BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit 1 Coursebook

BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 1 People or Institutions Making History BUP Mastermind Admission Programme The Unforgettable History Unit: One Lesson: 01 Memorizing part Important words Commentary slaughterhouse arms personnel Chaos Exterminate rein postponed wretch barrack loot possession constitution proceedings downtrodden investigate Taint Agony democracy prorogued assume representative transmit negotiation determination, massacre confront attempt Suppress Appropriate Martyr Secretariat(e) Possession Committee Personnel Magistracy Repetition Correct Spelling Bullet Carriage Massacre Phrasal Verb + Group Verb Cope up with come up with pass through go on carry out end up take place in mowed down overflowing with put on wade over aware of respond to to through commentary on deprive of convert into Preposition Awash with pass through call into (session) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Historic speech – 7 March 1971 Included in Memory of the World Register As - documentary heritage By - UNESCO On - 30 Oct 2017 Streets of Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Rajshahi, and Rangpur - a washed with blood The people of Bengal1) want to be free 2) want to live 3) want their rights ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Bengal people passed through – 23 tragic years Twenty-three years of a history of men and women in agony Years: 1952, 1954, 1958, 1966, 1969 1958 – Ayub Khan declared Martial Law 1969 – Ayub Khan fell from power Yahya Khan – assumed the reins 1966, 7 June – shot dead Six Point Day Mr. Butto declared that → assembly would end up as a slaughterhouse Peshawar to Karachi – shops would be shut down Assembly’s postponed – 1st march 35 members of Assembly came from West Pakistan to take part in The blame was put on – the people of Bengal the finger was pointed at – Bangabandhu General Strike was called – peacefully Yahya had agreed to attend a RTC – 10 March Assembly – called into session on 25 March 4 demands – i) withdraw martial law ii) return all personnel to barracks iii) investigate on murder issue iv) transfer power to the representatives ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ WAPDA – semi govt. organization 28th – employees will collect salaries. Convert every house into a fort You can’t suppress – 70 million people Hindus, Muslims, Bengalis and non-Bengalis – are all brother The struggle this time is a struggle for our emancipation, the time is a struggle is a struggle for feedom Relief Committee – to assist the wounded BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ Directions I. Rickshaws, horses carriages, trains and launches were allowed to move II. The Secretariat, the supreme court, the High Court, Judges Court and semi govt. organizations – (WAPDA) – were not allowed to work. III. 28th – employees will collect salaries. IV. Armed forces – stay in barracks V. Factory owned – pay wages to employees (last 7 days) VI. Banks – open for 2 hours VII. Telephones + Telegram services – continued BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: One Nelson Mandela , from Apartheid Fighter to President Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part Key words Shackle Apartheid Reconciliation Embody Imprisoned Decade Resolve Emancipation Civil War Prestige Charisma Manifestation Healing Chasms Negotiate Advocate Repression Revere Unwavering Epicenter Laureate Statement Dock Domination Resistance Segregation Successor Township Erupt Violence Regime Reuters Reconciliation Acceptance Chasm Tuberculosis Achieve Repression Oppression Apartheid F.W. de Klerk Laureate Rivonia Robben Island Guerrilla Winnie Victor Verster Johannesburg Correct Spelling Phrasal Verb Bring Down Confusion F.W. de Klerk - Unit: 1; Lesson: 2 Miss Clark Unit: 3; Lesson: 3 Important Information: Nelson Mandela, from Apartheid Fighter to President ▪ ▪ A report Prepared by a news agency – Reuters BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ ▪ Place – Johannesburg Date – 15 Dec 2013 Nelson Mandela guided South Africa ; 23-24 (GK) Rainbow nation From : shackles of apartheid To ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ : multi-racial democracy He is an icon of peace and reconciliation Imprisoned for – 3 decades (nearly) Fought against – white domination – Black domination – White minority rule Avoided – civil war Helped (causative verb) him win the support – His prestige and charisma “I have race discrimination most intensely and in all its manifestations.” 22-23 (FASS) Acceptance speech South African’s first black president – 1994 Nobel Peace Prize – 1993 Shared with – F.W. de Klerk – successor of Nelson Mandela – white South African leader – freed Nelson Mandela 3 years earlier Played a prominent role – political repression – AIDS ▪ Left public life – in June 2004 – before 86th birthday ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ “Don’t call me. I’ll call you.” “He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, yours, wherever you are” – said by Nadine Gordimer – Writer and Nobel Laureate (Literature) Charged with capital offences in the 1963 – Rivonia Trial His political testimony – statement from dock 3 statements from book “It is an ideal I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is and ideal for which I am prepared to die.” 21-124 (FASS) Friends called him – Madiba 21-22(FASS) People lauded his – humanity, kindness and dignity Mandela as release – 11 Feb 1990 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme – Victor Verster ▪ Spent – 18 years – Robben Island (Cope Town) ▪ Suffered from – tuberculosis – damage eyes – prostate cancer Important years 1. 1963 - Rivonia Trial 19963 – Nobel 2. 1994 – President 2004 – left public life 1990 - was released Other Years : 1. 2010- last major appearance on public stage 2. 1980s- treatment for tuberculosis 3. 2001- prostate cancer treatment -eye treatment 4. 1964- Mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment 5. 1976- uprising broke out in Soweto 6. 1961- first to advocate armed resistance to apatheid to form the ANC's armed wing ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Prominent Persons – I. F.W. de Klerk – successor II. P.W. Botha – president III. Nadine Gordimer – writer IV. Winnie – wife Important places – Victor Verster Robben Island Cape Town Soweto BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Two Women Unit: One Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Key words Isolation Centrifuge Spacecraft Lauch Cosmonaut Nausea Astronaut Aerosol Atmosphere Vessel Approach Regime Deploy Legislature Malfunction Retrieve Crew Disintigrate Insulate Penetrate Astronaut Nausea Skydiving Schedule Shuttle Aerosol Satellite Retrieve Mission Cosmonaut Vessel Engineering Doctorate Proletaria Correct Spelling Phrasal Verb Take off Break down Peeling off Preposition Responsible for Prior to Expertise in Important Information : ▪ Valentina Tereskova – first to travel into space  Born – in a village, Central Russia – March 6, 1937  Father – tractor driver  Mother – worker in a textile plant  Began schooling – at the age of 8  Completed education – through distant learning  Interested in – parachuting  Trained in – skydiving (at local Aeroclub)  First jump – May 21, 1959 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme – At the age of 22 – Led to her selection as a cosmonaut ▪ ▪ Selected for a project – Proletaria – Feb 16, 1962 – among more than 4 hundred applicants A series of training – weightiness flight, Isolation tests, Centrifuge tests, Rocket theory, Spacecraft engineering, 120 parachute jump and Pilot training in MiG – 15UTI jet fighters ▪ Earned doctorate – in Engineering – in 1977 – From Zhukovsky Air force academy. ▪ ▪ ▪ Presidium member – of the Supreme Soviet Lower house member – of the Russian Legislature Expressed her desire – to fly to Mars – to Vladimir putin – On her 70th birthday ▪ Yuri Gagarin ▪ – – First human being to travel to outer space (FASS 2021-22) In April 1961 – – – – – – June 14, 1963 Valary Bykovsy (FASS 2024-25) Five days Landed 3 hours after Tereskova Vostok – and Vostok – 6 approached each other within 5 kilometers Tereskova communicated with Bykovsky and Khrushchev (Soviet Leader) Communicated by radio Vostok – 5 – BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ – – – – Vostok – 6 final Vostok flight Tereskova and Solovyova 2 hours countdown Tereskova experienced nausea (DU- B unit 2022-23 Correct spelling) and physical discomfort BUP Mastermind Admission Programme - ▪ – She orbitated the earth – 48 times – Spent – 3 days – Maintained – flight log – Took –Photographs of horizon Helped to identity aerosol layers Logged more flight time than the combined times of all American astronauts. Kalpana Chawla  First Indian – born woman  Second person from Indian sub-continent  Born – in Karnal, India –March 17, 1962  Graduated – in Aeronautical Engineering –from Punjab Engineering College  Moved to U.S. in 1982  Master’s degree – Aeronautical Engineering – From the University of Texas  Ph.D – in Aerospace Engineering – from University of Colorado  Completed Schooling – at Tagore Baal Niketan Senior Secondary School, Karnal (Local School )  Space Shuttle Challenger disaster – January 28, 1986 – Broke apart 73 seconds into its flight – Seven crew members died  Joined NASA - in 1988 – As a Vice President – Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) research on vertical take off and landing  Got U.S. citizenship – 1991  Started career as a NASA astronaut – 1995  Selected for first flight – in 1996  Spoke during travelling – “You are just your intelligence.”  Travelled – 10.67 million miles – As many as 252 times around the earth ❖ Mission STS 87 – Her first mission – Nov 19, 1997 – Space Shuttle Columbia – With other astronauts – 15 days, 16 hours, 34 minutes and 4 seconds – 6.5 million miles BUP Mastermind Admission Programme – – ▪ Mission STS 107 – – – – – – – – – ▪ Responsible for deploying the Spartan Satellite Retrieved – Winston Scott, Tako Doi Selected for the mission in 2000 2nd mission Jan 16, 2003 Space Shuttle Columbia With 6 other crew 16 days Columbia disintegrated over Texas on Feb 1, 2003 Chawla and all other crew died only 16 minutes prior to landing Due to a damage in one of Columbia’s wings Important Years I. 21 May 1959 II. 1961 III. 14 June 1963 IV. 16 June 1963 V. 1988 VI. 1996 VII. 19 November 1997 VIII. 16 January 2003 Confusion regarding times – I. II. 15 mins – Brojen Das made world record. 16 mins – Kalpana Chawla died prior to landing. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 06 Dreams BUP Mastermind Admission Programme What is a Dream Unit: 06 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part Key words Reverie Haunting Vague Consider Nightmare Fragment Consensus Unraveling Imagination Empirical Emerge Psychoanalytic Hallucination Vivid Baffling Perspective Aggressive Express Repressed Interpretation Cognitive Stimuli Incorporate Content Clutter Psychotherapy Frightening Awareness Correct Spelling: Fulfillment Stimuli Psychoanalytic Empirical Clutter Emergence Unraveling Vague Phrasal Verb + Group Verb Come up with Long for Account for Preposition: Subjected to Puzzling over Fill with Essential to Important to Clutter from Important to Clutter from Consistent with Incorporate into Number Stimuli (Plural) Important Information : ▪ ▪ When we dream something extremely bad, we call it a nightmare. Dreams have no colour. