MISPAHPIPE LINE INSPECTION SERVICES L.L.C
P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
DOCUMENT NAME:
Positive Material Identification Procedure
DOCUMENT NUMBER:
MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PREPARED BY
B.GNANASEKARAN
ASNT NDT LEVEL III
Cert No:239319
OPERATIONS MANAGER
REVIEWED & APPROVED BY
K.O. MOHAN RAJ
ASNT NDT LEVEL III, ISO 9712 L-2, L-3, PED
Cert No:078797
TECHNICAL DIRECTOR
MANAGING DIRECTOR
Date: 27-09-2023
Date: 27-09-2023
Date: 27-09-2023
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
ACCEPTED BY
PRINCE THOMAS
PAGE 1 OF 21
MISPAHPIPE LINE INSPECTION SERVICES L.L.C
P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
REVISION CONTROL
Rev
Date of
review
00
27-09-2023
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
Applicable Code Edition
Revisions made
Remarks
API RP 578-18, ASME BPVC 2021 Edition,
Project specifications
Initial Issue
MR
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 2 OF 21
MISPAHPIPE LINE INSPECTION SERVICES L.L.C
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E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
Contents
1.0
SCOPE ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.0
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................. 4
3.0
DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 5
4.0
PERSONNEL .............................................................................................................................................. 6
5.0
EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................................. 6
6.0
TESTING PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................................... 8
7.0
ACCEPTANCE & REJECTION CRITERIA (EVALUATION OF PMI TEST RESULTS) ........................................ 11
8.0
MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................................................... 12
9.0
INSPECTION REPORT .............................................................................................................................. 13
APPENDIX-A COMPONENTS SUBJECT TO PMI ................................................................................................... 15
APPENDIX-B PMI FOR INSTRUMENTATION COMPONENTS ............................................................................... 17
APPENDIX-C ALLOYING ELEMENTS REQUIRED FOR PMI ................................................................................... 17
APPENDIX-D MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION CODES............................................................................................... 19
APPENDIX-E LOCATION OF PMI IDENTIFICATION MARKS FOR PIPING (EXAMPLES) ......................................... 20
ATTACHMENT-1 Sample Report format ............................................................................................................ 20
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 3 OF 21
MISPAHPIPE LINE INSPECTION SERVICES L.L.C
P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
1.0 SCOPE
Add - This procedure is applicable for Plate, Pipe, Fittings, Flanges, Forgings, Alloy Fasteners, Welds &
Welding Consumables.
a. This PMI procedure specifies requirements and gives recommendations for material control and
Welding Consumables - One Electrode or Wire Sample per Heat per Lot.
PMIofmay
performedmaterials
on Weld Buttons.
verification
allbemetallic
that needs to be applied during all phases of a project or
repair/replacement work, to guard against the installation of rogue materials.
b. This PMI Procedure is applicable to all new components of pressure retaining equipment, piping and nonpressure retaining components that are integral to the pressure equipment of the project.
c. The PMI program shall cover the minimum required sample (percentage), the elemental analysis
requirements and other material verification steps contained in this document, based on the alloys of
construction and the component type.
d. This procedure defines the scope and method of carrying out positive materials identification (PMI) by
using XRF and OES (SPECTROTEST/LIBS) method. This form of testing is an effective way of determining
the material types in terms of chemical composition of metallic materials such as materials, Plate, Pipe,
components, flanges, valves, pipe fitting, welds & welding consumables.
e. This procedure specifies the requirements for a material and quality assurance system to verify that the
nominal composition of specified metallic alloy materials (pressure-containing components, piping,
fittings, flanges, valves, bolts, etc.) are correctly supplied as to their alloy type and installed as specified.
f. This procedure is a standard procedure that describes the methods for carrying out PMI by using XRF
method on materials and components, during manufacture and in service.
g. This extent of verification components, PMI responsibilities personnel, testing procedures, acceptance/
rejection criteria, marking and inspection report requirements for PMI shall be as specified in the Client’s
Specification for Positive Material Identification.
h. Alloy elements require for PMI shall be described in Appendix-C
i. All material /including welders, part types which receive PMI shall be clearly detailed on the PMI report
Carbon% shall be verified for ''L'' Grade SS Items by OES.
