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1 a8ussu4
i
1. Wlren [.au Po sarl,s "heen a long timc sincre I plar etl
6. l'he passagc statcs that a playcr rr.ho has hurlecl
rvith dolls" (line I5), he means that:
chess pieces into the sandbor rr.rust:
A. hc vicn's chcss primarill, as a game for
F'. oll-er an apologl . then pick up the picccs alonc
G. he responsiblc lor mainlaining thc other
children.
B. he is unaccustornc:cl to playing chess asainst
young girls likc Wavcrly.
C. he bclieves Waverly should pllrsue a rrore
traditional pastirrre.
D. he is no kuge r intercstecl in play.ing chess.
pla-\,cr's piccc:s in ncal ro\vs.
H. rteve r again utter "check" n'ith r,anity
J. \\'car a chan.g.
7. War,erly suggests that her mothcr's "hunrilirv"
(linc :1.1) is:
2. 'ilre rnain purpose ol the tbrrrth paragraph (lincs l9-
A. gcnuine bccausc her rnother \\'iiltts to prescrvc
2ll) is to:
(lhinesc traditions.
B. gcnuinc bccausc her motlrcrr rvants Waverll tir
apprcciatc lrcr cultural heritagc.
C. false lrecausc Waverl.v states thilt her rnothcr
['. clcscribc the disaplnintnrent that Wavcrll,
l'clt rvhcn she lost galncs to Lau I)o.
G. providc a list o1'the sfratcgics that Wavcrly
leiirned 1-rom l,au Po.
watchcd proudll'as shc clefbatcd all hcr
()pponcn(s.
D. lalse because hcr nrother did not n'arrt to be
criticize:d lor her daughter's iirrogalice.
H. o.rplain hctu Wavcrlr kcpt hcr chess games
J.
rvith l-au Po secret from her brothers.
descrihe the rer.r'ard s)stcltl tlral Waverll ancl
l,au Po establishccl lor thcir games.
8. In lirre -i0. thc phrascfire poittts is uscd to rel'er to:
3. In the last paragraph. Wavcrl,r, rnost likely "couldn't
sa_r, an1'thing" bccause
F. specif ic t1,pes ol'bchavior that chess pl:I,ers
shc:
are c\pcctcd to erhihit.
A. ol'ten fbunrl hcrsclf unable to speak in hcr
G. obscrurc rceulations that no longer apply to
mother's presence.
rnodern c-hcss gamcs.
B. u,as unable to re lule hcr rnother's argument
H. a svstcm of nrles inventecl b1, l,au Po.
J. subtle dill'crenccs betn'een Chinesc ancl
logically.
C. understoocl that her mothcr's knou,ledge o1,
Arncrican lbrrns ol chess.
chess surpassccl her rlrvn.
D. hclicved that her rnothcr lvas unlikell., to pa.v
9. It is reasonable to infbr that Waverl1., tells her
attention if she spoke in lrnglish.
mothcr shc is al'raid to "'brin.e shame on hcr fiimill"
(line -52) because she :
4. According to thc passage, Waverly's first response
A. believcs that erpressing doubt in hcr abilities
to the sr-rggestion tlral she compete in a chess
tournrment is to:
u ill c:ause her rnother to rclcnt.
B, is becr:ming shy'and unccrtain in the l.lnitccl
F. srnilc graciousll
G. plc.id to attend.
H. rernain silent.
J. question her ability, to competc.
States.
.
C. only \\,ants to pla1, choss against Lau I)o.
D. is conccrnccl lhat slre docs nof play chcss n'ell
Ctl( )tl gll l( ) C()m JrClc lt.giti t tsl sl rlln gcrs.
5. As it is usecl in lincs 67-68. rhe phrase rort tLut of
10. Uased on thc passagc, as a n,holc. Wavcrll's urothcr
r-nost nearly means:
coulcl besl. bc clescribed as:
A. dissolved.
B. surounded.
C. competed against.
D, vanished from.
F. rvarm and enthusiastic.
G. simple and naiye.
H. harsh and condescending.
J. traditional yet opinionated.
113
F
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11 aBessr4
Questions 11-13 ask about Passage A.
ll. Which of the tollo*,ing statemcnts aboLrt hLirt'iun
16. Basecl on the inibrrnation in Passage B. it is
longo,ity in clevelopecl criuntries is bt-st srrpported b1
Passage A'l
reasonablc to inf'er that prior lo Robert Sirpolskl's
rcscarch in thc 1970s, rcscarchers:
A. It is consistently ltighcr than in dei eloping
A. wcre una\\'arc thaI chan.tcs to the brair]
causccl b1 cortisol can hai c harml'ul and long-
countries.
B. It is unall-ected by inclividual bchaviors.
C. It is lc:ss inl'luencecl bl gcnetics than it is b1
psychosocial lactors.
D. It is directly crorrelatecl u,ith adult-onsct tjitrbetes.
lasting ctl'ects.
B. dicl not recognize that stress hormoncs allowed
human ancestors to aYoid attac:ks l'rom prcdators
C. qusstioned the relationslrip betueen toric stress
and thc developrncnt ol'diseasc.
D. had not yet iclentifiecl the conncctiou betw'een
12. According to Passagc A. a ma.jor etf'cct of sllcss is tr,:
cortisol ancl {he light or.flight rcsponsr:.
F. cause muscles k) \\'erlke n.
G. increase scnsitivity tcl irntihiotics.
H. create small clianges in a pcrson's Bcnolnc
J. make some paticnts iueligible for surgery.
17. Which o1'the following terrns in I'assage B is usecl
nrclre l'i gurativcll, 1[1or', Iiteral ly?
F. "scalc" (tine 3l)
G. "struggling" (littc 3ll)
H. "re lcuscrl" llirrc -191
J. "piiints" (line -57)
13. 'l'he nrain function ol'the quotirLion in line s 24 27 t-il'assage A is trl:
A. poinl out that cerlain typcs ol surgcry arc often
incfl'eclive in thc shorl term.
B. inclicate the disprt portionatc: impact ()f stl'ess on
Questions 18-20 ask about both passages
the bodl''s ability to recover f'rom illness.
C. prcscnt a compolling argurnLrnt for delaling
surlJery in severcly ill paticnts.
