MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
SAINT-PETERSBURG STATE
PEDIATRIC MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
LATIN - ENGLISH GLOSSARY
of medical terms
Saint-Petersburg
2018
Latin Language. Latin-English Glossary of medical terms. Compiler: senior lecturer
Сhernenko Z. A. Editor: Latin chair person, assistant professor Ivachnova-Gordeeva
A. M. — St.-Petersburg: SPbSPMU of the Ministry of Healthcare
of the Russian Federation, 2018. — 31 pp.
Reviewer: foreign languages chair person, assistant professor Mogileva I. I.
This manual is meant for foreign students studying the course “Latin language ” at
all Medical Faculties in the first academic year.
The Glossary of Fundamentals of Latin Medical Terminology consists of three
basic parts:
Anatomical terminology is based on anatomical nomenclature.
Clinical terminology is based on medical terms of Greek and Latin origin.
Pharmaceutical terminology is based on the Latin version as well as the standard
international nomenclature of drugs and is partially included in the present LatinEnglish Glossary.
2
LATIN ALPHABET
Letter
Aa
Bb
Cc
Dd
Ee
Ff
Gg
Hh
Ii
Jj
Kk
Ll
Mm
Nn
Oo
Pp
Qq
Rr
Ss
Tt
Uu
Vv
Xx
Yy
Zz
Pronunciation (sound)
a
b
1. ts, before, e, i, y and
diphthongs ae, oe
2. k in other cases
d
e
f
g
kh
i
ĭ
k
l
m
n
o
p
only with u qu kv
r
1. z between vowels
2. s in other cases
t
u
v
ks
i
z
Latin letter combinations
Pronunciation
Latin
ti
1. tsi before vowels
2. ti after s, t, x
qu
kv
ngu
1. ngv before vowels
2. ngu in other cases
3
Greek diphthongs and digraphs
Greek
ae
oe
aë
oë
au
eu
ph
ch
th
rh
sch
Pronunciation
e
e
ae
oe
au
eu
f
kh
t
r
skh
ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
NOUNS
Declension I
Feminine Gender
apertūra, apertūrae f
- aperture, opening
arteria, arteriae f (greek)
- artery
clavicula, claviculae f
- clavicle
costa, costae f
- rib
crista, cristae f
- crest; ridge
fibula, fibulae f
- fibula
incisūra, incisūrae f
- notch, incisure
lamina, laminae f
- table; layer; lamina; plate
linea, lineae f
- line
scapula, scapulae f
- scapula
tibia, tibiae f
- tibia
ulna, ulnae f
- ulna
vena, venae f (phleb-)
- vein
vertebra, vertebrae f (spondyl-)
- vertebra
fractūra, fractūrae f
- fracture
vita, vitae f (bi-)
- life
4
Declension II
Masculine Gender
digitus, digiti m (dactyl-)
- digit; finger; toe
humerus, humeri m
- humerus
musculus, musculi m (my-)
- muscle
nervus, nervi m (neur-)
- nerve
radius, radii m
- radius
sulcus, sulci m
- sulcus, groove
medicus, medici m (iatr-)
- doctor, physician
paediāter, paediatri m
- pediatrician
(paed- child, iatr- doctor)
Neuter Gender
brachium, brachii n
- arm
collum, colli n
- neck
dorsum, dorsi n
- back; dorsum
ligamentum, ligamenti n (desm-)
- ligament, ligamentum
membrum, membri n
- limb
septum, septi n
- septum
sternum, sterni n
- sternum
tuberculum, tuberculi n
- tubercle
Declension III
Masculine Gender
canālis, canālis m
- canal
margo, marginis m
- margin, border
pes, pedis m (pod-)
- foot
thorax, thorācis m (greek)
- thorax; chest
Feminine Gender
articulatio, articulatiōnis f (arthr-) - joint
cavitas, cavitātis f
- cavity
extremitas, extremitātis f (acr-)
- extremity; end
pars, partis f
- part
pelvis, pelvis f
- pelvis
phalanx, phalangis f (greek)
- phalanx
Neuter Gender
caput, capitis n (cephal-)
- head
corpus, corporis n (somat-)
- body, corpus
crus, cruris n
- leg; crus
femur, femoris n
- thigh; femur; thigh bone
foramen, foraminis n
- foramen
os, ossis n (oste-)
- bone
5
Declension IV
Masculine Gender
arcus, arcus m
processus, processus m
- arch
- process
Neuter Gender
cornu, cornus n (kerat-)
genu, genus n
- horn, cornu
- knee
Nota bene!
manus, manus f (chir-) - hand
Declension V
Feminine Gender
facies, faciēi f
- surface; face
ADJECTIVES
Declensions I and II
coccygeus, a, um (greek)
glutēus, a, um (greek)
iliacus, a, um (greek)
ischiadicus, a, um (greek)
osseus, a, um
pelvicus, a, um
pubicus, a, um
profundus, a, um
transversus, a, um
externus, a, um
internus, a, um
dexter, dextra, dextrum
sinister, sinistra, sinistrum
- coccygeal
- gluteal
- iliac
- sciatic
- osseus, bony
- pelvic
- pubic
- deep
- transverse
- external
- internal
- right
- left
Declension III
articulāris, articulāre
brevis, breve (brachy-)
commūnis, commūne
laterālis, laterāle
longitudinālis, longitudināle
sacrālis, sacrāle
superficiālis, superficiāle
6
- articular
- short
- common
- lateral
- longitudinal
- sacral
- superficial
anterior, anterius
posterior, posterius
inferior, inferius
superior, superius
major, majus (macr-, megal-)
minor, minus (micr-)
- anterior
- posterior
- inferior, lower
- superior, upper
- major, greater
- minor, lesser
Nota bene!
