Tissue types (summary)
Name
Description
Function
Epithelium tissue
Simple squamous
epithelium
Single layer of flat
cells
Simple cuboidal
epithelium
Single layer of cells
where height equals
width
Single layer of cells
that are taller than
they are wide
Simple columnar
epithelium
Pseudostratified
epithelium
Stratified squamous
epithelium
Stratified cuboidal
epithelium
Stratified columnar
epithelium
Transitional
epithelium
All cells touch basal
membrane but not
all the apical surface
(still a single layer of
cells)
Multiple layers of
cells with outer most
layer being flat
Two/three layers of
cells with outermost
layer of equal height
& width
Two/multiple layers
of cell with
outermost layer with
greater height than
width
Multiple layers of
cells with outermost
cells being large &
dome-shaped
Example
Secretes serous fluid
(reduces friction),
controls vessel
permeability, allows
material to pass by
diffusion
For secretion &
absorption
Mesothelium (body
cavities),
endothelium (blood
cells), lungs, forms
serous membranes
For absorption,
protection, secretion
of mucous &
enzymes
Protection, secretion
of mucous, motility
Digestive tract
Location of
mechanical stress,
for protection against
abrasion, pathogens,
& chemicals
Protection &
secretion of
importance
Skin (epidermis), oral
cavity, pharynx,
esophagus, anal
canal, vaginal canal
Very rare in humans
– location where 2
organ systems exist
(dual function)
Male reproductive
tract
Changes in
appearance
(outermost layer can
stretch/expansion)
for protection
Urinary system
Kidneys and ducts of
glands
Respiratory tract
Ducts of sweat glands
& mammary glands
Connective tissue
Mesenchyme
Origin of all CT cells
& tissue
CT proper: areolar
Most common &
least specialized
(open framework
with gel-like ground
substance & elastic
fibres)
Fat tissue
CT proper: adipose
CT proper: reticular
CT proper: dense
regular CT
CT proper: dense
irregular CT
Fluid CT: blood
Fluid CT: lymph
Support CT: bone
Support CT: cartilage
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Embryo & remain
stem cells in adult
tissue
Links together other
tissues & organs
Padding, insulation,
& energy storage
Reticular fibres which Forms a soft skeleton
form an internal
for structure
skeleton (foundation)
Fibres align in one
Helps with tension,
direction
reduces frictions,
stabilizes joints
Fibres unaligned
Provides strength to
resist forces in all
directions
Composed of blood
cells & plasma
Bring nutrients &
gases to and from
organs
Composed of
Forms the immune
lymphocytes & lymph system
fluid
Hard collagen matrix Support, protection,
with a lot of
movement,
vasculature
resistance to forces
Dense avascular
Protection, flexibility,
matrix
resistance to forces
Muscle tissue
Elongated,
cylindrical, peripheral
nuclei, straited
(alignment of
myofilaments)
Branching fibres with
intercalated disks,
All over the body
Surrounds all organs
(ex lungs), tissues (ex
muscle), blood
vessels, nerves, &
joints
Deep to skin &
around organs
Spleen, lymph nodes
Tendons & ligaments
Skin (dermis), some
organ capsule,
sheaths around
bone, & nerves
All over the body
All over the body
Skeleton
Throughout body
Powerful (voluntary)
contraction, attaches
to bone, generates
force & heat
Muscular system
Specialized for
continuous,
Heart
Smooth muscle
Neurons
Glial cells
striated (alignment of rhythmic, involuntary
myofilaments), single contractions
central nucleus
Spindle-shaped,
Slow sustained
Viscera (organs)
central nucleus, non- involuntary
straited (noncontractions
alignment of
myofilaments)
Nervous tissue
Large cells with
elongated cell
processes, highly
asymmetrical (cell
body, dendrites,
axon, presynaptic
terminals)
Smaller cells that
support, protect, &
provide framework
for neurons
Impulse conducting
cells - receives,
processes, &
integrates signals
from within the body
& external
environment
PNS = Schwann cells
(support, protection,
framework,
myelination of
neurons)
CNS =
oligodendrocytes
(myelin – conduction
velocity), astrocytes
(support &
protection),
ependymal cells
(produces CSF –
cerebral spinal fluid),
microglia
(macrophages)
Central nervous
system (CNS) &
Peripheral nervous
system (PNS)
Central nervous
system (CNS) &
Peripheral nervous
system (PNS)