OptiX OSN 3500
Technical Manual - Networking and Application
Contents
Contents
4 Ethernet Service Networking...................................................................................................4-1
4.1 EPL.............................................................................................................................................. 4-2
4.1.1 Transparent Transmission .................................................................................................. 4-2
4.1.2 Shared PORT ..................................................................................................................... 4-3
4.1.3 Shared VCTRUNK ............................................................................................................ 4-5
4.2 EVPL ........................................................................................................................................... 4-7
4.2.1 Ingress/Egress .................................................................................................................... 4-7
4.2.2 Transit ................................................................................................................................ 4-9
4.3 EPLAN ...................................................................................................................................... 4-11
4.4 EVPLAN ................................................................................................................................... 4-13
4.5 Resilient Packet Ring ................................................................................................................ 4-15
4.5.1 EVPL ............................................................................................................................... 4-15
4.5.2 EVPLAN.......................................................................................................................... 4-18
4.6 Ethernet Service Protection ....................................................................................................... 4-22
4.6.1 TPS Protection for the EFS0............................................................................................ 4-22
4.6.2 LCAS ............................................................................................................................... 4-23
4.6.3 CAR ................................................................................................................................. 4-24
4.6.4 RSTP................................................................................................................................ 4-24
4.6.5 Flow Control .................................................................................................................... 4-24
4.6.6 RPR.................................................................................................................................. 4-25
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Figures
Figures
Figure 4-1 EPL service application (transparent transmission) ........................................................ 4-2
Figure 4-2 EPL service application (convergence)........................................................................... 4-4
Figure 4-3 EPL service application (shared VCTRUNK) ................................................................ 4-6
Figure 4-4 EVPL service application (shared VCTRUNK) ............................................................. 4-8
Figure 4-5 Transit application......................................................................................................... 4-10
Figure 4-6 EPLAN service application........................................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4-7 EVPLAN service application........................................................................................ 4-13
Figure 4-8 EVPL application on RPR ............................................................................................ 4-16
Figure 4-9 EVPLAN application on RPR ...................................................................................... 4-19
Figure 4-10 LCAS adjusts bandwidth dynamically........................................................................ 4-23
Figure 4-11 LCAS protects the concatenation group...................................................................... 4-24
Figure 4-12 Flow control at the Ethernet side ................................................................................ 4-25
Figure 4-13 Bidirectional RPR ....................................................................................................... 4-25
Figure 4-14 Wrapping of RPR........................................................................................................ 4-26
Figure 4-15 Steering of RPR .......................................................................................................... 4-26
Figure 4-16 Wrapping + steering of RPR ....................................................................................... 4-27
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4
4 Ethernet Service Networking
Ethernet Service Networking
This chapter describes network planning for Ethernet services through actual
networking implementation of a variety of Ethernet services. It includes:
„
„
„
„
„
„
EPL
EVPL
EPLAN
EVPLAN
Resilient packet ring
Ethernet service protection
Note
The MSTP equipment supports four types of Ethernet services.
„ Ethernet private line (EPL)
„ Ethernet virtual private line (EVPL)
„ Ethernet private LAN (EPLAN)
„ Ethernet virtual private LAN (EVPLAN)
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4.1 EPL
The EPL service realizes the point-to-point connection, point-to-multipoint
connection and service convergence.
4.1.1 Transparent Transmission
Service Requirement
Company A (hereinafter called A) and Company B (hereinafter called B) in city 1
need to transmit data services to city 2 through an MSTP equipment. The services
of A must be isolated from that of B. Both A and B can provide 100 Mbit/s Ethernet
electrical interfaces. A requires a bandwidth of 10 Mbit/s and B 45 Mbit/s.
Application
In this example, the OptiX OSN 3500 can realize the transparent transmission of
services between NE1 and NE2. Figure 4-1 shows the networking diagram.
B
PORT2
PORT1
VCTRUNK2
VCTRUNK2
VCTRUNK 1
VCTRUNK 1
PORT2
B
POTR1
A
A
NE 1
NE 2
OptiX OSN 3500
Enterprise
Figure 4-1 EPL service application (transparent transmission)
In city 1, services of A and B are accessed through PORT ports of NE1. In city 2,
services of A and B are accessed through PORT ports of NE2.
On the line, the service of A is transmitted over one VCTRUNK, and that of B is
over another VCTRUNK.
4-2
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Implementation
Implementation
Port route
Hardware
configuration
Configure an EFS4 board on NE1 and NE2 respectively to access
the Ethernet services of A and B. For the slots of the EFS4 board,
see Appendix A “Network Configuration Requirements”.
Service route
A
NE1
NE2
PORT1 ÕÖ VCTRUNK1
VCTRUNK1 ÕÖ PORT1
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK1
B
PORT2 ÕÖ VCTRUNK2
VCTRUNK2 ÕÖ PORT2
Bind one VC-3 into VCTRUNK2
Protection
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
Note
In this example, the EFS0 and EFT8 can also be used. You can apply the same
principles to the implementation of GE services except that the GE service requires
the EGS2 or EGT2 board.
Summary
Adopting point-to-point transparent transmission, the EPL service achieves high
security, because it occupies the line alone and isolates other services. It is
applicable for providing private lines for VIPs.