os sacrum, ossis sacri
os coccygis, ossis coccygis
os coxae, ossis coxae
os pubis, ossis pubis
os ischii, ossis ischii
os ilium, ossis ilium
- sacrum
- coccyx
- hip bone
- pubis
- ischium
- ilium
NOUNS
Declension I
Anatomical terminology
Feminine Gender
aorta, ae f (greek)
bursa, ae f (greek)
cellula, ae f (cyt-)
fascia, ae f
fibra, ae f
glandula, ae f (aden-)
glandula thyroidea, glandulae thyroideae (thyre-)
lingua, ae f (gloss-)
mamma, ae f (mast-)
mandibula, ae f
maxilla, ae f
medulla, ae f
medulla spinālis, medullae spinālis (myel-)
orbita, ae f
membrāna, ae f
pleura, ae f (greek)
sutūra, ae f (rhaph-)
tonsilla, ae f
trachēa, ae f (greek)
urīna, ae f (ur-)
valva, ae f
7
- aorta
- bursa
- cell
- fascia
- fibre
- gland
- thyroid gland
- tongue
- mammary gland, breast
- mandible, lower jaw
- maxilla, upper jaw
- medulla
- spinal cord
- orbit
- membrane
- pleura
- suture
- tonsil
- trachea
- urine
- valve
vesīca biliāris, vesīcae biliāris (cholecyst-)
vesīca urinaria, vesīcae urinariae (cyst-)
- gallbladder (chol(e)- gall)
- urinary bladder, bladder
Pharmaceutical terminology
The Names of Medical forms, plants, herbs
ampulla, ae f
- ampule, ampulla; ampul, ampoule
aqua, ae f (hydr-)
- water
capsula, ae f
- capsule
charta, ae f
- paper
gemma, ae f
- plant bud
gutta, ae f
- drop
herba, ae f
- herb
mixtūra, ae f
- mixture
pasta, ae f
- paste
tabuletta, ae f
- tablet
tinctūra, ae f
- tincture
Althaea, ae f
- marsh mallow
Belladonna, ae f
- belladonna
Betula, ae f
- birch
Calendula, ae f
- pot marigold
Camphora, ae f
- camphor
Chamomilla, ae f
- camomile
Convallaria, ae f
- lily of the valley
Ephedra, ae f
- ephedra
Glycyrrhiza, ae f
- licorice
Mentha piperīta, Menthae
- peppermint
piperītae
Olīva, ae f
- olive
Rosa, ae f
- rose, brier
Schizandra, ae f
- magnolia vine, schizandra
Senna, ae f
- senna
Thea, ae f
- tea
Urtīca, ae f
- nettle
Valeriāna, ae f
- valerian
Aloë, Aloës f
- aloe
Hippophaë, Hippophaës f
- sea buckthorn
Kalanchoë, Kalanchoës f
- kalanchoe
8
Declension II
Anatomical terminology
adultus, i m
angulus, i m
bronchus, i m
cancer, cancri m
oesophagus, i m
lobus, i m
morbus, i m
nasus, i m
neonātus, i m
nodus, i m
oculus, i m
pylōrus, i m
ramus, i m
umbilīcus, i m
uterus, i m
ventriculus, i m
Masculine Gender
- adult
- angle
(greek)
- bronchus
(carcin-)
- cancer
(greek)
- oesophagus
(greek)
- lobe
(nos-)
- disease
(rhin-)
- nose
- newborn
- node
(ophthalm-)
- eye
(greek)
- pylorus
- branch, ramus
(omphal-)
- umbilicus
(metr-, hyster-)
- uterus
- ventricle
cerebrum, i n
cranium, i n
duodēnum, i n
intestīnum, i n
omentum, i n
peritonēum, i n
rectum, i n
syndromum, i n
colon, coli n
encephalon, i n
ganglion, ganglii n
organum, organi n
skeleton, skeleti n
Neuter Gender
(encephal-)
- cerebrum
(greek)
- skull, cranium
- duodenum
(enter-)
- intestine
- omentum
(greek)
- peritoneum
(proct-)
- rectum
(greek)
- syndrome
(greek)
- colon
(encephal-)
- brain
(greek)
- ganglion
(greek)
- organ
(greek)
- skeleton
9
Pharmaceutical terminology
The Names of Medical forms, substances, plants
sirupus, i m
- syrup
succus, i m
- juice
decoctum, i n
- decoction
emulsum, i n
- emulsion
extractum, i n
- extract
folium, i n (phyll-)
- leaf
infūsum, i n
- infusion
linimentum, i n
- liniment
medicamentum, i n (pharmac-) - drug
oleum, i n
- oil
suppositorium, i n
- suppository
unguentum, i n
- ointment
Vitamīnum, i n
- vitamin
vitrum, i n
- bottle, phial, glass
Galanthus, i m
- snowdrop
Helianthus, i m
- sunflower
Leonūrus, i m
- motherwort
Ricinus, i m
- ricinus, castor bean,
castor-oil plant
Strophanthus, i m
- strophanthus
Linum, i n
- flax
Persicum, i n
- peach
Rheum, i n