Extent of Examination shall be 10% per Heat.
2.0 REFERENCES
➢ ASME Sec II Part A, B, C Ed.2023
➢ ASME Sec VIII Div.1 & 2 Ed.2023
➢ ASME B31.3 Ed-2022
➢ API RP578–2018 Material Verification Program for New and Existing Alloy Piping Systems
➢ ASTM E1476 - 04(2014) Standard Guide for Metals Identification, Grade Verification, and Sorting
➢ ASTM A751-20 Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel
Products
➢ ASTM E572-21 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Stainless and Alloy Steels by X-ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry
➢ Niton XL2 100g XRF analyzer Operating Manual.
➢ OES equipment’s (SPECTROTEST MOBILE METAL ANALYSER) Operating Manual
Add -
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01
ISSUEfor
1 REV
00 Material IdentificationPAGE 4 OF 21
0000-BGC-G000-GE00-G00000-MP-7880-00009
- Specification
Positive
MISPAHPIPE LINE INSPECTION SERVICES L.L.C
P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
➢ LIBS OPERATING MANUAL
3.0 DEFINITIONS
•
PMI (Positive Material Identification): Physical testing of materials to determine the chemical composition
and positively verify material composition by determining the alloy content of a component or a weld
without the need to remove samples for analysis.
•
XRF (X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy): A method of PMI using a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer to
verify the chemical elements that establish the positive identification for a particular material. When
activated on a test item, an XRF analyzer produces short wavelength electromagnetic rays. These emitted
rays interact with (excite) certain elements. As a result, the excited elements then re-emit a new
wavelength within a discrete energy band that is identifiable by the analyzer. When used along with
material standards, the portable analyser can determine approximate chemical quantities for the target
elements.
•
Alloy Steel: Any steel (including filler metals for welding alloy materials) that contains specified quantities
of elements, such as Chromium, Nickel or Molybdenum, that are added to enhance mechanical or physical
properties, and/or corrosion resistance. Alloy steels and stainless steels comprise ASME P-Nos. 3 through
11, or equivalent.
Heat (of Material): batch of metal made at the same time, that can be traced from its original constituents
and manufacturing process
Inspection Lot: A group of items or materials of the same type from a common source from which a sample
is to be drawn for examination. An inspection lot does not include items from more than one heat.
Inspection Test Plan (ITP): A step by step plan outlining special inspection steps that should occur during
the fabrication/assembly process
Level of Examination: The specified percentage of the number of components (or weldments when
specified) to be examined in an inspection lot.
Lot Size: The number of items available in the inspection lot at the time a representative sample is selected
Material Control and Verification Program: A documented quality assurance program used to control and
verify that the materials installed on a project meet the requirements.
PMI: Positive Material Identification – determination that the nominal chemical composition of a
mechanical component is as specified and ordered.
PMI Testing: Any physical evaluation or test of a material, meeting the requirements of this standard, to
confirm that the material which has been or will be placed into service is consistent with the selected or
specified alloy material.
Equipment Manufacturer: The company responsible for the plant or shop manufacturing of pressured
equipment that is within the scope of this standard.
Fabricator: The company, organization, or agency responsible for the shop or field fabrication or assembly
of piping and pressured equipment within the scope of this standard.
Material Specifications: ASME Section II, Parts A, B and C, or the relevant ASTM, or any other material
specification required.
Nonferrous Alloys: Metals that are not iron-based, including Nickel alloys and other corrosion resistant
alloys. ASME P-No. 21 and higher, or equivalent.