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ ▪ Sigmund Freud ➢ Theory of dreams suggests that “dreams are a representation of sub conscious desire, thoughts and motivations.” (FASS 23-24) ➢ People are driven by aggressive and sexual instincts that are repressed from conscious awareness. ➢ Book – The Interpretation of Dreams (1899) ➢ Wrote – Dreams are disguised fulfillments of repressed wishes. Other theories – ➢ Dreams are a subjective interpretation. ➢ During dreams the cognitive (FASS 24-25) elements in our brain produce new ideas. ➢ Dreams are the result of our brains trying to interpret external stimuli during sleep. ➢ Dreams serve to ‘Clean up’ clutter from the mind. It can work as a mind – cleaner. ➢ Dreams function as a form of psychotherapy. APJ Abdul Kalam – “Dreams is not that you see in sleep, dream is something that does not let you sleep.” BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Dream Poems Unit: 06 Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part Key words Consider Attempt Vanity Barren Strive Dusty Frozen Achieve Recess Wing Renaissance Essayist Correct Spelling Achieve Recess Playwright Phrase Man of action Make something come true Recesses of the mind A broken- winged bird Barren field Preposition Turn into Important Information: ▪ ▪ William Wordsworth – (1770 – 1850) – English – Romantic Poet – Poet of Nature (FSSS 2021-22) – He considered poets dreamers – “Poets have the ability to turn our wish, our power, our thought into a deed.” Dreams ➢ Author – D.H. Lawrence (FASS 2024-25) – (1885-1930) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme – – – English Poet, Novelist and Essayist More famous as a novelist BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Fist line: All people dream, but not equally. (FASS 2021-2022) Last line: And make them come true. Discussion of 2 types of dreamers. Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their mind, wake in the morning to find that it was vanity. ➢ Day dreamers – dangerous people – They dream with open eyes. ➢ This person is the reflection of the speech by APJ Abdul Kalam. ▪ Author – Langston Hughes (1901-1967) – American – Poet, Novelist and playwright – Leader of the Harlem Renaissance – Attempted to bring changes in the lives of the Black people in the 1920s. ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ First line: Hold fast to dreams Last line: Frozen with snow Mentioned the importance of dreams` “Hold fast to dreams” – mentioned 2 times The next line of “Hold fast to dreams” in second stanza – “For when dreams go” (FASS 2021-22) in first stanza – “For if dreams die” ▪ For if dreams die – Life is a broken- winged bird – Refers to an aimless and meaningless life. For when dreams go – Life is a barren field – Refers to the uselessness of life. Literary Terms: 1. Metaphor – Life is a broken- winged bird (FASS 2020-21/2024-25) – Life is a barren field 2. Personification – For if dreams die – For when dreams go 3. Alliteration - For if dreams die ▪ ▪ BUP Mastermind Admission Programme I have a dream Unit: 06 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Key words Pastor Manacle Exile Oasis Humanitarian Segregation Dramatize Content Abridge Discrimination Creed Vicious Cripple Languish Evident Racist Interposition Nullification Exact Crook Jangle Discord Symphony Prodigious Hambel (FASS 23-24) Gentiles Protestant Spiritual Molehill Hew Nullification Manacle Correct Spelling Mississippi Oppression Pennsylvania Phrasal Verb + Group Verb Hew out Stand up for Live out Preposition Rise up Swelter with Transform into Dripping with Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ “I have a dream” – Speech (FASS 2024-25) – By Martin Luther King Jr – January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968 – American – Pastor, non-violent activist, humanitarian – On August 28, 1963 – In Washington D.C. USA The Negro lives on a lonely island. The dreams is deeply rooted in the American dream. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ “We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all man are created equal.” Mississippi is a state BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ ▪ – Sweltering with the heat of injustice – Sweltering with the heat of oppression Metaphor - the table of brotherhood – A stone of hope Martin Luther had – four children He had dreams of – 1. Mississippi – an oasis of freedom and justice 2. Alabama – join hands 3. His four children will be judges by the content of their character 4. i) Valley shall be – exalted ii) Hill and mountain shall be – made low iii) rough places – plain iv) Crooked places – straight ▪ ▪ ▪ “And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.” With the faith, he will go back to the south. Let freedom from – I. Hilltops of Hampshire II. Mountains of New York III. Heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania IV. Molehill of Mississippi ▪ “Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last.” – sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 10 Lifestyle BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Manners around the World Unit: 10 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part Key words Instruct Norm Serve Leisurely Polite Culture Maintain Indicate Formal Discourage Merely Customary Refuge Aggression Nod Host Accept Greet Extend Receipt Gratitude Gesture Forbidden Etiquette Surf Netiquette Arbitrary Slurping Burping Splattering Refinement Upbringing Concern Buffoon Bother Hire Potential Caveman Cue Inadvertently Upright Slouch Lean Approach Smack Gristle Discreetly Gulp Sneeze Distilled Puff Correct Spelling Foreigner Pepper Buffoon Sauce Manners Potential Etiquette Receipt Forbidden Aggression Occasion civilly Soak up Pick up Tear into Conscientious Phrasal Verb Clear up Puff up BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Preposition Stretching across Reach over Foreign Phrase Id est/ i.e. (Latin) Important Information: ▪ China – Dining Gift Greetings I. Instructed to sit Both hands I. Chopsticks Norm - politely refuse II. Formal dress for formal dinner White flowers – symbol of death Children come to greet you Gift Greetings ▪ Soft Handshake/ Firm handshake – sign of aggression Senior South Africa – Dining I. Time Birthday/Christians II. Casual cloths Share the cost III. Offer help Flowers/chocolates for host family IV. Guest  Oldest male  Male  Children  Women V. Don’t use left hand With foreigners hand shake with smile and eye contact Wait for women Kiss on neck (M-F) – Close Greetings – leisurely marked by good cheers. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ Great Britain – Dining Greetings Handshake – common among British Customary – Someone new Kiss (M-F) meet after long time I. Start at indication To take small gift for host – customary II. Use knife, fork Flowers/ chocolate III. Finger – Barbecue Flowers in advance and informal setting ▪ Middle East – I. Dining Use right hand Gift Given frequently to show love, respect and gratitude Greetings Salam – common II. Use hardly utensils Food items - III. Don’t place left on table Dates – common Shaking hands (M-F) – mutual respect Hug, kiss is forbidden between men and women IV. ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Gift Arts and crafts items Ms. Antara Gomes – and English teacher in a college Every society has particular manners and etiquette to follow Netiquette – etiquette one show on the net Kyle Ingham – the Founder and Editor of ‘The Distilled Man’  An online channel  Helps young people become wellrounded gentle persons. ▪ ▪ ▪ Table Manners 101: Basic Dining Etiquette by Kyle Ingham Good manners are a sign of respect Some tips on table manners – 1. Body language BUP Mastermind Admission Programme 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Starting the meal Requesting help Eating food you don’t like Chewing and talking Excusing yourself from the table Being part of the group ▪ Dinner is meant to be social BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Etiquette Netiquette Unit: 10 Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part Key words Intervene Liberty Eternal Arbitrary Courteous Gratitude Terribly Extravagant Capture Caution Explode Scatter Rewind Investigate Argument Mention Cohesive Serve Forbade Choosy Showy Steal Opinion Toil Wicked Discovered Crept Trouble Furniture Dining Crept up End up Correct Spelling Netiquette Neighbour Courteous Communicate Phasal Verb Count on Hide out Preposition Respectful to ▪ ▪ ▪ Relieve of Result in Succeed in Desired for “I make a distinction between manners and etiquette. Manners as the principles, which are eternal and universal, etiquette as the particular rules which are arbitrary and different in different times, different situations, different cultures.” - Judith Martin Pedro Pablo Sacristan – Spanish writer The machine couldn’t steal gesture BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Food Trends Unit: 10 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Key words Illustration Appeal Manufacture Consumption Intake Obesity Chronic Ingredient Negligible Ooze Clogging Artery Rejection Wane Nourishment Impend Correct Spelling Tiffin Coffee Noodles Canteen Canned juice Fascination Mutton Artery Nutrient Calorie Vegetables Ideally Dessert Beverage Categorize University Phrase A broad umbrella Preposition Reluctant to Associate with Consist of Depend on Fascination with One word substitution Cardiovascular Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Junk foods are processed foods consisting of high calories. Dr. Sunali Sharma – Dietician & Nutritionist Not all fast foods are junk foods Salad – fast food, not junk food Result of consuming- BUP Mastermind Admission Programme i. Junk food – Increase the intake of excess fat, simple carbohydrates and processed sugar. ▪ ▪ Processed sugar may lead to a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity. Hunger is the best sauce. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Fitness Unit: 10 Lesson: 04 Memorizing words Key words Guidance Empty Concentration Spiritual Contemplation Horizon Posture Ritual Instrument Trend Arrangement Harmony Retrospection Entity Preacher Objection Meditation Dissolution Eternal Merge Finitude Infinity Meditate Profound Correct Spelling Heighten Consciousness Preposition Approach to Similar to Dissolution of Control over Phrasal verb Train up Work up Important Information: ▪ Aerobics – An active exercise program – Done to music – Under the guidance of a trainer ▪ Meditation - Broadens the horizon of mind – Creates a situation of calm and quiet order – A bridge between mind and body BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ Yoga – – – – Promotes spiritual unity Through postures and rituals Creates profound self - contentment Practiced by religious personalities Can not be performed both in open and close spaces ▪ Gym – – – Physical exercise done with instruments A place A modern trend in urban localities Sometime under the guidance of trainer ▪ Voltaire - “Meditation is the dissolution of thoughts in eternal awareness or pure. Consciousness without objection, knowing without thinking, merging finitude in infinity.” ▪ The act of thinking deeply and calmly about something in a state of heightened awareness is known as meditation. – It has been a part of some religious tradition. – It helps improve blood circulation. – A way to ‘know thyself’ BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Spending Unit: 10 Lesson: 05 Memorizing Part Key words Entertain Invest Compulsive Ruin Addiction Consumer Psychological Tempted Retail Illustration Appliance Beverage Comprise Nominal Surge Utility Advertisement Genuine Attitude Correct Spelling Shopping Compulsive Flattering Occasion Restaurant Persuade Psychological Budget Phrasal Verb Account for Preposition : Expense on Depend on Lead to Rush for Insist on Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Spending may make us happy or unhappy depending on how and why we spend When spending between a compulsive behavior it makes life stressful. It leads to – i. Financial ruin or debt ii. Unhappiness within families iii. Create psychological problems Overspending is not only related to shopping, but also eating out. Using credit card like taking a loan, may lead people to a debt- trop. ▪ Don't ask yourself "What I need". Rather ask " Can I do without it?" BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 09 Adolescence BUP Mastermind Admission Programme The storm and stress of Adolescence Unit: 09 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part Key words Represent Universal Initiate Transition Maturation Immunodeficiency Characterise Acquisition Exploitation Puberty Tremendous Restrict Determinant Potential Reproductive Intervene Exert Infancy Adolescence Contraception Curtail Mobility Susceptible Vulnerable Adolescence Tremendous Immunodeficiency Intervene Universal Alcohol Cigarette Go through Carry out Cope with Correct Spelling Group Verb Pan through Preposition Vary across Change over Responsible for Abstain from Capable of Vulnerable to Access to Barrier to Depend on Responsibility to Different from irrespective of Belong to ▪ Some stages of growth – i. Infancy – birth to age 2 ii. Early childhood – 3 to 8 years BUP Mastermind Admission Programme iii. iv. v. ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Later childhood – 9 to 12 years Adolescence – 13 to 18 years Adulthood – 18+ WHO identifies adolescence as the period in human growth and development. Critical transition – childhood ➢ adolescence ➢ adulthood Adolescence is a period of 1. preparation for adulthood 2. tremendous growth 3. potential 4. considerable risks The biological determinants for adolescence – universal Characteristics vary across 1. time 2. cultures 3. socio-economic situations The factors which are responsible for the change – – Education – Urbanization – Global Communication STI – Sexually Transmitted Infection HIV – Human immunodeficiency Virus ▪ Adults have unique opportunities to influence adolescents ▪ Laws, customs and practices may also affect adolescents differently than adults ▪ Adolescents are not fully capable of understanding complex concepts ( the relationship between behaviour and consequences) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Adolescence and some (Related) Problem in Bangladesh Unit: 09 Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part Key words Renewal Subordination Marginalisation Violence Abuse Contraception Mortality Curtail Fertility Neonatal Undernourish vulnerable Pregnancy Anaemia Affluent Dowry Anaemia Correct Spelling Wedding Phrasal Verb Take place Drop out Pull out (FASS 23-24) Preposition Vulnerability To Lead to Unaware of Exclusion from According to Tend to Important Information: ▪ According to WHO – ✓ Adolescence is the period which shapes the future ✓ 28 million adolescents in BD – 13.7 million girls – 14.3 million boys – There are more adolescent boys than adolescent girls in BD. ▪ Legal age of marriage in BD – i. 18 – for girls ii. 21 – for boys BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ 33% girls – marry before 15 60% girls – become mothers by the age of 19 ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ The situation of adolescent girls in Bangladesh is characterised by - inequality and subordination ( within the family and society) When a girl gets married, she usually drops out of school. When adolescent girls are pulled out of school, they lose mobility In the in-laws house, she is marginalized It's common for a bride's family to pay dowry though it is illegal Dowry can continue after wedding also Adolescent brides and their families are uninformed about 1. Reproductive health 2. Contraception ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Neonatal mortality – concern for younger mothers More than 50% girls – suffer from Anaemia The maternal mortality rate for adolescents is double the national rate. Only about 3 in 5 adolescents have been heard of HIV. Adolescent fertility rate has increased from 20.3% (1993) to 24.4% (2007) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Why Does a Child Hate School? Unit: 09 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Key words Fundamental Dour Sighing Dreary Imply Plead Dismay Tender Supportive Drudgery Droop Bud Harsh Skylark Bower Nip Cage Outworn Worn Strip Mellow Appear Invoke Blast Endure Huntsman Recognize Morn Nipped Blossom Pent up (adj) Correct Spelling Innocence Stripped Preposition Plead death Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Children’s right to education – fundamental right Classrooms look like – cages Rabindranath Tagore found this system of education unacceptable. William Blake – (1757 – 1857) – English – Poet and Painter – Favourite subjects – children The Schoolboy ✓ First line – 1 love to rise in a summer morn. ✓ Last line – When the blasts of winter appear ✓ Taken from – Songs of innocence and experience ✓ Gist – i) Children’s inborn feelings of owned with nature. ii) The negative side of formal learning. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ✓ Speaker – A young boy – Unhappy with his school – Loves to rise in a summer morn – Skylark sings with him – Compared to a caged bird ✓ Mood – i) First stanza: joyous, optimistic, innocent ii) Remaining stanzas: loss of innocence, bitterness, experiences ✓ The poem – • Begins by involving a bright summer morning and ends with a blast of winter • Moves between innocence and loss of innocence ✓ Bird – Skylark ✓ Seasons – summer, winter, spring ✓ Literacy Terms – Metaphor – Sweet company, Summer morn Cruel eye, Drooping sit Anxious hour, Learning’s bower Dreary shower, Fears annoy Youthful spring, Tender plants Tender wing, Springing day Mellowing year ✓ Mellowing year – Autumn ✓ “How can the bird that is born for joy sit in a case and sing?” BUP Mastermind Admission Programme The story of Shilpi Unit: 09 Lesson: 04 Memorizing Part Key words Empowerment Complication Offspring Trustworthy Tool Hemorrhage Newlyweds Voluntary Reproductive Fistula Rift Counselling Obstruct Evident Peer Morbidity Hemorrhage Counsellor Cigarette Voluntary Volunteer Victim Correct Spelling Phrasal Verb Speak out Help out Preposition Marry off Pertain to Discussion on Related to Lead to Return to Compare to Aim to Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Shilpi Married – Rashid – At her 15 – In 2008 She joined a local empowerment group after marriage. NGO – Non government organization Those NGOs work through – Canada’s adolescent Reproductive Health Project Maternal mortality rate – 2017 – 173 maternal deaths per 100,000 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ 2001 – 322 maternal deaths per 100,000 Obstructed childbirth causes1. Hemorrhage 2. Fistula 3. Painful internal injury ▪ This leads to 1. Maternal morbidities 2. Social exclusion ▪ ▪ ▪ By taking the help of a parent peer, they handled the pressure for having children. Women are more likely to be victims of physical violence than sexual violence. Young women aged 20-24 are more likely to have experienced physical violence than adolescents aged 15-19. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Say ‘No’ to Bullying Unit: 09 Lesson: 05 Memorizing Part Key words Deliberate Bully Executive Scorn Misuse Taunting Disseminate Offence Verbal Rumour Humiliate Obscene Individual Spitting Legal Corrupt Perceive Tripping Mean Prejudice Instigate Imprisonment Lodge Regulatory Perpetrator Launch Intimidation Reputation Attitude Liable Practitioner Response Correct spelling Cyber Deliberate Tripping Suicide Harassment Embarrass Commission Regulatory Disseminate Phrase Inter alia (Latin), Exempli gratia/e.g(Latin) Phrasal verb Carry out Preposition Lead to Scorn at Complain to Liable to Intend to BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Bullying – Ongoing and deliberate misuse of power in relationships – Through verbal, physical and social behaviour – By individual or group Types of bullying and their examples (book) According to UNICEF – ✓ 35% school students experience bullying in Bangladesh (2014). ✓ Half of students around 150 million experienced peer-to-peer violence. ✓ Age between 13 and 15 ✓ Data from – the Health Behaviour in School aged Children: Cross – national Study and the Global School- based Student Health Surveys. ✓ The data represent 51% of the global population including 122 contries (age between 13 and 15) ✓ 1 in 3 experience bullying + physical fights ✓ 17 million – bullying others at school - In 39 industrialised countries. Henrietta Fore – UNICEF Executive Director – “Education is the key to building peaceful societies, and yet, for millions of children around the world, school itself is not safe.” – “Violence is an unforgettable lesson that no child needs to learn.” – Impact: ✓ Short – term: on learning ✓ Long – term: depression, anxiety and suicide Girls – victims of psychological forms Boys – victims of physical forms Cyber bullying – An act done by a person against another person – By using electronic communication – Punishable under the ICT ACT 2006 – Punishment imprisonment and/or fine – BTRC (Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission) is supposed to – • Take actions within 24 hours • Bring justice within 3 days – Punishable under the penal code 1860 if the harassment amounts to criminal intimidation. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ First step – internal reporting process Seven ways to Deal with Cyber Bullying – 1) Don’t respond instantly 2) Save all the evidence 3) Talk to someone you trust 4) Be genuine 5) Just Block and delete 6) Protect Passwords 7) Don’t be a bystander, be a friend BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 07 Youthful Achievers BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Brojen Das: On Conquring the English Channel Unit: 07 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Key words Legendary Encounter Reputation Tentative Abridge Stiff Stamina Defeat Captivate Accompany Grit Immense Faint Ounce Subdue Oblivious Exhausted Goad Conspire Sap Famish Squeeze Momentum Craggy Treachery Conquer Plunge Dangle Squeeze Stiff Momentum Look up Swim on Edged on Turn out Go on See off Correct spelling Ferry Fulfill Phrasal Verb Preposition Strive for Shout for Oblivious of Phrase/ Idiom • Last drop of anergy • To be on top of the world • • To get one’s teeth into With all one’s might • To be crowned with success BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information: ▪ Brojen Das – First person from Asia to swim across the English Channel in 1958 – Crossed English Channel 6 times – Set world record in 1961 – Died on 1 June 1998 ❖ Award/ Trophy 1) The National Sports award – From the government of Bangladesh – In 1976 2) The Swadhinata Padak Award – From the government of Bangladesh – In 1999 (Posthumously) 3) The pride of performance award – From the government of Pakistan – In 1959 4) The King of Channel Trophy – From UK – In 1986 ▪ “I had not failed my country” – a memoir – By Brojen Das – Published on Oct 27, 1961 (Friday) – In The Morning News ▪ Quazi Mohammad Ali – manager Len Hutchinson - skipper Mr. J.U. Wood ▪ ▪ ▪ - Official observer Treachery of Weather – Weather and ill luck have conspired to defeat – They had defeated no less than 5 times The final shot – Shot on 9 December 1961 (5th time) – BBC-TV – 11 hours and 48 minutes swim time – Fixed tentative date – September – Took the ferry to Calais on 20 September Sea Sick – Sea- sickness was the main cause of failure to set world record – Got sea- sick in the ferry – Stayed at the cap Gris Nez hotel at the night – Jumped into water within 12 days of 5th swim – Cap Gris Nez village had turned out to wish him BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ ▪ Plunge and After – In water, one gets oblivious of time, distance or direction – The second half of the swim was more difficult. – He felt sorry for refusing the proposal of the manager not to eat. – If he had gone one, he might have finished in less than 10 hours and 15 minutes creating a new world record from both sides. Last efforts – He could see the record. – Saw the flash on the kent shore. – He had broken the world record by 15 minutes. – 11 hours and 33 minutes – Time – 4.35 a.m. GMT (22 Sept) They crossed the English Channel by a small boat. (FSSS 2022-23) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Scaling a Mountain Peak or Riding Your Dream? Unit: 07 Lesson: 04 Memorizing Part Key words Charming Influence Direst Inevitable Apparently Obstacle Calamitous Cherish Inspirational Courage Conquer Expedition Extraordinary Determination Adventure Consecutive Accountant Overcome Summon Dedication Trekking Accompany Improbable Summit Correct spelling Pursue (RU C unit, 22-23) Enroll Mountaineer Businessman Perseverance Trekking Campaign Accompany Expedition Inevitable Apparently Anniversary Calamitous Ambassador Adventurer Phrasal Verb Come of Come across Preposition Enroll for expedition to Interested in BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information: ▪ Nishat Mazumdar – A mountaineer and a sports icon – 5 January 1981 – living – Teori, Ramganj, Lakshmipur – Comes of a modest background – Father: Businessman – Mother: Ashura Mozumdar  Housewife  Pillar of support for her family – Works for Dhaka WASA as an accountant. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme – – Second of 4 siblings Three things to be proud of – 1. Supportive family 2. Freedom fighter father 3. 1st Bangladeshi girl who scaled highest peak in the world  Mount Everest  8850 meters/ 29035 feet  2012, 19 May ❖ Education – 4. Completed schooling – Bottomley Home Girls’ High School – 1997 5. Passed HSC - Shahid Anwar Girls’ College – 1999 6. Bachelor’s and Master’s degree - Dhaka City College – ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ In accounting 7. Enrolled for MA - Dhaka University – In Japan Studies Christopher Reeve - Played the role of Superman – “So many of our dreams at first seem impossible, then they seem improbable, and then, when we summon the will, they soon become inevitable.” - Speeched at the Democratic National Convention (1996) 29 May 1953 – Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay reached the summit of Mount Everest as first People. 29 May 2003 – Nishat Mazumdar reached the summit of Keo Kradong. – 967 feet high – To celebrate 50th anniversary of their conquest of Everest. – Nishat walked for 3 consecutive days with 15 backpack to make her body ready for the climb. Bangladesh Mountaineering and Trekking Club (BMTC) - Nishat joined in 2006 Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, Darjeeling, India - Nishat completed a basic training course in 2007. Nepal – Bangladesh Friendship Peak - Mountain Peak in Himalayas “Because I am a Girl” - Nishat was an ambassador here of Plan International Bangladesh. nd M.A. Mohit - 2 Bangladeshi to reach the summit of the world’s highest peak. - 2011 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ Wasfia Nazreen - First Bangladeshi woman and first Bengali to climb seven summits of the world. - Targeted Everest for the 3rd - Celebrated 40 years of independence of Bangladesh by climbing seven summits. - Reached Everest – May 26, 2012 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme The Unbeaten Girls Unit: 07 Lesson: 05 Memorizing Part Key words Assumption Illuminate Solitary Comrade Vigour Metaphorically Dominate Epic Naïve Literally Regional Malnutrition Counterpart Emerge Seize Adversity Consecutively Recognition Overwhelm Convince Chore Ambitious Persuade Odd Inhibition Fare Representative Groom Obscure Equivalent Unleash Intrinsic Reciprocal Correct spelling Barbie Vigour Naïve Intelligence Guardian Jersy Fulfill Immediately Inhibition Peer Opponent Competitor Counsellor Tournament Phrasal verb Move on Preposition Familiar with Satisfied with Overwhelmed at Agree to Attention to Illuminated with BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ The girls of Kalsindur village under Dhobaura upazila a Mymensingh district illuminated both literally and metaphorically. Kalsindur - A football factory – A symbol of girl power – No electricity even a few years ago Kalsindur Government Primary School – Hat- trick record of championship – Bangamata Begum Fazilatunnesa Mujib Gold Cup Primary School Tournament – 2013, 2014, 2015 Kalsindur Secondary School – Four- time record of championship – National Summer Sports Competition – 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019 AFC Under 14 Regional Football Tournament 2015 – In Nepal – Winner: BD girls’ team dominated by Kalsindur footballers. AFC Under 14 Regional Football Tournament 2016 – In Tajikistan – 8 Kalsindur girls including the captain and the highest scorer Hong Kong Under – 15 Women’s Jockey Cup – Winner: Bangladesh National Women’s Football Team – Kalsindur Girls led the match. st 1 Bangamata International Under-19 Woman Tournament – BD and Laos (Jointly) – In 2019 st 1 SAFF Under-18 Women Tournament – In Bhutan – In 2018 Tahura (highest scorer) requested to nationalize their secondary school. Persons who played a prominent role – Primary School Secondary School 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Mohammad Mafiz Uddin Minati Rani Sheel Mala Rani Sarkar Mr. Jalaluddin Juel Mia Golam Robbani Choton – Assistant Teacher – Head Teacher – Assistant Professor of History – Head Teacher – Coach of the Bangladesh Women’s National Football Team. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 08 Relationships BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Family Relationship Unit: 08 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part Key words Seak Companionship Inspire Intimate Establish Existence Pursue Foster Isolation Provide Lesson possessive Quarrell Misery Precondition Attitude Correct spelling Profession Quarrelling Quarrel Possessive Pursue Important Information: ▪ Aristotle – A Greek Philosopher – “Man is by nature a social animal” – Man establishes relationships for1. Companionship 2. Physical support 3. Emotional support ▪ Relationship can be of – 1. Familial and intimate – Formed by blood and by marriage 2. Social – Formed by bond (friends, teachers) ▪ Relationships – ▪ ▪ ▪ ➢ Give meaning to our existence ➢ Provide- support, love, affection ➢ Are needed for emotional health ➢ Need build- trust, respect, love ➢ For effective relationship- we can’t be selfish and possessive A person who has no family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation Quarrelling and fighting bring – misery and loss Sharing – ➢ Joy – redoubles ➢ Sorrow – lessens BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Confusion ❖ Need – Trust - Respect - Love ❖ Provide – Support - Love - Affection ❖ A warrior of light carries – Faith - Hope - Love ❖ 5 rules for A warrior of Light- faith - companions - time - space - strategy ❖ Pain – Loneliness - Isolation ❖ Joy – Redoubles - Lessens BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Family Relationship Unit: 08 Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part Key words Crack Ache Labor Blaze Splinter Chronic Polish Austere Blueback Indifferently Toil Perspective Nostalgic Regretful Foster Correct spelling Alliteration Austere Phrasal verb Carry out Put on Preposition Born into Important Information: ▪ Robert Hayden – (1913-1980) – Born into a poor family in Detroit, USA – Had eyesight problems – Raised by foster problems – Nationality: American – Wrote about black experiences – Author of ‘Those Winter Sunday’ (FASS 2024-25) Confusion regrading the Black’s related movement/writings – 1. Langston Hughes – Harlen Renaissance 2. Robert Hayden – Black experience 3. Maya Angelou – Black vernacular BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ Gist point of the poem – i) Fatherhood ii) Father-son relationship iii) Maturity and realization iv) The under appreciation of paternal sacrifice ▪ ▪ ▪ The poem “Those winter Sundays” has a kind of sadness to it that is equal parts nostalgic and regretful Literary Terms – 1) Metaphor – Blueblack cold − Cracked hands − Chronic angers 2) Alliteration – Weekday weather − Banked blaze − When, were, warm − Love, lonely − Clothes, cold, cracked 3) Personification – The chronic angers of that house - Love’s austere and lonely offices Speaker of the poem – Son - Who took his father for granted - Realized in his adulthood - Heared cold splintering, breaking Confusion – Hearing of – 1. 2. 3. 4. ▪ Cold splintering, breaking Lake water draping with low sounds Moan Thrush’s soft song – Those winter Sundays – The lake Isle of Innisfree. – Alone – I have seen Bengal’s Face First line: Sundays too may father got up early Last line: Love’s austere and lonely offices? BUP Mastermind Admission Programme A Mother in Manville Unit: 8 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Key words Seemingly Torn Splendid Kindle Troublesome Orphanage Pending Integrity Subtopics Interruption Miraculous Bedded Startle Consistence Quarter Refuse Overalls Predicate Cubbyhole Subterfuge Gracious Predicate Cubbyhole Courtesy Instinctive Granite Intimate Communion Treacherously Laurel Impelled Passionate Resentment Yearn Lean Lately Savoring Circumstance Content Fury Imperial Vermilion Corn shock Pumpkin Walnut Chestnut Bough Spinster Parturition Regional Ecstasy Doze Orphanage Malaria Chopping Training Consistent Accurately Superintendent Assure Mannville Parturition Resentment Circumstances Literature Hemorrhage Subtopics Supper Interruption Granite Treacherously Quiet Duplicate Mosquito Correct spelling BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Group verb Blow out, Look up, Go ahead, Look at, Turn away, Come up, Go over, Go up, Ask for Preposition Deal with, Focus on, Base on, Insist on, Fill with, Yearn over, Content with, Die from Committed to, Fury at Gender Spinster (feminine) Important Information: ▪ - Author of ‘A Mother in Mannville’ - Marjorie Kinnan (M.K.) Rawlings - American - (1896 – 1953) - Born – August 8, 1896, Washington D.C. - Won a prize of $2 for a short story ✓ Published in the Washington Post ✓ In 1907 - BA in English ✓ University of Wisconsin Married Charles Rawlings (Writer) ✓ Lived in New York together - Lived with her second husband BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Norton Baskin (hotel owner) in Florida until her death. - Die from a cerebral hemorrhage on December 14, 1953 - A writer of local or regional literature. ✓ Setting – rural area of Southern USA ✓ Theme – Universal Point of view : First person point of view Setting : i) Autumn (time) (Place, time) : ii) Carolina mountains (place) [FASS 2024-25] Writer had – Malaria - she wanted mountain air to blow out the malaria. Writer was homesick for – i) Maples in October ii) Corn shocks iii) Black- walnut trees iv) Pumpkins ✓ She found all of them living in a cabin belonged to the orphanage. ✓ The cabin was half a mile beyond the orphanage farm. Writer’s companion was – Pat (Dog) Writer saw Jerry first time at one late afternoon. He wrote – overalls BUP Mastermind Admission Programme - A torn shirt - Was barefooted ▪ Jerry – Probably 12 years old - Came at the orphanage at his 4. - Hair: color of corn shocks - Eyes: i) direct like the mountain sky ii) when rain is pending iii) color of gray with a shadowing of that miraculous blue. - A free – will agent - Did unnecessary thinks for the writer i) put kindling and medium wood ii) dig a deeper hole and steadied a loose stone - “Thank you” was an expression for which he had no use, for his courtesy was instinctive. - Became intimate with Pat - Stayed 2 days with Pat - Came to the writer at night and sat by the fire with her - Refused to take repair money - Could chop wood as well as a man - Didn’t come to say good- bye to the writer. - Told the writer “You look a little bit like my mother, especially in the dark and by the fire”.  