- rhubarb
Saccharum, i n (glyc-)
- sugar
Ferrum, i n
- iron
Hydrargyrum, i n
- mercury
Plumbum, i n
- lead
Zincum, i n
- zinc
Oleum Helianthi, Olei Helianthi
Oleum Hippophaës, Olei Hippophaës
Oleum Olivārum, Olei Olivārum
Oleum Ricini, Olei Ricini
Oleum Rosae, Olei Rosae
Oleum Persicōrum, Olei Persicōrum
10
- sunflower oil
- sea buckthorn oil
- olive oil
- castor oil
- rose oil, brier oil
- peach oil
ADJECTIVES
Declension I and II
Anatomical terminology
acusticus, a, um (greek)
acūtus, a, um
chronicus, a, um (greek)
congenitus, a, um
latus, a, um
longus, a, um
lymphaticus, a, um
mastoideus, a, um (greek)
medius, a, um
mucōsus, a, um
obliquus, a, um
ophthalmicus, a, um (greek)
opticus, a, um (greek)
palatīnus, a, um
rectus, a, um
siccus, a, um (xer-)
thyroideus, a, um (greek)
zygomaticus, a, um (greek)
- acoustic
- acute
- chronic
- congenital
- broad
- long
- lymph
- mastoid
- middle
- mucous
- oblique
- ophthalmic
- optic
- palatine
- straight, rectus
- dry
- thyroid
- zygomatic
Pharmaceutical terminology
cerātus, a, um
- waxed
destillātus, a, um
- distilled
fluidus, a, um
- liquid
gelatinōsus, a, um
- gelatinous
niger, gra, grum (melan-, melaen-) - black
obductus, a, um
- covered, coated
oleōsus, a, um
- oily
purus, a, um
- pure
spissus, a, um
- thick
spirituōsus, a, um
- alcoholic
11
NOUNS
homo, hominis n
pulmo, pulmōnis m
flos, floris m
urēter, uretēris m
paries, parietis m
cortex, corticis m
apex, apicis m
pollex, pollicis m
dens, dentis m
hallux, hallucis m
larynx, laryngis m
lien, liēnis m
pharynx, pharyngis m
pulvis, pulveris m
ren, renis m
sanguis, sanguinis m
tendo, tendinis m
Declension III
Masculine Gender
(anthrop-)
(pneum-)
(anth-)
(greek)
(odont-)
(greek)
(spleen-)
(greek)
(nephr-)
(haem-, haemat-)
- man, human being
- lung
- flower
- ureter
- wall
- cortex; bark
- apex; tip
- thumb, pollex
- tooth; dens
- great toe, hallux
- larynx
- spleen
- pharynx
- powder
- kidney
- blood
- tendon
Feminine Gender
auris, auris f (ot-)
- ear
basis, basis f (greek)
- base
cutis, cutis f (derm-, dermat-)
- skin
dosis, dosis f (greek)
- dose
gaster, gastris f (gastr-)
- stomach
narcōsis, narcōsis f (greek)
- narcosis; anesthesia
pelvis renālis, pelvis renālis (pyel-)
- renal pelvis
infans, infantis m f (paed-)
- child
radix, radīcis f
- root, radix
cartilāgo, cartilaginis f (chondr-)
- cartilage
mucilāgo, mucilaginis f
- mucilage
curatio, curatiōnis f (therap-)
- treatment, therapy
injectio, injectiōnis f
- injection
regio, regiōnis f
- region
solutio, solutiōnis f
- solution
Neuter Gender
abdōmen, abdominis n (lapar-)
- abdomen
semen, seminis n
- seed
ulcus, ulceris n
- ulcer
12
viscus, visceris n (splanchn-)
asthma, asthmatis n (greek)
diaphragma, diaphragmatis n (greek)
plasma, plasmatis n (greek)
rhizōma, rhizomatis n (greek)
vulnus, vulneris n
symptōma, symptomatis n (greek)
hepar, hepatis n (greek)
cor, cordis n (cardi-)
os, oris n (stomat-)
pancreas, pancreatis n
vas, vasis n;
plur. vasa, vasōrum (angi-)
- viscera
- asthma
- diaphragm
- plasma, plasm
- rhizome
- wound
- symptom, sign
- liver
- heart
- mouth
- pancreas
-vessel
The Names of Medical plants and substances
Adōnis vernālis, Adonidis vernālis
- spring adonis
Digitālis, Digitālis f
- foxglove, digitalis
Plantāgo major, Plantaginis majōris
- greater plantain
Pix liquida Betulae, Picis liquidae Betulae
- birch tar, tar of birch
Thermopsis, Thermopsidis f
- thermopsis
ADJECTIVES
ethmoidālis, e
frontālis, e
occipitālis, e
parietālis, e
pectorālis, e
sphenoidālis, e
sublinguālis, e
(greek)
(greek)
- ethmoidal
- frontal
- occipital
- parietal
- pectoral
- sphenoidal, sphenoid
- sublingual
Nota bene!