Non-pressure Components: Items that are not part of the pressure containing envelope, and, therefore,
do not affect the pressure retaining capacity of pressured components.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 5 OF 21
MISPAHPIPE LINE INSPECTION SERVICES L.L.C
P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pressure-Containing Components and Parts: Items that form the pressure-containing envelope of the
equipment system. Product forms used for the fabrication of pressured piping and equipment, including
but not limited to: shells, heads, tube sheets, nozzles, tubes, stud bolts/nuts, gaskets, forging, flanges, pipe
and fittings such as tees, elbows, reducers, and special pipe components, valves (body and bonnets), and
alloy welds joining pressure parts to non-pressure parts.
Project Inspector: The person or company authorized by the Project Inspect
Random: Selection process by which choices are made in an arbitrary and unbiased manner
Representative sample: One or more items selected at random from the inspection lot that are to be
examined to determine acceptability of the inspection lot.
Standard Reference Materials (Certified Reference Material): Sample materials for which laboratory
chemical analysis data are available and are used in demonstrating the accuracy and reliability of a test
instrument. The Certified Reference Material shall be same as material to be PMI tested
Traceability: The ability to match an installed component to its source.
4.0 PERSONNEL
4.1 Personnel performing PMI test in accordance to this procedure shall be trained, knowledgeable in all
aspects of this test method and safe handling of the equipment. The Trained PMI Personnel shall calibrate
and/or verify the test equipment performance in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
4.2 The Trained PMI Personnel shall calibrate and/or verify the test equipment performance in accordance
with manufacturer’s recommendations. The equipment shall be calibrated annually by verification using
certified standards samples or by the equipment manufacturer.
4.3 Personnel using this procedure shall be familiar with this procedure and trained to operate the Niton XL2
100g XRF analyzer.
4.4 Safety: The XRF equipment has a X-radiation generator the equipment operate to handle it as per
manufacturer’s recommendation.
•
•
•
•
Equipment shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s equipment operating procedures
and recommendations.
All equipment shall be inspected for obvious defects prior to use.
Client Health and Safety procedures will be adhered to at all times by personnel conducting PMI.
Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) shall be worn by the operator in accordance with client
recommendations.
5.0 EQUIPMENT
PMI test equipment and its calibration shall meet the following criteria:
➢ XRF alloy analyzer: Niton XL2 is the XRF analyzer is used for PMI. This equipment has 100g XRF analyzer and
an in-built self-calibrating function which can be activated through the ‘Utilities’ window on the menu.
Calibration must be carried out by the operator on the timescales as set out in Section 8.0, and in accordance
with the latest revision of PMI Just In Case Calibration Procedure CAL-PMI-01.
➢ SPECTROTEST MOBILE METAL ANALYSER: The arc/spark TXC 35 mobile metal analyzer is a Portable OES
high resolution optical system. The SPECTROTEST is a mobile arc spark spectrometer ideal for many field and
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 6 OF 21
Addthe following suitably in the Procedure -
MISPAH
Calibration shall be carried out on a standard PIPE
calibration
alloy sample,
representativeSERVICES
of the base material
/ weld being
LINE
INSPECTION
L.L.C
tested.
P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
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Equipment accuracy shall be verified with known sample representative of the base metal before start of the examination.
Calibration on standard reference block shall be done prior to each use. Calibration verification shall be repeated at the end
of Examination. If the equipment is found out of calibration, then all test performed since the last valid verification shall be
repeated.
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
site applications. The new readout system and iCAL 2.0 diagnostics software in the SPECTROTEST allows a
single-sample standardization (in less than 5 minutes) at the start of the day’s testing and the iCAL
diagnostics now helps to maintain the same standardization, regardless of most temperature shifts. This arc
spark spectrometer is even able to identify low alloy steel with the carbon content during the rapid arc
excitation mode. In spark mode, the SPECTROTEST’s analysis of carbon phosphorous and sulfur are potential
applications in addition to the identification of duplex steels using the nitrogen content.