His mother lived in Mannville.  She came every summer to see Jerry.  She hadn’t any job then.  She sent a suit for Christman that Jerry had on last Sunday. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  She wanted to give Jerry a puppy.  She sent a pair of skates the Christmas before.  She liked white gloves. ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Jerry did not eat his dinner this noon Jerry brought the writer back − Vermilion maple leaves − Chestnut boughs dripping with imperial yellow Writer watched Jerry go in silence up the hill. Writer wanted to talk with Miss Clark about Jerry’s mother. Writer gave some money to buy thing for Jerry at Christmas and on his birthday to Miss Clark. Miss Clark blinked her honest spinster’s eyes. Writer gave Jerry I. A quarter – for cutting wood II. Candy, apples – for his thoughtfulness III. A dollar – for taking care of Pat  Jerry wanted to buy a pair of gloves for his mother. The blows of chopping wood were rhythmic and steady. − The sound no more of and interruption thana consistent rain. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. Miss Clark said to the writer that Jerry had no mother. Jerry’s only a subterfuge is to say he has a mother. Confusion 01 i. Miss Clark – Unit: 8, Lesson: 03 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme ii. F.W de Klerk – Unit: 1, Lesson: 02 Confusion 02 i. ii. iii. Gray – American – "The Old Man at the Bridge" by Ernest Hemingway – A mother in Mannville Grey – British – The lake Isle of Innisfree Confusion 03 i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. Amerigo 13 Shilpi 15 Jerry – Probably 12, came to orphanage - 4 Maya Angelou – died at the age of 86 The old man 76 Alex 11 Confusion 04 i. ii. iii. Lie – Lied – Lied Lay – Laid – Laid Lie – Lay – Lain BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit : 04 Human Rights BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit : 04 Lesson : 01, 02, 03 I) Are We Aware of These Rights – 1? II) Are We Aware of These Rights – 2? III) Rights to Health and Education Memorizing Part Key words Impose Arbitrary Consent Interference Dominate Detention Manifest Correspondence Equivalent Exile Compelled Reputation Liberty Persecutive Endow Dissolution Servitude Territory Suffrage Deprive Wedlock Comply Asylum Formulate Invoke Impart Worship Frontier BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Correct spelling Territory Conscience Association Assembly Interference Correspondence Asylum Persecution Suffrage Dismissal Dissolution Proceeding Maintenance Adequate Compelled Compel Elementary Fundamental Assistance Compulsory Accessible Refuge (€দ্বTস্তু ) Refuge (অिি GℕN) Observance Phrasal verb Take part in, Come up with, Born out Preposition Belong to Endow with Comply with Entitle to Compelled to Enter into Pick up Deprive of BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Gender Spouse (Common)  UN adopted ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ in 1948. Some prominent articles are stated below – Article 1 : All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and should act towards one another in the spirit of brotherhood. Article 2 : Right of all right and freedom set forth in the Declaration. Article 3 of person. : Right of life, liberty and security Article 12 : Right of protection of law against interference or attacks. Article 14(A) : Right to seek and enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. Article 15.(1) : Right to a nationality BUP Mastermind Admission Programme (2) : No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. Article 16.(1) : Right to marry and found a family. (2) : Free and full consent of the intending spoused. (3) : The family is entitled to protection by society and the state. Article 18 : Right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Article 19 : Right to freedom of opinion and expression, freedom to hold opinions without interference. Article 20.(1) : Right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. (2) : No one may be compelled to belong to an association. Article 21.(1) : Right to take part in the government (2) : Right to equal access to public service BUP Mastermind Admission Programme (3) : The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government. Article 25.(1) : Right to health and well-being (2) : Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. Article 26.(1) : Right to education. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Higher to all on the basis of merit. (2) : It shall achieve the activities of the UN for the maintenance of people. (3) : Right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to children for parents. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit Amerigo, a Street Child : 04 Lesson : 04 Memorizing Part Key words Contradict Trash Refuse Vender Sort Beg Dump Rubbish Collect Evaluate Separate Infection Pile Correct spelling Rubbish Separate Prepostion Die of Separate from Married to Confusion Convert into BUP Mastermind Admission Programme we‡q Kiv – Married to we‡q †`Iqv - Married off (Unit: 4, Lesson: 4) (Unit: 9, Lesson: 4)  The story is stated in direct speech (1st person narrative)  Amerigo – 13 years old − Lives on street − Father: lives for away Mother: married to someone else − Streets are his home − Used to collect trash and sell − Had a serious infection − Once worked for an ice-cream shop owner but got no money − Lucky because he is alive  Amerigo’s one of the friends recently killed after into a hole.  A boy Amerigo knows lost one of his eyes after a piece of hot glass flew into his eye and the owner refused to pay for medical help.  Shoe- shining is very popular among the street kids.  The story contradicts the idea behind the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit : 05 Education and Life BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Why Education? Unit : 05 Lesson : 01 Memorizing Part Key words Function Articulate Conflict Progressive Ability Affair Expand Liberal Rationally Critical Welfare Foster Operation Deviation Potential Competency Arithmetic Impact Productive Bounty Motto Industrious Enrich Interpersonal Compassion Possess Inspection Toss Stranded Ridiculous Illustrate Attendee Frantically Collide Pursuit Distinguish Correct spelling Arithmetic Appreciate Competitive Competency Philosopher Societal Individual Possess BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Ocean Ridiculous Balloon Pursuit Collide Progressive Belong to Fall into Attendee Preposition Pick up from Through into Collide with Deviate Combine with Phrasal verb Look for Important information:  Education gives us – Knowledge − A set of abilities − The ability to decide things rationally − Ability to make the right choices.  The first thing education does is – to give us awareness.  Benefits of education – I. Makes us aware II. Prepares every child to become an active member of the community BUP Mastermind Admission Programme III. IV. Releases potentials and inner strengths Helps us to sharpen our intellect and creativity V. Develops us as competitive individuals VI. Teaches us how to distinguish between the right and the wrong  Education is by definition – progressive and liberal  A Bangla poem tells us “Nature can be our best teacher”.  Sky = liberal; wind = industrious  Education also teaches us values.  Values can be – Individual − Interpersonal − Organizational or societal  Victor Hugo – a famous French writer − (1802 – 1805) − “He who opens a school door, closes a prison.”  Story 1 : The Starfish story i. Setting : Sandy sea beach ii. Characters : An old man and a young boy iii. Moral : To initiate little things to make a difference iv. Theme : Moral value  Story 2 : Finding Happiness BUP Mastermind Admission Programme v. vi. vii. Setting : Seminar Characters : The speaker, 50 attendees Moral : Happiness lies in the happiness of the people. viii. Theme : Moral value.  Everyone is frantically looking for happiness, not knowing where it is.  The purpose of human life - the pursuit of happiness. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit The Parrot’s Tale : 05 Lesson : 02 Memorizing Part Key words Unlettered Roval Twig Snuff Recite Summon Goldfish Scribes Scripture Command Gild Bullock Hopped Deliberate Exquisite Merrily Fruiterer Ponder Workmanship Wipe Personnel Chests Cushion Detractor Respect Slander Percussion Counselor Courtier Tuff Mount Lurk Startle Demonstration Ream Quill Screech Innate Reprehensible Flutter Imprudence Bellows Furnace Hammer BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Anvil Fasten Lance Quill Extend Bedeck Rumour Hop Cavalry Squeak Rustle Wistful Melancholy Building Ambition Enthusiastic Hypocritical Ridicule Shortcoming Folly Vice Downfall Humorous Ponder Veritable Beak Devour Feable Counselor Percussion Blacksmith Correct spelling Devour Personnel Labour Cushion Maintenance Bullock Excellence Quill Reprehensible Furnace Screech Bellows Hammer Rumour Ridicule Exquisite Veritable Negligible Feeble Impudence Rumour Humorous BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Group verb Turn up Bring Down Turn out Look out Look after Preposition Faster on Arm with Associate with Entrust with Thrust into Load onto Deal with Gender Nephew (masculine) Bullock (masculine)  The Parrot’s Tale – a satire + short story − Written by Rabindranath Tagore (FASS 23-24) − Translated by Kaiser Haq (FASS 2023-24) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − Critizes the education system.  The king commanded the minister to educate the bird.  The task of educating fell on the king’s nephews.  The scribes loaded their wages onto – bullocks.  The king mounted – the elephant.  The nephew was rewarded with – a gold chain.  Police inspector was rewarded with – a medal for his alertness  Gold ornaments bedecked – the blacksmith’s wife’s body.  The green shouts of early spring sighed (Personification) in - the southerly breeze - Filling the sky with wistful melancholy BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  Satire : a genre of literature in which vices, follies, abuse and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government or society itself into improvement.  Tragedy : a play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending, especially one concerning the downfall of the main character.  Comedy : a kind of literary work that is amusing and satirical or humorous happy ending. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit Civic Engagement : 05 Lesson : 03 Memorizing Part Key words Civic Contrast Contribute Concern Engagement Promote Well-being Consider Illuminate Motivation Discrimination Recognize Crucial Protect Unjust Rally Petition Assess Decision Implementation Strategy Spontaneous Solidarity Atrocity Exile Injustice Envoy Coexist Plight Onrush Administration Rescue Accommodate Ensure Substantial Assistance BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Vacant Introvert Donate Plea Municipality Monitor Pool Correct spelling Decision Budget Petition Programme Assess Implentation Spontaneous Volunteerism Strategy Commission Refugee Accommodate Molasses Hygiene Rescue Assistance Scenario Guardian Carry out Work out Agency Phrasal verb Call for over Come across Foreign phrase Take up Take BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Id est (i.e) Preposition Solidarity with to Concern about Contribute Contrast with Coexist with Worry about  Education aims to bring about positive changes in behavior.  