os hyoideum, ossis hyoidei - hyoid bone
subtīlis, e
talis, e
temporālis, e
simplex, simplicis
teres, teretis
- subtle
- such
- temporal
- simple
- round (about muscle or ligament)
13
The Present Participle, Active
ascendens, ascendentis
communicans, communicantis
descendens, descendentis
perforans, perforantis
recurrens, recurrentis
- ascending
- communicating
- descending
- perforating
- recurrent
NOUNS
abscessus, us m
ductus, us m
fructus, us m
habitus, us m
infarctus, us m
insultus, us m
meātus, us m
pulsus, us m
sensus, us m
sinus, us m
spiritus, us m
status, us m
usus, us m
visus, us m
Declension IV
Masculine Gender
- abscess
- duct, ductus
- fruit
- habitus
- infarct, infarction
- insult, stroke
- meatus
- pulse
- sense, feeling
- sinus
- alcohol, spirit
- status, state
- use
- vision
Declension V
Feminine Gender
caries, ēi f
- caries
dies, ēi f
- day
rabies, ēi f
- rabies
scabies, ēi f
- scabies, itch
14
CLINICAL TERMINOLOGY
Latin Clinical Terms
concrementum, i n (lith-, -lithus, i m)
febris, is f
fistula, ae f
hernia, ae f (-cele, -celes f)
inflammatio, inflammatiōnis f
insufficientia, ae f
luxatio, luxatiōnis f
stupor, stupōris m
tumor, tumōris m
tussis, tussis f
- concrement; stone
- fever
- fistula
- hernia
- inflammation
- insufficiency
- luxation; dislocation
- stupor
- tumor
- cough, tussis
angīna, ae f
morbilli, morbillōrum
pertussis, is f
rubeola, ae f
tetanus, i m
varicella, ae f
- angina; sore throat
- measles
- whooping cough
- rubella
- tetanus
- chicken-pox
alimentarius, a, um
benignus, a, um
malignus, a, um
cardiālis, e (greek)
catarrhālis, e (greek)
coronarius, a, um
diffūsus, a, um
exsudatīvus, a, um
hepaticus, a, um
latens, latentis
locālis, e
mixtus, a, um
nodōsus, a, um
partiālis, e
primarius, a, um
secundarius, a, um
spurius, a, um
verus, a, um
- alimentary
- benign
- malignant
- cardiac
- catarrhal
- coronary
- diffuse
- exudative
- hepatic
- latent
- local
- mixed
- nodose, nodular
- partial
- primary
- secondary
- spurious, false
- true
intermittens, intermittentis
migrans, migrantis
- intermittent, intermitting
- migratory, migrating
15
penetrans, penetrantis
serpens, serpentis
- penetrating
- creeping
Adjectival ending suffixes
-ālis, e
-al
-āris, e
-ar, -ary
-īlis, e
-ile
-icus, a, um
-ic
-īvus, a, um
-ive
-orius, a, um
-ory
-ōsus, a, um
-ose or -ous
Substantival ending suffixes
-or, ōris m
-or
-tūra, ae f
-ture
-sūra, ae f
-sure
-tio, ōnis f
-tion
-sio, ōnis f
-sion
-ssio, ōnis f
-ssion
Greek Clinical Terms
Latin
albus, a, um
coeruleus, a, um
flavus, a, um
cinereus, a, um
niger, nigra, nigrum
ruber, rubra, rubrum
viridis, e
The Names of Colours
Greek
Meaning
leuc-, leukwhite
cyanblue
xanthyellow
poligray
melan-, melaen- black, dark
erythrred
chlorgreen
dyspnoë, dyspnoës f
phlegmone, phlegmones f
- dyspnea; breathlessness, difficult breathing
- phlegmon; inflammation of connective tissue,
leading to ulceration
coma, comatis n
erythēma, atis n
eczēma, atis n
emphysēma, atis n
empyēma, atis n
oedēma, atis n
trauma, atis n
- coma; state of unconsciousness
- erythema; flushing of the skin
- eczema; common itchy skin disease
- emphysema; air in the tissues
- empyema; pus in the cavity of organ
- edema; accumulation of fluid in body tissues
- trauma; injury
16
crisis, is f
cyanōsis, is f
helminthōsis, is f
ichthyōsis, is f
leucocytōsis, is f
leucōsis, is f
mycōsis, is f
psoriāsis, is f
sepsis, is f
- crisis
- cyanosis
- helminthiasis
- ichthyosis; fish skin
- leukocytosis
- leucosis, leukosis
- mycosis; fungous disease
- psoriasis
- sepsis
cataracta, ae f
colica, ae f
gangraena, ae f
icterus, i m
melaena, ae f
schizophrenia, ae f
spasmus, i m
typhus, i m
- cataract
- colic
- gangrene
- jaundice, icterus
- melena
- schizophrenia
- spasm
- typhus
Greek combining forms of pathological processes and surgical interventions
1.
2.
3.
4.
log-, -logia
scop-, -scopia
graph-, -graphia
-gramma, grammatis n
-logy
-scopy
-graphy
-gram
- word, speech; science of
- instrumental examination
- process of graphic recording
- result of graphic recording
5.
tom-, tomus i m
-tomia
tom-, -tome - segment, cutting
-tomy
- incision
6.
-ectomia
-ectomy
- excision, surgical removal
7.
