover is situated internally a double seal airtight cover must be installed.
检修孔（室）应结合混凝土、砖块或预制混凝土块建筑，采用铸铁框架和盖子。
Manhole bottoms should be of poured concrete with either smooth channels or haunched around purpose
made cast iron inspection chamber branches.
在检修孔底部应灌注混凝土
Provide step irons include cement waterproofing internally and externally.
防水的钢筋水泥台阶。
5.3.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
Ideally all drainage should be achieved by gravity, avoiding unnecessary use of sewerage ejectors or sump
pumps.
在理想情况下，所有排水均借助于重力实现,避免使用污水泵和集水坑泵。
Where feasible recycle gray water from hand washbasins, bathtubs, laundry, sauna pool. Collect rain water,
treat and re-use for toilets, irrigation, boilers and cooling tower.
在那些可再循环使用的来自洗脸盆、浴缸、洗衣店、桑拿浴等水的地方，可收集雨水，并进行处
理，供盥洗室、灌溉、锅炉和冷却塔使用。
Interceptors should be incorporated into the design to collect grease from kitchen equipment and petrol
from car parks and loading bay areas.
厨房需设计隔油池油脂、收集厨房，车库、卸货平台的油脂
5.3.5.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试
All systems should be fully tested and operational prior to turnover to IHG. Copies of all records shall be
given to hotel Chief Engineer. Demonstration of system performance and instruction to IHG personnel
should be included.
在将系统交给IHG之前，应对整个系统进行全面的试运转和调试。所有记录的副本应交酒店总工
程师。该记录应包括系统性能的演示和对IHG人员的说明。
Unless otherwise dictated by Code or authorities having jurisdiction, test piping systems as follows:
除了法规或当局指令之外，管道系统的调试内容应包括：
Tests the drains, waste and vent piping inside the building. Test should include the entire system from the
lowest point of the system to the highest pipe above the roof. The air tests shall be applied to the plumbing
drainage system in its entirety or in sections. Sections, which are found satisfactory, need not be re-tested
after completion of the entire system unless considered necessary by the proper administrative authority.
调试建筑物内的排水、污水和透气系统。调试应该包括从最低点到屋脊上最高管道的整个系
统。空气调试适用于全部或部分管道排水系统。在整个系统完工之后，那些已经发现可以满足
要求的地方，不需要重测，除非有关主管认为有此必要。
The piping of plumbing drainage and venting systems should be air tested upon completion of the first fix
installation. Air should be forced into the system until there is a uniform pressure of 38mm water gauge
(2.4mbar) on the portion of the system being tested. The pressure must remain constant for 15minutes
without the addition of air.
排水和透气系统管道应是在第一次安装固定之后进行空气测量。强迫空气进入系统，直到系统被
测部分出现均匀的38毫米水柱压力(2.4毫巴)为止。在不补充空气的条件下，这个压力必须能保
持15分钟不变。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
After the plumbing fixtures have been set and their traps filled with water, their connections should be tested
and proven gastight and watertight by plugging the stack openings on the roof and the building drain where
it leaves the building, and air introduced into the system equal to the pressure of 25mm water gauge. Such
pressure should remain constant for the period of inspection without the introduction of additional air.
在卫生器具安装之后，它们的存水弯就填满了水，应对它们的接头进行检测。通过堵塞屋顶上的
开口和离开大楼的排水沟，来检查它们对空气和水的密封情况。引入系统的空气等于 25 毫米水
柱压力。在不补充空气的条件下，这个压力应在检测期间保持不变。
5.3.6.
SPARE PARTS 备件
The Engineer should specify a requirement for spare parts to be furnished by the Plumbing Contractor. The
number and type of spare parts should relate to the type of equipment specified and to the availability of a
source of supply. The following list represents a minimum standard which the Engineer shall enlarge upon
as required by local conditions.
给排水安装公司（Plumbing Contractor）所提供的备件需按照项目工程师的详细说明由和要求提
供。备件数量和型号必须与指定的设备型号相匹配，与货源相吻合。下面的清单列出的是最低标
准，负责该项目的工程师应根据当地情况，对此作进一步说明。
Equipment
Local Manufacture
Imported
设备
本地生产
进口
Pumps
Enough packing to repack all
pumps
Same plus Manufacturer’s
export kit
水泵包装完好
成套工具
5% complete valves each size
and type; 10% complete
repacking, reseating kits each
type
10% complete valves each
size; 20% complete
repacking, reseating kits
each type
全部阀门的 5%，成套工具的
10%
全部阀门的 10%，成套工
具的 20%
All Plumbing Motors
Manufacturer’s export kit
Manufacturer’s export kit
全部马达（水泵）
厂商出口的成套工具
厂商出口的成套工具
All Plumbing Starters,
Contractors and Relays
1 set of contacts each type
1 magnetic coil each type
2 sets contactors each type;
2 magnetic coil each type
所有管道控制箱、接触
器、继电器
每个型号一套接触器；
每个型号 2 套接触器；
每个型号一个磁性线圈
每个型号 2 个磁性线圈
Grease Interceptor
3 months
隔油装置
3 个月
Manufacturer’s export kit;
Chemicals for 3 month
operation
水泵
All Hand Operated Shutoff
Valves
所有手动阀门
成套工具
3 个月运转用的化学制品
Access Doors
10% gaskets nuts and bolts
Manufactures export kit.
检修门
10%垫圈，螺栓
成套工具
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.4.
SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM 污水处理系统
5.4.1.
GENERAL 概述
Where municipal sewers are not available, provide a complete extended aeration sewage treatment plant
capable of treating the effluent from the building sanitary system and discharging the treated effluent where
dictated by local authorities.
在城市没有污水下水道系统时，需建一个完善的延时曝气的污水处理装置，处理来自大楼卫生设
备排出的污水，并根据地方政府规定的要求，排出经过处理的水污水。
5.4.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
Design of all sewage treatment plants must conform to all local health codes. If local health codes are not
available, the sewage treatment plant should be designed on the basis of the following minimum standards.
所有污水处理装置的设计，必须遵守所有的地方健康法规。如果该地没有健康法规，污水处理
装置应根据以下的最低标准设计。
The system should be complete with the following minimum main components as hereinafter specified:
污水处理系统完成时，至少应具备如下几个主要部分：
 Sewage treatment plant
污水处理机房
 Chlorination equipment (only if discharged to surface waterways or used for irrigation. Not required for
effluent to seepage pits or the like.)
氯处理设备（仅在排到河道或用于灌溉时采用，不要求为排出物准备渗漏坑或类似实施）。
 Pump house
泵房
 All piping, fittings, valves, hangers, etc., to complete the mechanical installation
完成机械安装所需要的所有管道、接头配件、阀门、挂钩等。
Clarifier surface and weirs should be designed for peak flow rates and not normal daily flow rates.
在设计地面和拦水坝时，应考虑能应付高峰流量和非正常的日流量。
The plant should be modified to include tertiary treatment if required by the final point of discharge or
terminal point use of effluent. Particular emphasis must be addressed to tertiary treatment if effluent is to be
used for irrigation.
如果排水终端出口达不到的要求，污水处理装置需进行改造达到三级处理能力。
Disposal of effluent may include leaching fields and or seepage pits where discharge to surface waters is not
permitted. For disposal of sludge, drying beds may be considered. However primary consideration should
be given to the use of local disposal facilities.
污水处理设施不允许渗漏和影响周边的用水，淤泥处理需考虑干的场地，可以考虑使用当地的处
理设备。
5.4.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION 规格和应用
Source
Sewage Flow/Person
污水源
污水流量/人
Guests 客人
Resorts & Japan 度假村和日本
Tropical Countries 热带国家
Employees 员工
Restaurant 餐厅
Laundry 洗衣房
Without recovery
无回收利用设施
With recovery
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230 litres/day 升/天
350 litres/day 升/天
300 litres/day 升/天
50 litres/day 升/天
35 litres/cover 升/人次
Organic Loading
有机负荷量
(5-day B.O.D.)
5 天的生化需氧量 B.O.D
0.060 kilos 公斤
0.086 kilos 公斤
0.074 kilos 公斤
0.010 kilos 公斤
0.045 kilos/ cover 公斤/人次
25 litres/kg 升/公斤
0.005 kilos/公斤
15 litres/kg 升/公斤
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
有回收利用设施
Assume 7,5 kg linen/occupied room
假设：有客人入住的房间，每间需
用洗衣量 7,5 公斤
Typical total consumption figures are 400-600 litres/guest in moderate and 600-800 litres/guest in tropical
climate zones, which includes all of the above. They differ primarily by hotel type (business v. resort),
facilities (laundry), number of restaurants, and employees etc.
在一般情况下，将上述所有项目加起来的消耗总量为 400-600 升/客，在热带地区，为 600-800 升
/客。它们之间的差别主要是由旅馆类型（商务型和度假村）、设施（有无洗衣房）、餐厅数目
和员工人数等的不同而引起的。
The plant should be based on 5 day B.O.D. (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) capacity as scheduled above,
with loading of 0.37 kilos per m.3 (23.0 lbs./1000 cu. ft.) of capacity. The preferred system is the extended
aeration plant.
3
该设备应以 5 天生化需氧量（B.O.D）为基础（如上表所示）。容量为 0.37 公斤/米 （23.0 磅
3
/1000 英尺 ）。首选系统是延时曝气设备。
Standby Provisions 备用条款
All compartments should be sectionalized and equipment furnished in duplicate, or two complete plants
shall be installed, each sized for 50% of the load, to facilitate maintenance and repairs.
为便于维修，所有的隔间都应分开，设备应该安装双份或将两个设备安装在两个完全独立的机房
中，每台承担负载的一半。
5.4.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
Discharge of treated water to soak-a-ways or water courses should be monitored on a regular basis to
ensure outfall content is not hazardous to the local environment. Assess suitability of site with regard to
reed-bed filtration for the treatment of grey/waste water for the development.
应根据地方规定，对污水排出进行监视和检查，以保证排出污水不会对河道和地区环境等造成
危害。根据各个地方的不同要求，可以进一步采取过滤等措施利用“中水”。
5.4.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
The sewage disposal plant should be situated at a lower level than the development, adjacent to roadway
or hard standing or at a maximum distance of 30 metres from the nearest road. Access route from
roadway to plant area should avoid occupied areas, either internally or externally (eg, bathing areas,
tennis courts, etc).
污水处理装置应建在地势较低、邻近道路或地基坚固的地方，或者，选在离最近道路的距离最
大不超过 30 米的地方。从道路到污水机房之间，不应有如游泳池、网球场等建筑物。
5.4.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试
The performance of the system should be demonstrated by taking hourly samples of the raw sewage and
final effluent over a twelve hour period, freezing each sample as it is taken. The samples should be
taken at periods which approximate the flow rates specified by the plant. The samples shall be
combined and a 5 day B.O.D. run, the results of which must verify the treatment plant’s capacity, prior
to acceptance, at less than 20 ppm. Plant performance, other than guarantees, must be specified to start
one year after startup, demonstrating plant performance under minimum 50% loading.
应对系统进行试运转，以观察其性能。在超过 12 小时的周期内，每隔 1 小时对原始污水和经过
处理的最后出水，进行取样，并将每个样品都冷冻起来。样品应在接近工厂所规定的流速期间
提取。将样品混合起来，按 5 天生化需氧量要求运转。在验收之前，试运转的结果一定要能证实
设备的处理能力，即小于 20 ppm。设备的性能必须在启动一年（担保）内加以详细说明，设备
性能的演示至少要在 50%的负载条件下进行。
Submit copies of all commissioning and testing reports to IHG.
将所有试运转和调试报告的复印件送交 IHG。
For manhole recommendations and leaching basins, see item 5.5.3.2 below.
对检修孔的建议和水池的说明，参见下面的 5.5.3.2 节。
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SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.4.7.
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS 操作、维修指南和工具
The Contractor should provide three sets of operating and maintenance instruction manuals, covering
completely equipment starting sequences, operation, maintenance, automatic controls, pumps and
compressors and listing of all spare parts. In addition, one set of operating and maintenance instructions
for each mechanical equipment room shall be neatly laminated in permanently translucent plastic and
hung where directed. Three sets of lubricating charts and manuals for each item of equipment should
also be furnished. Furnish a list of manufactures (with names of local representatives) in order to
expedite ordering of replacement parts.
承包人应提供 3 套操作和维修手册，其中包括所有设备的操作，维修手册、设备启动程序，操
作，运行，自动控制、水泵和压缩机和所有备件的清单。此外，应将一套关于每个机械设备房
的操作、保养的说明，制成图板，封在半透明的塑胶里面，挂在需要的地方。需提供 3 套润滑
图和有关设备每个项目的手册。还要提供一份生产单位的清单（附有地区代表联系人），以便
尽快地采购和替代零件。
Provide all special tools needed for proper operation, adjustment and maintenance of equipment. Tools
should include one complete set of high grade wrenches for pumps, compressors and other equipment
furnished in a suitable hardwood or other approved container with lock and two (2) keys. Pasted on
inside cover shall be a list of all tools provided in box.
需提供操作、调节和维修设备所需的全部特殊工具。工具中应包括一整套专用扳手，以便操作
水泵、压缩机及其它设备。这些设备装在一个合适的硬木箱或其它被认可的箱子中，并配有锁
和 2 把钥匙。贴在箱盖里面的是箱中所有工具的清单。
Furnish one pressure grease gun of approved design and size, complete with necessary adapters to fit all
lubricating fittings on installed equipment.
提供一个专用的压力注油枪，连同所需的配件，以便在安装设备时，能给所有需要润滑的零件
润滑。
5.4.8.
SPARE PARTS 备件
The Engineer should specify a requirement for spare parts to be furnished by the Plumbing Contractor. The
number and type of spare parts must relate to the type of equipment specified and to the availability of a
source of supply. The following list represents a minimum standard, which the Engineer shall enlarge upon
as required by local conditions.
合同承包商应提供的备件需按照工程师详细说明和要求提供。备件数量和型号必须与指定的设备
型号相匹配，与货源可用性一致。下面的清单代表的是最低标准，负责该项目的工程师可以根据
当地情况，对此作进一步说明。
Equipment
Local Manufacture
Imported
设备
当地生产
进口
Pumps
Enough packing to repack all
pumps
Same plus
Manufacturer’s export
kit
水泵
足以给所有需要重新包装的水
泵打包
All Hand Operated Shutoff Valves
相同，成套出口工具
5% complete valves each size
and type; 10% complete
repacking, reseating kits each
type
10% complete valves
each size; 20%
complete repacking,
reseating kits each type
全部阀门的 5%；全部成套工
具的 10%
每种尺寸阀门的
10%；成套工具的 20%
All Plumbing Motors
Manufacturer’s export kit
所有给排水马达
成套出口工具
Manufacturer’s export
kit
所有人工操作的阀门
成套出口工具
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
Equipment
Local Manufacture
Imported
设备
当地生产
进口
All Plumbing Starters, Contractors and Relays
1 set of contacts each type
所有管道控制箱、接触器、继电器
每个型号一套接触器；
2 sets contactors each
type; 2 magnetic coil
each type
1 magnetic coil each type
每个型号一个磁性线圈
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
每个型号 2 套接触
器；
每个型号 2 个磁性线
圈
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.5.
STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM 雨水排水系统
5.5.1.
GENERAL 概述
Provide a complete system of storm drainage piping inside the building, collecting water from all roof areas,
setback areas, plazas, etc. Connect to headers and, in turn, connect to house drains which will discharge into
a storm sewer, combination sewer, ocean, rain water cisterns, or swale, as conditions dictate. All
drainage below gravity level should be collected and drained into a sump and then pumped into the
storm house drain. Pumps should be in duplicate and be provided with emergency power where
available.
提供完整的大楼雨水排水管道系统，将所有从屋顶区、逆流区和广场区的水收集起来，连到蓄
水塔，或连到住宅排水沟，再将它们汇集到雨水下水道、联合下水道、开阔地带、雨水池或沼
泽地。所有在重力下排出的水，都应该收集起来，排到一个深水坑中，然后再泵到雨水管道
中。水泵应该成双，还应该为水泵提供紧急备用动力。
In those areas where the water supply is limited, the storm piping may discharge into a cistern for use of
non-potable system. Refer to section 5.1 for details of non-potable water systems.
在那些供水受到限制的地区，暴雨管道可能与蓄水池相连，以供非饮用水系统应用。关于非饮用
水系统的细节，请参照上面的第5.1节。
5.5.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
As a minimum, unless otherwise dictated by code, design storm drainage based on records kept for the area
for 10 minute, 25-year interval storm. Coordinate with Architect and IHG to provide balconies with drains
piped to the storm drainage system.
除非有其它法规规定，所设计的最小暴雨排水量应根据该地区，在25年间，发生的10次雨水记
录计算。建筑师和IHG之间要进行协调，阳台排水，需采用管道与雨水排水系统相连。
5.5.3.
SPECIFCATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格与应用指南
5.5.3.1. Hard Standing Area Drainage 大面积地面排水
All areas including parking areas, walkways, loading bays, etc, shall be drained by means of grading the
area towards catch basins or curb drains, piped to sewers, swale, ocean, as directed. Provide manholes for
maintenance. Where required by local codes provide gasoline/petrol interceptors, ventilated to atmosphere
in compliance with local regulations.
包括停车场、人行道、进货台等在内的所有地区，都要有一个缓和的坡度,让雨水水进入下水道
入口处的隔栅，或路边排水沟, 再用管道连接下水道、沼泽地、开阔地带。为了维修，需提供检
修孔。在地方法规要求的地方，还要提供汽油排气收集装置。
5.5.3.2. Manholes and Inspection Chambers 检修孔和检查室
Manholes should be constructed of concrete, brick or pre-cast concrete block, tapered to a cast iron frame
and cover. Where manhole cover is situated internally a double seal airtight cover must be installed.
检修孔应用混凝土、砖块或预制混凝土块建筑，然后渐渐缩小为一个铸铁框架和盖子。在检修孔
盖放在内部时，必须安装双层密封盖。
Manhole bottoms should be of poured concrete with either smooth channels or haunched around purpose
made cast iron inspection chamber branches.
检修孔底部应灌注混凝土，并有平坦通道，或设有供各种应用的拱腋，使铸铁检验室成分支状分
布。
Provide step irons include cement waterproofing internally and externally.
在内部和外部，应配置能防水的钢筋水泥台阶。
5.5.3.3. Catch Basins 隔栅滤污器
Catch basins may be constructed of brick, concrete or precast concrete with cast iron frames and grates,
interior and exterior finished same as manholes described above.
滤污器可用砖头、混凝土或具有铸铁框架和栅格的预制混凝土建筑。内外结构与上述检修孔相
同。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.5.3.4. Seepage Pits 集水坑
Where dry wells are desired for seepage purposes, construct with 200mm concrete block with open vertical
joints and mortared horizontal joints. Provide concrete slab cover or frame and grating and surround the
entire periphery of dry well with a 600mm wide layer of 25mm to 38mm crushed stone.
集水井的井壁需用 200 毫米混凝土块构建。该混凝土块上具有敞开的垂直关节和用灰泥涂抹成的
横向关节。提供混凝土板盖或框架和栅栏, 并用 600 毫米宽、25 到 38 毫米的碎石围在干井的四
周。
5.5.3.5. Drainage from Roof & Terrace Areas 屋顶和平台排水
“Flat” roof areas should be built to a minimum falls of 1:200. Outlets should be positioned at the
perimeter of roof areas with thresholds to raised plantrooms, etc, at roof level set at higher flevel than
the roof edge. Roofs with parapet walls or which are landlocked, such as valley gutters, should have
overflow arrangements in addition to the roof outlets.
平屋顶区域应建有1:200的最小落差。出口应在屋顶边上，并在到机房等的路上设一个比屋脊边
缘略高的门槛。对具有胸墙的屋脊,或被陆地包围的地区（如谷沟）来说，除了考虑屋脊出水口
之外，还应该考虑为过大的水量作出安排。
5.5.3.6. Drainage from Pitched Roof Areas 斜屋顶区排水
The traditional method of drainage surface water from pitched roof areas is by means of guttering.
Gutters are available in various materials, but chiefly cast iron, aluminium and UPVC.
斜屋顶区排水的传统方法是靠排水沟排水。排水沟的材料很多，但主要是铸铁、铝和 UPVC。

Cast Iron guttering and down pipes are usually supplied unpainted apart from primer, to be painted
in co-ordination with architectural finishes.
供应的铸铁排水沟和落水管需采用底漆，在建筑完成后，再协调上漆

Aluminium guttering and down pipes are usually supplied pre-coated in colours specified by the
procurer/architect to co-ordinate with finishes.
供应的铝质排水沟和落水管颜色，通常涂由建筑师协商指定。

