Chemical Names and
Formulas
Overview
•Metals and Non-Metals
•Ions and Ionic Charges
•Types of Compounds
•Systematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas
Naming Compounds Tutorial
 General Information
 Binary Ionic Compounds
 Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions
 Naming w/metals that have more than 1
charge (Transition Metals)
 Molecular Compounds
 Naming Acids
Metals and Nonmetals
 Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table
 C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non-
metals
 B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semimetals
 All others are metals
Ions
 Cations
Positively
Charged
Atoms
+
 i.e.
Na
 Anions
Negatively
Charged
Atoms
 i.e.
Cl
IONIC CHARGES
 Group I ->
1+
 Group II ->
2+
 Group III ->
3+
 Group IV ->
4+
IONIC CHARGES
 Group V ->
3-
 Group VI ->
2-
 Group VII ->
1-
 Group VIII ->
Noble Gases
TYPES OF COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Compounds
• composed of positive and
negative ions.
• usually formed from a metal and
non-metal.
• these elements are not attached
to one another.
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Compounds con’t
• Examples
NaCl
CaBr2
KI
CHEMICAL FORMULAS
 Definition
• shows the kind and numbers of
atoms in the smallest
representative unit of the
substance.
 i. e.
NaCl
IONIC COMPOUNDS
 A formula unit is the lowest
whole number ratio of ions in an
ionic compound.
 i.e.
Na2Cl2 -> NaCl
IONIC COMPOUNDS
 If charges cancel, just write the symbols
Na+1 Cl-1
NaCl
 If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:
Ca+2 Cl-1
CaCl2 calcium chloride
***Do not move the charge, only the
number
***Do not write the 1
NAMING
COMPOUNDS
 Your ability to name compounds
and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Binary means 2 elements
 Ionic means a metal and a non-
metal (or cation and anion)
 Writing Formulas
• charges must balance so
compound charge is neutral.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Writing Formulas from Names
• 1st word = CATION
• 2nd word = ANION name
with ide ending.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 NaBr
Sodium
 MgF2
Bromide
Magnesium
Fluoride
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Potassium
Chloride
 Aluminum
Oxide
• notice ending
of name is ide!
+
K Cl -> KCl
Al23+O32- ->
Al2O3
Polyatomic Ions
 Definition
•tightly bound groups of
atoms that behave as a unit
and carry a charge.
 Example
2SO3 , NO2 , ClO2
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
Ternary means 3 different
elements
Usually contain Poly-atomic
Ions
Ionic means cation and anion
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS:Writing
Formulas
 Ca2+CO32-
CaCO3
Charges canceled.
Just write the symbols
Calcium
Carbonate
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Naming
Calcium
Nitrate
Notice the charges didn’t
cancel so they criss crossed
+2
Ca
-1
(NO3)
Ca(NO3)2
Naming with Transition
Metals
 First word = CATION
 Second word = ANION
– The Roman numeral will tell you the
charge of the transition metal
– Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s
charge is +1
Naming Transition
Metals
Copper (II)
Oxide
+2
-2
Cu O
CuO
Writing Formulas with
Transition Metals
Iron (III)
FeCl3
Chloride
+3
-1
Fe Cl
FeCl2
+2
Fe
-1
Cl
Iron (II)
Chloride
*Backwards criss-cross to know the charge/Roman numeral
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds
• composed of molecules in
which elements share
electrons.
• usually composed of 2
nonmetals.
• these elements are attached
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
 Definition
• shows the numbers and
kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.
 i. e.
CO
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds con’t
•Examples
CS2
SiO2
BF3
BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDS
Binary means 2 elements
Molecular means 2 non-
metals
NO ionic charges are
present
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
 Prefixes are used to show how
many atoms are present in each
molecule.
Covalent Prefixes
 Mono (or no prefix) –
 Hexa – 6
1
 Di – 2
 Tri – 3
 Tetra – 4
 Penta – 5
 Hepta – 7
 Octa – 8
 Nona – 9
 Deca – 10
Writing Binary
Molecular Compounds
Carbon
CO2
Dioxide
•no mono
• Di means 2
prefix is used
oxygens!!
on first element
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
2 ways it’s done!
• (prefix + element name)
i.e. N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
• (prefix + element root + ide)
i.e. PCl3
Phosphorous
Trichloride
 All binary compounds end in
ide!!!
Write the name of the given
compound
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
KCl
Na2S
CaO
AgI
N2O
CuCl2
Write the formula of the given
compound
 1. barium chloride
 2. Sodium bromide
 3. Lithium carbonate
 4. dichlorine heptoxide
 5. calcium hydroxide
 6.Lead (II) acetate
 7. Copper (I) chlorate