Categories of Cells
Bawiin, Mary Laine M.
STEM 12 - ZARA
Prokaryotic Cells and Eukaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic Cells
The location of Prokaryotic Cells DNA is concentrated in a region that is not membraneenclosed, called NUCLEIOD.
Appears much simpler in internal structure but highly efficient.
Prokaryotic means BEFORE NUCLEUS.
Are SMALLER than Eukaryotic.
Found in BACTERIA AD ARCHAEA.
Prokaryotic cells lack nuclei and other membrane-enclosed organelles
PARTS
Fimbriae: attachment
structures of the
surface of some
prokaryotes
Nucleoid: region
where the cell’s DNA
is located
Ribosomes: complexes
that synthesize
proteins
Cell wall: rigid
structure outside the
plasma membrane
Glycocalyx: outer
Flagella: locomotion
coating of many
organelles of some
prokaryotes, consisting prokaryotes
of a capsule or a slime
layer
Plasma membrane:
membrane enclosing
the cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cells
The location of Eukaryotic Cells DNA is in organelle, called NUCLEUS.
Eukaryotic means TRUE NUCLEUS.
Generally much LARGER than Prokaryotic.
Found in PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, AND PROTISTS.
eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize cellular functions.
PARTS
Endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER): It is a
small network of
tubular structures. Has
Rough ER and Smooth
ER.
Cytoskeleton:
reinforces cell’s shape.
Includes
Microfilaments,
Intermediate filaments,
and Microtubules.
Microvilli: membrane
projections that
increase the cell’s
surface area
Peroxisome: produces
hydrogen peroxide as a
by-product and then
converts it to water
Mitochondrion:
Lysosome: digests food
organelle where
and waste materials
cellular respiration
occurs and most ATP is
generated
Golgi apparatus:
organelle active in
synthesis,
modification, sorting,
and secretion of cell
products
Ribosomes: complexes
that make proteins;
free in cytosol or
bound to rough ER or
nuclear envelope
Plasma membrane:
membrane enclosing
the cell
Nuclear envelope:
double membrane
enclosing the nucleus
Nucleolus: Non
membranous structure
involved in production
of ribosomes
Centrosome: region
where the cell’s
microtubules are
initiated; contains a
pair of centrioles
Chromatin: material
consisting of DNA and
proteins
What did I learn about how cells function as a system?
I learned about the categories of cells. The differences between Prokaryotic Cells and
Eukaryotic Cells. The parts of each cell are teamworking to support life.