UPVC guttering and downpipes are usually self coloured plastic with the range of colours
dependant upon the manufacture selected.
UPVC 排水沟和落水管通常本身是有色的塑料制品，颜色范围由生产者决定。
Each of the above types of guttering comes in a range of profiles with circular or rectangular
downpipes.
上述类型排水沟的截面形状有圆形的，也有方形的。
In areas subject to snow fall conditions it is advisable to fit snow-boards prior to the gutters to prevent
slippages of snow dislodging or damaging the gutters.
在多雪地区，在水槽前面加上适当的挡雪板是明智的，这样做，可防止雪的滑移将排水沟移位或
破坏。
Down pipes from gutter should have strainers fitted in the nozzle outlets from the gutter to prevent
ingress of large objects, debris, or fowl entering the downpipe. Downpipes should be fitted with access
panels at bends or branches in excess of 45°and at the lowest point of the downpipe prior to the
connection to drain.
在落水管出口的地方应配有滤网, 以防止大型物体、碎片或鸟类进入落水管。在弯曲处、在超
0
过 45 的支线和在落水管与排水沟连接的最低点处，应安装检修板。
5.5.3.7. Syphonic Surface Water Systems 大表面排水系统
Where very large flat surface areas require drainage, syphonic drainage systems may be considered.
Systems are available for roof areas and hard standing areas such as car parks.
在面积非常大的区域排水时,可考虑采用虹吸式排水系统。现有的虹吸式排水系统可用于屋脊和
坚硬地面（如停车场）的排水。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
The system operates on the principle of syphonic action, with carefully sized outlet connections to
horizontal surface water manifold pipes. These are connected to downpipes designed to flood under
normal operating conditions creating a plug of water, which in turn floods the manifold and outlets.
Then the action of gravity upon this plug of water literally sucks the surface water into the system.
系统是在虹吸作用原理基础上运转的，需仔细考虑与各种水平表面水多通管道的出口连接（特别
要注意尺寸一致）。这些表面水多通管道与落水管相连，设计时，应考虑在正常情况下，水非常
多时能产生水堵，使水从表面水多通管道和出口溢出。然后，在重力作用下，这种水堵就能将表
面水吸入该系统。
The systems are normally designed, supplied and installed by Specialist Contractors, using fusion
welded plastics for pipe and fittings. They are not suitable for smaller roof areas because of the large
quantity of water flow required to initialise the systems operation. Contact IHG when considering the
application of syphonic systems
本虹吸系统设计、供应和安装需由专门的单位设计、供应和安装，管道和配件均采用熔融焊接
的塑料制品。它们不适合小型屋脊面积使用，因为该系统的启动要求水的流量很大。在考虑采
用虹吸时，请与IHG联系。
5.5.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境与能源保护
Ideally all storm water drainage should be achieved by gravity, avoiding unnecessary use of sumps and
sump pumps.
在理想情况下，所有雨水的排出均靠重力进行，这样，可以不使用集水井和潜水泵。
To conserve water, storm water should be collected in storage cisterns for use with the non-potable
water system.
为了保存水, 应该将雨水水收集起来，放在蓄水池中，供非饮用水系统使用。
5.5.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
Services zones on upper floors and below terraces and balconies should be allowed for the horizontal
transfer of surface water from outlets to riser shafts.
在高楼层、露台和阳台下的服务区，应允许将地面水经过水平横向转送到立管中。
Where surface water cisterns are to be included a space should be allotted at low level or ground level
that is of adequate size based on expected rainfall.
在需要收集表面水和设计蓄水池时，应在较低的层面或地面上安排，应对降雨量的进行估计。
5.5.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试
All systems should be fully tested and operational prior to turnover to IHG. Copies of all records should
be given to hotel Chief Engineer. Demonstration of system performance and instruction to IHG
personnel should be included.
系统在移交IHG之前，应对整个系统进行全面的试运转和调试。所有记录的副本应交酒店总工程
师。该记录应包括系统性能的演示和操作运行的说明。
Unless otherwise dictated by Code or authorities having jurisdiction, test piping systems as follows:
除了法规或当局指令之外，管道系统的调试应包括如下内容：
Test the surface water piping inside the building. Test should include the entire system from the lowest
point of the system to the highest outlets at roof level. The air tests shall be applied to the surface water
drainage system in its entirety or in sections. Sections which are found satisfactory need not be retested
after completion of the entire system unless considered necessary by the proper administrative authority.
调试大楼内雨水管道系统。调试应该包括从最低点到在屋脊上最高出口的整个系统。空气调试
适用于全部或部分排水系统。在整个系统完工之后，那些已经发现可以满足要求的地方，不需
要重测，除非有关主管认为有此必要。
Testing to follow same principles as for first fix sanitary installation described in section 5.8.7.
调试原理与在第5.8.7节所描述的卫生设备的安装相同。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
Test buried drainage and manholes with a water test, prior to backfilling trench inserting plugs into the
low end of the system, imposing a column of water 1.2m minimum at high end and 2.4m at low end.
Steep drainage section should be tested in sections to achieve this.
用水对隐蔽型排水管和检修孔进行检测，这种检测需在管沟回填和将系统低端堵住之前进行，
使高端水柱最小为 1.2 米，低端水柱为 2.4 米。特殊的排水段应进行分段测量。
Once filled allow some time for absorption, fill to desired level, then over a period of 30min add
measured amounts to maintain level. This amount should not exceed 0.06litres per hour per 100m per
mm of pipebore. Repeat test after backfilling.
一旦填充，允许有一段时间吸收，填到所要求的水平，30 分钟后，测量总维持量。这个数量不
应该超过 0.06 公升/小时（每 100 米管长、每毫米管孔）。管沟填好后，再进行重复调试。
5.5.7.
SPARE PARTS 备件
The Engineer should specify a requirement for spare parts to be furnished by the Plumbing Contractor. The
number and type of spare parts should relate to the type of equipment specified and to the availability of a
source of supply. The following list represents a minimum standard which the Engineer shall enlarge upon
as required by local conditions.
负责该项目的工程师应详细说明本承包合同（Plumbing Contractor）所提供的备件要求。备件
数量和型号必须与指定的设备型号相匹配，与货源有效性一致。下面的清单代表的是最低标准，
负责该项目的工程师应根据当地情况，对此作进一步说明。
Equipment
Local Manufacture
Imported
设备
本地生产
进口
Pumps
Enough packing to repack all pumps
水泵
能够包装所有重新打包的水泵
Same plus Manufacturer’s export
kit
相同，出口成套工具
All Hand Operated
Shutoff Valves
5% complete valves each size and type;
10% complete repacking, reseating kits
each type
10% complete valves each size;
20% complete repacking, reseating
kits each type
全部阀门的 5%，对每种型号，成套
工具的 10%
全部阀门的 10%，成套工具的
20%
All Plumbing Motors
Manufacturer’s export kit
Manufacturer’s export kit
全部管道马达
生产厂商出口的成套工具
生产厂商出口的成套工具
All Plumbing Starters,
Contractors and Relays
1 set of contacts each type
1 magnetic coil each type
2 sets contactors each type; 2
magnetic coil each type
所有管道控制箱、接
触器、继电器
每个型号一套接触器；
每个型号 2 套接触器；每个型号
2 个磁性线圈
Grease Interceptor
3 months
油脂阻截装置
3 个月
所有手工操作的关闭
阀门
每个型号一个磁性线圈
Manufacturer’s export kit;
Chemicals for 3 month operation
成套工具
3 个月运转用的化学制品
Access Covers
进出口盖
10% spare gaskets and grease, nuts and
bolts
10%备用垫圈，螺栓
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.6.
GAS 煤气
5.6.1.
GENERAL 概述
Where applicable, the hotel should be provided with a low pressure gas piping system to serve all gas
burning equipment, including kitchens, boilers and domestic hot water generators.
在有煤气供应的地方，酒店应安装低压煤气管道系统，为所有的燃气设备，包括厨房、锅炉和生
活用热水发生器提供服务。
The source of the gas may be from local gas company mains or from storage vessels dependant upon
availability gas loads and reliability of supplies.
煤气可从地方煤气公司引进，或在煤气供应充足、可靠的情况下，自建储气罐。
5.6.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
The system should be designed to conform to rules and requirements of local authority and statutory
body NFPA. Standards for all gas installations including, ventilated risers, combustion gas emissions,
combustion air and safety precautions must be observed in the design.
系统设计应根据地方当局和美国NFPA的规则和要求进行。在设计中，必须遵守所有的煤气安装标
准，包括通风垂直管道、燃烧气体排放、助燃空气和安全防范等。
5.6.3.
PECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
Assessment of loads should be based on boiler peak demand, kitchen appliances and HWS generator
demand, calculated using the appropriate calorific value for the gas available. Each item of equipment
connected to the gas should have an isolating valve and union connectors to facilitate replacement or
maintenance.
对煤气用量的估算应以锅炉高峰需求、厨房用具和热水系统（HWS）需求为基础,用适当的卡路里
值计算。与管道煤气连接的每个设备都应有一个隔离阀门和联合连接器，以方便更换或维修。
Materials for pipework should be black steel, or copper within buildings and black steel or UPVC when
buried externally. Where gas serves a group of appliances as in a kitchen or boiler room, a knock-off
button should be installed immediately adjacent to the access door, connected to the BMS and a shut off
valve which isolates the gas supply in the event of an emergency.
用于管道工程的材料，在大楼内应该是钢或铜，在大楼外埋设的管道材料应为钢或 UPVC。在有
多个燃烧器的情况下，如在厨房里，或在锅炉房内，应该在邻近检修门的地方安装一个紧急按
钮，并将它连到 BMS 和关闭阀门上，在发生紧急情况时，能迅速隔断气源。
Gas detectors shall be installed in all kitchens interfacing with supply.
在所有与煤气管道相连的厨房里，都应安装煤气探测器。
5.6.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
In kitchens gas is generally cheaper than electricity. Also, cooking intensity can be better controlled. For
boilers gas is preferable to fuel due to its lesser environmental impact, i.e. flue gas quality and internal
boiler surface cleanliness due to less soot.
通常，在厨房里煤气比电便宜，还能更好地控制烹饪程度。锅炉更适合于燃烧煤气，因为它对环
境的影响更小，由于烟少，燃后废气和锅炉表面都很干净。
Care should be taken to match boiler loads as closely as possible to the demand. Modular boiler
arrangements allow greater flexibility if controls are flexible enough to respond to the changing demand.
Ideally condensing boilers should be used.
应尽可能地将锅炉负载与需要结合起来。采用有标准组件的锅炉有更大的灵活性，如果控制比较
灵活，就能对变化了的需求作出反应。最理想的，是采用冷凝式锅炉。
Emissions may be reduced by the employment of solar panels to pre-heat cold feeds to plant. This would
reduce gas consumption and be of financial benefit in the long term.
可以采用太阳能热水器对进入机房的水预热，可以减少有害物质的散发。这一措施还会减少煤
气消耗，从长远观点看，将具有很好的经济效益。
5.6.5.
SPACE ALLOCATION 空间配置
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Where piped ‘town gas’ is not available bottled may be used. Bulk storage of liquid petroleum gas,
butane or propane should be sized to provide two weeks supply at maximum use. The storage tank
should be located in accordance with the local codes and regulations. Where town gas is utilised, space
allowance should be made for gas metering and valve arrangement. Refer to local code for requirements.
在没有管道煤气的地方，可采用瓶装气体。液化石油汽、丁烷或丙烷的存储量，应能保证按最大
用量计算够用 2 周。存储罐的位置应与地方规范、条例一致。在使用民用煤气的地方，空间应宽
松些，允许安装煤气表和阀门。有关要求请参考地方法规。
5.6.6.
COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试
Pipework should be purged with an inert gas such as nitrogen prior to filling system with gas.
管道系统应在充满煤气之前，用惰性气体（如氮）进行净化。
Once system is fully charged with gas a final complete inspection of the entire system should be made to
check for gaseous smells. This should be carried out by a minimum of 2 personnel, one acting as “backup” in case of emergencies. On no account should naked flames be use to test for leaks.
一旦系统完全被煤气充满后，应对整个系统进行最后的检查，检查煤气味道。这项工作至少由2
个人进行,一个在紧急情况下作为“备用”。在检漏过程中，决不允许使用明火。
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5.7.
COMPRESSED AIR AND VACUUM SYSTEM 压缩空气和真空系统
5.7.1.
GENERAL 概述
A system of compressed air and vacuum piping for laundry use should be provided. The equipment
supplier shall supply the compressors and vacuum pumps. The system of compressed air may be
extended to serve sewage ejectors.
需提供一个压缩空气和真空管道系统，以便供洗衣房使用。设备供应商需提供压缩机和真空泵。
压缩空气系统也可用于污水处理排出装置。
5.7.2.
DESIGN CRITRIA 设计标准
Pipe work should terminate with a valve adjacent to pump sets/compressors and include sufficient
length of flexible tubing to connect to the vacuum pumps/compressors.
管道工程应铺到真空泵/压缩机的阀门的邻近为止，包括足够长度的软管，以便与真空泵/压缩
机连接。
Compressors should be situated in a machine room or plant room within a reasonable distance of the
laundry.
压缩机应安装在离洗衣房有一段合理距离的机房内。
The compressor must not be installed within the laundry or other occupied areas.
压缩机不得直接安装在洗衣房内或已派其它用场的地方。
5.7.3.
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
Typical compressed air system includes the following:
典型的压缩空气系统应包括如下设备:
 Separators - fitted in a main to remove suspended moisture in the air.
分离器- 装在主管里面，用于去除悬浮在空气中的湿气。
 Dryers - vessels with absorbent medium to remove further moisture. For large compressed air
system, refrigerated type dryer shall be used instead of absorption type to conserve energy.
干燥器- 具有吸收媒质的容器，用于进一步去除湿气。对于大型压缩空气系统，采用冷冻型
干燥器代替吸收型干燥器以节约能源。
 After cooler - this further reduces moisture content though condensation.
冷却器- 通过冷凝，进一步减少水分
 Pressure reducing valve - serving groups of, or items of equipment with desired pressure.
减压阀- 以所要求的压力，为一组设备或一台设备中的多种用途服务。
Piping materials should be black steel, copper tube or UPVC. Flexible tubing shall be manufactured
from reinforced synthetic rubber or PVC.
管道材料应选用钢材、铜管或 UPVC。软管需用加强型合成橡胶或 pvc 制造。
When siting compressors ensure a water supply is available for cooling purposes, unless the compressor
is air-cooled.
在选择压缩机安装位置时，应保证有足够的冷却水供应，空气冷却的压缩机除外。
Ensure drainage is available from pipelines and compressor unit and adjacent to the after cooler, with
pipe-runs laid to falls of 1:100 with a maximum of 30m between drain points.
确保管道、压缩机和冷却器中的水能够顺利排出，排水管道的铺设应满足如下条件：在排水点
之间距离不超过 30 米的情况下，管道落差为 1:100。
Pipework should be arranged as a ring main to facilitate extension of system and help maintain balanced
pressures throughout the system.
管道应安排成环状，这样有利于系统的扩大，有助于保持整个系统的压力平衡。
Pipe sizing should be generous as many problems can be experienced if velocities are too high, such as
high pressure drops and inefficient drying of systems air. A reasonable velocity for compressed air flow
is 6-9m/s, this will allow moisture to precipitate out and drain though the automatic drain points.
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管道尺寸应该宽松些，因为，如果速度太快，如高压差和系统空气干燥不充分，系统就可能出现
很多问题。合理的压缩空气速度为6-9米/秒,这将允许湿气沉淀，并通过各自动排水点排出。
5.7.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
As the compressor machinery tends to be very noisy, ensure that the equipment is sited away from
residential areas, situated in an acoustically treated enclosure or plant/machine room area. Consideration
must be given to noise break-out ideally selecting quieter machinery, assessing costs against provision
of acoustic treatment.
当压缩机运转噪声很大时，要将压缩机安装在离居住区较远的地方，或安装在声学处理过的封闭
区域内，或安装在技术房/机房区内。对噪声问题必须给以足够的重视，理想的方法是选择低噪
声压缩机。应对声学处理噪声的费用进行评估。
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5.8.
SANITARY FIXTURES 卫生设备
5.8.1.
GENERAL 概述
Sanitary fixtures and fittings shall be selected and specified by the Architects-Engineers and approved
by IHG before the Construction Documents are issued for bidding purposes. Selections shall be the best
products of recognized and reputable manufacturers and substitutions shall not be approved without the
express written consent of IHG.
卫生设备及其配件应在建设投标文件发布之前，由建筑师和工程师选择，并经IHG 核准。应该选
择公认为最好的产品和知名企业，没有IHG批文，任何代替都不会得到批准。
Fixtures for typical Hotel Bathrooms and public toilets shall be white or color as called for by the Hotel
programme, with polished chromium on brass fittings. Fixtures for service toilets shall be white. All
fixtures in any one room shall be the product of the same manufacturer, to ensure that colors are
identical.
在一般情况下，酒店浴室和公共厕所用的卫生设备都是白色的，或者是酒店要求的颜色。附件
均为黄铜所制，上面镀有光亮的铬。服务区域厕所的设备也是白色的。同一个房间里的所有卫
生设备，应选用同一厂家的产品，以确保颜色的一致性。
Where required, fixtures for suite toilets and Bathrooms shall be in color, with special fittings and trim,
all as selected by the Architect in consultation with the Interior Designer and IHG.
在需要时，套房厕所和浴室卫生设备可选用某种颜色，并配有特殊的配件和装饰。这些均由建筑
师、室内装饰师与IHG协商选定。
Provide fixture stops for each individual fixture.
为每一个独立卫生设备排水提供旋塞，
5.8.1.1. Guest Bathroom Sanitary Fixtures 客房卫生设备
Water closet shall be white, wall hung with L-support bar, complete with white solid plastic full seat
with cover, with concealed check hinge. Tank shall be concealed, dual flush 3/6 litres.
坐便器是白的，挂墙式，支架呈L型，配有白色体塑料盖，铰链隐藏。隐蔽式水箱，可分二次冲
水，冲水量分别为3和6升。
Bidet shall be of vitreous china, coordinated in design with the water closet, with combination supply
fitting for supplying hot, cold or tempered water to over rim supply fitting; pop-up stopper. Provide
handles with red and blue color insets to designate hot and cold water.
坐浴盆是陶瓷的, 在设计上要与坐便器协调, 综合供水装置可需热水、冷水或温水送到坐浴盆边
的供水龙头和旋塞。热水和冷水分别用红色和蓝色标明。
Vanity unit shall be granite/marble (Corian not approved), 1200mm * 500mm, minimum, with 100mm
upstands and Soap indent.
组合式梳妆盥洗盆是用花冈岩/大理石制造的(不允许用 Corian)制作，最小尺寸为 1200 毫米
*500 毫米，100 毫米立面和肥皂盒。
Bathtub shall be an acid resisting enamelled 3.5 mm steel fixture with flat with factory etched slipresistant textured bottom. Exterior length shall be approximately 1.70 m; 1.83m in special suites. Inside
width shall be not less than 630mm in the seating area, and inside depth an average of 400mm. Bathtub
installation shall be such that the level of the tub bottom is not more than 50mm above the level of the
finished Bathroom floor. Bathtub may have an integral front apron, or be designed to accept a front
panel of tile, marble or other waterproof material. Coordinate installation with Architect’s details.
浴缸是用3.5毫米厚的钢制成的，表面涂以瓷釉，可以防腐蚀。底部是平的，底部应作防滑纹
理。外部长度约为1.70米；特殊浴缸的长度为1.83米。内部宽度在座区至少为630毫米,里面的深
度平均为400毫米。浴缸的安装方法如下：浴缸的底部离开浴室地面的高度不超过50毫米。 浴缸
有一个整体的前挡板, 或设计成瓷砖、大理石或其它防水材料板。可根据建筑师详细资料协商安
装。
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Bathtub fittings shall consist of a bath/shower thermostatic mixing valve, diverter, over-rim bath spout,
an approved adjustable self-cleaning shower head with 3.5 gpm / 13.2 lpm volume regulator, and popup waste.
浴缸配件应包括浴缸/淋浴温度调节阀门装置、转向器、龙头、莲蓬头（水量为3.5加仑每分钟
/13.2升每分钟）和快速排水。
Grab bar shall be 600mm length at tub wall and another 460mm length at shower cubicle, where
separately provided.
浴缸副扶手应装在浴缸壁上，长度为 600 毫米。在淋浴和沐浴分开的场合，淋浴室也要安装另
外一个长度为 460 毫米扶手。
Shower cubicle’s shall be provided with thermostatic mixing valves and an approved adjustable selfcleaning shower head with 3.5 gpm / 13.2 lpm volume regulator.
淋浴室应安装温度调节开关和莲蓬头，水量为 3.5 加仑每分钟/13.2 升每分钟。
Floor drains are not required unless by local authorities.
不需要建地面排水沟，除非地方当局要求这么做。
5.8.1.2. Public Toilet Sanitary Fixtures 公众厕所卫生设备
Water closet shall be white, wall hung with L-support bar, complete with white solid plastic full seat
with cover, with concealed check hinge. Tank shall be concealed, dual flush 3/6 liters.
坐便器是白的，挂墙式，支架呈L型，配有白色体塑料盖，铰链隐藏。水箱是隐蔽的，可分二次
冲水，冲水量分别为3和6升。
Urinal shall be vitreous china, wash down action, wall hung fixture, actuated by an individual selfactivated proximity control unit, of a type and manufacture approved by IHG.
小便池应是陶瓷的,具有冲洗功能。挂墙式,冲水由接近感应装置启动，所用的型号和产品应得
到 IHG 批准。
Vanity basin shall be same as Guest Bathroom lavatory.
组合式梳妆盥洗盆与客房浴室的洗脸盆一样。
Shower cubicle’s shall be provided with Thermostatic mixing valves and an approved adjustable selfcleaning shower head with 3.5 gpm / 13.2 lpm volume regulator.
淋浴室需安装温度调节开关和经认可的莲蓬头，水量为 3.5 加仑每分钟/13.2 升每分钟。
5.8.1.3. Service Area Sanitary Fixtures 服务区卫生设备
Water closets shall be same as for public toilets except that seats shall be black solid plastic without
cover, open front and back.
盥洗室与公共卫生间的盥洗室一样，座位用黑色硬质塑料，
Urinals in service area toilets shall be waterless type. It shall be cartridge-free design, and minimum
12,000 use before maintenance is required. Sealant shall be natural biodegradable oil instead of
chemical.
服务区应采用无滤盒设计的无水型小便池。保养前至少使用 12000 次，密封剂采用自然降解石
油替代化学产品。
Lavatory shall be vitreous china wall-hung 51 cm. x 46 cm. (20 in. x 18 in.) unit, with back, front
overflow, cast-in soap dish; with combination supply and pop-up drain fitting; with vandal proof aerator
and red and blue color inserts in faucets; loose key angle stops in supply pipes.
洗脸盆应是陶瓷的，挂墙式，大小为 51 厘米 x46 厘米(20 英寸 x18 英寸)，备有前后溢流口、肥
皂碟；配有混合供水和排水装置；备有通风设备；龙头上的红色和蓝色标记
Shower fitting for shower enclosures shall be same as for public showers.
淋浴配件，与公共淋浴室相同
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Service sinks shall be 61 cm. x 51 cm. (24 in. x 20 in.) acid-resisting vitreous china unit with blank back
and stainless steel rim guard; chromium plated service sink fitting with vacuum breaker, threaded spout,
pail hook, wall brace, loose key stops.
服务洗涤池大小为61厘米x51厘米(24英寸x2英寸)，材料为防酸的陶瓷，背后是空的，边缘有不
锈钢防护装置；镀铬的服务洗涤池带有真空粉碎器、龙头、支架、墙壁和支柱、排水装置等。
Guest Rooms for the handicapped shall be provided. In general, water closets shall include higher china
rim heights. For additional requirements (i.e., tub grab bars) see IHG Architectural Standards and local
regulations.
应提供伤残人专用客房。通常，抽水马桶额外的要求（浴缸扶手等），参见IHG建筑标准和地方
规则。
5.8.2.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
The provision of showers in lieu of bathtubs is to be encouraged with a view to water conservation,
provided that shower outlet flow rates are not excessive.
鼓励用淋浴代替浴缸沐浴，淋浴器的流速不是太大的话，用水较少。
Basin mixer taps should either be spray taps or aerating type outflow of 6.8 litres/min to further
conserve water and in the case of hot water, save energy. Where basins are not fitted with plugs or popup wastes, only spray taps may be fitted. WC’s should be of a design that produces a sufficient cleaning
flush with dual 3 and 6-litre flush syphon jet water closet from a 42mm flushing valve. Shower heads
shall supply 6.8 litres/ min (maximum 9 litres/min) in guest rooms and staff lockers.
洗脸盆上的冷热水混合龙头，可以是喷射型的，也可以是散气型的，流速为6.8升/分钟的，在
热水情况下可以节省能源。也可以只安装喷射龙头。在设计公共厕所时，可以考虑采用虹吸
管，分二次冲水，水量分别为3和6升，阀门为42毫米。客房及员工更衣室的莲蓬头流量为6.8升
/分钟（最大9升/分钟）。
5.8.3.
SUGGESTED MANUFACTURERS 建议的生产厂商
1. Armitage Shanks
2. Grohe
3. Ideal Standard
4. Twyford
5. Fowlerware
6. Caroma
7. Methven
5.8.4.
SANITARYWARE SCHEDULE 卫生洁具清单
ITEM
SPEC
DESCRIPTIONS
洁具名称
特点
描述
TUBS:
Material:
3.5mm enamelled steel (minimum)
浴缸
材料
3.5 毫米涂以瓷釉的钢制（最小）
Size:
1700 x 630* x 400*mm* minimum internal
dimensions. (Push or Pop up Plug)
尺寸
最小的内部尺寸为 1700 x 630* x 400*毫米*
（按启型或连杆塞子）
Colour:颜色 White 白色
General:
Slip resistant finish, no grab rails.
普通
防滑磨光，无扶手
BASIN:
Material:
Ceramic
洗脸盆
材料
陶瓷
Colour:颜色 White 白色
Size:
58 x 42cms min,
尺寸
最小 58 x 42 厘米 2
General
Underslung. (Push or Pop up Plug)
普通
重心低的（按启型或连杆塞子）
VANITY UNIT:
Material:
Granite/marble ( Corian not approved )
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ITEM
洁具名称
组合式梳妆盥洗盆
WC:
厕所坐便器
BIDET:
坐浴盆
SHOWER TRAY:
淋浴垫
SHOWER DOOR:
淋浴门
1.02 Tapsets:水龙头
TAPS:
水龙头
BASIN / BIDET:
洗脸盆/坐浴盆
TUB:
浴缸
SHOWER:
淋浴器
SHOWER HEAD:
莲蓬头
RETAINING RING
定位环
1.03 Accessories:附件
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SPEC
特点
材料
Size:
尺寸
General 普通
DESCRIPTIONS
描述
花岗岩/大理石（不同意采用可丽耐）
1200 x 500mm, minimum, with 100mm upstands
最小 1200 x 500 毫米，竖柱高 100 毫米
Soap indent.肥皂凹痕
250mm front apron, to include tissue dispenser
250 毫米前挡板，包括卫生纸盒
Colour:
White
颜色
白色
General:
Concealed tank 6 liters
普通
隐蔽型水箱 6 升
Flush mechanism ( rocker or lever as per local regs )
冲洗把手机构（摇杆或条型把手）
Dual flush 6/3 ltr
双冲洗 6/3 升
Wall hung with 'L' support bar
挂壁式，支架呈 L 型
Full seat & lid
底座和盖
Colour:
White
颜色
白色
General:普通 Pop up waste. 快速排水
Wall hung with 'L'support bar
挂壁式，支架呈 L 型
Material:
Ceramic
材料
陶瓷
Size:
90cm sq. minimum
尺寸
最小 90 厘米 2
General:
non slip finish, chrome waste
普通
防滑表面，
8mm tempered glazed door. Clear / Opaque
8 毫米玻璃门，干净/不透明
General:
普通
Waste:
其他龙头
Ceramic disc
Pop-up
快速
Monobloc ( single lever tap heads ) Pillar for
traditional
整体型，传统底座
As above.
如上所述
with shower handset if separate shower cubicle
如果另有分开的淋浴室，需有淋浴抓手
Diverter with pre set thermostat
温度调节和转向装置
Adjustable 可调节
Self cleaning, adjustable angel & flow rate ( 3.5 gpm
/ 12 lpm )
可调节角度和流速 3.5 加仑/分 / 12 升/分
Wall fixing to eliminate backflow
壁式，防止倒流
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SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
ITEM
洁具名称
MIRROR:
镜子
TISSUE DISPENSER:
卫生纸盒
HAIRDRYER:
吹风器
SHAVER OUTLET
剃须刀插座
SHAVING MIRROR
剃须镜
MISCELLANEOUS
ACCESSORIES:
SPEC
特点
DESCRIPTIONS
描述
Fitted with demista pads
按规定尺寸，防雾
Fitted in vanity unit apron
装在组合式梳妆盥洗盆的挡板上
Hand held motor: 1100w + RCD as standard ( local
legislation to be confirmed )
手提式：1100w + RCD，按照地方标准
Dual voltage
双电压
Positioning in relation to mirror
根据镜子的位置进行布置
Adjustable; lighted internally
可调节；内照明
Chrome plated, with concealed fixings, as per A&E.
镀铬，装配在隐蔽的地方，如 A&E 所示
各种附件
TOWEL BAR:
毛巾架
TOWEL RACK:
毛巾架
HOOKS:
挂钩
SOAP DISH:.
肥皂缸
GRAB BAR :
扶手
CLOTHES LINE:
衣绳
LAVATORY PAPER
HOLDER:
卫生纸盒
SPARE ROLL
HOLDER
备用卷桶纸盒:
SHOWER CURTAIN
RAIL:
浴帘杆
2.03 Lighting:照明
LIGHTING:
照明
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
2 ea 450mm, adjacent to vanity unit & bidet，
2 根长 450 毫米，安装在组合式梳妆盥洗盆和坐
浴盆附近
450mm opposite shower head
长 450 毫米，安装在莲蓬头对面
2 behind door, 1 additional for separate shower
cubicle
门后双头钩 1 个，淋浴室 1 个
1 tub, 1 bidet, 1 shower cubicle，
浴缸 1 个，坐浴盆 1 个，淋浴室 1 个
460 mm length, 25cm dia 1 Tub wall, 1 shower
cubicle.
460 毫米长，直径 25 厘米，浴缸壁上 1 个，淋浴
室1个
1 in Bath recess
浴室，1 根
1: covered type,
1 只，带盖型，
1, adjacent to main fitting
1只
I x 20 cm dia
I x 20 厘米直径
Fully enclosed IP43 rated
参照 IP43 的规定
Switches adjacent entrance door in foyer
开关在小走廊
Surface mounted mirror fittings, with deflectors.
镜面反射
Additional down lighters to provide IHG standard
lux levels of 300 lux at face level, 180 in tub recess.
筒灯，按 IHG 标准规定，在面上为 300 勒克司，
在浴缸凹进处为 180 勒克司
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
5.9.
SWIMMING POOL SYSTEMS 游泳池系统
5.9.1.
GENERAL 概述
A dedicated water treatment system should be provided to serve pools for wading, swimming. The water
should be provided initially as described in section 5.1, and then recycled through the swimming pool
plant for reuse. The supply to the pool should be heated to the required temperature or in very hot
climates, may be cooled prior to serving pool.
应为浅水池和深人池分别配置水处理系统。游泳池给水注意事项见5.1节中所述，游泳池给水应
通过机房循环系统反复利用。室内游泳池供水系统需具备循环加热功能，游泳池需经常保持规定
的温度，在非常炎热的气候条件下，需采取降温措施。
5.9.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
Water serving pools should be fresh and clean, with the distribution to the pool designed so that the
quality and temperature of the water is maintained at acceptable levels. All critical chemical parameters
shall be monitored and maintained automatically within the range +/- 10%.
游泳池应通过管网进水，保持新鲜和干净, 水质和水温应维持在可接受的水平。 所有关键的化
学参数应被监视和自动维持在±10%之内。
The preferred water quality is as follows: 首选的水质如下
Table 5.9.2.1
Acceptable Range
可接受的范围
7.0 to 7.8
PH 值
less than 3.5ppm
Urea 尿素
≤3.5mg/L
≤200CFU/mL
Total bacterium group 菌群总数
Total coliform group 总大肠菌群
Per 100mL 每 100mL 不得检出
0.2~1.0mg/L
Free residual chlorine 游离性余氯
≤0.4mg/L
Chemical residual chlorine 化合性余氯
O3 臭氧
≤0.2mg/m3 以下（水面上空气中）
Below are the suggested target temperatures for various types of pool
下面是对各种类型游泳池目标温度的建议
Table 5.9.2.2
Pool Type
Temperature Range
泳池类型
温度范围
27°C to 29°C
Leisure Pool 休闲泳池
28°C to 30°C
Wading/Paddling Pool 浅水/ 戏水泳池
16°C to 20°C
Plunge Pool - Adjacent Saunas 喷泳池-桑拿
Pool plant should be self regulating and include automatic monitoring of pH levels chemical levels and
temperatures maintaining acceptable levels.
游泳池设备应能自动调节，包括自动监视pH值、化学品浓度，并使温度维持在规定的范围之内。
5.9.3.
SWIMMING POOL SYSTEM CYCLE 游泳池循环系统
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Distribution System and Pool
管道系统和泳池
Filtration and Discharge to Drain
过滤和排放装置
Disinfection
消毒装置
Top-up With Pre-treated Water
预处理装置
pH Level Control
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
F)
pH 值控制装置
Heating
加热装置
A
(ii)
B
F
( iii)
C
E
D
(i)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Potable/Pre-treated Water Top-up
饮用水/预处理
Non-Potable Top-up Prior to Treatment Process
非饮用水处理程序
Filtered Deposits to Drain/Non Potable systems
过滤沉淀物的排出/非饮用水系统
A) Distribution System and Pool 管道系统和泳池
Ideally, plant serving pools should be sited within, their immediate vicinity. A single plant room
should serve multiple pools, arranged with run and standby facilities to minimise disruption to pool
use during plant maintenance. Pipework distribution should be arranged so that any pool, whatever
pool size, will have a minimum of 2 suction/drain connections on the circuit to the pump. Shortcircuiting of water should be avoided. Pools with high numbers of infant usage should have a higher
circulation rate than those for adult use. Circulation pumps should be run and standby.
游泳机房应设在附近，一个机房可以为多个游泳池服务。很好安排运行时间和备用设备，即
使在维修期间，也可减少对泳池供水中断的影响。不管泳池大小，游泳池管道系统和水泵回
路之间，至少有2个吸水/排水接头。应避免水的短距离循环。对有大量婴儿使用的游泳池，
其循环速率应比成人游泳池高。循环泵应该有备用泵。
Suggested turn over rates: 建议的池水循环速率
Infant/Shallow section of Pools
婴儿区/浅水区
Adult/Deep Section of Pools
成人区/深水区
Refreshed Every 60 minutes
每 60 分钟更新 1 次
Refreshed Every 4 hours
每 4 小时钟更新 1 次
B) Filtration and Discharge to Drain 过滤和排放
Filters within the pool circulation systems should be installed as run and standby.
池水循环系统内的过滤器需有备用。
The filtration selected should achieve a visibility of at least 12m giving clear views of all parts of
the pool bottom.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
所选的过滤手段应使池水可见度至少达到12米，能清楚地看到池底的各个部分。
Mild steel high-pressure sand filters should be rated at 12-13l/s per square meter of filter area. The
filters should be protected internally to prevent corrosion. Fibreglass sand filters may be used as an
alternative to mild steel.
低碳钢高压砂过滤器的过滤量应该额定在每平方米过滤的水量为：12-13升/秒。过滤器内部
应有保护，防止腐蚀。可用玻璃纤维砂过滤器代替低碳钢高压砂过滤器。
Rate of flow indicators should be installed to monitor the rate of low from the filters.
应该安装流速指示器，以监视通过过滤器的流速。
A pressure switch should be fitted prior to the filter for backwash/rinse requirements. Pipework
should be installed in polybutlene with corrosion resistant fittings.
压力开关应该安装在过滤器的前面，以满足反洗/冲洗之需要。管道应采用聚乙烯材料和有
防腐过滤器。
Where filtration alone will not achieve water clarity required, use flocculates, eg, aluminium
sulphate fed by automatic dosing pumps.
在单靠过滤装置不能达到透明要求时，应采用絮凝物质，如硫酸铝，可通过自动定量给料泵
将它们注入到泳池中。
C) Disinfection 消毒
The annihilation of bacterial infection of pool waters may be accomplished using several methods.
Chemical parameters shall be monitored and maintained automatically via dosing pumps etc.
消灭池水中细菌感染的方法可能有几种。化学参数将通过定量给料泵等自动监视和维持。
Chlorine application, via sodium or calcium hypochlorite additives or electrolytically generated in
situ.
采用氯添加剂。氯可通过次氯酸钠或次氯酸钙添加剂得到，或在现场用电解方法产生。
Ozone additives in conjunction with low level chlorination.
臭氧添加剂与低水平的氯处理一起使用。
Ultra violet light application with low dilution of chlorine additive.
紫外线与低稀释的氯添加剂一起使用。
Chemical additives all have side effects upon pool users to greater or lesser degrees where not
carefully controlled. Chlorine gas is not recommended, as stringent safety precautions must be
observed. Ozone is hazardous to health and must be removed from the water after use.
如果对化学添加剂不仔细进行控制的话，所有的化学添加剂都会对游泳者产生或大或小的副
作用。必须严格遵守安全预防规定，不能直接使用氯气。臭氧在使用之后必须从水中去除，
以免对健康产生危害。
Monitor disinfection level daily to ensure appropriate levels of chemical dilution are present (eg, 0.6
- 1ppm free available chlorine dependant on application).
应每天监视水质消毒水平，以保证化学制品的稀释水平(如根据应用情况，游离氯的浓度在
0.6-1ppm 之间)。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
Types of Treatment 处理类型
Treatment
处理
Chlorine
氯
Benefits
好处
Tried and trusted
method of pool
water treatment
Residual chlorine
content in water
maintains
disinfectant
properties in pool
after treatment
该泳池水处理方法
是经过试验的和可
靠的。处理后，池
水中的剩余氯气，
能保持水的消毒特
性。
Problems
问题
Requires careful control can
cause
irritation of eyes,
discolour
hair.
Unpleasant
fumes which can be lethal in
case of accidental release.
Renders
discharged
water
useless for irrigation if it is to be
recycled, but can be used for
urinal/WC flushing. Fumes can
damage building finishes.
需要小心控制，可能引起眼睛
发炎、头发退色。在意外情况
下，讨厌的气味可能是极其有
害的。 排出 的水 不能 用于 灌
溉, 但可以用于小便池和厕所
的冲洗。臭气还可能损害大楼
的光洁度。
Application
应用
Larger pools with trained
maintenance staff, used to
handling chlorine.
Where water not used for
irrigation.
Where large
proportion of infants using
pool.
适用于配有经过培训的维
修人员的大型游泳池，以
及池水不用于灌溉，以及
婴儿使用比例较高的游泳
池。
Ozone
臭氧
Powerful
disinfectant, oxides
impurities without
providing
side
effects.
No
residual
chemicals
discharged
water
can be recycled
more readily.
消毒能力强, 氧化
物杂质没有副作
用。在排出的水
中，没有剩余化学
物质，可以很容易
地使排出的水再循
环。
Once
fitted
to
system is very
simple to maintain
and manage.
No side effects.
一旦安装到系统
中，维修和管理都
非常简单，没有副
作用。
Once added, must be removed
again prior to use.
No residue, so water can
become contaminated.
It is
recommended that a small
amount of chlorine is added to
maintain pools disinfectant
qualities but this should be
balanced with final use.
一旦添加,必须在下次添加之
前去除。没有残渣,因此水不
会被污 染。 建议 加入 少量 的
氯，以维持池水的消毒特性，
但这应该与最后效果平衡。
Where greatest proportion of
users are adult, and water to
be recycled for irrigating,
etc.
Where there is limited space
of storing chemicals, or not
large enough plant complex
to warrant fully trained pool
plant engineer.
适用于成人比例最高、水
经再循环可用于灌溉的游
泳池。也适用于储存化学
物质的空间较小，或者机
房不够大，不能保证拥有
经过训练的机房工程师的
游泳池。
No residue, so water can
become contaminated.
Small amounts of chlorine to be
added or more frequent pool
water changes instituted.
没有残渣,水不可能被污染。
可加入少量的氯或经常更换池
水。
Where greatest proportion of
users are adult, and water to
be recycled for irrigating,
etc.
Where there is limited space
of storing chemicals, or not
large enough plant complex
to warrant fully trained pool
plant engineer.
适用于成人比例最高、水
可以再循环用于灌溉的游
泳池。也适用于储存化学
物质的空间较小，或者机
房不够大，不能保证拥有
经过训练的机房工程师的
游泳池。
Ultra Violet
Light
紫外线
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2015-01 All Rights Reserved
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
D) Top-up With Pre-treated Water 预处理
Where potable/pre-treated water is available for pool use, introduce the fresh water prior to heating.
As a guide, approximately 10% capacity of pool.
在游泳池进水采用饮用水/预处理的地方,可在加热之前，引入这种新鲜的水。作为指南，新
鲜水的引入量为池水容积的 10%左右。
Where water is non-potable, it should be introduced to the system prior to filtration and disinfection.
在采用非饮用水的地方，应该在过滤和消毒之前将它引入系统中。
E) pH Level Control pH 值的控制
Control of pH levels is particularly important where chlorine is selected as the medium used for
disinfection of pool waters.
在选用氯作为池水消毒媒质的地方，对pH值的控制特别重要。
Sodium bicarbonate is used to reduce the acidity of water treated with chlorine gas.
重碳酸钠可用来减少用氯气处理的水的酸度。
Where chlorine donors have been introduced such as sodium or calcium hypochlorite, the pH tends
towards hardness, therefore treatment to increase acidity should be applied using one of the
following:
在含氯物质，如次氯酸钠或次氯酸钙，引入之后，pH有变硬倾向,因此，应该用下列物质中
的一种，进行增加酸度的处理：
 Calcium chloride 氯化钙
 Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
 Sodium bisulphate 重硫酸钠
 Hydrochloric acid 盐酸
The importance of maintaining balanced pH levels is chiefly relevant to the protection of parts of
the pool system susceptible to corrosion from either excessive alkalinity or acidity of pool waters.
Additionally, chlorine loses its effectiveness if the level of pH risers too high.
维持平衡pH值的重要性主要与保护游泳池系统的部件有关，它们容易受过度的碱性池水或过
度的酸性池水腐蚀。另外，如果pH值升得太高，氯的效力就会失去。
Magnetic Water Conditioners 磁化水调节装置
An alternative method of protecting the system is by application of magnetic water conditioners.
The conditioners impose a magnetic charge upon the particles suspended in the systems water. This
prevents the particles adhering to internal surfaces susceptible to scale such as pump rotors, heating
coils, etc. They have also been found to be beneficial to the disinfecting process. Where magnetic
water conditioners are provided, pH monitoring and control are still required to maintain levels in
the range of 7.2 - 7.8 mentioned above. (Refer to Drawing 5.9.3.)
保护系统的另一个方法是使用磁化水调节装置。该调节装置强行将磁性加到悬浮在系统水中
的粒子上。这阻止粒子黏附在易生水垢的内表面（如水泵转子、加热线圈等）上。此外，还
发现它们对消毒过程也是有益的。在配备磁化水调节装置的地方，对 pH 值的监视和控制仍
然需要，以使它维持在 7.2- 7.8 的范围，如上所述(参见 5.9.3)。
Before selecting magnetic water conditioner refer back to IHG for approval.
在挑选磁化水调节装置之前，应得到 IHG 的批准。
F) Heating 加热
When assessing size of plant and method of heating pool water, careful consideration should be
taken with regard to expansion of pool structure, concrete shell, tiling, etc. As a guide the rate of
heat up from cold to operating temperatures should be no greater than 0.5°C per hour.
在评估机房大小和加热池水方法时，应该仔细考虑泳池结构、混凝土外壳、瓷砖等膨胀问
0
题。作为指导意见，将冷水加热到运转温度时的加热速率不应大于 0.5 C/小时。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 5 – PLUMBING
The characteristics of heat demand for swimming pools, are the most suitable match for slow heat
gains from other systems utilising heat exchangers, for example:
游泳池的加热，应从热交换器的系统中缓慢地得到热量，如：
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Solar collectors, transforming solar energy into useable heat.
太阳能收集器,将太阳能转换成可使用的热。
Heat pumps where unwanted heat from refrigeration plant is transferred to the pool water.
热泵，利用制冷装置产生的热转换到池水中。
District heating schemes.
地区加热系统。
Hot springs
温泉
Heat can also be recovered from within the swimming pool plant from the filtration backwash.
可以利用游泳池机房过滤装置反洗加热。
Each of these systems should be supplemented with electric, gas or oil fired boilers via heat the
exchangers. These should be designed to compensate for times where the initial source is
insufficient.
在这些系统中都需采用电、气或燃油的锅炉和交换器加热。在设计时应反复比较选择经济和
有利的加热方式。
Where more than one swimming pool is served from a single plant, each pool should have its own
dedicated heat exchanger, sized to match the duty required.
在拥有多个以上游泳池的地方，应采用单个机房提供服务,但每个泳池应有自己专用的热交
换器。
G) Pool floor cleaning 游泳池池底的清洁
Floor cleaning shall be accomplished by automatic floor cleaners, which shall be provided.
游泳池底清洁应采用自动池底清洁器完成。应提供这样的自动池底清洁器。
5.9.4.
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能源保护
Out door pools should be covered with an insulating cover when out of use. This not only conserves
energy by reducing heat loss outside hours of sunshine effectively and prevents evaporation but also
restricts use to when lifeguards/poolside staff are available for supervision. Where possible, “waste
water” from filtration backwash should be recycled for WC or urinal flushing.
在使用时，户外游泳池应该用保温外罩盖起来。在阳光不充足时，这不仅由于减少了热的损耗和
防止水的蒸发而节省能源，而且还能在负责监督的救生员/游泳池池边职员来到之前，限制游泳
池的使用。在有条件的地方,来自过滤器反洗的“废水”，应进行再循环，用于WC或小便池的冲
洗。
Discharge water that is contaminated with chemical additives should be disposed in a manner that will
not pollute local water supplies, local water courses, lakes, streams and the like. Any soakaways or
leaching pits should be kept remote from wells or boreholes where contaminated water may be
withdrawn inadvertently.
对排出的含有化学添加剂的污水，应进行处理，使之对地方供水系统、地方水道、湖泊、小溪等
不会产生污染。排水坑或过滤坑应设在离水井较远的地方，防止水井污染。
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5.10.
MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS 各种辅助系统
5.10.1. BORE HOLE PUMPS 深井抽水泵
5.10.1.1. General 概述
Where local water conditions require, a bore hole should be drilled to either the water table, or to
connect to at least two underground streams of good quality and quantity. The bore hole should be of
sufficient diameter to receive a bore hole pump, to provide a reliable water supply.
根据地方水情，如果需要的话, 可以凿井洞，钻到地下水位, 或者至少与 2 条水质好且数量足的
地下小溪相通。这个洞的直径要足够大，能放进一个深井抽水泵, 以保证水的供应。
5.10.1.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
Bore hole pumps should be of robust construction and require minimal maintenance. All submersed
components such as lifting chains, strainers, pump casing, etc, should be resistant to corrosion and
suitable for the ambient water temperature in the bore holes. An enclosure at the well head/top of bore
holes should be provided. This can be constructed below ground with an opening immediately over the
bore hole to facilitate removal of apparatus for maintenance.
用于深井抽水泵的建筑应该坚固，该泵要求的维护应该最少。所有浸在水中的部件，如提升链、
过滤器、水泵外套等，都要防腐蚀，并与凿洞周围的水温相适应。应在井口/凿洞顶配备围栏。
在井洞的上面有一个开口，以便能将地下设备搬出来维修。
5.10.1.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南
Bore hole pumps should be suspended at least 500mm above the bottom of the bore hole, supported
from the rising main. Sensors or float switches should be arranged so that pump casing is always
submerged. This prevents dry-running of pump and provides cooling for the pump motor. A supporting
clamp at the top of the bore hole should support the rising main from the pump. Cables for powering and
controlling pump should be clipped to the rising main. Flanged connections should be included on the
pipe-run adjacent to the bore hole to facilitate withdrawal of pump and main. Where possible, a lifting
beam should be located over the hole. A check valve should be provided on the pipework adjacent to the
hole to prevent back-flow into the pump, rising main and bore hole. After the check valve and isolating
valve, a membrane type pressure vessel should be provided to prevent ‘hunting’ of pump. Acting as a
reservoir the vessel or series of vessels should help reduce stop/start cycles of the pump thereby
increasing the longevity of the system and saving energy costs.
深井抽水泵应悬在井底以上至少 500 毫米的地方，由立杆支撑。应安装传感器或浮控开关，因此
泵的保护外套可始终浸在水中。这可防止泵的干转和为泵的马达提供冷却。在深井顶部的支撑
夹具从水泵支持该立杆。供电和控制电缆应该接到立杆处。在可能的地方，应在凿井上面装一
根起重横梁。在凿井附近的管道上面，还应安装一个止回阀，以防止水回流到泵中、上水喉管
和凿井中。在止回阀和隔离阀的后面，应配置一个膜型压力容器，以防止泵的“摆动”。就像
水库那样，该压力容器或压力容器组合将帮助减少泵的停止/启动循环，从而增加系统寿命和节
省能源费用。
The bore hole plant room or kiosk should house the valve sets, pressure vessel and control panel.
深井平台或亭子间应能容纳阀门组件、压力容器和控制面板。
The control panel should provide indication of the following:
控制面板应能提供下列指示:
 Pump running 水泵运转
 Pump failure 水泵故障
 Pump on standby/power on 水泵处在备用状态/工作状态
 Low level alarm/pump cut-out 低水位报警/水泵断电
Volt free contacts should be provided for communication to BMS system. Gauges should be provided
indicating the system pressure and water flow rate. A sight glass may be included to visually monitor the
water quality being withdrawn from the bore hole.
应该为到 BMS 系统的通信提供无电压接触。 应配备能指示系统压力和水流速率的标准量具。可
能还包括一个窥镜，以便能用肉眼观察正从深井中抽出的水的质量。
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The pump duty should be based on the following:
水泵的负荷应根据下面的情况决定：
Static head (measured from bottom of bore hole to top of system).
落差(从深井底部到系统顶部)
Frictional resistance through valves, pipe, fittings and ball valve 1.5bar working pressure
在 1.5 巴工作压力下，通过阀门、管道、配件和弹子阀的磨擦阻力
Maximum velocity of 2.5 metres per second
最大速率为 2.5 米/秒
Pump speeds may be variable utilising frequency converter, to suit flow demands, but should be a
maximum of 2900rpm. The following are the recommended starts per hour for various sizes of pumps:
水泵转速可用频率转换器来改变,以适应流速要求, 但最大不超过2900转/分钟。建议下面各种大
小的水泵，每小时的启动次数为：
 15 times for up to 26kW
对小于 26 千瓦的水泵，15 次
 12 times for 27kW to 78 kW 对 27-78 千瓦的水泵，12 次
 8 times for pumps over 78kW 对超过 78 千瓦的水泵，8 次
5.10.2. SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS, SUMPS & SEWAGE EJECTORS 潜水泵、污水坑和污水排水装置
5.10.2.1. General 概述
This section covers the following:
这一段包括如下内容：
 Submersible pumps used for collection of freshwater from local source, eg, rivers, lakes, etc, dewatering areas that are below gravity drain level and within water features.
潜水泵用来从地方水源（河流、湖泊等）、低于重力排水沟的排放区和水景内收集新鲜水
 Sump pumps used for localised drainage systems where the system is below the level of the
gravity sewer.
污水泵用于重力下水道以下的局部排水系统
 Macerating sump pumps used with sewerage systems below ground in sump pits.
污水潜水泵，在污水深坑里，与地下排污系统一起使用
 Sewage ejectors used where sump pumps would be impractical or too expensive to install and
run, or where space is available in lower floor areas. Ideal where compressed air systems are
available.
污水排水装置用在潜水泵不能使用的地方，或用在潜水泵的安装和运行费用太贵的地方，或
在较低地面有空间的地方使用。在理想情况下，在有压缩空气系统的地方使用
5.10.2.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
5.10.2.2.1. Sump Pumps 集水井排水泵
Selection of submersible pumps should be based on the required flow rate, with the pressure based on
the static head plus frictional losses through the pipework, valves and fittings.
集水井排水泵的选择应以所要求的流速为基础,压力则以落差以及通过管道、阀门和配件的摩
擦损耗为基础。
The control should be automatic, based on either level switches or pressure switches.
控制是自动进行的, 以电平开关或压力开关为基础。
Essential systems such as surface water or sewage sump pumps should be arranged as duty and
standby.
系统基本的要求如水泵或污水潜水泵，应必须有备用泵。
Pump flow rates should be 100% each, and under normal inflow conditions, empty sump three times
per hour. This prevents excessive wear of moving parts of the pump systems, and is more energy
efficient than pumps that switch on thirty or more times per hour, if the sump chamber is too small or
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pump set over sized. In flood conditions both pumps should run. Low level cut-outs should be fitted to
prevent the pumps running dry.
每个泵的利用率都应该是100%。在正常流入情况下,每小时将污水坑排空三次。这可防止水泵
系统活动部件的过度磨损。如果泵房太小或泵组太大，这样做的能量效率比每小时开关泵30或
更多次的情况要高得多。在洪水情况下，所有的水泵都要开动。应配备低负荷断电装置，以防
止泵的干转。
Sewage sump pumps should be capable of passing 40mm solids and be fitted with cutting impellers
that macerate solids into management pieces.
污水潜水泵应该能让40毫米大小的固态物体通过，并配有切割叶轮，能将浸软的固体切成可以
处理的碎片。
Sumps for sewage pumps should be adequately ventilated to prevent build-up of noxious or explosive
gases.
为污水泵挖的深坑，应有良好的通风，以防止有害或易爆的气体积聚。
Pumps in sumps serving parking areas should be explosion proof to comply with local codes.
为停车场服务的深井泵，应根据地方法规配有防爆装置。
5.10.2.2.2. Sewage Ejectors 污水排水装置
When choosing a location for a sewage ejector consider placing adjacent to a laundry or other facility
with a compressed air system to take advantage of the installation however it can be remotely sited.
The working pressure should typically be the region of 1 to 2 bar, with the discharge pipework rated at
no less than 6 bar. The ejector should include duty and standby facilities. The pipework should
constantly rise to discharge to sewer or sewage treatment system.
在为污水排水装置选择地址时，应考虑将它们放在毗连洗衣房或其它具有压缩空气系统设备的
地方，以充分利用已安装的设备，但这个地方可能很远。工作时，压力一般应在 1-2 巴之间。
排水管道的额定压力不超过 6 巴。该污水排水装置也包括运转设备和备用设备两种。管道要不
断往上铺设，直到能将污水排入下水道或污水处理系统为止。
5.10.2.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南
5.10.2.3.1. Submersible Pumps 潜水泵
Submersible pumps on rivers, lakes or reservoirs should be suspended from floats anchored in
position, arranged so that suction inlet is a minimum of 800mm below the water surface.
在河、湖或水库中使用的潜水泵，应悬挂在锚在某一位置的漂浮物上。它的吸入口在水下，离
水表面的距离至少800毫米。
The suction inlet should be fitted with a strainer of sufficiently fine mesh to prevent ingress of debris
to the system.
吸入口应配有滤网，滤网上的网孔应非常精细，以防碎片进入系统。
The control panel should be mounted within a weatherproof enclosure at a sufficient height to allow
for local flood conditions.
控制面板应装在能防风避雨的围栏之内，应有足够的高度，以抵御当地洪水的侵袭。
Submersible pumps with sump chambers should be removable for maintenance by way of lifting
chains and guide rails and fitted with automatic couplings. Pumps located in smaller sumps such as
packaged units should be arranged to facilitate easy removal to reduce down times, maintenance costs,
etc.
具有污水坑室的潜水泵应可通过升降链和与之自动耦合在一起的引导围栏取出，以供维修。在
较小集水坑（如包装箱）中的泵，应该很好布置，使取出方便，以减少停机时间和维修成本
等。
Velocity of pumped water or effluent should be kept to maximum of 2.5 meters per second. The
pumps should be capable of handling temperatures up to 30°C. Pump speeds should be 1400rpm or a
maximum of 2900rpm
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抽出的水或流出物的速度应保持在最大值：2.5米/秒。该泵应能在温度高达300C的条件下运
转。泵的转速应为1400转/分钟，最大为2900转/分钟。
5.10.2.3.2. Sewage Ejectors 污水排水装置
Sewage ejector stations can be either self-contained as packaged units including a compressor as part
of the plant, or utilising compressed air from another source.
污水排水装置站可以是自我维持的，如将包含压缩机在内的包装箱作为机房的一部分，或利用
来自其它来源的压缩空气。
Flow rates through ejectors can be up to 500 litres per minute or down to 50 litres per minute.
通过排水装置的流率可能高达500升/分钟，或低到50升/分钟。
The capacity of the ejector vessel should be such that it discharges once per minute.
排水装置池容量应以每分钟喷射一次的流量为基础计算。
Where duty and standby ejectors are installed, twin inlets served from a common inlet well, allow for
automatic transfer of effluent to the standby vessel in the event of the duty vessel failing.
在需要安装运转排水装置和备用排水装置的地方，由公共入口井进入的双入口有利于排出物的
自动转送，在运转的排水装置发生故障时，会将排出物自动地转送到备用池中。
Where ejectors are required in more than one location, a single compressor station can serve several
ejectors via underground compressed air mains. Refer to schematics.
在不止一个位置需要配备排水装置的地方,单个压缩机站，可通过地下压缩空气主管道，同时
为几台排水装置服务。请参见图表。
5.10.3. BOOSTER PUMP SETS & PRESSURE VESSELS 增压泵组和压力容器
5.10.3.1. General 概述
Pumps should be fully packaged self contained units comprising main duty and automatic
standby/support pump, mounted on a fabricated steel base plate complete with integral control panel,
interconnecting pipework manifolds and full wiring for operation. The complete package should be
finished at factory with a suitable corrosion resistant primer and hard gloss top cost.
应将泵完全包装好，使之成为包括主要负载和自动的备用/支持泵在内的自维持单元，它们装在
特制的钢座上，与整个控制面板连在一起，当中用管道多通和全部配线相互连接。整体包装应在
工厂完成，上有适当的防腐底漆，装饰漂亮，但价格很高。
5.10.3.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
Pump sets should be arranged to run a maximum of 8 times per hour, with a pressure vessel sized to
cope with demand. Alternatively constant running jockey pumps can be installed, discharging unused
water back into break tank.
泵组应这样安排：每小时最多运行 8 次，并带有一个压力容器，大小与要求匹配。另一个方法是
安装持续运转的稳压泵，将不用的水排回到闲置的容器中。
5.10.3.3. Specification and Application Guide 规格和应用指南
The pumps should be vertical multi-stage quiet running high efficiency type with cast iron housing,
stainless steel impellers, stainless steel shaft and mechanical seals. The maximum pump speed shall be
2,900 rpm. All pumps shall operate under flooded suction conditions.
这些泵应该是垂直多级、平滑运行的高效型泵，配有铸铁外壳、不锈钢叶轮、不锈钢轴和机械
密封。最大泵速为2,900转/分钟，所有的泵将在洪水情况下运转。
Electric motors shall be totally enclosed, air cool arranged for direct-on-line starting up to 4kW, Stardelta starting over 4 kW or as required to meet local conditions.
附有整套电马达、处于连线状态的空气冷却装置，启动功率高达4千瓦，星三角起动超过4千瓦，
或按地方要求进行。
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The control panel should be design to comply with the local regulations. Protection from both direct and
indirect contact to be provided by earth leakage circuit breaker to ensure the automatic disconnection of
the supply in the event of an earth fault in either mains or control circuits, thereby providing a high
degree of protection against electric shock and fire.
控制面板的设计应遵从地方规则。用接地漏电断路器提供直接和间接接触保护，保证在输电干
线或控制线路中的接地回路发生故障时，能自动切断电源，从而为防止电击和防火提供了可靠的
保证。
As the set must be equi-potentially bonded to all adjacent pipework and metal work in accordance with
the local regulations, an earth bar is to be provided for this purpose in the control panel.
按照地方法规，在必须将泵组与所有附近的管道、金属工件捆绑在一起处于等电位状态时，应在
控制面板上为此目的提供接地棒。
The controls within the panel should include a triple pole contactor for each pump with single phase and
overload protection, hand-off-auto switch for each pump, HRC fuses, HRC control circuit fuses. In
addition, impulse operated relay for automatic changeover of duty pumps, low water level warning light
and ‘power on’ light high level break tank alarm, high and low level reset with mute switch and
terminals for remote indication by integrated alarm signals. The panels shall be lockable with a hinged
door inter-locked with the main isolating switch..
面板上的控制装置应该包括：用于每个单相和带有过载保护泵的三端接触器、手动--自动开关、
HRC保险丝、HRC控制线路保险丝。此外，还有用于控制工作泵自动转换的脉冲运转继电器、低
水流指示灯、电源指示灯、高水位水槽破裂报警器、具有无声开关的高和低位复位按钮，以及
用于通过综合报警信号进行远程指示的接线端。可将该面板锁起来，它有一个带铰链的门，可
用总隔离开关对它进行内锁。
The panel is to be provided with all switches labelled in local languages and English, complete with a
wiring diagram. They shall be supplied within the internal pocket of the panel.
所提供的面板，应在所有开关上都贴有中文和英语的标签，还应配上接线图。将它们放在面板的
内袋里。
The equipment is to be complete with all necessary terminals, labels, inter-connections, wiring diagram
and spare fuses. Enclosed in a sheet steel, dust and damp protecting housing with lockable door,
requiring one incoming three phase, four wire electrical supply to main isolator.
该设备还包括所有必需的接线端、标签、接头、接线图和备用保险丝。它们全部放在一个由钢板
制成的防湿、防尘的箱子里，可将箱子的门锁起来。主隔离器要求输入三相、四线电源。
Volt free contact shall be provided with run and trip function indictors for communication to BMS.
提供无电压接触，并配有用于与 BMS 系统运转和故障指示器。
Ancillary Equipment 辅助设备
Pumpsets should be provided with the following:
水泵设备应提供如下配件：
Flanged flexible coupling for the isolation of pipework system from the equipment for suction and
delivery manifolds.
法兰式软接头：用于管道系统与输送设备和输送管道系统。
Manifolds constructed from copper tube with lead free soldered joints or galvanised mild steel tube, or
UPVC in accordance with local codes or BS, whichever is most stringiest. Pipework 50mm and above
should be flanged.
输送多通可用具有无铅焊接的铜管，或电镀低碳钢管，或地方法规认可的UPVC或无缝钢管制作，
不管哪一种材料都应牢靠。50毫米及以上的管道都应装有发兰。
Isolation and non-return valves on each pump discharge and isolation valves on each pump suction
using components in accordance with section 5.2.0.
每个水泵上的隔离阀和止回阀，以及每个排水泵上的隔离阀，都采用与5.2.0节中所描述的部
件。
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Anti-vibration Mountings 防震装置
Pump control electrodes shall be provided complete with tank fixing boss assemblies and wiring
diagrams for cut out and cut in sequencing of pumps. Wiring between electrodes and control panels shall
be carried out by others.
应为泵提供控制电极，连同与水池固定的老板组合和用于先后开关各泵的配线图。电极与控制面
板的接线将由他人进行。
Where dual compartment tanks are specified, duplication of control electrodes is necessary to maintain
operation of the system from either compartment. A manual selector switch shall be provided in these
instances so that probes from only one compartment are in circuit.
在指定采用双隔间水池的地方，有必要提供双份控制电极，以保证任何一个隔间里的系统，都能
正常运转。在这些实例中，还要提供一个手控开关，保证只有一个隔间与电路相连。
Pressure switches for each pump for pressure operated sets, complete with hydraulic accumulator should
be constructed in accordance with local regulations.
用于每一个水泵的压力开关，应根据地方规定。
5.10.4. CIRCULATION PUMPS 循环泵
5.10.4.1. General 概述
Where centralised hot water systems are installed, circulation pumps should be installed on the returning
leg of the system prior to the calorifier or water heater.
在安装中央热水供水系统的地方,应安装循环泵。该泵应装在热交换器或加热器的系统返回管道
处。
5.10.4.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
Circulating pump should be sized to compensate for heat losses throughout the system.
循环泵的大小应能补偿整个系统的热耗
5.10.4.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南
Pumps for the circulation of hot water service secondary water should be in line circulators having
bronze or gunmetal bodies with stainless steel impellers and shafts. Electric motors should be totally
enclosed fan cool type.
用于提供二次热水循环泵与不锈钢叶轮直线安装，电马达都应配上冷却用的风扇。
Pumps set shall be prefabricated as a composite unit incorporating suction isolation valve, ‘Y’ type
strainer, suction pressure gauge, delivering non-return valve, delivery pressure gauge and delivery
isolation valve. They shall all mounted on a steel cantilever wall bracket and finished one coat of
corrosion resistant primer and one coat hard floss paint.
泵组应作为整体预制，应包括：吸入隔离阀、“Y”型过滤器、吸入压力计、排出止回流阀、排
出压力计和排出隔离阀。它们将全部装在钢制的托架上，最后涂上防腐底漆和油漆。
5.10.5. STORAGE TANKS & CISTERNS 储水罐和蓄水池
5.10.5.1. General 概述
Tank and cisterns should have ball-float valves, which automatically fill the tanks to a predetermined
level. Overflow pipes and (where required) warning pipes or alarms should be fitted to alert personnel
that an overflow situation is occurring or imminent.
储水罐和蓄水池应有浮球阀,它能自动地将容器填充到预先设定的水平。在需要的地方应安装溢
流管或报警装置，在溢流发生或即将发生时，应有专人照管。
Overflow outlets should be arranged so that inlet to the tank cannot become submerged. This is
particularly important where stored water is classed as non-potable, in which case special spill over
arrangements should be made in addition to overflow warning pipes.
溢流出口应仔细安排，不能让储水罐的入口淹没。这在储存非饮用水时特别重要，在这种情况
下，除设有溢流管外，还需要安排专用溢出口。
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5.10.5.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
Tanks for the provision of stored water should be capable of holding the water without tainting,
discolouring, or otherwise polluting the water.
用于储存水的储水罐应保证储存的水不感染、不变色
The stored water temperature should not rise above 20°C, nor drop to freezing point. All permanent
openings should be screened to prevent ingress of insects or vermin.
0
储存水的温度不应超过20 C，也不要低到冰点以下。所有的开口都应该遮蔽,以防昆虫或飞鸟进
入。
Where total storage is split between basement and roof levels, the bulk, where structure is adequate,
should be stored at roof level to take advantage of gravity for distribution purposes.
在所有的存储水都是在地下室和屋顶之间使用时，如果条件许可，应将储水箱放在屋顶上,这样
做的好处是：可以利用重力来配水。
5.10.6. INDIRECT WATER HEATERS/CALORIFIERS & HEAT EXCHANGERS 热水器/热交换器
5.10.6.1. General 概述
Copper construction calorifiers for vented hot water systems. Should be provided, sized to meet demand
of system based on heat up period for contents achievable by the heat source. The heat sources may be
boilers, district, heating systems, and in combination with heat recovery systems (pre-heating) etc.
热水系统需采用铜质热交换器。应在从热源所能得到的热量和热交换器加热周期的基础上，按
照需要来选择热交换器的大小。热源可能是锅炉、地区加热系统，或热回水系统(预热)等的组
合。
5.10.6.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
To prevent Legionella bacteria the contents of the HWS calorifier should be heated to 65°C and
distributed to serve the domestic hot water service system. To prevent scalding the temperature at the
outlets shall not exceed 50oC. This can be achieved via thermostatic mixing valves or blending directly
after the heat exchangers. Separate circulating pumps shall prevent stratification within vertical storage
tanks. The shell of the calorifier should be of sufficient strength to withstand the system pressures.
为防止军团菌Legionella，应将HWS热交换器中的水加热到650C，然后，分配到生活用热水系统
中。为防止烫伤，在出口处的温度不超过500C。这可以通过温度调节阀或在热交换器后进行水混
合实现。分开的循环泵将防止水在垂直储水罐中分层。热交换器的外壳，应有足够的强度，能承
受系统压力。
5.10.6.3. Specification & Application Guide 规格和应用指南
Heating elements shall be capable of raising the water temperature from 10°C to 65°C in two hours
when supplied with primary hot water at 82°C flow and 71°C return. Plate & frame heat exchangers are
well suited for this purpose. Note: where high demand charges are applied for district heating, ensure
that the primary flow is minimised by maximising T.
0
0
0
加热元件应能在二小时内将水温从10 C升到65 C。若开始供水的水温为82 C时， 返回水的温度便
0
为71 C。板框式热交换器也适用于这一目的。注意：在地区供热系统且付费较高的地方，要保证
用量尽量少，T尽量大。
The following connections should be arranged to suit local conditions:
应根据当地情况，安排如下接头：
 Primary flow and return 一次供水和回返
 Secondary flow and return 二次供水和回返
 Cold feed 冷水进水
 Drain at lowest point of heater 排水在加热器最低点
 Primary control thermostat 温度控制装置
 Thermometer 温度计
 Altitude gauge 高度计
 Safety valve 安全阀
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