Civic engagement – Working to make a different to eradicate citizen’s complication. − Promotes the quality of life in a community. − Contributes to improving health and well-being of the people. − Issues of public concern are crucial.  Volunteerism – Spontaneous − Irregular − Not a part of any academic programme BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  Service learning – Part of any academic programme - assessed by a following scale  Scenario 1 : − Civic engagement − Anjelina Jolie, a famous Hollywood actress, came to Bangladesh as UNHCR’s special envoy to express her solidarity with the Rohingya refugees in February 2019. − She called for expanded access to education for Rohingya children. − The Rohingya lived in the Arakan state of Myanmar. − She said, “you have every right not to be stateless, and the way you have been treated shames us all.  Scenario 2 : − Volunteerism BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − Ahmed, Swapan, Rakib and Niladri went to Sunamgonj to work for the flood victims. − They collected 3,00,000 taka  Scenario 3 : − Service learning − Alex, an eleven years old boy, lived in California − He expressed his intension to do something for the winter affected people in the Romanian town to his teacher. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme A warrior of Light Unit : 05 Lesson : 04 Memorizing Part Key words Enlighten Urge Paralyse Hesitate Consider Embark Virtue Seagull Expert Aspire Gazelle Expert Uncertainly Companion Accuracy Grain Inspire Empty Generous Nasty Unspiritual Combat Miracle Spear Ally Appear Correct spelling Appreciate Seagull Gazelle Accuracy Paralyse Crumble Generous Expert Spear Truly Opportunity Hyena BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Phrasal verb Set down End up Preposition Fall into Move around Crumble into Lie in Aware of Rely on N.B. In the sentence, ‘on’ acts as an adverb  Paulo Coelho – A Brazilian writer − Considers a truly educated man a warrior of light − Book – “Manual of the Warrior of Light” − Sets 5 rules by referring to a Chinese philosopher, Chuan Tze of the 4th century BC 1. Faith 2. Companions 3. Time 4. Space 5. Strategy BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  Some excerpt from the “Manual of the Warrior of Light” – ▪ A warrior of light knows his faults and qualities. ▪ He knows that – Gazelle’s power lies in its strong legs. − Seagull’s power lies in the accuracy − The tiger doesn’t fear the hyena because he is aware of his own strength. ▪ He carries 3 things with him – 1. Faith 2. Hope 3. Love ▪ He never says ‘yes` with his lips, if in his heart, he is saying no`. ▪ On one sign is written: ‘Think about yourself. Keep all the blessing for yourself, otherwise you’ll end up losing everything. ` BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit : 13 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Tours and Travels BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Travelling to a Village Unit : 13 in Bangladesh Lesson : 01 Memorizing Part Key words Predominately Clump Scare Coco-palm Onslaught Reflect Moonlit Cart Extract Paddy Cottage Tranquil Firefly Blaze Thatch Wave Intricate Remote Remonstrate Plead Evidence Amusement Permanent Gather Lantern Curtain Crawl Strange Crisis Mild Annoyance Crown BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Accompany Decade Grid memoir Correct spelling Memoir Suitcase Cottage Intermediate Clump Lantern Commissioner Permanent Curtain Bamboo Annoyance Rally Cheese Accompany Character Group Verb Set out Set up Look at Preposition Compare to Pass through Turn out BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  A. G Stock – European − English Professor of Dhaka University, taught between 1947 and 1951 and again in 1972. − Memoirs of Dacca University 1947 – 1951 − The memoir is nearly 7 decades ago  Author set out on the evening of July 21st to Khorshed’s home, a village in Sonaimuri with Khorshed.  Abdul packed food with her because of the scarcity of food in the village.  They travelled – Intermediate class − In a class country train − Not uncomfortably crowded − The night was moonlit − The land was mostly under water with paddy and cocopalms growing from it.  There was red glow of a lantern of fisherman’s boat in open water.  They reached Sonaimuri at down and had 8 more miles by country boat.  Author felt asleep in the boat because of the tranquil water.  Author’s journey – BUP Mastermind Admission Programme 1. By train ( At evening ) → Sonaimuri (At dawn) 2. By boat (8 Miles) → Khorshed’s home  They offered coconut juice to the author.  Khorshed set up a camp; a wooden bed, chair and table in at thatched bamboo outside for the author.  Fireflies wove intricate dances at night.  The fact that prevented villagers coming from 10 miles round – 1. Rain 2. Not to be rich enough to have boats BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  Khorshed’s fixed some curtains round the bed and the author crawled behind the villagers.  Author – First European to visit the village in 2 countries. − Tired of being looked at like a zoo animal − Stood up to being the celebrity for the 2 days  A small boy pleaded to Khorshed not to send them away. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Arriving in the Orient Unit : 13 Lesson : 02 Memorizing Part Key words Continent Extract Glorious Sail Colonial Arrival Attitude Herald Fortune Typical Mediterranean Landscape Quest Mind-set Dismissive Porpoise Serve Fantasize Native Plough Skim Terror Approach Phosphorescent Bow Arrowhead Anticipation Punkah Reverently Moustache Gallop Whack Propel Stain Betel Yell Descend Prow Besought Nasty Quay Discharge Fetch Row Scent Sandalwood Spittle Turmeric Lukewarm Crawl Cinnamon Edge BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Egret Poised Parch Chilli Gleam Crimson Herons Supine Giantess Tropic Pagoda Knot Delicate Peer Barbaric Exclaim Seize Disapproval Whistle Hideous Saurian Rival Delicate Plunge Enamel Demon Hull Turban Continent Ocean Immediately Mediterranean Phosphorescent Anticipation Passenger Necessary Cinnamon Competition Turmeric Occasion Disapproval Chilli Agreeable Seize Approach Gleam Spittle Hideous Barbaric Hull Gallop Turtle Correct spelling Moustache BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Atmosphere Dismissive Egret Group verb Come down Save up Settle down Reach out Preposition Step into Plunge into Fantasize about Idiom and phrase To and fro Gender Giantess Niece Important information:  Colonial era – (1757- 1947)  The English came to India during colonial era - In search of fortune  Young women travelled to India during colonial era- In quest of husbands BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  George Orwell - (1903 – 1950) − Spent his early life in Burma (now Myanmar), then an English colony − Sering his life as a police officer − “Burmese Days” (1934) − Described the journey of Elizabeth  Elizabeth – A young English woman − Had a journey across the sea by ship and arrived in Burma − Had a typical colonial mind- set − Spent 30 pounds on summer fracks (FASS 23-24) − Loved the life on board ship − Learned some Hindustani Phrases − Tasted the agreeable atmosphere of clubs, in anticipation − Went to Mount Lavinia with her friends − Took a bath in a lukewarm sea that foamed like coco-cola and came back to the ship in the evening. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − Scenery of the little stations seemed hideous as demons to her − Meet her uncle and aunt for the first time at Kyauktada  Places mentioned in their journey – 1. Mediterranean 2. Indian Ocean – Where flocks of flying fish skimmed in terror. 3. Colombo – Where turtles and black snakes floated basking 4. Orient _ Scents of coconut oil and sandalwood, cinnamon and turmeric floated across the water on the hot, swimming air. 5. Mount Lavinia – Where Elizabeth’s friends drove her out and they bathed in a lukewarm sea. 6. Rangoon – where they reached a week later 7. North of Mandalay – Where the train fueled with wood, crawled at 12 miles an hour across a vast parched plain, bonded at its remote edges by blue rings of hills. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme 8. Kyauktada i.Where Elizabeth’s uncle Mr. Lackersteen and aunt waited with Mr. Macgregor’s car. At about 9 O’clock, ii. Elzabeth and her friends reached here iii. Some servants were carrying torches  Blue colour mentioned – 1. Down the canal into a sea of staring, enamel – like blue. 2. The train bounded at its remote edges by blue rings of hills.  Green colour mention – 1. Green wastes of the Indian Ocean 2. The wash of the bow was like a moving arrowhead of green fire. 3. They sailed into Colombo through green glassy waters.  Black colour mentioned – 1. Black snakes 2. Coco- black men (sampan- wallahs)  White colour mentioned – 1. Barefooted white turbaned boys with punkahs flapping were reverently salaaming. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme 2. White egrets stood poised, motionless, like herons. 3. White Pagoda rose from the plain like breast of a supine giantess.  Red (Crimson) colour mentioned – 1. A flat of sampans, propelled by coal-black men with lips stained redder than blood by betel juice. 2. Piles of drying chillis gleamed Crimson in the sun.  The rest important descriptions – 1. At night the waters were phosphorescent 2. The brome Englishmen with little clipped moustaches played polo. 3. There was a competition. They called Elizabeth and her friends ‘Missie’. 4. The successful sampan-wallah discharge at his rival mouthful of spittle. 5. “I’ll fetch one of you a kick”, said the husband of Elizabeth’s friend who a planter to sampan- wallahs. 6. Early tropic night settled down and halfnaked men with their long hair knotted behind their heads moved in torch light. 7. The train plunged into forest and unseen branches brushed against the windows. 8. Elizabeth’s aunt’s hand was like saurian. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Eco- tourism Unit : 13 Lesson : 03 Memorizing Part Key words Define Strive Emphasize Establish Endanger Exist Conservation Biodiversity Undisturbed Coral Ensure Whale Landscape Fringe Empowerment Hiking Improvised Climate Accommodation Marine Expansion Unregulated Contamination Erosion Surface Wildlife Sand dune Displacement Vegetation Degradation harvest Habitat Indiscriminate Exploitation Unauthorize Critical BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Construction Sensitive Infrastructure Ecosystem Sustain Arrival Contribute Domestic Cautions Critic Adapt Adverse Species Restrict Extinction Prevention Ecotourism Promote Predators Boomin Operator Cast Descend Pristine Disrupt Presence Encounter Morality Interact Benign Precise Comprehensive Exposure Horde Congregate Tamer Correct spelling Characteristic Adventure Benefit Environmentally BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Truly Hiking Accommodation Infrastructure Positive Degradation Unfavorable Comprehensive Treat Exposure Benign Opportunity Phrasal verb Set forth Call for Preposition Associate with from Adapt from Different Vary from Strive to Apart from Contribute to Cautious about Descend on Helpful to Essential to Respond to Foreign Phrase i.e. (id est→ that is to say) Important information: Amanda Brisney – A professional geographer, writer and scholar BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − Wrote “An Introduction to Ecotourism”  An introduction to Ecotourism − Ecotourism is broadly defined as low impact travel to endangered and often undisturbed locations. − Allow travelers to be educated both in terms of the physical landscape and cultural characteristics. − Provides funds for conservation of impoverished areas.  