Haven's Light is Our Guide
Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Lab Report
Course Name : Electrical Circuits I Sessional
Course Code :EEE 1102
Experiment No. : 06
Name of the Experiment :Verification of Mesh analysis &Verification of Nodal analysis.
Submitted to
Dr. Md. Masud Rana
Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronic
Engineering
Rajshahi University of Engineering and
Technology
Submitted by
Name : Md. Rafid al tahamid
Roll : 2301131
Class : First year (odd)
Section : 'C'. Session :2023-24
Date of Submission : 03 /12/24
Date of Experiment : 26/11/24
Experiment Number: 06
Name of the Experiment: Verification of Mesh analysis.
Objective: To Verify Mesh analysis for a given electrical network.
Theory:
Mesh is defined as a loop which does not contain any other loops within it. It is a basic
important technique to find solutions in a network. If network has large number of voltage
sources, it is useful to use mesh analysis.
To apply Mesh analysis:
1. Select mesh currents.
2. Write the mesh equation using KVL.
3. Solve the equation to find the mesh currents
Required Apparatus:
1. Ammeter (2 pieces; 0-1A)
2. Variarc
3. Resistance (5 pieces;37,108, 370)
4. AC voltage source (100 V)
5. Connecting wires
Circuit Diagram:
Figure : Circuit Diagram for Mesh Analysis
Data Table:
Voltage Variable
Calculated Measured Error,
Source, Resistance, Current,
Current
E1 (%)
Vs (V)
R2 (V)
Icalc1 (A)
in 108,
I1 (A)
100
100
100
370
300
200
0.706
0.709
0.718
0.72
0.71
0.73
1.98
1.41
1.67
Calculated Measured
Current,
Current in
Icalc2 (A)
Variable
Resistance,
I2(A)
0.064
0.06
0.078
0.07
0.121
0.11
Error,
E2
(%)
6.25
10.2
9.09
Calculation & Analysis:
Error 1,
𝐼
𝐸1 = 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐1
𝐼
−𝐼1
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐1
× 100%
Average Error for current 1,
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
∑ 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
1.98 + 1.41 + 1.67
× 100% = 1.19%
3
Error 2,
𝐼
𝐸2 = 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐2
𝐼
−𝐼2
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐2
× 100%
Average Error for current 1,
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
∑ 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
6.25 + 10.2 + 9.09
× 100% = 8.51%
3
Discussion:
Based on the analysis of data and calculations, it can be determined that the current flow in
108 & variable resistance is about the same as calculated from the mesh analysis. The
slightest error occurs due to the resistance shown by wires. However, the error rate remains
significantly low. In the hypothetical scenario when ideal lines and ideal equipment are
employed, it is possible to achieve the calculated values from mesh analysis. It is evident that
Mesh Analysis is accurate.
Experiment Number: 07
Name of the Experiment: Verification of Nodal analysis.
Objective: To Verify Nodal analysis for a given electrical network.
Theory:
Node is defined as a point where two or more elements meet. But only nodes with three or
more elements are considered. If the circuit consists of N nodes including the reference node,
then (N-1) nodal equations are obtained.
To apply nodal analysis:
1. Identify & mark the node, assign node voltages.
2. Write the KCL equations in terms of unknowns.
3. Solve them to find the node voltages
Required Apparatus:
3.
4.
3.
4.
5.
Voltmeter (2 pieces; 0-100V)
Variac
Resistance (5 pieces; 37,108, 370)
AC voltage source (220 V)
Connecting wires
Circuit Diagram:
Figure: Circuit Diagram for Nodal Analysis
Data Table:
Voltage Variable
Calculated Measured Error,
Source, Resistance, Voltage at Voltage
E1 (%)
Vs (V)
node
1,
at
node
1,
R2 ()
Vcalc1 (A) V1 (A)
Calculated
Voltage at
node 2,
Vcalc2 (A)
Measured
Voltage at
node 2,
V2(A)
Error,
E2
(%)
100
100
100
1.74
1.71
1.64
1.43
1.39
1.43
17.8
18.7
12.8
370
300
200
7.35
7.34
7.32
6.43
6.42
6.45
12.51
12.53
11.88
Calculation & Analysis:
Error 1,
𝐸1 =
𝑉𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐1 −𝑉1
𝑉𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐1
× 100%
Average Error for current 1,
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
∑ 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
12.51 + 12.53 + 11.88
× 100% = 12.3%
3
Error 2,
𝑉−𝑉2
𝐸2 = 𝑉
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐2
× 100%
Average Error for current 1,
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑔1 =
∑ 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
17.8 + 18.7 + 12.8
× 100% = 16.43%
3
Discussion:
Based on the analysis of data and calculations, it can be determined that the voltage across
resistances is about the same as calculated from the nodal analysis. The slightest error occurs
due to the resistance shown by wires. However, the error rate remains significantly low. In
the hypothetical scenario when ideal lines and ideal equipment are employed, it is possible to
achieve the calculated values from nodal analysis. It is evident that Nodal Analysis is
accurate.