Anti-vacuum valve 真空排气阀
High limit thermostat 超高温调节器
2½” boss connection for electric heating element where required.
在需要的地方，采用电加热元件的 2½”接头。
5.10.6.4. Environmental Considerations 环境
Thermal insulation of water heater and heat exchangers shall be free from CFC or other materials
harmful to the environment. The insulation should be of high grade/low transmission rate to reduce heat
loss from stored hot water.
热水器和热交换器的热绝缘不能用对环境有害的氟氯化碳（CFC）或其它材料。所用的热绝缘材
料应是高级/低传导型的，以减少储存热水中的热损失。
5.10.6.5. Space Allocation 空间配置
When allocating space for indirect water heaters, allowance should be made for manifold pipework,
circulating pumps, pressure vessels (where unvented), bundle removal (primary coils), access to
manhole opening, primary valve arrangements and control panel in addition to the calorifier size.
在为热水器配置空间的时候，应对如下装置留有足够的空间：各多通管道、循环泵、压力容器
没有排放气的)、初级管线、检修孔入口、主阀排列、控制面板等。此外，还要考虑热交换器本
身的大小。
Calorifier diameters range from 600mm to 1850mm diameter and heights from 1600mm to 4700mm.
热交换器的直径从 600 毫米到 1850 毫米不等，高度从 1600 毫米到 4700 毫米之间变化。
Where larger storage is required it would be more practical to have several calorifiers mani-folded
together, than to install one or two large calorifiers.
在要求更大储存容量的地方，将几个热交换器连在一起，比安装1个或2个更大的热交换器来得实
用。
As a guide, limit the height to approx 2000mm to suit, most plantroom areas if vertical. In larger
complexes, the calorifiers should be horizontally mounted.
作为指南：如果热交换器是垂直的，机房区域面积较大，把高度限制在2000毫米左右比较适合
的。在更大的系统中，热交换器应该水平安装。
i)
Example 500 bed hotel @ 45 l/bed storage = 22500l
Allow 3500 l w/h = 7 Nº horizontal heaters
Total space required = 10m x 10m x 2.2 high
例如，对有500个床位的旅馆，按45升/床计算，储水量=22500升
允许 3500 lw/h=7 Nº 水平加热器
要求的总空间 =10米x 10米x 2.2米高。
ii)
Example 150 bed hotel @ 45l/bed storage
Total storage = 6750 litres
例如，有 150 个床位的旅馆，按每床储存 45 升计算
总储水藏 =6750公升
a. Allow 3500 l units = 2 Nº horizontal units
Total space required = 4.5 x 5.5 x 2.2m high
允许 3500 l台=2 Nº 水平加热器台
要求的总空间 =4.5米x5.5米x 2.2米高
b. Allow 1750 l units = 4 Nº vertical units
Total space required = 7.5 x 2.7 x 3m high
允许 1750 l台=4 Nº 垂直加热器台
要求的总空间 =7.5 x 2.7 x 3米高
5.10.7. DIRECT WATER HEATERS 直接热水器
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5.10.7.1. General 概述
Direct water heaters may be heated utilising various heat sources, gas fired, oil fired or electrical. They
may be positioned horizontally or vertically, and can be vented or unvented and serve flow and return
systems providing domestic hot water.
直接热水器可用各种热源加热，如燃烧气体、燃烧油或用电。它们可以水平放置，也可以垂直放
置，可以通风或不通风，为生活用热水系统提供主流和回流服务。
5.10.7.2. Design Criteria 设计标准
Contents of direct water heater should be heated to 65°C and distributed to serve the domestic hot water
services system. Shells of the heaters should be of sufficient strength to withstand the system pressures.
Where practicable, situate heaters at roof level to keep flues of gas or oil fired heaters to minimum and
to minimise pressure on water heater’s shell.
0
直接热水器中的水应加热到65 C，提供给日常的热水服务系统。加热器的外壳应有足够的强度，
能承受系统压力。在条件许可的地方,可将加热器放在屋顶上，以将燃气或燃油加热器所产生的
废物降到最小，同时也将加热器外壳上的压力减到最小。
5.10.7.3. Specification & Applications 规格和应用
Burners or immersion heaters should be capable of raising temperature of contents from 10°C to 65°C
within two hours. Faster heat-up periods are accepted, reducing size of heater. Calculations should be
submitted to IHG if storage could be reduced to confirm maximum demand can be met by the reduced
storage in conjunction with faster heat-up times.
0
0
燃烧器或浸没式加热器应能在二小时内将水从10 C升到65 C。要加快加热周期，需减少加热器尺
寸。如果通过减少储水量和加快加热周期可满足最大需求的话，请将计算结果向IHG报告。
Direct water heaters by their nature, are susceptible to corrosion. In most instances cathodic protection is
introduced to protect heating elements and materials resistant to deposition used in the construction.
直接热水器本身很容易受到腐蚀。在大多数的情况中，都采用阴极保护结构，以保护加热元件，
和防止材料在结构中沉积。
Heater casing should include efficient insulation and be finished in enamel for easy cleaning and include
adequate access for inspection and cleaning.
加热器包装应包括有效的绝缘，上有表面磁漆，以利清洁，还要有合适的入口，以便检查和清
扫。
Drain point should be at the lowest point of heater and routed to discharge over an adjacent gully.
排水点应设在加热器的最低点，并用管子接到附近的集水沟上方排放。
Unvented heaters to be fitted with pressure/expansion vessel, thermal and pressure relief valves, which
discharge via a tundish in compliance with local regulations.
具有压力/膨胀容器和热压缓冲阀门的无通风加热器，根据地方规则，需经一个漏斗排放。
Table of direct water heater requirements
直接热水器要求一览表
Equipment
要求
Pressure gauge 压力计
Temperature gauge 温度计
Overheat thermostat and cut-out
过热调温和切断装置
Automatic ignition 自动点火
Anti-stratification circulation pump 防水分层循环泵
Control thermostat and control panel
温度控制调节装置和面板调节装置
Pressure switch to indicate flame failure - alarm and
volt free contact for BMS remote sensing.
用于指示熄火的压力开关、警报器和用于 BMS 系
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Gas or Oil Fired
燃气或燃油



Electrically Heated
电加热器




(1)

(1)


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Equipment
要求
统控制遥控装置
Piezo ignition 压电点火
Frost protection 霜冻保护
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Gas or Oil Fired
燃气或燃油
Electrically Heated
电加热器



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5.11.
SUB METERING 分表计量
5.11.1. GENERAL 概述
Sub meters should be included on all systems that consume water or gas to assist in the following:
在所有系统中，应包括水表、煤气表等计量仪表，它能记录所消耗的水量和煤气量，这有利于：
(i) Management of water and energy resources.
水和能源的管理
(ii) Benchmarking and tracking of usage.
使用基准和跟踪用量
(iii)To identify heavy users within systems so that better, more economical distribution of resources can
be planned.
在系统内识别使用大户，这样能制订更好、更经济的资源分配计划
(iv) To charge leased areas.
收取租费
5.11.2. DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
In addition to meters on incoming supplies, meters should be fitted on pipe runs serving defined areas
such as kitchens, laundries, restaurants, pool plant rooms, etc. Meters should be supplied with facility
for remote monitoring by BMS.
除了进气（或油）表外，在一些固定的服务区,如厨房、洗衣店、餐馆、游泳池机房等，应将这
些计量仪表与运行的管道配在一起。配备这些计量仪表有助于通过BMS进行远距离监视。
5.11.3. SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
Meters should be manufactured from dezincification resistant cast brass, with connectors suitable for the
pipework in which they are installed. Meters in excess of 28mm bore should be independently
supported to alleviate stress upon pipework. Meters should be rotary type, rated at pressure and flow
rates expected.
计量仪表应用抗脱锌的生黄铜制造，接口适合于已安装好的管道。超过28毫米管孔的计量仪表应
独立支撑，以减轻对管道的压力。计量仪表应该采用转动型的,具有所期望的额定值。
Areas to be Sub-Metered
使用分表计量的区域
Leased areas such as shops & offices etc.
出租区，如商店、办公室等
Kitchen and Catering Areas
厨房和餐厅
Laundry
洗衣房
Guest Rooms
客房
Pool and Health Club Complex
游泳与健康俱乐部联合体
Boiler make-up
锅炉系统
Irrigation System *
灌溉系统
Cooling Towers *
冷却塔
*Credit for sewage infrastructure/disposal charges.
包括污水基础设施/处理费用。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 6 – FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS WITH DISABILITIES
6) FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS
WITH DISABILITIES
残障游客设施
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SECTION 6 – FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS WITH DISABILITIES
6.1.
FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS WITH DISABILITIES 残障游客设施 ............................ 306
6.1.1.
GENERAL 概要 ..................................................................................................... 306
6.1.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准 .............................................................................. 306
6.1.2.1.
6.1.2.2.
6.1.2.3.
6.1.2.4.
Electrical 电气 ............................................................................................................... 306
HVAC 采暖通风与空调 ................................................................................................ 306
Plumbing 管道工程 ....................................................................................................... 306
Fire Life Safety 消防生命安全 ...................................................................................... 306
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 6 – FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS WITH DISABILITIES
6.1.
FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS WITH DISABILITIES 残障游客设施
6.1.1.
GENERAL 概要
This section of the IHG standard is dedicated to the requirements of disabled guests. All hotels are
required to comply with local regulatory authorities, however these standards exceed many local
regulations.
本章节主要是为了满足残障客人的需求。本标准可能会超越当地的规章制度，但所有酒店必须
遵从当地监管局。
6.1.2.
DESIGN CRITERIA 设计标准
6.1.2.1. Electrical 电气
Socket outlets, switches, etc in disabled guestrooms must be mounted at 1200mm above floor level.
残疾人专用客房内的插座，开关等必须安装在离地面 1200 毫米高处。
Fire alarm sounders within disabled guestrooms should be fitted with an integral or adjacent xenon flash
beacon unit.
残疾人专用客房内的火灾警报器必须与氙气闪动灯标集成的或与之毗邻的安装在一起。
Guestrooms for guests with hearing disabilities should be provided with a visual door call system.
听觉障碍人士的专用客房内应该配备可视门铃系统。
Disabled bathrooms should be fitted with hair dryers permanently hard-wired to a fused connection unit,
(or similar), fed from an RCD controlled circuit.
残疾人客房的浴室内应该装有永久性固线连接的，并装有熔断器接驳器的吹风机。
6.1.2.2. HVAC 采暖通风与空调
Thermostat and fan speed controller should be mounted at 1200mm above floor level.
温度调节装置与风速控制装置应当安装在离地面 1200 毫米处。
6.1.2.3. Plumbing 管道工程
Sanitaryware to be selected to suit the specific requirements of disabled guests. Shower areas to have
floor drain and seat with controls easily operated from seated position.
卫生洁具的选用应当符合残障人士的特殊需求。淋浴区域应当具有地面排水，以及配备带控制
装置的座位以便在坐着的时候操作方便。
Baths should be fitted with grab rails securely fitted across the bathtub. The bathtub design should
facilitate ease of access to and from the bathtub.
浴室内应当装有牢固的横跨浴缸的扶手杆。浴缸的设计应该能够方便进出浴缸。
Wash hand basins should be fitted at the recommended height for use from wheelchair with lever action
taps. Hot water supply should be from blender set at a safe temperature and fail safe cold.
洗手池应当安装杠杆水龙头并装在建议的高度以方便坐轮椅的人使用。热水应通过混合设备供
应，并设定合适的水温，不要太冷。
WC seat to be at a height suitable for access from a wheelchair and be located with enough space to
park wheel chair along side with grab rails to suit.
厕所马桶的高度应当符合坐轮椅的人容易进出的需求，并保留足够的空间用于停放轮椅，同时
厕所马桶旁边必须安装扶手杆。
6.1.2.4. Fire Life Safety 消防生命安全
Fire alarm sounders within disabled guestrooms should be fitted with an integral or adjacent xenon flash
beacon unit.
残疾人客房内的火灾报警探测器应配备整体的或分体（相邻）氙气闪光信号组件（频闪灯）。
Guestroom door must be fitted with delayed action self-closing device.
客房门必须配备延迟自动关闭装置。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
7) FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
防火生命安全系统
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
7.1 OVERVIEW – ABOUT THESE STANDARDS 总论 - 关于这些标准 ..................................... 312
7.1.1 GENERAL 一般规定 ..................................................................................................... 312
7.1.2 Reference 参考标准 ......................................................................................................... 314
7.2 FIRE PREVENTION 火灾预防 ................................................................................................... 314
7.2.1 External Ignition Control 外部起火的控制 ..................................................................... 315
7.2.2 When Protection Is Required 什么时候需要保护 ........................................................... 315
7.2.2.1 Degree of Protection 保护程度 .................................................................................... 315
7.2.3 Thermal Energy Sources 热能源 ..................................................................................... 316
7.2.4 Human Involvement 人为因素 ........................................................................................ 316
7.2.5 INITIAL FIRE GROWTH 火灾的初始生成................................................................... 316
7.2.5.1 Fuel For Ignition 会形成起火的燃料 ........................................................................... 316
7.2.5.2 Decorations 装饰 ........................................................................................................... 317
7.2.5.3 Special Cases 特殊情况 ................................................................................................ 319
7.2.6 FIRE DURATION 火灾的持续时间 ............................................................................... 319
7.2.6.1 Fuel Load Distribution 燃料负荷的分布 ...................................................................... 319
7.2.6.2 Time-temperature curve 时间-温度曲线 ...................................................................... 319
7.3 COMPARTMENTATION 防火间隔 .......................................................................................... 321
7.3.1 Rating of Structural Elements 结构单元的防火定级 ...................................................... 321
7.3.2 Type IV Construction 类型 IV 构造 ................................................................................ 322
7.3.2.1 General 一般规定 ......................................................................................................... 322
7.3.2.2 Columns 柱子................................................................................................................ 322
7.3.2.3 Floor Framing 地板框架 ............................................................................................... 322
7.3.2.4 Roof Framing 屋顶框架................................................................................................ 322
7.3.2.5 Flooring 地板铺设 ........................................................................................................ 323
7.3.2.6 Roofs 屋顶 .................................................................................................................... 323
7.3.2.7 Walls 墙壁 ..................................................................................................................... 323
7.3.2.8 Exterior Structural Members 外部结构件 .................................................................... 323
7.3.3 BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS 楼宇高度和面积 ................................................ 324
7.3.3.1 Height of Building 楼宇的高度 .................................................................................... 324
7.3.3.2 Clarification 声明 .......................................................................................................... 324
7.3.3.3 Classification of Buildings 楼宇的分类 ...................................................................... 324
7.3.4 BARRIERS TO FIRE SPREAD 火灾散布的屏障.......................................................... 325
7.3.4.1 Floors 地板 .................................................................................................................... 325
7.3.4.2 Fire Walls, Doors and Dampers 防火墙、门和防火阀 ................................................ 325
7.3.4.3 Fire Partitions, Doors and Damper s 防火隔墙、门和防火阀 ..................................... 326
7.3.4.4 Corridor Walls, Doors and Dampers 走廊墙壁、门和防火阀..................................... 328
7.3.4.5 Exit Stairwell Enclosures 安全出口楼梯间围墙 .......................................................... 328
7.3.4.6 Elevator Enclosures 电梯围墙 ...................................................................................... 328
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
7.3.4.7 Other Shafts 其它井筒 .................................................................................................. 329
7.3.4.8 Escalators 自动扶梯 ...................................................................................................... 329
7.3.4.9 Atrium 中庭 .................................................................................................................. 330
7.3.4.10 Attic 顶楼 .................................................................................................................... 332
7.3.4.11 Separation of Use Spaces 使用空间的隔离 ................................................................ 332
7.3.4.12 Separation of Use Groups 使用组别的隔离 ............................................................... 332
7.3.4.13 Other Areas 其它区域 ................................................................................................. 333
7.3.5 BARRIERS TO SMOKE SPREAD 烟雾散布的屏障 .................................................... 334
7.3.5.1 Physical Barriers 物理屏障 ........................................................................................... 335
7.3.5.2 Smoke Management Systems 烟雾管理系统 ............................................................... 335
7.4 DETECTION, ALARM AND EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION 检测，报警和紧急通讯336
7.4.1 DETECTION 检测........................................................................................................... 336
7.4.1.1 Human Detection 人的检测 .......................................................................................... 337
7.4.1.2 Heat 热量 ...................................................................................................................... 337
7.4.1.3 Smoke 烟雾 ................................................................................................................... 338
7.4.2 FIRE ALARM SYSTEM 火灾报警系统 ........................................................................ 339
7.4.2.1 Emergency Paging and Voice Alarm System 紧急播叫和声音报警系统 ................... 341
7.4.2.2 Fireman’s Telephone System 消防电话系统................................................................ 341
7.4.2.3 Smoke Management System 烟雾管理系统 ................................................................. 341
7.4.2.4 Equipment 设备............................................................................................................. 341
7.4.2.5 Fire Alarm System Operation 火灾报警系统的操作 ................................................... 344
7.4.2.6 Emergency Voice Evacuation Systems Operation 紧急广播疏散系统的操作 ............ 348
7.4.2.7 Fireman’s Telephone System Operation 消防队员电话系统的操作 ........................... 351
7.4.2.8 Pocket Pager Interface 袖珍寻呼机接口 ...................................................................... 351
7.4.2.9 Smoke Management Control System 烟雾管理控制系统............................................ 352
7.4.2.10 Lift Interface 电梯的接口 ........................................................................................... 352
7.4.2.11 Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning 采暖，通风和空调 ................................. 353
7.4.2.12 Building Management System (BMS) 楼宇管理系统 ................................................ 353
7.4.2.13 Sprinkler/Fire Pump System 喷淋/消防泵系统 .......................................................... 353
7.4.2.14 Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳 ...................................................................................... 353
7.4.3 COMMISSIONING & TESTING of Fire Protection equipment 消防设备试运转及调试354
7.4.3.1 Alarms 报警 .................................................................................................................. 354
7.4.3.2 System Operation 系统的运行 ..................................................................................... 354
7.4.3.3 Local Action on Alarm 报警的当地作用 ..................................................................... 356
7.4.4 FIRE DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION 消防部门通告 ................................................ 356
7.4.4.1 Automatic 自动的 ......................................................................................................... 356
7.4.4.2 Manual 手动的 .............................................................................................................. 357
7.4.5 Records and Instructions 记录和说明书.......................................................................... 358
7.5 ESCAPE ROUTES AND EMERGENCY POWER 逃生路线和紧急电力 .............................. 358
7.5.1 SUMMARY 综述 ............................................................................................................ 358
7.5.2 ESCAPE SYSTEM COMPONENTS 逃生系统的组成部分 .......................................... 360
7.5.2.1 Exit Access System 安全出口通路系统 ....................................................................... 360
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7.5.2.2 Exit Access Capacity 安全出口通路的容量 ................................................................ 361
7.5.2.3 Distance of Travel and Exit Separation 行程的距离和安全出口分离 ........................ 361
7.5.2.4 Exit Protection 安全出口保护 ...................................................................................... 362
7.5.2.5 Exit Access Identification 安全出口通路的判别 ......................................................... 363
7.5.3 Protected Means of Escape 逃生的保护措施 .................................................................. 364
7.5.3.1 Capacity 容量 ................................................................................................................ 364
7.5.3.2 Minimum Number of Exits 安全出口的最小数目 ....................................................... 365
7.5.3.3 Egress Capacity for All Occupancies 所有入住者的撤出容量.................................... 366
7.5.3.4 Occupant Load (Population Density) 入住客负荷（人口密度） ................................ 366
7.5.3.5 Horizontal Exits 水平安全出口 .................................................................................... 366
7.5.4 Marking of Exits 安全出口的标记 .................................................................................. 367
7.5.4.1 Protection 保护 .............................................................................................................. 367
7.5.4.2 Dimensions 尺寸 ........................................................................................................... 368
7.5.4.3 Security 保安 ................................................................................................................. 369
7.5.4.4 Stairwell and Ramp Dimension Requirements 楼梯间和坡道尺寸要求 ..................... 369
7.5.4.5 Exit Discharge System 安全出口疏散系统 .................................................................. 370
7.5.4.6 Capacity 容量 ................................................................................................................ 370
7.5.4.7 Location 地点 ................................................................................................................ 371
7.5.4.8 Enclosure 围墙 .............................................................................................................. 371
7.5.4.9 Marking of Exit Discharge 安全出口疏散的标记........................................................ 371
7.5.4.10 Security at Exit Discharge Doors 安全出口疏散门处的保安 .................................... 372
7.5.5 LIGHTING, MARKING AND EMERGENCY POWER 照明、标记和紧急电力 ....... 372
7.5.5.1 Lighting 照明 ................................................................................................................ 372
7.5.5.2 Exit and Directional Signs 安全出口和方向符号 ........................................................ 373
7.5.5.3 Emergency Power Requirements 紧急电力的要求 ...................................................... 373
7.6 FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT SYSTEMS 灭火系统 ..................................................................... 376
7.6.1 Automatic Sprinkler Systems 自动喷淋系统 .................................................................. 376
7.6.2 Hydraulically Designed Systems (Required by IHG) 液力设计系统（IHG 要求） ...... 377
7.6.3 Pipe Schedule Systems 管子计划系统 ............................................................................ 378
7.6.4 Manual Systems 手动系统............................................................................................... 379
7.6.5 SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南 ................................... 379
7.6.5.1 Sprinkler Systems 喷淋系统 ......................................................................................... 379
7.6.5.2 Restaurant hood, duct and cooking appliance systems 餐厅棚罩，管道和烹调器具系统382
7.6.5.3 Computer rooms 计算机房 ........................................................................................... 387
7.6.5.4 Fire Hose Reels 消防水龙带卷轴 ................................................................................. 387
7.6.5.5 Hand held fire extinguishers 手持灭火器 ..................................................................... 387
7.6.5.6 Hydrant Systems 消防栓系统 ....................................................................................... 388
7.6.5.7 Standpipes and Hose Reels 立管和水龙带卷轴 ........................................................... 389
7.6.5.8 Siamese Connections 水泵接合器 ................................................................................ 391
7.6.6 WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS 供水要求 ........................................................... 392
7.6.6.1 Methodology 方法......................................................................................................... 392
7.6.6.2 Worked Example 工作实例 .......................................................................................... 393
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7.6.6.3 Permitted Deviations 允许偏差 .................................................................................... 394
7.6.7 ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION 环境和能量节约 ........................... 394
7.6.8 COMMISSIONING & TESTING 试运转和调试 ........................................................... 395
7.6.9 OPERATING & MAINTENANCE 运行和维护 ............................................................ 395
7.6.10 SPARE PARTS 备件 ..................................................................................................... 396
7.6.11 APPROVED MANUFACTURERS 核准的制造商 ...................................................... 396
7.6.12 Fire Protection Check List 消防核对表 ......................................................................... 396
7.7 Related Fire Protection Requirements 相关消防要求................................................................ 398
7.7.1 Fire Command Centre (FCC) 消防指挥中心（FCC） .................................................. 398
7.7.2 Dedicated Elevators 专用电梯 ......................................................................................... 398
7.7.3 Access 通路 ...................................................................................................................... 399
7.7.4 Smoke and Heat Venting 烟和热量的排除 ..................................................................... 400
7.7.5 Tents and Temporary Structures 帐篷和临时建筑 ........................................................... 400
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7.1
OVERVIEW – ABOUT THESE STANDARDS 总论 - 关于这些标准
These standards have been developed by InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG) – Asia Pacific Division
for use by architects, engineers, developers, interior designers, and others who need to be integrally
involved with the development and renovation and re-branding of InterContinental Hotels Group Hotels.
This document is intended for use in conjunction with all applicable local codes and regulations. This
document is based on internationally accepted fire and life safety standards. This document is
condensed; it is assumed the reader has access to national and international fire codes and standards to
emphasis greater detail. Where conflicts or contradictions occur between this document and other IHG
documents the contents of this document shall take precedence. Local regulations which establish more
restrictive limitations than these standards must be followed. When these standards are more restrictive
than local regulations, these standards shall be followed.
这些标准是由洲际酒店集团（IHG）-亚洲太平洋分部所开发的，可以被建筑师，工程师，室内
设计师，以及其他和洲际酒店集团开发、革新以及品牌重建工作有关的人员所使用。这份文件
希望能和一切适用的当地法规和规章结合在一起使用。这份文件的基础是那些国际上普遍接受
的防火和生命安全标准。这份文件是浓缩的；假设读者是可以访问国家的和国际的防火法规和
规章以获得更多的细节。如果在这份文件同其它 IHG 文件之间产生了冲突和矛盾，则本文件的
内容应被取为优先。如果当地规章比这些标准高，则应遵循当地规章。如果这些标准比当地的
规章要求高，则应该遵循这些标准。
InterContinental Hotel Groups Fire and Life Safety standards are designed with five basic areas of
building fire safety in mind.
洲际酒店集团的防火和生命安全标准的设计应该记住防火安全的五个基本范围。
1.
Fire Prevention – through controlling the quality of construction and interior finish material
防火- 通过控制建筑和内部装修材料的质量
2.
Compartmentation – Design features to retard the spread of fire and smoke
分隔- 各种设计上的特点以延迟火和烟的扩撒
3.
Detection, Alarm and Emergency Communication – Designed to alert the staff and guests and
local fire department
检测，报警和紧急通讯- 通过设计向员工和住客以及当地消防部门报警
4.
Escape Routes and Emergency Power – to facilitate the safe evacuation of hotel occupants
逃生路线和紧急电源- 帮助酒店居住者易于安全疏散
5.
Fire Extinguishment System – Consists of automatic sprinklers and other dedicated systems which
automatically extinguish fires
灭火系统- 包括自动喷淋装置以及可以自动灭火的其它专门系统
Fire protection should be provided in all areas of the premises. The fire protection systems must
conform to local fire regulations as a minimum and IHG codes which ever are the most stringent and
should be based on NFPA codes.
消防保护应该覆盖所有区域。各种防火系统必须符合当地防火规章作为最低要求以及 IHG 的标
准，按二者中最严格者执行，并且都应该基于 NFPA 的规范。
7.1.1
GENERAL 一般规定
The purpose of these standards is to safeguard life and property from fire, explosion, panic or other
hazardous conditions which may arise in hotels and/or other buildings with which IHG is connected in
any way.
制定这些标准的目的是在保护人员的生命和财产安全，免受火灾，爆炸，恐慌或其它危险状态
的影响，而这些灾害可能是由洲际相关联的酒店或其他建筑引起的。
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Where a variation to these standards is proposed for any reason, IHG's written consent must be obtained.
Consent will be given to upgrading to meet local regulations. Consent will not be given to reducing the
level of protection afforded by the following IHG standards.
当由于任何理由要对这些标准作出改变时，必须获得 IHG 的书面同意。洲际可以同意提高标准
以达到当地的规章，但是不同意降低 IHG 标准所规定的保护水平。
Should it be necessary to look for savings in construction costs, fire protection standards are excluded
and shall not be reduced under any circumstances.
如果有需要寻求节约建设成本，则防火标准应该不包括在内而且在任何情况下都不应该降低。
It is the primary responsibility of the Architects and Consulting Engineers to obtain complete
information on all local fire protection regulations, and on procedures to be followed in obtaining
necessary approvals from local authorities.
建筑师和顾问工程师们的主要责任是要获得所有当地防火规章的全部信息，以及从当地权力机
关获得批准所要遵循的程序上的完整信息。
It is the primary responsibility of the Architects, Interior Designers, and Consulting Engineers to ensure
compliance with all applicable local fire protection regulations and these standards. To this end, they
shall monitor carefully design drawings, specifications, shop drawings and field construction
accordingly. Before construction begins, they shall ensure that design documents have been reviewed
and approved by IHG's insurance specialists as well as all local authorities concerned. For building
designs posing special or unusual fire protection problems the Architect may retain the services of a
recognised Fire Protection Consultant, approved by IHG.
建筑师，室内、建筑设计师和顾问工程师们的主要责任是保证遵从所有适用的当地防火规章和
这些标准。因此他们应该始终仔细地监控设计图纸，技术规格，施工图纸以及场地建设。在建
设开始之前，他们应该保证所有的文件已经经过 IHG 的保险专家以及所涉及的全部当地权力机
构的评议和批准。对于形成特殊的和不寻常防火问题的楼宇的设计，建筑师可以取得 IHG 批准
的消防顾问服务。
Not only should construction be reviewed to ensure minimum fire hazard, but also to eliminate hazard
through toxic fumes and spread of smoke and fumes as a result of fire.
不仅结构应该经过评议以保证发生火灾的危险为最少，而且要消除因火灾而引起的毒烟通过和
烟雾散布的危险。
The Architects must also co-ordinate with the Interior Designers to be sure that finish materials and
fixed decor are of fire resistive materials, properly treated where necessary with fire retardant coatings.
建筑师们还必须同室内设计师们进行协调以确认所用的装修材料和固定的装饰都使用耐火材
料，而且按照需要经过耐火涂层的适当处理。
The Interior Designers must also coordinate with the Purchasing Agents to be sure that fabrics, carpets,
furniture etc. meet appropriate standards for flame spread and combustibility and that the treatments will
remain effective or be easily maintained for the life of the materials and items themselves. Appropriate
labels or certificates must be available to confirm the standard.
内部（结构）设计师还必须同采购人员进行协调以确认各种织品，地毯，家具等都达到抗火焰
散布和可燃性方面的合适标准，而且所进行的处理在材料和物品本身的寿命期间都能保持有效
或易于保持有效。必须具有合适的证书以确认其达到了标准。
Refer to section 1.2.1 for common omissions and problems, these items should be taken into account of
any design.
请参考第 1.2.1 节通常疏忽的问题，任何设计都应该考虑这些项目。
When an IHG property is integrated with or interconnected with another building, the building shall
provide protection equal to the fire protection and life safety standards required for the IHG property, as
defined by IHG’s Design and Engineering department on a case by case evaluation.
当一个 IHG 管理的物业和其他的一个大楼相连接或结合的时候，此大楼必须提供相当于 IHG 的
防火和生命安全标准的保障，此标准是 IHG 的设计工程部设定于对每一个个案评估的基础上。
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7.1.2
REFERENCE 参考标准
The latest current edition of the National Fire Codes, a Copyright compilation of the NFPA Codes,
Standards, Recommended Practices and Manuals published by the National Fire Protection Association,
Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massachusetts, 02269, USA shall be considered as the IHG Fire Protection
Standards, except as hereinafter modified.
国 家 防 火 法 规 （ NFPA ） 的 最 近 现 行 版 本 ， NFPA 法 规 的 有 版 权 的 汇 编 ， 由 国 家 防 火 协 会
（ National Fire Protection Association ， Batterymarch Park Quincy ， Massachusetts,
02269，USA）出版的推荐操作规程及手册都应该认作为 IHG 的消防标准，除了在下文中作过修
正的以外。
Without limiting the volume and generality of the National Fire Codes, specific reference is made to the
following:
不限制于国家防火法规（NFPA）的容量和普遍性，具体参考了以下内容：
Life Safety Code 生命安全法规
Portable Fire Extinguishers 便携式灭火器
Carbon dioxide Systems 二氧化碳系统
Installation of sprinkler Systems 喷淋系统的安装
Stand pipes and Hose Systems 立管和水龙带系统
Centrifugal Fire Pumps 离心式消防泵
Oil Burning Equipment 油燃烧设备
National Fuel Gas Code 国家燃气法规
Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases 液化石油气的储存和搬运
National Electrical Code 国家电气法规
Protective Signalling Systems for Guard, Fire Alarms and Supervisory
Service, Central Station
用于保卫，火灾报警和监督服务，消防中心站的保护信号系统
NFPA No. 72E
Automatic Fire Detectors 自动火灾检测器
NFPA No. 78 +UL96A Lightning Protection Code 雷电防护法规
NFPA No. 80
Fire Doors and Windows 防火门和窗
NFPA No. 85D
Fuel Oil Fired Multiple Burner Boilers 燃油为燃料的多燃烧器锅炉
NFPA No .90A
Air-Conditioning and Ventilation Systems 空调和通风系统
NFPA No. 90B
Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning System 暖气和空调系统
NFPA No. 96
Vapour and Smoke Removal Commercial and Cooking Equipment
商用和烹调设备的蒸气和烟雾去除
NFPA No. 75
Computers 计算机
GB 50016
建筑设计防火规范
GB 50084
自动喷水灭火设计规范
GB 50974
消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范
GB 50116
火灾自动报警系统设计规范
All Architects and Consulting Engineers must verify that the Codes and Sections they are using are the
latest applicable. All references in the National Fire Codes, to "authority having jurisdiction" shall be
interpreted as referring to the competent local authority or to IHG, as appropriate. Australian
Standards are also acceptable when required; IHG must approve the substitution of any standards from
NFPA.
NFPA No. 101+101A
NFPA No. 10
NFPA No. 12
NFPA No. 13
NFPA No. 14
NFPA No. 20
NFPA No. 31
NFPA No. 54
NFPA No. 58
NFPA No. 70
NFPA No. 71
所有建筑师和顾问工程师都必须证实他们正在使用的各种法规和各章节都是最近适用的。对于
国家防火法规中的所有参考内容中的“具有权限的权力机构”都应该合适地解释为涉及主管当
局或 IHG。在有要求时澳大利亚标准也是可接受的；IHG 必须批准 NFPA 来的任何标准作替代。
7.2
FIRE PREVENTION 火灾预防
The analysis of fire threats in buildings commences with a review of the types of fire threat, how they
might ignite, how fast they progress and the severity and intensity of longer burning. A hotel is at threat
from a fire commencing in an adjacent property. This shall be a consideration for site feasibility
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analysis. The design of the hotel must take into consideration these types of external risks when
developing appropriate fire systems within the hotel.
楼宇中火灾威胁的分析是从评议火灾威胁的各种类型开始的，它们是如何点燃的，它们进展的
快速程度如何，以及较长时间燃烧的严重性和强度如何。一家酒店是处于从邻近楼宇开始的火
灾威胁之下的。这就应该考虑场地可行性的分析。在开发酒店内部的合适消防系统时，酒店的
设计必须考虑这些类型的外部风险。
Factors to consider when designing hotels include sources of thermal energy to ignite and fuels available
to be ignited. Some sources may be electrical or mechanical equipment malfunction. The speed that
fires spread at within the hotel is partly controlled by fuels. These can be interior finishes and decorative
materials. All consultants have a role to play in selecting appropriate finishes. Lastly the severity of
building fires generally depends on the amount of combustible materials in the building and is referred
to as the “fire load”. The building must be designed to cope with the severity and duration of any
potential fire in hotels.
在设计酒店时要考虑的因素包括会起火的热能源和可供应给起火的燃料。某些起火的来源可能
是电气或机械设备的错误功能。酒店内火灾散布的速度部分地是由燃料控制的。这些燃料可能
是内部光整（末道漆）材料和装饰材料。在选择合适的光整材料时所有的顾问都应起作用。最
后，建筑物火灾的严重程度一般都取决于建筑物中可燃材料的数量，而后者则称作为“火灾负
载”。楼宇必须设计成能应付酒店内任何严重的和长时间的潜在火灾
7.2.1
EXTERNAL IGNITION CONTROL 外部起火的控制
External ignition, known as exposure, is the hazard of ignition from a fire outside the building. The
exposure threat to a building may be controlled by physical separation, decreasing the exposing fire size,
or increasing the exposed building's fire resistance.
外部起火，称之为辐照（exposure），就是由酒店之外的火灾引起的起火危险。辐照对楼宇的
威胁可以通过物理分离，减少辐照火的大小，或增加被辐照的楼宇的抗火灾能力。
7.2.2
WHEN PROTECTION IS REQUIRED 什么时候需要保护
In order to ensure that a IHG hotel is not unduly threatened by a fire occurring in an adjacent structure,
consideration shall be given to protection of every opening in the exterior wall. Protection of the wall
openings shall be considered when the nearest building is (or may be built in the future) less than 9 m
away.
为了保证 IHG 酒店不受邻近建筑火灾的威胁，应该考虑对外墙上的每一个开口给以保护。当毗
邻的楼宇（或将来会建造的）的距离少于 9 米时，外墙上开口就应该考虑保护。
When an adjacent structure can be expected to be less than 9 m away from the exterior wall of an IHG
Hotel, and if the hotel is taller than the adjacent structure, exterior openings must be protected up to a
level of at least 15 m above the adjacent roof level. However, if the roof of the adjacent structure can be
proven to have a fire resistance rating of at least one and one-half hours, the opening protective in the
exterior wall of the hotel need not extend above the roof level of the adjacent structure. Automatic
sprinklers in the adjacent buildings are not to be considered in determining exposure protection. If the
building is going to be the only building in the area, consideration of the possible exposures that may be
constructed in the future shall be anticipated and protection provided as discussed above.
当邻近的结构距离 IHG 酒店的外墙的距离要少于 9 米时，而且如果酒店是高于该邻近建筑，外
墙的开口必须给以保护到比邻近结构屋顶的标高至少要高 15 米的水平。然而，如果可以证明邻
近结构的屋顶具有至少一到一个半小时的抗火灾级别，那么酒店外墙上开口的保护无需扩展到
邻近建筑屋顶的水平之上。在决定辐射保护时不要考虑邻近楼宇中的自动喷淋系统。如果该楼
宇是区域中的唯一楼宇，则应该将未来可能构成的辐射考虑在内并且提供以上所述的保护。
Generally buildings less than 4 stories can be exempted from some forms of fire systems upon approval
from IHG Design and Engineering.
取得 IHG 设计和工程部门的批准之后，一般来说少于 4 层的楼宇可免于考虑部分消防系统。
7.2.2.1 Degree of Protection 保护程度
The degree of protection required for openings in exterior bearing and non-bearing walls can be
determined based upon the fire resistance rating required for non-bearing exterior walls.
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对于外部承重墙和非承重墙上的开口所要求的保护程度可以根据对非承重外墙所要求的耐火级
别来决定。
Where the non-bearing exterior walls are required to have either 2 hour or a 1-1/2 hour fire ratings, at
least a 1-1/2 hour opening protective shall be used.
在对非承重外墙要求具有 2 小时或 1-1/2 小时的耐火级别时，应该使用至少 1-1/2 小时耐火级
别的开口保护。
Where the non-bearing exterior walls are required to have 1 hour fire ratings, at least a 3/4 hour opening
protective shall be used.
在对非承重外墙要求具有 1 小时的耐火级别时，应该使用至少 3/4 小时耐火级别的开口保护。
7.2.3
THERMAL ENERGY SOURCES 热能源
Common sources of thermal energy, which start fires in hotels, including built-in electrical and
mechanical systems, shall be designed with both the use and maintenance needs of the building in mind,
following sound electrical and mechanical engineering practices.
会在酒店中引起火灾的普通热能源，包括预埋电气和机械系统在内，设计时牢记该建筑物的使
用和维护两方面的需要，并遵从合理的电气和机械工程的规律。
7.2.4
HUMAN INVOLVEMENT 人为因素
In the back-of-the-house of all properties, specific protected areas shall be set aside where smoking is
permitted. Prevention of intentionally set fires is also a matter of concern. Security issues and the
control of doors are discussed in other parts of the engineering design manual.
在后勤区域，如果是允许吸烟的话则应该留出特殊的保护区域。预防故意纵火也是一个需要注
意的问题。保安问题以及各种门的控制在工程设计手册的其它部分中讨论。
7.2.5
INITIAL FIRE GROWTH 火灾的初始生成
Once ignited, factors such as the physical size, type, amount and arrangement of the fuel will greatly
influence the rate of initial fire growth.
一旦起火，如燃料自然尺寸，类型，数量和布置的各种因素将显著影响火灾初始生成的速率。
7.2.5.1 Fuel For Ignition 会形成起火的燃料
In general, fuels, which are finely divided, are relatively light weight or have relatively large
combustible surface areas can lead to rapid fire growth. Interior designers and architects shall make
every effort to avoid the use of such materials, especially in spaces which are not separated from public
areas by fire resistive barriers.
一般来说，分散的，即那些相对重量比较轻的或具有较大可燃表面面积的物料能导致火灾的快
速生成。室内设计师和建筑师们应该努力避免使用这类材料，特别是在那些没有用防火间隔同
公共区域隔离开来的地方。
Indications are that many fires originate in primary and auxiliary function rooms, storage areas and
special use spaces such as kitchens, woodworking shops, laundry areas, waste material handling areas,
shipping and receiving areas, etc. The design of such spaces shall anticipate the many changing needs of
a functioning IHG Hotel and shall consider the large amounts of burnable materials that can accumulate.
Special attention shall be given to adequate storage space so that public areas or corridors in the back of
the house will not become congested with burnable contents and obstruct means of egress.
有迹象表明部分火灾最初发生于一些主要的和辅助的多功能室，储存区域和特殊用途区域诸如
厨房，木工车间，洗衣房，废物处理区，装运和收货区域等。这些场所的设计应预先考虑到像
IHG 这样的酒店，将来可能有许多功能上的调整，另外，这些区域可能会堆积大量可燃物。应考
虑提供足够的储存空间，避免公共区或后勤区堆放可燃物并阻碍逃生设施。
Special design attention shall be given to spaces such as those mentioned above; they shall be separated
from other parts of the building with fire resistive wall, floor and ceiling barriers.
对于以上的区域设计时应特别注意；这些场所应该使用防火的墙、地板或天花等隔断措施同建
筑的其它部分隔开。
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Finally, the use of highly flammable and readily ignitable fuels (such as polyurethane foam or other
cellular or foamed plastics) for interior finish or furnishings is not permissible.
总而言之，对于装饰面材料和家具来说不允许使用高度可燃的和易于起火的燃料（诸如聚氨酯
泡沫或其它多孔的和泡沫的塑料）。
Materials containing Asbestos are no longer permitted for use as a fire protected material in any hotel.
在任何酒店中不再允许使用含有石棉的材料来作为防火材料。
Interior Finish 装饰面材料
The materials that appear on these surfaces and which must be controlled to limit initial fire growth
include, but are not limited to:
出现在这些装饰面上的材料必须被控制以限制初始火灾的生成，包括但不限于：
 Plastic Coverings 塑料覆盖物
 Panelling 镶板
 Carpeting 地毯
 Ceiling tiles 天花板瓦片
The following test is normally used by recognized testing laboratories to determine the flame spread
characteristics of finishes used on walls, floors, columns, and ceilings:
被认可的实验室一般使用下述试验来决定使用在墙壁，地板，柱子和天花板上的装饰面材料的
火焰散布特性：
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
美国测试和材料协会（ASTM）

