5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
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COURSE MATERIAL
A.
D.
5G Benefits
✔ Massive MIMO (Beam Forming)
✔ 5G Benefit according IMT 2020
✔ Flexible Numerology (SCS) & Bandwith
✔ 5G Use Cases
B.
✔ NR Carrier Aggregation
5G Air Interface & Data Channel
✔ Dual Connectivity vs Carrier Aggregation
✔ Air Interface Concept
E.
✔ NR Numerology
4G vs 5G (Tuning Opening)
✔ 4G vs 5G (Tuning Perspective)
✔ NR Channel Control (New in NR)
C.
5G Breakthrough
✔ DSS / ESS (Dynamic Spectrum Sharing) Concept
5G Network Architecture
✔ ENDC / NSA for Anchor Management
✔ Network Architecture Option (NSA & SA)
F.
5G Basic Tuning
✔ Voice Services (Volte & CS Voice) under NSA
✔ 5G OSS and Moshell
✔ ENDC Call Flow
✔ 5G KPIs
✔ 5G Deployment Option
✔ 5G CET Test
(NMS & DT)
✔ 5G Tuning
Day-1
Day-2
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
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5G NR Benefits – According to IMT 2020
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
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5G NR Benefits – Uses Cases
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
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5G Air Interface & NR Numerology
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5G NR Frequency Range & Bandwidth
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5G NR Channel
What are New Channels introduced
in NR compared to LTE :
Ch New
an
in nels
NR
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
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5G NR Channel Functions
• In DL
& UL
• For
Demodulating
Physical
Channel
PDSCH,
PUSCH, PDCCH
& PUCCH
• For Specific
UE and
transmitted
only
required
•
•
•
In DL & UL
For Phase Synch
Used for mmWave
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
•
•
•
•
•
In UL Only
For Specific UE
CSI in Only
In DL Only
For Channel
measurement &
Estimation, Beam
Management and RSRP
Measurement for
Mobility
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5G NR Channel – 4G vs 5G
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5G NR Channel - SSB
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5G NR Channel – SSB (2)
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5G NR Channel – SSB vs CSI-RS
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5G Overall Architecture
4G vs 5G Network Architecture
5G
4G
RAN PART
Funtion
CU (Control Unit)
Provide MC (mobility control), RRM (Radio Resource Management) and SM (Session Management) Functions
DU (Disribuited Unit)
Provides PHY and MAC layer functionalities
RRU (Radio Remote Unit)
Provides Radio Functionalities (Signal Amplifying , Modulation / Demodulation)
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5G NSA vs SA Network Architecture
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5G NSA (Option 3) Details
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5G – Voice Service under NSA Architecture
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5G Tuning Opening – ENDC Call Flow (1)
SG-gNB Call Setup
(2)
MN-eNB Call Setup
(1)
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5G Tuning Opening – ENDC Call Flow (2)
Equal to -110 dBm (-156 + 46)
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5G Deployment Option
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5G BREAKTHROUGH – Massive MIMO (1)
Massive MIMO
Built from antenna array 16 x 16, 32 x 32 or 64
x 64 MIMO Layers to function Beamforming.
More
layers will increase throughput or capacity by
spatial multiplex gain.
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5G BREAKTHROUGH – Massive MIMO (2)
MU (Multi User MIMO)
User has individual beam instead of one big
single beam on the legacy antenna.
The beam
will be focus on the users, hence it can
minimize the interference. Each Ue will have
individual beam.
Characteristic of Massive MIMO are :
a.
User specific Beam Gain
b.
User specific Beamwidth
c.
Vertical Angular Coverage
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5G Breakthrough – Massive MIMO UE Capability (1)
Sample of Massive MIMO Capable Ue
LTE / 5G NR Ue Massive MIMO UE
Capability can be checked during RRC
Connection Setup on UE EUtra
Capabilities-V160 on FGI (Feature Group
Index) 🡪 Index 106 must be set “1” or
“YES”.