D. suggest that the bernefits ol drug-coatcd stcnls
have becn largell' overestimate'd.
18. A similarity between the passages is that they both
F. call a{tention to signil'icant periods in the
history" of scicncc.
G. describc kc1' cl.rangcs that slress causes in the
Questions 14-17 ask about Passage B
brain.
H. discuss rescarcl.t conductcd h1' a ke1' I'igure
in the lield of strcss rcscarch.
J. errrphasize the role of cortisol in the bocly's
14. As it appears in linc -58 ol l'assage B, the phrase
"take heart" most ne;rrl\ refers to the lact that:
rcsponse to stress.
F. people who sul'l'cr frorn hearl clisetrse sltould takc
19. An e lcmcnt of Passage B that is not prescnt in
care to avoid slrcsstul sitLtaticlns.
G. pcople should f'eel rcassurcd to discover that
stress can havc lrcneliciirl elfccts.
H. srnall amounts of toric stress can leacl to a sensc
of c.-thilaration.
J. the dif'lcrcnces bctw'ccn typcs ol'strcss are less
signil'icant thirn they \\'L:rc once thclr"rght to be.
Passage A is a rel'erence to \\ihal aspcct ol- slross'?
A. Impact on public health
B. Potential benefits
C. Physical effects
D. Interaction with medication
20. Il hcalth aclvisors rvere recruitecl to hclp recipicnts of'
the' sl.cnts described in Passage A recol'cr lrom
15. 'l'he main purposc of the first paragraph of Passage 13
(linos 29-ll8) is to:
surgery using rccent lindings descrihcd in Passage [3.
those counsclors n,oulcl nrost likcly rccomrnencl thitt
the patients:
A. clescrihe an irnpending public hcalth crisis.
B. call atte ntion to the efl-ccts ol clrronic stress ()tt
F'. take supplcrnents lo supprcss cortisol protluction.
G. gracluallli e\pose themselves to strcssful situa-
tcens and 1'oung aclults.
C. suggcst that it is impossitrle to rc:ntovc' stress
entircly' I'rom daily lilc.
tions.
D. erlphasize the pc-rvasivcness of'strsss across
H. avoid dn,elling on thcir anrietie s.
J. regrrlarll rnonitor thcir strcss on a l0-poillt scalc.
a range ol'grorrps.
115
'92
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'vz
,.'33c ptxri
'lrrnolJu olttt s^\1?l.l llu E-ul)Bl 'puu puilJ.J 1uitl1 u 'rclt1u1
rllltllclul Io oloq R s8,\\ etl :e,rtq cu cstllc{ o,rt1c.'l1.JoJ }soq
9tt
csnu)oq sdutlJocl sr lt 's.lellJ\\ roqlo Auttut lo si\lJ cql ql!'\\
(sJo'\oJltloo
per eilutoc uaq u pr:rl1d Poltlcos' tt ltld olc,r trd put?
crlqncl jo slrcitrecl sll ellclsop 'e.lll s,uos'l31ll:-l .ll
96
;1 .i0 etrlos e]oJ^\ cH,, :,tcu3e1 srtl .Jo lueulsscsst s,eledo'1
LIlnur ool lsolo;tl l"ttplll(l\\ .(lquqotd llosiol-tli{ 'os ue,\'J
06
'luepcrord p ;e'rttlcl
eqt uo posuq pclde)le ,(1c.rctu lott ptlll 'oJuel;edxo lunplllptll
(t1 pc1se1 eq plnoqs sucpl I[1? tlrtll pcnS'rtl ttoslotu--{ lllg
'uor3t1er Ulclsuq lo ]ucpnls pl\1) tlu osll.] sll'\\ ctl pttu'ltlll)
iluul'l0l) oq1
IonuBtutul ptlu eqlooi) uutstloI slunl]cllJltll
'Surroq urq put-+ ,(lleuotstlolo sl0llttlpll ,(ep-u.rlpotu sltl .1tr
..'I10.\\ cql ptllr uutrl eq1
'ool
,'.tclsnu Ja,\eu plttoJ I illql ,iluluuoc letrolsrferu
r11r,u 3uu.t soJttoluos slH 'pelqnop .lo p)l1lc,\\s J3,\o plltl
:rurseur I uplno) I 'ls.ltlJeo ool 'o.lllslco) ocll 'ultlg-qBrq
,) piurJcs eH., 'solu^\ sJoptrcq ,,"ttos.touq op1c16 qd1tt11
'I rrl.) qllnru t,tlptp 1'eie11clo ut s.(essc slq.Io ln.+pueq
[l]r.r ]sJr.] | uctlAA,,'sluulnol'slq ul ]nq's{ussa slq tll lotl
sJepuus
';r: aruesercl f urlecddu ]sotll s,lto:^rcullj llltl] slurql
r\snll lloJS lsl.,(ussc oln1uu .,{ruroclueluo)'otudo'1 c1t'1
' r:rro.rcldu o1 slturnol'srq iutpual lool ]I 'Sutsstttt A\oqeuos
'ur eq] '.tulurelcccls efunSuel put 3ut1tttt1l cql :suotuJes
lnUorsr^ c)ll'pc.rtclsur,'(13trr,(zztp'lsllJlsqB'.tt.:1nJu.ttt
rllunos ,(4q,1, 'c1se1 ,(tu ro; lutrosledurt otll patuces s'(essc
rl lurl 'i[, ]s cso.tcl srq pclrupe L, posse.luo) aluclo-1 ,']sr:d
't11n1qtnl1., 'p1or
'
L) rn uosrcut'C ot osolJ luql ltJ.l lr\iru |
rq 11.r1 ilsnol,rcrd peq oq,\\ lelli.\\ 1? 1l? Iool qser.l 1l allll ol
' rrckr'1 iullduro"rd 'g167 ttl slcurnol' s"uosloulg .lo tlolloclos