E-84 "Steiner Tunnel Test"
E-84“Steiner Tunnel 试验“
Use of the ASTM E-84 test method results in "flame spread ratings" for materials. These ratings are
normally grouped as follows:
ASTME-84 试验方法的使用可以给各种材料定出”火焰散布级别“。这些级别一般分组如下：
Flame Spread Ratings 火焰散布级别
0-25
26-75
76-200
201-500
Over 500
超过 500
Example: American Oak has a flame spread rating of 100. Asbestos cement board (not allowed) has a
flame spread rating of 0.
例：美国橡木的火焰散布级别为 100。石棉水泥板（不允许用的）具有的火焰散布级别为 0。
7.2.5.2 Decorations 装饰
All materials used in all public areas and guestrooms, including but not limited to mattresses, box
springs, bedding, window treatments, wall décor, soft furnishing and floor coverings, must be inherently
flame retardant or treated to meet or exceed local code requirements for a “flame-resistant” rating, or be
tested according to Underwriters' Laboratories Incorporated (UL) 214, "Fire Tests for Flame Resistant
Textiles and Films".The testing certificate for record should be provided.
所有公共区域及客房内使用的全部材料，包括但不限于床垫、弹簧床垫、被褥、窗饰、墙饰、
室内装饰品及地毯，都必须具有内在的阻燃性或经过预先处理，以符合或超过当地法规对“阻燃”
级别的要求，或按照 Underwriters' Laboratories Incorporated 实验室(UL)214“耐火纺织品
和薄膜的防火试验”进行试验，并且需提供测试检查证明作存盘。
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Materials which are tested according to UL 214 do not receive specific ratings. UL 214 is a pass/fail
test, with the major criteria being:
经过 UL214 试验的材料并不接收特殊定级。UL214 是一种通过/失败试验，主要准则是：
 Duration of burning after withdrawal of test flame
在撤除试验火焰之后的燃烧时间长度
 Flaming of material dropping from test specimen
从试验试件中跌落的材料的燃烧
 Vertical spread of flame and smouldering combustion, as indicated by the length of char on the
material
火焰和闷烧式燃烧的垂直散布，由材料上烧焦部分的长度来指明
 Surface spread of flame in folded test specimen
在折叠试验的试件中火焰的表面散布
 Only materials that receive a "Pass" rating may be used in IHG Hotels.
只有那些收到“通过”定级的那些材料才可以在 IHG 酒店中使用。
MAXIMUM FLAME SPREAD RATINGS 最大火焰散布定级
OCCUPANCY 场所
MAXIMUM RATING 最大定级
ASSEMBLY 集结
200
Assembly Spaces 集结场所
75
Lobbies, Exit Corridors 大厅，安全出口走
25
Exit Stairs 安全出口楼梯
HOTEL 酒店
200
Guest Rooms, Enclosed Spaces 客房，封闭场所
75
Lobbies, Exit Corridors 大厅，安全出口走廊
25
Exit Stairs 安全出口楼梯
RETAIL 小卖部
200
Retail Spaces 零售场所
75
Lobbies, Exit Corridors 大厅，安全出口走廊
25
Exit Stairs 安全出口楼梯
BUSINESS (Mercantile)商业（经商）
200
Office Spaces 办公场所
75
Exit Corridors 安全出口走廊
25
Exit Stairs 安全出口楼梯
STORAGE 储存
200
Storage Spaces 储存场所
75
Exit Corridors 安全出口走廊
25
Exit Stairs 安全出口楼梯
Fully automatic sprinkler protection assumed.假设具有全自动的喷淋保护。
Adapted from 2003 ICC International Building Code and NFPA Standard 101
采用自 2003 ICC 国际建筑物法规和 NFPA 标准 101
In addition to promoting flame spread, materials under fire conditions give off quantities of smoke. The
ASTM E-84 test method can measure the smoke developed by the test sample being burned.
在火灾条件下的材料除了加速火焰的散布之外，还放出大量烟雾。ASTME-84 试验方法可以测量
正在燃烧的试件所放出的烟雾。
This test method is not highly refined with respect to its ability to truly measure smoke hazard. Interior
finish materials shall not be used in a hotel if those materials have a smoke development rating in excess
of 450.
这种试验方法对于其真实测量烟雾危险的能力来说并不是高度精确的。如果烟气散布级别超过
450，这种内部装饰材料就不应该在酒店中使用。
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7.2.5.3 Special Cases 特殊情况
Carpeting was originally designed for use as a floor covering material. This material can perform
reasonably well in the ASTM E-84 tunnel and still have poor performance characteristics in actual fires,
particularly when installed on walls or ceilings. IHG prohibits the use of carpeting on ceilings and for
decorative purposes on walls and does not allow its use for protecting walls from carts in front of the
house areas. The use of carpeting for carpet bases is not desirable. However, where it is absolutely
necessary to use a carpet base, it shall not exceed 10 cm.
地毡毛毯最初是设计来用作为地板的覆盖材料。这种材料在 ASTM E-84 试验中可以有理想的表
现，但在实际的火灾中的表现特性却很差，特别是安装在墙壁或天花板上时。IHG 禁止将地毡毛
毯使用在天花板上和仅仅为了装饰的目的放在在地板上，以及也不允许在客区域将地毡毛毯装
在墙上保护墙壁不受手推车的损坏。使用地毡毛毯作为地毯的基底是不合适的。然而，在绝对
需要使用地毯基底的场合，它不应该超过 10cm。
Rubberized hair and felt padding is the preferred type of carpet padding for IHG Hotels. The use of
synthetic rubber padding is discouraged. The use of foam padding is prohibited.
IHG 酒店优先考虑使用胶处理的毛毡垫作为地毯垫。不建议使用合成橡胶垫。禁止使用泡沫垫。
Wall covering material not exceeding 10mm thickness is not normally tested under the ASTM E-84 test
method. Such materials are tested under UL 214, the test method for curtains, fabrics and films. Where
such materials are used as wall coverings, the base material upon which they are applied shall meet the
flame spread requirements discussed above. or materials that are greater than 10mm thick, they shall
either be tested independently or as part of the base material to determine the flame spread rating.
厚度不超过 10mm 的墙壁覆盖材料不用 ASTM E-84 试验方法进行正常的试验。而是使用 UL 214即用于测试帘幕，织品和薄膜的方法来进行试验。在这类材料用作为墙壁的覆盖物时,它们施加
于其上的基底材料应该达到以上所讨论的火焰散布要求。对于厚度大于 10mm 的材料，它们或者
应被独立试验，或者应作为基底材料的一部分进行测试，从而来决定火焰散布的级别。
7.2.6
FIRE DURATION 火灾的持续时间
The overall duration and intensity of a fire that might be expected in a given facility is a direct function
of the total amount of fuel available to burn.
对已知的一种设施可预计的火灾的总持续时间和强度是可供给燃烧的燃料总数量的直接函数。
7.2.6.1 FUEL LOAD DISTRIBUTION 燃料负荷的分布
"Fire Load" is the maximum amount of combustible materials which would be expected in a given fire
area. The fire load consists of combustible structural elements such as walls, ceilings and floors, and the
combustible contents and furnishings found in the building. Fire load is measured kg/sq m.
“火灾负荷”就是在一个已知的火灾区域内可以预期的可燃材料的最大数量。火灾负荷由建筑
物内可找到的可燃的结构单元诸如墙壁，天花板和地板，以及可燃烧的内容和家具等组成。火
2
灾负荷是以 kg/m 来计量的。
7.2.6.2 TIME-TEMPERATURE CURVE 时间-温度曲线
The "standard fire" used by testing laboratories to evaluate the fire resistance of walls, floors, doors, etc.,
follows a predetermined time-temperature relationship known as the ASTM E-119 "Standard TimeTemperature Curve". The test specimen is subjected to a fire which initially increases in temperature at a
rapid rate as shown in the table overleaf. If, for example, a wall endures this standard fire for 1 hour, it is
given a 1 hour fire resistance rating.
由测试实验室用来评价墙壁，地板，门等的耐火能力的“标准火灾”遵从一种预先决定的时间温度关系，称之为 ASTM E-119“标准的时间-温度曲线”。试件经受的火灾一开始时温度以下页
表中所示的速率快速上升。例如，如果一座墙壁可以承受这种标准火灾 1 小时，那么其耐火级
别就为 1 小时。
Researchers have compared the Standard Time-Temperature Curve used in the laboratories with timetemperature relationships found in actual fires. From those studies, relationships have been derived
which compare the performance of a construction system in the laboratory with the expected
performance of that same system in the field under various "fire load" conditions. For example, it was
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found that the total combustion of a 50 kg/sq m fire load had about the same impact on a construction
system as a 1 hour standard fire in a laboratory. Using comparative information of this type,
relationships between fuel loading and equivalent standard fire duration have been approximated.
研究者们已经对实验室中所用的标准的时间-温度曲线同实际火灾中取得的时间-温度关系进行
了比较。从这些研究中，已经导出了各种关系可以对实验室中一种构造系统的性能同相同的在
2
现场的系统的预期性能在各种各样的火灾条件之下进行比较。例如，可以得出，50 kg/m 火灾
负荷的总燃烧具有大约相同于 1 小时的在实验室中的标准火灾冲击在构造系统上。使用这种类
型的比较资料，已经近似地得到了燃料负荷同当量标准火灾持续时间之间的关系。
STANDARD TIME/TEMPERATURE CURVE 标准的时间/温度曲线
Adapted from the NFPA Fire Protection Handbook
摘用自 NFPA 消防手册
APPROXIMATE FIRE LOAD VS. FIRE DURATION 近似的火灾负荷同火灾持续时间的关系
Typical Use Space
Fire Load 火灾负载
Equivalent 当量
典型的使用场所
kg/sq m 公斤/平方米
Fire Duration 火灾持续时间
24-49
Guestrooms 客房
1/2 - 1 hour 小时
24-49
Offices 办公室
1/2 - 1 hour 小时
49-73
Retail 小卖部
1-1/2 hours 小时
49-146
Storage 储存处
1 - 3 hours 小时
Adapted from Fire Protection Through Modern Building Codes and the NFPA Fire Protection
Handbook.
采用自现代建筑物消防法规及 NFPA 防火手册。
The table above illustrates that the complete combustion of combustible materials in typical hotel
guestrooms would have about the same impact on the surrounding walls, floors and doors as a standard
ASTM E-119 fire of one-half to one hour duration. Therefore, based on these estimates, a one-half to
one hour enclosure would be expected to endure the most severe fire anticipated in a hotel sleeping
room.
上表中说明的是当典型的酒店客房内可燃材料的完全燃烧影响到周围的墙壁，地板和门相当于
ASTM E-119 标准半小时到一小时的火灾持续时间。因此，根据这些估计，在酒店卧室的围墙应
该能承受半小时到一小时可能发生的最严重的火灾。
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While the relationships discussed in this section titled "Fire Duration" are not scientifically exact, they
are based upon research studies and are sometimes used as rule-of-thumb measures. This information is
principally presented to the reader for background information purposes.
在标题为“火灾持续时间”的这一节中所讨论的各种关系并不是非常科学的，它们的根据是一
些调查研究并且有时用作为只凭经验的措施。这些资料主要作为背景资料的目的提供给读者。
7.3
COMPARTMENTATION 防火间隔
It is vitally important to limit the spread of a fire in a hotel. The usual method is to use barriers.
Architects have the majority of the responsibility in this regard. Usually these barriers are physical and
include walls and floors. In some instances these barriers need to be penetrated for ductwork, plumbing
and electrical systems. For this reason mechanical and electrical engineers have a responsibility to
assure the integrity of these barriers is not compromised.
非常重要的是限制火灾在酒店内的散布，通常的方法是使用屏障。在这方面建筑师负有主要责
任。通常这些屏障是自然的并包括墙壁和地板在内。部分情况下需要将管道系统，输送管系统
和电气系统穿透这些屏障。为此机械和电气工程师有责任来保证这些屏障的完整性不被破坏。
All new hotels shall not be design, constructed or opened with openings in floors or walls that allow the
spread of fire and smoke.
所有新酒店不应该在地板或墙壁上设计，建造或开有允许火焰和烟雾逸出的开口。
7.3.1
RATING OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS 结构单元的防火定级
The ability of the structural frame to withstand the attack of fire can be measured using the standard
ASTM E-119 "Fire Test of Building Construction and Materials". This test evaluates the ability of a
structural element to endure the standard fire as expressed in hours of endurance time or "fire resistance
rating".
结构框架承受火灾打击的能力可以用 ASTM E-119“建筑结构和材料的防火试验”标准来衡量。
这个实验对结构单元承受标准火灾的能力所作的估计是以持续时间的小时数或“火灾抵抗级
别”来表示的。
The fire resistance rating required for various structural elements of a facility is directly related to the
type of construction to be used. For the purposes of these Standards, construction methods have been
divided into five types as follows:
对设施中多种结构单元所要求的耐火级别同将要使用的构造类型直接有关。为了这些标准的目
的，构造方法已经区分成以下五种类型：

TYPE 1 Construction is defined as Fire Resistive Construction. These buildings are constructed of
non-combustible materials such as steel and concrete and the buildings have relatively high fire
endurance qualities.
类型 I 结构被定义为耐火的建筑。这些楼宇由非可燃材料诸如钢和水泥构造成而且这些楼宇
具有比较高的火灾承受性质。

TYPE II Construction is defined as Non-Combustible Construction. These buildings also are
constructed entirely of non-combustible materials such as steel and concrete. Type II buildings do
not have as high a level of fire endurance as Type 1 buildings.
类型 II 结构被定义为非可燃的建筑。这些楼宇同样完全由非可燃材料诸如钢和水泥构造
成。类型 II 的建筑物并不具有像类型 I 楼宇那样高的火灾承受性质。

TYPE III Construction is defined as Exterior Masonry Wall Construction. These buildings have
exterior walls built entirely of non-combustible materials such as brick or concrete blocks. Interior
framing and decking are wholly or partly constructed of wood or metal.
类型 III 结构被定义为外部石墙的构造。这些楼宇具有完全由非可燃材料诸如砖和水泥块建
造成的外墙。内部框架和铺盖板则全部或部分地由木材或金属构造成。
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
TYPE IV Construction is defined as heavy timber construction. Following this list is a description
of the minimum sizes of wood structural members, floors, roofs and interior and exterior walls
necessary to qualify as Type IV Heavy Timber construction.
类型 IV 结构被定义为多木制的建筑。在这个表中定性为类型 IV 多木制构造，表述为小尺寸
的各种木结构件，地板，屋顶和内墙及外墙。

TYPE V Construction is defined as Wood Frame Construction. Wood frame buildings have both
their exterior walls and interior framing and decking constructed of wood.
类型 V 构造定义为木框架构造。木框架楼宇具有木材构造成的外墙和内部框架以及铺盖板。
(Section 602, ICC International Building Code 2003)（ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003，第 602 节）
7.3.2
TYPE IV CONSTRUCTION 类型 IV 构造
7.3.2.1 General 一般规定
Heavy timber constructions are those in which the fire resistance rating is attained by placing limitations
on the minimum sizes of wood structural members and on a minimum thickness and composition of
wood floors and roofs; by the avoidance, or by the proper protection by fire stopping or other acceptable
means, of concealed spaces under floors and roofs; by the use of approved fastenings, construction
details, and adhesives for structural members; and by providing the required degree of fire resistance
rating in exterior and interior walls.
多木制构造就是其耐火级别通过以下各种方式取得的那些构造：对木结构件的最小尺寸以及对
木制地板和屋顶的最小厚度和组成设置限制；对地板和屋顶之下的隐藏空间通过阻止火灾或通
过其它可接受手段进行特殊保护；对结构件使用经过批准的固定件，构造细则和粘结剂；以及
对外墙和内墙提供所要求的耐火级别。
7.3.2.2 Columns 柱子
Wood columns shall be sawn or glued laminated and shall not be less than 20cm nominal in any
dimension when supporting floor loads not less than 15cm nominal in width, and not less than 20 cm
nominal in depth when supporting roof and ceiling loads only. Columns shall be continuous or
superimposed and connected in an approved manner.
木柱应该是锯成的或胶合层压的并且在在名义宽度不小于 15cm 下支撑地板负荷时其任何名义尺
寸都不应该小于 20cm，并且在只支撑屋顶和天花板时其深度的名义尺寸不应小于 20cm。柱子应
该是连续的或以经过批准的方式叠层和连接。
7.3.2.3 Floor Framing 地板框架
Beams and girders of wood shall be constructed of sawn or glued-laminated timber and shall not be less
than 15cm nominal in width, and not less than 25.4cm nominal in depth. Framed sawn or gluedlaminated timber arches which spring from the floor line and support floor loads shall not be less than
20cm nominal in any dimension. Framed timber trusses supporting floor loads shall have members of
not less than 20cm nominal in any dimension.
木制梁和支架应该锯成的或胶合成层压的木制件并且其名义宽度不应小于 15cm 而其名义深度不
应该小于 25.4cm。从地板方面弹出并且支撑着地板的，锯成的或胶合层压成的木制框架拱梁其
任何名义尺寸都不应小于 20cm。支撑地板负载的木制框架构架应该具有任何名义尺寸都不小于
20cm 的各个构成件。
7.3.2.4 Roof Framing 屋顶框架
Framed or glued-laminated arches for roof construction which spring from the floor line or from grade
and do not support floor loads shall have members not less than 15cm nominal in width, not less than 20
cm nominal in depth for the lower half of the height, and not less than 15cm nominal in depth for the
upper half. Framed or glued-laminated arches for roof construction which spring from the top of walls or
wall abutments, framed timber trusses and other roof framing which does not support floor loads shall
have members not less than 10cm nominal in width and not less than 15.2cm nominal in depth. Spaced
members shall be composed of two or more pieces not less than 8cm nominal in thickness when blocked
solidly throughout their intervening spaces or when such spaces are tightly closed by a continuous wood
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cover plate of not less than 5cm nominal in thickness, secured to the underside of the members. Splice
plates shall not be less than 8cm nominal in thickness. Where equipped with an automatic sprinkler
system under the roof deck, framing members shall not be less than 8cm nominal in width.
锯成的或胶合层压成的，从地板方面或从坡度(grade)弹出但不支撑地板负载的用于屋顶构造的
拱架，其用于下半部分高度的各组成件的名义宽度不应小于 15 厘米，名义深度不应小于 20 厘
米，而用于上半部分的则名义深度不应小于 15 厘米。锯成的或胶合层压成的，从墙壁的顶部或
墙壁的墩部，或从木制框架构架以及其它屋顶框架弹出但不支撑地板负载的用于屋顶构造的拱
架，其各组成件的名义宽度不应小于 10 厘米，而名义深度不应小于 15.2 厘米。间隔件在稳固
地阻挡在其整个介入间隔时或这些间隔由一块固定于其下侧的名义厚度不小于 8 厘米的连续木
盖板紧密地封闭时，应该由名义厚度不小于 8 厘米的两件或更多件组成。结合板的名义厚度不
应该小于 8 厘米。当屋顶甲板之下配备有自动喷淋系统时，各种框架件的名义宽度都不应该小
于 8 厘米。
7.3.2.5 Flooring 地板铺设
Floors shall be without concealed spaces and shall be constructed of sawn, glued-laminated, tongue-andgroove planks not less than 8cm nominal in thickness and covered with a 25mm nominal dimension
tongue-and-groove flooring, laid crosswise or diagonally, or 12mm plywood or 12mm particleboard; or
of planks not less than 10cm nominal in width that are set on edge close together and well spiked, and
covered with 25mm nominal dimension flooring, or 12mm plywood, or 12mm particleboard. The
lumber shall be laid so that no continuous line of joints will occur except at points of support. Floors
shall not extend closer than 13mm to walls.
地板应该没有隐藏的空间而且应该由名义厚度不小于 8 厘米的锯成的，胶合层压的企口板构
成，并且应该由横向或对角线铺设的名义尺寸为 25 厘米的企口地板，或 12 毫米的胶合板或 12
毫米的微粒板（particleboard）覆盖；或者由名义宽度不小于 10 厘米的，边缘紧靠安置的及
用钉子钉好的厚木板构成并且用名义尺寸为 25 毫米的地板，或 12 毫米的胶合板或 12 毫米的微
粒板覆盖。木板的铺设应该使得除了支撑点之外不会发生连续的接点线。地板不应该延伸到墙
壁近于 13 毫米。
13mm spaces shall be covered by a moulding fastened to the wall either above or below the floor and
arranged such that the moulding will not obstruct the swelling or shrinkage movements of the floor, or,
as an alternative, corbelling of masonry walls under floor shall be used in place of moulding.
13 毫米的空间应该由固定到墙壁的模板覆盖在底部之上或之下并且应该布置得使模板不会阻碍
地板的膨胀或收缩运动，或者，作为一种变通方案，应该使用在地板之下的石头墙壁支柱来替
代模板。
7.3.2.6 Roofs 屋顶
Roofs shall be without concealed spaces and roof decks shall be constructed of: sawn, glued-laminated,
tongue-and-groove planks not less than 5cm nominal in thickness; 3cm thick interior plywood (exterior
glue); or of planks not less than 8cm nominal in width that are set on edge close together and laid as
required for floors. Other types of decking shall only be used if such decking provides equivalent fire
resistance ratings and structural properties.
屋顶应该没有隐藏的空间而且屋顶盖板应该由名义厚度不小于 5 厘米的锯成的，胶合层压的企
口板；3 厘米厚的内胶合板（外胶）构成；或者由名义宽度不小于 8 厘米的，边缘紧靠安置的和
按照对地板的要求铺设的厚木板构成。其它类型的盖板只应该在它们能提供等同的耐火级别和
结构性能时才能使用。
7.3.2.7 Walls 墙壁
Walls shall be of solid wood construction formed by not less than two layers of 25.4mm matched
boards, laminated construction 10 cm in thickness or of 1-hour fire resistance rated construction.
墙壁应该是由不少于两层的 25.4 毫米匹配板，10 厘米厚的层压结构或 1 小时耐火级别构造所形
成的紧密木制构造。
7.3.2.8 Exterior Structural Members 外部结构件
Wood columns and arches conforming to heavy timber sizes shall only be used externally where a fire
separation distance of 6096 mm or more is provided.
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只有当防火隔离距离为 6096 毫米或更大时才应该使用符合于重型木制尺寸的木柱或拱架。
The types of construction are further broken down into subcategories, labelled A or B, depending on the
fire resistance ratings of the various structural elements. For example, a Type IIA building would have 2
hour exterior bearing walls and similar fire resistance ratings for other construction elements. A Type
IIB building would have 1 hour exterior bearing walls and other construction elements would have fire
resistance ratings less than those common to Type IIA buildings. For more details on these ratings
please refer to ASTM E-119 "Fire Test of Building Construction and Materials" and Section 602 ICC
International Building Code 2003 which will need to be complied with to meet IHG standards.
构造的各种类型可以进一步地细分为标记成 A 或 B 的子类别，取决于各种结构件的耐火级别。
例如，类型 IIA 的楼宇将具有 2 小时耐火级别的外部承重墙以及类似耐火级别的其它构造单
元。类型 IIB 的楼宇将具有 1 小时耐火级别的外部承重墙而其它构造单元则具有低于类型 IIA
楼宇的耐火级别。对于这些级别的更详细的内容，请参阅 ASTM E-119“建筑物构造和材料的防
火试验”和 ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003 第 602 节，这些内容需要照做以达到 IHG 标准。
7.3.3
BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS 楼宇高度和面积
The height and floor area of a hotel, along with the different occupancies located on each floor, are
important in determining the level of fire protective construction required.
一家酒店的高度和楼层面积以及每一楼层上所具有的不同占有率，在决定所要求的防火构造的
水平中是很重要的。
7.3.3.1 Height of Building 楼宇的高度
The height of a hotel determines to a large extent the type of construction used and the degree of
protection required.
酒店的高度在很大程度上决定着所使用的构造类型和所要求的保护程度。
After determining the elevation above grade for the proposed facility, the architect needs to refer to the
Table 503, ICC International Building Code 2003 to determine the construction types available for a
structure of the proposed height. Categories that will need to be adhered to
在决定出所提议的设施等级上的高度之后，建筑师需要参考 ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003 中的表
503 来决定所提议的结构高度所使用的构造类型。应该附上分类表。
Only Type 1A and 1B Construction can be used for buildings taller than 10 stories.
只有类型 IA 和 IB 构造可以用于高于 10 层楼的楼宇。
7.3.3.2 Clarification 声明
Although the Standards allow for up to a five-story hotel to be built using timber framing for interior
columns, beams and floors - and this may be appropriate for a few locations -specific written
recommendations of the architect and engineer and fire protection consultant are to be provided to the
SVP Design and Engineering – Asia Pacific for approval.
虽然这些标准可以允许对内部柱子，梁和地板使用木制框架来建造一家五层楼的酒店 - 而这种
情况可能适合少数地点 - 但是要提供建筑师和工程师以及防火顾问的专门书面建议给 SVP 设计
与工程部-亚洲太平洋区来取得批准。
7.3.3.3 Classification of Buildings 楼宇的分类
The following building classification types are to be found in hotels:
下列楼宇分类类型可以在各种酒店中找到：
1.
2.
3.
Assembly (nightclubs, meeting rooms, ballrooms, restaurants and the like)
集合场所（夜总会，会议室，舞厅，餐厅及类似场合）
Business (Offices)
商务（办公室）
Factories and Industrial (dry-cleaning, food processing, workshops, etc)
工厂和企业(干洗，食品加工，车间等)
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4.
5.
Mercantile (retail etc)
经商（小卖部等）
Residential Group R (Hotels)
居住组 R（旅馆）
(Refer to section 302 ICC International Building Code 2003)
（参阅 ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003 第 302 节）
7.3.4
BARRIERS TO FIRE SPREAD 火灾散布的屏障
7.3.4.1 Floors 地板
Due to fire's tendency to spread upwards, the floor/ceiling construction is often the first major barrier to
be attacked. The longer this system withstands the impact of fire, the longer occupants have to safely
evacuate and the greater the possibility that the fire will be controlled and/or extinguished before other
areas of the facility are threatened. The minimum fire resistance ratings for floor/ceiling assemblies are
determined by the type of construction – see previous section.
由于火灾的趋势是向上散布的，楼板/天花板构造经常是第一个受到冲击的主要屏障。这个系统
能经受火灾冲击的时间愈长，居住者能安全疏散的时间就愈长并且在设施的其它区域受到火灾
威胁之前火灾得到控制和/或熄灭的可能性也就愈大。楼板/天花板组合的最小耐火级别由构造
的类型决定，参见上节所述。
Penetrations formed by conduits, piping and duct work which must pass through floor systems create
weakness in these barriers. For this reason, conduits, piping and duct work must generally be enclosed
in fire resistive shafts, as discussed later in this section. Penetration for conduits, piping and duct work
passing through the shaft walls must be grouted or sealed with a non-combustible material for the full
thickness and equal to the fire rating of the barrier to ensure the fire integrity of the shaft wall. Further,
where heating, ventilating and air conditioning ducts enter the shaft walls, automatic fire dampers must
be installed.
各类管道如电线管、水管以及风管穿过地板系统时，在穿越处形成了防火薄弱点。因此，包裹
这些管道的管井壁应具有防火功能，这将在本节的下文中讨论。各类管道及管道系统穿过管井
楼板时，必须用具有相同厚度和同管井壁相同耐火级别的不燃材料加以填塞或密封，从而能保
证管井壁防火的完整性。此外，在采暖，通风和空调风管进入管井时，风管必须安装自动防火
阀。
Where the duct work passes through a 2 hour shaft wall, a 1-1/2 hour fire damper shall be used. Fire
dampers shall be automatically activated by fusible links or other heat sensors. Dual purpose dampers
acting as fire dampers and "smoke dampers" as part of the smoke control system they must be activated
by other means.
在风管道系统穿过一个 2 小时耐火级别井筒壁的场合，应该使用 1-1/2 小时耐火级别的防火
阀。防火阀应该通过保险丝或其它热传感器自动作动。防火防烟双作用防火阀作为烟雾控制系
统一部分必须由其它的手段来动作。
Provisions must be made for making these dampers easily accessible for maintenance, repair, and
resetting purposes. See FPMM program for maintenance requirements for dampers in IHG hotels.
必须注意，这些防火阀安装位置应能够很容易进行维护，修理和重新设定。请参见 IHG 酒店中
防火阀维护要求的 FPMM 规程。
7.3.4.2 Fire Walls, Doors and Dampers 防火墙、门和防火阀
A firewall is a highly reliable barrier to fire spread; it shall have sufficient structural stability under fire
conditions to allow collapse of construction on either side without collapse of the wall. It must be
constructed of non-combustible materials such as concrete or brick and provide the required strength
and fire resistance. Firewalls are commonly found in the following applications:
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防火墙对火灾的散布是一种高度可靠的屏障，在火灾条件下它应该具有足够的结构稳定性从而
允许在防火墙不倒塌的情况下构造可以在任何一侧倒塌。它必须由非可燃材料诸如混凝土或砖
块构成并能提供所需的强度和防火性能。防火墙通常可以在下列用途中找到：



Horizontal exit barriers 水平安全出口屏障
Separation between occupancies 居住区域之间的分隔
Subdividing floors of excessive area 额外区域的细分楼层
Door openings through firewalls must be protected with automatic or self-closing fire doors. Where duct
work passes through a firewall, duct openings must be protected with automatic or self-closing fire
dampers. Three hour and four hour firewalls shall be protected with fire doors and fire dampers having
at least a three hour fire rating. Two hour firewalls shall be protected with fire doors and fire dampers
having at least a 1-1/2 hour rating. All means employed to restrict fire spread such as doors, dampers
and fire/flame stopping materials shall be approved or listed for that purpose by a recognized agency
(e.g., Underwriters Laboratories, Factory Mutual, etc.).
通过防火墙的门上的开口必须用自动的或自动关闭的防火门来加以保护。在管道系统穿过防火
墙的场合，管子通过的开口必须用自动的或自动关闭的防火阀来加以保护。三小时和四小时耐
火级别的防火墙应该用具有至少三小时防火级别的防火门和防火阀来加以保护。两小时的防火
墙应该用具有至少 1-1/2 小时耐火级别的防火门和防火阀来加以保护。所有用来限制火灾散布
的手段诸如门，防火阀和使火/火焰停止的材料都应该取得一家认可的代表机构（如，
Underwriters Laboratories, Factory Mutual,等）作出核准或列入清单。
7.3.4.3 Fire Partitions, Doors and Damper s 防火隔墙、门和防火阀
A fire partition is any wall, which has a fire rating of 2 hours or less and is not a "fire wall." These walls
are used to separate different use spaces within the same occupancy.
防火隔断是一座的具有 2 小时或低于 2 小时防火级别的任何一种墙壁，但不是“防火墙”。这
些墙壁用来在相同的居住区之内将各种不同的使用场合分隔开来。
Fire partitions shall be continuous from the top of floor surface below to the underside of the floor or
roof slab or deck above and shall be attached thereto. They shall be continuous through all concealed
spaces.
防火隔断应该从楼板表面开始一直连续到上面楼层板或屋顶板层或盖板的下侧并且应该附贴在
它们上面。它们应该是连续地通过所有隐藏的场所。
Any penetrations of these partitions for conduits, piping, and ductwork must be sealed with a noncombustible material for the full thickness and equal to the fire rating of the barrier penetrated.
管道和管道系统通过这些隔墙的穿透处必须使用具有相同于所穿透屏障的防火级别的和完全厚
度的非可燃材料加以封堵。
All horizontal & vertical electrical riser and (inside) trunk penetrations must be properly sealed &
compartmented.
所有横向及竖向电气竖管及线槽(含线槽内)穿透处必须进行适当的密封和隔离。
All gaps, openings & penetrations at guestrooms, service shafts, corridors, service areas, stairwells etc
must be fully sealed and compartmented.
客房、管井、走廊、服务区及楼梯间等的所有缝隙、开口及穿透处必须完全密封及隔离。
All gaps, openings & penetrations in kitchens, plant rooms, banquet areas, health facilities and other
front & back of house areas must be fully sealed and compartmented .
厨房、工作间、宴会区、健身场所和其它前台及后台区域的所有缝隙、开口和穿透处必须完全
密封形成隔离.
Ductwork must be fitted with a damper if the wall that is being penetrated has a fire rating of 2 hours or
more. If the rating of the wall is less than 2 hours, no fire dampers are required; however, the duct must
be tightly grouted or sealed to the full thickness of the wall.
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
如果所穿透的墙壁具有 2 小时或更大的防火级别则管道系统必须配备防火阀。如果该墙壁的防
火级别小于 2 小时，则无需防火阀，但是管道必须紧密地填塞或密封在整个厚度的墙壁上。
Fire dampers are not required when ducts are constructed of steel and are part of an engineered smoke
control system. The fire protection engineer shall review the need for and location and rating of fire
dampers throughout the hotel.
在管子是由钢构成的并且是防排烟控制系统的一部分时就无需防火阀。消防工程师应该对整个
酒店中的防火阀的地点和级别的需要程度做出评议。
As is the case with firewalls, the door openings in the fire partitions are also to be protected with fire
rated doors. Two hour partitions are to be protected with 1-1/2 hour automatic or self-closing fire rated
doors; 1 hour partitions are to be protected with automatic or self-closing 1/2 or 3/4 hour fire rated
doors.
正如同防火墙的情况一样，防火隔墙上的门的开口同样要用具有防火级别的门来加以保护。两
小时的隔墙应该用具有 1-1/2 小时防火级别的自动的或自动关闭的门来加以保护。1 小时的隔墙
应该用具有 1/2 或 3/4 小时防火级别的自动的或自动关闭的门来加以保护。
The structure of between public areas & guestrooms/guest corridors, BOH areas & guestrooms/guest
corridors, guestrooms and adjoining rooms, kitchen, computer room and server room must have a fire
resistance of no less than 60 minutes.
在公共区域和客房/客房走廊之间、后台区域和客房/客房走廊之间、客房和相邻的房间之间、
厨房、计算机及服务器房的结构均应具有不少于 60 分钟的耐火等级。
fire door between egress and stairwell must be Class A 1.5 or Class B 1.0 hour.
fire door between corridor and egress must be no less than Class B 1.0 hour.
（in case of no egress, fire door between corridor and stairwell must be Class A 1.5 hour) ,
消防前室与疏散楼梯之间的防火门应为甲级 1.5 小时或乙级 1.0 小时
走廊与消防前室之间的防火门不应小于乙级 1.0 小时，
（如果没有前室，则走廊与楼梯间之间的防火门为甲级 1.5 小时）
Door of kitchen, fan room,AHU/PAU room,fire equipment room and Genset room must be Class A 1.5
hour
厨房，通风，消防设备和发电机房的门应为甲级 1.5 小时。
For building lower than 24 meters, door for kitchen, fan room,AHU/PAU room and fire equipment room
must be Class B 1.0 hour,for Genset room, it must be Class A 1.5 hour .
对于高度不超过 24 米建筑的厨房，通风，消防设备门应为乙级 1.0 小时，发电机房应为甲级 1.5
小时。
Specific fire door ratings must be as follows:
Class A 1.5 hour for electrical risers;
Class B 1.0 hour for air duct shafts;
Class C 0.5 hour for shafts containing water pipes only.
具体区域防火门的防火等级如下：
所有强弱电管井应为甲级 1.5 小时,
带有风管的管井应为乙级 1.0 小时 ,
只有水管的管井应为丙级 0.5 小时 ,
For 1 hour rated guest room corridors, guest room doors shall be solid 44mm thick and have a 20 minute
fire rating and certified in writing or stamped on the doors side. Other required fire rated doors in 1 hour
walls shall be 3/4 hour fire rated.
对于 1 小时防火级别的客房走廊来说，客房主门应该是实心的 44mm 厚和具有 20 分钟防火级别
并且要有书面证明或标记在门的侧面。其它在 1 小时的墙壁上所要求的防火级别门应该是 3/4
小时防火级别的。
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7.3.4.4 Corridor Walls, Doors and Dampers 走廊墙壁、门和防火阀
Corridor walls are to be used to separate use spaces from the path of travel to the use spaces. These
walls are also a portion of the means of egress system. Where fire doors are frequently held open by
guests and/or employees, electromagnetic door hold open devices shall be installed that will release the
doors for closing, when a detector (smoke, heat or water flow) or alarm station has been activated.
走廊墙壁是用来将使用空间从通向这些空间的通路中分离开来。这些墙壁也是疏散系统的一部
分。在有些防火门被客人和/或员工频繁地予以打开的场合，应该安装门磁，将门保持为常开状
态。当一个探测器（烟感、温感或水流指示器）报警或站报警时，防火门应与其联动并关闭。
Fire dampers are not normally required where metal ducts pass through one hour walls – such as fresh
air ducts entering guestrooms from corridors.
在金属管穿过一小时耐火级别墙壁之处-诸如新风管道从走廊进入客房之处一般不需要防火阀。
7.3.4.5 Exit Stairwell Enclosures 安全出口楼梯间围墙
Exit stairwells requiring a 2 hour fire rated enclosure shall have doorways protected with self-closing
fire door assemblies having a minimum of 1-1/2 hour rating. Exit stairwells required to have a 1 hour
enclosure shall have doorways protected with a self-closing fire door assembly having a rating of at least
1 hour.
2 小时防火级别的安全出口楼梯间应该具有由自身关闭式防火门组件所保护的一些门口，而这些
组件则具有最小为 1-1/2 小时防火级别。1 小时防火级别的安全出口楼梯间应该具有由自身关闭
式防火门组件所保护的一些门口，而这个组件则具有最小为 1 小时的防火级别。
Exit stairwells are required to be protected by a 2 hour non-combustible fire rated enclosure if servicing
more than three stories.
安全出口楼梯间如果其服务楼层大于三层就需要由 2 小时防火级别的非可燃围墙来加以保护。
If the exit stairwell services three stories or less, the fire rating of the enclosure can be a minimum of 1
hour (non-combustible).
安全出口楼梯间如果其服务的楼层等于三层或更少的话就需要由最少 1 小时防火级别的围墙
（非可燃）来加以保护。
Unenclosed exit stairwells communicating between only two floors may be provided within specific
guest suites.
只是在两个楼层之间沟通的不封闭的楼梯间可以在特殊的客房套房之内提供。
Because exit stairwells are the main path of exiting from upper stories of the facility, the enclosure of
the exit stairwells must not be violated. The only penetrations permitted through the enclosure are for
exit doorways piping for fire suppression purposes, conduit for electrical equipment, ductwork for
ventilation and openings for stairwell pressurization. No other penetrations of the stairwell enclosure are
to be permitted.
由于安全出口楼梯间是从上面各楼层出去的主要通路，所以安全出口楼梯间的围墙必须不被破
坏。只能允许以抑制火灾为目的的管道，电气设备管子，通风管道以及楼梯间增压开口等穿透
通过围墙。其它穿透楼梯间围墙的一律不允许。
No exit stairwell is to be used for storage of any materials. In addition, the construction of storage rooms
in the exit stairwell enclosure, whether they be underneath the stairwell, adjacent to the landings, or in
any other portion of the exit stairwell enclosure is prohibited.
安全出口楼梯间不能用来储存任何材料。除此之外，将储藏室建造在安全出口楼梯间围墙内，
无论是在楼梯间之下，楼梯平台邻近，或是在安全出口楼梯间围墙的任何其它部分一律禁止。
7.3.4.6 Elevator Enclosures 电梯围墙
Elevator shaft walls shall be of 2 hour fire resistive construction. In no case are more than four elevators
allowed per shaft.
电梯井筒的墙壁应该是 2 小时抗火灾构造。在任何情况下每个井筒内的电梯不能多于四座。
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As is the case with other shafts, all conduits, piping and ductwork that penetrate the elevator shafts are
to be grouted or sealed to the full thickness of the wall and fitted with fire dampers.
如同其它井筒的情况一样，穿透电梯井筒的一切导管，管道系统和输送管道都应该在墙壁的整
个厚度上进行填塞或密封并且配备有防火装置。
7.3.4.7 Other Shafts 其它井筒
Exit stairwells and elevator shafts are not the only shafts in the facility requiring enclosure protection.
Other shafts, which are common to hotels, include:
安全出口楼梯间和电梯井筒并非是设施中要求围墙保护的唯一井筒。酒店中普遍的其它井筒，
包括：






Ventilation shafts 通风井筒
Electrical wiring shafts 电气接线井筒
Mechanical equipment shafts 机械设备井筒
Linen chutes 布草井筒
Dumbwaiters 送饭菜的小升降机
Chimneys 烟囱
The abovementioned shafts and other similar shafts are to be protected by enclosures having fire
resistance ratings of at least 2 hours, with all penetrating openings protected.
以上所述的井筒和其它类似的井筒都要由具有至少 2 小时防火级别的围墙加以保护，所有的穿
透开口都要受到保护。
7.3.4.8 Escalators 自动扶梯
If an escalator is to be considered as part of the exit system, it must be enclosed with barriers meeting
the fire resistance requirements applicable to exit stairwells. All openings into the escalator shaft are to
be protected similar to openings for exit stairwells.
如果自动扶梯要被考虑作为安全出口系统的一部分，它必须用可以达到适用于安全出口楼梯间
的防火要求的屏障加以围住。进入自动扶梯井筒的全部开口都要受到类似于安全出口楼梯间开
口的保护。
Any escalator which is not enclosed as required for exit stairwells shall have its floor opening protected
to limit the possible spread of fire vertically. The escalator opening may also be protected by one of the
methods described in the National Fire Protection Association's Standard Number 101 -"Life Safety
Code" or NFPA Standard Number 13 "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems".
任何自动扶梯没有按照安全出口楼梯间的要求那样围住的，应该将其地面开口加以保护以限制
可能发生的火灾垂直散布。自动扶梯的开口也可以由国家防火协会的第 101 号标准-“生命安全
法规”或 NFPA 的第 101 号标准-“喷淋系统的安装标准”中所述的方法之一来加以保护。
The following two methods are recommended for IHG Hotels:
推荐下列两种方法来用于 IHG 的各酒店：
a) Spray Nozzle Method 喷淋法
When moving stairwells or escalators are unenclosed, the floor openings involved shall be protected
by closely spaced sprinklers.
当运动的楼梯间或自动扶梯没围起来时，所涉及的地面开口应该受到紧凑布置的喷淋保护。
Sprinklers shall be spaced not more than 1.8 m apart and placed 15.2 to 30.5 cm from the opening
to form a water curtain. Sprinklers in this water curtain shall be hydraulically designed to provide a
discharge of 38 L/min per lineal meter of water curtain, with no sprinklers discharging less than
56.8 L/min. The number of sprinklers calculated in this water curtain shall be the number in the
length corresponding to the length parallel to the branch lines in the design area. The water supply
for these sprinklers shall be added to the water supply required for the area of operation in
hydraulically designed systems. Supplies shall be balanced to the higher pressure demand. When
sprinklers are closer than 1.8 m, cross baffles shall be provided. When sprinklers in the normal
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
pattern are closer than 1.8 m from the water curtain, it may be preferable to locate the water curtain
sprinklers in recessed baffle pockets.
喷淋的布置间距应该不大于 1.8 米和离开开口处 15.2 厘米至 30.5 厘米放置从而形成一座水
帘。这座水帘中的喷淋应该在水力上设计成能在每直线米水帘上提供 38L/分的放水量，喷
淋的放水量不小于 56.8L/分。在这座水帘中计算的喷淋的数目应该同设计区域中与各支线
平行的相应长度相符合。对这些喷淋的供水在水力系统中应该增加在操作区域所需的供水。
供水应该具有较高的压力需求。当各喷淋的距离近于 1.8 米时，应该配备横向挡板。当一般
形式的喷淋距离水帘近于 1.8 米时，最好将水帘定位在凹入的挡板槽中。
b) Alternative Enclosure Method 替代的围墙方法
Escalator or moving walk openings may be protected by an alternate enclosure (kiosk) designed to
provide an effective barrier to the spread of smoke from floor to floor.
自动扶梯或运动的走道开口可以受到一种替代的围墙（亭子）的保护，后者设计成可以对烟
雾从楼层到楼层的散布提供有效的屏障。
Alternative enclosures shall be of construction providing fire resistance equivalent to that specified
for stairwell enclosures in the same building with openings protected by approved self- or
automatic-closing fire doors, or of approved wired glass and metal frame construction with wired
glass panel doors.
变通的围墙应该是一种构造可以提供等同于对同样楼宇中楼梯间围墙所规定的防火能力，其
开口受到核准的自身-或自动关闭防火门的保护，或是受到何种的嵌丝玻璃和带有嵌丝玻璃
屏板门的金属框架构造的保护。
Such doors may be equipped with an electric opening mechanism to open the door automatically
upon the approach of a person. The mechanism shall be such as to return the door to its closed
position upon any interruption of electric current supply, and the adjustment shall be such that the
pressure of smoke will not cause opening of the door.
这类门可以配备有电动开门机构，可以在有人趋近时自动将门打开。这种机构应该能在任何
电流供应中断时将门回复至其关闭位置，并且应该调整成这样的状态即烟雾的压力不会造成
门的开启。
7.3.4.9 Atrium 中庭
An atrium is a large vertical opening that spans two or more floors. As a general rule, an atrium has a
relatively large plan area. The atrium opening shall have a minimum horizontal dimension of 6.1 m and
a minimum area of 95 sq m. A monumental stair may or may not be considered as an atrium space.
中庭是一个跨越两个或更多个楼层的大型垂直开口。通常来讲，中庭具有比较大的面积。中庭
最小水平直径为 6.1m,最小的面积为 95 平方米。非常壮观的楼梯可以考虑也可以不考虑作为中
庭的空间。
Floor openings that do not meet the dimensional requirements for atria shall be limited to two floors
(total, three stories) and shall be protected by the spray nozzle method.
达不到中庭尺寸要求的楼层开口应该只限制到两个楼层(总计，三层)并且应该使用喷淋方法来
保护。
In order for an atrium to be permitted in a hotel, the following must be achieved:
为了允许在酒店中有中庭，必须达到以下各点：
 Atria are permitted in buildings of Type 1A, 1B or IIA construction only
中庭只允许在构造类型 IA，IB 或 IIA 的楼宇中具有。

The use of combustible furnishings and decorations on the floor of the atrium shall be limited and
sparsely distributed.
应该限制在中庭地面上使用可燃家具和装饰，并最好让它们稀疏分布。
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
Smoke detectors must be provided on the underside of each floor protruding into the atrium, at the
atrium roof and adjacent to each return air intake from the atrium. (Beam type smoke detectors may
be used in lieu of spot detectors at top of atrium.)
烟感器必须布置在突入中庭的每一楼层的底侧，中庭屋顶以及在每一个中庭的回风口附近
处。（红外烟感器可以代替点式检测器使用在中庭的顶部。）

The atrium shall be separated from adjacent spaces by at least 1 hour non-combustible fire resistive
walls with automatic or self-closing opening protection.
中庭应该用至少 1 小时耐火级别防火卷帘同邻近的空间隔离开来，防火卷帘带有自动关闭功
能。

Glass walls may be used in lieu of the fire barriers where quick response automatic sprinklers are
spaced 182cm apart or less along both sides of the glass wall, not more than 30.48 cm from the
glass and with the automatic sprinklers located so that the entire surface of the glass is wet upon
operation of the sprinklers. The glass shall be wired, laminated or tempered glass in a steel frame
held in place by a gasket system which permits the glass framing system to deflect without loading
the glass before the sprinklers operate. Automatic sprinklers are not required on the atrium side of
the glass wall when there is no walkway or other floor area on the atrium side above the main floor
level.
玻璃墙可以代替防火隔断使用，这时快速响应的各个自动喷淋要间距 182 厘米或更近沿着玻
璃墙的两侧布置，离开玻璃的距离不大于 30.48 厘米，而自动喷淋的位置要能使玻璃的整个
表面都能由于喷淋的作用变湿。玻璃应该是在钢制框架中的嵌线的，叠层的或经过处理的玻
璃，而钢制框架则由衬垫系统保持就位，在喷淋操作之前它允许玻璃框架系统变形而不对玻
璃挤压。如果在中庭首层平面以上玻璃墙的一侧没有走道或楼层区域的话，玻璃墙的一侧就
无需自动喷淋。

Atria with a volume less than 17,000 cu m are to have a smoke exhaust at the ceiling capable of
exhausting 1,134 cu m/min or six air changes per hour, whichever is greater. If the volume is
greater than 17,000 cu m, it shall be capable of exhausting four air changes per hour.
体积小于 17,000 立方米的中庭排烟量应为 1.134 立方米/分或每小时六次换气的量，取其中
较大者。如果体积大于 17,000 立方米，排烟量应为每小时 4 次换气量。

Gravity supply inlets shall be provided at the lowest level of the atrium and shall be sized for 50
percent of the exhaust for atria 16.8 m or less in height. Atria in excess of 16.8 m in height shall
have supply air mechanically introduced near the bottom of the atrium and directed upward toward
the top of the atrium at a rate equal to 50 percent of the exhaust.
对于高度为 16.8 米或更低的中庭，排烟补风口应设在中庭的低位，其大小为排烟量的百分
之五十。对于高度超过 16.8 米的中庭，排烟补风口应设在中庭的底部，并需要通过机械通
风形式被引向中庭顶部，风量为排烟量的百分之五十。

An engineered smoke exhaust system designed in accordance with the provisions of NFPA 92B is
an acceptable alternative to the above requirements for smoke exhaust.
对于上述排烟系统要求来说，根据 NFBA92B 标准设计的排烟系统是一种可接受的变通方案。

The atrium smoke exhaust system is to be activated by the automatic sprinkler system, atrium
smoke detectors, and/or by manual controls provided for use by the fire department.
中庭排烟系统是通过自动喷淋系统，中庭烟感器，和/或消防部门提供使用的手动控制装置
来动作的。

Any three levels of the facility may be open to the atrium, with this volume being figured into the
volume to be used for smoke exhaust capabilities.
设施的任何三个层次都可以打开到中庭，其体积规划在烟雾排放系统所要使用的体积之内。

Exits must be separately enclosed from the atrium.
安全出口必须同中庭封闭分开。
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS

In multi-story lobby, smoke barrier consisting of a minimum 20-minute fire resisting door and
frame assembly or an approved smoke control system must be provided to separate guest room
corridors from the lobby.
在多层大堂时，应设有最少 20 分钟耐火门及门框架组成的挡烟板或认可的排烟系统，将客
房走廊与大堂分隔开来.