•
In addition to the above, a certified reference material Grade 1¼ Cr ½Mo / UNS K11572 supplied by
Analytical Reference Materials International Certificate No 35HN-01112007-IARM-P can be used as a
comparison between readings obtained and actual certified readings to confirm the accuracy of the
machine.
• Be suitable for the range of material compositions to be verified with current calibration status
• Be suitable for the range of surface curvatures and orientations to be encountered such as welds and
small bore fittings.
• Be sufficiently portable to gain access to each checkpoint under evaluation.
• Be capable of providing ‘direct read-out’ quantities results (% composition) of the required chemical
elements.
• Equipment calibration: The inspector who perform PMI testing shall calibrate and/or verify the test
equipment performance as specified by the equipment manufacturer.
➢ SCIAPS HH-Z902 LIBS ANALYZERS: Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has been around for many
years and is a technique used primarily in laboratory equipment. With recent advances in technology the
technique has now been developed into a portable handheld analyzer capable of measuring carbon in the
field for material identification and grading of materials. Like OES, argon is still needed to analyze carbon in
a LIBS handheld analyzer. Instead of an external argon tank, regulator, and hose connection to the OES unit,
the LIBS analyzer uses a consumable argon cartridge integrated into the instrument; and with the analyzer’s
battery the instrument weighs less than 6.5lbs.
Sample analysis is broken down into five steps:
•
•
•
•
•
A high energy pulsed laser is focused on the sample. The high temperature of the laser on the
sample results in ablation of a small volume of material (roughly 25 um: less than the thickness of a
dollar bill) in plasma plume. The plasma contains the sample’s excited atoms and ions.
As the plasma starts to cool, the electrons of the excited atoms and ions fall back down to their
ground states. As they return to their ground states, light of specific wavelengths is emitted from
the plasma and collected by the spectrometer.
The spectrometer separates all light emissions with high resolution optics to be detected by the
charge-coupled device (CCD).
The elements detected in the sample can be viewed in a graph or spectrum. The graph charts the
intensity of the emitted light as a function of the wavelength.
An on-board processor compares the height of specific peaks to a calibration. The calibrations are
built by testing a series of Certified Reference Materials (standards of known chemical composition).
This provides quantitative chemical results. Calibrations are added at the factory, or operators can
create their own calibration routines.
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 7 OF 21
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P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
6.0 TESTING PROCEDURE
6.1
6.2
The instruments and methods used shall be suitable for identifying the material by quantitative
measurement of the major alloying elements required in the applicable material specification or welding
procedure specification or consumable specification
Unless otherwise specified by the client, the Positive Material verification shall be performed using the
XRF method utilizing the Niton XL2 100g XRF analyzer. The PMI Analysis of material shall be carried out
by PMI technicians only. It should be noted that this type of equipment cannot analyse the ‘Light’
elements such as carbon, sulphur etc. If such elements are required for analysis, then alternative
equipment shall be used. The main elements which can be detected using the Niton XL2 100g XRF
analyzer are: Mo. Ni. Fe, Mn, Cr, Nb, Cu, V, Co, Ti and W.
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
The equipment shall be always validated at the job site if the readings observed are abnormal due to
severe temperature fluctuations or any other adverse site conditions. Analyzed samples with reference
to the job shall be made available for cross-reference and verification in case needed.
Surface Preparation: The metallic surface to be tested shall be free from all extraneous materials such as
scale, rust, dirt, grease, etc. which may interfere with the testing. All surfaces to be examined shall be
prepared by light grinding to ensure good surface contact. Ferritic base materials and areas of weld to be
tested can be prepared with a mini-disk grinder. However excessive removal could reduce the effective
material thickness beyond permissible limits.
