Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Department of Finance and Banking A Report on “Predictive Modeling in Business Decision Making: An Analysis on Dutch-Bangla Bank” Course Title : Advance Business Statistics. Course Code: FB-2201. PREPARED BY: PREPARED FOR: Explorers Al Amin Biswas BBA 2nd year 2nd semester Assistant Professor, Session: 2022-23 Department of Finance and Banking Department of Finance and Banking Jashore University of Science and Technology. Jashore University of Science and Technology Date of Submission: 03/08/2025 Page | 1 Letter of Transmittal 3rd August, 2025 Al Amin Biswas Assistant Professor, Department of Finance and Banking Jashore University of Science and Technology. Subject: Submission of a Report on “Predictive Modeling in Business Decision Making: An Analysis on Dutch-Bangla Bank”. Respected Sir, I hope this letter finds you well. We are pleased to submit our report on Predictive Modeling in Business Decision Making: An Analysis on Dutch-Bangla Bank, as assigned for our term paper. Following your instructions, we have maintained a formal report structure. This task provided valuable insights into the financial statements of a company, enhancing our analytical and practical skills. We have put our best effort into making the report effective and useful, concentrating on relevant information. The experience gained will undoubtedly benefit my future professional endeavors. We would greatly appreciate your thoughts and feedback on the report. It’s our humble request to inquire about any aspect, and we will happily respond. Thank You. Yours sincerely, Explorers BBA 2nd year 2nd semester Session: 2022-23 Department of Finance and Banking Jashore University of Science and Technology. Page | 2 Group Members of ‘Explorers’ Name Md. Jamiul Islam Sheikh Md. Abu Talha Md. Rahat Talukder Fariha Islam Sifa Sushanta Kumar Saha S M Mahfuj ID 222003 222007 222009 222012 222036 222039 Page | 3 Acknowledgement At first, We express our gratitude from the core of heart to almighty Allah for enabling us to complete our report. We would like to show my deepest honor to our course teacher Al Amin Biswas sir for giving us the opportunity to present our report and we are grateful to you for your precious guideline. A report writing is very important to improve skill as a student of business faculty. We can gather practical knowledge by making reports. This report gave us knowledge about predictive modeling in business in details. This report is created only for academic purpose not for any other reason. Page | 4 Executive Summary This term paper analyzes the financial performance of Dutch-Bangla Bank from 2014 to 2023 using statistical tools such as 3-year and 5-year moving averages, linear trendline equations, and forecasting for the years 2024–2028. The key financial indicators assessed are Total Assets (TA), Total Equity (TE), Total Liabilities (TL), Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), and Earnings Per Share (EPS). The analysis shows a steady and consistent growth in Total Assets, Total Equity, and Total Liabilities over the past decade, reflecting the bank's expansion and operational scaling. ROA has shown gradual improvement, indicating increasing efficiency in asset utilization. In contrast, ROE and EPS exhibit declining trends, suggesting challenges in shareholder returns and profitability. Forecasting models predict continued growth in assets and equity but a potential further decline in EPS and ROE if existing trends persist. Overall, the financial trends highlight a mixed outlook, while the bank demonstrates strong growth in size and stability, maintaining profitability and returns to shareholders remains a challenge. Page | 5 Table of Contents Chapter-1: ROA (Return on Assets) ............................................................................................... 7 Chapter-2: ROE (Return on Equity) ............................................................................................. 10 Chapter-3: Total Assets ................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter-4: Total Equity ................................................................................................................. 17 Chapter-5: Total Liability.............................................................................................................. 21 Chapter-6: EPS (Earnings Per Share) ........................................................................................... 