4.1.2 Shared PORT
Service Requirement
The headquarters of A is in city 1. The M&S department and technical support
department of A are in city 2. The headquarters needs to communicate with the two
branches over 10 Mbit/s bandwidth respectively. The communication between the
headquarters and two branches must be isolated. All the Ethernet switches of A
provide 100 Mbit/s Ethernet electrical interfaces. The Ethernet switch in the
headquarters supports virtual local area network (VLAN).
Application
The services from the two branches need to be transmitted to the headquarters and
be converged. The services from the headquarters needs to be transmitted to the two
branches. This application can be realized by the OptiX OSN 3500, as shown in
Figure 4-2.
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VCTRUNK 1
A M&S
Dept
VCTRUNK 1
PORT1
POTR1
VCTRUNK2
Headquarters
of A
VCTRUNK 2
NE 1
PORT2
A
Technical
support
Dept
NE 2
OptiX OSN 3500
Enterprise
Figure 4-2 EPL service application (convergence)
Implementation
Implementation
Port route + VLAN route
VLAN100
VLAN200
Headquarters
of A
A M&S
Dept
VLAN100
VCTRUNK1
VCTRUNK2
PORT1
VLAN200
POTR1 PORT
2
NE 1
NE 2
OptiX OSN 3500
A
Technical
support
Dept
Enterprise
Service convergence: In city 2, services from the two branches are accessed through
PORT ports of NE2. With different VLANs added (VLAN ID: 100 and VLAN ID:
200), services are transmitted to city 1 over different VCTRUNKs. NE1 converges the
two lines of services and output them through a PORT.
Service split: The Ethernet processing board of NE1 processes the services (with
VLAN ID: 100 and VLAN ID: 200) from the headquarters of A, and sends them over
different VCTRUNKs to the branches based on the VLAN ID numbers.
Hardware
configuration
Configure an EFS4 board on NE1 and NE2 respectively to access the Ethernet service
from the headquarters and the branches of A. For the slots of the EFS4 board, see
Appendix A “Network Configuration Requirements”.
Service route
Headquarters ÕÖM&S
department
NE1
NE2
PORT1 + VLAN ID: 100
ÕÖ VCTRUNK1 + VLAN
ID: 100
VCTRUNK1 + VLAN ID:
100 ÕÖ PORT1 + VLAN
ID: 100
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK1
Headquarters ÕÖ
Technical support
department
PORT1 + VLAN ID: 200
ÕÖ VCTRUNK2 + VLAN
ID: 200
VCTRUNK2 + VLAN ID:
200 ÕÖ PORT2 + VLAN
ID: 200
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK2
Protection
4-4
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
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Note
In this example, the EFS0 can also be used. You can apply the same principles to the
implementation of GE services except that the GE service requires the EGS2 board.
Summary
The MSTP equipment can realize the convergence of the EPL service and
point-to-multipoint networking of the Ethernet service. The VLAN label makes it
possible that more than one EPL service shares a PORT, thus saving the port
resources.
The VLAN tags of Ethernet services received by NE2 may come from two ways:
„
„
The VLAN tag of the Ethernet data
The VLAN tag added by the Ethernet processing board when the Ethernet data
has no VLAN
The Ethernet switch interconnected with NE1 (convergence node) should be aware
of the two kinds of VLAN above. Otherwise, the networking in this example will
fail.
4.1.3 Shared VCTRUNK
Service Requirement
Community Users 1 and 2 are in city 1 and city 2 respectively. The two users need
to communicate with each other
User 3 and User 4 are users in cyber cafes in city 1 and city 2 respectively. The two
users need to communicate with each other as well.
Services of the communities and those of cyber cafes are isolated completely. The
peak hour of communities is at night and that of cyber cafes is in the day, so they
can share a 10 Mbit/s bandwidth. The Ethernet switch equipment of them can
provide 100 Mbit/s Ethernet electrical interfaces but does not support VLAN.
Application
The bandwidth sharing requirement in this application can be realized by the OptiX
OSN 3500. Figure 4-3 shows the networking diagram.
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User 3
User 4
PORT2
PORT2
VCTRUNK1
PORT1
PORT1
User 1
User 2
NE1
NE2
Community
Cyber cafe
OptiX OSN 3500
Figure 4-3 EPL service application (shared VCTRUNK)
Implementation
Implementation
Port route + VLAN route
User 3
User 4
VLAN200
VLAN200
VCTRUNK
VLAN100
User 1
PORT
1
VLAN100
PORT
2
PORT
1
User 2
NE 2
NE 1
Cyber cafe
Community
OptiX OSN 3500
In city 1, the service of User 1 is accessed through PORT1 and the service of User 3 is
accessed through PORT2 of NE1, With different VLANs added (VLAN ID: 100 and
VLAN ID: 200). After converging by the Ethernet board, all services are sent to city 2
over one VCTRUNK.
In city 2, the Ethernet processing board of NE2 processes the services (with VLAN ID:
100 and VLAN ID: 200) from city 1, and sends the services to User 2 and User 4
respectively based on the VLAN ID numbers.