Examination for determining the elements shall not be carried out with sorting methods such as chemical
spot testing or methods that use eddy current, triboelectric testing, electromagnetic, or thermoelectric
tests
PMI MAIN ELEMENTS:
The elements covered by the PMI program for pressurized equipment shall include the following:
a. Levels of examination, including alloy elements required for PMI;
b. PMI equipment and methods;
c. Materials, components and fabricated assemblies (e.g., pipe spools) subject to PMI;
d. Marking and identification of components on which PMI has been performed (i.e., the stamping and
colour coding systems);
e. PMI of welding consumables and gaskets;
f. Material traceability during fabrication and machining, the timing and location of PMI in accordance
with the Inspection and Test Plan (ITP), including transfer of identification markings (e.g., heat
numbers) and colour coding;
g. PMI Inspection reports as defined in the attachment.
6.7
PMI VERIFICATION:
6.6.1. ALLOY COMPONENTS AND ALLOY WELDS SUBJECT TO PMI
1) The extent of PMI examination SHALL be according to the tables in (APPENDIX A) and (APPENDIX B)
according to the following classifications:
a. Standard: Common materials for general corrosion resistance where a smaller sample size is
representative of the Inspection Lot.
b. Full: Higher alloy or specifically selected materials for degradation resistance or strength requirements
where 100% of the components are verified to meet the requirements of the intended service.
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 8 OF 21
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P.O.BOX 92948, ABUDHABI, U.A.E. Tel: + 971 2 5544829, Fax: + 971 2 5544869,
E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
c. Standard: For all grades of Type 304 stainless steel (i.e., 304L, 304, and 304H).
d. Full: For alloy materials other than Type 304 stainless steel, including all grades
e. of Type 316 stainless steel, for both base material and welds.
2) For the PMI testing, a quantitative alloy assay mode shall determine the percent by weight of elements
in accordance with (APPENDIX C).
3) For reciprocating compressors, Positive material identification (PMI) shall be adopted for Alloy, SS and
CRA materials for all components (all process equipment, auxiliaries including internals).
6.6.2. WELDING CONSUMABLE PMI CONTROL
1) When welding is conducted, one electrode or wire sample from each lot or heat of alloy weld rod shall
be positively identified.
a. The remainder of the lot should be compared to the sample to verify that the markings of the
wires/electrodes are correct.
b. Weld rods that have the alloying elements contained in the flux and do not meet the alloy specification
until welded shall require PMI of the deposited weld metal (e.g., deposited weld metal or undiluted
weld buttons).
2) For weld overlay used to provide corrosion protection, analysis of the overlay SHALL [PS] be performed
as follows to verify the specified alloy chemical composition and that the degree of alloy dilution is
acceptable:
a. Qualify the weld procedures for overlay per Specification.
b. During production weld overlay, carry out the following as a minimum:
i. perform PMI on the surface once per shift per welder or operator;
ii. perform PMI including a copper sulphate test on any areas of overlay that have been ground (e.g., for
bundle clearance);
iii. verify the weld overlay thickness.
6.6.3. CARBON STEEL COMPONENTS SUBJECT TO MATERIAL VERIFICATION
1) Materials in the following process services SHALL [PS] be verified by matching heat numbers of
components to the mill test reports:
a. Where Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) resistant material or maximum hardness levels are specified.
b. Where materials for Wet Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) services are specified;
c. Where materials with minimum silicon (Si) content critical to corrosion resistance are specified;
2) Specialty carbon steel (such as impact tested, HIC resistant and for HF service) shall be stored and
fabricated in an area separated from regular grade carbon steel in order to avoid mixing of materials
and welding electrodes.
6.6.4. MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS NOT SUBJECT TO PMI (PMI EXCLUSION)
The following materials are not required to be subject to PMI:
a. All grades of carbon steel.
b. Internal valve components that are standard from the Manufacturer/Supplier.
c. All standard cast 304 and 316 machinery components.
d. Internal parts of machinery and pumps made of type 304, 316 stainless steel or brass.
e. Instrumentation as detailed in (APPENDIX B).
f. All cast brass valves.
g. Machinery lube oil systems, hydraulic systems. Mechanical Seal Flushing system and other auxiliary
machinery system that do not deal with process/sour service etc.