' irnlo^-o,\\1 u psqsrlqnd BllloutY J0 ,fue;qt'1 otl.L
'sf utlu,,t
lqrrcl .roqlo s uosrourq ul pun(U uloplos '(1r1tqereu1u,l
ln ssoulJc.ilp l] s]lqlq\o u.1plE/A.lo rotlllle eql ol
.nqu] s,uosJorug 'l-ulo[ ,(essc ut l.lcqsrlqnd lJlc'l ..'cu[]tl ctll
r 11nd lclu plnoJ otl luul pc)ull,rpc JllJ os su\\ ssol ,(lrxucut
L'(
Ll rror[,\\ uo,\0..'puellJ tseq slq su nEa]oqJ, 'Ioqueuill
,,u,t1u plno,\\ ''rl' uospreqrlll 'q1 uoqog .rcqdurEorq
rlll,\\ 'UOsJJrilE 'llOJ[V ttoSUO'Ifl ]sllllluepUOlsullJl
')lli)l pul]-l)tlod ucplBAA rllcu ctuoL[ sllotut[ stq cIllLLt
i plrlll s.Uosiouq po,\\orloq oq.\\*llBaroq.l, su qJns sJ.l)llJ'\\
r .roluatu luJlllllu P ulltl cptttu,'(]rltqels s(ttoslctui'l
gg
08
tttortl slqSlsttt [t^\o slll .1o ,(uutu pc,rllcp'llu r3][11 'puq eq :putl
0,
,{1ur.ro.1tttn su't Stttltttq} utJdolllq puu 11sr13trg luq) }()tt se'\\
lutod s.uoslaua 'pUo/A p111 ell ttlorl sEol]l po]'todurt Sulsn
\\
]o puolsur iurlurq] u,\\o rlcql op ol tuoql pcfill oq uctl
s.lcuolstl sttl pclu,ttldeJ tlos'tcttl"I 'Jo'\c'\\ot[ 'LtBI tr! p'llr'\'lt-'H
1U e,ru8 cq ssclpPll ttll ..'.ltlltllIJr1^ Itt]')lleuv ctl.l..,
ul
C:
culos uo,\e luql ulEol ol poslldrlls ()oI Jq lOU sdr:qrad p1n0tt
..'.lsul ]e croq B seuoJaq oroq
,{:a,rc.. leql pc'llllrep '(1snouru1
oil,\\'sJcllaI usJlletrtv JO JOqlU,J Stttpttttol l]'tlos'li-)luq
'uorln[o,\el [euo:^Jcd J0 tlolsst]d Jo ]uc8t ttu st '"rcPtrrl;3u1
,\\eN ilulucc-qluoelctttu lellu.lsselutnh cql'tlosliLtlS
9L
1noqu,(1deop 1p.11 s,(t':p lscql eldoad,ucq',(1trul s1t .1t'r
csnuccq pl^l^ oJoiil cql llu suto.ls Illlttoultlsel s.uo1're3p'g
,'cu lllq cuo ou lo.i
soJueluos eulos uslllJ,\\ plrq .1q .ll sll pouees ll pue'pllo'\\ elll
OL pcAoI oH'pulI S1],\\ cH',\\oJrlltl ptle IulJolulJlP l()u lllq'lnJL)l-l't
sr^\ eH,, 'uosJor.fi:-l JO Selll,,\\ uoyosp'd ,,'poolq ,(ru paltlcq
)llql seepl-sllopl lnoqB eloJ^\ otll\ Jollll\ u su''\\ c'tcH.'
'ldl'|q s:^u)Y
3ut11o,14 pue (alllry s1l sllo,'\\ pcltlrqeloJ qrlls pulqoq Jslle'\oil
gg
ctll sll JJolllc [n.[sse]lns c oJ pltlr\l-to puu'dr1s rll pcuur:;d
peq cq qrrq,t 'e3o11tlJ pllllrol ttolrofrpg poJcals rclulloJtl'l
eqJ ,.'cJll 3uno,( ,ttu ul Jttlll lqSu oql lsrll ]u uolllcq'l
'(tss:
lenlJcllelul -lo [A\ol] t dn oul po,\Jcs lluq tloslcttt"1..
u1r ut Jcltrl s.tea,( (uuttl llurel plno\\ uu'rafpg ,,'etlllosllil
ut p0llros.+l sr alt.,u 1oS Sll,l\ purur (1,x.,'11?llA lllq'elqeldacol
0g
,(1uo 1ou su,\\ Jclleq xopotlilo Sutuotlsottb leql \\otll
uIltl le I ot],\\ ctlt)euos ptltlo.l uoyeSpS 'tlt)sJ'rulE Lll
,'uI?tilllq^A olll
).1l]q o\lsllPd\O'AIIIAICN CIll SelJuuolslA p()o]slopullslttl
rosurlJr(I ctlll scslll.lol 'llrril()tl.L .lll scpufctro't
(L
s,uolreip3 'e.lll jol lollll E drr po.re.L1tl lttotuttitssu ;tloqrs
qf rq u 'uctl.J- 'rlur[ott:]J tll'loN 'ups0qleg ul c.]ll I'lr\o]-lItlttls
r.lu.lrlrV oq] rrr 1t13nt)que lJu tlll culoccq suLJ uosletll'-I..
rrll sls)fiins'utI uosJolu'-l r-lq u.llesulq slulroo ot'l'\\
.'eJlllrlN..
-'lJu^ ol puel c/t6's1ttut3,{rrtlucc t{luaeleulu-pltu Joqlo
99
s.uosraurq oplt^A qdlr.l11 iulpr:er cllq^\ ctuuJ {urlqdld'
r() [o cJtllltl-loJ lcplslllo luql s)JL]l aq csnBJoq uotrP'r (181'r1t;
'l1lrrorlU:t.\UoJ slq ln()qu iut1o1; sll\\ ell s]qn0[) etll lt)J euiutl lr
pur.1 o1 Strr(:1 se,$ tro].reip',{ cp,(1;1 '996 1 ul ic8utlcel u sV
.r (ussa iup-u.rcpor-u B 'clcdo'l tlttttqa 'olqlsl.\ ssrl lllullJp sll
'irluur 'eutlncll Suttttttssetttr put Jcplo tlo pJ,\lJql auoq slq
f
09
'(uctulloH ,(rruuql ,(q c toz ,,r',; uuttrlropl iuttlll
iq ..sp.rc.1 iur1ao.r1l aql puo,(eg :uosrotu'd optlrA\. qcl1tl11
pillrl JIJI)lll ut rtto.ll lletdtpu sl oSussud slq.L :sollluEIunH
ta
111 a8usse;
27. 'Ilre passage indicates Hntcrrson belier etl Enslish
21. All ol'the lbllorving arc mcntioned in thc passagc as
influc:nc:es on Enrerson EX(l[1l/l'
and European thinking:
A. Johann Goethe.
B. Immanuel Kant.
C. "The American Scholar."
D. Eastern religion.
A. shoulcl hc corlhinecl rrith insights l'rorn pcrsorral
erperience.