Hardware
configuration
Configure one EFS4 board on NE1 to access Ethernet services from User 1 and User 3.
Configure one EFS4 board on NE2 to access Ethernet services from User 2 and User 4.
For the slots of the EFS4 board, see Appendix A “Network Configuration
Requirements”.
Service route
NE1
NE2
User 1 ÕÖ User 2
PORT1 + VLAN ID: 100 ÕÖ
VCTRUNK1 + VLAN ID:
100
VCTRUNK1 + VLAN ID:
100 ÕÖ PORT1 + VLAN ID:
100
User 3 ÕÖ User 4
PORT2 + VLAN ID: 200 ÕÖ
VCTRUNK1 + VLAN ID:
200
VCTRUNK1 + VLAN ID:
200 ÕÖ PORT2 + VLAN ID:
200
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK1
Protection
4-6
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
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Note
In this example the EFS0 can also be used. You can apply the same principles to the
implementation of GE services except that the GE service requires the EGS2 board.
Summary
The MSTP equipment can realize the convergence of EPL services and bandwidth
sharing on the line. The VLAN label makes it possible that more than one EPL
service shares a PORT or VCTRUNK, thus saving the port and bandwidth
resources.
This application is applicable to users who have different peak hours so that they
can preempt the bandwidth freely.
4.2 EVPL
4.2.1 Ingress/Egress
Ingress and Egress are two operations to label switch path (LSP). Ingress indicates
adding MPLS label. Egress indicates stripping MPLS label. The typical application
of the EVPL service is to perform ingress when services enter the network and
egress when services leave the network. This application isolates different services
in the network with MPLS label.
EVPL adopts the MPLS technology, whose transmission efficiency is lower than
that of EPL and the configuration is more complicated.
Service Requirement
Company A has two branches (1 and 2) located in city 1 and city 2 respectively. The
M&S department in branch 1 needs to communicate with that in branch 2, so does
the technical support department. The communication between the M&S
departments shares the 10 Mbit/s bandwidth with that between the technical
support departments. However, the two services are completely isolated. The
VLAN IDs accessed by the two departments are both 100. Ethernet switches in
Company A can provide the 100 Mbit/s Ethernet electrical interfaces.
Application
EVPL service can realize the above requirements since the VLAN IDs of the two
departments are the same and they need to share the bandwidth. The EVPL services
adopts multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) Layer 2 VPN encapsulation, and
supports identification of external label (Tunnel) and internal label (VC).
The OptiX OSN 3500 can realize the above service requirements, as shown in
Figure 4-4.
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M&S Dept.
M&S Dept.
PORT2
PORT2
VCTRUNK1
PORT1
PORT1
Technical
Support Dept.
Technical
Support Dept.
Branch 1
Branch 2
NE1
NE
Company A
OptiX OSN 3500
Figure 4-4 EVPL service application (shared VCTRUNK)
Implementation
Implementation
Port route + MPLS route
Ingress
M&S Dept.
PE
Egress
P
P
PORT1
VCTRUNK 1
Technical
Support Dept.
M&S Dept.
PE
PORT1
1
PORT2
VCTRUNK
VCTRUNK 1
NE1
NE2
PORT2
Technical
Support Dept.
Branch 2
Branch 1
Company A
OptiX OSN 3500
Add MPLS label to services, since the two departments share one VLAN and the
bandwidth.
In city 1, services of M&S department and technical support department are accessed
through PORT1 and PORT2 of NE1 respectively, with different MPLS labels added
(Tunnel label and VC label). After converging by the Ethernet board, all services are
sent to city 2 over a VCTRUNK.
In city 2, the Ethernet processing board of NE2 processes services from city 1 and
sends them to the two departments in city 2 respectively based on the MPLS label.
Hardware
configuration
Configure one EFS4 board on NE1 to access Ethernet services from M&S and
technical support departments.
Configure one EFS4 board on NE2 to access Ethernet services from M&S and
technical support departments.
For the slots of the EFS4 board, see Appendix A “Network Configuration
Requirements”.
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Service route
4 Ethernet Service Networking
NE1
NE2
Technical support
department
PORT1 ÕÖ VCTRUNK1 +
MPLS label 1
VCTRUNK1 + MPLS label 1
ÕÖ PORT1
M&S department
PORT2 ÕÖ VCTRUNK1 +
MPLS label 2
VCTRUNK1 + MPLS label 2
ÕÖ PORT2
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK1
Protection
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
Note
In this example, the EFS0 can also be used. You can apply the same principles to the
implementation of GE services except that the GE service requires the EGS2 board.
Summary
The EVPL service supports dual isolation through VLAN ID and MPLS label,
realizing service isolation among different users or different departments of one
user. That is, The EVPL service can isolate data with the same VLAN ID on the
same link.
However, EVPL requires complicated configuration but offers lower transmission
efficiency. Therefore, EPL is preferable unless there is special requirement.
4.2.2 Transit
Service Requirement
Company A has branch 1 in city 1 and branch 2 in city 2, between which data
service is transmitted. The MSTP equipment interconnects with a router that
supports MPLS and the data packets to be transmitted with the MPLS label. The
MSTP equipment should only transmit the MPLS data packet over the 10 Mbit/s
bandwidth. Company A can provide the 100 Mbit/s Ethernet electrical interfaces.