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DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 9 OF 21
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POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
h. Standard type 304 and 316 stainless steel spiral wound gaskets.
i. All standard cast 304 and 316 valves.
6.6.5. TIMING AND LOCATION OF PMI/VERIFICATION CHECKS
1) PMI, material verification and marking shall be performed during one of the following stages of the
project:
a. During receiving inspection when components or materials arrive at site.
b. At a Manufacturer/Supplier’s facility prior to delivery to the site.
c. At the welding shop prior to dispensing consumables for use.
d. During assembly, machining, or fabrication per the ITP, e.g., at the fabrication shop.
e. On existing piping at tie-ins of new piping to existing prior to welding in the field.
f. On completed piping systems (including welds), after field installation of pipe spools at the
appropriate stage of turnover of systems (e.g., final punch listing).
2) The PMI or material verification shall be performed prior to the application of paint.
6.8
PMI with XRF Analyzer:
a. Before beginning a test, ensure that the battery has sufficient charge.
b. The equipment shall be connected to the power source after ensuring the battery charge. The analyzer
and the battery packs shall be stored in a cool place, away from direct sunlight. To ensure the reliability,
durability, and performance of the NITON XLt Analyzer, always keep the transparent Kapton window
covering the analysis clean with a cotton swab.
c. The equipment shall then be standardized with sample and procedures as given by the manufacturer.
After successful standardization the equipment shall be calibrated by checking the values of the
standard samples with reference to the job.
d. Programmed options as per client requirements, such as identification, verification or sorting may be
selected. Energies the tube, focus the window over the test surface. Collect the data and store the
readings in the system. The readings obtained shall be compared and the results noted in the
appropriate report format. Upon completion of testing, the areas shall be cleaned/light grinding to
remove any residue.
e. The compositions that need to be verified in the test report shall be in accordance with the material
specification.
f. The analyzer shall never be pointed towards yourself or anyone else while the shutter is open to avoid
unnecessary radiation
6.9
PMI with OES alloy Analyzer (Spectrotest Metal Analyzer):
a. The equipment shall be connected to the power source after ensuring the correct voltage. The
electrode shall be checked for its cleanliness and sharp tip; otherwise the electrode shall be properly
cleaned or replaced. The basic electrode is copper, which is used for all analysis, however for
identification of copper in metallic material, a silver electrode shall be used in place of the copper
electrode. The equipment shall then be standardized with sample and procedures as given by the
manufacturer. After successful standardization the equipment shall be calibrated by checking the
values of the standard samples with reference to the job.
b. Programmed options as per client requirements, such as identification, verification or sorting may be
selected. Spark the electrode and store the readings and print the permanent record of the readings.
The readings obtained shall be compared and the results noted in the appropriate report format. Direct
ORIGINATOR: MPIS
DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
PAGE 10 OF 21
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E-Mail Address: mpis@mispahinspection.com, Web: www.mispahinspection.com
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
viewing of the arc should be avoided to protect eyes from ultraviolet rays. Upon completion of testing,
the burn areas shall be cleaned/light grinding to remove the burn residue.
c. The compositions that need to be verified in the test report shall be in accordance with the material
specification.
6.10 PMI OES with LIBS Analyzer: Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has been around for many
years and is a technique used primarily in laboratory equipment. With recent advances in technology the
technique has now been developed into a portable handheld analyzer capable of measuring carbon in the field
for material identification and grading of materials. Like OES, argon is still needed to analyze carbon in a LIBS
handheld analyzer. Instead of an external argon tank, regulator, and hose connection to the OES unit, the LIBS
analyzer uses a consumable argon cartridge integrated into the instrument; and with the analyzer’s battery
the instrument weighs less than 6.5lbs.