Principles of Ecotourism − “Internation Ecotourism System” made principles to be an effective tourism − some important principlesi) financial aid for conservation ii) Low impact travel iii) Social and cultural participation iv) Positive experiences for both BUP Mastermind Admission Programme v) Travelers’ awareness  An example of Ecotourism I) Komodo National Park, Indonesia − 233 square miles (603 sq. km) of land − 469 square miles (1214 sq. km) of water − Established in 1980 − Popular for its unique and endangered biodiversity. II) Central and South America − Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guatemala and Panama  The case of St. Martins Island − Only coral island in Bangladesh − Located in the north- eastern part of Bay of Bengal − 3.6 meter above the sea level − Can be walked about in 3 hours − Popular for its unique natural beauty • With white sandy beaches • Fringed with coconut palms • A diverse marine life BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − Faces increasing of erosion due to unregulated tourism − Threats for the island • Cutting of sand dune vegetation • Degrading of sand dune habitat • Harvesting of turtle eggs • Exploiting of coral resources − Some areas are declared as Ecologically Critical Area (ECA) buy the government.  Criticisms of Ecotourism • Tourism to sensitive areas harms ecosystem. • Infrastructures are needed to sustain tourism contribute to environmental degradation. • Negative impact on local community. • Makes the area dependent more on tourism than domestic economic practices.  Important facts about Ecotourism BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − It is a booming business − It is more damaging than helpful to nature. − A report on it published in the ‘Trends in Ecology and Evolution’. It says – • Sea turtles in Costa Rica had problem laying eggs because of the presence of the tourists. • It makes animals bolder because of humans • Animals will suffer higher morality when they encounter real predators. • Animals may let down their pet animals’ risk is required. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 11 Peace and Conflict BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Conflicts: Causes and Types Unit: 11 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part Key words Conflict Escalation Preference Intend Disagreement Hostility Ideology Involve Antagonism Intervention Demonstrate Disrupt Brutality Resolve Contend Harmony Resolution Rigid Assert Resolution Contentious Influence Aggressive Contribute Frustration Possess Occur Destruction Constraint Intimidate BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Correct Spelling Individual Characterize Contentious Frustration Communication Intervention Inevitable Behavior Aggressive Occur Occurrence Apparently Psychological Competition Destruction Intimidate Phenomenon Assert Beneficiary Guidance Phrasal verb Come up with Take place Preposition Contribute to Lead to Concern with Refer to Arise from According to Aware of Possess BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Number Phenomenon (Singular, Plural – Phenomena) Important Information:  Conflict – Can be described as disagreement − Among individuals and group − Characterized by antagonism and brutality − Can be defined as class of values and ideas (FASS 20-21) − A natural phenomenon − An inevitable part of life − Elements: i) Opposing interests or needs ii) Misunderstandings iii) Stress and frustration iv) Lack of communication − Can be resolved by the intervention of a third party − Influences our actions and decisions. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  Causes and Types − Are of 3 types arising out of 3 causes. I. Economic conflict II. Value conflict III. Power conflict − Also are 4 types I. Interpersonal • • • • II. Intrapersonal III. Intergroup IV. Intragroup Economic Conflict − Cause: constraints of resources as limited Value conflict − Cause: varied preferences and ideologies between parties. − Demonstrated in wars where parties assert their beliefs in an aggressive manner Power conflict − Cause: Intension of maximizing influence in the social setting Interpersonal Conflict: − Between two individuals (RU 17 -18) − Cause: differences among people − Can eventually help in developing relationship if there are no hostilities involved BUP Mastermind Admission Programme • Intrapersonal conflict (FASS 24-25) − Within an individuals − Greatly found in the tragedies of Shakespeare − Take place in the person’s mind − Psychological • Intragroup conflict − Among individuals within a team − Cause: interpersonal disagreements − Can be helpful in coming partly can be helpful for resolution. Intergroup conflict − Among different teams with an organization − Cause: varied sets of goals and interests − Competitions also contribute to intergroup conflict • BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Cruelties of Conflict Unit : 11 Lesson : 02 Memorizing Part Key words Victim Abuse Vernacular Thirsty Humour Uncertain Cure Progress Traumatize Discrimination Banshee Rage Remarkable Involvement Moan Dive Incorporate committed Expire Discourage Compromise Campaigner Decade Despair Obsess Unmentionable Circulate Odour Offend Herald Shriek Correct spelling Playwright Committed Career Vernacular Humour BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Campaigner Obsess Millionaire Banshee Odour Missouri Shriek Phrasal verb Make our Come up with Find out Preposition Deal with Depend on  Maya Angelou − American − (4 April 1928 – 28 May 2014), age of 86 − Born in St. Louis Missouri − Spent childhood in Stamps, Arkansan, with her paternal grandmother. − Victim of abuse at her 8 − Moved to San Francisco − Started Literary career in New Yor − Wrote her poems in Black vernacular − Wrote about human relationship, togetherness. − Involved in civil right movement in 1960s BUP Mastermind Admission Programme − A committed campaigner for human rights, social justice and peace − Used the words ‘alone’ and ‘nobody’ ironically to convey a sense of isolation in the poem ‘Alone’  ‘Alone’ • Author – Maya Angelou • Published in – 1975 − “Oh Pray My Wings Are Gonna Fit me Well” • Theme - The struggle of loneliness • First line - Lying, thinking • Last line - Can make it out her alone • Literary terms – 1. Metaphor - bread loaf is not stone - their children sing the blues - their heart of stone 2. Personification – how to find my soul a home - where water is not thirsty 3. Irony - water is not thirsty 4. Description i) Storm clouds - gathering ii) Wind - blow iii) The race of man - suffering iv) Moan - can be heard by the author BUP Mastermind Admission Programme • Banshee : In Irish legend, a female spirit whose wails of shrieks herald the death of a family member • Heart of stone – refers to be unkind, uncaring or cruel • Sing the blues – feeling depressed or discouraged.  ‘September 1, 1939’ • Author - W.H. Auden - Anglo- American • Theme - man’s desire for peace and the inevitability of conflict or war • First line - I sit on one of the dives • Last line - Offends the September nigh • Figure of Speech 1. Metaphor - Waves of anger and fear - Outdoor of death 2. Personification – Clear hopes expire - low dishonest decade • Speaker sit on fifty – second street being uncertain and afraid • Clear hopes refer to political efforts avoid the war • Dishonest decade refers to 1930 to 1939 BUP Mastermind Admission Programme • • • • Odour of death refers to – unimaginable, unlimited death Setting of poem – New York - war of 1939 Odour of death – offer the September night This poem is an indictment of all wars, particularly ww2. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme “The Old Man at the Bridge” by Ernest Hemingway Unit: 11 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information:  The Old Man at the Bridge - by Ernest Hemingway (American) - setting: Easter Sunday - Point of View: 1st person (Solder) - context: Civil war of Spain  The old man- 76 years old - was the last to leave San Carlos - came from San Carlos (12 km) - a man with: i. steel rimmed spectacles ii. Very dusty clothes iii. Black dusty clothes iv. Gray dusty clothes - no connection with politics - sat by the side of the road - caretaker of animals - had 3 types of animals i. Two goats ii. A cat iii. Four pairs of pigeons - because of Artillery, he had to leave the animals - had no family - left the dove cage unlocked - his good luck was - cats know how to look after themselves - knew no one in Barcelona - looked at the solder- very blankly and tiredly - said no longer to the solder- dully "I was taking care of animals, I was only taking care of animals"  The Story teller - solder -his business was to i. Cross the bridge ii. Explore the bridgehead iii. Find out to what point the enemy had advanced - returned over the bridge - thought that the old man didn't look like a shepherd next r a herdsman - looked at the Ebro Delta (African looking country) - said to the old man that the trucks went through Barcelona   They had a conversation on the bridge A cat can look out for itself BUP Mastermind Admission Programme  Placesi. San Carlos- the old man's native town ii. Ebro Delta- African looking country - Fascists advanced towards it iii. Barcelona- trucks go towards it - the old man knew no one there iv. Tortosa- road forks for it  Animalsi. cat ii. dove iii. pigeon iv. goat BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 12 Environment and Nature BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Water, Water Everywhere Unit: 12 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important Information:  The Rime of the Ancient Marine - ballad (narrative poem) - by Samuel Taylor Coleridge (English + Romantic) - this ballad portrays the harrowing sea-voyage of an old mariner who had no water to drink because of curse  Two-thirds of our body made up of water  The other name of water if life  The United Nations identified the drinking water problem as a challenge on the eve of the new millennium meeting  One of the sources in our country - rivers  The Buriganga - example of a dying river because of pollution  Report published in the Daily Sun- The Buriganga had a glorious past - it was a tributary of the mighty Ganges - Flowed into the Bay of Bengal through the Dhaleshwari - After losing its link with the Ganges, it became Buriganga - The Mughals marveled at its tide level and founded their capital Jahangirnagar (1610) - Jahangirnagar was renamed in Dhaka (heavily populated city) - The city (Dhaka) paid back the bounty of the river by sucking lifr out of it! (Irony)  Statistics on releasing waste into the riveri. Report of the Daily Sun- 4500 tons of solid waste ii. Department of the Environment (DoE) - 20,000 tons of tannery waste + toxic materials  9 industrial areas are the primary sources of river pollution- Tongi, Tejgaon, Hazaribagh, Tarabo, Narayanganj, Savar, Gazipur, Dhaka Export Processing Zone and Ghorashal  This river would need a monster's stomach to digest all the wastes mentioned above  Unless we take care of our rivers, there may come a time when we will cry 'water', 'water' and find it nowhere. BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 12 Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part The Hakaluki Haor BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  Hakaluki Haor- a rich hub of biodiversity and livelihood - complex ecosystem - contains more than 238 interconnected beels and jalmahals - Ecologically Critical Area - April 1999 (government of Bangladesh) - one of the major wetlands of Bangladesh - Total land area- 18,386 hectares - supports a rich biodiversity - provides direct and indirect livelihood benefits to nearly 190,000 people - resting place for migratory waterfowls flying (from the north) - Barheaded Goose - interesting species --hardly seen in fresh water - temporary home - Illegal poaching- threat (water pollution) - provides good grazing land for cattle (4 to 5 