Application
The OptiX OSN 3500 can realize the transparent transmission of MPLS packet
between two branches. Figure 4-5 shows the networking diagram.
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VCTRUNK
PORT1(P)
VCTRUNK1 (P)
Company A
Branch 1
PORT1(P)
VCTRUNK1(P)
Transit LSP
Transit LSP
NE1
Company A
Branch 2
NE2
OptiX OSN 3500
Enterprise
Figure 4-5 Transit application
The Transit application of EVPL can realize the transparent transmission of the
MPLS data packet.
Implementation
Implementation
Service type: EVPL
Port route + Transit LSP
In this application, all logical ports of NE1 and NE2 (including
PORT and VCTRUNK) are set to “P” ports, LSP operation type is
“Transit”, and the MPLS data is transmitted transparently after
label switching.
Hardware
configuration
Configure an EFS4 board on NE1 and NE2 respectively to access
the MPLS data service of Company A. For the slots of the EFS4
board, see Appendix A “Network Configuration Requirements”.
Service route
Company
A
NE1
NE2
PORT1 + MPLS label 1
ÕÖ VCTRUNK1 +
MPLS label 2
VCTRUNK1 + MPLS
label 2 ÕÖ PORT1 +
MPLS label 1
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK1
The OptiX OSN 3500 only supports switching of
Tunnel label.
Protection
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
Note
In this example, the EFS0 can also be used. You can apply the same principles to the
implementation of GE services except that the GE service requires the EGS2 board.
Summary
The Transit application of EVPL can realize the transparent transmission and
forwarding of the MPLS data packet.
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EPL is actually a special Transit because it can transparently transmit all services
with MPLS label.
4.3 EPLAN
Service Requirement
Company A has three branches in city 1, 2 and 3. Each branch can visit the other
two to realize information sharing. The three branches share a 10 Mbit/s bandwidth
dynamically. All Ethernet equipment of Company A can provide 100 Mbit/s
Ethernet electrical interfaces and the VLAN ID is 100.
Application
The EPLAN service can realize access and dynamic bandwidth sharing among the
three branches. The Ethernet board of the OptiX OSN 3500 supports Layer 2
switching of Ethernet data and supports EPLAN service through the virtual bridge
(VB), as shown in Figure 4-6.
PORT1
VB
VCTRUNK1
Branch 3
NE3
VCTRUNK2
VB
VB
PORT1
PORT1
VCTRUNK1
VCTRUNK1
Port1
Port1
NE 1
Branch 1
Branch 2
Access
point
Company
A
OptiX OSN 3500
Figure 4-6 EPLAN service application
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Implementation
Implementation
Service type: EPLAN
VB realizes the EPLAN application.
Each NE can create at least one VB and each VB can create an
MAC address table that is updated periodically through address
learning. When NE2 accesses services from branch 2, it selects a
VCTRUNK based on the address table to send these services to
branch 1 or 3.
Hardware
configuration
Configure an EFS0 board and an EFF8 interface board on NE1 to
access the Ethernet service from branch 1 of Company A.
Configure an EFS0 board and an EFF8 interface board on NE2 to
access the Ethernet service from branch 2 of Company A.
Configure an EFS0 board and an EFF8 interface board on NE3 to
access the Ethernet service from branch 3 of Company A.
For the slots of the EFS0 and EFF8, see Appendix A “Network
Configuration Requirements”.
Service route
Company A
NE1
NE2
NE3
VB [PORT1,
VCTRUNK1]
VB [PORT1,
VCTRUNK1,
VCTRUNK2]
VB [PORT1,
VCTRUNK1]
VLAN ID: 100
filtering table
[PORT1,
VCTRUNK1]
VLAN ID: 100
VLAN ID: 100 filtering table
filtering table
[PORT1,
[PORT1,
VCTRUNK1]
VCTRUNK1,
VCTRUNK2]
Bind five VC-12s into VCTRUNK1 and
VCTRUNK2 respectively
Protection
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
Note
In this example, the EFS4 can also be used. You can apply the same principles to the
implementation of GE services except that the GE service requires the EGS2 board.
Summary
The EPLAN service can realize multi-point dynamic sharing of the Ethernet service,
conforming to the dynamic feature of data service and saving the bandwidth.
To avoid the broadcast storm, do not configure the EPLAN service as a ring. For
example, configure the Ethernet service between NE1 and NE3 to pass NE2, as
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shown in Figure 4-6. Otherwise, enable the RSTP protocol in the network to avoid
the broadcast storm.
4.4 EVPLAN
EVPLAN adopts the MPLS technology, whose transmission efficiency is lower
than that of EPLAN and the configuration is more complicated. Therefore, EPLAN
is preferable if there is no special requirement.
Service Requirement
Company A has three branches in city 1, 2 and 3. Each branch can visit the other
two to realize information sharing. So do the three branches of Company B. Though
sharing the bandwidth, the services of the two companies should be isolated from
each other. Both Company A and Company B access data with VLAN ID of 100
and can provide 100 Mbit/s Ethernet electrical interface. The Ethernet equipment
supports VLAN.