B. could not bc applicrd to e\ er\ dal Iil'e in the I Inited
Slales.
C. relied ercessil'el1' on thc icleas ol'.lohalrn (ioethe
22. Based on the inltrrrrration providecl iu line s -+7--5 I.
it is rcasonable to in1'er that cornpared to Erncrson's
homc life, the horne lives ol'manv other uritcrs sclc.
arrd Irnnrlrrrrrcl Klrnt.
D. rvas outdatecl antl rvorthlcss.
28. Thc nraiu function nl-lhc sirth parngraph (lincs
morc:
:17-.58) in relation to thc passage ris a r:rhole is to:
F. conye'ntional
G. erciting.
H. m1'stcrious.
J. praiservorthl,
F. clcscribc horv Eme rson's privatc lil'e clitl'erecl
I'rorn l.ris public li1c.
G. compilrc Flmerson's literarv style to {he st1'lc ol
his conternporaries.
23.'l'he passagc inclicates that prior to 2010, t,hillip
H. account for Irmerson's relatiVe lack ol- popularitl
l,opate vie*,cd Emerson's rr. riting as:
alnong Amcrican rvriters.
J.
A. detached and inaccessible.
B. guarded and secretive.
C. intriguing yet alarming.
D. passionate and heartwarming
erplain lp1r, fimcrson acquirecl the reputatiorr o1'a
rornantic outsicler.
29. As it is used in.l9, the *'ctrd Ltttifornil.): lrost nearly
nleans
24. 'l'hc passagc suggests that ntembers ol the Amcrican
Iiterary cranon are typically valued lbr their:
A. independently.
B. methodically.
C. fairly.
D. invariably.
F" outsider status.
G, reflective nature.
H. stylistic brilliance.
J. social conformity.
30. Statements tr1,' Phillip l.opate and Scotl Russell
Sanclers suggcsl [hat Etncrson's essays cliflered l'rorn
his.iourrrrl' in tlrlrt lris r\sa)s \\crc:
25. When h.clgertrlrr says that his "rrrincl u'as set al'ire
as if st'rakecl in gasoline" (lincs l0- l I ). he rnost nearll,
F. lofty and exalted.
G. soothing and engaging.
H. tentative and doubtful.
J, personal and reflective.
means thiit lre:
A. was clisturbccl by Enrerson's tcncler)cy to clueslion
ortl.todor hcliel's.
B. hruncl the rncaning of h,merson's n,ritin-t ditficult
to underst.and.
C. lclt thrillcd and inspirc:d by limerson's icleas.
D. rvas unahle [o conccntrate on thc mosl r,ital parts
ttl' F.rncrsttrt's rr ork.
16. Accordir.rg to the passagc, Scott Russell Sanders
believcs that lirnerson's rnost appealing u riting is
tbuncl in his:
F. cssilys.
G. .journals.
H. tributc to thc author ol Wulden.
J. acldress .qive n at Han'ard in ltl37
117
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8tr
lpl-scoq JeqqoJ Sulpnu.ruur {c1 suorslncu! lJe}cp uJ,\c puR
'c8ulo1r^ iauoq ro1 squ-roc u.rlxo ppt? ol JclllorJ.\\ 'se[nl urel
qr-nclrql 1r (.uuc ol lsooq ltuorlrJlrlrr u specu (uo1oc eql rrJr[,r\
98
) \0q llr^\ e8ueqc oleurlr lJelJc orll puplsropun o,\\ ,,\\orl
'de3 luecrlrnBrs llesodxc pue 'surc1s,(sore lurnllnoufe
JEJnlurr u I suorluo,\lolur uEunlr-l .]o se JUolhosuoJ
''rrJlurun
0,,
uJoJSrp uer r.ldcolccq u 'suorler-mr 1qEro,,t .(1rr:p 3ul1re"r1
,(g 'scn1o luoureSeuuur lelr.\ .ro.f sc,trq alErs uo perle.r 3uo1
c,.ruq slsr.rurcie 'of,ur lcql ur,t scS.luqr reql crns c)l:lur o-l_
ual.+o .1rll olrrr slqBrsur IBc,\cJ ol unSoq
's^uJclle.l Jorlleir^\ puu 's.rr4rul11od
)ro\\ eql
:rlc[ Suonru "(puo.r1y
r-drqsuorlrlal oq] alef r]scAur o3 's;o1uur11od
,.i,lorr JO')^,,$olJ JuJJcrr cql oIr.laq (cutrq
08
ror"ll llll 1uc ,(up lJllA :crt.r n s ll,.'s,(us cq .'iotLrr,\r erl]
q8nolql dn {u,rr lrctJl tte ,(1,uo1s ,,(eq.1., 'u1su1y'cfuloqruy
su quou Jp-| sB eArAJlls uuJ {uo1or iqtluoq u'lnollo^\
!r prre seeq ,(auoq 3ur"rn1ue1 'suorlr?JoqeJloc rlJJr?csoJ
.,rr-rcs u rllullr?l ol sErrirs'"{ poal p1no,t .(uuqdldc cq.;
,r'orlnI e loq^\ orll uo SutoB 'esou {ur .ropurr
' rse.\\ 1;..'sius aq ,'dn srql pottoltl I ueq^\ po)roqs st?,r\
rltrour eqJ Io olpp[u oqt o1 ie61 0)1ll [ror.l-sloo^\ o,\\]
rrl.Irrls p1?q JBlJou lsour arll oruor1 lqfnoJq sooq ,\\olloH
l\ srq q3lrl,\\ uo.lillp aLll'suosecs cl l:-nl'1o uuds cq] ul
Jo asnrJ arp uo 111311 ou
':l;rur-l pue.r1 3r,rr.ro88els E"(1.)J
.;t sqderi 3ur11nsor cql oln1l6'sproJar u,\\o slq ol peurnl
'l 'sanlc ro.J SurIoo-l '\ll(r,\JJLt (.r.-r,r '(.ro,r cu-turoq
\\rlJrills puP 'salcldu 'spuour[t Jo s]sa^luq qsrJ Jtnsrro
.,-.rtl icuoq uo ,([J] oq,,il sJeutJlI elurs-o8.ru1 cqt pue
-.rcd
96 o1 dn sessol peuoder sredoolsaq lurtrilunuo.)