Xiaomi Mi 10
One Plus 6
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5G Breakthrough – Massive MIMO UE Capability (2)
Sample of Non-Massive MIMO Capable Ue
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5G Breakthrough – Flexible Numerology (1)
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5G Breakthrough – Flexible Numerology (2)
Wider subcarrier spacing makes system robust to phase noise
Phase noise increase LO Frequency but decrease with subcarrier
spacing therefore if we want to operate in higher ranges, we should
use wider subcarrier spacing to mitigate phase noise
Wider subcarrier spacing are also suitable to support low latency
services
In NR scheduling happens on slot level, therefore latency of system
is determined by slot duration, so lower slot duration or wider
subcarrier spacing implies low latency
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5G Breakthrough – Flexible Bandwidth
Table of Frequency Range and Max BW per Carrier
Number of PRB per Selected SCS and Bandwidth
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5G Breakthrough – Throughput Calculation (1)
Example of 5G NR Throughput Calculation
(Single Carrier)
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5G Breakthrough – Throughput Calculation (2)
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5G Breakthrough – Carrier Aggregation
4G CA vs 5G CA
Type of CA
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5G Breakthrough – LTE & NR
N7
N1
NR BAND
N28
N8
N3
N1
N7
Name
700 APT
900 GSM
1800+
2100
2600
Mode
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
TOTAL BW
BW
10
5
20
15
15
65
N3
N8
CA Relation
N20
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5G Breakthrough – DUAL CONNECTIVITY
eNb
gNb
F1
F2
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
eNb
gNb
F1+F2
F3+F4
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5G Tuning Opening – 4G vs 5G Tuning
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5G Tuning Opening–Ericsson Spectrum Sharing (ESS)
Spectrum Allocation for NR for 20MHz
1800 20Mhz
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5G Tuning Opening – (ESS Concept)
1800
10Mhz
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5G Tuning Opening – (DSS/ESS) Prioritization
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5G Tuning Opening – ESS Configuration (Hardware)
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5G Tuning Opening – ESS Configuration on the Node
Parameter Name
MO Class
Setting
Remarks
FeatureState
Featutestate keyid=CXC4012411
1 (ACTIVATED)
Activate LteNrFddSpectrumSharingEnabler
ESSenabled
NRCellCU
TRUE
ESSenabled
GUtranCellRelation
TRUE
ESSpairID
NRSectorCarrier
<pairESSID>
essScLocalId
NRSectorCarrier
<essSClocalid>
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
pairID of NR Cell
SC localid of NR Cell
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5G Tuning Opening – ESS UE Capability Check
eNodeB Tracing
Ue Capture
RRC Messages --> 5G RRC: UE-NR-Capability
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5G Tuning Opening – ESS NSA Configuration
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5G Tuning Opening - How to Setup Carrier as Anchor
MO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464565N_CO,ManagedElement=5464565N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G09_4464565E9_2,G
UtranFreqRelation=363260
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464565N_CO,ManagedElement=5464565N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464565E21_7,
GUtranFreqRelation=363260
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5G Tuning Opening – ENDC (Anchor Management)
Configuration-2
Configuration-1
900
2100
1800
900
2100
1800
LTE
Anchor Band
NR
ESS
Anchor Band
Anchor Band
NR
ESS
EN-DC 5G NSA
EN-DC 5G NSA
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5G Tuning Opening – ENDC (Anchor Management-2)
900
2100
1800
Anchor Band
Anchor Band
NR
ESS
EN-DC 5G NSA
Option1
Band
BW
1800 20MHz
•
•
Band Status
ENDC PriorityRemarks
ESS
ENDC Anchor
2100 10MHz
Band
6
ENDC Anchor
900
5MHz
Band
5
1800 as ESS NR Band
L2100 ENDC HO Priority is higher than L900
Option2
Band
BW
1800 20MHz
Band Status
ENDC PriorityRemarks