Application
The EVPLAN service realizes dynamic sharing of services from multiple nodes
and supports MPLS label for data with the same VLAN ID. In this case, a node
needs to access two services with the same VLAN ID at the same time, and the two
services share the bandwidth dynamically. These requirements can be realized by
EVPLAN, as shown in Figure 4-7.
PORT2
PORT1
PE
VB2
P PE
P
Port1 NE3
VCTRUNK2
PE
VB1
VCTRUNK2
Branch 3
PORT2
PORT1
VCTRUNK1
Branch 3
Port 2
VCTRUNK1
P
PE
VB2
VB1
LSP
PE
VB2
VB1
LSP
P
PE
VCTRUNK1
NE 1
Port 2
NE 2
LSP
P
PORT2
PORT1
P
VCTRUNK2
Port 1
Port 1
Port 2
Branch 2
Branch 2
Branch 1
Branch 1
Access
point
Company
A
Company
B
OptiX OSN 3500
Figure 4-7 EVPLAN service application
Compared with EPLAN, EVPLAN further distinguishes data with the same VLAN
ID through MPLS label, realizing transmitting data from different VBs but with the
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same VLAN ID over the same VCTRUNK. Therefore, it can realize dynamic
bandwidth sharing and data isolation for Company A and B.
Implementation
Implementation
Service type: EVPLAN
VB + MPLS route
The Ethernet processing board of the OptiX OSN product supports VB and MPLS.
EVPLAN supports MPLS encapsulation, allowing several VB users to share one
VCTRUNK and realizing dynamic sharing of bandwidth.
In this example, branch 1 of Company A belongs to VB1 and branch 1 of Company B
belongs to VB2. VB1 and VB2 share VCTRUNK1 (bind five VC-12s) in one direction
and VCTRUNK2 (bind five VC-12s) in the other direction. Thus, VB1 (Company A)
and VB2 (Company B) can share the 10 Mbit/s bandwidth dynamically. NE2 and NE3
work in the same way as NE1.
In the EVPLAN service, any two nodes must be connected with the label switch path
(LSP).
Hardware
configuration
Configure an EFS0 and an ETF8 interface board on NE1. Use two Ethernet ports to
access Ethernet services from branch 1 of Company A and from branch 1 of Company
B.
Configure an EFS0 and an ETF8 interface board on NE2. Use two Ethernet ports to
access Ethernet services from branch 2 of Company A and from branch 2 of Company
B.
Configure an EFS0 and an ETF8 interface board on NE3. Use two Ethernet ports to
access Ethernet services from branch 3 of Company A and from branch 3 of Company
B.
For the slots of the EFS0 and ETF8, see Appendix A “Network Configuration
Requirements”.
Service route
NE 1
Company A
VB1 [PORT1, VCTRUNK1 (MPLS label 1), VCTRUNK2 (MPLS
label 1)]
VLAN ID: 100 filtering table [PORT1, VCTRUNK1, VCTRUNK2]
Company B
VB2 [PORT2, VCTRUNK1 (MPLS label 2), VCTRUNK2 (MPLS
label 2)]
VLAN ID: 100 filtering table [PORT2, VCTRUNK1, VCTRUNK2]
VCTRUNK1 and VCTRUNK2 bind five VC-12s respectively.
The configuration of NE2 and NE3 is the same as that of NE1.
Protection
4-14
The services can be protected by the SDH equipment.
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Note
You can apply the same principles to implementation of GE services except that the
GE service requires EGS2 board.
Summary
EVPLAN service supports dual isolation through VLAN ID and MPLS label,
realizing service isolation among different users or different departments of one
user.
The EVPLAN service realizes multi-point dynamic sharing of the Ethernet service.
However, it requires the LSP between any two nodes to form a MESH network. In
addition, the EVPLAN service can avoid the broadcast storm effectively.
4.5 Resilient Packet Ring
The OptiX OSN 3500 supports the resilient packet ring (RPR), which can carry
EVPL services by adopting MPLS technology, can carry EVPLAN services by
adopting stack VLAN technology. In addition, the RPR not only ensures the quality
of service (QoS), but also realizes bandwidth sharing, fairness and fast protection
switching for services. This section introduces the application of EVPL and
EVPLAN in the RPR.
4.5.1 EVPL
Service Requirement
The Ethernet services from city 2 (Company A and B) and city 3 (Company C) are
to be converged to the central node in cities 1, and interconnected with the Ethernet
equipment at the backbone layer through the GE interface. Services of the three
companies should be isolated from each other. The Ethernet equipment in city 1
supports MPLS.
The Ethernet services of Company A and B are output through FE electrical
interfaces, and the service of Company C is output through the GE optical interface.
All private line services share the bandwidth.
Application
The service requirements in this example can be realized by the OptiX OSN 3500
on the RPR. With the combination of RPR and MPLS technology, the EVPL
service and bandwidth sharing can be realized, as shown in Figure 4-8.
In this example, four EVPL services should be realized. The EVPL service between
city 1 and city 2 can be realized by following the method in section 4.2.2 Transit,
and the bandwidth is shared. The EVPL service between city 1 and city 3 can also
be realized by following the method in section 4.2.1 Ingress/Egress.
