HTD Assignment 08
Hypothesis:
Different cue types will improve test recall compared with free recall.
ALL Independent variable(s): Cue type (lecture image cues, phonological audio cues, free
recall)
ALL Dependent variable(s): Percent correct recall on a psychology test
Direction of effect: Students will recall more with cue types (especially image cues) than
with free recall
Sample characteristics, as applicable: College students enrolled in psychology courses
Testable Prediction:
Lecture image cues will yield greater mean percent correct recall compared with
phonological audio cues or free recall for students completing psychology tests.
ALL Independent variable(s): Cue type (lecture image cues, phonological audio cues, free
recall)
ALL Dependent variable(s): Percent correct recall
Direction of effect: Lecture image cues > phonological cues > free recall in terms of recall
performance
Sample characteristics, as applicable: Undergraduate psychology students
Classification of ALL independent variable(s): Categorical (nominal – type of cue)
Classification of ALL dependent variable(s): Continuous (percent correct recall)
Most relevant parametric statistical test for data analyses: One-way ANOVA
Most relevant non-parametric statistical test for data analyses: Kruskal-Wallis H test
References
Mastropieri, M. A., & Scruggs, T. E. (1998). Enhancing school success with mnemonic
strategies. Intervention in School and Clinic, 33(4), 201–208.
Paivio, A. (1991). Dual coding theory: Retrospect and current status. Canadian Journal of
Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 45(3), 255–287.
Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in
episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373.