months) - temporary shelters for herds - had a dense swamp forests- got destroyed in the last 2 decades - 2 Swamp forests- i.Chatla beel ii. Near the village of Kalikrishnapur - Vegetation surrounding-unique (swamp forest+ evergreen rain forest) -Thatching material- useful natural wetland product of the area - provides economic and non-economic benefits - provides habitat for migratory and local waterfowls - protects lower floodplains from flash floods (during April and May) - maintains the supply of the fish in other lower water bodies - contributes to the beauty of the landscape - In monsoon, the haor becomes a huge natural bowl of water - In dry season, it becomes a vast green grassland - resting places for migratory birds - Major attraction for tourists - Important beels: Chatla, Pinlarkona, Dulla, Sukua, Barajalla, Balijhuri, Lamba, Tekonia, Haorkhal, Tural, Baghalkuru and Chinaura  Location: i. Bounded by the Kushiara river and the Sonai- Bardak river (north) ii. Fenchuganj- Kulaura railway line (south and west) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme iii. Kukaura-Beanibazar road (East) iv. Two administrative districts - Maulvibazar and Sylhet o This Haor is an important source of fisheries resources for Bangladesh o Floodplains are also an important source of fisheries resources within the area o Main fish species- Kalibaus, Boal, Rui, Ghagot, Pabda and Chapila o From Kushiara to beels and tributaries of Hakaluki- frequent upstream movements of fish o the beels in the Haor - provide winter shelter for the mother fisheries o In early monsoon these mother fisheries produce millions of fries for the entire downstream fishing communities o Many of the beels have lost their capacity because of – i. Sand deposits ii. Use of complete dewatering technique iii. Lack of aquatic plants BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 02 Art and Craft BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 02 Lesson: 02 Memorizing Part Folk Music BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  Folk Music - music of ancient times - consists of songs + music - combination of song, tune and dance (Baul songs) - originated from the traditional culture of ordinary people - not influenced by any sophisticated musical rules of any standard musical styles - uninfluenced by the rules of classical music or modern popular songs - based on natural style of expression - heritage (religious + secular songs) - Folk songs are about i. social inequality and poverty ii. material world and supernatural - varies from region to region i. Northern Bhawaiya ii. Eastern Bhatiyali - Mystical songs have been composed using the metaphors of rivers and boats - important genre of folk music- Bhatiyali - Nature plays a role - Ethnic minorities (Chakma, Manipuris, Santals or Tripuras) influenced folk music - Individually- Baul, Bhatiyali, Murshidi, Marfati - In chorus- Kabigan, Leto, Alkap, Gambhirsa  Baul songs are associated with the Baul tradition in Bengal  Any arrangement of sound created by the combination of tune, voice and instrument/ dance - Music  Bratagan and Meyeli Git - Only women compose and sing- Men and women participate - roof-beating songs  Characteristics: 1. Composed by rural folk 2. Basis- ancient rules transmitted orally 2. Not influenced by classical or modern music BUP Mastermind Admission Programme 3. May be sung in groups or individually 4. No regular practice 5. Composed and performed by illiterate or semi-literate people 6. Spontaneous expression in easy language, local dialect and simple tune 7. Words and tune are appealing 8. Universal appeal 9. Local dialect 10. Depends upon nature and the rural environment 11. Explicit manifestation 12. Uses simple and natural rhythms 13. Contains human love and separation  Important folk songs1. Baul and spiritual: Kustia 2. Jarigan: Dhaka, Mymensingh, Sylhet 3. Bhawaiya: Rajshahi, Dinajpur, Rangpur 4. Gambhira: Rajshahi 5. Wedding songs: All regions 6. Roof-beating songs: northern regions 7. Sari: Sylhet and Mymensingh (lower marshy regions) 8. Bhatiyali: all regions 9. Pastoral songs: Dhaka, Mymensingh, Faridpur, Sylhet, Habiganj N.B. Most important regions are given, left regions are authorised to be read  Lalon Shah- 1774-1890 - icon of the Baul tradition - philosopher, thinker and social reformer - Shahajiya philosophy - didn't receive any formal education - preached- religious tolerance - rejected- social differences - believed- "a search for truth should begin with the body, which reflects the mystery of creation." - was born a Hindu - Siraj Sain (a muslim fakir) picked up Lalon Shah after contracting small pox - took up a life of devotion and asceticism under Siraj Sain BUP Mastermind Admission Programme - set up an akhrah or monastery (Chheuruya near Kustia) after Siraj Sain's death - his disciplines sang with ektara or dotara - his famous disciplines- Kangal Harinath Majumdar, Pagla Kanau and Dudu Shah  Rabindranath Tagore and Kazi Nazrul Islam admired Lalon Shah BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 02 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part Our Art and Craft BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  Art- an expression of human imagination and creative skills - intuitive and visionary - includes painting, drawing, sculpture and architecture - reflects our changing realities in fascinating and insightful ways - evokes feelings and emotions that are considered aesthetic and concerned with beauty - can be a form of social commentary  Folk art (practiced in households) - pottery - nakshikantha - embroidered quilt - alpana or intricate - floral designs in rice paste and shoker harhi  Modern art- origin in Western Europe - industrial revolution (middle of 19th century) - rejected traditional art forms  Modern art in Bangladesh - began- 1948 - Zainul Abedin (1914-1976) set up an art Institute (Faculty of Fine Art, University of Dhaka) - He earned all-India fame - Famine Sketches (Bengal famine of 1943) - style- expressionism, abstract expressionism maintaining a close contract with folk art - New ideas- installation art, graphic art, reshaped older, traditional art forms  Prominent artistsi. Zainul Abedin ii. Qamrul Hassan iii. SM Sultan BUP Mastermind Admission Programme iv. Safiuddin Ahmed v. Abdue Razzak vi. Qayyum Chowdhury vii. Murtaza Baseer viii. Aminul Islam ix. Syed Jahangir x. Debdas Chakravarty xi. Nover Ahmed xii. Muhammad Kibria  Craft - practical application for producing objects of everyday use - beautiful to look - dynamic object - Such as- Pottery, metal and wood work, cane, bamboo items, jewelry, musical instruments (ektara, dhol or flute) and textile items - doesn't bear the signature of its creator - Bears signature of creator -artisans remain anonymous but retains a personal touch - who practices craft- Crafts persons or artisans - Artisans work with their hands to produce domestic and decorative objects- Handicrafts - Bangladesh has a rich tradition on craft as i. she depends on agriculture ii. most people live in villages - rural communities relied on artisans for i. supplies household ii. social occasions  Sonargaon- in Narayanganj - prosperous trading post with a splendid river port - Ibn Battuta visited -1346 - ancient town with its Folk Arts and Crafts Museum o set up by Zainul Abedin- 1970 - old buildings speak of a glorious past BUP Mastermind Admission Programme - was the capital of i. Vanga- Raja Danauja Rai ii. Sultanate of Bengal (in early 14th century)- Sultanate  Historical landmarks of Sonargaon- Panam (Painam or Panam Nagar- ancient city) - a heritage site - provided residential quarters to the governors after Moghul conquered Sonargaon - 1611 - 3 bridges still exist that connect Sonargaon - 3 artificial canals - for easy communication and protection - East India Company made it a centre of muslim trade - old buildings lining both sides of a 600 meter road - Hindu traders built the brick buildings (early 19th- early 20th century) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 03 Myths and Literature BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 03 Lesson: 01 Memorizing Part Bengal’s Face BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  I Have Seen Bengal’s Face -a sonnet - written by Jibanananda Das (Banglar Mukh Ami Dekhiyachi) - translated by Fakrul Alam N.B. For more information about poem, check poem pdf  Behula- legendary folk heroine - character of Manasamangal (medieval epic) - daughter of Sayven Ujaninagar - married to Lakhindar - refused to accept Lakhindar's death - promised Manasa that Chand Saodagar would worship her - placed Lakhindar's corpse on a banana raft - pleaded for Lakhindar's life - by her love, she restored Lakhindar's and also his brothers' life - returned to heavenly abode as Aniruddha  Lakhindar - youngest son of Chand Saodagar of Champaknagar - total 7 brothers - died on his wedding night by Manasa - returned to heavenly abode as Usa  Chand Saodagar - devotee of Shiva - refused to worship Manasa - built an iron chamber for Lakhindar  Manasa - snake goddess - bit Lakhindar and his brothers - entered into the iron chamber through a minute hole (made itself as fine as a strand of hair) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 03 Lesson:02 Memorizing Part Orpheus BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  Orpheus- Father: Apollo - Mother: Muse Calliope - Famous for musical ability and love story with Eurydice - Apollo presented Orpheus a lyre - Impact of his musici. Softened- fellow mortals and the animals ii. Charmed- Trees and rocks iii. Crowded- Animals iv. Relaxed- Trees and rocks - Later vs Latter i.সময় সম্পর্কীয়Late (positive) - Later (Comparative)- Latest (Superlative) ii. সসসিয়াল সম্পর্কীয়Late (positive) - Latter (Comparative)- Last (Superlative) BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 03 Lesson: 03 Memorizing Part The Legend of Gazi BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  Gazi Pir - a Muslim saint - Spread Islam in the parts of Bengal (the Sundarbans) - Miracles- could calm and docile dangerous animals - Ride on tiger (fierce looking), a snake in his hand but in no apparent danger (paats/ scroll painting) - Fought Against Crocodiles - Enabled villagersi. to live close to forests and jungles ii. to cultivate lands - Because of his alert and vigilant presence, all predatory animals were said to have been kept within bounds  Gazir paat scrolls are part of the collection of British Museum.  Animals i. Tiger ii. Snake iii. Crocodile BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Unit: 03 Lesson: 04 Memorizing Part Hercules BUP Mastermind Admission Programme Important information:  Hercules- Father: Jupiter - Mother: Alcmena - a hero possessing immense strength throughout the world - Had to undergo Twelve labours  Tasksi. To slay the beast (lion) and bring lion's skin to Eurystheus -first attempt: fight with club and arrows (failure) -second attempt: fight with his hands relying on his immense strength (success) ii. To slay a monster- Hydra -with the help of his devoted servant Iolaus, he succeeded in burning all heads except 9th -All execpt 9th head- burn 9th head (middle> immortal) - buried under a huge rock  Eurystheus - The King of Mycene - Hercules' cousin - made Hercules under some tasks known as "the Twelve labours of Hercules" (Greek myths) - got terrified by the sight of carrying the dead lion on Hercules' shoulders  Animalsi. Lion (beast) - menaced the valley of Nemea ii. Hydra (monster) - 9 heads - middle head (immortal> buried) - ravaged the country of Argos - all except 9th head- burn - 9th head- buried  Placesi. Mycenae ii. Nemea iii. Argos iv. Greek BUP Mastermind Admission Programme BUP Mastermind Admission Programme

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