. rLl Ior[] pue 3uno,,( rroql pouopuuqu {lqircrldxoul
' su .ildurc luc,\\ r-or\rrl crrtu3 '(11.):)) roprosrp osdulloc
, )l poqqnp auorpu,,{s Sttto8uo uu ut Sttt.tccddu"-lp
- rrl cpr,\\uorll]tr socq (.ruor1 'ggg7 .)llrl ul ',(q];u;rq
' doal ot suo.Ilo srrl su slrulcp qJns puu surclled raqtuo.\\
.r
;rrr su 'lqfrcrr ,(1rtlp sooq cql Jo pJorer snolnJrlrlu
rilrUlutBU-t s cq'cJurs JoAg'clr?[ cJq ellr,\illeg eq] lu euo
1\rl qJnLU eluJs rrilo.lleld onhrluu rru prrl? sorlq u,\\op-aru
'LI
.lo oul B rltr^\ Z66l rrr pru{Iruq 'puu1{.ru61 'puulqirg
:r (relcly A\olloH Iurr\ oql poqsrlrlulsa serus!{ 'S5^g\}
JecJul puu iurunl.rl itl lsrlucrrs y
lJlur,\\ Jrorll lenJ ol seuoltlc l;8noue a,wq ,(cqt lurll pcpr,\ord
,.']Rcrl olu.leueS o1 selrsrlu 11311.J .rrcql Sursua]'a;orll
Surf uurl lsnl'aru tsr)r oql-sacrSop 1-6, lu .rat1 Surtleal c"r..{cr1}
prrp'sl uoanb crll oleq,\r sr Jelsnlr or[] -Jo JcluoJ Jq.J,.,'o^tq
slqt aprsur rro Surof s luq^\ prl orll 3trr11r1 proqlr.\\ s..\\orr)
puu sopuocp o.t1 {1.reeu Jol scJrl 1clo1 s,oq.u 'sr:rilsq s.(es
..'llucl JorJos E Jo ozts cql ]noqu iclsnlJ 1l Ln sr iurr1r,.r.'r1;1
',nou 1qilg., ',(cuor; .Jo s-prulod 95-f .i1.rtlcu iurpnlrur 'sltrrrorl
gLZ W ltlo poddol rrolldurluor oloq,\\ eqt 'pirqqr (11nur1 rro1.1
ruloou SnoJ .illunsnurr s,ruoi 1su1 sr: 'i1n1 prul rrl sprrriocl
9';.6 q8lc,u c.,rr1 ,(aql qrq.\\ ur se\oq uepoo\\ *lt pur i.-rurrq
.rrctlt'secq oql's0lu1s 0rluBIlv elppll/{ orl} uo.\\orrs.lo lr..l
lErJ,\e:- p.ldulnp luql sprBZZrlq aql uco,\Uoq clrdsc.r (ru1r:q
ilc,rrlu.rucluroc u 3ur.rn;.1 'uootuol.]r ,(rrnucl clBl srrlI uo
9L
OL
99
9t
00
9Z
OZ
' ernlu.rccltuol
1'rrru,(1 rp r urn q
Jucrquru c.\rlelel go .ratsrScr ,(1rup u r[]r,\\ SuoJB 'punocl
u.io q10l B urrllrt o1 1qfrc.,t s,i).\rq erll sarnlduc JilpJoJcr
llq-zt'pcrlrr?ltll UV'eoq icrrorJ .nollc(-pUP-1ru;q
09
"(zzn.1
eLll'Diattllaur stdy So ,iuoloc B :rucll cln-urs u q)r.\\ pepuol
ucaq scq oleos srtll'1997 iicrrrrnl ur (lul JJq s Vqsll crtl
lc 3ur,tr.r.rc oJurS 'suolJru puu 'sctlrucd 'so;dtfir -+o sclurl .ro
uru"r8 ;o slJlls pcq;rc,\\ o,\Eq plno.r\ srql olrl eless u's00til
orl] ul'rrunl()) loots s,e;EJS eql cplsur 3ur-rds eql ol poqrelu
re3fo1 tpr1.r poln.rcdo-(ralluq 'lleus e o1-oleJS uuo.llr:1cl
ruor-lsliJ 1l .Io Lrruaq eql uo pcr.ll.rcd ilsnor.rerc.rd-dotch:1 srq
ulol.l pJoJ Jtll StlllJ otl Su ISnp s.ll 'lllup puoJU^\op ol s^osn ctl
99
. rrlclurSouueco
,rtrr rol tr Bututoo ruJreu ou rsotulB "r"ur"-;:,:,1:lll;
"
-nrulryuur oql'spunocl c7 3o solrds,(1rup o^orrlJrl
09
secq slq ]BLll irrrlou 'sErcs:{ s,(us .,',(u111 Jo rltuou
rr a-ur,,rr1 rcql c)luu sceq oql'JJcq purloJv,,'ur]I1uur11od
clquo lll .lo q)lucs ul 3o1 srq lsuru8u Suruucl 8rq Leplnoqs
Sllurr?o cql qino.rqt sirp i-erusg eu.(e16 'pue1.(.ruyX 'allr,\slleg
ur .(.rtl1u.roq1l.l LlJ.n,tosrld co8 s.cjnl[nJuBy 3o luoLui.rude6J
.,r)f,ns .lo pJoooj loeJrp B sepr,ro.rcl puE 0.,\llJllpord lsotu
iurie"rol ,seeq eql qJrq,\\ uo elup aql slea^cr-^\oLf
'rLr IuJd Suunp soll?ls polrull crll Jo sl.rud oruos ur
iq cscc.rorrr uBr qcrq,\\-lqBre.,rt
9!