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NE1–NE4 in Figure 4-8 are all OptiX OSN 3500s. NE1, NE2 and NE3 are
equipped with the RPR processing board to realize EVPL service. Set NE1, NE2
and NE3 as node 1, node 2 and node 3 on the RPR respectively.
Higher-level network
GE
City 1
NE1
4
NE2
1
NE4
2
3
GE
RPR
City 3
Company C
NE3
FE
FE
City 2
FE
Company B
Dept. 2
Company A
Ethernet port
n LSP
Company B
Dept. 1
OptiX OSN 3500
Company A
Company C
Company B
Figure 4-8 EVPL application on RPR
Implementation
Implementation
Service type: EVPL
Port route + VLAN route + MPLS route
The service of Company A is accessed through an FE port on NE3.
Services of two branches of Company B are accessed through another FE port on NE3
and isolated by VLAN ID.
The service of Company C is accessed through a GE port on NE2.
All services are converged on NE1, and then sent to the Ethernet equipment at the upper
layer through a GE port. These services share a 155 Mbit/s bandwidth.
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Configure an EGR2 board on NE1 to converge services and to interconnect with
Ethernet equipment at upper layer through a GE port.
Configure an EGR2 board on NE2 to access GE service from Company C.
Configure an EMR0 board on NE3 to access Ethernet services from Company A and B.
Caution:
The EMR0 and EGR2 support a bandwidth of 8 x VC-4 when it is seated in the 2.5 Gbit/s
slot. Their maximum bandwidth is 4 x VC-4 when it is seated in a 1.25 Gbit/s slot.
For the slots of the EMR0 and EGR2, see Appendix A “Network Configuration
Requirements”.
Service route
Company A:
EVPL 1
NE1
NE2
NE3
PORT1 (GE port) +
MPLS label 1 ÕÖ
RPR1 port + MPLS
label 1'
—
PORT2 (FE port 1)
ÕÖ RPR1 port +
MPLS label 1'
RPR sink node: 1
RPR sink node: 3
Company B:
EVPL 2
PORT1 (GE port) +
—
MPLS label 2 + VLAN
ID: 100 ÕÖ RPR1
port + MPLS label 2' +
VLAN ID: 100
PORT3 (FE port 2) +
VLAN ID: 100ÕÖ
RPR1 port + MPLS
label 2'
RPR sink node: 1
RPR sink node: 3
Service route
Company B:
EVPL 3
PORT1 (GE port) +
—
MPLS label 3 + VLAN
ID: 200 ÕÖ RPR1
port + MPLS label 3' +
VLAN ID: 200
PORT3 (FE port 2) +
VLAN ID: 200 ÕÖ
RPR1 port + MPLS
label 3'
RPR sink node: 1
RPR sink node: 3
Company C:
EVPL 4
PORT1 (GE port) +
MPLS label 4 ÕÖ
RPR1 port + MPLS
label 4'
PORT1 (GE port)
ÕÖ RPR1 port +
MPLS label 4'
—
RPR sink node:1
RPR sink node: 2
Protection
The RPR realizes the protection for the EVPL service through three modes: Wrapping,
Steering, and Wrapping + Steering. When the number of nodes on the ring is less than or
equal to 16, select the switching mode of Steering.
Summary
Under the same QoS level, the RPR processing board also supports the same EVPL
service of the Ethernet service processing board, but it does not support the private
line service that occupies channels exclusively.
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The VIP private line service has plenty and dispersive access points and requires
low bandwidth, so the single ring architecture of RPR is not suitable for private line
service. In addition, the private line service is of high priority and requires
bandwidth strictly, which cannot realize the advantages of RPR, such as fairness
and statistical multiplexing. Therefore, the Ethernet service processing board is
more applicable to this kind of service.
4.5.2 EVPLAN
Service Requirement
The access services of communities are from cities 2, 3 and 4, each of which can
access the other two. Services from these three cities are converged in city 1 and
then interconnected with the Ethernet equipment at the backbone layer through a
GE interface. So are the public access services from cities 2, 3 and 4. The Ethernet
equipment in city 1 supports stack VLAN label. The community access services
and public access services are required to be isolated from each other, yet sharing 2
x VC-4 bandwidth. These services are protected at the Ethernet layer with the
switching time less than 50ms.
The community access services include video and VPN service. The public access
services include IP phone and services in cyber cafes. These services are of
different priorities. For example, the network must assure the bandwidth and
latency jitter for video and IP phone, and assure bandwidth for VPN. The network
provides best effort delivery for services from cyber cafes.
Isolate different services from the same place with the VLAN ID.
Application
Service requirements:
„
„
„
„
Multi-point dynamic sharing
Service isolation
Ethernet-layer protection
Providing different services according to the service type
To meet these requirements, use a RPR to carry the EVPLAN service.
In Figure 4-9, NE1–NE4 are all OptiX OSN 3500s and are equipped with the
resilient packet ring processing board to support EVPLAN service.