24 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 27 References ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Page | 6 Chapter-1: ROA (Return on Assets) MOVING AVERAGE Year ROA(%) 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 1.1 1.3 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.4 Three-year moving average Five-year moving average 1.03 0.97 0.97 1.13 1.27 1.20 1.17 1.20 1.06 1.08 1.08 1.16 1.2 1.22 1,6 1,4 1,2 Time Series Plot of ROA%, Three-Year Moving Average, and Five-Year Moving Average ROA% 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Year ROA% 3 Years moving average 5 Years moving average Interpretation of the Graph: The graph shows the ROA% (Return on Equity) from 2014 to 2023, along with its three-year and five-year moving averages. The blue line shows noticeable fluctuations in ROA, with a significant dip in 2016 and a steady recovery afterward, peaking again in 2023. The orange line represents the 3-year moving average, which smooths out short-term volatility and reveals a gradual upward trend starting from 2017. Meanwhile, the gray 5-year moving average line indicates a more stable and consistent improvement in ROA over the longer term. Overall, despite some yearly instability, both moving averages suggest that the company has been improving its asset efficiency in recent years. Page | 7 LINER TREND EQUATION Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 ROA% 1.1 1.3 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.4 Trend 1.02 1.0467 1.0734 1.1001 1.1268 1.1535 1.1802 1.2069 1.2336 1.2603 ROA y = 0,0267x + 0,9933 1,6 1,4 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 ROA 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Линейная (ROA) Interpretation of the Graph: The graph also presents ROA from 2014 to 2023, but with a dotted linear trend line fitted to the data points. This trend line has a positive slope, represented by the equation y = 0.0267x + 0.9933, indicating a gradual long-term increase in ROA over the period. While the actual ROA values fluctuate yearly, the positive slope of the trend line confirms that the overall direction is upward. This suggests that the organization’s profitability relative to its assets has been improving incrementally, supporting a positive financial trajectory over time. Page | 8 FORCASTING (2024-2028) Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Trend line 1.02 1.0467 1.0734 1.1001 1.1268 1.1535 1.1802 1.2069 1.2336 1.2603 1.287 1.3137 1.3404 1.3671 1.3938 Trend 1,6 y = 0,0267x + 0,9933 1,4 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Trend Линейная (Trend) Interpretation of the Graph: This graph shows a forecast of ROA% for the next five years based on the trend line equation y = 0.0267x + 0.9933. The solid orange line represents the historical trend, while the orange dotted line extends the trend into the future (years 11 to 15). The forecast indicates a continued increase in performance if current conditions remain the same Page | 9 Chapter-2: ROE (Return on Equity) MOVING AVERAGE year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 ROE% Three-year moving average 16.2 19.3 15.27 10.3 14.27 13.2 14.40 19.7 16.70 17.2 18.43 18.4 17.23 16.1 16.30 14.4 16.13 17.9 Five-year moving average 15.74 15.94 15.76 16.92 17.16 16.8 22 ROE% 18 14 10 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Year ROE% Three-year moving average Five-year moving average Time Series Plot of ROE%, Three-Year Moving Average, and Five-Year Moving Average Interpretation of the Graph: The graph illustrates ROE% (Return on Equity) trends from 2014 to 2023, along with three-year and five-year moving averages. ROE% experienced notable fluctuations, with a sharp rise until 2015, a steep dip in 2016, and a strong rebound peaking in 2018. Afterward, ROE gradually declined through 2022, before recovering again in 2023. The three-year moving average captures these short-term ups and downs with some lag, providing a clearer picture of medium-term changes. In contrast, the five-year moving average smooths out volatility and reflects a more gradual upward trend until 2020, after which it begins to flatten. The alignment of all three lines between 2021 and 2023 suggests improved stability and more consistent financial performance in recent years. Page | 10 LINER TREND EQUATION Time period year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ROE% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Trend line 16.2 19.3 10.3 13.2 19.7 17.2 18.4 16.1 14.4 17.9 17.768 18.202 16.942 17.348 18.258 17.908 18.076 17.754 17.516 18.006 30 25 y = 0,14x + 15,5 ROE% 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Time ROE% Trend line Interpretation of the Graph: The graph illustrates the movement of ROE% over 10 time periods, showing noticeable fluctuations. ROE% initially rises, dips significantly around time 3, then recovers and peaks at time 5 before stabilizing with minor variations. The dotted trend line, with the equation y = 0.14x + 15.5, indicates a slight upward trend, reflecting gradual improvement in overall performance. Despite short-term volatility, the long-term direction suggests a steady increase in profitability. This implies that the company is showing signs of consistent growth in returns over time. Page | 11 FORCASTING (2024-2028) Time period year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Trend line for next five years 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 15.64 15.78 15.92 16.06 16.2 16.34 16.48 16.62 16.76 16.9 17.04 17.18 17.32 17.46 17.6 Forcasting for next five years Trend