-stoma, stomatis n
-stomia
-stoma
-stomy
- opening
- surgical operation establishing a
permanent opening; surgical formation
of a passage between organ
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
-rrhagia
-rrhaphia
|-|therapia
-erg-, -ergia
allhom-, homoepath-, -pathia
-rrhage
-rrhaphy
|-|therapy
-ergy
- bleeding
- suturing, stitching
- treatment
- functioning
- other, different
- like
- disorder; feeling
-pathy
17
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
psychalg-, -algia
aesthesi-, -aesthesia
metr-, -metria
iatr-, -iatria
therm-, -thermia
ton-, -tonia, -tonus, i m
troph-, -trophia
-penia
- mind; soul
- pain; sense of pain
- sensation
- measurement
- healing
- state of heat
- tension, tone
- nutrition
- deficiency (of cells)
-metry
-iatry
-trophy
anastomōsis, is f
allergia, ae f
allopathia, ae f
homoeopathia, ae f
appendectomia, ae f
haemorrhagia, ae f
- anastomosis
- allergy
- allopathy
- homeopathy
- appendicectomy
- hemorrhage
Greek combining forms of pathological processes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
blast-, -blastus, i m
galactlipmeningglycgluc(os)oncthrombphil-, -philia
phob-, -phobia
-megalia
-ectasia
pyur-, -uria
haem-, haemat
-aemia
-aemicus, a, um
rhe-, -rrhoea
17. -plegia
18. -lysis
19. -lyticus, a, um
20. gen21. -genesis
-phoby
-megaly
hem(at)-emia
-emic
-rrhea
-lysis
-lytic
-genesis
- bud, ferm, cell layer
- milk
- fat
- meninges
- sugar
- glucose
- tumour, mass
- clot
- tendency towards, affinity for
- abnormal fear
- abnormal enlargement
- expansion, dilation
- pus
- urine
- blood
- adjective
- outflow, flow, discharge;
mucous secretion
- paralysis; palsy
1. process of decomposition, destruction;
2. surgical relief from adhesions
- adjective
- be born, be produced
- origination, producing
18
22. -genes
-genic,
-genous
bronchoectāsis, is f
haemophilia,a e f
hydrophobia, ae f
paralysis, is f
rheumatismus, i m
- produced by; being produced
- bronchiectasis
- hemophilia
- hydrophobia
- paralysis
- rheumatism
Greek combining forms of pathological processes
1. necr|-|necrōsis
2. |-|lithiāsis
3. |-|ptosis
4. scler|-|sclerosis
5. |-|stasis
6. sten|-|stenōsis
7. |-|cirrhōsis
- dead body, dead tissue
- death of living tissue
- the formation of concrements; concretion
- falling, sagging
- sclera; tissue has become hard
- hardening
- stoppage of the normal flow
- narrow
- narrowing, constricture
- cirrhosis
Greek ending suffixes
1.
2.
3.
4.
-ōma, omatis n
-ītis, itidis f
-sis, is f
-ismus, i m
-oma
-itis
-sis
-ism
rhachītis, ītidis f
pneumonia, ae f
stenocardia, ae f
carcinōma, carcinomatis n
sarcōma, sarcomatis n
tumour
inflammation
process or result of
process or result of
- rachitis, rickets
- pneumonia
- angina pectoris
- carcinoma
- sarcoma
Greek combining forms
1.
2.
3.
4.
-pepsia
-sthenia
- phren- hidrosis
- digestion
- strength
- mind
- sweat; sweating
19
Greek Prefixes
- not, without, absence of
- against
- abnormal function
- half
- excessive; above, over
- deficient; under, below
- above, upon
- after; change
- with, together
- many; more than usual
- few; not numerous
- self; by itself
- all, total, entire
- false, spurious
- closely resembling; near,
by the side of
a-, anant(i)dyshemihyperhyp(o)epimetasyn-, sympolyoligautpan-, pantpseud(o)par(a)-
Greek clinical terms
anaemia, ae
asphyxia, ae f
diathēsis, is f
diarrhoea, ae f
diurēsis, is f
dysenteria, ae f
hemiplegia, ae f
paraplegia, ae f
hyperaemia, ae f
hypostāsis, is f
metastāsis, is f
parotītis, itidis f
epilepsia, ae f
oligophrenia, ae f
- anemia
- asphyxia
- diathesis
- diarrhea
- diuresis
- dysentery
- hemiplegia
- paraplegia
- hyperemia; flushing
- hypostasis
- metastasis
- parotitis
- epilepsy
- oligophrenia; mental deficiency
anamnēsis, is f
diagnōsis, is f
analysis, is f
aetiologia, ae f
prognōsis, is f
epicrisis, is f
- anamnesis
- diagnosis
- analysis
- etiology; causation
- prognosis
- epicrisis
20
PHARMACEUTICAL TERMINOLOGY
The Names of Chemical Elements and Substances
Aluminium, i n
Argentum, i n
Arsenicum, i n
Aurum, i n
Barium, i n
Bismuthum, i n
Borum, i n
Bromum, i n
Calcium, i n
Carboneum, i n
Chlorum, i n
Cuprum, i n
Ferrum, i n
Fluorum, i n
Hydrargyrum, i n
Hydrogenium, i n
Iodum, i n
Kalium, i n
Natrium, i
Nitrogenium, i n
Magnesium, i n
Manganum, i n
Oxygenium, i n
Phosphorus, i m