Fire alarm and detection system with smoke control system must be provided in atrium.
在中庭处应设有火灾报警和探测系统及排烟系统。

The above requirements also apply to existing hotels.
以上要求同样适用于现有的酒店。
7.3.4.10 Attic 阁楼
An attic is a space above a building’s main facade and directly under and within a sloping roof.
阁楼位于建筑物主立面上方且位于建筑坡屋顶下面。
In buildings of four floors or fewer, the attic areas must either be provided with automatic sprinkler
protection or be subdivided by draft stops (fire breaks) into areas not to exceed 300m2. Each subdivided
area must be equipped with smoke detectors that are connected to the fire alarm control panel.
对于四层或以下的建筑，阁楼必须设自动喷淋保护或由防火板（防火隔断）隔成不超过 300 平方
米的隔间。每个隔间必须配备烟感并与火灾报警控制盘连锁。
In buildings of more than four floors, the attic areas must be provided with automatic sprinkler
protection.
四层以上建筑物的顶楼区域必须配备自动喷淋保护。
7.3.4.11 Separation of Use Spaces 使用空间的隔离
In a hotel, there are often several types of occupancy uses found see previous section.
在酒店中通常可以发现几种类型的居住用途，参见上一节。
In reality, it is not always necessary to physically separate all the different use spaces with fire resistive
walls and floors. For example, it is not uncommon for small retail spaces to communicate directly with
the hotel lobby, without fire barriers. In the case of atria, up to three levels of mixed use space
commonly communicate directly with each other.
在现实中并不总是需要将所有不同的使用空间用耐火墙和耐火地板隔离开来。例如，对于直接
同酒店大厅相沟通的小型零售店来说不用防火屏障也是普通的情况。对于中庭，小于三层的混
合使用空间一般互相联通。
The intention of these standards is that major building use categories be separated from each other. For
example, the guest room portion of the building (residential) shall be separated from other use spaces by
fire resistive walls and floors. Back-of-the-house storage and service areas shall be separated; and the
assembly/function room area shall generally be separated by fire barriers.
这些标准的目的是使建筑的各主要使用空间互相隔离。例如，酒店的客房部分（居住区域）应
该用防火墙和地板同其它使用空间隔离。后勤区的储藏室和服务区域应该加以隔离；人员聚集
场所/多功能厅等区域也应该通过防火隔断和其他区域隔离。
Whenever two occupancies with different fire ratings are to be separated, the highest fire rating is to be
used for the barrier. The following table outlines the fire resistance values for walls and floors between
different use groups.
一旦两个不同防火等级的功能区域需要隔离时，则应采用较高耐火等级的防火隔断。下表中概
括地列出了不同用途组别之间墙壁和地板的耐火级别数值。
7.3.4.12 Separation of Use Groups 使用组别的隔离
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Use Groups
使用组别
Fire Rating of
Separation in Hours*
防火级别以小时计*
Assembly, nightclubs, exhibition halls, ballrooms, function rooms,
lecture halls, dual purpose spaces, meeting rooms, workshops
2
集结室，夜总会，展示厅，舞厅，功能室，讲演厅，双重功能的场
所，会议室，维修间
Residential, guest room areas 居住，客房区域
1
Parking garage 停车库
2
Storage, supplies, furniture and similar back-of-the-house spaces
2
储藏，供应，家具和酒店同类后勤场所
Mercantile, Retail 商业的，小卖部
2
Offices 办公室
1
* Fully automatic sprinkler protection assumed 设定具有全自动喷淋保护
If a corridor is located between two major use group areas, both corridor walls need not have the fire
resistance shown in the above table. For example, if a corridor is needed between back-of-the-house
storage areas and the function room area, the required fire rating between the two major use areas is
established by the wall separating the higher hazard from the corridor, that being the storage area in this
case. The function room wall on the corridor side can now have a fire rating to create a safe passageway
of sufficient duration to assure safe egress by the public and employees from the function (and storage)
area. An egress corridor partition rating requirement of one hour, on the function room side only, is
acceptable as a minimum requirement.
如果走廊位于两个主要的使用组别之间，走廊的两侧墙壁不需要具有上表中所示的耐火等级。
例如，如果酒店后勤区的储藏间和多功能室之间有走廊的话，则两个主要区域之间的防火等级
应该由较高危险区域房间的墙壁来决定，这一情况下将由储藏间来决定。在走廊一侧的多功能
室墙的耐火等级只要满足走廊作为安全通道可以保证公众和员工有充分的时间安全撤出功能室
（及储藏）区域即可。对于多功能室靠走道的墙，最低耐火等级一小时是可接受的。
As is always the case, fire rated barriers must have all openings properly protected.
任何情况下，防火隔断的所有开口都必须受到合适的保护。
7.3.4.13 Other Areas 其它区域
There will be certain areas of the facility which, because of the uniqueness of the space and the degree
of hazard contained within, will require additional consideration. The following areas shall be separated
from other parts of the building, and each other, with walls and floors having fire resistance values as
shown:
设施的某些区域由于包含在内的空间的独特性以及危险程度将会要求额外的考虑。下列的各个
区域应该用具有所示耐火级别数值的墙壁和地板同楼宇的其它部分以及相互之间隔离开来。
1 Hour 小时
 Kitchens 厨房
 Computer Rooms 计算机房

The structure between public areas & guestrooms/guest corridors 在公共区域和客房/客房走廊之
间

The structure between BOH areas & guestrooms/guest corridors,后台区域和客房/客房走廊之间
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
The structure between guestrooms and adjoining rooms, kitchen 客房和相邻的房间之间
2 Hour 小时
 Boiler Rooms 锅炉房
 Transformer Rooms 变压器房
 Switchgear Rooms 开关设备室
 Laundry Rooms – including dry cleaning areas 洗衣房- 包括干洗区域在内
 Combustible or Flammable Liquid Storage 可燃或易燃液体储藏室
 Engineering Workshops 工程技术车间。
 Furniture Refinishing Rooms 家具整修房
 Projection Booths 放映室
 Fire Pump Rooms 消防泵房
 Transfer Switch Room 开关房
 Generator Room 发电机房
 Emergency Switchgear Rooms 应急电源配电房
 PABX 电话交换机房
 Emergency lighting battery rooms 应急照明电源房
*The Fire Pump Room, Electrical Switchgear Room, Emergency Generator Room, Emergency
Switchgear Room and Emergency Power Transfer Switch Room are to be separate independent rooms
in new construction and existing structures. The transfer switch may be in the Emergency Switchgear
Room. The four rooms must be accessible independently of each other during a fire or serious electrical
incident. Openings through these barriers shall be properly protected with automatic or self-closing
opening devices.
*在新建建筑和现有酒店中，消防泵房，电气开关机构房，紧急发电机房，紧急开关机构房和紧
急电力转换装置房都应该是隔离的独立的房间。转换装置可以放在紧急开关机构房之内。在发生
火灾和严重的电气事故时这四种房间相互之间必须能单独进出。穿透这些屏障的开口应该用自动
的或自身闭合的打开装置加以合适的保护。
When separating a kitchen from adjacent areas, two options are available.
在将厨房从邻近的区域隔离开来时，有两个方案可供使用。
Option 1 is to separate the entire restaurant from adjacent areas with no separation between the kitchen
and dining area.
方案 1 是将整个餐厅同邻近区域隔离而在厨房和用餐区域之间不加隔离。
Option 2 is to provide a separation around the kitchen area only. The doors in the wall between the
dining area and the kitchen shall be arranged with a vestibule. One set of the vestibule doors must be
rated opening devices with smoke detector operated hold open devices. The other set of doors can be
typical swinging kitchen doors.
方案 2 是只在厨房区域周围提供隔离。在用餐区域同厨房之间墙壁上的 2 道门之间应该设有走
廊。一套门必须设有开门装置，而这种开门装置带有烟感器联动的电磁门吸保持常开。另一套
门可以是典型的摇摆式厨房门。
7.3.5
BARRIERS TO SMOKE SPREAD 烟雾散布的屏障
A restriction in the movement of smoke can be attained in several ways. A physical barrier may retard
smoke movement for a short period of time. A pressure differential across a barrier can retard smoke for
a longer period. An automatic fire suppression system coupled with barriers and pressure differentials
can provide what is referred to as smoke management.
限制烟雾的运动可以通过几条路径来达到。自然的屏障可以阻止烟雾的运动一段短的时间。跨
越屏障的压力差可以阻止烟雾较长时间。自动火灾抑制系统同一些屏障，压力差组合在一起可
以提供所谓的烟雾控制（系统）。
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Smoke management systems, if required by local codes, shall be designed to maintain an environment in
the means of egress system which will allow an individual to retain his physical and psychological
capabilities so that exiting may be safely accomplished. Smoke management systems also help members
of the Emergency Response Team (ERT) travel unhindered to a staging area to launch their attack and
help to limit the damage in adjacent areas.
如果当地的法规有要求，烟气管理系统应该设计成能保持这样一种撤出系统，即能在人员身体
和心理承受的范围内安全地撤出。烟气管理系统还可以帮助应急反应小组（ERT）的成员不受阻
碍地到达集结地点，从而行动起来，并帮助邻近区域避免受到损坏。
7.3.5.1 Physical Barriers 物理屏障
During a fire in a confined space, the atmosphere in the room may well be a mixture of smoke, fire
gases, and hot air. As the fire grows, both the pressure and temperature of the air increase. This increase
in pressure is sufficient to force the smoke and fire through any opening in the barriers of the room.
在一个密闭空间发生火灾时，室内的烟气是烟、燃烧气体和热空气的混合物。在火灾发展时，
空气的压力和温度都上升。这种上升的压力足以使烟和火穿过该室屏障上的任何开口。
Such openings include, but are not limited to:这些开口包括，不仅限于下列内容




Doors 门
Unsealed pipe, conduit, or duct penetrations 未密封的管道，电线管，或风管穿透处
Bathroom vents 浴室通风口
HVAC supply and return vents 空调的出风口和回风口
Doors are very important barriers to help prevent smoke from entering the means of egress system. In
order to help assure that the means of egress system is not violated, guest room doorways and all other
doors opening onto any portion of the exit system shall be equipped with self-closing or automatic
closing devices and positive latching hardware. (These can be omitted on doorways leading to rooms
with relatively fuel-free environments, such as restrooms.)
门是非常重要的隔断，可以有效阻止烟气进入疏散通道。为了保证疏散通道的设施不被破坏，
客房的门以及所有开向安全疏散出口通道的门都应该配备有自动闭门器以及弹出的闩舌装置。
（对于燃烧可能性很小的房间门来说，这些可以省略，如卫生间门）。
Door into guest room for travelers with disabilities must be fitted with delayed action self-closing
devices.
残疾人客房的房门必须配备延迟自动关闭装置。
All fire doors except those for shaft and plant room must be equipped with self closing device and self
latching.
除管井和机房外的所有防火门应设有自动关闭器及插销。
The spaces around pipes, conduits, or ducts are easily remedied by ensuring they are grouted or sealed
by a non-combustible material or collar for the full thickness of the barrier penetrated so as to resist the
passage of smoke.
管道安装周围的空间，如水管、电线管或风管等，通过防火封堵或阻火圈等措施可以比较容易
地加以封堵，从而阻止烟气通过。
7.3.5.2 Smoke Management Systems 烟雾管理系统
An engineered smoke control system using building HVAC fans serves several purposes including
maintaining a tenable environment in the means of egress during the evacuation period and controlling
the spread of smoke from the fire area. Some general discussion on smoke control systems is provided
below. For detailed discussion on such systems, refer to NFPA No. 92A, Recommended Practice for
Smoke Control Systems.
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使用空调和通风系统中的风机来控制烟气的几个目的包括：在火灾发生人员疏散时维持一个可
靠的环境，控制着火区域烟气的流动。下文中提供了一些烟气控制系统的讨论。有关这些系统
的详细讨论，请参阅 NFPA No. 92A, 烟气控制系统操作规程建议。
Physical barriers, such as well sealed walls and doors, will have a significant influence over the spread
of smoke in a building. In addition, automatic fire suppression systems, such as sprinklers, that react to a
fire in its very early stages will greatly minimize the potential for producing large quantities of smoke.
物理屏障，诸如密封得很好的墙壁和门，对楼宇内烟雾的散布有着重大的影响。此外，自动火
灾喷洒系统，诸如对火灾的最初阶段起反应的喷淋，将极大的减少大量烟气的产生。。
With these protection features, the movement of smoke in buildings 21m high or more can be controlled
by the selective use of the normal HVAC fans. The 21m building height criteria is determined by the
distance between the highest occupied floor and lowest grade level of fire department access.
如果具有这些保护特点，21 米或更高的楼宇中烟雾的运动可以通过普通的 HVAC 风机的选择性
使用来控制。21 米楼宇高度是由最高居住楼层同消防队进入口最低层之间的距离来决定的。
The objective is to provide a relative negative pressure in the fire zone. This may be accomplished by
stopping both the air supply fan serving the zone containing the fire and the exhaust fans of all other
zones, and by starting the exhaust fan in the fire zone and the supply fans in all other zones.
目标是在着火区域内提供一个相对负的压力。这一点可以通过将服务于着火区域的空新风机和
所有其它区域的排气风机都停止，将着火区域内的排气风机和所有其它区域的新风机都开动来
实现。
The movement of smoke is often unpredictable; the selection of which fans should be started or stopped
shall be done by means of manual controls located near the central alarm control and emergency
communication panel. Reliance on purely automatic control of fans is not recommended. Whenever
automatic control is provided, there shall also be a manual override control feature (usually keyed).
烟气的流动通常是不可预计的，哪些风机应该开动或停止应该由设在消防控制中心的报警和紧
急控制屏附近的手动控制装置来进行。并不推荐风机完全靠自动运行。除了自动控制外，风机
还应该设有手动控制装置(通常是带锁的)。
In all cases, where normal fan and damper control systems have been designated for the additional
function of smoke control, the associated electrical devices are to be connected to the emergency power
supply.
在任何情况下，如果普通风机和风阀同时兼有防排烟功能时，其电源应连接到紧急电源。
In order for the fire department to have a clear overview of which areas are affected by the operation of
the air supply and exhaust fans, a graphic display of the building showing the areas serviced by each fan
is to be permanently mounted near the manual controls.
为了使消防部门能清晰的看到哪些各防排烟风机控制的区域，在手动控制台附近应该安装一张
图表，以清楚显示各风机服务的区域。
7.4
DETECTION, ALARM AND EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION 检测，报警和紧急通讯
7.4.1
DETECTION 检测
Fire may be detected by either automatic devices or by human senses. Automatic detection is
accomplished by activation of smoke and/or heat detectors located throughout the facility or by the
sensing of water flow in the automatic sprinkler system. Detection by an employee, guest or visitor can
be transmitted to the Fire Command Centre (FCC) by activation of a manual alarm station.
火灾可以通过自动装置或人员控制来检测。自动检测则是通过烟感/温感器的动作或是通过自动
喷淋系统中水流感应来实现的。人员控制的话，是通过手动报警器的动作，将火灾信号传递到
消防指挥中心（FCC）来连锁实现的。
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Installation should generally be carried out using single core LSF cables run in a steel conduit and
trunking wiring system run flush and concealed within the building fabric. All cables connections for the
fire alarm and detection system must have a minimum 60-minute fire resistance. Other methods are also
acceptable but shall be approved by IHG.
电缆通常使用穿在钢管内的单芯防火电缆（无卤低烟），并且线槽水平布线系统需暗装于建筑
内。火灾报警和探测系统的电缆耐火最少必须 60 分钟。其他方法需由洲际酒店集团核准方可接
受。
7.4.1.1 Human Detection 人的检测
If a person in the facility discovers a fire, it is of the utmost importance that the information be
transmitted as quickly as possible to qualified on-site personnel and the local fire department.
如果某位人士发现了火灾，最最重要的是将这一信息尽可能快地传递给现场责任人员以及当地
的消防部门。
Manual alarm station must be provided closing to or at the front desk, each stair access point, each
ground floor exit, populated area and other appropriate locations, such that the travel distance to reach
an alarm station is not greater that 30 m.
手动报警器应安装在靠近前台，每一个楼梯间的出入口，每一个首层出口，人员密集区域和其
它需要的地方，从而到达某个报警站的行程距离不大于 30m。
A manual alarm station shall also be located at the hotel desk or other convenient location under
continuous supervision by responsible employees.
手动报警器还应该布置在酒店的前台处或其他在值班人员经常巡视的地点。
Smoke detectors are not required in exterior corridors; however, general alarm and manual initiating
devices must be provided.
外部走廊内不需要安装烟感探测器；但应安装全面报警和手动启动（报警）装置。
Activation of a smoke/heat detector (other than guestroom), automatic sprinkler water-flow device
and/or manual initiating device must result in immediate activation of the general alarm.
任一烟感/温感探测器（客房除外）,自动喷淋系统水流指示装置和/或手动报警装置的启动都应立
即启动全面报警。
The manual alarm stations must be connected to the building fire alarm system. Activation of a manual
alarm station must be received at the Fire Command Centre and the local fire department. If a nuisance
alarm problem can be anticipated due to manual alarm station location (for instance in garages, exhibit
halls, etc.), a double-action alarm station is to be considered. A double-action alarm station requires two
actions to be performed in sequence in order for the station to activate, possibly reducing unnecessary
activations.
手动报警站必须连接到建筑物的火灾报警系统。手动报警站的动作必须被消防指挥中心以及当
地的消防部门收到。如果由于手动报警站的地点问题（例如在车库，展示厅，等之中）有可能
造成错误的报警，那就要考虑双重-作用的报警站。双重-作用报警站为了使其起作用时需要按
顺序地实施两个动作，这样就可能减少无谓的错误动作。
7.4.1.2 Heat 热量
Automatic sprinkler heads, being heat activated, actually serve the function of automatic heat detection.
When an automatic sprinkler opens and water begins to flow through the system, a water flow alarm
switch will be actuated, automatically activating the fire alarm system.
热量感应的自动喷淋头，实际承担着自动热量检测的功能。当一个自动喷淋头打开，水开始流
经此系统时，水流报警开关动作，自火灾报警系统开始工作。
NOTE: Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in all areas of the building. In a few instances, sprinklers
may be omitted in selected spaces used exclusively as transformer rooms, elevator machine rooms and
electrical switchgear rooms. In these cases, combination heat/smoke detectors shall be installed. These
detectors shall be connected to the building fire alarm system.
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注：自动喷淋应该安装在楼宇的所有区域内。在少数情况中，在有选择的不使用的场合诸如变
压器房，电梯机房和电气开关装置房中喷淋可以省略。在这些场合中应该安装热量/烟感器的组
合。这些检测器应该连接到楼宇的火灾报警系统。
7.4.1.3 Smoke 烟雾
In general, smoke detectors are required in all areas of the building. The type of smoke detector: spot
type, linear beam or incipient (air sampling), is to be selected based on the specific application.
Photoelectric type, system connected smoke detectors, for example, shall be installed in elevator
lobbies.
一般来说，楼宇的所有区域都需要烟感器。烟感器的类型：点型，线型或空气型（空气采
样），根据具体用途来选择。例如光电式，同系统相连接的烟感器应该安装在电梯大厅内。
If a nuisance alarm problem is anticipated (i.e., areas where cigarette smoke may exist, such as cocktail
lounges), it can be diminished by employing nuisance alarm reduction methods. One such method is
cross-zoning detectors such that two smoke detectors in the area, adjacent to each other physically or
electrically, but in separate zones, must each detect smoke before an alarm is transmitted. Where this
technique is used, activation of the first detector shall be enunciated at the Fire Command Centre as a
supervisory signal only. As an alternate to cross zoning, systems utilizing alarm verification features are
permitted (when approved by the local authority having jurisdiction) provided that the smoke detector
will activate a system alarm within one (1) minute if continuously subjected to smoke concentrations
above its alarm threshold. Where analog reporting detection systems are installed, it may be possible to
adjust the alarm threshold at the control panel as a means to reduce nuisance alarms, if permitted by the
local authority having jurisdiction. Other methods, such as positive alarm sequencing, may also be
considered.
如果预料会有错误报警的问题（即，在香烟烟雾会存在的场合，诸如鸡尾酒休息室），可以使
用减少错误报警的方法来消除之。这种方法之一就是交叉-分区检测器法，即在该区域内的两个
检测器实际上或电气上相互之间是邻近的，但是在单独的分区内，在传递出报警之前这两个烟
感器中的每一个都必须检测到烟雾。在使用这一技术时，第一个检测器的作动在消防指挥中心
中应该被认作为只是监督信号。作为交叉分区法的变通方案，可以允许系统利用报警查证的特
点（在取得当地权力机关的核准时）这时假设烟感器连续承受了超过其报警阈的烟雾浓度，它
就在一分钟之内使系统报警起作用。在安装了模拟式的报告检测系统的场合，有可能在控制屏
上调整报警阈而将之作为减少错误报警的措施，这时要取得当地权力机构的许可。其它一些方
法，诸如有效的报警顺序，也是可以考虑的。
In all new construction and major renovation projects, IHG requires the installation of system connected
smoke detectors in every guest room. These detectors are not required to sound a building evacuation
signal, but must sound a local alarm in the room of origin and be enunciated at the Fire Command
Centre as a supervisory signal. Single station smoke detectors with individual alarms are not acceptable.
If the guest room or suite contains more than one bedroom, a detector is to be installed in each sleeping
area. Any guest room smoke detector shall sound an alarm only in the room or area of installation,
where a building-wide common area detection and alarm system is installed. In rooms designed for
accessibility by the hearing impaired, the smoke detectors shall be equipped with a visual strobe light.
在所有新建筑和大的的改造项目中，IHG 要求在每一间客房中安装系统连网的烟感器。这些检测
器并不要求触发建筑物中疏散的信号，而是必须在原客房内发出一个就地报警信号，而且这个
信号同时在消防指挥中心被识别为监督信号。带有单独报警的独立式烟感器是不可接受的。如
果客房或套房具有多于一间的卧室，在每一个睡眠场合都要安装一个检测器。当在楼宇公共区
域范围内都安装了检测和报警系统时，任一个客房烟感器只应该在客房或安装区域内发出报
警。在残疾人客房，配置烟感器的同时应该配置声光报警器。
System connected smoke detectors to be installed in guest rooms shall meet the following criteria:
安装在客房内的与系统相连接的烟感器应该达到以下准则：
1.
Provide a local audible alarm signal upon activation
在起作用时提供一个当地声音报警信号
2.
Report activation as a supervisory signal (not alarm) at the FCC
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这一报警信号在 FCC 中心显示为为监视信号（非报警）
3.
Are fully supervised, providing a trouble indication, if removed or not reporting
在充分监视情况下，如果此烟感被拆除或不显示，则提供故障说明
4.
Meet all other criteria for system connected smoke detectors.
达到与系统相连接的烟感器的所有其它准则
Smoke detectors or combination heat/smoke detectors shall be provided in areas such as transformer
rooms, electrical switchgear and elevator machine rooms.
应该在一些区域诸如变压器房，电气开关装置房和电梯机房内配备烟感器或烟感/温感组合。
In all cases, the type of smoke detection device to be installed depends on both the location and the
contents within the area, and is to be determined and specified by the engineer/designer and local
requirements. Both photoelectric and ionization or intelligent spot-type smoke detectors will provide
accurate detection in this type occupancy. These types of smoke detectors require periodic servicing to
maintain accuracy and prevent false alarms.
在所有情况中，安装的烟感类型取决于房间地点和功能等方面，并且由工程师/设计师和当地要
求来决定和规定。光电式的和离子化或智能点式烟感器两者在这种类型的居住情况中都可以提
供准确的检测。这些类型的烟感器需要进行周期性的检修以保持精度和防止错误报警。
Linear beam type smoke detectors offer advantages in areas such as atriums, ballrooms and large
meeting rooms. Such areas often require several spot-type detectors, and high ceilings can often make
them inaccessible. Linear beam type detectors can be mounted in more accessible locations such as
walls, and fewer detectors are required.
直线红外烟感器对某些区域诸如中庭，舞厅和大型会议厅具有优越性。这些区域通常需要几个
点式检测器，而且高的天花板也经常会使它们难以达到。直线梁式检测器可以安装在比较容易
达到的地点诸如一些墙壁，而且需要检测器的数量较少。
Similarly, incipient (air sampling) fire detection systems are well suited to large open spaces such as
atria, ballrooms and exhibit halls. In large ballrooms which may have several configurations, this type of
smoke detection may be more feasible than either spot or linear beam type smoke detectors.
同理，初始式（空气采样）火灾检测系统能很好地适用于大型开放的区域诸如中庭，舞厅和展
厅。在可能会有几种配置的大型舞厅内，这种类型的烟雾检测可能要比点式的或直线梁式的烟
感器具有更大的可行性。
Smoke detectors are required at the top most ceiling in each enclosed fire stair. They are required in all
areas including public areas, back of house areas, corridors, mechanical rooms and storerooms with the
exception of kitchens, where thermal detectors should be used and areas less than 14sqm.
所有逃生楼梯的顶层天花板上需安装烟感探测器。除已安装热探测器的厨房以及面积小于 14m2
的房间外，基本上酒店所有室内区域均应设有烟感器，包括:公共区、后勤区、走道、机房及储
存室等。
Smoke detector(s) must be installed at the top of lift shafts and linen chutes.
电梯井和布草井的顶端应安装烟感。
heat detectors are required where smoke detectors are not applicable。
烟感器不适合的地方需要安装温感器。
7.4.2
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM 火灾报警系统
The fire alarm system will monitor and display the activation of each device in the system, including
any heat detector, smoke detector, atrium beam detector, manual break-glass unit, sprinkler water flow
switch and sprinkler valve tamper switch or any other input device which may be required.
火灾报警系统将监控和显示系统中每一个装置的作动，包括任何一个热量检测器，烟感器，中
庭中的红外检测器，手动打碎玻璃装置，喷淋水流开关和喷淋信号阀或是任何其它可能需要输
入的装置。
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The system will initiate output functions in accordance with a ‘cause and effect’ matrix that will be
prepared by the Design Engineer, in accordance with all locally applicable codes of practice.
系统将根据由设计工程师按照所有当地适用的操作规程准备的“因果”矩阵模型(matrix)建立
各种输出功能。
The system will be of the analogue automatic addressable type and will continuously monitor all wiring
to detect open or short circuits. The wiring will be configured to not prevent the operation of any device
in the event of the occurrence of the above wiring faults.
系统将是模拟式自动可寻地址型的，并能连续地监控所有的接线来检测开路或短路。接线的配
置能够允许任何一种装置发生上述开路或短路故障时，还能继续运行。
The fire alarm detection system's wiring shall be closed loop, not branched.
火灾报警系统及布线应是环形回路, 而不是支状。
The fire speaker wiring shall be two closed loops in each area.
消防喇叭的布线在每一个区域内应有两个回路。
The detection system must perform the essential functions of signal processing and evaluation in the
detector and MCP. It will use a combination of ‘algorithms’ ‘neutral networks’ and ‘fuzzy logic’.
Detector systems must be true distributed systems with the detectors equipped with ‘algorithms’ which
allow signal processing to a perceived set of calculating rules. The sensor signals are conditioned with
the algorithms in the detector itself and assigned to one of the four danger levels which is then
transmitted to the MCP. It must be possible to poll the measured status of the detector at any time.
火灾探测系统必须有火灾探测器和 MCP（主报警控制屏）中信号处理和评定的主要功能。它将使
用的是‘算法’，‘中性网络’和‘模糊逻辑’的组合。检测器系统必须是带有检测器的真实
的分布系统，而这些检测器则配备着使信号按照一组理解的计算规则进行处理的‘算法’。传
感器的信号在检测器本身之中经过算法的调节并且被赋予了四种危险级别中的一个，然后再传
递到 MCP。它必须能在任何时间查询检测器的测量状态。
The system will be of a type such that each device connected to the system will be provided with a
unique address and separately identified at the MCP.
系统的形式是这样的：即连接在系统上的每一个装置都将提供一个独一无二的地址码，并且每
个能单独被 MCP 识别。
The system should include remote enunciators located as later described. Multiplexing cabinets will be
installed in appropriate locations in the hotel, to combine the signals from a number of circuits into a
single or pair of cables.
系统应该包括遥控的发声器在内，其位置将在下文中说明。在酒店的适当位置处将安装一个多
路控制柜，将许多线路中发来的信号组合到一根或一对电缆之中，
Some local fire brigades require a separate indicator panel for sprinkler system water flow and valve
tamper switches. The designer will include a Sprinkler System Status Indicator Panel (SSP) in the MCP
in addition to the alarm indicators and control functions described herein. The SSP will include a
separate visible indicator for each water flow switch and valve tamper switch group.
某些当地的消防队要求设置一个单独的显示屏，用于显示喷淋系统的水流和信号阀等。除了以
上所述的报警显示和控制功能以外，设计师还应该在 MCP 中将喷淋系统状态显示屏（SSP）包括
在内。SSP 包括了一个独立的可视式显示屏用于每一个水流开关和信号阀组。
Installation should generally be carried out using single core LSF cables run in a steel conduit and
trunking wiring system run flush and concealed within the building fabric. All cables connections for the
fire alarm and detection system must have a minimum 60-minute fire resistance. Other methods are also
acceptable but shall be approved by IHG.
电缆通常使用穿在钢管内的单芯防火电缆（无卤低烟），并且线槽水平布线系统需暗装于建筑
内。火灾报警和探测系统的电缆耐火最少必须 60 分钟。其他方法需由洲际酒店集团核准方可接
受。
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7.4.2.1 Emergency Paging and Voice Alarm System 紧急播叫和声音报警系统
This system should permit one-way communication in the form of paging from the main control panel to
any floor or group of floors simultaneously. These paging functions should not interfere with any
evacuation alarm or alert signals that may be in progress at the time.
这一系统应该允许从主控制屏到任一楼层或楼层组同时进行播叫形式的单向通讯。这些播叫功
能应该不干涉正在进行的任何疏散报警或警告信号。
The system will be capable of manual operation or automatic operation initiated by the fire alarm
subsystem. Speakers should be located as required to achieve 65dBA in all areas of the building,
including one in each guest room. Communication loops will be of the monitored addressable type, with
both ends connected to the control panel.
系统能进行由火灾报警子系统所发动的手动或自动操作。广播喇叭应该按需要布置从而在建筑
物的所有区域内都能达到 65 分贝的音量，在每一间客房内都要有一个广播喇叭。通讯回路是检
测可寻地址类型，其两端都连接到主控制屏。
7.4.2.2 Fireman’s Telephone System 消防电话系统
The fireman’s telephone system should provide two-way communications capability between the MCP
and emergency telephone handsets which will be located in selected areas noted later in this section.
消防员的电话系统应该在 MCP 同紧急电话之间有双向通讯功能，消防电话的布置将在本节稍后
内容中说明。
7.4.2.3 Smoke Management System 烟雾管理系统
The smoke management system control panel will permit, under Fire Brigade control, manual control of
any fan control function automatically initiated by the activation of the fire alarm system. Operation of
the system will inhibit BMS control of the system until automatic operation is manually reset.
在火灾报警系统自动运行后，在消防队员控制下，烟气管理系统控制屏可以允许手动地控制防
排烟风机。在自动操作被重新手动设定之前，这一系统将禁止由 BMS 控制。
7.4.2.4 Equipment 设备
The system should consist of the following:
系统应该由以下内容组成：
The Main Control Panel (MCP) will be located in the Fire Command Centre (FCC) in a location
approved by the Hotel. The location should be a room or area readily accessible to the Fire Brigade upon
their arrival at the building. This should generally be immediately off the main entrance lobby. The
exact location must be approved by the appropriate authorities.
主控制屏位于酒店认可的消防指挥中心（FCC）之内。FCC 中心应该位于消防队到达后容易看到
的地方。一般位于主入口大厅旁。FCC 中心的位置还需得到当地消防部门的认可。
The panel should include the following: 控制屏应该包括下列内容
 Operator terminal 总机终端
 VDU Display VDU 显示器
 Keyboard 键盘
 Event log printer 事件登记打印机
 Fire alarm processing equipment 火灾报警处理设备
 Voice communication central control complete with the following:
由下列内容组成完整的声音通讯中央控制装置：
- Main fire page microphone 主要的救火播叫麦克风
- Master emergency telephone 主要的紧急电话
- Fire page selector per floor 每一楼层的救火播叫选择器
- Evacuation selector per floor 每一楼层的疏散选择器
- Fireman’s telephone selector per floor 每一楼层的消防队员电话选择器
Remote control panel located in the security office, complete with the following:
布置在保安办公室内的遥控屏由下列内容加以完整：
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




Operator terminal 总机终端
VDU display VDU 显示器
Keyboard 键盘
Event log printer 事件登记打印机
Voice communication central complete with the following:
由下列内容组成完整的声音通讯中央控制装置：
- Main fire page microphone 主要的消防播叫麦克风
- Master emergency telephone 主要的紧急电话
- Fire page selector per floor 每一楼层的救火播叫选择器
- Evacuation selector per floor 每一楼层的疏散选择器
- Emergency telephone selector per floor 每一楼层的消防队员电话选择器
Remote VDU display terminal at the telephone operator’s room. This VDU will repeat all alarms
functions displayed at the MCP.
电话总机室内的远端 VDU 显示器。这个 VDU 显示器将重复显示所有在 MCP 处的报警功能。
A remote panel is to be installed in the telephone system operator’s room in a location clearly visible to
the operator and manned 24 hours per day. This remote unit will repeat all alarm functions displayed at
the MCP. Additionally a fire printer shall be installed in the engineer’s office and if the BAS can
interface with the fire system it shall be mimicked at this computer.
远端 VDU 显示器安装在每天 24 小时有人值班的电话总机室内，显示器要能被总机人员清晰地看
到。这个显示器将重复所有显示在 MCP 处的报警功能。除此之外在工程师办公室应该安装一台
火灾报警打印机，而且如果 BAS 能够同消防系统接口的话，它应该被模拟在这台计算机上。
Common audible and visual alarm indicators (RCA) located at the reception desk or lobby.
普通的声光警指示器（RCA）布置在前台或大厅内。
The main supply to the fire alarm and voice communication equipment will come from the emergency
electrical power generating system (essential).
火灾报警和声音通讯设备的主电源将连接紧急电力发电系统（事故电源）。
The backup source of energy is a standby battery. The battery will have sufficient power for 24 hours of
operation in normal conditions finishing with the operation of alarm devices for one hour.
后备能源是备用电池。电池的容量在正常条件下 24 小时进行操作，并且可以使声响报警装置运
行一个小时。
Summary of Systems that interface the AFA System 同 AFA 系统接口的各个系统的综述
Intelligent type smoke detector will be provided in each guestroom sleeping area, and include an integral
audible tone which provides a minimum of 75 dB at the bed head.
带蜂鸣的烟感器将被安装在客房睡眠区域，并且距离床头处声响至少为 75 分贝(dB)。
Ceiling mounted photoelectric type smoke detectors will be provided in all of the hotel common areas.
在酒店的所有公共区域内都将配备安装在天花板上的光电式烟感器。
Heat detectors of the fixed temperature (57°C) type or rate of rise of temperature type may be used in
areas environmentally unsuited for smoke detector (eg, kitchens, laundries, generator rooms, etc).
对于环境上不适合安装烟感器的区域（如，厨房，洗衣房，发电机房，等）可以使用固定温度
(57°C) 型或温度上升速率型的热量检测器。
A smoke detector(s) must be installed in each elevator lobby on each floor, activation of which will
initiate the elevator recall functions.
在每一楼层的每一处电梯大厅内必须安装一个（一些）烟感器，其动作后将联动电梯返回功
能。
Each fan system will be provided with a duct-mounted smoke detector which utilises full width sensing
probes and is suitable for the air velocities to which it is subjected. Duct mounted smoke detectors
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concealed from view will be supplied with a remote indictor, located near the location of the hidden
detector, appropriately labelled as to the detector’s location.
每一个风扇系统都要配备一个管道安装式烟感器，后者利用了全宽度探测头并且适用于它所承
受的空气速度。眼睛看不见的管道安装式烟感器将配备一个遥控指示器，其地点接近于隐藏检
测器的地点，并且需要适当的标记指出检测器的位置，便于维护。
Manual call point will be located near the stairways, lobbies, exit door, fire hydrants, sprinkler room,
transformer station, low voltage switchgear room and standby generator room. The maximum distance
between two manual stations should be 60 meters. Stations are to be installed 1220mm from finished
floor to centre line of device. All stations will be of the fully addressable type and transmit and alarm
directly to the Fire Department.
手动报警器将位于楼梯、大厅、安全出口门、消防栓、喷淋房、变压器站、低压开关装置房和
备用发电机房附近。两个手报站之间的最大距离应该是 60 米。各个站应该安装高度在离地面到
装置的中心线 1220 毫米处。所有手报都是地址型的，并且直接传递和报警到消防控制室。
Hose reel stations and wet riser hydrant shall be installed in accordance with NFPA requirements
throughout the hotel.
在整个酒店中应该按照 NFPA 要求安装水喉卷轴和湿式立管式消防栓。
Voice alarm speakers must be located throughout the hotel, including in each hotel guest room as shown
on plans. All speakers will be capable of producing a sound level of 85 dB at 3 meters. Speakers in
general areas will be combined with strobes. Horn type speakers should be used in areas with high
ambient noise levels. In guestrooms, voice alarm speakers should be audible at 75dB at the bedhead and
usually located in the vestibule ceiling.
声音报警扩音器必须布置在整个酒店中，包括计酒店的每间客房中。所有的扩音器都能在 3 米
距离处产生 85 分贝(dB)的音级。一般区域内的扩音器同探头组合在一起。在高噪声环境区域内
应该使用号角型喇叭。在客房内，喇叭声音应该在床头处可听到 75 分贝，通常布置在门廊天花
板上。
Visual alarm signalling devices (xenon strobe lights) shall be installed in corridors, lobby, restaurant,
function rooms, and handicapped washroom. Lights will consist of a xenon flashtube and be entirely
solid state. The lexan lens will be pyramidal in shape to allow better visibility. Visual units should be
rated at 75 candela minimum.
声光报警器（氙气闪光灯）应安装在整个酒店走廊，疏散楼梯口、大堂、餐厅、宴会厅等人员
多的地方及残疾人卫生间。该灯由一氙气闪光管组成并且完全是固态的。透镜是角锥形的可以
达到较好的可视性。闪光亮度应该最少具有 75 支烛光的亮度。
A sprinkler water flow switch and valve tamper switch will be provided at each sprinkler system valve
location (the flow and tamper switches are furnished and mounted by the sprinkler installer and wired by
the life safety system installer). Flow switches must transmit immediately to the local fire department as
a priority one alarm.
喷淋水流开关和信号阀开关配备在喷淋系统的每一个阀门处（水流和夯式开关由喷淋安装人员
装备和安装并由生命安全系统的安装人员接线）。水流开关作为一个优先的报警信号必须立即
传递到当地救火部门。
Magnetic hold-open devices must be provided where required for the automatic release of smoke fire
doors.
在发生火灾时需要自动释放的逃生门必须配备门磁装置。
Firemen’s telephone handsets will be provided in elevator motor rooms, fire/sprinkler pump rooms,
plant rooms, electrical switchboard rooms, generator rooms, escape stair lobbies, garages, etc.
在电梯马达房，消防/喷淋房，设备房，电气开关板房，发电机房，逃生楼梯大厅，车库，等处
要配备消防队员的电话机。
Emergency stair and exit doors will be provided with magnetic lock release devices, if required for
security reasons.
若有保安需要，紧急楼梯和安全出口门处将配备电磁锁释放装置。
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Interface to other fire safety functions will consist of:
联动到其它防火安全功能的由下列组成
 Activation of integrated voice communications system.整体声音通讯系统的作动
 Controlling of air conditioning and ventilation systems.空调和通风系统的控制
 Closing of fire doors.防火门的关闭
 Controlling of smoke ventilation systems 烟雾通风系统的控制
 Controlling of elevators.电梯的控制
 Controlling of stir and exist doors.楼梯和安全出口门的控制
7.4.2.5 Fire Alarm System Operation 火灾报警系统的操作
The system should be arranged for three categories of alarm inputs and to provide output functions in
accordance with the agreed cause and effect matrix for the project.
系统应该布置成具有三种类别的输入报警并且能提供各种输出功能，这些都是按照该项目同意
的“因果矩阵”来进行的。
Activation of a smoke/heat detector (other than guestroom), automatic sprinkler water-flow device
and/or manual initiating device must result in immediate activation of the general alarm.
任一烟感/温感探测器（客房除外）,自动喷淋系统水流指示装置和/或手动报警装置的启动都应立
即启动全面报警。
For guestrooms equipped with audible alarm, a maximum of 3 minutes delay for investigation and an
activation of second device will result a general alarm immediately.
对于烟感带蜂鸣器的客房，当用于报警调查的三分钟延时到时或是第二个探测器报警时，应该
立即联动整个系统报警。
a) Supervisory Input which will only cause indication at the MCP and remote enunciators.
监视性输入只是在 MCP 和遥控说明器上形成指示。
The following inputs should be considered supervisory monitoring functions:
下列输入应该被认作为监视性监控功能：
 Operation of any sprinkler system shut off valve tamper switch.
任何喷淋系统关闭阀夯式开关的操作
 Fire/Sprinkler pump status (i.e. running, power available, malfunction)
防火/喷淋泵的状态（即，运行，电源供应，错误功能）
 Sprinkler storage tank low water level.
喷淋储水箱的低水位
 Removal of a smoke detector from its base.
从其基座上拆除烟感器
 Wiring faults.
接线故障
Activation of a supervisory monitoring device will provide the following indications:
监视性装置的作动可以提供下列指示：
The MCP and remote enunciators will indicate an audible and visual "TROUBLE" condition. In
addition, the "trouble alarm" will be displayed on the graphic display unit for the type of alarm.
MCP 和远端显示器上将发出一种声音的和可视的“故障”状态。此外，在报警类型的图形显示
装置上将显示出“故障报警”。
Printer will print clear text message on the event log indicating the device which initiated a trouble
alarm.
打印机将打印出清楚的文本信息在事件记录上指明哪个装置发出了故障报警。
b) Priority 1 Alarm Input which should initiate immediate evacuation alarm to areas of the building
detailed hereafter and a fire alert alarm to all other areas.
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优先 1 报警输入应该对下文中详细说明的楼宇中的一些区域发出立即疏散的报警并且对所有
其它区域发出火灾警报的报警。
The following inputs should be considered Priority 1 functions:
下列输入应该认作为优先 1 功能
 Operation of any break-glass unit.
任何破玻璃装置的动作
 Operation of any sprinkler system water flow switch.
任何喷淋系统水流开关的动作
 Operation of any ceiling mounted smoke detector (except guest room smoke detectors). Air
conditioning & ventilation duct return and exhaust air smoke detector.
任何安装在天花板上的烟感器（除了客房烟感器之外）的动作。空调和通风管回风和排
风烟感器。
 Operation of kitchen hood extinguishing systems.
厨房烟罩灭火系统的动作
 Operation of sprinkler room pre-action valves.
喷淋房预作用阀的动作
Activation of any "Priority 1" alarm device will provide the automatic operations as follows:
任何“优先 1”报警装置的作动将提供下列自动操作：
The MCP and each RRP will provide an audible signal, a visual indication on the LCD display of
the address in alarm, and a flashing "Priority 1" alarm indicator. In addition, the type of alarm (i.e.
smoke detector, sprinkler water flow, etc.) that has been activated will be separately displayed on
the graphic display, identifying the type and floor location of the activated alarm.
MCP 和每个 RRP 将提供一个声音信号，一个在报警地址液晶(LCD)显示器上的可视指示，以
及一个闪烁的“优先 1”报警指示器。此外，被激活的报警类型（即，烟感器，喷淋水流，
等）将被单独显示在图形显示器上，并判别出被激活的报警类型和所在楼层位置。
Each RRP will provide a visual and audible indication of an alarm condition on the system.
每个 RRP（重复显示盘）将提供一个可视的和声音指示来说明系统的报警状态。
Fire alarm enunciator panel shall be installed at telephone switch board room
火灾报警的复显屏应安装在话务员室
The “Priority 1” alarm will be displayed on the graphic display terminal in a pictorial graphic
representation.
“优先 1”报警将以图形表述的形式显示在图形显示终端。
The "Priority 1" alarm indicator on the MCP and each RRP will continue to flash until the alarm is
acknowledged. If a subsequent alarm is received after any acknowledgement, the "Priority 1 alarm
will again flash.
MCP 和每个 RRP 上的“优先 1”报警指示器将持续闪烁一直到报警被认可为止。如果在任何
认可之后收到了后继的报警，“优先 1”报警将再次闪烁。
An evacuation alarm will sound on the floor of initiation, the floor above and the floor below
(including any effected guest room), followed by a voice message. The system will be arranged and
wired to prevent interference between alarm tones and messages and alert tone and messages. A
time delay feature will be provided to sound a general evacuation alarm automatically throughout
the building if the initiating alarm condition is not responded to within a predetermined time.
疏散报警将在最初发出的本楼层响起，随后对上面的楼层和下面的楼层（包括任何受到影响
的客房）发出声音信息。这个系统的布置和接线可以防止报警音调和信息以及警报音调和信
息之间的干扰。如果最初发出的报警状态在预定的时间之内未得到响应，那么在整个楼宇范
围内就将自动发出一个具有时间延迟特点的全面疏散的声音报警。
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Where phased evacuation is not applicable, the whole building will be evacuated upon initiation of
a priority 1 alarm.
如果分阶段的疏散不适用，整个楼宇将按照优先 1 报警的发出进行疏散。
Visual indication at the MCP, corresponding to the activated voice alarm circuits, will illuminate.
相应于起了作用的广播报警线路，MCP 处的可视指示将发亮。
An alarm signal will be automatically sent to the local Fire Brigade. This will be accomplished by
means of an automatic telephone dialler either directly to the Fire Brigade or an approved third
party agency who will relay the call to the Fire Brigade or by direct connection to a municipal fire
alarm system as approved by the authorities having jurisdiction.
报警信号将自动送往当地消防队。实现这个功能是通过直接连接到消防队或某个核准的第三
方的自动电话拨号盘来完成的，该第三方将电话转送给消防队或直接连接到权力机关核准的
市政消防报警系统。
All initiating devices (i.e.. smoke detectors, flow switches etc) sound an alarm at the point of origin
and 24hrs staffed at the FCC & enunciator panel.
所有启动的装置(如烟感,流量开关等)应在报警点处和设有 24 小时值班的消防控制中心显示
盘上发出报警。
Activate all visual alarm signalling devices (strobe lights) on all floors in alarm until the panel is
reset.
使全部楼层上的所有声光报警信号装置（闪光灯）发生动作进行报警，一直到（控制）屏复
位为止。
Any magnetically held smoke doors and fire doors will be released.
任何磁性保持的防烟门和防火门都将被自动释放开。
All lift call and door buttons and signals will become inoperative, lifts serving that floor will be
signalled to immediately return to the ground floor or as designated by the local Fire Department
and those designated as fire lifts be held for the exclusive use of the Fire Brigade by the operation
of a fireman’s switch locally at the lift. Should such an alarm occur on the ground floor the lifts will
be signalled to return to the next lowest floor which is not in alarm.
所有的电梯呼叫按钮和门的按钮以及各种信号都变成不可操作，服务于该楼层的电梯都将得
到信号立即返回至底层或按照当地消防部门指定的楼层，那些指定作为消防电梯的则通过电
梯内消防队员开关的操作单独保留给消防队使用。如果在底层发生这种报警，那么电梯就应
该返回至不在报警状态的另一最低楼层。
Signals will be sent directly to confirm the operation of the various HVAC systems in accordance
with the project cause and effect matrix.
各种信号将被直接送出来确认各个 HVAC 系统是按照项目所确定的因果矩阵来操作的。
The details of the HVAC control sequence should be uniquely developed for each project.
HVAC 控制顺序的细则应该根据各个项目独自开发。
The following general guidelines should be followed:
应该遵循下列普遍的指导原则
 All HVAC equipment serving the areas affected by the alarm condition will shut down. In
some buildings this may shut down all of the HVAC equipment.
服务于受到报警状态影响的各区域的所有 HVAC 设备将被关闭。在某些楼宇中这种情况
将关闭全部 HVAV 设备。