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Internet
GE
NE1
City 1
FE NE4
NE2 FE
FE
FE
FE
RPR
City 2 GE
City 4
NE3
GE
Ethernet port
LSP
City 3
FE
FE
RPR1
OptiX OSN 3500
Public
Community
Figure 4-9 EVPLAN application on RPR
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Implementation
Implementation
Service type: EVPLAN
VB + VLAN route + stack VLAN route
Use the stack VLAN label to divide the user domain into red and blue, and use the
VLAN ID on VB to identify users. The VB ports in different stack VLAN domains may
have the same VLAN ID, as shown below.
Internet
NE1 GE
VB1 VB2
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
NE2 VLAN 1
NE4
VB1
VB2
VB1
VB2
RPR
VLAN 2
VLAN 1
VLAN 1
NE3
VLAN 1
VB1 VB2
VLAN 2
VLAN 1
Ethernet port
LSP
RPR1
OptiX OSN 3500
Public
Community
There are two stack VLAN domains mapping to two EVPLAN services on the RPR.
The red domain is stack VLAN2 and the blue domain is stack VLAN1. The VB1 of
EVPLAN1 is in stack VLAN1 and the VB2 of EVPLAN2 is in stack VLAN2. Each VB
may include more than one VLAN, such as VLAN ID: 1 and VLAN ID: 2. The PRP1
port belongs to all stack VLAN domains. Services from each node access the internet
through NE1.
On RPR, you can set traffic priority for each port, thus providing different services
according to the traffic type.
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Configure an EGR2 board on NE1 to converge services and to interconnect with the
Ethernet equipment at upper layer through a GE port.
Configure an EMR0 on NE2 to access public services and community FE services.
Configure an EMR0 on NE3 to access public services and community FE services.
Configure an EMR0 on NE4 to access public services and community FE services.
Caution:
The EMR0 and EGR2 support a bandwidth of 8 x VC-4 when it is seated in the 2.5
Gbit/s slot. Their maximum bandwidth is 4 x VC-4 when it is seated in a 1.25 Gbit/s
slot.
For the slots of the EMR0 and EGR2, see Appendix A “Network Configuration
Requirements”.
Service route
NE1
Public
VB1 [PORT1 (stack VLAN label 1), RPR1 (stack VLAN
label 1)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT1, RPR1]
VLAN ID: 2 filtering table [PORT1, RPR1]
Community
VB2 [PORT1 (stack VLAN label 2), RPR1 (stack VLAN
label 2)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT1, RPR1]
VLAN ID: 2 filtering table [PORT1, RPR1]
NE2
Public
VB1 [PORT2, RPR1 (stack VLAN label 1)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT2, RPR1]
VLAN ID: 2 filtering table [PORT2, RPR1]
Community
VB2 [PORT3, RPR1 (stack VLAN label 2)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT3, RPR1]
NE3
Public
VB1 [PORT2, RPR1 (stack VLAN label 1)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT2, RPR1]
Community
VB2 [PORT3, RPR1 (stack VLAN label 2)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT3, RPR1]
VLAN ID: 2 filtering table [PORT3, RPR1]
NE4
Public
VB1 [PORT2, RPR1 (stack VLAN label 1)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT2, RPR1]
VLAN ID: 2 filtering table [PORT2, RPR1]
Community
VB2 [PORT3, RPR1 (stack VLAN label 2)]
VLAN ID: 1 filtering table [PORT3, RPR1]
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Protection
The RPR realizes the protection for the EVPL service through three modes: Wrapping,
Steering and Wrapping + Steering. When the number of nodes on the ring is less than or
equal to 16, select the switching mode of Steering.
The protection provided by the RPR allows the service free from SDH protection, thus
saving the bandwidth used for protection. What is more, the bandwidth for protection
can be used to transmit additional Ethernet services on RPR.
Summary
Usually, the public services are a kind of converged service of high capacity and
relatively low QoS level. If it is transmitted by the Ethernet Layer 2 switching
processing board, the following problems may occur:
„
„
„
In the Layer 2 shared ring mode, all services can share the bandwidth. However,
if a node encounters large traffic volume, the traffic of other nodes cannot be
assured.
If the bandwidth of each node is limited, it is impossible to realize bandwidth
sharing.
The Ethernet service is protected at the SDH layer, which requires extra
bandwidth.
RPR is a loop technology based on dynamic bandwidth sharing and is a perfect
solution to transmit public services of the lower priority in big granularity. It not
only realizes flow equalization among nodes through the fairness algorithm, but
also improves the bandwidth utilization. In addition, it provides the Ethernet ring
protection with the switching time less than 50ms.
4.6 Ethernet Service Protection
The Ethernet processing board of the OptiX OSN 3500 supports the following data
protection functions:
„
„
„
„
„
„
TPS protection for the EFS0
Link capacity adjustment scheme (LCAS)
Committed access rate (CAR)
Rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP)
Flow control
Resilient packet ring (RPR)
4.6.1 TPS Protection for the EFS0
The OptiX OSN 3500 supports 1:1 TPS protection for electrical fast Ethernet (FE)
service, namely, 1:1 TPS protection for the EFS0 board.
The OptiX OSN 3500 supports 1:1 TPS protection for two groups of Ethernet
services.