Plumbum, i n
Sulfur, Sulfuris n
Zincum, i n
- aluminium
argyr-, arg(ent)- silver
ars(en)- arsenic
aur(eo)- gold
bar(i)- barium
bism(o)- bismuth
bor(o)- boron
brom- bromine
cal(c)-, calc(i)- calcium
carb(on)- carbon
chl(o)-, chlor-, chl(a)- chlorine
cupr(i)- copper
fer(r)- iron, ferrum
phthor-, flu(or)- fluorine
merc(ur)- mercury
(-)hydr- hydrogen
(-)io(d)- iodine
kal(i)- potassium
natr(i)- sodium
nitr(o)- nitrogen, azote
magnes(i)- magnesium
mang(an)- manganese
(-)ox-, (-)oxy-, -oxinum, i n - oxygen
-phos, -phosph- phosphorus
- lead
sulf-, sul-, -thio, -thia
- sulphur, sulfur
(-)zinc- zinc
Alumen, Aluminis n
Alumen ustum,
Aluminis usti
Sulfur depurātum,
Sulfuris depurāti
Sulfur praecipitātum,
Sulfuris praecipitāti
Viride nitens,
Viridis nitentis
- alumen, alum
- burnt alumen
- depurated sulphur
- precipitated sulphur
- brilliant green
21
Solutio Ammonii caustici,
Solutiōnis Ammonii caustici
Liquor Ammonii anisātus,
Liquōris Ammonii anisāti
- ammonia spirit, liquid
ammonia
- Ammonia anise drops
The Names of Medical Forms, Plants and Drugs
aërosolum, i n
brikētum (rotundum), brikēti (rotundi)
dragee
emplastrum, i n
granulum, i n
inhalatio, ōnis f
membranula, ae f
roentgēnum, i n
serum, i n
species, speciērum f
suspensio, ōnis f
Cacao
Crataegus, i f
Quercus, us f
Strychnos, i m
Amylum, i n
Coffeīnum, i n
Glucōsum, i n
Lydāsum, i n
Nystatīnum, i n
Phytīnum, i n
Tannīnum, i n
Spiritus aethylicus, Spiritus aethylici
Oleum Cacao, Olei Cacao
- aerosol
- (rotund) brick
- dragee
- plaster
- granule
- inhalation
- membranule
- roentgen
- serum
- species, (herbal) tea
- suspension
- cacao
- hawthorn, haw
- oak
- glume grass
- starch
- caffeine
- glucose
- lydase
- nystatin
- phytin
- tannin
- ethyl alcohol, ethanol
-cacao-seed oil
The Names of Acids and Oxides
-barb-benz-yl-cainum, i n
-meth
-phen-aeth-
-barb-benz-yl-caine
-meth-phen-eth-
barbiturates; barbituric acid derivatives
benzol derivatives
(chemical) substance
local anesthetics
methyl derivatives
phenyl derivatives
ethyl derivatives
22
oxydum, i n
peroxydum, i n
hydroxydum, i n
acētum, i n
Acidum, i n
Aether, Aetheris m
Methyluracīlum, i n
Methylēnum coeruleum, Methylēni coerulei
anhydricus, a, um
camphorātus, a, um
concentrātus, a, um
crystallisātus, a, um
dilūtus, a, um
diureticus, a, um
solubilis, e
enterosolubilis, e
gastricus, a, um
medicinālis, e
sedatīvus, a, um
- oxide
- peroxide
- hydroxide
- vinegar
- acid
- ether
- methyluracil
- methylene blue
- anhydrous
- camphoric
- concentrated
- crystalline
- dilute
- diuretic
- soluble
- enteric-coated
- gastric
- medicinal
- sedative
The Names of Acids
Acidum aceticum, Acidi acetici
Acidum acetylsalicylicum, Acidi acetylsalicylici
Acidum arsenicōsum, Acidi arsenicōsi
Acidum ascorbinicum, Acidi ascorbinici
Acidum benzoicum, Acidi benzoici
Acidum boricum, Acidi borici
Acidum carbolicum, Acidi carbolici
Acidum citricum, Acidi citrici
Acidum folicum, Acidi folici
Acidum formicicum, Acidi formicici
Acidum glutaminicum, Acidi glutaminici
Acidum hydrochloricum, Acidi hydrochlorici
Acidum lacticum, Acidi lactici
Acidum lipoicum, Acidi lipoici
Acidum nalidixicum, Acidi nalidixici
Acidum nicotinicum, Acidi nicotinici
Acidum nitricum, Acidi nitrici
Acidum pantothenicum, Acidi pantothenici
Acidum phosphoricum, Acidi phosphorici
Acidum salicylicum, Acidi salicylici
23
- acetic acid
- acetylsalicylic acid
- arsenicous acid
- ascorbic acid
- benzoic acid
- boric acid
- carbolic acid
- citric acid
- folic acid
- formic acid
- glutamic (glutaminic) acid
- hydrochloric acid
- lactic acid
- lipoic acid
- nalidixic acid
- nicotinic acid
- nitric acid
- pantothenic acid
- phosphoric acid
- salicylic acid
Acidum succinicum, Acidi succinici
Acidum sulfuricum, Acidi sulfuric
Acidum tartaricum, Acidi tartarici
Acidum barbituricum, Acidi barbiturici
Acidum arsenicicum, Acidi arsenicici
Acidum sulfurōsum, Acidi sulfurōsi
Acidum butyricum, Acidi butyrici
Acidum aminocapronicum, Acidi aminocapronici
Acidum dehydrocholicum, Acidi dehydrocholici
- succinic acid
- sulfuric acid
- tartaric acid
- barbituric acid
- arsenic acid
- sulphurous acid
- butyric acid
- aminocapronic acid
- dehydrocholic acid
The Names of Salts
-morph-naphth-pyr-thea-, -theo-cycl-cyclīnum, i n
myc-mycīnum, i n
-mycetīnum, i n
-cillīnum, i n
-morph-naphth-pyr-thea-, -theo-cycl-cycline