➢ In addition to the above, a certified reference material Grade 1¼ Cr ½Mo / UNS K11572 supplied
by Analytical Reference Materials International Certificate No 35HN-01112007-IARM-P can be used
as a comparison between readings obtained and actual certified readings to confirm the accuracy
of the machine.
➢ Be suitable for the range of material compositions to be verified with current calibration status
➢ Be suitable for the range of surface curvatures and orientations to be encountered such as welds
and small bore fittings.
➢ Be sufficiently portable to gain access to each checkpoint under evaluation.
➢ Be capable of providing ‘direct read-out’ quantities results (% composition) of the required
chemical elements.
Unless otherwise specified by the client, PMI Analysis checks shall be carried out by PMI technicians only.
Inspection shall be performed using the XRF method utilizing the Niton xl2 100g xrf analyzer.
It should be noted that this type of equipment cannot analyse the ‘Light’ elements such as carbon, sulphur
etc. If such elements are required for analysis, then alternative equipment shall be used.
The main elements which can be detected using the Niton xl2 100g xrf analyzer are: Mo. Ni. Fe, Mn, Cr,
Nb, Cu, V, Co, Ti and W.
7.0 ACCEPTANCE & REJECTION CRITERIA (EVALUATION OF PMI TEST RESULTS)
7.1 Acceptance criteria for PMI testing of base and filler metals shall be as per Table 1 below:
7.2 Results for dissimilar metal alloy welds and weld overlays shall be in accordance with the welding
consumable specified in the approved welding procedure. The effects of dilution between the different
base metals and the filler metal shall be considered for determining the nominal as-deposited
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Table 1. Acceptance Criteria
Acceptance criteria
Alloy Verification
method
X-Ray Emission Analysis
Metal
Base Metal
Weld Metal
±10% *
±12.5% **
Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES)
±10% *
±12.5% **
Notes:
* Each alloying element shall be within ±X% of the chemical composition range specified in the
applicable base metal specification (ASME II – Part A/B). ±X% is the maximum allowed deviation to
nominal chemical composition in order to account for measurement accuracy.
** Each alloying element shall be within ±X% of the chemical composition range specified in the
applicable filler metal specification (ASME II – Part C). ±X% is the maximum allowed deviation to
nominal chemical composition in order to account for measurement accuracy.
Whenever any item selected on the basis of percentage for PMI Test fails to meet the specification
8.0 MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION
requirements, 100% of items of lot shall be tested for PMI.
8.1 MARKING
1) All piping bulk materials shall be delivered with the original Manufacturer/Supplier’s markings and be as
follows:
a. Clearly readable.
b. Compliant with the relevant material specification (e.g., ISO, ASTM).
c. Include the Manufacturer/Supplier’s applicable identification symbol, matching the identification shown
on the applicable mill test reports.
d. Be preserved when piping materials are ordered in the blasted and primed condition (e.g., straight
length pipes).
e. Supplemented by markings applied by stock personnel and Manufacturers/Suppliers (e.g., PO numbers
or) if needed.
2) All components that require machining shall be traceable through the machining process by transfer of the
heat number to the component.
3) Completed shop fabricated pipe spools shall be fitted with an identification tag identifying at a minimum
the Isometric number and spool number.
4) Paints and markers shall be selected such that they will not cause degradation to the base material (e.g., no
zinc-containing paint/marker on stainless steel base material, no chloride-containing paint/marker on
stainless steel base material).
8.2 COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION
8.2.1. General
1) Components on which PMI is performed shall be identified with a PMI indicator stating the material
identification codes applied by means of a low-stress steel stamp (stencil) or paint/marker as prescribed
in this Specification, in accordance with (10.2) and (APPENDIX D).
2) Vibro-etching may be used for thin wall materials or if the configuration of the component does not
permit stamping.
3) The “PMI” letters shall be circled as shown in the examples in (APPENDIX E).