line 18 y = 0,14x + 15,5 16 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Time Trend line Forcasting for next five years Interpretation of the Graph: The graph presents a five-year forecast of ROE% based on the existing trend line equation y = 0.14x + 15.5. The blue line represents historical trend data up to time 10, while the red dotted line projects values from time 11 to 15. According to the forecast, ROE% is expected to continue rising gradually, reaching nearly 18% by time 15. The consistent slope of the trend line indicates steady and predictable growth in profitability. This suggests that if current conditions hold, the company's financial performance is likely to improve modestly over the next five years. Page | 12 Chapter-3: Total Assets Total Asset Definition: The total value of everything a bank owns or is owed, including cash, loans, investments, and property, used to generate income and measure financial strength. Why It Matters In banking, Total Assets represent everything a bank owns or is owed—such as cash reserves, loans out to customers, investments, and fixed assets. They’re a key measure of a bank’s scale and capacity to earn income. They appear on the balance sheet under the assets section and are crucial for regulatory metrics (like capital adequacy). Moving Average of Total Asset Year Total asset (In Million) Three-year moving average Five-year moving average 2014 214,498.5 2015 244,057.6 241,117.8 2016 264,797.4 273,587.3 276,345.8 2017 311,906.8 307,724.3 311,518.5 2018 346,468.8 349,579.2 357,178.1 2019 390,362.0 403,062.1 407,098.6 2020 472,355.4 459,039.1 455,811.9 2021 514,399.8 514,076.3 505,294.8 2022 555,473.6 554,585.5 2023 593,883.1 Trend Analysis of Total Asset with 3-Year and 5-Year Moving Averages Page | 13 Total Asset Performance Over Time 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 Total asset (In Million) Three-year moving average Five-year moving average Graph Interpretation: Total Asset Performance Over Time presents the trend of a company's total assets along with its 3-year and 5-year moving averages. The blue line represents actual asset values, which show a consistent upward movement, indicating steady growth. The orange and green lines represent the 3-year and 5-year moving averages, respectively. Both moving averages closely follow the actual data, with the 5-year average appearing smoother due to a longer time frame. This suggests that the company's asset growth has been stable over time, with no major fluctuations. The overall trend reflects positive financial health and long-term asset expansion. Linear Trend Equation Total asset (In Million) 700 000,0 y = 44652x + 145233 600 000,0 500 000,0 400 000,0 300 000,0 200 000,0 100 000,0 0,0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Page | 14 Forecasting (2024-2028) Time period Year Trend line 1 2014 189885 2 2015 234537 3 2016 279189 4 2017 323841 5 2018 368493 6 2019 413145 7 2020 457797 8 2021 502449 9 2022 547101 10 2023 591753 11 2024 636405 12 2025 681057 13 2026 725709 14 2027 770361 15 2028 815013 Forecasting for next five years 900 000,0 800 000,0 700 000,0 600 000,0 500 000,0 400 000,0 300 000,0 200 000,0 100 000,0 0,0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Total asset (In Million) Trend line Page | 15 Graph Interpretation: Forecasting for Next Five Years shows a steady increase in total assets from 2014 to 2023, with a clear upward trend. The red trend line closely follows the actual data, indicating stable and consistent growth. From 2024 to 2028, the forecast suggests continued asset growth, reaching nearly 700,000 million by 2028. Overall, the graph reflects a strong and positive financial outlook for the coming years. Page | 16 Chapter-4: Total Equity Total Equity Total equity is the total value of assets that belong to shareholders after all debts are paid. It reflects the net worth of a company. This includes share capital, retained earnings, and reserves. It shows the financial strength of the business. Moving Average of Total Equity Moving Average is a statistical method that calculates the average of a data set over a specific number of periods to smooth out short-term fluctuations and reveal long-term trends. Year Total Equity Three-year moving average Five-year moving average 2014 14517.4 2015 16574.3 16254.8 2016 17672.7 17909.73333 18266.52 2017 19482.2 20080.3 20851.7 2018 23086 23337.16667 23988.18 2019 27443.3 27595.33333 27846.92 2020 32256.7 32222.13333 32278.24 2021 36966.4 36953.96667 37295.6 2022 41638.8 42259.33333 2023 48172.8 Page | 17 Trend Analysis of Total Equity with 3-Year and 5-Year Moving Averages (2014–2023) Total Equity Performance Over Time 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total Equity Three-year moving average Five-year moving average Graph Interpretation: The graph shows a steady increase in Dutch-Bangla Bank’s total equity from 2014 to 2023. Total equity grew from around 16,000 million to over 48,000 million Taka. The 3-year moving average smooths short-term changes, confirming