Smoke extraction fan system will be started.
烟雾抽气风机将被启动。

Stair pressurisation fans will be started if fitted.
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楼梯正压风机将被启动，如果有配备的话。
Signals will be transmitted to the maintenance paging system to display full details of the alarm.
各种信号将被传递到维护播叫系统以显示报警的全部细则。
The printer will print a clear text message on the event log printer at the MCP. The printer will print
the device information indicating clearly in plain language which device is in alarm the time and
date associated with the alarm. The printer will print all follow-up information regarding this alarm,
such as acknowledge, reset etc. Printer must print in the FCC and the Engineer’s office.
打印机将在 MCP 处的事件记录打印机上打印出清楚的文本信息。打印机将打印出装置的信息
清楚地以普通的文字指明当时哪个装置在报警以及和报警连在一起的日期。打印机将打印出
关于这次报警的随后信息，诸如认可，重新设定等。打印机必须在 FCC 和工程师办公室内打
印。
All emergency stair and exit doors will release (if magnetic door locks were provided as part of
security or compartmentation).
所有的紧急楼梯和安全出口门都将释放（如果将磁性门锁提供作为保安或分隔化的一部
分）。
c)
Priority 2 Alarm Input which will initiate immediate local alarm if a guest room smoke Priority 2
Alarm input condition is detected and delayed general evacuation and fire alert alarms. If no
response has occurred during a preset time interval (ref. cause & effect matrix) the priority 2 alarm
becomes automatically a priority 1 alarm. All secondary systems initiate a priority 2 alarm.
如果客房的烟雾优先 2 报警输入状态被检测到并且有延迟的总疏散和火灾的报警，优先 2 报
警输入将发出立即的就地报警。如果在预先设定的时间间隔内（参阅因果矩阵）没有确认是
否有火灾，优先 2 报警就自动地转成优先 1 报警。所有的次级系统首先发出优先 2 的报警。
The following inputs will be considered Priority 2 functions:
下列输入可以认作为优先 2 报警
 Operation of any guest room smoke detector.
任何客房烟感器的操作。
 Operation of any duct mounted smoke detector.
任何安装在管道上的烟感器的操作。
Activation of any "Priority 2" alarm device will provide the automatic operation as follows:
任何一个“优先 2”报警装置的作动将提供下列自动操作：
A pre-signal alarm will be initiated at the MCP and each RRP. This will include a visual and
audible indication and a flashing ‘Priority 2’ indication. In addition, the type of alarm (eg, guest
room detector, duct smoke detector) that has been activated will be separately displayed on the
graphic display unit identifying the type and floor location of the activated alarm.
在 MCP 和每个 RRP 处将发出预置信号的报警。它将包括一个可视的和声音指示以及一个闪烁
的‘优先 2’指示。此外，已经动作的报警类型（如，客房烟感器，管子烟感器）将单独地
显示在可以判明已发动的报警类型和楼层位置的图形显示装置上。
The pre-signal timer (programmable from 0-5 minutes initially set at 3 minutes) will start. If the
pre-signal alarm is not reset within the timer setting, the alarm category will change to ‘Priority1’
alarm and the actions noted under that section will commence.
预置信号定时器（0-5 分钟可编程，最初设定于 3 分钟）将启动。如果预置信号报警未在定
时器设定值之内复位，报警类别将改变为‘优先 1’报警并且在该节之下注明的各种作用将
开始。
The “Priority 2” alarm will be displayed on the graphic display terminal in a pictorial graphic
representation.
“优先 2”报警将以图形表述的形式显示在图形显示器终端。
Each RRP will provide a visual and audible indication of an alarm condition on the system.
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每个 RRP 将在系统上提供一个报警状态的可视的和声音指示。
The "Priority 2" alarm will continue to flash until the alarm is acknowledged. If a subsequent alarm
is received after any acknowledgement, the "Priority 2" alarm will again flash.
“优先 2”报警将持续闪烁一直到报警被认可为止。如果在任何认可之后收到了后继的报
警，“优先 2”报警将再次闪烁。
The printer will print a clear text message on the event log printer at the MCP. The printer will print
the device information indicating clearly in plain language which device is in alarm, the time, and
the date associated with the alarm. The printer will print all follow-up information regarding this
alarm, such as acknowledge, reset etc.
打印机将在 MCP 处的事件记录打印机上打印出清楚的文本信息。打印机将打印出装置的信息
清楚地以普通的文字指明当时哪个装置在报警以及和报警连在一起的日期。打印机将打印出
关于这次报警的随后信息，诸如认可，重新设定等。
An alarm signal will be automatically sent to the Fire Brigade. This will be accomplished by means
of an automatic telephone dialler either direct to the Fire Brigade or an approved third party agency
who will relay the call to the Fire Brigade, or by direct connection to a Municipal Fire Alarm
System as approved by the authorities having jurisdiction.
报警信号将自动送往当地消防队。实现这个功能是通过直接连接到消防队或某个核准的第三
方的自动电话拨号盘来完成的，该第三方将电话转送给消防队或直接连接到权力机关核准的
市政消防报警系统。
If the initiating device is a guest room smoke detector, the local audible alarm of the respective
guest room will do into alarm
如果最初发出（报警）的装置是客房烟感器，该客房的就地声音报警将发出报警。
If guest room has been provided with a local strobe light in addition to its local horn, the strobe will
be activated when the guest room smoke detector is activated.
如果除了其就地喇叭之外还配备了就地闪光灯，在烟感器起作用时该闪光灯就闪亮。
Should the general evacuation alarm be activated on any floor all guest room strobes on that floor
will be activated.
如果在任一楼层上的总疏散报警被发出，那么该层上的所有客房的闪光灯都将闪光。
If the initiating device is a duct smoke detector, its associated fan will shut down. If the detector is
in a supply air system the associated supply fan will be prevented from starting, even if override is
attempted. Re-starting will only be possible after the supply fan duct detector has been reset
locally.
如果发出报警的装置是管子烟感器，它所连接的风机将关闭。如果检测器是在空气供应系统
之内，有关的供气风机将不能启动，即使企图越权控制也不行。只有在供气风机风管检测器
经过就地重新设定之后才可能重新启动。
Signals will be transmitted to the maintenance engineers paging system to display zone in alarm.
各种信号将被传递到维护工程师页面播叫以显示报警的地区。
7.4.2.6 Emergency Voice Evacuation Systems Operation 紧急广播疏散系统的操作
The automatic and manual voice evacuation system will be an integral part of the hotel life safety
system and will operate as follows:
自动和手动广播疏散系统是酒店生命安全系统的一个整体部分并且按以下操作：
The EVES system must be interfaced with the AFA system.
应急广播疏散系统应与自动消防报警系统联动。
The EVES system must have UPS back up power (1 hr full operation, 24hrs standby) and is connected
to the emergency generator where provided.
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应急广播疏散系统应配有不间断电源做备用(1 小时全运行，24 小时备用),且连接至应急发电机
(如果有）。
Automatic EVES messages must use local language and English.
应急广播疏散系统应采用 2 种语言作广播。
EVES speakers must be installed in all areas (including FOH, BOH, MEP plants, public toilets, stairs for
every two floors)
所有区域应安装应急广播疏散系统扬声器(公共区,后勤区,机房,公共卫生间及楼梯内每两层等)
The fire speaker system must have the ability to sound evacuation alarms/messages throughout the
entire hotel simultaneously, the applifyer shall has 20% - 25% spare capacity.
消防广播应能够对整个酒店同时发出疏散报警/语音，其功放应有 20%-25% 的冗余。
EVES speakers must be provided a minimum of 75dBA at the bed head and 65dBA in all other areas.
所有客房内应安装应急广播疏散系统扬声器且床头位置音量达到 75 分贝, 其它区域为 65 分贝。
Automatic voice evacuation alarm tones and messages will be initiated by the fire alarm system in the
FCC. It will be arranged to initiate automatic phased, or full evacuation in accordance with the building
configuration and the requirements of the local fire authority.
自动声音疏散系统的音调和信息将由 FCC 中的火灾报警系统发出。按照楼宇的配置和当地消防
权力部门的要求它将被安排来发动最大的分阶段的或全面的疏散工作。
Hotel floors in alarm will receive a fire alarm tone, which will be a "slow whoop" alarm tone for a
maximum of fifteen (15) seconds followed by an automatic pre-selected voice evacuation message. The
message will be in accordance with local codes of practice. At the end of each message the "slow
whoop" will continue for fifteen (15) seconds followed again by the automatic voice evacuation signal.
This sequence of alarm will sound until the signal silence switch is operated at the main fire alarm
control panel or the fire alarm has been reset as described previously. The voice evacuation signal will
be distinct, authoritative (preferably female) without any inflection and in accordance with the location
and guests served in the hotel, and may be repeated in several languages (local language and English) as
a minimum as agreed with the Fire Brigade.
发生报警的酒店各个楼层将收到一个火灾报警音调，它是一个历时至少十五（15）秒钟的“缓
慢呐喊”报警音调随后就是自动的经过预选的声音疏散信息。该信息应遵照当地的实际法规。
在每一次信息的结束时继续发出十五（15）秒钟的“缓慢呐喊”随后又是自动的声音疏散信
号。这个报警顺序的声音一直响到火灾报警主控制屏上的信号静止开关开动为止或者火灾报警
按照以上所述重新经过设定为止。声音报警信号应该是清楚的，具有权威性的（最好是女声
的）不带任何偏差，并且要说明酒店内服务的地点和客人，而且可以用消防队同意的最低限度
几种语言（当地语言和英语）来重复。
The alert tone will consist of an introductory pulse tone for fifteen (15) seconds followed by an alert
message. The message will also state that the occupants shall be prepared to evacuate the building when
the evacuation alarm is given. The alert tone must be distinctly different from that of the evacuation
alarm.
警报的音调将有一个十五（15）秒钟的引导脉冲音调和随后的警报信息组成。这个信息应同样
说明当给出了疏散报警时居住者就应该准备疏散出楼宇。警报的音调必须同疏散报警的音调明
显不同。
During the automatic transmission of the fire alarm and fire alert tones, it will be possible at the main
fire alarm panel to permit selective voice paging without interference from the fire alarm and fire alert
tone.
在自动传递火灾报警和火灾警报的音调时，有可能在火灾报警主控制屏上允许进行选择性的声
音播叫而不干扰火灾报警和火灾警报的音调。
For manual voice alarm messages all speakers on any floor or group of floors will be selectable by
manual control switches.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
对于手动声音报警信息来说，任一楼层或一组楼层上的所有扩音器都是可以通过手动控制开关
来选择的。
The action of operating any of these switches will have a positive feedback confirmation system to
confirm the correct floor(s) have been selected. This will be achieved with a floor by floor display of the
building. This display will allow for more than one floor at a time to be displayed.
操作任何一个这类开关的作用将具有一个正面反馈确认系统来确认所选择楼层（一些楼层）的
正确性。这将通过对楼宇楼层的逐层显示来达到。这种显示可以允许同时显示多于一层的楼
层。
Upon activation of manual control switches and the microphone push-to-talk switch, it will be possible
to transmit a message to the selected areas. The activation of any such switches and microphone switch
will initiate a pre-annunciation tone for fifteen (15) seconds followed by an announcement or message.
The message will follow the pre-annunciation tone and the person making the announcement will be
cued when to start the announcement by a red indicator located adjacent to the microphone. When the
microphone button is released, the pre-annunciation tone will sound for fifteen (15) seconds, after which
the system will return to the automatic voice evacuation or alert mode until reset as mentioned above.
在手动控制开关和麦克风通话开关起作用之后，就有可能将信号传递到所选区域。任何一个这
类开关和麦克风开关的起作用将发出一个十五（15）秒钟的预通报音调随后就是通告和信息。
这个信息是跟随在预通报音调之后的而且执行通告的人员由位于麦克风邻近的红色指示灯作出
提示甚么时候开始通告。在麦克风按钮被释放时，预通报音调将响十五（15）秒钟，然后系统
就将返回到自动声音疏散或基本模式一直到如上所述的重新设定时为止。
It will be possible to load a variety of pre-recorded messages (to be coordinated with local authority)
plus all combinations of floor fire alarms pre-recorded messages, which will all be selected by the
system software. Amendments to the pre-recorded messages and any reprogramming of the operating
system will be accomplished by front panel operated push buttons, selector switches and a keypad.
有可能加载许多预先记录的信息（要同当地权力机构协调）再加上楼层报警预记录信息的所有
组合，所有这些将由系统的软件来选择。对预记录信息的休正和操作系统的任何重新编程都将
通过前面板操作的按钮，选择器开关和键盘来实现。
The system must be capable of overriding any local music systems found in the hotel such as local
restaurant and ballroom music systems.
这个系统必须能超越在酒店中可以找到的任合当地音乐系统诸如当地餐厅和舞厅的音乐系统。
Facility for total building evacuation and paging will be provided to allow for activation of all floor
speakers. This will be accomplished by means of an "all floor" switch located at the MCP.
用于楼宇全面疏散和播叫的设施要能使所有楼层的扩音器起作用。可以使用位于 MCP 处的“全
部楼层”开关来完成之。
It must be possible to transmit an alarm tone and a voice message to speakers on one zone, while the rest
of the building is receiving alert tone, all at the same time.
必须能将一个警报音调和一个声音信息传递给一个地区上的扩音器，同时楼宇的其它地区都收
到警报音调，全部在相同时间。
Speakers on each floor will be divided into two speaker circuits. Circuit A and Circuit B speakers must
be connected in an alternate format so that upon a circuit failure, 50% of the speakers are still audible. A
minimum of three (3) channels must be supplied: An ALERT channel, and EVAC channel and a PAGE
channel.
每个楼层上的扩音器将被分成两条扩音器线路。线路 A 和线路 B 的扩音器必须连接成交替格式
从而在一条线路发生故障时，50%的扩音器仍旧可以发声。必须提供最少三（３）条通道：
ALERT 通道，和 EVAC 通道以及 PAGE 通道。
The emergency evacuation and voice alarm system amplification equipment should be sized to
accommodate the total quantity of speakers for each channel (total of three) plus 25% spare reserve
capacity in each channel.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
紧急疏散和声音报警系统的放大设备其大小的确定应能推动每个通道（总计三个）的所有扩音
器再加上每个通道中 25% 的备用保留能力。
The system should be provided with redundant amplifiers arranged in such a manner that failure of an
amplifier will not result in loss of acceptable audibility in any area of the building.
系统还应该配备一些多余的放大器其布置情况应该是如果一个放大器发生故障不会造成楼宇内
的任何区域收不到报警声音。
All evacuation speakers have back box covers to protect from dust.
所有应急广播疏散系统扬声器宜配有防尘后盖。
7.4.2.7 Fireman’s Telephone System Operation 消防队员电话系统的操作
All remote firemen’s telephones will communicate with the emergency telephone control panel at the
MCP as follows:
所有遥控的消防队员的电话同 MCP 处的紧急电话控制屏的通讯将如下所述：
The raising of any telephone handset from its cradle will cause the appropriate phone location indicator
to flash and a distinctive audible pulsing sound to be heard in the fire command centre. The subsequent
picking-up of the master phone and operation of that phone selector switch will silence the pulsing tone,
cause the phone location indicator to stop flashing and remain on and complete the coupling of the
remote telephone to the master telephone to provide direct and private communications.
任何电话听筒从其支座提起将会在消防指挥中心使具体的电话地点指示灯闪亮并且能够听到一
个清楚的脉冲声音。主电话的随后提起以及该电话选择器开关的操作将会使脉冲音调静止，并
使电话地点指示灯停止闪亮但仍保持打开以及完成遥控电话和主电话的耦合从而提供直接的和
秘密的通讯。
Any subsequent rising of another telephone from its cradle on the same circuit will not cause the pulsing
tone to reactivate if any two-way communication has already been established. Activation of any
additional telephone handset circuit will cause its discrete indicator to flash until acknowledged by the
master telephone or the handset is replaced.
如果已经建立了任何的两－路通讯则另一个电话从其相同线路中的支座上任何一次随后提起将
不会再发出脉冲音调。任何附加的电话听筒线路的激活将会使其离散的指示灯闪亮一直到被主
电话认可或听筒复位时为止。
The emergency telephone system will provide the capacity to handle simultaneous use of multiple
remote phones. All handsets will be enunciated and monitored against faults or tampering (i.e.
supervised).
紧急电话系统能进行多台遥控电话的同时使用。所有听筒都应发声清晰并对故障和干扰监控。
The replacement of all remote telephone handsets will cause the restoration of all normal supervisory
functions. If any remote phone is not replaced, then the appropriate phone zone indicator will flash and
the pulsing tone will resume in the Fire Command Centre.
所有遥控电话听筒的复位都使所有的正常监督功能恢复。如果任何一个遥控电话未复位，那么
在火灾指令中心具体的电话地区指示灯将闪亮而脉冲音调再重新开始。
Telephone operations and telephone system faults will be stored in system memory and it will be
possible to print out these operations on demand.
电话操作和导航系统故障将被储存在系统的储存器内并且可以按照需要将这些操作打印出来。
7.4.2.8 Pocket Pager Interface 袖珍寻呼机接口
The system will interface with the pocket paging system such that signals will be sent to permit pocket
pagers to display:
系统将同袖珍寻呼系统接口从而将信号送出以允许袖珍寻呼机显示下列内容：
The guest room number if a guest room smoke detector has been activated.
客房烟感器起了作用的那间客房号码。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
An alarm code if any other device has been activated. The alarm code shall consist of the zone in alarm
(digital number or clear text) followed by a multi-digit code for the signalling device.
任何其它装置被激活时的报警密码。这个报警密码应该由发出报警的地区（数字或清晰的文
本）以及随后的发信号装置的多位数字码组成。
The pocket pager interface will require the specifier of the pocket paging system to make provisions to
accept signals originating from the Life Safety System (LSS), either directly or via the building
telephone system, to achieve the desired indications on pocket pagers. The Life Safety System specifier
must co-ordinate with the designers of the paging and/or telephone systems to ensure the proper signals
are originated and received.
袖珍寻呼机接口将要求袖珍寻呼系统的制定者做好准备来接受从生命安全系统或者是直接或是
通过建筑物电话系统发出的信号，以获得袖珍寻呼机上所需的指示。生命安全系统的制定者必
须同寻呼和/或电话系统设计师进行协调以保证具体的信号能被发出和收到。
7.4.2.9 Smoke Management Control System 烟雾管理控制系统
The manual smoke management control system will be part of the life safety system and will function as
follows:
手动烟雾管理控制系统是生命安全系统的一部分并且进行如下的功能：
The smoke management control system panel will be incorporated into the MCP. The system will
include a Fireman's Override Switch to enable the attending fire officer to manually control the
automatic HVAC systems. Operation of the override switch will not alter the default modes of operation
automatically established by the Fire Alarm System but will enable bypass control via momentary
contact illuminated push buttons or spring return selector switches located on the smoke bypass control
panel.
烟雾管理控制系统的控制屏是结合在 MCP 之内的。系统将包括一个消防队员的超越开关，它能
够使主要的消防官员对自动的 HVAC 系统进行手动控制。超越客观的存在将不会改变由火灾报警
系统所自动建立的缺省操作模式但是却能通过位于烟雾旁路控制屏上的瞬时接触照亮按钮或弹
簧回复选择器使旁路控制能够进行。
The panel will include for each HVAC, smoke extract, stair pressurisation fan and system dampers,
visible indicators for running and stopped states (open and closed for dampers) and push buttons for
start and stop.
控制屏将包括对于每个 HVAC 的，烟雾抽取，楼梯压力化风机和系统阻尼器，可视的用于允许和
停滞状态的指示器（对阻尼器打开或关闭）以及用于启动和停止的按钮。
The panel will be provided with a locked armoured glass door to view indicators but to prevent
operation of any devices except by authorised personnel.
控制屏将配备有一扇锁住的装甲玻璃门可以看到指示器但是能防止除了由授权人员进行操作以
外，任何装置都不得运行。
The wiring necessary to achieve the requisite bypass control functions will originate directly from the
LSS and not rely on any intermediate system for its operation.
为了达到申请的旁路控制功能所需的接线将直接从 LSS 开始发源并且不依赖任何中间系统为其
操作。
The BMS system must not be used to control any devices during life safety alarm condition.
在生命安全报警状态下 BMS 系统必须不被用来控制任何装置。
7.4.2.10 Lift Interface 电梯的接口
The lift recall functions described will require the lift specifier to make provisions in the lift control
system to accept signals from the Life Safety System and to consequently initiate the recall action. The
Life Safety System should provide volt free contacts wired to a labelled terminal box installed in each
lift motor room by the Life Safety System installer.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
所述的电梯再呼叫功能将要求电梯制定者在电梯控制系统中做好准备来接收从生命安全系统中
发出的信号并随后引发再呼叫作用。安全系统应该具备无电压触头，这些触头接线到由生命安
全系统安装人员安装在每间电梯马达房内的带有标记的终端盒中
。
The lift system installer should be required to wire from these terminals to the lift control system.
Generally, two sets of contacts will be required for each lift motor room - one operated upon activation
of any lift lobby smoke detector or sprinkler water flow switch and one operated if the alarm activation
is on the ground floor.
要求电梯系统安装人员将线路从这些终端连接到电梯控制系统。一般来说，对每间电梯马达房
需要两套触头- 一套根据任何一个电梯大厅烟感器或喷淋水流开关的激活来进行操作而另一套
则是报警在底层被激活时进行操作。
7.4.2.11 Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning 采暖，通风和空调
The quantity of duct type smoke detectors, their locations and the fan control sequences during alarm
conditions must be determined in conjunction with the HVAC system designer.
管子型烟感器数量，其位置和报警状态下的风机控制顺序必须同 HVAC 系统的设计师联合一起决
定。
7.4.2.12 Building Management System (BMS) 楼宇管理系统
The Life Safety System is required to initiate various fan control functions. These functions are to be
wired directly from the Life Safety System to the motor control centres so as to achieve the required fan
and damper control. These functions must be properly co-ordinated with the BMS to be certain that Life
Safety System functions will override control initiated from the BMS.
要求生命安全系统能发动各种各样的风机控制功能。这些功能应该直接从生命安全系统接线到
电动机控制中心丛而达到所需的风机和阻尼器的控制。这些功能必须同 BMS 具体协调来肯定生
命安全系统的功能可以超越由 BMS 所发动的控制。
7.4.2.13 Sprinkler/Fire Pump System 喷淋/消防泵系统
The Life Safety System is required to monitor fire/sprinkler pump status and sprinkler storage tank low
level. The pump controller specifier must ensure that adequate volt free output signals are available.
Fire/sprinkler pump installations often have multiple valves in the immediate vicinity of the pump set.
Each of these valves must be provided with a tamper switch. The Life Safety System designer should
make provisions for wiring the correct number of tamper switches. The tamper switches at any one
pump location may be arranged to appear as one trouble alarm at the MCP.
要求生命安全系统能监控消防/喷淋泵的状态和洒水储水罐的低水位。泵控制器的制定者必须保
证能提供合适的无电压输出信号。消防/喷淋泵的安装经常在泵组最近处配备多重阀门。每一个
阀门必须具备一个夯式开关。生命安全系统设计师应该安排好正确数量夯式开关的接线。任何
一个泵的地点的夯式开关都可以安排为出现在 MCP 上的一次故障报警。
Pre-action sprinkler system control panels, kitchen extract hood extinguishing systems, etc. must be
provided with suitable interface contacts to be wired to the Life Safety System.
预作用喷淋系统控制屏，厨房抽气罩灭火系统等都必须配备有合适的接口触头来同生命安全系
统接线。
7.4.2.14 Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳
Gas-fired equipment (such as a furnace, boiler, water heater, fireplace or laundry dryer, but excluding
cooking equipment) and/or car park requiring mechanical ventilation, must be equipped with carbon
monoxide detection in compliance with a code recognized by IHG.
燃气设备（如炉子，锅炉，热水器，或洗衣干衣机，但不包括烹饪设备）和/或需机械排风的停
车场，应安装 IHG 认可的一氧化炭探测器。
CO detectors must also be installed in all car parks requiring mechanical ventilation.
所有配备机械通风的停车库必须安装一氧化碳（CO）探测器。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Unless superseded by local or national codes, CO detector and alarm installations must comply with one
of the following:
一氧化碳探测器和报警器的安装必须遵循以下各项中的一项，除非当地或国家有专门规定
 Single- or multiple-station (interconnected) CO alarms must be installed in each room containing
fossil fuel burning equipment, the sleeping area of each guestroom adjacent to the fossil fuel
burning equipment room or its vent path, and each corridor or commons area adjacent to the fuelburning equipment room. Single- and multiple-station type alarms must be equipped with a power
supply, which is hardwired or plug-in type with restraining means, local audible alarm and battery
back-up. Provisions for visual alarms must be made in affected DDA accessible guestrooms,
commons areas and corridors.
如客房与使用燃料的设备间相邻，或使用燃料的设备间内的通风管道穿越客房、走廊或公共
区域，则必须安装单台或多台（互联）一氧化碳报警器。报警器必须由电线直接接入或使用
插座式电源并予以固定，且配备不间断电源。客房、公共区域、走廊及残疾人房间安装可视
报警。

System-type detectors, which annunciate to a continuously monitored workstation, must be installed
in each room containing fuel-burning equipment and its vent path. CO detection may be connected
to the fire alarm panel where allowed by local code.
必须在使用燃料的设备间及其通风管道内安装系统型探测器，在当地规范允许的情况下将一
氧化碳探测器与火灾报警面板连接。
Carbon Monoxide (CO) detectors and alarms must comply with one of the following:
一氧化碳（CO）探测器及报警器的选择必须符合以下标准
 Americas - ANSI/UL 2034
 EMEA - EN 50291
 Asia-Pacific - CE, UL 2034
7.4.3
COMMISSIONING & TESTING OF FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
消防设备试运转及调试
Complete as-built drawings shall be provided to the hotel within one month of completion of the work
在工作完成后一个月之内应该将竣工图提供给酒店。
Before the electrical facilities are placed in operation, the Contractor will carry out suitable tests and
submit record copies of tests to establish, to the satisfaction of the Electrical Engineer and Hotel Chief
Engineer, that all equipment, devices, and wiring have been correctly installed, are in satisfactory
working condition, and will operate as intended.
在电气设施投入运行之前，承包商应该完成相配的试验并提交出试验的记录复本来确认，能使
电气工程师和酒店总工程师满意的，全部设备，装置和接线都已经正确安装，处于令人满意的
工作状态，并且能按意图运行。
The Electrical Engineer and Hotel Chief Engineer reserve the right to witness all the following tests and
they must be notified three working days before they are to take place. They shall include:
电气工程师和酒店总工程师保留验证所有下列试验的权利并且在进行这些试验之前三个工作日
必须得到通知。
7.4.3.1 Alarms 报警
All electrical equipment alarms should be tested for proper operation by causing alarms to sound under
simulated abnormal conditions.
所有电气设备的报警都应该进行试验以证明在模拟的异常状态下能妥当运行而发出报警声音。
7.4.3.2 System Operation 系统的运行
Prior to demonstrating the operation of the life safety system, each Subcontractor or vendor should have
tested their respective systems for proper operation. All sprinkler water flow switch time delays should
have been adjusted. In addition, all systems should have been jointly tested to assure that they are
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
properly interfaced. If the remote call unit has been connected to the fire brigade or central alarm
Service Company, prior to the start of testing, that service should be notified of the test.
在演示生命安全系统的运行之前，每一个分承包商和出售方都应该对它们各自的系统进行了妥
当运行的试验。所有喷淋水流开关的时间延迟都应该经过了调整。此外，所有的系统都应该经
过联合试验以保证其接口是妥当的。如果遥控呼叫装置已经连接到消防队或中央报警服务公
司，在开始试验之前，就应该将之通知该服务机构。
Status of equipment for test shall be as follows:
进行试验的设备的状态应该如下
 All HVAC fan starters in the "AUTO" position. Supply and return fans systems throughout the
building should be on and operating
所有的 HVAC 风机启动器都在“自动”（“AUTO”）位置。整个酒店中的供气和返回风扇系
统应该打开并运行

All starters for smoke control fan systems in the "OFF" position
所有用于烟雾控制风扇系统的启动器都是在“关闭”（“OFF”）位置

Emergency power system in the normal mode
紧急电力系统处于正常模式

Elevators in each bank should be on and in motion
每层的电梯都应该打开并且可以运动

After testing the first device, all fan local disconnect switches should be put in the "OFF" position.
This is done to prevent too frequent cycling of the fan motors. For the remainder of the test, status
verification will be via the fan starter pilot light which indicates when the starter holding coil has
been energized (light on) or de-energized (light off)
在测试第一台装置之后，所有风机的就地脱离开关应该放置在“OFF”位置上。这样做是要
防止风机马达过于频繁的循环起动。对于试验的其余者，状态的验证将通过风机启动器指示
灯来指明甚么时候启动器的保持线圈通电（灯亮）或者断电（灯灭）。

All elevators, after the first device which activates elevator recall, should be put on by-pass
在第一台装置发出电梯的再呼叫之后，所有电梯都应该放到旁通。
Personnel should be located throughout the building to observe and verify the proper operation of floor
dampers, supply and return fans, stair pressurisation and exhaust fans to confirm they are operating
correctly.
整个楼宇中都应该配备人员来观察和验证楼层阻尼器，供气和返回风机，楼梯压力化和排气风
机的操作都是妥当的从而确认它们的运行是正确的。
All devices on each floor should be tested. The devices to be tested are as follows:
每个楼层上的所有装置都应该进行试验。待试验的各种装置如下：
 Manual pull station 手动拉动站

Water flow switch 水流开关

All sprinkler valve tamper switches will be tested 所有喷淋阀门夯式开关都应经过试验

All supply fan discharge smoke detectors will be tested 所有供气风机排放烟感器都应试验

Duct mounted smoke detector 管子安装式烟感器

Elevator lobby smoke detector 电梯大厅烟感器

Guest Room smoke detector 客房烟感器
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
Area smoke detector 区域烟感器
Upon activation of each device, the system should be allowed to proceed through its entire
consequential action functions.
根据每台装置的激活，系统应该允许进行其全部相应的动作功能。
During the test, each floor should be checked to ensure that the fire alarm speakers are audible
throughout the fire floor and the floors above and below the fire floor.
在试验时，每个楼层都应该经过检查以保证火灾报警扩音器在整个着火楼层以及其上面和下面
一层都可以发声被听到。
The status of all fans and their respective dampers should be verified.
所有风机及其各自阻尼器的状态都应该验证。
Throughout the test, two-way radios should be used to report the results of each test to the Fire
Command Centre.
在整个试验中，应该使用两-路无线电通信向消防指挥中心报告每个试验的结果。
7.4.3.3 Local Action on Alarm 报警的当地作用
Once the fire has been detected, the building's fire detection and emergency voice alarm communication
system shall perform several basic functions:
一旦检测到火灾，建筑物的火灾检测和紧急声音报警通讯系统应该实施几种基本功能：







Alert building occupants
警告楼宇内的居住者
Actuate special fire control systems
发动专门的消防控制系统
Notify building fire brigade
通知楼宇内的消防队
Recall elevators to fire department access floor or alternate floor
呼叫电梯至消防部门进出的楼层和预备楼层
Close magnetically held open fire doors
关闭磁性保持打开的防火门
Open electric locks on one-way exit doors, thereby making the doors operable both ways
打开单路安全出口门上的电气锁，从而使这些门能两路打开
Notify local fire department
通知当地的消防部门
*Unwarranted alarms will cause complacency, unnecessary guest discomfort or even accidents and
liability suits. It is IHG’s objective to install responsive but trouble free detection systems. Every effort
is to be made to reduce the potential for unwarranted alarms by using appropriate nuisance alarm
reduction strategies. For this reason we recommend only using intelligent type detectors that use a
combination of three types of detectors.
无根据的报警将会造成住客的无谓的不适或甚至造成事故以及责任诉讼。IHG 的目标是建立有
响应的但是无故障的检测系统。通过使用合适的减少错误报警的策略来努力减少无根据报警的
潜在危险。为此我们建议只使用智能型检测器，而智能型检测器使用的是三种类型检测器的组
合。
7.4.4
FIRE DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION 消防部门通告
7.4.4.1 Automatic 自动的
In order to avoid any undue delays in notifying the local fire department of an alarm condition, all hotels
shall have automatic alarm transmission capability. As used in these Standards, the term "automatic"
means that once a system connected heat detector, smoke detector (except guest room smoke detectors),
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water flow sensor or manual pull station is activated, the alarm signal will be automatically transmitted
to the fire department by mechanical or electrical means, without human intervention.
为了避免不适当地延误将报警状态通报给当地的消防部门，所有的酒店都应该具有自动的报警传
递能力。如同应用在这些标准中一样，名词“自动的”是指一旦连接在系统上的热量检测器，烟
感器（除了客房检测器以外），水流传感器或手动拉动站被激活，报警信号无需人的参与就自动
地通过机械或电气手段传递至消防部门。
Alarm signals can be automatically transmitted to the fire department using one of three basic methods:
可以使用下列三种基本方法之一将报警信号自动传递至消防部门：
 Central Station Signalling System 中心站信号系统
 Auxiliary Signalling Systems 辅助信号系统
 Remote Station Signalling Systems 遥控站信号系统
Central Station Systems are operated by private alarm enterprises which contract with the hotel to
receive fire alarm and supervisory signals and take appropriate action. In addition to InterContinental
Hotels Group Guidelines for Fire Detection Emergency Voice Alarm Communication Systems, NFPA
Standard Number 71 "Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Central Station Signalling
Systems" provides details concerning the proper installation, maintenance and operation of Central
Station Signalling Systems.
中心站系统是由私营报警企业经营的，该企业同酒店承包接收火灾报警和监督信号并采取适当的
行动。除了洲际酒店集团用于火灾检测紧急声音报警通讯系统的指导方针之外，NFPA 第 71 号标
准“中心站信号系统的安装，维护和使用标准”可以提供涉及中心站信号系统的安装，维护和操
作的细则。
Auxiliary Protective Signalling Systems utilize municipal fire alarm circuits to transmit alarms from the
hotel to the municipal communications centre. The proper design, installation and operation of these
systems are described in NFPA Standard Number 72 "Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and
Use of Protective Signalling Systems".
辅助信号系统使用市政火灾报警线路将报警从酒店传递至市政通讯中心。NFPA 第 72 号标准“保
护信号系统的安装，维护和使用标准”中描述了这些系统的具体设计，安装和操作。
Remote Station Protective Signalling Systems utilize electrically supervised circuits (other than
municipal fire alarm circuits) to transmit alarm signals from the hotel to alarm signal receiving
equipment in a remote station such as a municipal fire alarm headquarters or a fire station. Proper
methods for the installation, maintenance and operation of these systems are described in NFPA
Standard Number 72 "Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Protective Signalling
Systems".
遥控站保护信号系统使用电气监督线路将报警信号从酒店传递至某一遥控站诸如市政火灾报警总
部或消防站内的报警信号接收设备。NFPA 第 72 号标准“保护信号系统的安装，维护和使用标
准”中描述了这些系统的安装，维护和操作的具体方法。
All of these systems require specific contractual agreements regarding system component ownership,
staffing, installation, maintenance and periodic testing. The specification of systems intended to
automatically transmit signals to the fire department requires detailed attention on the part of the
designer to assure the basis for contractual agreements, operations, maintenance and periodic testing.
Guidelines for testing of fire alarm systems are described in NFPA Number 72H "Guide for Testing
Procedures for Local, Auxiliary, Remote Station and Proprietary Protective Signalling Systems".
所有这些系统都要求具体的关于系统组成部分所有权，人员，安装，维护和周期性测试的合同协
议。系统要将信号自动地传递至消防部门的规定需要一部分设计师仔细关心来保证合同协议，操
作，维护和周期性测试的基本内容。NFPA 第 72H 号标准“当地的，辅助的，遥控站和专有保护
信号系统的测试规程指南”中描述了火灾报警系统测试的指导方针。
7.4.4.2 Manual 手动的
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The Fire Command Centre (usually Security office) will be constantly attended by hotel staff. It is
necessary that staff members have the capability to communicate directly with the public fire department
to both verify that automatic alarms have been received and to give the fire department additional
information. This manual method of fire department notification and verification is normally
accomplished through the public telephone system, and is not an alternative to automatic fire department
notification performed by the Fire Command Centre equipment, unless it is the only means available to
the hotel. An FCC repeater panel will normally be located in the same room with or adjacent to the
telephone switchboard.
酒店的工作人员经常同消防指挥中心（通常是安全办公室）打交道。这些工作人员需要有能力直
接同公共消防部门沟通，一方面验证是否已经收到了自动的报警，另一方面将附加信息送给消防
部门。这种手动通知消防部门和验证的方法一般是通过公共电话系统来实现的，它并不是消防指
挥中心所实施的自动消防部门通告的一个变型，除非它是酒店可应用的唯一手段。FCC 转发器屏
一般是放置在电话交换机的同一个房间或相邻房间内。
7.4.5
RECORDS AND INSTRUCTIONS 记录和说明书
Complete as-built drawings and technical service instructions, as well as clear, concise operator
instructions are to be readily available in the Fire Command Centre.
完整的竣工图和技术服务说明书，以及清楚的，简明的操作员说明书都应该在消防指挥中心内随
时可供应用。
7.5
ESCAPE ROUTES AND EMERGENCY POWER 逃生路线和紧急电力
Once an alarm has been activated in a hotel, the guests and staff, must be allowed to safely leave the
building by protected means of escapes.
一旦在酒店内发出了报警，必须能允许通过逃生保护措施使住客和职工安全地离开建筑物。
7.5.1
SUMMARY 综述
a) Means of Egress 疏散设施
 Each floor shall have at least two means of egress remote from one another and travel distance
from the door of any room to the nearest exit shall not exceed 30m in a fully sprinklered
building and including when the corridor is an open air access balcony with open stairs. 60m
maximum between exits.
每个楼层应该具有至少两个互相远离的疏散设施而且从任何房间内的门到到最近出口的
行程距离不应超过 30 米，这是指在具有充分喷淋的建筑物内并且包括走廊是带有敞开
楼梯的户外阳台的情况在内。两个出口距离最远 60 米。

Means of egress shall be arranged so that from any room, exits will be accessible in at least two
directions, except that a dead-end corridor up to 15m is permitted in new construction where
the building is fitted with a fully automated sprinkler system.
任何房间出门后必须至少有两个方向可以疏散到安全出口，除了新建的酒店已拥有充分
的自动喷淋系统可以允许有不超过 15 米的袋形走廊。

Stair widths shall be determined by occupancy load, but in no case less than 1200mm. Width of
doors leading into stairs shall be determined by occupant load but in no case less than 900mm.
Tread width minimum 280mm and riser maximum of 180mm.
楼梯的宽度应该由居住的负荷来决定，但是在任何情况下不得小于 1200 毫米。引向楼
梯的门的宽度应该由居住的负荷来决定，但是在任何情况下不得小于 900 毫米。踏板的
宽度最小为 280 毫米，而竖板最大为 180 毫米。

Minimum Width for"Primary corridors" must be 1.30m and for "secondary corridors" must be
1.10m.
“主走廊”的最小宽度应为 1.30 米，“次走廊”的最小宽度则应为 1.10 米.