ESS
ENDC Anchor
2100 10MHz
Band
5
ENDC Anchor
900
5MHz
Band
6
•
1800 as ESS NR Band
•
L900 ENDC HO Priority is higher than L2100
Option3
Band
BW
1800 20MHz
Band Status
ENDC PriorityRemarks
ESS
ENDC Anchor
2100 10MHz
Band
5
ENDC Anchor
900
5MHz
Band
5
•
1800 as ESS NR Band
•
L900 ENDC HO Priority is equal to L2100
MO
Parameter
Default
Reportconfigb1gutra
b1ThresholdRsrp
-110
ReportConfigA5EndcHo
a5Threshold1Rsrp -140
ReportConfigA5EndcHo
a5Threshold2Rsrp -136
Gutranfreqrelation=N3
EndcB1MeasPriority
4
Eutranfreqrelation (1313/350/3774) endchofreqpriority -1/5/4
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5G NSA – Upper Layer Setting
To enable automatic update, set EUtranCellFDD.upperLayerAutoConfEnabled = true
EnodeBid
MO
primaryUpperLayerInd
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G18_4464123E_14_M
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G18_4464123E_15_M
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G18_4464123E_16_M
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G18_4464123E_4
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G18_4464123E_5
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G18_4464123E_6
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464123E21_17_M
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464123E21_18_M
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464123E21_19_M
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464123E21_7
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464123E21_8
1 (ON)
5464123N_CO
SubNetwork=ONRM_ROOT_MO,SubNetwork=LTE,MeContext=5464123N_CO,ManagedElement=5464123N_CO,ENodeBFunction=1,EUtranCellFDD=JK4G21_4464123E21_9
1 (ON)
5G Status Icon on UE, the upper layer indication tells the UE that 5G NSA service is potentially
available in the area, so that the UE can display a 5G icon. The upper layer indication can be
automatically and broadcasted in SIB2.
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5G Basic Tuning - 5G RAN OSS
ENIQ
PM File
eNodeB
ENM
Alarm
MOSHELL
CTR File
FTP
CM File
gNodeB
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5G Basic Tuning - 5G RAN MOSHELL
No
Command Name
Command Syntax
Description
1
NR Alarm
Alt
The same command as LTE as they are in the same Node
2
GPS State
get Transport=1 Synchronization, TimeSynchIO=1,GnssInfo=1
GPS State operational state
3
NR ANR
hget . ANRStateNR
check the state of NR ANR
4
NR GnodeBid
hget ^GnbDuFunction gNBid
to check gNBid (for NCGI)
5
NR PCI
hget ^NRCellDU NRPCI
to check NR PCI
6
NR TAC
hget ^NRCellDU NRTAC
to check NR TAC
7
NR Rach Root
Sequence
hget ^NRCellDU rachRootSequence
to check NR Rach Root Sequence
8
NR SSB Frequency
hget ^NRCellDU SSBFrequency$
to Check NR SSB frequency
9
NR SSB Periodicity
hget ^NRCellDU ssbPeriodicity
to Check NR SSB periodicity
10
NR SCS
hget ^NRCellDU subCarrierSpacing$
to Check ScS
11
NR DLEARFCN
Hget ^NRSectorCarrier ARFCNDL
to check NR ARFCNDL
12
NR Cell bandwith
Hget ^NrSectorCarrier BschannelBWDL|BschannelBWUL
Must Have the Same Configuration as the LTE ESS pair
13
NR Cell Tx power
Hget ^NRSectorCarrier ConfiguredMaxTxPower
Must Have the Same Configuration as the LTE ESS pair
14
NR MIMO Config
Hget ^NRSectorCarrier NofTxAntennas|NofRxAntennas
Must Have the Same Configuration as the LTE ESS pair
15
NR Cell State
hget nrcell state
to get the NR Cell State (NRCellCU Operational State)
16
NR ENDC Freqrelation
pr Gutranfreqrelation=<>
print the the defined ENDC NR Frequency relation
17
NR Frequency
Relation
pr NRFreqrelation=<>
Print NR Intra and Inter Frequency Relation Definition
18
NR Cell Relation
Pr NRCellrelation
Print NR to NR Cell Relation
19
ENDC Cell Relation
Pr Eutrancellrelation
Print LTE to NR Cell relation (ENDC)
20
NR Frequency
Pr Nrfrequency=<>
Print for Defined NR frequency
21
NR live UE
/rc/nrat/ue list --state -bearers --cell --time
To Check Live NR User and the setup bearer (QCI)
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5G Basic Tuning - NMS KPI
KPI Category
Explanation
Availability
The ability of an item to be in a state to perform a chosen function at a given instant of
time within a given time interval, assuming that the external resources, if necessary, are
provided.