upward growth. The 5-year moving average shows an even more stable long-term trend. Both averages reflect consistent and sustainable financial performance. This indicates strong equity growth and solid financial health. Page | 18 LINER TREND EQUATION LINER TREND EQUATION 60000 y = 3742.4x + 7197.7 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 FORCASTING (2024-2028) Time period Year Trend line 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 10940.1 14682.5 18424.9 22167.3 25909.7 29652.1 33394.5 37136.9 40879.3 44621.7 48364.1 52106.5 55848.9 59591.3 63333.7 Page | 19 Forecasting for next five years 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Total Equity Trend line Graph Interpretation: The graph titled “Forecasting for next five years” shows the trend of Total Equity from 2014 to 2028. The graph compares two curves: Blue line represents Total Equity (actual historical data) up to 2023. Orange line represents the Trend line (forecasted values). Green line continues the forecasted values for 2024–2028 based on the trend equation. The trend shows a steady upward linear growth from 2014 (10,940.1) to 2028 (63,333.7). There is a close alignment between Total Equity and the Trend line from 2014–2023. The forecast for 2024 to 2028 shows a continued positive linear growth, indicating financial strength or increasing equity. Decision: Positive financial outlook: The increasing trend suggests strong and stable growth in equity. Page | 20 Chapter-5: Total Liability Strategic planning: The upward trend can support decisions like expansion, new product Moving Average launches, or securing funding. Total Liabilites(BDT in Millions) Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total Liabilities 168762 206192 273383 325433 364000 390140 472355 514400 555474 593883 Three Year Moving Average Five Year Moving Average 216112 268336 320939 359858 408832 458965 514076 554586 267554 311830 365062 413266 459274 505250 Moving Average 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Years Total Liabilities Three Year Moving Average Five Year Moving Average This graph and table smooth out the year-to-year fluctuations in Dutch Bangla Bank's total liabilities to reveal the underlying long-term trend. The actual liabilities, which rose from 168,762 million BDT in 2014 to 593,883 million BDT in 2023, are plotted alongside a three-year and a five-year moving average.Three-Year Moving Average: This average is calculated over a three-year period to show a medium-term trend. It is more responsive to recent changes in total liabilities. For example, the value of 216,112 million BDT for 2015 is the average of the liabilities from 2014, 2015, and 2016. This average steadily rises from 2015 to 554,586 million BDT by 2022, confirming a consistent upward trajectory.Five-Year Moving Average: This average is calculated over a five-year period to provide a clearer, more stable view of the long-term trend. It is less affected by single-year fluctuations than the three-year average. As shown in the table, the five-year moving average begins with a value | 21 million of 2667554 million BDT in 2016 (the average of 2014-2018) and continues to rise smoothly toPage 505,259 BDT by 2021. The five-year moving average provides the smoothest line, clearly confirming a stable and continuous upward trend over the decade, without any signs of a decline. Linear Trend Equation Time Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Year Total Liabilities Trend 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 168762 206192 273383 325433 364000 390140 472355 514400 555474 593883 169774 217914 266054 314194 362334 410474 458614 506754 554894 603034 y = 48140x + 121634 Trend Equation 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 2014 2015 2016 Time Code 2017 2018 2019 Total Liabilities 2020 2021 2022 Линейная (Total Liabilities) 2023 During the initial years (2014–2016), actual total liabilities remained close to the trend values. In 2014, the actual figure (168,762) nearly matched the trend (169,774), showing a good fit. While liabilities in 2015 (206,192) fell slightly below the predicted (217,914), they exceeded the trend in 2016 (273,383 vs. 266,054). In the mid-years (2017–2019), the actual and trend values remained moderately aligned. For instance, in 2018, liabilities were 364,000 compared to the trend of 362,334, though 2019 showed a slight dip below the trend. From 2020 onward, actual liabilities consistently exceeded or closely followed the trend line, indicating accelerated growth. In 2023, actual liabilities reached 593,883 against a trend estimate of 603,034. The linear trend equation y = 48140x+121634 suggests an average annual increase of 48,140 units in liabilities, with the base level starting at 121,634. This steady upward movement reflects growing financial obligations over the Page | 22 years. Forecasting (2024-2028) Total Liabilites(BDT in Millions) Time Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Trend 169774 217914 266054 314194 362334 410474 458614 506754 