myc-mycin
-mycetin
-cillin
morphine derivative
petroleum derivatives
antipyretics
(leaves) tea derivatives
cycle, circle
tetracycline antibiotics
antimycotic (antifungal) drugs
neomycin antibiotics
penicillin antibiotics
Synthomycīnum, i n
Laevomycetīnum, i n
Chlorāli hydras, Chlorāli hydrātis
Phenylii salicylas, Phenylii salicylātis
Coffeinum-natrii benzoas, Coffeini-natrii benzoatis
- synthomycin
- levomycetin
- Chloral hydrate
- Phenyl salicylate
- Caffeine sodium benzoate
The Names of Salts of Sodium and of Potassium
Ampicillīnum-natrium, Ampicillīni-natrii
Benzylpenicillīnum-natrium, Benzylpenicillīni-natrii
Benzylpenicillinum-kalium, Benzylpenicillini-kalii
Oxacillīnum-natrium, Oxacillīni-natrii
Aethazōlum-natrium, Aethazōli-natrii
Thiopentālum-natrium, Thiopentāli-natrii
Sulfacylum-natrium, Sulfacyli-natrii
-zol-zin-zid-
-zol-zin-zid-
- Ampicillin Sodium
- Benzylpenicillin Sodium
- Benzylpenicillin Potassium
- Oxacillin Sodium
- Ethazol Sodium
- Thiopental Sodium
- Sulfacyl Sodium
“azo groups”, azote derivates
24
-lysinum, i n
-lytinum, i n
-lysine
-lytin
dissolving drugs, effecting decomposition
Oleum jecoris Aselli, Olei jecoris Aselli
- cod-liver oil
The Numerals (Word Elements)
Greek
1. mon(o)2. di3. tri4. tetra5. pent(a)6. hexa-, hex(o)7. hepta-, hept(o)8. oct(o)9. ennea10. deca11. hende(ca)12. dodeca-
Latin
un(i)bi-, duo-, duatriquadr(i)- quartquinqu- quintsexseptemoct(o)nonadec(i)unde(ci)duodec(i)-
25
Meaning
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
Prepositions in Prescription
Accusativus
Latin
English
per
through
ad
up to; for
contra
against, for
ana
et
ut
quantum satis
Ablativus
Latin
cum
in
e, ex
pro
English
with
in
from
for
Remember!
equally, each
and
that
as much as needed
Nota bene!
purissimus, a, um
purest
subtilissimus, a, um
subtlest
Preposition Word Combinations in Prescription
ad solutionem
ad usum externum
ad usum internum
contra cephalalgiam
contra odontalgiam
contra tussim
cum Camphora
cum Convallaria
cum tinctura
cum Acido
cum extracto
cum oleo
cum sirupo
cum sirupo fructuum
cum Ferro
cum Cacao
cum Coffeino
cum Glucoso
cum Nystatino
cum Phytino (cum Ichthyolo)
cum Pice liquida Betulae
e floribus
- for solution
- for external use
- for internal use
- against headache
- against toothache
- against cough
- with camphor
- with lily of the valley
- with tincture
- with acid
- with extract
- with oil
- with syrup
- with fruit syrup
- with ferrum, with iron
- with cacao
- with caffeine
- with glucose
- with nystatin
- with phytin (with ichthyol)
- with birch tar
- from flowers
26
e foliis
e fructibus
e seminibus
in ampullis
in capsulis
in charta
in oleo
in tabulettis
in vitro
in capsulis gelatinōsis
in charta cerāta
in tabulettis obductis
in vitro nigro
per os
- from leaves
- from fruits
- from seeds
- in ampoules
- in capsules
- in paper
- in oil
- in tablets
- in glass, in bottle
- in gelatinous capsules
- in wax(ed) paper
- in coated tablets
- in dark glass, in black bottle
- through mouth, oral intake, oral ingestion,
peroral administration, orally, for oral use
- through rectum, peranum application
(of medicaments)
- for adults
- for desinfection
- daily dose
- single dose
- for inhalation
- for inhalations
- for injection
- for injections
- for children
- for anesthesia, for narcosis
- for roentgenoscopy
- for suspension
- for suspensions
- rhizome with roots
- rhizomes with roots
per rectum
pro adultis
pro desinfectiōne
pro die
pro dosi
pro inhalatiōne
pro inhalationibus
pro injectiōne
pro injectionibus
pro infantibus
pro narcōsi
pro roentgēno
pro suspensiōne
pro suspensionibus
rhizōma cum radicibus
rhizomata cum radicibus
Verbs in Prescription
Recipe
Misce
Da
Signa
Sterilisa!
Fiat... (Fiant...)
Da tales doses numero ...
Detur
- Take
- Mix
- Give
- Sign
- Sterilize!
- let there be made
- Give such doses number ...
- Let there be given
27
Misceātur
Signētur
Dentur tales doses numero ...
Misce, fiat ...
Misce, fiant ...
Misce, ut fiat ...
Misce, ut fiant ...
Sterilisētur!
- Let there be mixed
- Let there be signed
- Let there be given such doses number ...
- Mix, let there be made ... (sing.)
- Mix, let there be made ... (plur.)
- Mix, that let there be made ... (sing.)
- Mix, that let there be made ... (plur.)
- Let there be sterilized!
Nota bene!
Remember!
1.