01.
I
's'tl eql ;o spuno;i eql rro ,(.rrrrdu cql ur Surpur:15
9V
,- slrunod gf se r-lJntu su
'(.auDDinl,1l stttldr,tg sutloy tq
ll rql .+o qduS y '.iuo1tio cqt Surqmlsrp ]noqlr^\
0l0Z i,tr) sl1su8c.r.1. rr()req\^
,(q
JtilLr"rrl.) IpqotD lnoqV s1 lle.l. scog tBrJAA,. polllt
..aiuuq.y
.llJrue rr1? uro"r1 pcldupr: sr eitrs"-nd srq.l. :aJuol)S IBJnIBN
,11 a8usse;
31. Accorcling to tho passagc. honel bces ge lleralc
37. l'lie passage indicates thtit b1 using scale hit'es.
apiarists can de'termine all ci['thc lbllorving
heat b1":
lrXCEt''l':
A. hudclling logether in the hire.
B. eating uectar.
C. tensing musclcs used lbr 1'light.
D. vibrating their stornachs.
A. nutritional deficiencics.
B. the time rvhen rt'rbber becs rvill attack.
C. the need for adclitional storage comhs.
D. peak toraging prodLrctivitl'.
32. l'he passagc indicates that Esaias's first hives at
thc Mink Hollon Apiary, \\'ere tnost likcly:
F. aboutthe size of a soccerball.
G. acquired from another bee-keeper
H. most productive in mid May.
J. unusually nervous.
38. Which ol'1hc fbllorving staterncnts lrest dcscribes
hou, the lourlh paragraph (lincs 5:l-7-5) functions
irr contert ol the passage as a u,hole:
F. It shifts thc locus ol'the passagc to a
discussion o1'a probletn afTlicting the honer)'
bee population.
33. Wlrich ol'the lirllorving qtrcstions is NO't
ansn'ercd in thc passage?
G. lt explains hrtrv Esaias n'as inspircd to stal't
A.
H. lt describcs the process b1' u'hich honc,v-bccs
the Mink Hollou, Apiary.
In rvhat year \\'.ls colotrl, collapse clisorder
pollinate plants ancl I'ruit trees.
((l(lD) first obse rvecl'l
J. It rel'utes a popular crplanaLion for the
B. What is an allerttale narne lor the honey hee'l
C. Wh1'did Wa1'ne Esaias dccide to studl
causes ol'(l(--D.
honel'hces'/
D. Can hone,v bee colotties surlive in cold
39. It ctrn be reasonabll inl'crrecl that bclrveen
.lanuarv ancl .luly, thc u,ciglrt of a bttx containing
a bee hive can vilr)' lry approrimately:
clirratcs'l
34. ln linc -50, thc lvord .ipiie.i tnost ttearly rteans:
F'. increases.
G. stings.
H. tlevelopmcnts.
J. c-xaggerations.
A. 95lbs.
B. l50lbs.
C. l80lbs.
D. 275lbs.
40. Information in the passage suggests that in 1992,
35. 'l'hc passagc indicates that in order to track his
bees collected the largest amount of nectar in:
hivcs' rvcight, Esaias uses:
F. mid May
G. late .lanuarY
H. mid JLrly.
J. late May.
A. instrurnents der,'elopecl specificall)' firr beekcepers.
I3. a cornbinatiorr ol ttld and neu tcchntllogics
C. sacks ol' grain and fruit cratcs.
D. a digital scalc.
36. 'l'he epiphanl' rnentioned in linc 77 rrosl clircctll'
ret'ers 1o tlic t'act that:
F. Esaias's grirphs tl,crc able 1o shccl light trrr thc
thc origins t'I CCD.
*'c:ather patterns can havc.
changing
G.
devaslating elfbcls on fhe natural ri trrld.
H. tlrcre are significant gaps in thc eristirlg
erplanations of clintate change.
J. thc date on u,hich Esaias's bccs ccrl lee tr.l thc
grcatesl amount oftlectar ttas ttr rr tr ce kt
carlier than elpecled.
119
Answers and Explanations
Practice Test 1
4. T{
Prose Fiction
The key word in the question is first * the question
is only asking about Waverly's initial reaction to the
suggestion that she compete in a tournament. You
need to make sure to start from the place where the
tournament is first mentioned, so scan for the word
tournament until you find it in the topic sentence of
seventh paragraph (lines 45-46) and then read the
1.8
Consider the context of Lau Po's statement Waverly
asks Lau Po to play with her, and he smiles at her
and then evidently agrees to a game. We know this
because she states that he turned out ta be a muclt
better player than fircrl brothers. So his attitude is
positive, and he wants to play. On that basis, you
can clearly eliminate (D), and (A) and (C) also don't
make a whole lot of sense. (B) is consistent with the
scenario in the passage: he's an old man, and
Waverly is a young girl - he refers to her as "little
sister." Logically, he must be saying that he hasn't
played chess with anyone so much younger than
himself in a long time.
following information slowly. What does the
passage say? I desyterntehl wtuied to go, hut I bit bock
my tongue.In other words, she kept quiet. Waverly's
mother is the one who smiles, so (F) is out. (G) is
completely wrong; Waverly never pleads to attend.
Careful with (J): Waverly does suggest that she
might lose if she competed in a tournament but she
only does so later, as she and her mother are
walkinghome.
5.D
2.C
Consider the context the passages states rhat the boy
I saw only my white pieces and his
black ones waiting on the other side. So logically, ran out
o/must mean something like "disappeared." That is
This question requires less thought than might be
initially obvious. The key is to notice that the buik of
the paragraph is comprised of a list of the "secrets"
that Lau Po teaches Waverly; even though there is
other information in the paragraph, it is not the
focus. (F) is incorrect because Waverly never says
that she felt disappointed; (H) is incorrect because
the passage never states that Waverly kept her
games with Lau Po secret; and in $, even though
Waverly does imply that she and Lau Po played for
Life Savers, that is a minor point.
disappeared...and
the definition o{ oanished, so (D) is correct.