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„
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The protection slot is slot 2 and the protected slot is slot 3.
The protection slot is slot 16 and the protected slot is slot 15.
4.6.2 LCAS
LCAS provides an error tolerance mechanism, enhancing the reliability of virtual
concatenation. It has the following functions:
„
„
Configure the system capacity, add or reduce the number of VC bound in the
VCTRUNK and change the service bandwidth dynamically without damaging
the service.
Protect and recover failed members.
As shown in Figure 4-10, LCAS can add or delete members to increase or decrease
the bandwidth dynamically without affecting the service.
MSTP network
I want another 10 M
bandwidth.
Member
Member
Headquarters
Branch
Member
Member
Headquarters
New member
Branch
MSTP
Figure 4-10 LCAS adjusts bandwidth dynamically
As shown in Figure 4-11, LCAS can protect the Ethernet service. If some members
fail, the failed members will be deleted automatically; and other members remain
transmitting data normally. When the failed members are available again, they will
be recovered automatically, and the data will be loaded to them again.
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MSTP network
Member
Member
Branch
Headquarters
Failed member
Member
Member
Headquarters
Branch
Delete failed member
MSTP
Figure 4-11 LCAS protects the concatenation group
4.6.3 CAR
CAR is an important and effective way to manage bandwidth in IP network. The
OSN product supports CAR functional rate restriction and QoS functional setting
of priorities.
CAR manages the bandwidth by limiting the traffic volume to the network at the
peripheral interface. The service is transmitted if the rate is lower than the specified
parameter. Otherwise, the part over the specified parameter is discarded or
transmitted with a lower priority.
For Ethernet services with VLAN label, the priority of the Ethernet packet can be
set by CAR.
4.6.4 RSTP
The system activates the rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP), and modifies the
logical structure of the network topology to avoid the broadcast storm.
RSTP is only applicable to the Ethernet ring.
4.6.5 Flow Control
The Ethernet interface supports IEEE 802.3X flow control, minimizing the packet
loss caused by congestion. As shown in Figure 4-12, the node connecting with
Ethernet in duplex mode sends PAUSE frame to ask the receiving node to stop
transmitting frame signals within a pause-time (N seconds), so as to avoid frame
loss.
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Duplex
Data transmission
Buffer is not full.
Data transmission
Buffer is full.
Pause frame
Buffer is full.
Pause-time = N seconds
Pause frame
Pause-time = 0 second
Buffer is not full.
Data transmission
Buffer is not full.
Ethernet switch
MSTP
Figure 4-12 Flow control at the Ethernet side
4.6.6 RPR
The OptiX OSN product supports IEEE 802.17-specified RPR. RPR is applicable
in a ring network to recover the Ethernet service from fiber-cut and link faults as
soon as possible.
Figure 4-13 shows a bidirectional RPR with rings of converse directions. Both the
outer ring and the inner ring transmit data packets and control packets. The control
packet of the inner ring carries the control information of the data packets in outer
ring, and it is the same with the order reversed.
Node 4
Outer ring
Inner ring
Node 5
Node 3
RPR
Node 1
Node 2
Figure 4-13 Bidirectional RPR
Upon fiber-cut, RPR can start wrapping, steering or wrapping +steering function.
Wrapping is to connect the outer ring with the inner ring at the two nodes adjacent
to the fiber-cut point, as shown in Figure 4-14. Steering is to transmit the packet in
the opposite direction at the transmitting node, as shown in Figure 4-15. In either
way, the packet can reach the destination from the opposite direction and the fail
time is less than 50ms. When the number of nodes on the ring is less than or equal
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to 16, select the switching mode of Steering. Thus, the switching can occur within
the required time and the bandwidth can be effectively used.
Node 4
Outer ring
Inner ring
Node 3
Node 5
RPR
Node 2
Node 1
Wapping
Figure 4-14 Wrapping of RPR
Node 4
Outer ring
Inner ring
Node 3
Node 5
RPR
Node 1
Node 2
Steering
Figure 4-15 Steering of RPR
The protection method of wrapping +steering switches the services first in the way
of wrapping upon a failure on the ring, to ensure the switching speed and minimum
packet loss. After the topology discovery protocol updates the topology after the
failure, steering method works to ensure that the services are sent to the destination
node through the best path in the new topology, which minimizes the waste of
bandwidth.
Figure 4-16 shows an example of wrapping +steering protection. Before a failure
occurs in the ring, the service from node 4 to node 1 passes through node 3 and node
2 and reaches node 1 along the outer ring. When a fiber cut is detected between
node 2 and node 3, wrapping method takes effect. The service is looped back at
nodes 2 and 3. After the topology discovery protocol updates the topology, steering
method triggers a switching. The service passes through nodes 5 and 6 and reaches
node 1 along the inner ring based on the new topology.
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Node 2
Fiber cut
Traffic flow
X
Node 3
Node 1
Dual-ring
2.5 Gbit/s RPR
Node 6
Node 4
Node 5
Node 2
Fiber cut
Node 3
Node 4
X
Dual-ring
2.5 Gbit/s RPR
Node 1
Traffic flow
after switching
Node 6
Node 5
Figure 4-16 Wrapping + steering of RPR
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