Grade 7 Science Quarter 1 Overview
Lessons 1 to 5: Matter, Models, and Scientific
Investigation
Lesson 1 - Scientific Models &
Particle Model of Matter
• • Scientific models help explain things we
can't directly observe.
• Types of Models:
• • Physical (e.g., globe)
• • Conceptual (e.g., atomic models)
• • Mathematical (e.g., weather equations)
• • Simulation (e.g., digital earthquake model)
Particle Model of Matter
• All matter is made up of tiny particles:
• • Solids: vibrate in place
• • Liquids: slide past each other
• • Gases: move freely and rapidly
Lesson 2 - Pure Substances
• • Element: One kind of atom (e.g., aluminum)
• • Compound: Two or more atoms chemically
bonded (e.g., H2O)
• How to Identify:
• • Elements: Identical particles
• • Compounds: Combined particles
Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
• • All matter is made of tiny particles
• • Particles always move
• • Spaces exist between particles
• • Temperature affects speed:
• - Higher temp = faster
•
- Lower temp = slower
Particle Behavior in States of
Matter
• Solid - Vibrate in place - Very close - Ice
• Liquid - Slide past each other - Medium Water
• Gas - Move freely & rapidly - Far apart - Air
Diffusion
• Definition:
• • Movement from high to low concentration
• Fact:
• • Faster in warm temperatures due to faster
particles
Lesson 3 - States of Matter
• • Solid: Definite shape and volume
• • Liquid: Takes shape of container
• • Gas: No fixed shape or volume
Changes in State of Matter
• • Melting: Solid → Liquid
• • Evaporation: Liquid → Gas
• • Condensation: Gas → Liquid
• • Freezing: Liquid → Solid
• • Sublimation: Solid → Gas
• • Deposition: Gas → Solid
Phase Changes Diagram
Lesson 4 - Scientific
Investigation
• • Step-by-step process to answer scientific
questions
• Steps:
• 1. Aim/Problem
• 2. Materials & Equipment
• 3. Method/Procedure
• 4. Results (Data)
• 5. Conclusion
Variables in Experiments
• Independent: What you change
• Dependent: What you measure
• Controlled: What you keep the same
• Tip: Change only one independent variable
Lesson 5 - Scientific Method
• Steps:
• 1. Identify the Problem
• 2. Hypothesis (If...then...because...)
• 3. Identify Variables
• 4. Test Hypothesis
• 5. Record Data
• 6. Draw Conclusion
Review & Application
• • Why use models?
• • Particle behavior?
• • Identify variables?
• • Scientific method order?
Thank You!
0