Doors must open in the direction of travel and not impede movement of people descending
from a higher floor. Stairs in the same stairwell serving above and below exit levels must be
separated at exit level.
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门必须向行进方向打开并且不应阻止人们从较高楼层上向下的运动。在服务于上面和下
面安全出口平面的同一楼梯间内的楼梯必须在安全出口平面处分开。

Guests may not pass through a service area after leaving corridor or function room to reach the
stairs
住客可以在离开走廊或功能房以后不通过服务区域就到达楼梯。

Means of egress shall be adequately illuminated and provided with illuminated exit signs lit 24
hrs. Battery supplied emergency illumination shall be provided in case of power failure for a
minimum of 60 minutes. All exit and emergency lights shall be essentially supplied. Local
testing of emergency lighting operation shall be 30 seconds monthly and 60 minutes half-yearly.
疏散设施应该具有适当的照明并且配备有 24 小时点亮的安全出口符号。应该配备在电
源故障的情况下可以使用最少 60 分钟的电池供电紧急照明。所有安全出口和紧急灯光
都应该加以配备。工程部对应急照明需进行每月 30 秒及半年 60 分钟的测试。

At least half of the required exit stairs from upper floors shall discharge directly to the exterior
or through passageways with protected openings.
至少一半从上面楼层下来的所需安全出口楼梯应该直接排放到外部或通过带有保护开口
的通道。

Corridors shall be sprinklered and long corridors shall be divided with smoke doors on
automatic smoke detector activated holders. Each division should have access to a fire stair.
各走廊应该都有喷淋而长走廊则应按自动烟感器固定架的情况用防烟门加以分开。每个
部分都应该有通向防火楼梯的进出口。

Rooms or spaces accommodating more than 50 persons (75m2) must have an alternative exit
route.
2
可以容纳多于 50 人（75m ）的房间或空间必须具有一条变通的安全出口路线。
b) Exit Travel Distance and Dead-end Limits 安全出口行程距离和尽头极限

Type of Occupancy
占用类型
Dead-End Limit
尽头极限
Assembly 集结场所
6.1m
6.1 米
Distance of travel between
exits (Fully Sprinklered
Building*)
出口之间的间距（喷淋充分
布置的建筑物）
60m* (see note1)
60 米（参见注 1）
Guest Floors 客房楼层
15m fully sprinklered
15 米充分布置喷淋
60m* (see note1)
60 米（参见注 1）
Existing Guest Floors
现有客房楼层
Re-branded properties
重新挂牌酒店
15m fully sprinklered
15 米充分布置喷淋
15m fully sprinklered
15 米充分布置喷淋
60m* (see note1)
60 米（参见注 1）
Un-sprinklered building such
as a building under four
stories in height (see note
below)没有喷淋的建筑物，
如高度 在四 层以下 的建 筑
物（参见下面注解）
8m
8米
30m (see note1)
30 米（参见注 1）
All IHG Hotels are to be fully sprinklered unless approved by SVP, Design and Engineering.
除非经过 SVP，设计及工程部部批准，所有 IHG 酒店都应充分布置有喷淋。
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1
Each guestroom floor will have a minimum of 2 emergency exits remote from each other. Where
two exits or exit access doors are required they shall be placed a distance apart equal to not less
than one-half the length of the maximum line between exits. ie. 30m.
1
每个客房楼层具有最少 2 个互相远离的紧急安全出口。在需要两个安全出口或安全出口
进出门时它们之间的距离应该等于或不小于安全出口之间最大线路长度的一半，即 30m。
7.5.2
ESCAPE SYSTEM COMPONENTS 逃生系统的组成部分
The exit access is the portion of the means of egress which leads to an exit. Items to be considered are
the number of exits to which access is provided, capacity of exit access, travel distance to an exit,
protection of the exit access, the obviousness of the direction to an exit, and security issues involved.
安全出口通路是疏散设施中通向安全出口的部分。需要考虑的问题是由该通路提供的安全出口
数目，安全出口通路的容量，到达安全出口的行程距离，安全出口通路的保护，通向安全出口
方向的明显程度，以及所涉及的安全问题。
The exit is that portion of a means of egress which is separated from all other spaces of the building
by construction or equipment to provide a protected way of travel to the exit discharge. Items to be
considered are capacity, ease of access, obviousness, protective enclosures, and security issues.
安全出口是疏散设施中由构造或设备同楼宇所有其它场所分离的部分，它可以提供一条通向安
全出口疏散处的安全路线。需要考虑的问题是容量，通行的方便性，明显性，保护围墙，和安
全问题。
The exit discharge is that portion of a means of egress between the termination of an exit and a public
way. Items to be considered are capacity, location, obviousness, protective enclosures, and security
issues.
安全出口疏散处是疏散设施中安全出口终止处同公共通路之间的部分。需要考虑的问题是容
量，地点，明显性，保护围墙，和安全问题。
In order to ensure that each element of the means of egress can be effectively utilized, they must all be
properly lighted and marked. Lighting must be provided for halls, stairwells, and other spaces which
are part of this system, with emergency generator back-up in case of power failures. Also, exit signs of
adequate size, marking, location, and lighting must be provided so that all those unfamiliar with the
location of the exits may safely find their way. Emergency power must be available for these and
other items associated with the fire defence plan for the hotel.
为了保证疏散设施中的每个单元都能被有效地利用，它们必须全部具有适当的照明和标记。作
为系统一部分的大厅，楼梯间，和其它场所都必须具有照明，并且带有在电力故障情况下的紧
急备用发电机。同样，还必须提供大小适当的安全出口符号，标记，位置，和照明，以便所有
不熟悉安全出口位置的人员可以安全地寻找到它们的路线。和酒店防火计划结合在这些和其它
问题都必须有紧急电力可供应用。
7.5.2.1 Exit Access System 安全出口通路系统
The first key element to escape from a building is the "exit access" system. "Exit access" is usually a
defined, protected route (corridor) to an "exit".
从建筑物内逃生的首个关键要素是“安全出口通路”系统。“安全出口通路”通常是一条确定
的，受到保护的通往一个“安全出口”的通道（走廊）。
The elements of "exit access" are:
“安全出口通路”的要素：
1. Provide two independent directions to two separate "exits".
提供两个独立通向两个单独“安全出口”的方向。
2.
Provide sufficient width (people capacity) to permit prompt travel to the "exit".
提供充分的宽度（人员容量）从而允许迅速地通往“安全出口”。
3.
Provide protection against heat and contaminants during the time required to reach the "exit".
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在到达“安全出口”所需的时间内提供抵抗热量和污染物的保护。
7.5.2.2 Exit Access Capacity 安全出口通路的容量
The width of corridors, aisles, or ramps required for exit access must be sufficient to ensure a smooth
flow of occupants to the "exit" system. A minimum width of 120cm at the narrowest point of exit
access is required in assembly, business and residential occupancies. Where a corridor is the only way
of access to an exit, the corridor width shall not be less than the exit width. Handrails may project
inside the measured width not more than 9cm.
用于安全出口通路的走廊，过道，或坡道的宽度必须充分保障居住者通往“安全出口”系统的
平稳流动。在集结区，商务区和居住区域内所需的出口通路最狭窄点的最小宽度为 120 厘米。
当走廊是唯一通往安全出口的通路时，走廊宽度应该不小于安全出口宽度。扶手可以朝内突向
所测宽度不大于 9 厘米。
Careful control of built-in objects in "exit access" corridors is also important in maintaining the
required clear width of this system. This may result in the necessity to recess ice or soda machines into
the walls to maintain the minimum width. On the other hand, such recessed spaces along corridors
shall be minimal; space needed for storage and other uses shall be in individual rooms, separated from
other parts of the building by fire resistive walls, floors, and ceilings.
仔细控制“出口通路”上的一些内置式物体对维持这一系统所需的净宽度也是很重要的。这可
能需要将制冰机和碳酸水机器凹入到墙壁之内以保持最小宽度。另一方面，沿着走廊的这类凹
入空间应该尽量少，储藏和其它用途所需空间应该放在单独房间内，同楼宇的其它部分用防火
墙，地板，和天花板分开。
The clear width of exit access corridors shall not be reduced by the storage of tables, chairs, food
service carts or housekeeping materials. The designer shall keep in mind the overall functional
requirements of the hotel with respect to housekeeping activities, food service, the set-up and
operation of function rooms, etc. The overall design objective shall be to provide for the most efficient
possible day-to-day operating functions with minimal impact on exit ways which may be needed at the
time of an emergency.
安全出口通路走廊的净宽度应该不被桌子，椅子，食品服务小车或家务管理材料的存放而减
少。设计师应该记住关于家务管理活动，食品服务，功能房间的设置和操作等酒店的全面功能
要求。全面设计的目标应该是能提供最有效的日常运行功能但是对紧急情况下可能需要的安全
出口通道的冲击却是最小的。
Consideration for storage needs on each floor is an especially important issue in a hotel occupancy.
The need for temporary storage of portable beds, laundry hampers, and the like, on guest room floors
as well as banquet room furniture on ballroom and function room levels, is imperative.
每一楼层上对储藏需要的考虑是酒店使用场所的一个特殊重要问题。对于在客房楼层上暂时储
存轻便床，洗衣篮和类似物品的需要和舞厅和功能房内暂时储藏宴会厅设备的需要，都是势在
必行的。
7.5.2.3 Distance of Travel and Exit Separation 行程的距离和安全出口分离
Once a person enters the "exit access" system, the distance to be travelled to reach an "exit" shall be
limited.
一旦有人进入“安全出口通路”系统，到达“安全出口”所要行进的距离应该受到限制。
It is also important to limit the length of travel in dead end corridors. In new construction, these
distances are not to exceed 9m* in new builds and 15 metres in re-branded hotels. Re-branded hotels
only shall be allowed to have dead end corridors greater than 9m* and shall be required to install fire
compartment doors on hold open devices to reduce the effective dead end limit to the approval of the
SVP Design and Construction – Asia Pacific.
限制在尽头走廊中的行进长度也是很重要的。在新构造中，这些距离对新建酒店不要超过 9 米
*，而对重建酒店不超过 15 米。根据 SVP 设计和施工-亚洲太平洋分部的批准重建酒店只应该
允许具有大于 9 米的尽头走廊并且需要安装带有保持打开装置的防火隔间门来减少有效尽头的
极限。
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In order to ensure that guests and employees can exit safely, access to two separate exits is required. A
person must have the option of turning around and finding a way to a second exit if access to the first
exit is blocked. The intent is to prevent one fire from compromising both exits at the same time.
为了保证客人和员工能够安全地撤出，需要有通向两个单独安全出口的通路。如果通向第一个
安全出口的通路堵塞，人们必须可以选择转回并找到一条路通向第二个安全出口。意图是预防
火灾同时危及两个安全出口的安全。
Where two exits or exit access doors are required, they shall be placed a distance apart equal to not
less than one-half the length of the maximum line between exits.
在需要两个安全出口或安全出口通路门的场合，它们之间的距离应该不小于安全出口之间最大
路线长度的一半。
Where more than two exits or exit access doors are required, at least two of the required exits or exit
access doors shall be so arranged to comply with the above.
在需要多于两个安全出口或安全出口通路门的场合，至少所需的安全出口或安全出口通路门中
的两个应该布置成符合于上述规定。
* Exception – Dead ends up to 15m permitted in Greater China for new construction, conversion and
re-branding projects.
例外 – 大中华区的新建、改建及重新挂牌项目的袋形走廊长度不可超过 15 米。
尽头走廊限制
安全出口的合适分离
7.5.2.4 Exit Protection 安全出口保护
Separating exits, providing adequate capacity, and limiting travel distances will only be useful for
exiting purposes if the "exit access" corridors are protected from untenable atmospheres. Enclosure
and protection are important design parameters.
如果“安全出口通路”走廊要得到保护免于受无约束大气的影响，那么可以提供合适容量的并
且可以限制行程距离的分离安全出口对于安全撤出的目的来说将是唯一可用的。围墙和保护是
重要的设计参数。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
The "exit access" system shall be a compartment separated from other parts of the building by fire
resistive wall, floor and ceiling construction. It is important that products of combustion from fire in
an adjacent room or compartment be kept out of the atmosphere of the "exit access" compartment.
“安全出口通路”系统应该是由防火墙，地板和天花板构造同酒店其它部分分开的隔间。重要
的是相邻房间或隔间内火灾燃烧的产物不得进入“安全出口通路”隔间的大气之中。
Corridor walls shall have a fire resistance rating of at least one hour. The corridor walls shall extend
from floor slab to floor slab and guest room corridor doors shall be at least 20 minute. They shall be
solid, bonded wood core, equipped with self-closing and latching devices, 44 mm thick shall be
acceptable. All fire rated doors shall be provided with certificates and/or tags. The doors shall be
certified with all hinges, locks, privacy bars, door viewers fitted.
走廊墙壁应该具有至少一个小时的防火级别。走廊墙壁应该从楼板延伸到楼板而且客房走廊门
应该至少是 20 分钟的防火级别。它们应该是结实的、粘结木芯，配备有自身闭合和闭锁装
置，44 毫米厚应该是可接受的。所有防火级别的门都应该配有证明和/或标记。门应该验明具
有全部铰链、锁、保密条、门上视察器。
Another important factor in the protection of the "exit access" is the interior finish used in the
corridors. If products of combustion penetrate into the corridor, the flame spread characteristics of the
finishes will determine how quickly the fire may spread.
在“安全出口通路”保护上的另一个重要因素是走廊上使用的内部末道漆。如果燃烧的产物渗
入走廊，末道漆的火焰散布特性将决定火灾散布的快速程度。
7.5.2.5 Exit Access Identification 安全出口通路的判别
Once in the "exit access" system, occupants must be able to easily identify the way to protected exit
enclosures. Exit signs shall be provided such that no point in an exit access is more than 30 m from
a visible exit directional sign. An exit sign indicating the direction to an exit shall be provided at all
changes in direction.
一旦进入“安全出口通路“系统，居住者必须能容易地判别出通向受保护的安全出口围墙。所
提供的安全出口符号应该使安全出口通路中没有一个地点到可视的安全出口方向信号的距离大
于 30 米。在所有变换方向处都应该具备安全出口符号指明通向安全出口的方向。
Exit signs must be installed and must be visible in all exit or exit doors.
所有场所应在显而易见的位置安装出口标识。
Escape directional signs must be installed at high level and at any changing direction located on the
means of escape.
在所有场所逃生通道上改变方向的地方应设置逃生方向指示牌，并且应设在高位。
Exit signs are not required in guestrooms, rooms accommodating less than 50 people and small store
room with less than 50sq.m.
客房、容纳人数小于 50 人的房间和面积小于 50 平方米的小储藏室皆不需要设置安全出口标
志。
Exit signs shall be provided in international pictographic symbols. Exit signs indicating the nearest
exit shall be placed in elevator lobbies and at the entrance to escalators unless the location of an exit is
obvious. Exits signs shall be illuminated 24 hrs a day.
安全出口符号应该是国际象形文字符号。指明最近安全出口的安全出口符号应该放置在电梯大
厅和自动扶梯的入口处，除非该安全出口的位置是很明显的。安全出口符号应该每天照明 24
小时。
Low level exit signs shall be provided on each door to an exit stairwell from a corridor for new
construction or major renovations. The bottom of the sign shall be 15.2 cm to 20.3 cm above the floor.
对于新构造和主要的革新构造，从走廊到安全出口楼梯间的每一扇门都应该有低位的安全出口
符号。符号的底部应该在地板之上 15.2 厘米到 20.3 厘米。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Access to exits must be marked by readily visible signs in all cases where the exit or the way to reach
it is not immediately obvious. The signs shall have letters and symbols at least 15cm high with the
principal strokes of letters not less than 1.91cm wide. The letter width shall be not less than 5cm
except the letter "I" and spacing between letters shall be at least 1 cm. The primary colour for exit
signs is green.
在安全出口或到达安全出口的通道不是非常明显时在所有情况下通向安全出口的通路必须是由
肉眼看见的符号做出标记。符号应该具有至少 15 厘米高的文字和符号而文字的主要笔划不小
于 1.91 厘米宽。除了字母“I”之外字母的宽度应该不小于 5 厘米而字母之间的间隔应该至少
是 1 厘米。安全出口符号的主要颜色是绿色。
Both the colour and design of exit signs shall be consistent throughout the facility. The selection of
colour and design shall consider the colour and decoration scheme of the hotel to achieve the
maximum possible contrast between the sign and its surroundings so that it can be easily located and
understood. Externally illuminated signs shall be illuminated by not less than 54 lux and shall employ
a contrast ratio of not less than 0.5.
在整个设施中安全出口符号的颜色和设计都应该是一致的。颜色和设计的选择应该考虑到酒店
的颜色和装饰以达到在符号和周围环境之间具有最大可能的反差从而可以容易地找到和了解该
符号。外部照明的符号应该用不少于 54 勒可斯（lux）来照明而且应该使用的反差比率不小于
0.5。
The visibility of an internally illuminated sign shall be equivalent to that of an externally illuminated
sign meeting the preceding requirements.
内部照明符号的可视度应该等同于能满足上述要求的外部照明符号的可视度。
7.5.3
Protected Means of Escape 逃生的保护措施
The second key element of the escape system in the hotel is the "exit" system itself. The "exit" is the
place where a person is in a space of relative safety which leads to the outside.
酒店中逃生系统的第二个关键要素就是“安全出口”本身。“安全出口”是从人们所在场所引
导向外界的比较安全的一个空间。
The elements of an "exit" are: 安全出口的要素是
1. Located so it can be easily reached by occupants on each floor.
它的位置能够被每一楼层的居住者很容易到达。
2.
Provide sufficient width and arrangement to encourage smooth people flow. Clear exit width must
be a minimum of 900mm.
能提供足够的宽度和安排而促进人们平稳的流动。出口净宽必须保证最少 900 毫米。
3.
Provide protection against heat and contaminants during the time required to reach the "exit
discharge" level.
在到达“安全出口疏散”平面所需的时间内能提供保护不受热量和污染物的影响。
Exits which serve to allow a building occupant to pass into an area of relative safety include an exit
stairwell, a door which leads directly to the outside or a horizontal exit. A horizontal exit is a door in a
fire wall which allows a person to pass through to a place of refuge.
用来允许楼宇的居住者通往比较安全区域的安全出口应该包括一个安全出口楼梯间，和一扇导
向外界或水平安全出口的门。水平安全出口是一扇在防火墙上的门，它允许人们通过通向一个
避难场所。
7.5.3.1 Capacity 容量
Each floor of every building and each fire area on each floor requires at least two independent exits, as
mentioned earlier. In spaces with occupant loads greater than 500, more than two exits are required as
a minimum.
每幢楼宇的每个楼层和每个楼层上的防火区域至少需要两个独立的安全出口，正如上文中所
述。对于居住者负荷大于 500 的场所，最少需要两个以上的安全出口。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
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At least two exits remote from each other are needed on guest room floors and from any space
designed to contain over 50 people and from any mezzanine designed to accommodate over 10
people.
在客房楼层上至少需要两个互相远离的安全出口，可以容纳 50 人以上的任何场所以及设计成
容纳 10 人以上的夹层都需要两个远离的安全出口。
"Exit capacity" is the number of people that can pass through an opening. The total capacity of all the
exits serving a floor or a fire area on the floor must be sufficient to accommodate the entire
population.
“安全出口”容量是可以通过开口的人数。用于每个楼层或楼层上防火区域的所有安全出口的
总容量必须能充分适应全部人数。
"Exit capacity" is expressed in terms of egress width per occupant. Each unit of exit width provides
capacity for an additional occupant. Credit is given for incremental increases in the exit width.
“安全出口容量”是以每个居住者的撤出宽度来表示的。安全出口宽度的每个单位可以为增加
的居住者提供容量。对安全出口宽度可以给以增量式增加。
For example, if a doorway measures in clear width, it would be defined as providing 240 egress width
units or exit capacity for 240 occupants. 91.4 cm / 0.38 cm per occupant = number of occupants].
例如，如果以静宽度来计量门道，它可以定义为能提供 240 撤出宽度单位或 240 居住者出口容
量。[91.4 厘米/每个居住者 0.38 厘米=居住者数目]。
The total capacity provided by the exits must equal or exceed the maximum number of people
(population) expected on any one floor or in any given fire area at any one time. The population of the
facility can be calculated based upon nominal sq m per person.
各个安全出口提供的总容量必须等于或超过任一楼层上或任一给定防火区域内在任何时间的最
大期望人（人口）数。设施的人口可以根据一般的每人平方米来计算。
When measuring doorways, stairwells and other exit components, the total capacity of the entire
system is based upon the minimum capacity available from any part of the system. Consider the
situation of doors opening to an exit stairwell. If the stairwell provides an exit capacity of 226 persons,
and the doors leading into the stairwell provide an exit capacity of 300 persons, the exit system would
be considered to provide the minimum exit capacity of 226 persons afforded by the stairwell.
在测量门道，楼梯间和其它安全出口组成部分时，整个系统的总容量是基于该系统任何部分可
提供的最小容量。让我们考虑一下开向楼梯间的一些门的情况。如果楼梯间提供的安全出口容
量为 226 人，而导向楼梯间的各门的安全出口容量为 300 人，则可以认为安全出口系统可以提
供的最小安全出口容量为楼梯间所给出的 226 人。
The following table contains several examples of how to calculate the population of a building and the
exit capacity needed to accommodate that population.
下表中包含了几个例子，说明如何计算楼宇的人口及为了疏散该人口所需的安全出口容量。
7.5.3.2 Minimum Number of Exits 安全出口的最小数目
Occupants of Room
房间内的人数
Minimum Number of Separate and Remote
Exits
分开的和远离的安全出口的最小数目
Over 大于 1,000
4 Exits 安全出口
501 - 1,000
3 Exits 安全出口
51 - 500
2 Exits 安全出口
50 – Less 更少
1 Exit 安全出口
Adapted from Table 1018.1 ICC International Building Codes 2003
采用自 ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003 表 1018.1
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
7.5.3.3 Egress Capacity for All Occupancies 所有入住者的撤出容量
Egress Component
撤出组成
Egress Width per Occupant
每个居住者撤出宽度
Stairs 楼梯
0. 51 cm/person 人
Doors, Ramps or Corridors
0.38 cm/person 人
门、坡道或走廊
* Complete automatic sprinkler protection assumed.假设具有全自动喷淋保护
Adapted from ICC International Building Codes 2003
采用自 ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003
7.5.3.4 Occupant Load (Population Density) 入住客负荷（人口密度）
Floor Area in Square Meters Per Occupant*
以每位入住者平方米计的楼层面积
Use
用途
ASSEMBLY 集结处
With fixed seats 带有固定座位的
Concentrated (chairs only, not fixed)
集中的（只用椅子，不固定）
Un-concentrated (tables and chairs)
非集中的（桌子和椅子）
BUSINESS, OFFICES 商务，办公室
Limited to number of fixed seats 限制固定座位数
目
0.7 sq m per person 平方米每人
1.4 sq m per person 平方米每人
9.3 sq m per person 平方米每人
RETAIL 小卖部
Basement and grade floors 地下室和坡度楼
层
All other floors 所有其它楼层
HOTEL (RESIDENTIAL)酒店（居住的）
9.3 sq m per person 平方米每人
5.6 sq m per person 平方米每人
18.6 sq m per person 平方米每人
PARKING 停车场
18.6 sq m per person 平方米每人
AREA OF REFUGE**避难区域
0.3 sq m per person 平方米每人
*
Gross floor area is the area within the inside perimeter of the outside walls of the facility
with no reduction for hallways, cores, closets, wall thicknesses, etc.
总楼层面积是设施外墙内周之内的面积，并不减去走廊，中心，壁橱，墙厚等。
Net floor area is the actual occupied floor area, not including accessory unoccupied areas or
wall thicknesses.
净楼层面积是实际占用楼层面积，不包括附属空闲面积或墙壁厚度。
** Floor area on either side of a horizontal exit.水平安全出口任一侧的楼层面积。
Adapted from 2003, ICC International Building Codes 2003
采用自 2003，ICC 国际建筑物法规 2003
7.5.3.5 Horizontal Exits 水平安全出口
A horizontal exit is normally a door through a fire wall to an area of refuge in the building. Horizontal
exits have several advantages:
水平安全出口一般是一扇穿过防火墙通向楼宇中避难区域的门。水平安全出口具有几个优点：
*
A horizontal exit further compartmentalizes each floor.
水平安全出口使每个楼层进一步分隔化。
*
It conveniently reduces travel distance to reach an exit.
它方便地减少了到达安全出口的行程距离。
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
*
It often decreases the number of required exit stairwells - thus increasing net useable space.
它常常可以减少所需的安全出口楼梯间数目- 从而增加了净可用空间。
*
It does not require vertical stair travel - which is more difficult than horizontal travel (especially
for some persons with physical disabilities).
它并不需要垂直的楼梯行程 - 它要比水平行程困难得多。
There are several unique aspects of horizontal exit utilisation which must be mentioned. Horizontal
exits may be considered part of the exit system and they are given credit for providing "exit capacity".
However, at least half of the exit capacity from a given fire area must be provided by exit stairwells or
doors to the exterior.
水平安全出口的利用有着几个必须提及的独特方面。水平安全出口可以考虑为安全出口系统的
一部分并且被认为可以提供“安全出口容量”。然而，至少来自给定防火区域安全出口容量的
一半是由安全出口楼梯间或通向外部的门提供的。
Also, the floor area on either side of the horizontal exit must be sufficiently large to hold the
occupants of both floor areas, calculated at a maximum loading of 0.3 sq m of clear floor area per
person.
同样，水平安全出口任一侧的楼层面积必须足够大，能够容纳两者楼层面积的居住者，它是以
每人净楼层面积为 0.3 平方米的最大负荷来计算的。
The use of horizontal exits presumes that the required "refuge space" on the non-fire side of the
horizontal exit will be available for people to escape into. If the refuge space is in an area contiguous
to storage or function rooms, horizontal exits shall be used with discretion. The designer shall keep in
mind the variable space requirements during the day-to-day use of the hotel. If it is reasonable to
expect that some of the clear space might be congested or otherwise used on a periodic basis, such
space shall not be assumed to be available for refuge and exiting purposes. The refuge space should
also be isolated through proper compartmentation methods from other floors above or below the area
of refuge.
使用水平安全出口的假设条件是水平安全出口非火灾一侧的“避难空间”可以用于人们的逃生
进入。如果避难空间是在邻近于储藏或功能房间的区域，那么就应该谨慎使用水平安全出口。
设计师应该记住酒店日常用途中的各种各样的空间要求。如果某些净空间会很拥挤或周期性使
用而且这种情况是合理的话，那么这类空间就不应该用于避难和安全出口的目的。避难空间也
应该使用适当隔间化方法同避难区域上下其它楼层隔离。
7.5.4
Marking of Exits 安全出口的标记
Once in the "exit" system, occupants of the hotel must be able to easily get to the level of exit
discharge. This requires adequate marking of the exit system.
一旦在“安全出口”系统之内，酒店的居住者必须能方便地到达安全出口疏散的平面。这就需
要对安全出口系统做出合适的标记。
All doors in the "exit" shall be marked by readily visible signs. Any door or stairwell which is not an
exit, but could be mistaken for an exit, shall be identified by a sign indicating either its actual
character or that it is not an exit. For example, if the stairwell continues past the level of exit
discharge, there shall be a sign indicating the proper level of stairwell exiting. A railing or other
barrier shall be provided to guide people out the correct door.
“安全出口”所有的门上都应该标记有容易看见的符号。任何一扇不是安全出口，但是可能被
误认为是安全出口的门或楼梯间， 都应该用符号加以判别，指出其实际特性或指出其并非安
全出口。例如，如果楼梯间连续地通过安全出口疏散的平面，那就应该有能指出楼梯间安全出
口具体平面的符号。应该提供栏杆或栅栏引导人们从正确的门撤出。
Signs shall be installed inside the stairwells clearly identifying the floor level, and the floor of exit
shall be clearly marked in luminous paint.
符号应该安装在楼梯间之内清楚地指明楼层平面，而且安全出口的楼层应该用发亮漆做出标记
7.5.4.1 Protection 保护
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Providing sufficient capacity to exit all occupants of the hotel will be of little use if the exits can not
stand up to a fire long enough to allow persons to safely exit the facility.
如果安全出口不能有足够的时间来抵抗火灾使人们安全地撤出该设施的话，对撤出酒店所有居
住者提供充分的容量几乎是无用的。
Horizontal exit barriers protecting areas of refuge shall have a fire resistance rating of at least 2 hours.
Doors in these barriers shall be self or automatic closing, 1-1/2 hour fire rated assemblies.
对避难区域起保护作用的水平安全出口屏障应该具有至少 2 小时的防火级别。这些屏障上的门
应该是自身或自动闭合的，并具有 1-1/2 小时的防火级别。
The protection required for stairwells varies with the height of the buildings. For all stairwells greater
than three stories in height, the shaft must be separated from all other parts of the facility by
construction having a fire resistance rating of at least 2 hours. For stairwells three stories or less in
height, the shaft must be separated from all other parts of the facility by construction having a fire
resistance rating of at least 1 hour.
楼梯间所需的保护随着楼宇高度而变化。对所有高度大于三层的楼梯间，楼梯井必须用具有防
火级别至少为 2 小时的构造同设施的其它部分分开。对高度为三层或更低的楼梯间，楼梯井必
须用具有防火级别至少为 1 小时的构造同设施的其它部分分开。
The doors in exit enclosures (not including doors to the exterior) must have fire resistance rating such
that the intended performance of the enclosure is maintained.
安全出口围墙上的门（不包括通向外部的门）必须具有能体现围墙意图性能的防火级别。
All doors must swing in the direction of exit travel. For horizontal exits, if a pair of doors is used, the
right hand door (if not both) shall swing in the direction of exit travel, unless local authorities dictate
otherwise. Dimensions of landings are referred to elsewhere.
所有的门必须朝向安全出口行进方向摆动。如果在水平安全出口中使用一对门，右面的门（否
则就两者）应该朝向安全出口行进方向摆动，除非当地权力机构另有规定。楼梯平台的尺寸请
参阅另处。
Fire Resistance Ratings of Exit Enclosures 安全出口围墙的防火级别
Exit Type 安全出口类型
Construction Ratings 构造的防火级别
Door 门
Horizontal 水平的
2 hour barrier from floor slab to floor
slab and outside wall to outside wall
1-1/2 Hour Assembly
1-1/2 小时装配件
从楼板到楼板和从外墙到外墙 2 小时
屏障
Stair towers greater than
three stories
大于三层的楼梯塔
Stair towers three stories or
less
三层或更低的楼梯塔
Continuous shaft construction equal to
2 hour fire rating or more 等于 2 小时
或更高防火级别的连续楼梯井构造
1-1/2 Hour Assembly
Continuous shaft construction equal to 1
hour fire rating or more 等于 1 小时或更
高防火级别的连续楼梯井构造
1 Hour Assembly
1-1/2 小时装配件
1 小时装配件
* Complete automatic sprinkler protection assumed.假设具有全自动喷淋保护。
Adapted from the 1990 BOCA National Building Code and 1991 NFPA Standard 101 "Life Safety
Code".
采用自 1990BOCA 国家建筑物法规和 1991NFPA 101 标准“生命安全法规”
7.5.4.2 Dimensions 尺寸
There are certain minimum dimensional requirements for stairwells and ramps that are part of the
means of egress "exit" system. These include widths, headroom, landings, treads, riser, ramp slopes,
door swing clearances, and handrails.
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作为撤退“安全出口”系统手段一部分的楼梯间和坡道有着一定的最小尺寸要求。它们包括宽
度，净空高度，楼梯平台，踏板升板，坡道斜度，门的摆动间隙，以及扶手。
Landings shall be sized such that the door swing arc will not reduce the width of the landing to less
than one half of its required width. The landing shall be at least as wide as the required width of the
stairwell. When the door is fully open, it shall not project more than 18 cm onto the stairwell landing.
楼梯平台的尺寸应该确定得使门的摆动圆弧将该平台的宽度小于它所需要宽度的一半。平台至
少应该像楼梯间所需宽度那样宽。当门被全部打开时，它在楼梯间平台上的突出不应该大于
18 厘米。
7.5.4.3 Security 保安
The hotel must ensure that its guests and employees are as safe as possible from the threat of robbery
and vandalism as well as the threat of fire.
酒店必须保证其客人和员工在抢劫和破坏以及火灾的威胁方面是尽可能安全的。
It is mandatory that all stairwells be operable in a fire situation. All exit doors serving assembly spaces
with occupant loads in excess of 100 persons shall be provided with panic hardware and be operable at
all times by building occupants.
必须强制规定的是在火灾情况下所有的楼梯间都是可操作的。超过 100 人居住者负载的集结场
合的安全出口门应该配备紧急硬件并且在任何时间都可由建筑物的居住者操作。
All fire escape stairwell doors shall remain unlocked and open from the stairwell side. In some special
cases where security is of a concern these doors shall be provided with electrical devices which will
automatically unlock all stairwell doors upon activation of heat or smoke detectors, sprinkler water
flow sensors or manual pull stations. Also, an unlocking switch shall be provided at the Fire
Command Centre and the front desk of the hotel. The locks shall also unlock upon power failure.
所有消防逃生楼梯间的门都应该不加锁并且要从楼梯间一侧打开。在某些特殊情况下，涉及到
保安时这些门应该普遍装有电气装置可以根据热量或烟感器，喷淋水流传感器或手动拉动站的
作用自动地将全部楼梯间的门解锁。同样，在消防指挥中心和酒店的前台上也应该具备解锁开
关。在电力故障时各个锁也都应该解开。
No door, leading to the exterior from a required exit or exit stairwell, shall be locked from the interior.
Where, for security reasons, re-entry from the exterior is not desirable, exit doors shall be designed
with panic hardware only on the interior side. Such doors may also be provided with an audible alarm
system (reed switch), monitored by the Security Department (if so desired) to alert security personnel
in the event of unauthorized opening of the door. Under no circumstances are fire exits allowed to be
locked. They should always be operable in the direction of egress. It is strongly recommended that
potential safety/security conditions be thoroughly analyzed during the design of the facility and
compensating measures be included in the design.
从所需的安全出口或安全出口楼梯间通向外部的门不应该从内部被锁住。有些场合，为了保安
原因，不希望从外部再进入，安全出口门应该设计成只在内部带有紧急硬件。这类门也可以配
备声音报警系统（簧片开关），由保安部门监控如果发现门被非授权打开时就向保安人员发出
警报。在任何情况下都不许锁住消防安全出口。它们在撤退方向上始终应该是可操作的。强烈
建议在设计应该包括的设施和补充措施时要彻底地分析潜在的安全/保安条件。
Internal exit doors on escape routes must be operable from both sides.
内部逃生门应可由双向开启。
All exit doors in BOH areas where can access to outdoor directly must be equipped with push bar lock
and their signal can feedback to fire control center.
所有可直通往室外的非营业场所的出口门应安装推杆锁，其状态应在消防控制中心反映。
7.5.4.4 Stairwell and Ramp Dimension Requirements 楼梯间和坡道尺寸要求
Item 项目
Stair 楼梯
Ramp**坡道
Width 宽度
120 cm
120cm
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Headroom (min.)净空高度
2.03 m
2.03 m
Landing Width (min.)平台宽度
120 cm
Rise between landings (max.)
3.66 m
0.76 m (no limit if slope is less than 1 in 20
or less)（如斜率为 20:1 或更小则不限
制）
112 cm
1.52 m
平台间上升
Landing Length (min.)平台长度
Ramp Slope (max.)坡道斜率
1 in 12
Tread Width (min.)踏板宽度
28 cm
Riser Height (max.)升板高度
18 cm
12 比 1
8.9 cm
8.9 cm
Handrail Projection (max.)扶手
突出
86.4 cm
86.4 cm
Handrail Height (min.) 扶 手 高
度
* 96.5 cm
*96.5 cm
Handrail Height (max.) 扶 手 高
度
90 cm
90 cm
Door Width (min.)门宽
Adapted from 1990 BOCA National Building Code and 1991 NFPA Standard Number 101 "Life
Safety Code" and IHG Brand Safety Standard 2010
采用自 1990BOCA 国家建筑物法规和 1991NFPA 101 标准“生命安全法规”和洲际酒店集
团品牌安全标准 2010
* 106.7 cm if part of guard
如果部分罩板
** Slopes 1 in 20 or less are not considered ramps.
斜率 20:1 或更小不作坡道考虑
Stairs are provided with hand rail(s) per Chinese code.
楼梯需安装扶手(符合中国标准）。
7.5.4.5 Exit Discharge System 安全出口疏散系统
The final key element of the escape system in the hotel is the "exit discharge" system. "Exit discharge"
is usually the route from an exit to the outside of the building.
酒店中最终的关键要素是“安全出口疏散”系统。“安全出口疏散”通常是从安全出口通向酒
店外部的通道。
The elements of "exit discharge" are:“安全出口疏散”的要素是
1.
Provide sufficient width and arrangement to permit smooth people flow to the outside. Clear exit
width must be a minimum of 900mm.
能提供足够的宽度和安排而促进人们平稳的流动。出口净宽必须不少于 900 毫米。
2.
Provide protection against heat and contaminants during the time required to reach the outside.
在到达外部所需的时间内能提供保护不受热量和污染物的影响。
7.5.4.6 Capacity 容量
Once people are moving down a stairwell or ramp or across an open lobby space at grade level,
provisions must be made to get them outside of the facility.
一旦人们沿着楼梯间或坡道向下运动或穿过坡度平面处的敞开大厅空间，必须做好准备使他们
到达设施的外部。
Again, capacity is based on the number of people who can pass through an opening, and it is
expressed by the term egress width per occupant.
再次，容量是根据能够通过开口的人数来决定的，它是由每个居住者的撤出宽度来表示的。
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In all cases of "exit discharge", the clear width of the door opening is used to determine the exit
capacity of the opening.
在“安全出口疏散”的所有情况下，门开口的净宽度是用来决定开口的安全出口容量的。
The "exit discharge" doors must be sized such that they are equal to or greater than the capacity of the
"exit" system terminating at that door.
“安全出口疏散”门的大小必须这样来确定，即它们等于或大于在该门终端处“安全出口”系
统的容量。
There are cases where the door to the exterior leads to an exterior stairwell which leads to grade level.
In these cases, capacity through the discharge door must be compared with the capacity down the
exterior stairwell. The lesser of these two values is to be matched with the occupant loading that has
been determined for that exit.
有许多情况即通向外部的门可以导向一个通向坡度平面的外部楼梯间。在这些情况下，通过疏
散门的容量必须同向下到外部楼梯间的容量作比较。这两个数值中比较小的一个要同为该安全
出口所决定的居住者负荷相匹配。
7.5.4.7 Location 地点
"Exit discharge" doors are to be located at grade level, except when leading to an exterior stairwell
which leads to grade. Grade level exit discharge doors shall open onto permanently open and clear
outdoor space. Site design and well placed obstacles shall prevent the parking of cars or trucks (or
other obstructions) in exit discharge areas. At least one exit stairwell in buildings more than three
stories in height shall have doors opening onto the roof.
除了引导到通向坡度的外部楼梯间之外，“安全出口疏散”门要布置在坡度平面上。坡度平面
的安全出口疏散门应该打开到永久敞开和空旷的户外空间。场地设计和妥善放置的障碍物应该
能阻止轿车和货车停放在安全出口疏散区域。在高度大于三层的楼宇中至少一个安全出口楼梯
间应该有门可以打开到屋顶。
7.5.4.8 Enclosure 围墙
No fire ratings are required for doors leading directly to the exterior unless exposure hazards exist
from other buildings.
除非存在从其它楼宇过来的辐照危险，对直接导向外部的门不要求有防火级别。
Any exit that discharges into an interior vestibule which then discharges directly to the exterior must
be separated from the vestibule by self-closing doors. The vestibule, which may have maximum
dimensions of 6.1 m wide by 3 m deep, must be separated from the remainder of the exit discharge
level by self-closing doors and not less than the equivalent of .6 cm thick wired glass in steel frames.
任何疏散入内部门廊的安全出口，而后者又直接疏散通向外部，该安全出口必须用自身闭合的
门同门廊分开。可能具有最大尺寸为 6.1 米宽和 3 米深的门廊必须用自身闭合门和在钢框架内
的相当于 6 厘米厚的嵌丝玻璃同安全出口疏散平面的其它部分分开。
Except for atria, not more than 50 percent of the required exit capacity available by stairwells may
discharge into interior lobbies.
除了中庭以外，由楼梯间供应的不大于百分之五十的所需安全出口容量可以疏散入内部大厅。
7.5.4.9 Marking of Exit Discharge 安全出口疏散的标记
Once in the "exit" system, occupants of the hotel must be able to easily identify the level of exit
discharge. This requires adequate exit marking.
一旦在“安全出口”系统之中，酒店的居住者必须能判别安全出口疏散的平面。这就需要合适
的安全出口标记。
All doors out of the "exit" area must swing in the direction of exit travel and be marked by readily
visible signs. Any door in the "exit" which is not an "exit discharge" door, but could be mistaken for a
door to the exterior, shall be identified as not an exit.
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
离开“安全出口”的所有门必须朝安全出口行进方向摆动并且用容易看见的符号加以标记。在
“安全出口”中的任何不是“安全出口疏散”的门，但是能被误认为通向外部的门，应该予以
判明不是安全出口。
The level of "exit discharge" for the facility must also be clearly identified. If stairwells or ramps are
so arranged that they continue on down past the level of discharge, there shall be signs indicating the
proper level of discharge and barriers shall be provided to prevent passing the discharge level.
设施中的“安全出口疏散”平面必须能被清楚的判别。如果楼梯间或坡道的布置是连续向下通
过疏散的平面，就应该有符号指明正确的疏散平面并且应该配备屏障来防止通过疏散平面。
All markings indicating the level of "exit discharge" shall have letters at least 15 cm high and 2 cm
wide and be illuminated to a value of not less than 54 lumens/sq m measured at the surface of the sign.
所有的指明“安全出口疏散”平面的标记应该具有至少 15 厘米高和 2 厘米宽的文字并且在符
号表面处测得的照度数值应该不小于 54 流明(lumens)/平方米。
7.5.4.10 Security at Exit Discharge Doors 安全出口疏散门处的保安
Exit discharge doors shall be provided with panic hardware and must be operable at all times by
building occupants. Where this causes security problems, the doors shall be electrically monitored
such that a security alarm will sound at the door location and at a remote annunciator when the door is
opened.
安全出口疏散门应该配备紧急硬件并且必须在任何时间都可以由建筑物居住者操作。在形成保
安问题的场合，门应该被电气监控从而在门被打开时在门的位置上或遥控的报警器上就会响起
保安报警。
The local fire department shall be provided with the opportunity to carry standard door keys to help
them gain access into the building when needed during an emergency. In the alternative, door keys
could be made readily available by on-site senior key staff or the keys could be kept in a locked fire
department cabinet in the Fire Command Centre.
在紧急情况需要时当地消防部门应该提供机会可以携带标准门钥匙帮助他们获得通路进入建筑
物。作为选择方案，可以由带钥匙的现场高级职员迅速提供门钥匙或者钥匙可以保存在消防指
挥中心内的消防部门的加锁柜中。
7.5.5
LIGHTING, MARKING AND EMERGENCY POWER 照明、标记和紧急电力
Exit access, exits and exit discharge shall be properly identified, with adequate lighting maintained in
the elements of the egress systems so that guests and employees will be able to leave the facility
safely.
安全出口通路，安全出口和安全出口疏散都应该使用保持在撤退系统各单元中的合适照明来予
以妥当的判别从而使客人和员工都能够安全地离开设施。
7.5.5.1 Lighting 照明
Generator powered emergency lighting must be provided in all areas. (including all essential egress
routes, exit stairwells, corridors, F&B outlets, public assembly areas, staff areas, kitchens, laundry,
banquet facilities, ME plant rooms, one light in each guestroom vestibule, etc)
所有区域应安装由发电机供电的应急照明（供所有必须的疏散路线，出口楼梯，走廊，餐饮场
所，公共聚集区，员工区，厨房，洗衣房，宴会场所，机电工作间，每间客房门厅处的 1 盏灯
等)。
"Emergency lighting" must be provided on all exit routes, in stairwells, in public areas greater than
150sq ft. (15sq m) and assembly areas, and in areas where employees could be expected to work at.
所有出口通道、楼梯井、面积大于 150 平方英尺（15 平方米）的公共区域、聚集场所，及员工
可能在此工作的区域内都应安装“应急照明”。
The required lux level is an average of 10 lux at the floor level and a minimum of 1 lux at any point
其照明要求为在地面可提供平均照明亮度应为 10 流明，而任何地点的平均照明亮度最少是 1
流明。
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Required illumination shall be arranged such that the failure of any single lighting unit, such as the
burning out of an electric bulb, will not leave any area in darkness.
所需的照明亮度应该安排成在单独的照明装置发生故障时，诸如某个电灯泡烧毁，不会使任何
区域变得黑暗。
Where maintenance of illumination depends upon changing from one energy source to another, there
shall be no appreciable interruption of illumination during the changeover. Individual battery backup
units are not permitted in new construction. Individual battery backup lights are required in the
emergency generator room to facilitate repairs in the event both primary power source and generator
fail.
在照明亮度的保持取决于从一个能源改变到另一个时，在这种转换时不应该使照明有明显的中
断。在新构造中不允许使用单独的备用电池装置。在紧急发电机房中需要具有单独的备用电池
照明可以在主要电源和发电机都发生故障的情况下来推动修理工作。
An emergency lighting system shall be so arranged as to provide the required illumination
automatically in the event of any interruption of normal lighting, such as failure of a public utility or
other outside electrical power supply, opening of a circuit breaker or fuse, or any manual acts,
including accidental opening of switches controlling normal lighting facilities. Battery pack
emergency lighting, because of its limited duration and reliability, is not allowed to be used in lieu of
a diesel engine driven emergency power supply unless battery packs are to be installed to meet local
requirements. The circuits connecting the battery packs are then to be connected to the emergency
power supply. Emergency lighting shall be able to maintain the required illumination level for a
period of not less than 60 minutes in the event of failure of the normal lighting.
紧急照明系统应该安排成能在任何正常照明中断的情况下，诸如公用事业或其它外部电力供应
发生故障，断路器或保险丝的打开，或任何手动动作，包括控制正常照明设施的开关意外打
开，自动提供所需的照明。配有备用电池的紧急照明，由于其有限的时间长度和可靠性，不允
许使用来代替柴油机驱动的紧急电源除非配有备用电池的紧急照明是为了满足地方需要，连接
配有备用电池的紧急照明的线路需与紧急电源相连。在正常照明失效的情况下，紧急照明应该
能维持所需的照明时间不少于 60 分钟。
7.5.5.2 Exit and Directional Signs 安全出口和方向符号
Previous sections have discussed the size and lighting requirements for exit signs. All lighted exit
signs must also be connected into the emergency power system or be self-illuminated/electro
luminescent signs.
以上几节中曾讨论了安全出口符号的大小和照明要求。全部有照明的安全出口符号还必须连接
到紧急电力系统之中或者必须是自身照明的/电气发光的符号。
While directional signs are not used to directly identify an exit door, they do indicate a way out of the
structure to the person who is unfamiliar with the facility. These signs must also be connected into the
emergency power system.
当方向符号不是被用来直接判别安全出口门时，它们对不熟悉该设施的人来说却可以指明一条
离开结构的道路。这些符号也必须连接到紧急电力系统之中。
Exit and high level escape directional signs are continuously illuminated with 60 to 90 minutes battery
back-up and are connected to emergency generator。
出口及高位逃生方向指示牌应持续照亮，连接 60 至 90 分钟的 EPS 或独立蓄电池，并应连接至
应急发电机回路。
7.5.5.3 Emergency Power Requirements 紧急电力的要求
Each InterContinental Hotels Group property is to be provided with a diesel engine powered
emergency generator. The generator must be “on-line” within 15 seconds from start. Generator must
start automatically without human intervention.
每一座洲际酒店集团的财产（建筑物）都要配备一台柴油机为动力的紧急发电机。发电机必须
在启动的 15 秒钟之内“进入供电线路”。发电机必须无需人的参与能够自动启动。
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Generator is not mandatory for villas.
别墅式建筑对发电机不是强制要求。
Emergency diesel generator shall be provided with the following fuel tank capacity:
a. 8 hours or one cubic meter of indoor fuel tank whichever is suitable, plus
b. 24 hours of outdoor fuel tank where city power interruption exceed 8 hours, or
c. 48 hours of outdoor fuel tank where it is in a remote area.
应急发电机应配置下列柴油容量：
1. 八小时或一立方米室内油箱；
2. 在停电超过 8 个小时的地方，需要外加 24 小时室外油箱；
3. 在偏远的地方，需要外加不小于 48 小时的室外油箱。
Where emergency generator is provided, an outdoor diesel connector must be provided for fuel truck
refill.
在提供发电机的地方，必须安装室外油罐车连接口。
Generator shall has sufficient capacity to power all FLS systems and essential equipment plus 20%
spare capacity.
发电机应能够满足消防生命安全系统和不可断电的设备外加 20%冗余.
In order to keep generator capacity at a reasonable level and be able to use available capacity for
secondary emergency power supply purposes, such as refrigeration, domestic water pumps, laundry,
etc., the electrical loads can be classified in the following categories:
为了能将发电机容量保持在一个合理水平上以及能将可供应的容量用于二次紧急电源目的，诸
如制冷，户内水泵，洗衣房等，电气负载可以分成下列类别：
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Critical load 临界负荷
Desirable loads 想要的负荷
Operational loads 运行的负荷
Critical loads can be considered to be those loads that are fundamental to the safety of persons in the
facility, including emergency lighting for exit access corridors, exit stairwells and exit signs, smoke
control systems, fire detection and alarm systems, fire pumps, and emergency communication
systems. Desirable loads can include those loads that provide for the additional safety or comfort and
well-being of occupants during a power failure of long duration, such as smoke management, lighting
in non-critical areas, air conditioning, and computer power supplies. Operational loads can include
items such as washers and dryers, kitchen appliances and electrical snow melting devices. During nonemergency situations, non-essential loads can be powered by the excess capacity provided for critical
loads not being used.
临界负荷可以认为是那些对酒店中人们的安全来说是基本的负荷，包括安全出口通路走廊，安
全出口楼梯间和安全出口符号的紧急照明，烟雾控制系统，火焰检测和报警系统，消防泵，以
及紧急通讯系统。想要的负荷可以包括那些在长期电力故障下为居住者提供附加的安全或舒适
和健康的负荷，诸如烟雾管理，非临界区域中的照明，空调，以及计算机的电力供应。运行的
负载可以包括下列项目诸如洗衣机和烘干机，厨房设备和电气溶雪装置。在非紧急情况下，不
重要的负荷可以由提供给不在使用的临界负荷的多余容量来供电。
The design of electrical control systems shall switch power to the loads having the highest priority.
电气控制系统的设计应该将电力转换至具有最高优先性的负荷。
The emergency generator power shall be connected to the following minimum critical equipment
loads:
紧急发电机的电力应该连接至下列最小的临界设备负荷：
Critical Loads - (Minimum Requirements) 临界负荷 - （最小要求）
 Exit access corridor emergency lighting
安全出口通路走廊紧急照明
 Guestroom entrance vestibule light
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客房入口门廊灯光
Exit signs
安全出口标识
Exit stairwell lighting
安全出口楼梯间照明
Emergency generator and main switchgear room lighting
紧急发电机和总转换装置室的照明
Front-of-the-House and Back-of-the-House emergency lights
酒店前和酒店后的紧急照明
Telephone/Computer room lighting, receptacles and air conditioning
电话/计算机房照明，接受器和空调
Computer room air conditioning unit, power to UPS, and UPS battery room lighting and
ventilation
计算机房空调装置，送至 UPS（不中断电力系统）的电力，以及 UPS 电池房的照明和通风
Lighting and power in telephone operator's room, first aid centre and Fire Control Centre (FCC)
and Security Office including CCTV cameras.
电话总机室，急救中心和消防控制中心和保安办公室的照明和电力包括 CCTV 照相机
Aircraft warning light(s)
航空警告灯
Kitchen exhaust hood fans
厨房排气罩风机
PABX switch room power and light
PABX 开关房的电力和灯光
Smoke exhaust/removal systems where provided
烟雾排除/去除系统，如有提供时
Exit stairwell pressurization systems where provided
安全出口楼梯间正压送风系统，如有提供时
One elevator, with automatic switching and manual override for all elevators and/or zones (must
comply with applicable elevator codes/standards)
一台对全部电梯和/或地区带有自动转换和手动超越的电梯（必须符合适用的电梯法规/标
准）
Complete fire detection, alarm system, including security alarms
完整的消防检测，报警系统，包括保安报警
Complete emergency voice/tone communication system
完整的紧急声音/音调通讯系统
Power for magnetic door hold open devices where provided
用于磁性保持门打开装置的电力，如有提供时
Electric fire and jockey pumps
电动消防泵和稳压泵
Flood pumps, sump pumps, sewer ejector pumps, and other essential pumps (to be defined by
hotel)
防洪泵，排除积水泵，污水喷射泵，以及其它重要的泵（由酒店确定）
Domestic water supply pumps
生活给水泵
One guest room electric outlet in rooms designated accessible for use by guests with physical
disabilities
在指定为残疾客人使用的房间中的一个客房电动出口
One Property Management System device/terminal at front desk as well as one at each Food and
Beverage outlet and one Building Automation System device usually located in the engineers
office
在前台上的一个财产管理系统装置/终端和在每个食品和饮料出口的一个装置以及一个经
常布置在工程师办公室的楼宇自动化系统的装置
Air compressor for dry pipe sprinkler system where provided
用于干管喷淋系统的空气压缩机，如果有提供的话
All powered components of fire suppression systems
火灾抑制系统的全部有电力的组成部分
Engineering offices lighting and power
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工程技术办公室的照明和电力
20% of general lighting (non essential load, when not operating in emergency)
总照明的 20%（不重要的负荷，紧急情况下不运行的）
Where permitted by the authority having jurisdiction, systems or devices deemed desirable or other
operational loads, i.e., non-essential loads, may be powered by the excess capacity provided for
critical loads not being used. Where non-essential loads are to be powered by the emergency
generator, a full load calculation of such equipment shall be made. To avoid problems of overloading
and failure, generator sizing shall take into account the non-essential loads. At no time shall nonessential loads be permitted to impact generator performance while powering critical loads.
Switching to non-essential loads shall be automatic and based on selective prioritization.
All emergency power sources are to be installed as per the requirements in NFPA 110 and NFPA 70
(latest edition of both) as a minimum, where more stringent local requirements are enforced please
adopt these requirements.
在权力机构允许的情况下，被认为是想要的系统或装置或其它运行的负荷，亦即，非重要的负
荷，可以由供应给不在使用的临界负荷的多余容量来提供电力。在非重要负荷要由紧急发电机
供电时，应该做好这类设备的满负荷计算。为了避免发生超负荷和故障问题，发电机大小的确
定应该考虑那些非重要负荷。在为临界负载供电时任何时候都不允许非重要负荷来冲击发电机
的性能。应该自动地和根据选择的优先次序来切换至非重要负荷。
所有紧急电源都要按照 NFPA 110 和 NFPA 70（两者的最新版本）中的要求进行安装作为最低
要求，如果要实施更严格的当地要求，就请采用这些要求。
Consideration should be given for additional emergency power capacity to support basic hotel
operational functions for properties in remote or semi-remote areas that are subject to hurricanes, for
example, and may be without power from the local utility system for several days. In locations with a
history of frequent power outages consideration should be given to 100% emergency supply.
Operational functions might include cooking facilities, the domestic water system, limited lighting and
power in the guestrooms, and the like.
对于那些常遭受飓风的遥远或半遥远区域内的楼宇应该考虑增加附加的紧急电力容量来支持基
本的酒店运作功能，例如可能会几天从当地公用事业系统得不到电力。在历史性频繁发生电力
短缺的地点应该给与 100%紧急电力的考虑。运作功能可以包括烹调设施，户内供水系统，客
房内限定的照明和电力，诸如此类。
7.6
FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT SYSTEMS 灭火系统
It is critically important that once a fire commences that we can achieve extinguishment quickly and
efficiently.
极其重要的是一旦火灾开始发生我们要能迅速和有效的予以熄灭。
All new and conversion hotel developments will have automatic sprinklers fitted to the entire building.
For low-rise hotels (less than 10m) in special circumstances a risk assessment may be conducted to
determine if automatic sprinklers may be exempted based on the presence of adjacent risk, the level of
risk inherent within the building and the level of other fire systems and services provided. The risk can
only be assessed by VP, IHG Design and Engineering.
所有新的和转化的酒店开发应该具有适合整个楼宇的自动喷淋。对低高度的酒店（低于 10
米）在特殊情况下可以进行风险评估来决定根据邻近出现的风险，建筑物内固有的风险水平以
及所提供的其它消防系统和服务的水平是否可以免除自动喷淋的安装。风险评估只能由洲际酒
店集团设计与工程的副总裁进行。
7.6.1
AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS 自动喷淋系统
Hotel Fires can be extinguished either manually or automatically. Automatic sprinkler heads shall be
installed throughout the building. This includes all interior spaces including guest rooms, guest room
bathrooms in excess of 5sq m and/or consisting of mostly combustible fixtures, corridors, vestibules,
lobbies, top and lower tiers of stairways, combustible concealed spaces, inside linen and trash chutes
(at the top of the chute and at every third floors), service chute terminal rooms, underneath large
storage decks, inside closets and under large outdoor canopies, platforms and docks where significant
amounts of combustible materials are stored and handled.
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SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
酒店的火灾可以手动地或自动地来灭火。在楼宇到处都应该安装有自动喷淋头，包括所有的内
部场所如客房、超出 5 平方米的和/或具有大多数可燃固定设备的客房浴室、走廊、门廊、大
厅、楼梯的顶层和下层、可燃的封闭场所、布草井内（在井道的顶部和每隔三层楼面）、管道
井的顶端、大型平台下方储藏处，内部壁橱和大型室外天棚下面、储藏和搬运大量可燃性材料
的收货平台和泊位。
InterContinental Hotels Group does not require sprinkler protection for main switchgear rooms,
transformer rooms/vaults and elevator machine rooms if they are small enough so that storage of
combustible or other materials cannot occur. These spaces may be required to be sprinklered by the
local authority. Automatic detection is required in these spaces.
洲际酒店集团对于总配电房、变压器房/拱顶和电梯机房如果它们小到不可能储藏可燃性或其
它材料的话就不要求作喷淋系统保护。当地权力机构可能要求这些场所安装喷淋器。在这些场
所中自动探测装置是需要的。
Automatic sprinkler systems shall be designed by experienced and competent system designers using
the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard No. 13, "Standard for the Installation of
Sprinkler Systems" or other recognized standards which have requirements in excess of those
contained within NFPA Standard No. 13. The "hydraulic calculation" method allows the designer to
size the piping on a pressure loss basis to provide a prescribed density (gallons per minute per square
foot or litres per minute per square meter) distributed with a reasonable degree of uniformity over a
specified area. The stipulated design density and area of application will vary with the occupancy or
use of the space being protected.
自动喷淋系统应该由有经验的和有能力的系统设计师使用美国消防协会（NFPA）第 13 号标
准，“喷淋系统安装标准”来设计，或者使用其他认可的，其要求超出 NFPA 第 13 号标准所包
含内容的那些标准。“液力计算”方法可以允许设计师在压力损失的基础上确定管道的大小从
而能提供一个在规定的区域内以合理的均匀程度分布的规定密度（每平方米每分钟加仑数或每
平方米每分钟升数）。规定的设计密度和应用区域将随着所保护场所的居住和使用情况而变
化。
Sprinklers are required in IHG hotels and are required in all areas. All sprinkler systems are required
to be hydraulically calculated. Quick response residential sprinklers are to be used in guestrooms. All
hotels must be fully sprinkler protected, however sprinklers are not required in electrical distribution
switchboards rooms, lift machine rooms, manufactured walk in freezers and transformer rooms.
Sprinklers are required in PABX rooms and Computer rooms. Sprinkler heads distributed throughout
will automatically discharge water when excessive heat actuates a heat sensitive valve in each head.
The design and extent of the system should be based on ‘hazards classes’ as set out in the local
regulations or codes of practice and conform to NFPA standard 13.
在 IHG 酒店中都需要喷淋并且在所有区域都需要。所有的喷淋系统都需要经过液力计算。在客
房中要使用的是快速响应居住式喷淋。所有的酒店都必须受喷淋保护，但是在配电开关板房，
电梯机房中，和冷冻机和变压器房中的人行道上不需要喷淋。在 PABX 房和计算机房内需要喷
淋。当每一个喷淋头内的热敏阀被过热的热量作动时分布在整幢楼宇内的喷淋头将自动放水。
系统的设计和范围应该基于当地规章或操作过程中设定的‘危险级别’并且符合 NFPA 第 13 号
标准。
The number of actual sprinklers may vary, however sprinkler spray patterns are required to cover the
maximum possible area of the guestroom. The use of sidewall sprinklers can produce design
economies and improve aesthetics in the room. Quick response heads are required in all guestroom
areas.
实际的喷淋的数量可以变化，但是喷淋的喷射范围需要覆盖客房的最大可能面积。侧壁式喷淋
的使用在设计上是经济的而且可以改善房间的美观。在所有客房区域都需要快速响应喷淋头。
7.6.2
HYDRAULICALLY DESIGNED SYSTEMS (REQUIRED BY IHG) 液力设计系统（IHG 要求）
As mentioned above, the water supply characteristics and pipe sizes for hydraulically designed
sprinkler systems are selected based on engineering calculations, to deliver prescribed densities of
water distributed with a reasonable degree of uniformity over a specified area. Water flow densities
and areas of coverage are prescribed in nationally recognized standards such as NFPA Standard No.
13. Many of the areas in hotel facilities are commonly referred to as "light hazard" including
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
residential areas, offices and restaurant seating areas. Design densities and areas of coverage for these
areas range from 4.1 l/min/sq m over an area of 139 sq m to 2.0 l/min/sq m distributed over an area of
372 sq m. The sprinkler densities for other areas of the facility including laundries, restaurant service
areas, storage spaces, mercantile areas and exhibition halls may range as high as 8.5 l/min/sq m. The
specific densities and areas of coverage must be selected from recognized design standards.
正如以上所述，用于液力设计出的喷淋系统的供水特性和管道大小是根据工程计算来选择的，
从而能提供一个在规定的区域内以合理的均匀程度分布水的规定密度。水流密度和覆盖面积都
规定在国家认可的标准之中，诸如 NFPA 第 13 号标准。酒店设施中的许多区域一般被认作为包
括居住区域，办公室和餐厅就座区域在内的“轻度危险”区域。对这些区域的设计密度和覆盖
面积其范围是从分布在 139 平方米面积上的 4.1 升/分钟/平方米到分布在 372 平方米面积上的
2.0 升/分钟/平方米。对于设施的其它区域包括洗衣房，餐厅服务区域，储藏场所，商业区域
和展示厅在内的喷淋密度其范围可高达 8.5 升/分钟/平方米。特殊的密度和覆盖面积必须从认
可的设计标准中选择。
When the building is compartmented with fire resistive walls, hydraulic calculations can be based
upon the area of the largest room (139 sq m). In such cases, the room must be enclosed with fire
resistive construction having a fire resistance rating at least equal to the water supply duration required
by national standards. In "light hazard" areas, such as offices and residential spaces, the openings in
these fire resistive barriers can be protected with automatic or self-closing doors of fire resistance
values as previously described. When the openings are not protected, calculations shall include the
sprinklers in the room plus two sprinklers in the communicating space nearest each unprotected
opening. In other than "light hazard" spaces, the protection of wall openings must be accomplished by
automatic or self-closing doors with fire resistance ratings appropriate to the fire resistance rating of
the wall itself.
在建筑物用防火墙分隔时，液力计算可以按照最大房间的面积（139 平方米）进行。在这类情
况下，必须用防火构造来封闭，该防火构造具有的防火级别至少等于国家标准中要求的供水时
间长度。在“轻度危险”区域内，诸如办公室和居住场所，在这些防火屏障上的开口可以用防
火数值如以上所述的自动或自身闭合门来保护。当这些开口未受到保护时，计算工作应该包括
室内的喷淋再要加上在最接近每个未保护开口的来往场所的两个喷淋。在不是“轻度危险”的
场所，墙壁上开口的保护必须由具有同墙壁本身的防火级别相适当的自动或自身闭合门来实
现。
Where dry-pipe systems are used, generally the area of sprinkler operation must be increased by 30
percent, without revising the water application density.
在使用干管系统的场合，一般喷淋运作的面积必须增加百分之三十，而不改变水的应用密度。
For hydraulically calculated automatic sprinkler systems, the operating pressure at the sprinkler head
can be as low as 48.3 kPa depending on the type of sprinkler head used and the area covered.
对于进行了液力计算的自动喷淋系统，在喷淋头处的操作压力可以低到 48.3kPa，取决于所使
用的喷淋头的类型和所覆盖的面积。
Hydraulically designed automatic sprinkler systems shall be properly identified by a permanently
attached placard indicating the location and the basis of design (discharge density over designed area
of coverage, including gallons per minute or litres per minute and residual pressure demand at the base
of the riser). These signs shall be placed at the controlling alarm valve or dry-pipe valve for the system
containing the hydraulically designed layout. This data is necessary for future reference, in the event
modifications are made to this system at a future date.
进行了液力计算的自动喷淋系统应该由一张永久性粘贴的通告加以判别，指明其位置和设计基
础（设计覆盖面积上的放水密度，包括每分钟加仑数或每分钟升数以及立管基座处的残余压力
需求）。这些符号应该放置在包含有液力设计布置的系统所用的控制报警阀或干管阀处。将来
对这一系统进行修改时也需要参考这些数据。
7.6.3
PIPE SCHEDULE SYSTEMS 管子计划系统
Pipe schedule systems may only be used for extension of existing pipe schedule systems. New
installations shall always be hydraulically designed.
管子计划系统可以只应用于现有管子计划系统的扩展。新的装备总是应该经过液力设计的。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Pipe sizes for Pipe Schedule Systems are selected from published pipe size tables such as those found
in the Appendix of NFPA Standard No. 13. For example, in a hotel occupancy, up to two sprinkler
heads may be permitted to be supplied by 2.5 cm steel pipe; three sprinklers supplied by 3.2 cm steel
pipe; five sprinklers supplied by 3.8 cm pipe, etc. Further details are also published regarding
maximum system size, minimum supply pipe size, and other parameters.
管子计划系统中管子的大小可以从出版的管子尺寸表格中选择，诸如 NFPA 第 1 号标准的附录
中的那些表格。例如，在酒店的居住区内，2.5 厘米的钢管可以供应两个以下的喷淋头，3.2
厘米钢管可以供应三个喷淋，3.8 厘米钢管可以供应五个喷淋，等等。同时还出版了关于最大
系统的大小，最小供应管的尺寸，以及其它参数的进一步细则。
The water supply required for a hotel would commonly be in the range of 0.95 to 2.84 cubic meters
per minute for a duration of 60 minutes.
一家酒店所需要的供水通常是在 60 分钟的时间长度内每分钟 0.95 到 2.84 立方米的范围内。
Sixty minutes duration is ordinarily acceptable where a quality fire department is available and water
flow alarms are automatically transmitted to the fire department itself. If the facility contains
significant areas with fire loads higher than the normal hotel (such as department stores or exhibition
halls), the water supply requirement might be as high as 5.68 cu m/min for up to 120 minutes. Lower
flow rates than those mentioned above can be acceptable if engineering calculations substantiate that
the systems are hydraulically designed to deliver effective water flow densities in the maximum
expected fire areas in the facility.
在具有高质量的消防部门并且水流报警可以自动传递到消防部门本身时，六十分钟的时间长度
是可以接受的。如果该设施具有其火灾负载高于一般酒店的主要区域（诸如百货商店或展示
厅），供水要求可以高达 120 分钟以内的 5.68 立方米/分。如果工程计算证实这些系统经过了
液力设计可以对设施中的最大期望防火区域提供有效的水流密度，就可以接受比以上所述的较
低的流量。
Normally, the water supplies must be sufficient to produce a residual pressure of at least 103 kPa at
the highest sprinkler. Maximum working pressure of the sprinkler system shall not exceed 1,207 kPa
except on the risers, if so designed. In systems where the fire pump discharge pressure exceeds the
rated pressure for schedule 40 piping, schedule 80 piping shall be installed.
一般来说，水的供应必须充分从而能使最高的喷淋处的残余压力至少为 103 kPA。喷淋系统的
最高压力不应超过 1.207 kPA，除了在升管上的之外，如果有如此设计的话。在那些消泵排放
压力超过计划 40 管道的额定压力的系统中应该安装计划 80 管道。
7.6.4
MANUAL SYSTEMS 手动系统