Accessibility
The ability of a service to be obtained, within specified tolerances and other given
conditions, when requested by the end user.
Retainability
The probability that a service, once obtained, remains provided under given conditions for
a given time duration.
Integrity
The degree to which a service is provided without excessive impairments, once obtained.
Service Integrity represents the quality experienced by the end user during the call or
session.
Mobility
The ability of the system to allow movement within the ENDC Mode or NR Mode
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5G Basic Tuning - NMS Main KPI Formulas
No
KPI_Label
KPI
Category
1
Ava_NR_Cell_Availability
Availability
%
100-((pmCellDowntimeAuto.NRCellCU+pmCellDowntimeMan.NRCellCU)/3600)
2
Acc_ENDC_Setup_SR
Accessibility
%
100*pmEndcSetupUeSucc.NRCellCU/pmEndcSetupUeAtt.NRCellCU
3
Ret_SgNB_Drop_Rate
Retanaibility
%
100*(NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb + NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb
)/(NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeNormal + NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb +
NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb )
4
Mob_Intra_gNB_PSCell_Change_SR
Mobility
%
100*(pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccIntraSgnb.NRCellCU/pmEndcPSCellChangeAttIntraSgnb
.NRCellCU)
5
Mob_Inter_gNB_PSCell_Change_SR
Mobility
%
100*(pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccInterSgnb.NRCellCU/pmEndcPSCellChangeAttInterSgnb
.NRCellCU)
6
Int_UE_DL_MAC_Throughput
Integrity
Mbps
64*pmMacVolDlDrb.NRCellDU/pmMacTimeDlDrb.NRCellDU/1000
7
Int_UL_UE_MAC_Throughput
Integrity
Mbps
64*pmMacVolUlResUe.NRCellDU/pmMacTimeUlResUe.NRCellDU/1000
8
NR_PAYLOAD
Traffic
GB
pmMacVolDl.NRCellDU+pmMacVolUl.NRCellDU)/1000000000
9
5G_ENDC_USERS_Avg
Traffic
#
pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc.NRCellCU /720
Unit
Formula
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5G Basic Tuning – NMS Monitoring (1)
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5G Basic Tuning – NMS Monitoring (2)
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5G Basic Tuning - Drivetest KPI
No
Category
KPI Name
Test Method
Remarks
1
Accessibility
Session Setup Success Rate
Mobility
SS-RSRP > -110 dBm
2
Retainability
Session Abnormal Release Rate
Mobility
SS-RSRP > -110 dBm
3
Integrity
DL Single User Throughput
Static test (Max)
Spot test with good SS-RSRP or >-90 dBm
4
Integrity
Ping Time
Static tes
FTP test should be within Operator Premise
5
Mobility
HOSR Intra Frequency
Drive Test
SS-RSRP > -110 dBm
6
Coverage &
Quality
SS-RSRP
Drive Test
SS-SINR
Drive Test
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5G Basic Tuning - Drivetest Methodology
DT Type
Item Test
Mobility Short Download Session
KPI
DT Methodology
Accessibility, Retainability &
Mobility
FTP Download 100MB
Mode
UE
5G Preferred
1
Round
DT Outcome
UE Type Remarks
Event Summary or RRC Message
Mi 10T
captured and nrPCI Plot
R1-D1
Mobility Long Download Session
Coverage, Quality & & DL
Throughput Cross Feeder Check
FTP Download 200 MB
5G Preferred
2
Mobility Long Upload Session
UL Throughput
FTP Upload 200 MB
5G Preferred
1
R2-D1 UL Throughput
Static
Long Download Session
DL Throughput
FTP Download 2 GB
5G Preferred
1
D2
Capture of MAC DL Throughput
Mi 10T
Chart (NR + LTE CA)
Static
Volte Test Call
Volte Accessibility
10x per sector, Duration
60s, idle 10s, A Call B
Number
5G Preferred
1&2
D2
Summary of Volte Call
2xMi
10T
Static
Ping Test
E2E Latency
Ping 10x (size 1000Byte)
5G Preferred
1
D2
Summary of Ping Test
Mi 10T
-
Ookla Speed Test and
OpenSignal 5x
5G Preferred
1
D2
Captures of Tests
Mi 10T
Speed Test, OpenSignal,
Pre & CET
G-NetTrack, 5G Attached
Tests
Test
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
Plot SS-RSRP, SS-SINR, DL
Throughput
Mi 10T
Mi 10T
Indoor
only
Indoor
only
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5G Basic Tuning – Drivetest Case (LTE & SS-RSRP Plot)
LTE & NR (SS) RSRP Plot Margonda Depok 1st DT
EN-DC 5G NSA
900
2100
1800
LTE
Anchor Band
NR
ESS
LTE RSRP (Anchor)
SS RSRP
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5G Basic Tuning - Drivetest Case (Static DL Throughput Test)
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5G Basic Tuning – CET Test
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5G Basic Tuning - Example of CET Test (1)
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5G Basic Tuning - Example of CET Test (2)
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5G Basic Tuning – Case 1 (Accessibility Analysis)
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5G Basic Tuning – Case 2 (Accessibility Analysis)
Problem
Possible Root Cause
Solution
B1 measurement is not
delivered after the UE
accesses the LTE
network.