Nominativus Singularis
Aërosolum...
Nominativus Pluralis
Tabulettae...
Tabulettae ... obductae
Tabulettae ... obductae
Tabulettae ... enterosolubiles
Tabulettae ... sublinguales
Membranulae ophthalmicae cum ...
Suppositoria ...
Suppositoria cum ...
Suppositoria rectalia cum ...
Capsulae rectales cum ...
Granula ...
Dragee ...
Nominative Singular
Aerosol...
Nominative Plural
Tablets...
Coated tablets ...
Covered tablets ...
Enteric-coated tablets ...
Sublingual tablets ...
Ophthalmic membranules with ...
Suppositories ...
Suppositories with ...
Rectal suppositories with ...
Rectal capsules with ...
Granules ...
Dragee ...
2. Prescription
Accusativus Singularis
Aërosolum...
Accusativus Pluralis
Tabulettas...
Tabulettas ... obductas
Tabulettas ... obductas
Tabulettas ... enterosolubiles
Tabulettas ... sublinguales
Membranulas ophthalmicas cum...
Suppositoria ...
Suppositoria cum ...
Suppositoria rectalia cum ...
Capsulas rectales cum ...
Accusative Singular
Aerosol...
Accusative Plural
Tablets...
Coated tablets ...
Covered tablets ...
Enteric-coated tablets...
Sublingual tablets ...
Ophthalmic membranules with ...
Suppositories ...
Suppositories with ...
Rectal suppositories with
Rectal capsules with ...
28
Granula ...
Dragee ...
Granules ...
Dragee ...
3.
The word “species” is used in pharmaceutical terminology always only in Plural:
Nominative and Genetive Cases - “species, specierum f”
For example:
1.
Nominativus Pluralis
Species diureticae
Species pectorals
Nominative Plural
Diuretic species
Pectoral species
2.
Recipe: Specierum diureticarum 100,0
Da. Signa.
Take: Diuretic species 100,0
Give. Sign.
Recipe: Specierum pectoralium 100,0
Da. Signa.
Take: Pectoral species 100,0
Give. Sign.
29
TABLE OF ENDINGS OF FIVE DECLENSIONS
1
Declension
Gender
F
2
Declension
M
N
3
Declension
M
4
Declension
F
Casus
N
5
Declension
M
N
F
-us
-u
-es
Singular
Nom.
-a
-us,-er
-um
different
Gen.
-ae
-i
-i
-is
-is
-is
-us
-us
-ēi
Dat.
-ae
-o
-o
-i
-i
-i
-ui
-u
-ēi
Acc.
-am
-um
-um
-em
-em
= Nom.
-um
-u
-em
Abl.
-a
-o
-o
-e
-e(-i)
-e(-i)
-u
-u
-e
Plural
Nom.
-ae
-i
-a
-es
-es
-a(ia)
-us
-ua
-es
Gen.
-ārum
-ōrum
-ōrum
-um
-um
-um
-uum
-uum
-ērum
(-ium)
(-ium)
(-ium)
Dat.
-is
-is
-is
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ēbus
Acc.
-as
-os
-a
-es
-es
-a(-ia)
-us
-ua
-es
Abl.
-is
-is
-is
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ǐbus
-ēbus
30
Literature:
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2. Акжигитов Г.Н., Акжигитов Р.Г. Большой англо-русский медицинский
словарь (БАРМС). - М., 2005. - 1224с.
3. Concise Medical Dictionary. - Oxford: Market House Books Ltd., 2000. 720pp.
4. Международная анатомическая терминология /Под ред. Л.Л.Колесникова.
-М.: Медицина, 2003. - 424с.
5. Merriam-Webster’s Medical Dictionary. - Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A:
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 1995. - 773pp.
6. Oscar E. Nybakken. Greek and Latin Scientific Terminology. - Ames, Iowa:
The Iowa State University Press, 1974. - 321pp.
7. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. - Boston/ New
York/ Atlanta/ Geneva, Illinois/ Dallas/ Palo Alto: American Heritage
Publishing CO., Inc., 1971. - 1552pp.
8. Чабнер Д.-Э. Язык медицины. Пособие по английскому языку для
медицинских вузов = The Language of Medicine: Учеб. пособие / Предисл.
Э.И.Ушаковой. - М.: Высш. школа, 1981. - 431с.
Electronic Versions of Literature:
1. Dictionary of Medical Terms. - A & Black-London: Printed in Spain by
Graphycems, 2004. - 481pp.
2. George L. Banay. An Introduction to Medical Terminology. I. Greek and Latin
Derivations Medical Terminology. Appendix. - 1404-1412pp.
3. Жура В.В., Мартинсон Ж.С., Протопопова Н.В., Черватюк Н.В., Губа Т.И.
Латинский язык и основы медицинской терминологии (на английском
языке) для иностранных студентов медицинских вузов, обучающихся по
специальности «Лечебное дело» и «Стоматология». - Волгоград:
ВолГМУ, 2009. -334с.
4. Кондратьев Д.К. Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology. For
Medical Students/ Д.К.Кондратьев, О.Е.Вылегжанина, Ю.В.Князева Гродно: ГрГМУ, 2005. -250с.
5. List and Glossary of Medical terms: English. Common medical terminology.
Suffix, prefix, and root words.
6. List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes - Wikipedia.
7. List of technical and popular medical terms: English.
8. Medical Vocabulary. Basic Latin and Greek Terms for Physicians.
31