Hose reel system (hose racks) 水龙带卷轴系统（水龙带架）
Hand held fire extinguishers 手持灭火器
Hydrant systems 消防栓
Details of each system can be found in subsequent sections.
每个系统的细则可以在以后的章节中找到。
7.6.5
SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE 规格和应用指南
Sprinkler & hydrant system must be fully integrated with the AFA system.
喷淋系统及消火栓系统应与自动火警报警系统联动。
7.6.5.1
Sprinkler Systems 喷淋系统
All hotel properties must have automatic sprinklers fitted to the entire building. For the height of
building less than 10 meters, risk assessment must be conducted to determine if automatic sprinklers
may be exempted, based on the level of risk inherent within the building and alternate measures that
may achieve an acceptable level of protection.
所有酒店建筑都必须在整栋建筑内安装自动喷淋系统。 对于低于 10 米的建筑，则必须进行风
险评估，并根据该建筑内固有的风险等级，以及采取的替代措施 （达到可接受的防护水
平），来判断是否可免装自动喷淋系统。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Hazard classifications (NFPA 13) 危险分类
Area 区域
Classification 分类
Public areas 公共区域
Light hazard 轻度危险
Guest rooms 客房
Administration 行政管理区域
Storage rooms 储藏室
Ordinary hazard 一般危险
Kitchens 厨房
Group 1 第 1 组
Garages 车库
Shops 商店
A minimum of two sprinkler heads should be located in each guest suite, one in the sleeping area and
one in the room vestibule area. Sidewall Quick response extended throw heads are preferred for
guestroom bedroom areas, it must be installed between 150 to 300 mm below the ceiling. Concealed
type pendant heads for the vestibule area. Sprinkler heads will be required in bathrooms that are over
5m2.
在每一套客房套房内最少应该布置两个喷淋头，一个在睡眠区域和一个在客房门廊区域。客房
卧室区域最好使用侧壁式快速响应扩展抛射头，距天花安装距离为 150 至 300 毫米。而门廊区
2
域则使用隐藏式下垂头。超过 5m 的浴室需要安装喷淋头。
Sprinkler heads in lobby, guest room foyer, restaurants, bars and other high specification areas should be
concealed type where permitted. Other front of house areas should be concealed pendant flush type.
安装在大厅，客房休息室，餐厅，酒吧和其它高规格区域内的喷淋头应该是隐藏式的，如果许
可的话。安装在房屋前方区域的则应该是隐藏的下垂嵌入式。
All back of house areas should be chrome plated pendant type. Atrium style areas may require specific
arrangements, refer to NFPA for spacing and requirements for water wall sprinklers spaced at 1.8m.
Water supply for the system should be obtained as described in section 5.00 for non-potable supplies to
building. Ideally the system would be served from cross-connections from two separate water mains.
Flow and pressure tests should be carried out to ascertain the likely available water flows and pressures
from the town mains.
安装在所有后勤区域的应该是镀铬的下垂式。安装在中庭区域的可以要求特殊的布置，请参考
NFPA 关于相隔 1.8m 的全部喷淋的间距和要求。该系统的供水应该按第 5.00 节中所述建筑物中
非饮用水的方式获得。理想的是该系统可以由两个单独主水管的交叉连接来供水。应该进行流
量和压力试验从而来确定由城市主水管可能提供的水的流量和压力。
The test should be carried out at peak usage times to discover the lowest pressures upon which the
design should be based.
试验应该在使用高峰时间时进行以便发现设计中应该作为根据的最低压力。
Contact the local fire department to check for any historical precedent for not using town mains and
local Water Company to check reliability of supplies.
联系当地消防部门来检查任何未使用城市主水管的历史先例以及联系当地供水公司来检查供水
的可靠性。
Where supplies of water are inconsistent unreliable or of insufficient pressure, the water may require
pumping or storage. Refer to local fire department codes and Water Company bylaws for regulations
covering water storage pumping arrangements, break-tanks etc.
当供水不可靠或压力不足时，就会有泵水和储存水的要求。关于储存泵水的安排和转输水箱等
的规章，请参考当地消防部门法规和供水公司的规章制度。
External areas subject to frost condition should be protected with either a dry system or wet dry system
in compliance with the relevant codes. In the event of the sprinkler system operations, both an audible
and visual alarm must be activated, and interfaced with the fire alarm system.
承受霜冻的外部区域应该按照相关的法规使用干燥系统或湿式干燥系统加以保护。在喷淋系统
运作的情况下，必须作动声音和可视报警，并且同火灾报警系统接口。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Frequent omissions: 时常被忽略的
SPRINKLERS ARE REQUIRED IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS:下列地点需要喷淋
Small enclosures
Inside saunas, walk-in cold rooms and rooms containing flammable
小型封闭环境
materials.桑拿浴室，行走冷房和含有易燃材料的房间
High temperature rated sprinkler head(s)must be required inside and
above the saunas area (sprinkler for sauna pool is unnecessary)
桑拿(干)房内部及上方必须配置高温喷淋头 （水池的正上方无
需安装）
Linen & rubbish chutes
At the top of the chute and at every third floor.
布草井和垃圾井
井道的顶部和每隔三层楼面
Non-combustible stairs
At the top and under the first landing above the lowest level. If doors
from two fire separate fire divisions access the same stair sprinklers
非可燃楼梯
are required 在顶部和在最低平面之上首个平台之下。如果从两
个独立的消防分区所开的门可以通往同一楼梯就需要喷淋
Ceiling voids
Sprinkler head(s) must be installed in ceiling voids where the ceiling
height is greater than 800mm with any combustible materials such
吊顶空间
as wood, foam insulation, wiring etc。
大于 800 毫米的吊顶空间内有可燃物时(如木材，电线，橡塑保
温等）应安装喷淋头。
Loading docks, covered
Dry-pendant sprinklers extending through the wall from wet
platforms, exterior
sprinkler piping in an adjacent heated area. If not feasible, dry
canopies < 1.2 width
system, if subject to freezing conditions. Not required under non卸货平台，带顶平台，
combustible canopies if no combustible materials are stored.从相邻
1.2 宽度的的外部天棚
加热区域的湿式喷淋管道中延伸通过墙壁的干式下垂喷淋。如
果不可行，则干式系统，如果遭受冷冻条件的话。如果不储存
可燃材料则在不可燃天棚之下就不需要。
Under cover internal pools
100%
隐藏的内部储存库
100%
Plantrooms 设备房
Kitchen exhaust ductwork
horizontal runs
厨房排风管道水平部分
Walk-in wardrobe
步入式衣橱
Attic Area
阁楼区域
Swimming pool
游泳池
Mechanical rooms
设备房
Car Park
停车场
Computer & PABX rooms
计算机房和 PABX 房
Required along the horizontal section of ductworks
需要沿着管道的水平部分
Sprinkler is required in walk-in wardrobe with areas greater than 2.2
sq.m.
大于 2.2 平方米的步入衣橱间必须配置喷淋头。
In buildings of "attic" areas automatic sprinkler system must be
provided.
在“阁楼”区域必须安装自动喷淋保护系统。
Sprinkler heads must be provided above the deck area in indoor
swimming pool.
室内游泳池的平台上方应配置喷淋头。
Sprinklers are required in all plantrooms, air handling rooms and
plenums and chiller, pump and boiler rooms.所有机房、空调机
房、制冷机房，水泵房和锅炉房都需要喷淋
Sprinkler heads must be provided in car parks and driveways.
车库及车道应配置喷淋头。
Inside computer & PABX rooms. 100%
在计算机房和 PABX 房之内 100%
SPRINKLERS ARE NOT REQUIRED IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS
下列地点不需要喷淋
Guestroom closets
< 2.2 sqm, if walls and ceilings are non-combustible. Length of closet
客房壁橱
must not exceed 0.9 m. <2.2 平方米，如果墙壁和天花板是不可燃
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Guest bathrooms
客房浴室
Electrical equipment
rooms
电气设备室
Computer rooms
计算机房
Open air parking
露天停车场
的。壁橱的长度必须不超过 0.9 米
< 5.0 sqm, if walls & ceilings are non-combustible
<5.0 平方米，如果墙壁和天花板是不可燃的
If 2-hour enclosure is provided, only dry-type electrical equipment
installed dedicated room w/o storage.如果配备 2 小时消防等级围墙，
只对不作储存的专门安装干式电气设备的房间。
Wet pipe automatic sprinkler system
湿管式自动喷淋系统
None 无
7.6.5.2 Restaurant hood, duct and cooking appliance systems 餐厅棚罩，管道和烹调器具系统
Kitchen ranges covered by extract hoods should be fitted with a local independent extinguishing system.
These kitchen hood systems discharge wet chemicals (such as Ansul R102, Kiddie, Pyro Chem, Range
Guard and Amerex) to all areas of a kitchen range extract hood that is potentially coated in grease. The
system also discharges over deep fat cooking pans or other potential fire source. The system can be
activated by detectors in the vicinity or within the duct, or fusible links, or manually by a knock-off
button located upon exit from the area.
带有抽气罩的餐厅炉灶应该配备局部独立的灭火系统。这些厨房棚罩系统将湿的化学制品（诸
如 Ansul R102, Kiddie, Pyro Chem, 炉灶防护剂和 Amerex）释放到可能被油脂覆盖的厨房炉
灶抽气罩的所有区域。这一系统的释放范围还包括热油烹调锅或其它的潜在火灾源。这个系统
可以由临近的或管道内的探测器，或熔线来发动，或是通过安装在该区域安全出口处的击倒式
按钮来手动发动。
Approved fire suppression system must have UL or FM certification such as Ansul. Ansul must be listed
on Kitchen Equipment list.
认可的厨房灭火系统应有 UL 或是 FM 认证，比如安素系统. 安素必须列在厨房设备清单上。
The system should be initiated by a fusible link or other fire detection device as approved by local
codes.
这个系统应该通过当地法规所批准的熔线或其它火灾探测装置来发动。
Upon initiation of the detector/fusible link any power or gas supplies serving the kitchen equipment
shall be isolated. An extinguishing medium (wet chemical) should be automatically released to the hood
filter and where necessary, into the connecting ductwork and over kitchen appliances.
在探测器/熔线的作用之下，服务于厨房设备的任何电力或燃气供应都应该加以隔离。灭火介质
（湿的化学制品）应该自动地被释放到棚罩过滤器以及有需要的话，释放到连接管道之中和厨
房器具上。
Upon activation of the system the exhaust fan shall continue operating.
根据系统的动作，排气风扇应该继续运转。
Gas leakage must be provided in kitchens and other areas where there are gas fired equipments.
厨房和其它有燃气设备的地方应安装燃气泄漏探测器。
Detectors should also be provided below filters and over deep fat fryers but should be carefully
calibrated to prevent false alarm from cooking practices that use flames. Gas detectors should be fitted
to all kitchens that link to a gas solenoid value for emergency shut off.
探测器还应该配备在过滤器之下和热油炸锅之上，但是应该加以仔细标定来防止从使用火焰的
烹调工作中发出虚假报警。所有厨房都应该配备同紧急关闭煤气电磁阀相连接的煤气探测器。
fire suppression systems with automatic and manual operation must automatically cut off the fuel supply
when it activates and manually reset after it has activated.
带有自动和手动操作功能的厨房排油烟灭火系统，当灭火系统启动时必须能自动切断烹饪设备
的燃料供应， 灭火系统启动后必须靠手动复位。
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Knock off buttons for manual shut down of appliances should also activate the extinguishing system.
This should operate mechanically and not rely on electrical power for activation, unless this is from a
reserve power source as described in codes.
用于手动关闭厨房器具的击倒式按钮也应该能激活灭火系统。激活作用应该通过机械式的操作
而不是依靠电力，除非这种电力是由法规中所述的储备电源中获得的。
In the event of the kitchen hood system being activated an alarm should be sounded. The system must
be interfaced with the fire detection and alarm system.
如果厨房棚罩系统一旦被激活，报警应该发出声音的话，该系统必须同火灾探测和报警系统具
有接口。
If system supported, the fire suppression system of kitchen must connect to water feed to act as sprinkler
after chemical discharged.
如果系统支持其功能，厨房炉灶灭火系统应连接水源，当灭火药剂喷完后相当于喷淋功能。
Commercial Type Cooking Equipment and Ventilation 商用型烹调设备和通风
i.
In cooking areas protected by automatic sprinklers, additional sprinklers or automatic spray nozzles
shall be provided to protect commercial-type cooking equipment and ventilation systems that are
designed to carry away grease-laden vapors unless otherwise protected. (See NFPA 96, Standard on
Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations.)
在受到自动喷淋保护的烹调区域中，应该配备附加的喷淋和自动喷雾喷嘴来保护商用型烹
调设备以及为除去含油脂蒸气而设计的通风系统，除非它们另有保护。（参见NFPA 96，商
用型烹调设备通风控制防火标准.）
ii.
Standard sprinklers or automatic spray nozzles shall be so located as to provide for the protection
of exhaust ducts, hood exhaust duct collars and hood exhaust plenum chambers. Exception:
Sprinklers or automatic spray nozzles in ducts, duct collars and plenum chambers may be omitted
where all cooking equipment is served by listed grease extractors.
标准的喷淋和自动喷雾喷嘴的布置应该能为排油烟管道，棚罩排油烟管道口和棚罩排油烟
静压箱提供保护。例外情况：如果所有烹调设备都使用列出的油脂抽取器的话，就可以省
略排油烟管道内，棚罩管道口和静压箱中的喷淋和自动喷雾喷嘴。
iii. Exhaust ducts shall have one sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle located at the top of each vertical
riser and at the midpoint of each offset. The first sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle in a horizontal
duct shall be installed at the duct entrance. Horizontal exhaust ducts shall have such devices located
on 3m centres beginning no more than l.5m from the duct entrance. Sprinkler(s) or automatic spray
nozzle(s) in exhaust ducts subject to freezing shall be properly protected against freezing by
approved means. Exception: Sprinklers or automatic spray nozzles shall be required in a vertical
riser outside of a but/cling provided the riser does not expose combustible material or provided the
interior of a building and the horizontal distance between the hood outlet and the vertical riser is
7.6m.
排油烟管道应该在每个垂直立管的顶部和每条支管的中点设置一个喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴。水
平管道上的第一个喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴应该安装在管道入口处。其他的水平喷淋头或喷雾
嘴布置在从管道入口开始不大于1.5米的、每隔3米的中心点上。如果排油烟管道中的喷淋或
自动喷雾喷嘴会有冰冻情况，应采取适当的防冻保护措施。例外情况：在建筑物外部的垂
直立管中应该需要喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴，这时假设该立管不暴露于可燃材料或者假设在建
筑物内部而且棚罩出口同垂直立管之间的距离为7.6米。
iv. Each hood exhaust duct collar shall have one sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle located 25.4mm
minimum to 305mm maximum above the point of duct collar connection in the hood plenum.
Hoods that have listed fire dampers located in the duct collar shall be protected with a sprinkler or
automatic spray nozzle located on the discharge side of the damper and positioned so as not to
interfere with damper operation.
每个棚罩排气管道口应该具有一个布置在棚罩中管道口连接点之上最小25.4毫米到最大305
毫米的一个喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴。具有消防阻尼器位于管道口的棚罩应该使用布置在阻尼
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
器排出侧的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴来保护，其位置不应干涉阻尼器的操作。
v.
Hood exhaust plenum chambers shall have one sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle centered in each
chamber not exceeding 3m in length. Plenum chambers greater than 3m in length shall have two
sprinklers or automatic spray nozzles evenly spaced with the maximum distance between the two
sprinklers not to exceed 3m.
在每间长度不超过3m的棚罩排气静压箱应该具有一个定位于其中心的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴。
长度超过3米的静压箱应该具有两个均匀布置的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴，而且两个喷淋或自动
喷雾喷嘴之间的最大距离不超过3米。
vi. Sprinklers or automatic spray nozzles being used in duct, duct collar, and plenum areas shall be of
the extra high temperature classification (163 to 191°C) and shall have orifice sizes not less than
6.4mm and not more than 13mm. Exception: When use of a temperature measuring device
indicates temperatures above 149°C, a sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle of higher classification
shall be used.
在管道，管道口和增压区域中使用的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴其温度类别应该是超高的(163 至
191°C) 而且应该具有尺寸不小于6.4毫米和不大于13毫米的小孔。例外情况：在使用温度
测量装置来指示高于149°C的温度时，应该使用更高类别的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴。
vii. Access must be provided to all sprinkler or automatic spray nozzles for examination and
replacement.
对所有喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴必须提供通路来进行检查和更换。
viii. Cooking Equipment 烹调设备
a. Cooking equipment (such as deep fat fryers, rangers, griddles, and broilers) that may be a
source of ignition shall be provided in accordance with the provision of item (i).
可能是火灾引发源头的烹调设备（诸如热油炸锅，炉灶，浅锅，和炸锅）应该按照
（i）项中的规定来加以配备。
b
A sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle used for protection of deep fat fryers shall be listed for
that application. The position, arrangement, location, and water supply for each sprinkler or
automatic spray nozzle shall he in accordance with its listing,
应该列出可以应用于保护热油炸锅的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴的清单。每个喷淋或自动喷雾
喷嘴的位置，排列，地点和供水都应该符合其清单。
c. The operation of any cooking equipment sprinkler or automatic spray nozzle shall
automatically shut off all sources of fuel and heat to all equipment requiring protection. Any
gas appliance not requiring protection but located under ventilating equipment shall also be
shut off. All shutdown devices shall be of the type that requires manual resetting prior to fuel or
power being restored.
任何烹调设备的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴在运作时应该关断所有要求保护设备的燃料源和热
源。任何不要求保护但是位于通风设备之下的煤气器具也应该关断。所有被关断的装置
都应该是在恢复燃料或电力之前要求进行手动重新设定的那种类型。
ix. A listed indicating valve shall be installed in the water supply line to the sprinklers and spray
nozzles protecting the cooking and ventilating system.
所列出的指示阀应该安装在通往保护烹调和通风系统的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴供水管路上。
x.
A listed indicating valve shall be installed in the main water supply preceding sprinklers or
automatic spray nozzles having nominal orifice sizes smaller than 9.5mm.
所列出的指示阀应该安装在名义小孔尺寸小于9.5毫米的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴之前的供水主
管上。
xi. A system test connection shall be provided to verify proper operation of equipment specified in
item (viii)(c).
应该配备一个系统试验的接头来验证(viii)(c)项中所规定的设备运行是否妥当。
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
384
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
xii. Sprinklers and automatic spray nozzles used for protecting commercial-type cooking equipment
and ventilating systems shall be replaced annually. Exception: Where automatically bulb-type
sprinklers or spray nozzles are used and annual examination shows no build-up of grease or other
material on the sprinklers or spray nozzles.
用来保护商用烹调设备和通风系统的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴应该每年作更换。例外情况：如果
所使用的喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴是球形自动的，而且每年的检查说明在喷淋或自动喷雾喷嘴
上并没有累积油脂或其它物质。
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
385
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Typical installation showing automatic nozzles being used for the protection of commercial cooking
equipments and ventilation systems
典型安装图表明用来保护商用烹调设备和通风系统的自动喷嘴
“为热油炸锅的保护而列出的- 安素 (ANSUL)
图例：A-排气风扇
B-垂直升管顶部的喷嘴
C-每根枝管中点的喷嘴
D-最大 5’0”
E-水平管喷嘴
© InterContinental Hotels Group – Asia Pacific
2015-01 All Rights Reserved
386
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
SECTION 7 – FIRE LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
F-最大 10’0”
G-棚罩内或管口处的喷嘴
H-最小 1”，最大 12”
I-棚罩增压室中的喷嘴
J-最大 1”
K-按照清单
L-热油炸锅
M-按照清单
N-烹调设备喷嘴
O-烹调设备柜台高度
P-直立烤炉或烤盘烤炉
Q-烤炉隔间或喷嘴
R-烤炉隔间
S-排气罩
7.6.5.3 Computer rooms 计算机房
Shall be protected with Automatic wet pipe sprinkler system, Smoke detectors and Dry Chemical type
ABC handheld extinguishers.
应该使用自动湿管喷淋系统，感烟探测器和干化学制品型 ABC 手持灭火机来保护。
7.6.5.4 Fire Hose Reels 消防水龙带卷轴
Hose reels should be installed in locations as required by the relevant codes. First aid hose reels or racks
are intended for use on smaller fires and should be located on each floor adjacent to fire exits, positioned
so as not to obstruct escape routes. The water supply should be activated automatically when the reel is
extended and be isolated when necessary by a valve at the nozzle. The hose must be a maximum of 30m
in length and should be the rubber type 25mm in diameter and be fitted with a control nozzle and shut
off valve at the end. When the hose is extended from the drum an automatic valve should be activated.
The lengths of non-kinking hose should be limited to approximately 30m as longer hoses become
difficult to use. Rubber hoses are preferred over canvas. The hose reel must be situated on an accessible
location usually adjacent to stair well enclosures. When the hose reel is located on guest floors the hose
must directly access the corridor – not via the escape stair. Fire hose reel are installed based on local
requirement.
水龙带卷轴应该安装在相关法规所要求的地点。急救水龙