• LTE & NR Neighboring are missing or not set
correctly
• UE not support NR 3GPP release 15
• 5G ESS Cell must be enabled
• Create the missing LTE & NR and the
incorrect configuration
• Check the UE Capability during LTE RRC
Setup
• Check no hygiene issue on 5G ESS Cell
UE doesn’t report the B1
measurement report
• 5G Cell is intermittently transmitting the SSB
• SSB is cant not be decoded
• Check for Hygiene issue on 5G ESS Cell
• Check of SSB interference or UE
experience bad DL quality
SgNB ADD Request is
rejected by 5G NR Cell
• LTE & NR Neighboring are missing or not set
correctly
• X2 link (interface between eNodeB and gNodeB)
intermittently established or permanently
disabled
• Create the missing LTE & NR and the
incorrect configuration
• Check if there is hygiene issue on
eNodeB or gNodeB and IP Transport
connectivity issue
SgNB ADD Request is
rejected by 5G NR Cell
• Cause values as “Transport resource not
available”. 🡪 Issue at 5G NR side as transport
resource not available,
• Cause values as “No radio resource available” 🡪
The number of users in the cell is
insufficient.
• Check Transport Availability of X2-U
Link
• Check NR Resource Utilization
5G
UE does not initiate
RACH over the air
interface
• The 5G cell search fails because accessed cell
is not the strongest cell or the high
inter-cell interference
• B1 Threshold is set too high
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
• Check for No Dominance NR Cell (ping
pong cell reselection)
• Check for the Conflict PCI possibility
• Fine Tuning the B1ThresholdRSRP
58
5G Basic Tuning - Case 3 (Accessibility RACH Procedure)
NR CBRA procedure is done in 4 steps, while CFRA procedure is done in 2 step
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5G Basic Tuning – Case 4 (Retainability Sgnb Drop)
Configurable MOs
5G NR TRAINING MATERIAL 2022
to Fine Tuning :
60
5G Basic Tuning – Case 5 (NR NSA Mobility)
LTE Anchor Band
Triggered the Mobility
NR Event (A3) Triggered
the Mobility
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5G Basic Tuning – Create NR to NR Relation
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5G Basic Tuning - Case 6 (NR NSA Mobility)
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5G Basic Tuning - Case 7 (Mobility Analysis)
Cause Code Sample
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5G Basic Tuning - Case 8 (DT Static DL Throughput)
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About
The Dev
A software developer with 2G/3G/4G optimization
skill background of 14 years in cellular
telecommunications.
Interested on IoT and blockchain and living in
Jakarta, teach python regular class to the
millennial and gen-Z for beloved 󰏙.
The Trainer
Work and active as a Telecommunications
Professional with extensive experience in
Ericsson's range of solutions and strategic.
Love to share knowledge and had successfully
provided some training before.
This document is prohibited to distribute or share in any ways without prior permission to the Trainer or Dev. This document is
exclusively used for the training participant in 5G NR Training 2022 that held in FAVEHotel at 26-27, March 2022.
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