6. Ij
fhe key word is safiLlhox, so you $,ant to start by
scanning for it. It shows up in line 33, where the
passage states Nec;er lutl picces hilLt tlrc sandhttx aftcr
yotr lrttue lost n garrc, bccatLsa thert yorr rrtust find thetn
again, hy tlourself, after nytologizirtg to nll around you. (F)
is thus the only possible answer.
3.8
(B) is correct because even though Waverly's mother
doesn't know much about chess, her argument is
7,C
hard to refute: the fact that Waverly lost fewer
Remember that the question asks about what the
pieces during her second tournament would seem to
indicate that she played a better game. For (A), there
is no evidence in the passage that Waverly often
found it difficult to speak in her mother's presence there's only evidence that her mother hears what she
wants to hear, which isn't the same thing. (C) is flat-
passage suggests, not what the passage says. Think
also about how the answers are presented: two state
that Waverly's mother's humility is genuine, and
two state that it is false. In other words, the question
is asking you whether the passage should be taken
literally. This is an important point because
out incorrect - Waverly knows much more about
whenever ACT questions ask you whether a word
or phrase should be understood literally, the answer
is typically "t-to." If those words or phrases were
intended literally, there would be no reason to ask
the question in the first place. You can therefore start
by assuming that (A) and (B) are incorrect. In this
chess than her mother; and (D) is simply off topic.
There's no information to indicate what language
Waverly spoke to her mother in.
131
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13. B
16. A
The quotation focuses on the fact that surgery is of
limited value in the long-term if a Person continues
to experience significant amounts of stress. Basically,
it's used to support the point that stress is the most
important factor in the ability to become/stay
heatthy - more important than medication, genetics,
etc. In other words, stress has a "disproportionate"
impact on health, which is what (B) says. (A) i"
You can start by looking for Robert Sapolsky's
name, but in this case, L970s is a more efficient key
term to focus on because Sapolsky's name appears
multiple times in fhe passage whereas 1970s only
appears once. What information does the passage
provide about Sapolsky's research in the 1970s? It
was responsible for the discovery that hormones,
including cortisol, released during the fight-or-flight
response can cause significant harm in the long
term. Logically, then, researchers were unaware of
the connection between harm to the body and longterm exposure to fight-or-flight hormones such as
cortisol prior to the 1970s - and that is what (A)
says. (B) is incorrect because the passage does not
imply that researchers did not know how fight-orflight hormones helped human beings in the past.
incorrect because the passage only mentions one
type of surgery/ and the focus is on long-term
health, not short-term fi.xes. The point is also not that
the surgery itself is ineffective, but that stress makes
it less effective in the long term. (C) is incorrect
because the passage says nothing about delaying
surgery, for severely ill patients or any other
patients. (D) is incorrect because again, the focus is
on the effect of stress on stent surgery. The passage
says nothing about whether the benefits of stent
(C) is incorrect because the passage does not indicate
that researchers actively questioned the relationship
between toxic stress and harm to the body. This
Errswer could be true, but the passage does not
surgery have been overestimated.
explicitly support it. Careful with (D): again, the
passage only indicates that researchers were
unaware of the harmful effects of chronic exposure
to cortisol. It does not imply that they were unaware
that cortisol was involved in the fight-or-flight
14. G
Consider the context of the phrase: the author is
intuoducing the fact that certain types of stress can
be beneficial. In addition, the phrase take htart ttself
means "don't worry." The only answer that fits is
(G). Ptaying process of elimination, (F) is negative
and can be crossed out. Careful with (H): the
passage states that small amounts of sorne types a{
stress ("good,," "toletable") can lead to a sense of
exhilaration. It says nothing abalt toxic stress being
anything other than toxic. (J) is incorrect because it is
entirely unsupported by the passage.
response.
77.J
In line 59, the lvord ;railrf-s is usecl figuratively tcr
rnean "indicates" or "reveals" - there is no artistit:
conrrotation . Sctlc, strugglitrg, and ralcnse t/ are all
used literally.
15. l)
18. H
Be careful with (A). The writer certainly suggests
that stress is a serious problem among the people
This question is actually much more straighfforward
than it might initially seem. If you scan the two
passages (or remember them well enough), Robert
Sapolsky's name appears in both. Robert Sapolsky =
a key figure in the field of stress resenrch. (F) is far too
broad - the passages focus only on stress research,
not on science as a whole. (G) applies to Passage B
but not Passage A, which only mentions the effects
of stress on bones and muscles. (J) is incorrect
because only Passage B mentions cortisol.
surveyed, but the idea that it constitutes ;rn
impending (about to occur) crisis is too extreme to
be consistent with the passage. Careful with (B) also:
the first paragraph does indicate that teenagers and
young adult are more stressed than before, but that
paragaph does not actually describe the effects of
stress on those groups. The only description of
chronic stress comes two paragraphs later. (C) may
be factually true, but it is also entirely unsupported
by the passage. (D) is correct because the first
paragraph indicates that stress is rampant among
teens, young adults, and adults, i.e., a range of
Svoups.
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fl'61
In fact, it does not mention his style at all. So (G) is
incorrect. (F) also doesn't work: the paragraph never
direct$ compares Emerson s public and private
lives. And (|) is the opposite of what the passage
says: Emerson lacktd the outsider romnnce of his
contemporaries. (H) correctly identifies the
paragraph's functiorL even if it does so from an
angle you are not expecting. The discussion of
Emerson's home life is included to explain why
26. G
The question asks you about Scott Russell Sanders,
so start by looking for his name. If you don't
remember where it is, scan topic sentences - the
name doesn't appear until line 79, so tha{s the most
efficient way of finding it. That sentence also is
where the author states the answer dtrectly: Likr
Lopate, contemporary nature essayist Scatt Russell
Saruders thinks that Emerson's most appealing presence
rests not in his essays, but in his journals. (G) is thus
Emerson has become an afterthouglft in the American
literary canon - in other words, why he's not as
correct.
popular as some other American writers.