4) Pressure equipment (e.g., vessel, heat exchanger) subject to PMI shall have a PMI stamp on the name
plate
a. An additional nameplate for the PMI stamp may be welded on or adjacent to the code nameplate.
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POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
b. Heat exchanger nameplate PMI stamping shall identify the tube side and shell side separately.
c. Pressure vessel and heat exchanger internals, cladding, and cladding welds shall be marked with paints
or markers identifying the PMI that was performed on each component, provided sufficient
documentation is in place for the PMI of all components.
5) All piping welds subject to PMI shall be PMI stamped on the final weld pass (where allowed by code) or
next to the weld, applied by means of a low-stress tool.
8.2.2. Material Identification Codes
a. Material identification codes shall be at least 6 mm (1/4 in) high.
b. Material identification codes shall be located below the letters “PMI” within the same circle as
shown in the examples in (APPENDIX E).
c. Material identification codes given in (APPENDIX D) shall be in addition to those required by the
applicable material specification (e.g., ASTM).
8.3 REJECTED MATERIAL
1) Rejected material shall be identified by marking or tagging and segregated from acceptable material.
2) The Manufacturer/Supplier, shop Fabricator, or field Fabricator, as applicable, shall submit a nonconformance report (NCR) per the project quality procedures.
3) If an item from a representative sample is rejected, the following additional testing shall be carried out:
a. Examine 100 % of the remaining components of the lot from which the sample was taken.
b. Examine 100 % of the same component types from the next delivery from the same
Manufacturer/Supplier.
c. Return the level of examination to the originally specified level if examination of the next lot does not
identify any similar non-conformance.
9.0 INSPECTION REPORT
All analysis checks shall be the subject of a typed test report in addition to the PMI equipment generated test
chart for each reading and has its own tracking number, which shall be issued on completion of the
examination.
1) The Inspection Report shall indicate at least the following for each inspection lot examined:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Manufacturer/Fabricator's name.
Date(s) of testing.
Name of person and company performing the test.
Method of examination (laboratory or field analyser).
Analyser used for the examination.
Material specification of the material to be tested.
Material Manufacturer/Supplier, MTR number, heat number and lot number, as applicable.
Inspection lot size and number of pieces or items examined.
Results of the test and resolution of non-conformance material.
Chemical elements verified by PMI and the percentage of the elements in accordance with
(APPENDIX C).
Reports downloaded from the alloy analyser are acceptable.
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DOCUMENT NO. MPIS-NDE-PMI-01 ISSUE 1 REV 00
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POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
2) For fabricated items with multiple components and welds, the PMI Inspection Report shall also include
the following:
a. Each component receiving PMI by the Manufacturer/Supplier.
b. Each piece of equipment (with item number) receiving PMI by the shop Fabricator, including a test
location map.
c. Each pipe (with line number and pipe spec, including the spool or fabrication drawing) showing the
locations of PMI by the shop/field Fabricator or field Constructor.
d. Existing piping PMI results for field welds of new to existing piping.
3) PMI Inspection Reports shall become part of the permanent record included in the final data package or
equipment file folders.
4) The PMI Testing Report shall be reviewed by the Company inspector prior to final acceptance.
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APPENDIX-A COMPONENTS SUBJECT TO PMI
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POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
APPENDIX-B PMI FOR INSTRUMENTATION COMPONENTS
.
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POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
APPENDIX-C ALLOYING ELEMENTS REQUIRED FOR PMI
Table - 3 Alloy Elements Required for PMI
No.
Basic Alloy
Elements to be Verified
1
304
Cr, Ni, Mn
2
304L
C, Cr, Ni, Mn
3
316
Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn
4
316L
C, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn
NOTES: For alloys not listed in Table 3, the elements which need to be verified shall be in
accordance with the standards or consult with Company.
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APPENDIX-D MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION CODES
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APPENDIX-E LOCATION OF PMI IDENTIFICATION MARKS FOR PIPING (EXAMPLES)
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ATTACHMENT-1 Sample Report format
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