554894 603034 651174 699314 747454 795594 843734 Forecasting for next 5 years y = 48140x + 121634 900000 800000 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Time Code Years Time Code Forecast Trend The forecasting graph visually extends the linear growth trend of total liabilities beyond 2023. The dotted line indicates the predicted values for the next five years, showing a steady upward trajectory. The slope remains consistent with the historical trend, projecting an average annual increase of 48,140 million BDT. This indicates that if the current financial pattern continues, the organization’s total liabilities are expected to cross 800,000 million BDT by 2027, reaching 843,734 million BDT by 2028. Page | 23 Chapter-6: EPS (Earnings Per Share) MOVING AVERAGE year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 EPS(TK) 11 15.1 8.9 12.3 21 8.7 10 8.8 8.14 10.72 Three-year moving average Five-year moving average 11.67 12.10 14.07 14.00 13.23 9.17 8.98 9.22 13.66 13.2 12.18 12.16 11.328 9.272 Moving Average 25 EPS(TK) 20 15 10 5 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Year EPS(TK) Three-year moving average Five-year moving average Interpretation of the Graph: The graph and table show the actual EPS (Earnings Per Share) of Dutch Bangla Bank from 2014 to 2023 along with the three-year and five-year moving averages to smooth out short-term fluctuations. The actual EPS line shows sharp ups and downs, with a peak in 2018 (21 TK) and noticeable drops in 2016 and 2019. The three-year moving average (orange line) follows the actual EPS more closely and responds faster to changes, while the five-year moving average (gray line) is smoother and shows a more stable long-term trend. Both moving averages confirm a rise until 2018, followed by a gradual decline. Overall, the moving averages help to identify the general trend of EPS, reducing the noise from year-to-year changes. Page | 24 LINER TREND EQUATION Time Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 EPS(TK) 11 15.1 8.9 12.3 21 8.7 10 8.8 8.14 10.72 Trend Line 13.401 12.971 12.541 12.111 11.682 11.252 10.822 10.392 9.962 9.532 Trend Equation 25 EPS(TK) 20 y = -0,4299x + 13,831 15 10 5 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Time Code Year EPS(TK) Trend Line Interpretation of the Graph: The graph and table show the Earnings Per Share (EPS) of Dutch Bangla Bank from 2014 to 2023, with actual EPS values and a trend line indicating the overall direction. The EPS fluctuated during this period, reaching a peak of 21 TK in 2018 and a low of 8.7 TK in 2019. The trend line, represented by the equation y = -0.4299x + 13.831, shows a gradual downward trend, suggesting that EPS has been decreasing by about 0.43 TK each year on average. Although some years performed better or worse than the trend, the overall pattern indicates a slow decline in EPS over time. Page | 25 FORCASTING (2024-2028) Time Code Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Expected EPS(TK) 13.401 12.971 12.541 12.111 11.682 11.252 10.822 10.392 9.962 9.532 9.102 8.672 8.242 7.812 7.383 Expected SPS(TK) Forecasting for next five years 14,0 13,0 12,0 11,0 10,0 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 y = -0,4299x + 13,831 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Time Code Expected EPS(TK) Forecasting Interpretation of the Graph: The graph and table show the historical and projected Earnings Per Share (EPS) of Dutch Bangla Bank from 2014 to 2028. The data reveals a steady decline in EPS over the years, starting at 13.401 in 2014 and dropping to 9.532 by 2023. Based on the linear trend equation, the forecast for the next five years (2024–2028) shows a continued decrease, with EPS expected to fall to 7.383 by 2028. This consistent downward trend suggests a long-term weakening in the bank’s earnings performance. Page | 26 Conclusion The study concludes that Dutch-Bangla Bank has experienced robust growth in terms of assets and equity from 2014 to 2023. However, despite these positive developments, key profitability indicators such as ROE and EPS have declined, signaling the need for strategic focus on improving financial performance. Moving average and trendline analyses provide clear insights into longterm patterns, while the five-year forecasting helps anticipate future challenges. To ensure sustainable growth, the bank should aim to enhance operational efficiency, control costs, and develop strategies to improve shareholder value. Page | 27 References 1. Dutch-Bangla Bank PLC. (n.d.). Dutch-Bangla Bank PLC. Retrieved August 2, 2025, from https://www.dutchbanglabank.com/ 2. Dutch-Bangla Bank PLC. (2023). Annual report 2023. Dutch-Bangla Bank PLC. Retrieved from https://www.dutchbanglabank.com/investor-relations/Annual-Report-2023/Annual-Report-20 23.pdf 3. Dutch-Bangla Bank PLC. (2015). Annual report 2015. Dutch-Bangla Bank PLC. Retrieved from https://www.dutchbanglabank.com/investor-relations/Annual-Report-2015/Annual-Report-20 15.pdf Page | 28
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