27. A
29.D
Start by looking for the key phrase: "English and
European thinking." It's in lune 37, so you need to
read from there. Note that you need to go all the
way to the end of the paragraph to find the answer;
the fact that the last sentence starts with but is a clue
that it's important. So what does the passage tell us
about Emerson's attitude toward English and
European thinking - it was pretty positive (he was
influenced by Kant and Goethe) but not
overwheLningly so. (D) is extremely negative, so
you can eliminate it on those grounds, and (C) is
somewhat negative as well (it's also entirely
unsupported by the passage - the author only says
that Emerson was influenced by those thinkers; he
says nothing to suggest that English and European
tldnking were too reliant on them). Now you need to
consider the second piece of information: But
Emerson argued that all ideas slm,Lld be tested by
indiaidual experience, and rcot merely accepted based on
the pouter of precedent. In other words, even though
he thought English and European thinking were
valuable, he also thought that people should make
up their own minds, based on their individual
experiences - which is what (A) says. For (B), the
passage never states that Emerson believed English
and European thinking could nat be applied to life in
the U.5. In additioru the answer is phrased in an
absolute manner, suggesting that it is incorrect.
Start by considering the context. The passage states
that Emerson urged fuis listenersl to do their own
thinking instead of using imported ideas from tlrc Old
Wofld. The next sentence, however, qualifies that
idea by indicating that Emerson was influenced by
ideas from German intellectuals (i.e., the "Old
World"). In other words, he didn't think those ideas
were completely bad. Sa uniformlu must mean
something like "completely" or " always." That is the
definition of inaaiably, so (D) is correct.
30. F
The question asks about Emersort's essays,, so be
careful to look only for information about his essays
- not his journals. If you get confused, you could
end up with an answer that says exactly the
opposite of what you want. What do we know about
Emerson's essays relative to his journals? They were
a lot less personal and a lot harder to relate to
(remember from #6 that Sanders believed Emerson's
most appealing writing was found in his journals).
Lopate states that Emerson's essays sounded oracular,
abstract, dizzyingly inspired, like oisionary serntons, and
Sanders states that [Emerson] seemed too higfu-Jlawn,
too cocksure, too earnest. The words oracular, dizzyingly
insyired, and high-flo'wn ate synonyms fot lafty and
exalted, making (F) correct. (C) is simply off-topic;
(H) and (]) are the opposite of what you want
(cocksure is the opposite of tentatiae, and personal is
the opposite of impersonal (line 73).
28. I-I
It's reasonable to start off by reailing the first
sentence of this paragraph, but unfortunately it
won't get you to the at$wer on this particular
cluestion. It only tells us that the paragraph w,ill
colnpare hlmerson to other writers in some lvav. This
is where you neecl to be careful: the paragraph
cliscusses Emerscln's lrome life, nof his literarv stvle.
Natural Science
31. C
This is a very straighfforward question, so the
primary challenge is locating the information. The
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38. F
Practice Test 2
Remember that when you encounter a paragraphfunction question and see an answel choice that
refers to a shift in focus, you should check that
answer first. In this case, zeroing in on (F) and then
double-checking it in the passage may be the most
Prose Fiction
1.C
The information necessary to answer the question is
located in lines 32-37.If you do not remember where
efficient way of answering the question.
Unfortunately, reading the beginning of the
paragraph won t work here. The real topic - the
emergence of CCD - isn t introduced until line 61.
You can still get the correct answer by reading the
entire paragraph, but working this way will take
more time. (G) is incorrect because the passage
never explains what inspired Esaias to start ttre
the narrator's rnotivation for taking the drum is
discussed, the most efficient way to find it is to
recognize that you are looking for an explanation the word refislns in line 37 indicates that an
explanation is being given. Because the phrase
similnr reasons refers to information that has just
been discussed, you must back up and read the
previous paragraph. What information does it
apiary; (H) is incorrect because the passage does not
actually describe the pollination process; and (J) is
incorrect because the passage states that there is no
explanation for CCD - there is nothing to refute.
reveal? Elsie wanted the earrings because they made
her feel as if she was part of [Curtis's] arcrk. In other
words, she felt personally connected to them. The
narrator's statement that she took tlu drum for similar
reasons thus means that her theft was motivated by a
39. C
sense of personal connection. (A) is incorrect
Remernber that answers to in{erence questions,
especially ones involving numbers, do not usually
appear directly in the passage/ and that you'll
probably have to do some basic calculadons. Hive
weights get discussed a fair amount in the passage/
so you want to think carefully about key word.s
before you go back to the passage. Most of the
passage talks about nectar-collecting in the spring
and summer, but the question asks about January,
so that word is likely to appear only near the
answer. If you scan topic sentences, you'll find it in
line 18. That sentence states that the colony weighed
94.5 lbs in january but that the weight can rise to 275
lbs by |uly. That's a difference of 180 lbs, making (C)
the answer. Again, note that 180 is the only number
among the answer choices that does not appear in
because there is no mention of the drum's value Elsie only states that it wasn't that the earrings Toere so
aaluable. Careful with (B): Elsie does propose that the
narrator clqim she took the drum in order to have it
repaired, but that is not why the narrator actually
took the drum. In (D), the narrator does say thatlater
[she'll] find its rightful ollner, but again, that was not
her reason for taking the drum.
2.1
You should be able to eliminate (F) pretty easily;
Elsie wanG the narrator to return the drum, but it
clearly does not belong to Elsie. At this poin! it
makes sense to scan the passage for each name. Note
that the fastest way to answer the question is not to
go in order of the answers but rather to check the
names in the order in which they appear in the
passage. Since the correct owner, Jewett Parker
Tatro, is mentioned first (in line 65-72 and again in
the passage.
40J
Careful with this question - locating the date 1992
won't give you sufficient information to answer the
question. You'll have to go through a few steps of
reasoning. The passage states that Esais started his
apiary rn 1992, and that after the 2006 seasoru he
realized that over the past fifteen years the bees'
peak nectar-collecting time had shifted from mid-
99-\03), you will not have to check the other
If you have difficulty figuring out that
Tatro owned the drum from the passage - the
author does not direct$ state that he was the owner
but rather leaves the reader to infer it by mentioning
the drum in context of his "hoard" (line 101) - you
can play process of elimination. In the last
parugraph, the Elsie indicates that she wants to talk
to Old Shaawano and Mrs. String because they are
likely to know something about the drum's origins,
not because the drum belonged to them.
Ernswers.
May to late May. That means, when Esais started the
apiary tn 1992, the bees were collecting the largest
amount of nectar in late May.
t3t